Question: Planning to rewrite a complex, UI-heavy app so that its model is as cross-platform as reasonably possible. The research / reading I've done makes sense conceptually, but in terms of the model sending messages to the controller in some sort of cross-platform approach, I'm not seeing what a best practices approach would entail.

For example, the Model is changed via the Controller making calls to the Model's API. But the Model is then responsible for informing clients of its data that a change has taken place, so it needs to broadcast that back to the Controller -- which needs to inform the View(s).

But messaging approaches are going to be different for a controller written in C# or Objective-C++, right? Would one use signal to connect to the Controller, which would use platform-specific message communication with the View(s)?

Is there a standard, lightweight template that sets up these best practices for the platform-independent model operations?

Answer: 
I had created a new `Angular` application and written

```
bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/app")
    .IncludeDirectory("~/Angular", "*.js")
    .IncludeDirectory("~/Angular/directives/shared", "*.js")
    .IncludeDirectory("~/Angular/directives/main", "*.js")
    .IncludeDirectory("~/Angular/services", "*.js"));

```

but I had created no `services`, so the `services` folder was not deployed on publish as it was empty. Unfortunately, you have to put a dummy file inside any empty folder in order for it to publish

<https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/webdevelopertips/2010/04/29/tip-105-did-you-know-how-to-include-empty-directory-when-package-a-web-application/>
My problem was that my site had no files to bundle. However, I had created the site with an MVC template, which includes jQuery scripts. The bundle.config referred to those files and their folders. Not needing the scripts, I deleted them. After editing the bundle.config, all was good.