Question: Normally, reputation increases by 10 if an answer gets 1 upvote, 15 if an answer is accepted, and 5 if a question gets 1 upvote. 

But on this website, reputation increases by 1 for some of my questions. I'd like to know how reputation increases by 1. Thanks.

Answer: 
Although it's not particularly clear when looking at [this page](https://english.stackexchange.com/users/319007/math-wizard?tab=reputation&sort=post) (because the events didn't happen in this order), the complete summary of your reputation on this site can be summarized as follows:

* Association bonus: +100
* 7 upvotes on [Are articles pronouns?](https://english.stackexchange.com/q/467058/191178): +35
* 7 downvotes on [Are articles pronouns?](https://english.stackexchange.com/q/467058/191178): -14
* Accepting an answer on [Are articles pronouns?](https://english.stackexchange.com/q/467058/191178): +2
* Downvote on this question on main: -2
	+ Because it was migrated to meta where votes don't affect rep (also downvotes are reversed when a question is migrated), this rep change will be reversed [when the question is 30 days old and gets deleted automatically](https://meta.stackexchange.com/a/92006/323179).

More specifically, I think you're getting confused seeing the net +21 from upvotes and downvotes on the one question. Under normal circumstances it's unusual to see a post with such a large yet equal number of upvotes and downvotes, but I believe it's due to the fact the question was mentioned on meta [elsewhere](https://english.meta.stackexchange.com/q/11768/191178).

As others have pointed out, you need to have [1000 reputation](https://english.stackexchange.com/help/privileges/established-user) on this site to see the vote breakdown directly, although there are some other solutions, such as a SEDE query or a userscript (see [here](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/318347/6083675) for more info). However, unless you reach the daily 200 rep cap (or it's a meta question) it is usually easiest to calculate it via equations, where u is # of upvotes, d is number of downvotes, t is total net rep gain from votes (in this case +21), and s is net score (in this case 0):

* If question: 5u - 2d = t
* If answer: 10u - 2d = t
* u + d = s

(You have to make sure that you account for reputation from accepted answers, which is +2 if you're doing the accept or +15 if you get the accept. This isn't too hard of a calculation IMHO, since I do it all the time in my head for users who have only one post.)

---

Note: the question and this answer were written before the November 2019 [retroactive change to make question upvotes worth +10](https://stackoverflow.blog/2019/11/13/were-rewarding-the-question-askers).
It's also possible that you've reached the reputation maximum for the day.

In general you can only gain 200 reputation per day (although some things bypass this: bounty awards, accepted answers, and association bonuses). For instance, if you were already at 199 (somehow), then getting an upvote would only give you one more point (+1), not ten (+10), even though it *would* have given you the additional nine points if you hadn't reached the daily maximum.