Question: Did Peter Parker take part in, or have knowledge of what happened to the rest of the radioactive spiders? Were they disposed of or are they are still hanging around in a lab somewhere?

Answer: 
I'm not sure whether this was retconned (and how many times...), so I'm going by what was shown on Spidey's first appearance, on Amazing Fantasy #15.

According to that, there were no other radioactive spiders. One single spider was accidentally irradiated, and it has bitten Peter Parker:

![Radioactive spider biting Peter Parker](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xhKad.jpg)

Apparently, spiders were insects in 1962

The spider was dying due to the amount of radiation it absorbed, so we can assume its body was disposed (by the janitor?).
**Ultimate Universe (Marvel Earth-1610)**

In this alternate comic universe, the spider was a test subject for an attempt by OzCorp to create a new super soldier serum, and is listed as OZ EXPERIMENT 56, ARACHNID NO. 00. This, and other frames indicate that other animal testing was ongoing and that there was a possibility of other spiders existing.

Source: Ultimate Spider-Man 2000-2009 #1

It is initially unclear as to what happens to the other test animals (if any are even spiders), as Norman Osborn moves onto human testing soon after and the lab is destroyed soon after.

Much later we get a new Spider-Man, Miles Morales, also bitten by a radioactive spider.
It turns out that this spider is number 42 (it has 42 printed on its back, where Parker's has 00), and has been living in the ruins of the lab ever since. Given the numbering, we can presume there are a fair few unaccounted for. Given the enhanced durability that the Oz formula seems to confer, it is quite possible that many survived for quite some time.

Source: Ultimate Comics Spider-Man 2011-2013 #1 

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>  Since the second Secret Wars the remaining spiders are probably a moot point since the Ultimate Universe no longer exists.
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