Question: In this sentence: 做乜唔叫埋我? What is the function of 埋?

I understood this sentence to be: "why didn't you call me?" (perhaps to an outing or a party). What is the difference with the sentence "做乜唔叫我"?

Insights please.

Answer: 
1. [V + **埋**] = [**也** + V] = [V + **too**]

Example:

* 叫**埋**佢去 = **也**叫他去 = ask him to go **too**
* 殺**埋**佢隻狗 = **也**殺了他的狗 = kill his dog **too**
* 連你都打**埋** = 連你**也一起**打 = beat even you **too**

2. [V + 埋] = [V + 完] = [finish + V]

Example:

* 執**埋**啲手尾 = 辦**完**那些收尾工作 = **finish** those finishing work
* 計**埋**條數就走 = 計算**完**那筆賬就走 = leave after **finish** calculating the account
* 食**埋**飯先至睇電視 = 吃**完**飯才看電視 = watch T.V. only after **finish** eating dinner

3. [V + 埋] = [V + result particle that means 'conceal'

Example:

* 收**埋**你把手槍 = 收**起**你的手槍 = put away (**and conceal**) your handgun
* 快啲匿**埋** = 快些躲**起來** = hurry up and hide (**and conceal yourself**)

4. [V + 埋] = [V + 貼/ 近] = [V + close]

Example:

* 企**埋啲** = 站**近些** = stand **closer**
* 閂**埋**門打仔 = 關**上**門打兒子 = close the door (**shut**) and beat the son

To answer your question:

> 
> 做乜唔叫**埋**我? = 為什麼不**也一起**叫我? (Why not call me **too**?)
> 
> 
> 

> 
> "做乜唔叫我"? = 為什麼不叫我? (Why not call me?)
> 
> 
>
做乜唔叫埋我? What is the function of 埋?

First the sentence reads as:-

做乜 = why, (for what reason)

唔叫 = didn't call, (didn't include)

埋我? = me as well?

The function of 埋 in this context of Cantonese speech is not "bury" but to mean "as well"

So, 埋我 means "me as well"

Of course in Cantonese 埋 also means "bury" in some other context.

Another example of 埋 is 請埋位食饭 = please take a seat for (food, dinner, etc), where 埋位 means "take a seat", and not "bury a seat" in this context.

From these basic examples, it could be seen that 埋 has multifarious usages in Cantonese speech, and only the context would ferret out the applicable meanings and usages.

Finally, Quote:- "What is the difference with the sentence "做乜唔叫我"?"

The "difference" between 做乜唔叫埋我? and 做乜唔叫我? is the "tone", meaning the intention behind the question.

In 做乜唔叫我?, it is more a straight forward, neutral inquiry.

In 做乜唔叫埋我?, the 埋我, "as well", has an "accusative" element, a certain covert unhappiness of "being left out" This accusative element could also be implied in the equivalent English sentences -- "Why didn't you call me"? and "Why didn't you call me as well"?

This accusative element is more pronounced if 唔叫 is translated as "not include" rather than "not call" because in Cantonese 叫 in certain context does not always mean "call", (as in call someone on the phone)