sentence-transformers safetensors bert sentence-similarity feature-extraction generated_from_trainer dataset_size:208 loss:BatchSemiHardTripletLoss arxiv:1908.10084 arxiv:1703.07737 base_model:BAAI/bge-base-en base_model:finetune:BAAI/bge-base-en model-index autotrain_compatible text-embeddings-inference endpoints_compatible region:us
---
base_model: BAAI/bge-base-en
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
- cosine_accuracy
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- sentence-similarity
- feature-extraction
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:208
- loss:BatchSemiHardTripletLoss
widget:
- source_sentence: '

    Name : Casa del Camino

    Category: Boutique Hotel, Travel Services

    Department: Marketing

    Location: Laguna Beach, CA

    Amount: 842.67

    Card: Team Retreat Planning

    Trip Name: Annual Strategy Offsite

    '
  sentences:
  - '

    Name : Gartner & Associates

    Category: Consulting, Business Services

    Department: Legal

    Location: San Francisco, CA

    Amount: 5000.0

    Card: Legal Consultation Fund

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : SkillAdvance Academy

    Category: Online Learning Platform, Professional Development

    Department: Engineering

    Location: Austin, TX

    Amount: 1875.67

    Card: Continuous Improvement Initiative

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : Innovative Patents Co.

    Category: Intellectual Property Services, Legal Services

    Department: Legal

    Location: New York, NY

    Amount: 3250.0

    Card: Patent Acquisition Fund

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
- source_sentence: '

    Name : Miller & Gartner

    Category: Consulting, Business Expense

    Department: Legal

    Location: Chicago, IL

    Amount: 1500.0

    Card: Legal Fund

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  sentences:
  - '

    Name : Agora Services

    Category: Office Equipment Maintenance, IT Support & Maintenance

    Department: Office Administration

    Location: Berlin, Germany

    Amount: 877.29

    Card: Quarterly Equipment Evaluation

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : InsightReports Group

    Category: Research and Insights, Consulting Services

    Department: Marketing

    Location: New York, NY

    Amount: 1499.89

    Card: Market Research

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : Mosaic Technologies

    Category: Cloud Solutions Provider, Data Analytics Platforms

    Department: R&D

    Location: Berlin, Germany

    Amount: 1785.45

    Card: AI Model Enhancement Project

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
- source_sentence: '

    Name : Café Del Mar

    Category: Catering Services, Event Planning

    Department: Sales

    Location: Barcelona, ES

    Amount: 578.29

    Card: Q3 Client Engagement

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  sentences:
  - '

    Name : Wong & Lim

    Category: Technical Equipment Services, Facility Services

    Department: Office Administration

    Location: Berlin, Germany

    Amount: 458.29

    Card: Monthly Equipment Care Program

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : Staton Morgan

    Category: Recruitment Services, Consulting

    Department: HR

    Location: Melbourne, Australia

    Amount: 1520.67

    Card: New Hires

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : Palace Suites

    Category: Hotel Accommodation, Event Outsourcing

    Department: Marketing

    Location: Amsterdam, NL

    Amount: 1278.64

    Card: Annual Conference Stay

    Trip Name: 2023 Innovation Summit

    '
- source_sentence: '

    Name : Nimbus Networks Inc.

    Category: Cloud Services, Application Hosting

    Department: Research & Development

    Location: Austin, TX

    Amount: 1134.67

    Card: NextGen Application Deployment

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  sentences:
  - '

    Name : City Shuttle Services

    Category: Transportation, Logistics

    Department: Sales

    Location: San Francisco, CA

    Amount: 85.0

    Card: Sales Team Travel Fund

    Trip Name: Client Meeting in Bay Area

    '
  - '

    Name : Omachi Meitetsu

    Category: Transportation Services, Travel Services

    Department: Sales

    Location: Hakkuba Japan

    Amount: 120.0

    Card: Quarterly Travel Expenses

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : Clarion Data Solutions

    Category: Cloud Computing & Data Storage Solutions, Consulting Services

    Department: Engineering

    Location: Berlin, Germany

    Amount: 756.49

    Card: Data Management Initiatives

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
- source_sentence: '

    Name : CloudFlare Inc.

    Category: Internet & Network Services, SaaS

    Department: IT Operations

    Location: New York, NY

    Amount: 2000.0

    Card: Annual Cloud Services Budget

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  sentences:
  - '

    Name : Zero One

    Category: Media Production

    Department: Marketing

    Location: New York, NY

    Amount: 7500.0

    Card: Sales Operating Budget

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : Vitality Systems

    Category: Facility Management, Health Services

    Department: Office Administration

    Location: Chicago, IL

    Amount: 347.29

    Card: Office Wellness Initiative

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
  - '

    Name : TechSavvy Solutions

    Category: Software Services, Online Subscription

    Department: Engineering

    Location: Austin, TX

    Amount: 1200.0

    Card: Annual Engineering Tools Budget

    Trip Name: unknown

    '
model-index:
- name: SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-base-en
  results:
  - task:
      type: triplet
      name: Triplet
    dataset:
      name: bge base en train
      type: bge-base-en-train
    metrics:
    - type: cosine_accuracy
      value: 0.8461538553237915
      name: Cosine Accuracy
  - task:
      type: triplet
      name: Triplet
    dataset:
      name: bge base en eval
      type: bge-base-en-eval
    metrics:
    - type: cosine_accuracy
      value: 0.39393940567970276
      name: Cosine Accuracy
---

# SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-base-en

This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [BAAI/bge-base-en](https://huggingface.co/BAAI/bge-base-en). It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

## Model Details

### Model Description
- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
- **Base model:** [BAAI/bge-base-en](https://huggingface.co/BAAI/bge-base-en) <!-- at revision b737bf5dcc6ee8bdc530531266b4804a5d77b5d8 -->
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 dimensions
- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **Language:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->

### Model Sources

- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers)
- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers)

### Full Model Architecture

```
SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': True}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)
```

## Usage

### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

```bash
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```

Then you can load this model and run inference.
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("ppuva1/finetuned-bge-base-en")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    '\nName : CloudFlare Inc.\nCategory: Internet & Network Services, SaaS\nDepartment: IT Operations\nLocation: New York, NY\nAmount: 2000.0\nCard: Annual Cloud Services Budget\nTrip Name: unknown\n',
    '\nName : TechSavvy Solutions\nCategory: Software Services, Online Subscription\nDepartment: Engineering\nLocation: Austin, TX\nAmount: 1200.0\nCard: Annual Engineering Tools Budget\nTrip Name: unknown\n',
    '\nName : Vitality Systems\nCategory: Facility Management, Health Services\nDepartment: Office Administration\nLocation: Chicago, IL\nAmount: 347.29\nCard: Office Wellness Initiative\nTrip Name: unknown\n',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]
```

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## Evaluation

### Metrics

#### Triplet

* Datasets: `bge-base-en-train` and `bge-base-en-eval`
* Evaluated with [<code>TripletEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.TripletEvaluator)

| Metric              | bge-base-en-train | bge-base-en-eval |
|:--------------------|:------------------|:-----------------|
| **cosine_accuracy** | **0.8462**        | **0.3939**       |

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## Training Details

### Training Dataset

#### Unnamed Dataset

* Size: 208 training samples
* Columns: <code>sentence</code> and <code>label</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 208 samples:
  |         | sentence                                                                           | label                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
  |:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  | type    | string                                                                             | int                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
  | details | <ul><li>min: 33 tokens</li><li>mean: 39.81 tokens</li><li>max: 49 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>0: ~3.85%</li><li>1: ~3.37%</li><li>2: ~3.85%</li><li>3: ~2.40%</li><li>4: ~5.29%</li><li>5: ~4.33%</li><li>6: ~4.33%</li><li>7: ~3.37%</li><li>8: ~3.85%</li><li>9: ~4.33%</li><li>10: ~3.37%</li><li>11: ~3.85%</li><li>12: ~2.40%</li><li>13: ~5.29%</li><li>14: ~3.37%</li><li>15: ~5.77%</li><li>16: ~4.33%</li><li>17: ~2.40%</li><li>18: ~2.88%</li><li>19: ~3.37%</li><li>20: ~3.85%</li><li>21: ~4.33%</li><li>22: ~2.88%</li><li>23: ~4.33%</li><li>24: ~4.81%</li><li>25: ~1.92%</li><li>26: ~1.92%</li></ul> |
* Samples:
  | sentence                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | label          |
  |:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------|
  | <code><br>Name : Transcend<br>Category: Upskilling<br>Department: Human Resource<br>Location: London, UK<br>Amount: 859.47<br>Card: Technology Skills Enhancement<br>Trip Name: unknown<br></code>                                      | <code>0</code> |
  | <code><br>Name : Ayden<br>Category: Financial Software<br>Department: Finance<br>Location: Berlin, DE<br>Amount: 1273.45<br>Card: Enterprise Technology Services<br>Trip Name: unknown<br></code>                                       | <code>1</code> |
  | <code><br>Name : Urban Sphere<br>Category: Utilities Management, Facility Services<br>Department: Office Administration<br>Location: New York, NY<br>Amount: 937.32<br>Card: Monthly Operations Budget<br>Trip Name: unknown<br></code> | <code>2</code> |
* Loss: [<code>BatchSemiHardTripletLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#batchsemihardtripletloss)

### Evaluation Dataset

#### Unnamed Dataset

* Size: 52 evaluation samples
* Columns: <code>sentence</code> and <code>label</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 52 samples:
  |         | sentence                                                                           | label                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
  |:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  | type    | string                                                                             | int                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
  | details | <ul><li>min: 32 tokens</li><li>mean: 38.37 tokens</li><li>max: 43 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>0: ~1.92%</li><li>4: ~1.92%</li><li>5: ~11.54%</li><li>7: ~5.77%</li><li>8: ~5.77%</li><li>10: ~7.69%</li><li>11: ~3.85%</li><li>12: ~3.85%</li><li>13: ~1.92%</li><li>16: ~3.85%</li><li>17: ~1.92%</li><li>18: ~13.46%</li><li>19: ~5.77%</li><li>20: ~3.85%</li><li>21: ~3.85%</li><li>22: ~7.69%</li><li>23: ~3.85%</li><li>24: ~5.77%</li><li>25: ~5.77%</li></ul> |
* Samples:
  | sentence                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | label           |
  |:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------|
  | <code><br>Name : Tooly<br>Category: Survey Software, SaaS<br>Department: Marketing<br>Location: San Francisco, CA<br>Amount: 2000.0<br>Card: Annual Marketing Technology Budget<br>Trip Name: unknown<br></code>                | <code>10</code> |
  | <code><br>Name : CloudFlare Inc.<br>Category: Internet & Network Services, SaaS<br>Department: IT Operations<br>Location: New York, NY<br>Amount: 2000.0<br>Card: Annual Cloud Services Budget<br>Trip Name: unknown<br></code> | <code>21</code> |
  | <code><br>Name : Gartner & Associates<br>Category: Consulting, Business Services<br>Department: Legal<br>Location: San Francisco, CA<br>Amount: 5000.0<br>Card: Legal Consultation Fund<br>Trip Name: unknown<br></code>        | <code>5</code>  |
* Loss: [<code>BatchSemiHardTripletLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#batchsemihardtripletloss)

### Training Hyperparameters
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters

- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 16
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 16
- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
- `num_train_epochs`: 5
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates

#### All Hyperparameters
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

- `overwrite_output_dir`: False
- `do_predict`: False
- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `prediction_loss_only`: True
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 16
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 16
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
- `weight_decay`: 0.0
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
- `max_grad_norm`: 1.0
- `num_train_epochs`: 5
- `max_steps`: -1
- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {}
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1
- `warmup_steps`: 0
- `log_level`: passive
- `log_level_replica`: warning
- `log_on_each_node`: True
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
- `save_safetensors`: True
- `save_on_each_node`: False
- `save_only_model`: False
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
- `no_cuda`: False
- `use_cpu`: False
- `use_mps_device`: False
- `seed`: 42
- `data_seed`: None
- `jit_mode_eval`: False
- `use_ipex`: False
- `bf16`: False
- `fp16`: False
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1
- `half_precision_backend`: auto
- `bf16_full_eval`: False
- `fp16_full_eval`: False
- `tf32`: None
- `local_rank`: 0
- `ddp_backend`: None
- `tpu_num_cores`: None
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False
- `debug`: []
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
- `past_index`: -1
- `disable_tqdm`: False
- `remove_unused_columns`: True
- `label_names`: None
- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
- `ignore_data_skip`: False
- `fsdp`: []
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
- `deepspeed`: None
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
- `optim`: adamw_torch
- `optim_args`: None
- `adafactor`: False
- `group_by_length`: False
- `length_column_name`: length
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False
- `push_to_hub`: False
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
- `hub_model_id`: None
- `hub_strategy`: every_save
- `hub_private_repo`: None
- `hub_always_push`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False
- `include_for_metrics`: []
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
- `fp16_backend`: auto
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None
- `mp_parameters`: 
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
- `full_determinism`: False
- `torchdynamo`: None
- `ray_scope`: last
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
- `torch_compile`: False
- `torch_compile_backend`: None
- `torch_compile_mode`: None
- `dispatch_batches`: None
- `split_batches`: None
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: False
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
- `optim_target_modules`: None
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
- `eval_on_start`: False
- `use_liger_kernel`: False
- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
- `average_tokens_across_devices`: False
- `prompts`: None
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional

</details>

### Training Logs
| Epoch | Step | bge-base-en-train_cosine_accuracy | bge-base-en-eval_cosine_accuracy |
|:-----:|:----:|:---------------------------------:|:--------------------------------:|
| -1    | -1   | 0.8462                            | 0.3939                           |


### Framework Versions
- Python: 3.11.8
- Sentence Transformers: 3.4.1
- Transformers: 4.49.0
- PyTorch: 2.4.1
- Accelerate: 0.34.2
- Datasets: 3.2.0
- Tokenizers: 0.21.0

## Citation

### BibTeX

#### Sentence Transformers
```bibtex
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
```

#### BatchSemiHardTripletLoss
```bibtex
@misc{hermans2017defense,
    title={In Defense of the Triplet Loss for Person Re-Identification},
    author={Alexander Hermans and Lucas Beyer and Bastian Leibe},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1703.07737},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CV}
}
```

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