SentenceTransformer based on Alibaba-NLP/gte-base-en-v1.5

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from Alibaba-NLP/gte-base-en-v1.5. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

  • Model Type: Sentence Transformer
  • Base model: Alibaba-NLP/gte-base-en-v1.5
  • Maximum Sequence Length: 64 tokens
  • Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
  • Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 64, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: NewModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the ๐Ÿค— Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("albertus-sussex/veriscrape-sbert-restaurant-wo-ref-gpt-4o-mini")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    '3',
    '1',
    '214-943-1767',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Triplet

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy 0.9899

Silhouette

  • Evaluated with veriscrape.training.SilhouetteEvaluator
Metric Value
silhouette_cosine 0.7649
silhouette_euclidean 0.5824

Triplet

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy 0.9919

Silhouette

  • Evaluated with veriscrape.training.SilhouetteEvaluator
Metric Value
silhouette_cosine 0.7662
silhouette_euclidean 0.5834

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 24,912 training samples
  • Columns: anchor, positive, negative, pos_attr_name, neg_attr_name, and website_id
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name website_id
    type string string string string string int
    details
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 6.09 tokens
    • max: 28 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 6.0 tokens
    • max: 27 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 7.49 tokens
    • max: 39 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
    • 0: ~5.60%
    • 1: ~3.20%
    • 2: ~11.20%
    • 3: ~8.20%
    • 4: ~27.50%
    • 5: ~11.50%
    • 6: ~8.50%
    • 7: ~8.30%
    • 8: ~8.80%
    • 9: ~7.20%
  • Samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name website_id
    Brown's Delta Bar-B-Q Shindokdo AR name address 5
    HI 92103 Seafood address cuisine 7
    Others/Others Others/Others , cuisine address 8
  • Loss: TripletLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.EUCLIDEAN",
        "triplet_margin": 5
    }
    

Evaluation Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

  • Size: 2,768 evaluation samples
  • Columns: anchor, positive, negative, pos_attr_name, neg_attr_name, and website_id
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name website_id
    type string string string string string int
    details
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 6.07 tokens
    • max: 53 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 6.02 tokens
    • max: 53 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 7.52 tokens
    • max: 53 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
    • min: 3 tokens
    • mean: 3.0 tokens
    • max: 3 tokens
    • 0: ~6.30%
    • 1: ~2.40%
    • 2: ~12.50%
    • 3: ~7.20%
    • 4: ~31.40%
    • 5: ~10.50%
    • 6: ~5.70%
    • 7: ~8.30%
    • 8: ~7.90%
    • 9: ~7.80%
  • Samples:
    anchor positive negative pos_attr_name neg_attr_name website_id
    Charlieโ€™s Lakeside Townhouse Bar & Grill Outdoor dining name cuisine 2
    American Mexican 401/861-8000 cuisine phone 0
    717 Lake Ave. Anoka, MN 55303 Seafood/Steak House address cuisine 8
  • Loss: TripletLoss with these parameters:
    {
        "distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.EUCLIDEAN",
        "triplet_margin": 5
    }
    

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 128
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 128
  • num_train_epochs: 5
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand
  • overwrite_output_dir: False
  • do_predict: False
  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • prediction_loss_only: True
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 128
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 128
  • per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
  • per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
  • gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
  • eval_accumulation_steps: None
  • torch_empty_cache_steps: None
  • learning_rate: 5e-05
  • weight_decay: 0.0
  • adam_beta1: 0.9
  • adam_beta2: 0.999
  • adam_epsilon: 1e-08
  • max_grad_norm: 1.0
  • num_train_epochs: 5
  • max_steps: -1
  • lr_scheduler_type: linear
  • lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1
  • warmup_steps: 0
  • log_level: passive
  • log_level_replica: warning
  • log_on_each_node: True
  • logging_nan_inf_filter: True
  • save_safetensors: True
  • save_on_each_node: False
  • save_only_model: False
  • restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
  • no_cuda: False
  • use_cpu: False
  • use_mps_device: False
  • seed: 42
  • data_seed: None
  • jit_mode_eval: False
  • use_ipex: False
  • bf16: False
  • fp16: False
  • fp16_opt_level: O1
  • half_precision_backend: auto
  • bf16_full_eval: False
  • fp16_full_eval: False
  • tf32: None
  • local_rank: 0
  • ddp_backend: None
  • tpu_num_cores: None
  • tpu_metrics_debug: False
  • debug: []
  • dataloader_drop_last: False
  • dataloader_num_workers: 0
  • dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
  • past_index: -1
  • disable_tqdm: False
  • remove_unused_columns: True
  • label_names: None
  • load_best_model_at_end: False
  • ignore_data_skip: False
  • fsdp: []
  • fsdp_min_num_params: 0
  • fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
  • fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
  • accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
  • deepspeed: None
  • label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
  • optim: adamw_torch
  • optim_args: None
  • adafactor: False
  • group_by_length: False
  • length_column_name: length
  • ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
  • ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
  • ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
  • dataloader_pin_memory: True
  • dataloader_persistent_workers: False
  • skip_memory_metrics: True
  • use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
  • push_to_hub: False
  • resume_from_checkpoint: None
  • hub_model_id: None
  • hub_strategy: every_save
  • hub_private_repo: False
  • hub_always_push: False
  • gradient_checkpointing: False
  • gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
  • include_inputs_for_metrics: False
  • eval_do_concat_batches: True
  • fp16_backend: auto
  • push_to_hub_model_id: None
  • push_to_hub_organization: None
  • mp_parameters:
  • auto_find_batch_size: False
  • full_determinism: False
  • torchdynamo: None
  • ray_scope: last
  • ddp_timeout: 1800
  • torch_compile: False
  • torch_compile_backend: None
  • torch_compile_mode: None
  • dispatch_batches: None
  • split_batches: None
  • include_tokens_per_second: False
  • include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
  • neftune_noise_alpha: None
  • optim_target_modules: None
  • batch_eval_metrics: False
  • eval_on_start: False
  • use_liger_kernel: False
  • eval_use_gather_object: False
  • prompts: None
  • batch_sampler: batch_sampler
  • multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch Step Training Loss Validation Loss cosine_accuracy silhouette_cosine
-1 -1 - - 0.6629 0.1626
1.0 195 0.5263 0.1648 0.9863 0.7920
2.0 390 0.0917 0.1377 0.9884 0.7343
3.0 585 0.0582 0.1247 0.9892 0.7826
4.0 780 0.0443 0.1338 0.9892 0.7566
5.0 975 0.0333 0.1251 0.9899 0.7649
-1 -1 - - 0.9919 0.7662

Framework Versions

  • Python: 3.10.16
  • Sentence Transformers: 4.0.1
  • Transformers: 4.45.2
  • PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu124
  • Accelerate: 1.6.0
  • Datasets: 3.1.0
  • Tokenizers: 0.20.3

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

TripletLoss

@misc{hermans2017defense,
    title={In Defense of the Triplet Loss for Person Re-Identification},
    author={Alexander Hermans and Lucas Beyer and Bastian Leibe},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1703.07737},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CV}
}
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