Question: Is there a word or short phrase, which describes or implies the destruction of books or libraries?

Answer: 
The term "pulp" is sometimes used to describe recycling already-printed books into fresh proto-paper -- sometimes as a scare tactic. 

I've read that some 'vanity' presses have used the threat of pulping unsold books in storage to exact $ from authors (e.g. buy them, pay us more to keep storing them.) But I have no citations of that.
Just to go in a different direction here: [bowdlerize](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bowdlerize)
 to modify by abridging, simplifying, or distorting in style or content.