Question: What is the quickest and best way to export a plot image from Mathematica to a $\LaTeX$ Editor? Is there something quicker than exporting it to an image and then including it in the $\LaTeX$ document?

Answer: 
One way to speed up the workflow is to batch process all your images and even formulas if you have many. Basically do all your work in the *Mathematica* notebook placing distinct graphics, formulas and text in separate cells. Then choose **File > Save As...** and pick **LaTeX Document (\*.tex)** from the drop down menu of popped up window. This will produce a set of .EPS files for each of your graphics stored in separate cells and a coherent .TEX file with text, formulas and calls to the .EPS images.
I just figured out the following workaround imitating the psfrag convenience while avoiding intense programming or additional software:

1. Create a new PlotTheme as described [here](https://mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/54545/is-it-possible-to-define-a-new-plottheme?newreg=152b31896aa843649f4693beeb69c7a1). It should contain the Latex fonts i.e. `FontFamily->"CMU Serif"`, the font size of the document to be created, i.e. `FontSize->11` and the final size of the plot via `ImageSize->425`. The latter is necessary for reproducible font sizes. My result looks like this:

```
Themes`AddThemeRules["Export",
DefaultPlotStyle->Thread@Directive[ColorData[97,"ColorList"], Thick],
Frame ->True, Background -> None, LabelStyle -> {FontSize->11,           
FontFamily -> "CMU Serif"}, ImageSize -> 425, PlotMarkers -> {Automatic, Small}];

```
2. Use the new PlotTheme on the figure like so: `Plot[...,PlotTheme->"MyTheme"]` and export as EPS
3. Import into Latex with size of 100%.

I ended up creating a small version with 212pt Image Size and a larger for full-page plots of 425pt. Also, I made a package to have them ready at every session.
This imitates psfrag in the way that if the document font size or -style changes, the plots can be redrawn quickly by simply changing the custom themes and exporting again. 

This is not a proper solution to the problem, but an easy workaround, which should be sufficient for most cases. It might not be enough for a journal article, though:

[![](https://i.stack.imgur.com/506tX.png)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/506tX.png)

In general it is a shame that Mathematica cannot separate graphics and text upon export. Matlab and most other Software packages have much better latex export functionalities. Maybe it is just a marketing thing - making it hard to avoid the Mathematica style. In any case a much-needed feature for v11!