Question: I am just curious if last minute hotel deals is actually a thing. I am not a big traveler and have no clue.

But in theory if a hotel has a bunch of empty rooms for the current day, it would make sense to rent them at a reduced rate as opposed to letting them be empty.

Is this actually a thing that could be leveraged?

I am going on a road trip, and the last leg of the trip could take many variations on a moments notice and was wondering if this is something I could take advantage of.

Answer: 
After seeing the comments here, I tried it myself.

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Can you get it? - Yes you can, still today.
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I asked in China Eastern and Korean Air, both in economy and large cabin, in 2016.

You can ask an attendant once you finish eating, and he/she kindly starts to check if they can serve it for you.

However, whether it is only a main dish or whole dish depends on the airline (and attendant oneself and also random chance). In China Eastern I only got a main dish, but I didn't like to bother to complaining about it (and it was enough), so didn't make any further actions.

When you ask, the tips by other answers would likely work to your favor; be polite, wait for the end of the distribution of meal, and don't disturb. However, I want to add one more tips; you shouldn't ask it shortly before the start of collections of finished meal. In this case, attendants have to care about *only you* once after they finish collecting all the other passangers' meal. So make sure your second meal is going to be collected with others'.

However, some airlines don't allow it for whatever reasons. I asked at Asiana Airlines a few times (different flight, route, and crew) but I got declined in all of them. In fact when I asked one attendant she immediately got to ask a more elderly attendant (maybe a chief) and the answer was NO. So in these airlines, you could never get an extra meal, unfortunately...
Airlines: Emirates
Route: Dubai to India (CCU)
Well, I got encouraged by the answers here and asked.
The answer was a "No".

In the airlines defense, I asked for a Hindu meal, which maybe was limited in number.
But, guess what my co-passenger told me.
If you had asked it in your flight from Dubai to some western country they would be more than willing to serve you.

But here you are going back to the third world. You are lucky the "No" was not a rude one.
Ouch... :(