Salesforce/E1-Math-1.5B

Introduction

E1-Math-1.5B is a language model fine-tuned from DeepSeek-R1-Distilled-Qwen-1.5B. It is trained for Elastic Reasoning by budget-constrained rollout strategy, integrated into GRPO, which teaches the model to reason adaptively when the thinking process is cut short and generalizes effectively to unseen budget constraints without additional training.

Performance (Avg@16)

Model	Tokens	Acc (%)	Tokens	Acc (%)	Tokens	Acc (%)	Tokens	Acc (%)	Tokens	Acc (%)
DeepScaleR-1.5B	10050	41.0	1488	5.2	1904	9.6	2809	15.8	3700	22.7
E1-Math-1.5B	6825	35.0	1340	13.5	1799	17.5	2650	24.8	3377	27.9

Usage

For detailed usage, please refer to repo.

Citation

@article{xu2025scalable,
  title={Scalable Chain of Thoughts via Elastic Reasoning},
  author={Xu, Yuhui and Dong, Hanze and Wang, Lei and Sahoo, Doyen and Li, Junnan and Xiong, Caiming},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.05315},
  year={2025}
}

Ethical Considerations

This release is for research purposes only in support of an academic paper. Our models, datasets, and code are not specifically designed or evaluated for all downstream purposes. We strongly recommend users evaluate and address potential concerns related to accuracy, safety, and fairness before deploying this model. We encourage users to consider the common limitations of AI, comply with applicable laws, and leverage best practices when selecting use cases, particularly for high-risk scenarios where errors or misuse could significantly impact people's lives, rights, or safety. For further guidance on use cases, refer to our AUP and AI AUP.