Question: I'm an undergraduate electrical engineer. I have studied up to 80 percent of a masters in electrical engineering program and have two IEEE published papers. Is there such a thing as a PhD entrance exam that I can take to prove my ability to pass advanced electrical courses and get admitted directly into a PhD in a university in Europe?

Answer: 
Admission and funding in European PhD programs depends a lot on the university and the country's regulations. You should search for the programs you are interested in applying to and read their specific requirements.
In Germany, it is possible to start your PhD without a master [since 2000](http://www.kmk.org/fileadmin/veroeffentlichungen_beschluesse/2000/2000_04_14-Bachelor-Master-Promotion.pdf) (text only in German). You have to find an advisor and pass a qualifying examination, which differs by university. So, you first have to choose where you want to do your PhD.