Question: What does this expression in Perl programming do?

```
$variable =~ /^\s*$/;

```

Answer: 
That's looking for a line start (^), followed by zero or more whitespace (\s\*) characters, followed by a line end ($).

It's essentially looking for blank/empty lines. 

I'd expect the expression to be used in something like:

```
if ($v =~ /^\s*$/) {
   # found a blank line
}

```

in order to perform the check and a following action.
Nothing, since you are not assigning the result of this operation to any variable, and since it has no side effects that you are likely to test for.

However, if you said 

```
if ($variable =~ /^\s*$/)
{
  print "something";
}

```

You would be answering the question:

Does the value in variable consist of an empty line or a line consisting of nothing but non printing whitespace characters such as spaces and tabs?