Question: I need a **css3** selector to target an element when the :target equals the id of the element (easy) or when the `:target` is empty (impossible?). It’s hard to explain, so let me give you a simple example.

```
div {
  background: blue;
}
div:target, div:no-target {
  background: red;
}

```

But of course the `:no-target` pseudo class doesn’t exist ;). Is there a way around this without using **Javascript**? Thanks in advance!

Answer: 
Sigh. I feel like I'm resurrecting a dead topic, but it needs a real answer.

It's possible to do this with CSS alone, just by using `:last-child` and a [general sibling combinator](http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#general-sibling-combinators), in the form of `:target ~ :last-child`:

```
.pages > .page:target ~ .page:last-child,
.pages > .page {
    display: none;
}

/* :last-child works, but .page:last-child will not */
.pages > :last-child,
.pages > .page:target {
    display: block;
}

```

The rules applies in the following steps:

1. hide all pages
2. show both targeted page and the last page
3. if a page is targeted, hide the last page (`.page:target ~ .page:last-child`)

[(live example)](http://jsbin.com/emahek/2/edit#preview)

**Edit:** Apparently this is very similar to the accepted answer in [an older, previously mentioned, related post](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3354279/default-target-with-css).
All I can think of is that you have some javascript that checks to see if the hash is empty. If so, it adds a class to the body tag called "noHash". Then, you can use the fact that there is the noHash class available in your CSS rules.

```
if (window.location.hash.length <= 1) {
     document.body.className += " noHash";
}

```

Then, your CSS could be like this:

```
div {
  background: blue;
}
div:target, body.noHash div {
  background: red;
}

```

If there's any circumstance where a user might add a hash value after the fact, then you may have to watch for that to make sure the noHash class gets removed appropriately.

Note: you don't have to add the class name to the body tag. You can add it to any parent object that covers all the objects you wish to affect.