protected static function get_item_ids_from_course_ids($courseids) {
        global $DB;
        if (empty($courseids)) {
            return [];
        }
        list($insql, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($courseids, SQL_PARAMS_NAMED);
        return $DB->get_fieldset_select('grade_items', 'id', "courseid $insql", $inparams);
    }