Question: Why is the *f* dynamic indication repeated in the last two bars displayed below if a dynamic instruction should last until a different indication occurs?

Also, in the same picture, should the notes between the sforzando indications be played as *ff* (the last dynamic specified before *sf* )?

Thanks for your help!

[![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U0kXr.jpg)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U0kXr.jpg)

Answer: 
At least in the classical period, the normal practice (with no explicit notation) was that different beats in the bar were accented differently.

Repeating the "f" on every beat says "ignore the fact that the first beat in the bar is normally louder than the second beat in 2/4 time, and play them both at the same dynamic level".
The composer wants the staccato notes to be emphasised. But they have a staccato dot over them. They need '>' over as well. There's no room. So he has to put 'f' instead.