| Title | \n", - "Context | \n", - "Question | \n", - "Answer | \n", + "Title | \n", + "Context | \n", + "Question | \n", + "Answer | \n", "
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University_of_Notre_Dame | \n", - "Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend \"Venite Ad Me Omnes\". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | \n", - "To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France? | \n", - "Saint Bernadette Soubirous | \n", + "University_of_Notre_Dame | \n", + "Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend \"Venite Ad Me Omnes\". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | \n", + "To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France? | \n", + "Saint Bernadette Soubirous | \n", "
| University_of_Notre_Dame | \n", - "Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend \"Venite Ad Me Omnes\". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | \n", - "What is in front of the Notre Dame Main Building? | \n", - "a copper statue of Christ | \n", + "University_of_Notre_Dame | \n", + "Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend \"Venite Ad Me Omnes\". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | \n", + "What is in front of the Notre Dame Main Building? | \n", + "a copper statue of Christ | \n", "
| University_of_Notre_Dame | \n", - "Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend \"Venite Ad Me Omnes\". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | \n", - "The Basilica of the Sacred heart at Notre Dame is beside to which structure? | \n", - "the Main Building | \n", + "University_of_Notre_Dame | \n", + "Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend \"Venite Ad Me Omnes\". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | \n", + "The Basilica of the Sacred heart at Notre Dame is beside to which structure? | \n", + "the Main Building | \n", "
| Title | \n", - "Context | \n", - "Question | \n", - "Answer | \n", + "Title | \n", + "Context | \n", + "Question | \n", + "Answer | \n", "
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute_of_technology | \n", - "The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | \n", - "1735 | \n", - "||||
| Film_speed | \n", - "The standard specifies how speed ratings should be reported by the camera. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is higher than the saturation-based speed, the noise-based speed should be reported, rounded downwards to a standard value (e.g. 200, 250, 320, or 400). The rationale is that exposure according to the lower saturation-based speed would not result in a visibly better image. In addition, an exposure latitude can be specified, ranging from the saturation-based speed to the 10:1 noise-based speed. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is lower than the saturation-based speed, or undefined because of high noise, the saturation-based speed is specified, rounded upwards to a standard value, because using the noise-based speed would lead to overexposed images. The camera may also report the SOS-based speed (explicitly as being an SOS speed), rounded to the nearest standard speed rating. | \n", - "What is another speed that can also be reported by the camera? | \n", - "SOS-based speed | \n", - "||||
| Sumer | \n", - "The most impressive and famous of Sumerian buildings are the ziggurats, large layered platforms which supported temples. Sumerian cylinder seals also depict houses built from reeds not unlike those built by the Marsh Arabs of Southern Iraq until as recently as 400 CE. The Sumerians also developed the arch, which enabled them to develop a strong type of dome. They built this by constructing and linking several arches. Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails. | \n", - "Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer? | \n", - "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", - "||||
| Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | \n", - "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. | \n", - "Who is elected every even numbered year? | \n", - "mayor | \n", + "Institute_of_technology | \n", + "The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | \n", + "What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | \n", + "1735 | \n", "
| John_von_Neumann | \n", - "Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that while the technical obstacles were sizable, they could be overcome in time. The SM-65 Atlas passed its first fully functional test in 1959, two years after his death. The feasibility of an ICBM owed as much to improved, smaller warheads as it did to developments in rocketry, and his understanding of the former made his advice invaluable. | \n", - "What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee? | \n", - "decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon | \n", + "Film_speed | \n", + "The standard specifies how speed ratings should be reported by the camera. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is higher than the saturation-based speed, the noise-based speed should be reported, rounded downwards to a standard value (e.g. 200, 250, 320, or 400). The rationale is that exposure according to the lower saturation-based speed would not result in a visibly better image. In addition, an exposure latitude can be specified, ranging from the saturation-based speed to the 10:1 noise-based speed. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is lower than the saturation-based speed, or undefined because of high noise, the saturation-based speed is specified, rounded upwards to a standard value, because using the noise-based speed would lead to overexposed images. The camera may also report the SOS-based speed (explicitly as being an SOS speed), rounded to the nearest standard speed rating. | \n", + "What is another speed that can also be reported by the camera? | \n", + "SOS-based speed | \n", "
| Pope_Paul_VI | \n", - "Some critiqued Paul VI's decision; the newly created Synod of Bishops had an advisory role only and could not make decisions on their own, although the Council decided exactly that. During the pontificate of Paul VI, five such synods took place, and he is on record of implementing all their decisions. Related questions were raised about the new National Bishop Conferences, which became mandatory after Vatican II. Others questioned his Ostpolitik and contacts with Communism and the deals he engaged in for the faithful. | \n", - "What conferences became a requirement after Vatican II? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences | \n", + "Sumer | \n", + "The most impressive and famous of Sumerian buildings are the ziggurats, large layered platforms which supported temples. Sumerian cylinder seals also depict houses built from reeds not unlike those built by the Marsh Arabs of Southern Iraq until as recently as 400 CE. The Sumerians also developed the arch, which enabled them to develop a strong type of dome. They built this by constructing and linking several arches. Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails. | \n", + "Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer? | \n", + "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", "
| Spectre_(2015_film) | \n", - "Bond and Swann return to London where they meet M, Bill Tanner, Q, and Moneypenny; they intend to arrest C and stop Nine Eyes from going online. Swann leaves Bond, telling him she cannot be part of a life involving espionage, and is subsequently kidnapped. On the way, the group is ambushed and Bond is kidnapped, but the rest still proceed with the plan. After Q succeeds in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online, a brief struggle between M and C ends with the latter falling to his death. Meanwhile, Bond is taken to the old MI6 building, which is scheduled for demolition, and frees himself. Moving throughout the ruined labyrinth, he encounters a disfigured Blofeld, who tells him that he has three minutes to escape the building before explosives are detonated or die trying to save Swann. Bond finds Swann and the two escape by boat as the building collapses. Bond shoots down Blofeld's helicopter, which crashes onto Westminster Bridge. As Blofeld crawls away from the wreckage, Bond confronts him but ultimately leaves him to be arrested by M. Bond leaves the bridge with Swann. | \n", - "Who does M fight with? | \n", - "C | \n", + "Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | \n", + "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. | \n", + "Who is elected every even numbered year? | \n", + "mayor | \n", "
| Antarctica | \n", - "About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as Cryomyces minteri. Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals. | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been found on Antarctica? | \n", - "1150 | \n", - "||||
| North_Carolina | \n", - "In the Battle of Cowan's Ford, Cornwallis met resistance along the banks of the Catawba River at Cowan's Ford on February 1, 1781, in an attempt to engage General Morgan's forces during a tactical withdrawal. Morgan had moved to the northern part of the state to combine with General Greene's newly recruited forces. Generals Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present-day Greensboro on March 15, 1781. Although the British troops held the field at the end of the battle, their casualties at the hands of the numerically superior Continental Army were crippling. Following this \"Pyrrhic victory\", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect his battered army. This decision would result in Cornwallis' eventual defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, later in 1781. The Patriots' victory there guaranteed American independence. | \n", - "After losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornawallis moved his troops where? | \n", - "Virginia coastline | \n", - "||||
| 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | \n", - "The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as \"Lucky Cloud\". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe. | \n", - "What is the Olympic Torch made from? | \n", - "aluminum. | \n", + "John_von_Neumann | \n", + "Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that while the technical obstacles were sizable, they could be overcome in time. The SM-65 Atlas passed its first fully functional test in 1959, two years after his death. The feasibility of an ICBM owed as much to improved, smaller warheads as it did to developments in rocketry, and his understanding of the former made his advice invaluable. | \n", + "What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee? | \n", + "decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon | \n", "
| Title | \n", - "Context | \n", - "Question | \n", - "Answer | \n", - "Synthesized Question | \n", + "Title | \n", + "Context | \n", + "Question | \n", + "Answer | \n", + "Synthesized Question | \n", "
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute_of_technology | \n", - "The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | \n", - "1735 | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia, the world's first institution of technology, founded in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia? | \n", - "|||||
| Film_speed | \n", - "The standard specifies how speed ratings should be reported by the camera. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is higher than the saturation-based speed, the noise-based speed should be reported, rounded downwards to a standard value (e.g. 200, 250, 320, or 400). The rationale is that exposure according to the lower saturation-based speed would not result in a visibly better image. In addition, an exposure latitude can be specified, ranging from the saturation-based speed to the 10:1 noise-based speed. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is lower than the saturation-based speed, or undefined because of high noise, the saturation-based speed is specified, rounded upwards to a standard value, because using the noise-based speed would lead to overexposed images. The camera may also report the SOS-based speed (explicitly as being an SOS speed), rounded to the nearest standard speed rating. | \n", - "What is another speed that can also be reported by the camera? | \n", - "SOS-based speed | \n", - "What is another speed, besides the noise-based and saturation-based speeds, that can also be reported by the camera according to the film speed standards? | \n", - "|||||
| Sumer | \n", - "The most impressive and famous of Sumerian buildings are the ziggurats, large layered platforms which supported temples. Sumerian cylinder seals also depict houses built from reeds not unlike those built by the Marsh Arabs of Southern Iraq until as recently as 400 CE. The Sumerians also developed the arch, which enabled them to develop a strong type of dome. They built this by constructing and linking several arches. Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails. | \n", - "Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer? | \n", - "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", - "Where were the advanced materials and techniques, such as buttresses and arches, used in the construction of temples and palaces in Sumer? | \n", - "|||||
| Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | \n", - "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. | \n", - "Who is elected every even numbered year? | \n", - "mayor | \n", - "Who is elected as mayor in Ann Arbor every even-numbered year? | \n", - "|||||
| John_von_Neumann | \n", - "Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that while the technical obstacles were sizable, they could be overcome in time. The SM-65 Atlas passed its first fully functional test in 1959, two years after his death. The feasibility of an ICBM owed as much to improved, smaller warheads as it did to developments in rocketry, and his understanding of the former made his advice invaluable. | \n", - "What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee? | \n", - "decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon | \n", - "What was the purpose of the top secret ICBM committee that John von Neumann headed shortly before his death? | \n", + "Institute_of_technology | \n", + "The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | \n", + "What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | \n", + "1735 | \n", + "What year was the Banská Akadémia, the world's first institution of technology, founded in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia? | \n", "
| Pope_Paul_VI | \n", - "Some critiqued Paul VI's decision; the newly created Synod of Bishops had an advisory role only and could not make decisions on their own, although the Council decided exactly that. During the pontificate of Paul VI, five such synods took place, and he is on record of implementing all their decisions. Related questions were raised about the new National Bishop Conferences, which became mandatory after Vatican II. Others questioned his Ostpolitik and contacts with Communism and the deals he engaged in for the faithful. | \n", - "What conferences became a requirement after Vatican II? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences | \n", - "What National Bishop Conferences became a requirement after Vatican II during the pontificate of Pope Paul VI? | \n", + "Film_speed | \n", + "The standard specifies how speed ratings should be reported by the camera. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is higher than the saturation-based speed, the noise-based speed should be reported, rounded downwards to a standard value (e.g. 200, 250, 320, or 400). The rationale is that exposure according to the lower saturation-based speed would not result in a visibly better image. In addition, an exposure latitude can be specified, ranging from the saturation-based speed to the 10:1 noise-based speed. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is lower than the saturation-based speed, or undefined because of high noise, the saturation-based speed is specified, rounded upwards to a standard value, because using the noise-based speed would lead to overexposed images. The camera may also report the SOS-based speed (explicitly as being an SOS speed), rounded to the nearest standard speed rating. | \n", + "What is another speed that can also be reported by the camera? | \n", + "SOS-based speed | \n", + "What is another speed rating that can also be reported by the camera in addition to the noise-based and saturation-based speeds? | \n", "
| Spectre_(2015_film) | \n", - "Bond and Swann return to London where they meet M, Bill Tanner, Q, and Moneypenny; they intend to arrest C and stop Nine Eyes from going online. Swann leaves Bond, telling him she cannot be part of a life involving espionage, and is subsequently kidnapped. On the way, the group is ambushed and Bond is kidnapped, but the rest still proceed with the plan. After Q succeeds in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online, a brief struggle between M and C ends with the latter falling to his death. Meanwhile, Bond is taken to the old MI6 building, which is scheduled for demolition, and frees himself. Moving throughout the ruined labyrinth, he encounters a disfigured Blofeld, who tells him that he has three minutes to escape the building before explosives are detonated or die trying to save Swann. Bond finds Swann and the two escape by boat as the building collapses. Bond shoots down Blofeld's helicopter, which crashes onto Westminster Bridge. As Blofeld crawls away from the wreckage, Bond confronts him but ultimately leaves him to be arrested by M. Bond leaves the bridge with Swann. | \n", - "Who does M fight with? | \n", - "C | \n", - "Who does M struggle with during the events of the film Spectre (2015)? | \n", + "Sumer | \n", + "The most impressive and famous of Sumerian buildings are the ziggurats, large layered platforms which supported temples. Sumerian cylinder seals also depict houses built from reeds not unlike those built by the Marsh Arabs of Southern Iraq until as recently as 400 CE. The Sumerians also developed the arch, which enabled them to develop a strong type of dome. They built this by constructing and linking several arches. Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails. | \n", + "Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer? | \n", + "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", + "Where were the advanced materials and techniques, such as buttresses and arches, used in Sumerian temples and palaces on display? | \n", "
| Antarctica | \n", - "About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as Cryomyces minteri. Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals. | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been found on Antarctica? | \n", - "1150 | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been recorded in Antarctica, including both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming species? | \n", + "Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | \n", + "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. | \n", + "Who is elected every even numbered year? | \n", + "mayor | \n", + "Who is elected as mayor every even-numbered year in Ann Arbor, Michigan? | \n", "
| North_Carolina | \n", - "In the Battle of Cowan's Ford, Cornwallis met resistance along the banks of the Catawba River at Cowan's Ford on February 1, 1781, in an attempt to engage General Morgan's forces during a tactical withdrawal. Morgan had moved to the northern part of the state to combine with General Greene's newly recruited forces. Generals Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present-day Greensboro on March 15, 1781. Although the British troops held the field at the end of the battle, their casualties at the hands of the numerically superior Continental Army were crippling. Following this \"Pyrrhic victory\", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect his battered army. This decision would result in Cornwallis' eventual defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, later in 1781. The Patriots' victory there guaranteed American independence. | \n", - "After losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornawallis moved his troops where? | \n", - "Virginia coastline | \n", - "After losing the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, where did Cornwallis move his troops to seek reinforcements and protection from the Royal Navy? | \n", - "|||||
| 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | \n", - "The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as \"Lucky Cloud\". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe. | \n", - "What is the Olympic Torch made from? | \n", - "aluminum. | \n", - "What material is the Olympic Torch made from in the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? | \n", + "John_von_Neumann | \n", + "Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that while the technical obstacles were sizable, they could be overcome in time. The SM-65 Atlas passed its first fully functional test in 1959, two years after his death. The feasibility of an ICBM owed as much to improved, smaller warheads as it did to developments in rocketry, and his understanding of the former made his advice invaluable. | \n", + "What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee? | \n", + "decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon | \n", + "What was the purpose of the top secret ICBM committee headed by John von Neumann shortly before his death? | \n", "
| Title | \n", - "Context | \n", - "Question | \n", - "Answer | \n", - "Synthesized Question | \n", - "Predicted Answer | \n", - "Similarity | \n", + "Synthesized Question | \n", + "Cleaned Answer | \n", + "Cleaned Predicted Answer | \n", + "Similarity | \n", "
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute_of_technology | \n", - "The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | \n", - "1735 | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia, the world's first institution of technology, founded in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia? | \n", - "1735 | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "How many species of fungi, both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming, have been recorded in Antarctica? | \n", + "1150 | \n", + "1150 species fungi recorded antarctica including approximately 750 nonlichenforming 400 lichenforming species | \n", + "-0.037171 | \n", "
| Film_speed | \n", - "The standard specifies how speed ratings should be reported by the camera. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is higher than the saturation-based speed, the noise-based speed should be reported, rounded downwards to a standard value (e.g. 200, 250, 320, or 400). The rationale is that exposure according to the lower saturation-based speed would not result in a visibly better image. In addition, an exposure latitude can be specified, ranging from the saturation-based speed to the 10:1 noise-based speed. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is lower than the saturation-based speed, or undefined because of high noise, the saturation-based speed is specified, rounded upwards to a standard value, because using the noise-based speed would lead to overexposed images. The camera may also report the SOS-based speed (explicitly as being an SOS speed), rounded to the nearest standard speed rating. | \n", - "What is another speed that can also be reported by the camera? | \n", - "SOS-based speed | \n", - "What is another speed, besides the noise-based and saturation-based speeds, that can also be reported by the camera according to the film speed standards? | \n", - "SOS-based speed | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "What fraction of the South Florida population lives in the city of Miami, given that it is home to less than one-thirteenth of the population of South Florida? | \n", + "one-thirteenth | \n", + "fraction south florida population lives city miami less 113 | \n", + "-0.003697 | \n", "
| Sumer | \n", - "The most impressive and famous of Sumerian buildings are the ziggurats, large layered platforms which supported temples. Sumerian cylinder seals also depict houses built from reeds not unlike those built by the Marsh Arabs of Southern Iraq until as recently as 400 CE. The Sumerians also developed the arch, which enabled them to develop a strong type of dome. They built this by constructing and linking several arches. Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails. | \n", - "Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer? | \n", - "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", - "Where were the advanced materials and techniques, such as buttresses and arches, used in the construction of temples and palaces in Sumer? | \n", - "Sumerian temples and palaces. | \n", - "0.958309 | \n", + "In how many scenarios projected by the ABS will Sydney remain higher than Melbourne in population beyond 2056? | \n", + "two | \n", + "two scenarios projected abs sydney remain higher melbourne population beyond 2056 | \n", + "0.075540 | \n", "
| Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | \n", - "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. | \n", - "Who is elected every even numbered year? | \n", - "mayor | \n", - "Who is elected as mayor in Ann Arbor every even-numbered year? | \n", - "Christopher Taylor | \n", - "0.288215 | \n", + "How many companies were involved in the development of USB in 1994? | \n", + "seven | \n", + "seven companies involved development usb 1994 | \n", + "0.108814 | \n", "
| John_von_Neumann | \n", - "Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that while the technical obstacles were sizable, they could be overcome in time. The SM-65 Atlas passed its first fully functional test in 1959, two years after his death. The feasibility of an ICBM owed as much to improved, smaller warheads as it did to developments in rocketry, and his understanding of the former made his advice invaluable. | \n", - "What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee? | \n", - "decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon | \n", - "What was the purpose of the top secret ICBM committee that John von Neumann headed shortly before his death? | \n", - "To decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. | \n", - "0.634684 | \n", + "What kind of nutritional value do processed foods have in comparison to their fresh variants, considering the impact of processing techniques on nutrient content as described in the context of nutrition? | \n", + "reduced | \n", + "processed foods generally reduced nutritional value compared fresh foods superior nutrient content processing techniques lead loss essential nutrients often result addition harmful substances | \n", + "0.138965 | \n", "
| Pope_Paul_VI | \n", - "Some critiqued Paul VI's decision; the newly created Synod of Bishops had an advisory role only and could not make decisions on their own, although the Council decided exactly that. During the pontificate of Paul VI, five such synods took place, and he is on record of implementing all their decisions. Related questions were raised about the new National Bishop Conferences, which became mandatory after Vatican II. Others questioned his Ostpolitik and contacts with Communism and the deals he engaged in for the faithful. | \n", - "What conferences became a requirement after Vatican II? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences | \n", - "What National Bishop Conferences became a requirement after Vatican II during the pontificate of Pope Paul VI? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "On what date did ESPN announce the purchase of a minority stake in the Arena Football League (AFL)? | \n", + "December 19, 2006 | \n", + "espn announced purchase minority stake arena football league december 19 2006 | \n", + "0.143321 | \n", "
| Spectre_(2015_film) | \n", - "Bond and Swann return to London where they meet M, Bill Tanner, Q, and Moneypenny; they intend to arrest C and stop Nine Eyes from going online. Swann leaves Bond, telling him she cannot be part of a life involving espionage, and is subsequently kidnapped. On the way, the group is ambushed and Bond is kidnapped, but the rest still proceed with the plan. After Q succeeds in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online, a brief struggle between M and C ends with the latter falling to his death. Meanwhile, Bond is taken to the old MI6 building, which is scheduled for demolition, and frees himself. Moving throughout the ruined labyrinth, he encounters a disfigured Blofeld, who tells him that he has three minutes to escape the building before explosives are detonated or die trying to save Swann. Bond finds Swann and the two escape by boat as the building collapses. Bond shoots down Blofeld's helicopter, which crashes onto Westminster Bridge. As Blofeld crawls away from the wreckage, Bond confronts him but ultimately leaves him to be arrested by M. Bond leaves the bridge with Swann. | \n", - "Who does M fight with? | \n", - "C | \n", - "Who does M struggle with during the events of the film Spectre (2015)? | \n", - "C | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "What term did Europeans use to refer to the Ottoman Empire during the mid-19th century? | \n", + "the \"sick man\" | \n", + "term europeans used refer ottoman empire mid19th century sick man europe | \n", + "0.148575 | \n", "
| Antarctica | \n", - "About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as Cryomyces minteri. Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals. | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been found on Antarctica? | \n", - "1150 | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been recorded in Antarctica, including both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming species? | \n", - "1150 | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "What does the Sanskrit term \"Karma,\" which translates to \"action\" or \"work,\" refer to in the context of Buddhism? | \n", + "action, work | \n", + "buddhism sanskrit term karma refers force drives saṃsāra cycle suffering rebirth encompasses actions body speech mind arise mental intent lead consequences either life future rebirths good actions encouraged unwholesome actions avoided | \n", + "0.160409 | \n", "
| North_Carolina | \n", - "In the Battle of Cowan's Ford, Cornwallis met resistance along the banks of the Catawba River at Cowan's Ford on February 1, 1781, in an attempt to engage General Morgan's forces during a tactical withdrawal. Morgan had moved to the northern part of the state to combine with General Greene's newly recruited forces. Generals Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present-day Greensboro on March 15, 1781. Although the British troops held the field at the end of the battle, their casualties at the hands of the numerically superior Continental Army were crippling. Following this \"Pyrrhic victory\", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect his battered army. This decision would result in Cornwallis' eventual defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, later in 1781. The Patriots' victory there guaranteed American independence. | \n", - "After losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornawallis moved his troops where? | \n", - "Virginia coastline | \n", - "After losing the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, where did Cornwallis move his troops to seek reinforcements and protection from the Royal Navy? | \n", - "Virginia coastline | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "How many civilians died in the attack on the Vilnius TV Tower during the events leading up to the dissolution of the Soviet Union? | \n", + "Fourteen | \n", + "fourteen unarmed civilians died attack vilnius tv tower events leading dissolution soviet union | \n", + "0.164086 | \n", "
| 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | \n", - "The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as \"Lucky Cloud\". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe. | \n", - "What is the Olympic Torch made from? | \n", - "aluminum. | \n", - "What material is the Olympic Torch made from in the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? | \n", - "aluminum | \n", - "0.973508 | \n", + "At around what age, specifically twenty-four or twenty-five, was Dominic ordained as a Priest in the context of the Dominican Order? | \n", + "twenty-five | \n", + "dominic ordained priest age twentyfive | \n", + "0.165672 | \n", "
| Title | \n", - "Context | \n", - "Question | \n", - "Answer | \n", - "Synthesized Question | \n", - "Predicted Answer | \n", - "Similarity | \n", + "Synthesized Question | \n", + "Cleaned Answer | \n", + "Cleaned Predicted Answer | \n", + "Similarity | \n", "
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute_of_technology | \n", - "The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | \n", - "1735 | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia, the world's first institution of technology, founded in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia? | \n", - "1735 | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "How many species of fungi, both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming, have been recorded in Antarctica? | \n", + "1150 | \n", + "1150 species fungi recorded antarctica | \n", + "-0.002039 | \n", "
| Film_speed | \n", - "The standard specifies how speed ratings should be reported by the camera. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is higher than the saturation-based speed, the noise-based speed should be reported, rounded downwards to a standard value (e.g. 200, 250, 320, or 400). The rationale is that exposure according to the lower saturation-based speed would not result in a visibly better image. In addition, an exposure latitude can be specified, ranging from the saturation-based speed to the 10:1 noise-based speed. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is lower than the saturation-based speed, or undefined because of high noise, the saturation-based speed is specified, rounded upwards to a standard value, because using the noise-based speed would lead to overexposed images. The camera may also report the SOS-based speed (explicitly as being an SOS speed), rounded to the nearest standard speed rating. | \n", - "What is another speed that can also be reported by the camera? | \n", - "SOS-based speed | \n", - "What is another speed, besides the noise-based and saturation-based speeds, that can also be reported by the camera according to the film speed standards? | \n", - "SOS-based speed | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "Where was very expensive wallpaper imported from during the Georgian architectural period? | \n", + "China | \n", + "could find information origins expensive wallpaper georgian architectural period | \n", + "0.154515 | \n", "
| Sumer | \n", - "The most impressive and famous of Sumerian buildings are the ziggurats, large layered platforms which supported temples. Sumerian cylinder seals also depict houses built from reeds not unlike those built by the Marsh Arabs of Southern Iraq until as recently as 400 CE. The Sumerians also developed the arch, which enabled them to develop a strong type of dome. They built this by constructing and linking several arches. Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails. | \n", - "Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer? | \n", - "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", - "Where were the advanced materials and techniques, such as buttresses and arches, used in the construction of temples and palaces in Sumer? | \n", - "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "What kind of nutritional value do processed foods have in comparison to their fresh variants, considering the impact of processing techniques on nutrient content as described in the context of nutrition? | \n", + "reduced | \n", + "processed foods reduced nutritional value compared fresh foods | \n", + "0.174138 | \n", "
| Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | \n", - "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. | \n", - "Who is elected every even numbered year? | \n", - "mayor | \n", - "Who is elected as mayor in Ann Arbor every even-numbered year? | \n", - "Christopher Taylor | \n", - "0.288214 | \n", + "According to Hayek, limited government power through the Rule of Law does not stultify individual efforts by ad hoc action. What does this mean for people's ability to make investments and future plans? | \n", + "frustrate his efforts | \n", + "according hayek limited government power rule law enables individuals confidently make investments future plans without fear government interference could frustrate efforts | \n", + "0.212996 | \n", "
| John_von_Neumann | \n", - "Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that while the technical obstacles were sizable, they could be overcome in time. The SM-65 Atlas passed its first fully functional test in 1959, two years after his death. The feasibility of an ICBM owed as much to improved, smaller warheads as it did to developments in rocketry, and his understanding of the former made his advice invaluable. | \n", - "What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee? | \n", - "decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon | \n", - "What was the purpose of the top secret ICBM committee that John von Neumann headed shortly before his death? | \n", - "The purpose of the top secret ICBM committee was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. | \n", - "0.687334 | \n", + "What does the Sanskrit term \"Karma,\" which translates to \"action\" or \"work,\" refer to in the context of Buddhism? | \n", + "action, work | \n", + "buddhism karma refers force drives saṃsāra encompassing actions body speech mind spring mental intent producing consequences | \n", + "0.277542 | \n", "
| Pope_Paul_VI | \n", - "Some critiqued Paul VI's decision; the newly created Synod of Bishops had an advisory role only and could not make decisions on their own, although the Council decided exactly that. During the pontificate of Paul VI, five such synods took place, and he is on record of implementing all their decisions. Related questions were raised about the new National Bishop Conferences, which became mandatory after Vatican II. Others questioned his Ostpolitik and contacts with Communism and the deals he engaged in for the faithful. | \n", - "What conferences became a requirement after Vatican II? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences | \n", - "What National Bishop Conferences became a requirement after Vatican II during the pontificate of Pope Paul VI? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "Who is elected as mayor every even-numbered year in Ann Arbor, Michigan? | \n", + "mayor | \n", + "christopher taylor | \n", + "0.288215 | \n", "
| Spectre_(2015_film) | \n", - "Bond and Swann return to London where they meet M, Bill Tanner, Q, and Moneypenny; they intend to arrest C and stop Nine Eyes from going online. Swann leaves Bond, telling him she cannot be part of a life involving espionage, and is subsequently kidnapped. On the way, the group is ambushed and Bond is kidnapped, but the rest still proceed with the plan. After Q succeeds in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online, a brief struggle between M and C ends with the latter falling to his death. Meanwhile, Bond is taken to the old MI6 building, which is scheduled for demolition, and frees himself. Moving throughout the ruined labyrinth, he encounters a disfigured Blofeld, who tells him that he has three minutes to escape the building before explosives are detonated or die trying to save Swann. Bond finds Swann and the two escape by boat as the building collapses. Bond shoots down Blofeld's helicopter, which crashes onto Westminster Bridge. As Blofeld crawls away from the wreckage, Bond confronts him but ultimately leaves him to be arrested by M. Bond leaves the bridge with Swann. | \n", - "Who does M fight with? | \n", - "C | \n", - "Who does M struggle with during the events of the film Spectre (2015)? | \n", - "C | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "How many copies has Queen's Greatest Hits II sold worldwide? | \n", + "16 million | \n", + "sales figures queens greatest hits ii specifically available queen sold 150 million records worldwide | \n", + "0.315704 | \n", "
| Antarctica | \n", - "About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as Cryomyces minteri. Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals. | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been found on Antarctica? | \n", - "1150 | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been recorded in Antarctica, including both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming species? | \n", - "1150 species of fungi have been recorded in Antarctica, including both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming species. | \n", - "-0.025606 | \n", + "When did Tajiks begin to be conscripted into the Soviet Army, particularly during the lead-up to and including World War II? | \n", + "1939 | \n", + "tajiks began conscripted soviet army 1939 | \n", + "0.329918 | \n", "
| North_Carolina | \n", - "In the Battle of Cowan's Ford, Cornwallis met resistance along the banks of the Catawba River at Cowan's Ford on February 1, 1781, in an attempt to engage General Morgan's forces during a tactical withdrawal. Morgan had moved to the northern part of the state to combine with General Greene's newly recruited forces. Generals Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present-day Greensboro on March 15, 1781. Although the British troops held the field at the end of the battle, their casualties at the hands of the numerically superior Continental Army were crippling. Following this \"Pyrrhic victory\", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect his battered army. This decision would result in Cornwallis' eventual defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, later in 1781. The Patriots' victory there guaranteed American independence. | \n", - "After losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornawallis moved his troops where? | \n", - "Virginia coastline | \n", - "After losing the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, where did Cornwallis move his troops to seek reinforcements and protection from the Royal Navy? | \n", - "Virginia coastline | \n", - "1.000000 | \n", + "What impact does temperature have on the variability of hunter-gatherer tool kits? | \n", + "increased variability of tools | \n", + "temperature increases variability huntergatherer tool kits | \n", + "0.341771 | \n", "
| 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | \n", - "The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as \"Lucky Cloud\". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe. | \n", - "What is the Olympic Torch made from? | \n", - "aluminum. | \n", - "What material is the Olympic Torch made from in the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? | \n", - "aluminum | \n", - "0.973508 | \n", + "What was the typical shape and size of town terraced houses during the Georgian architecture period? | \n", + "tall and narrow | \n", + "town terraced houses georgian architecture period typically tall narrow | \n", + "0.359480 | \n", "
| Title | \n", - "Context | \n", - "Question | \n", - "Answer | \n", - "Synthesized Question | \n", - "Predicted Answer | \n", - "Similarity | \n", + "Synthesized Question | \n", + "Cleaned Answer | \n", + "Cleaned Predicted Answer | \n", + "Similarity | \n", "
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute_of_technology | \n", - "The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | \n", - "1735 | \n", - "What year was the Banská Akadémia, the world's first institution of technology, founded in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia? | \n", - "The Banská Akadémia, the world's first institution of technology, was founded in 1735 in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia. | \n", - "0.211984 | \n", + "What kind of nutritional value do processed foods have in comparison to their fresh variants, considering the impact of processing techniques on nutrient content as described in the context of nutrition? | \n", + "reduced | \n", + "processed foods generally reduced nutritional value compared fresh foods | \n", + "0.156578 | \n", "
| Film_speed | \n", - "The standard specifies how speed ratings should be reported by the camera. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is higher than the saturation-based speed, the noise-based speed should be reported, rounded downwards to a standard value (e.g. 200, 250, 320, or 400). The rationale is that exposure according to the lower saturation-based speed would not result in a visibly better image. In addition, an exposure latitude can be specified, ranging from the saturation-based speed to the 10:1 noise-based speed. If the noise-based speed (40:1) is lower than the saturation-based speed, or undefined because of high noise, the saturation-based speed is specified, rounded upwards to a standard value, because using the noise-based speed would lead to overexposed images. The camera may also report the SOS-based speed (explicitly as being an SOS speed), rounded to the nearest standard speed rating. | \n", - "What is another speed that can also be reported by the camera? | \n", - "SOS-based speed | \n", - "What is another speed, besides the noise-based and saturation-based speeds, that can also be reported by the camera according to the film speed standards? | \n", - "Another speed that can be reported by the camera according to film speed standards is the SOS-based speed. | \n", - "0.668879 | \n", + "Where was very expensive wallpaper imported from during the Georgian architectural period? | \n", + "China | \n", + "georgian architectural period expensive wallpaper primarily imported france china french wallpapers particularly made intricate designs luxurious materials highly sought wealthy elite britain additionally chinese wallpapers often featuring elaborate patterns rich colors became popular time well importation wallpapers reflected trends interior design desire opulence among upper classes georgian society | \n", + "0.206612 | \n", "
| Sumer | \n", - "The most impressive and famous of Sumerian buildings are the ziggurats, large layered platforms which supported temples. Sumerian cylinder seals also depict houses built from reeds not unlike those built by the Marsh Arabs of Southern Iraq until as recently as 400 CE. The Sumerians also developed the arch, which enabled them to develop a strong type of dome. They built this by constructing and linking several arches. Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails. | \n", - "Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer? | \n", - "Sumerian temples and palaces | \n", - "Where were the advanced materials and techniques, such as buttresses and arches, used in the construction of temples and palaces in Sumer? | \n", - "In Sumer, advanced materials and techniques such as buttresses and arches were used in the construction of temples and palaces. | \n", - "0.720199 | \n", + "According to Hayek, limited government power through the Rule of Law does not stultify individual efforts by ad hoc action. What does this mean for people's ability to make investments and future plans? | \n", + "frustrate his efforts | \n", + "according hayek limited government power rule law allows individuals make wise investments future plans confidence prevents government frustrating efforts | \n", + "0.218238 | \n", "
| Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | \n", - "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. | \n", - "Who is elected every even numbered year? | \n", - "mayor | \n", - "Who is elected as mayor in Ann Arbor every even-numbered year? | \n", - "The mayor elected in Ann Arbor every even-numbered year is Christopher Taylor. | \n", - "0.436078 | \n", + "What does the Sanskrit term \"Karma,\" which translates to \"action\" or \"work,\" refer to in the context of Buddhism? | \n", + "action, work | \n", + "buddhism karma refers force drives saṃsāra involving actions body speech mind spring mental intent produce consequences | \n", + "0.282605 | \n", "
| John_von_Neumann | \n", - "Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that while the technical obstacles were sizable, they could be overcome in time. The SM-65 Atlas passed its first fully functional test in 1959, two years after his death. The feasibility of an ICBM owed as much to improved, smaller warheads as it did to developments in rocketry, and his understanding of the former made his advice invaluable. | \n", - "What was the purpose of top secret ICBM committee? | \n", - "decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon | \n", - "What was the purpose of the top secret ICBM committee that John von Neumann headed shortly before his death? | \n", - "The purpose of the top secret ICBM committee headed by John von Neumann was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. | \n", - "0.674016 | \n", + "Who is elected as mayor every even-numbered year in Ann Arbor, Michigan? | \n", + "mayor | \n", + "christopher taylor | \n", + "0.288215 | \n", "
| Pope_Paul_VI | \n", - "Some critiqued Paul VI's decision; the newly created Synod of Bishops had an advisory role only and could not make decisions on their own, although the Council decided exactly that. During the pontificate of Paul VI, five such synods took place, and he is on record of implementing all their decisions. Related questions were raised about the new National Bishop Conferences, which became mandatory after Vatican II. Others questioned his Ostpolitik and contacts with Communism and the deals he engaged in for the faithful. | \n", - "What conferences became a requirement after Vatican II? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences | \n", - "What National Bishop Conferences became a requirement after Vatican II during the pontificate of Pope Paul VI? | \n", - "National Bishop Conferences became a requirement after Vatican II during the pontificate of Pope Paul VI. | \n", - "0.609849 | \n", + "What impact does temperature have on the variability of hunter-gatherer tool kits? | \n", + "increased variability of tools | \n", + "temperature leads increased variability huntergatherer tool kits | \n", + "0.314088 | \n", "
| Spectre_(2015_film) | \n", - "Bond and Swann return to London where they meet M, Bill Tanner, Q, and Moneypenny; they intend to arrest C and stop Nine Eyes from going online. Swann leaves Bond, telling him she cannot be part of a life involving espionage, and is subsequently kidnapped. On the way, the group is ambushed and Bond is kidnapped, but the rest still proceed with the plan. After Q succeeds in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online, a brief struggle between M and C ends with the latter falling to his death. Meanwhile, Bond is taken to the old MI6 building, which is scheduled for demolition, and frees himself. Moving throughout the ruined labyrinth, he encounters a disfigured Blofeld, who tells him that he has three minutes to escape the building before explosives are detonated or die trying to save Swann. Bond finds Swann and the two escape by boat as the building collapses. Bond shoots down Blofeld's helicopter, which crashes onto Westminster Bridge. As Blofeld crawls away from the wreckage, Bond confronts him but ultimately leaves him to be arrested by M. Bond leaves the bridge with Swann. | \n", - "Who does M fight with? | \n", - "C | \n", - "Who does M struggle with during the events of the film Spectre (2015)? | \n", - "M struggles with C during the events of the film Spectre (2015). | \n", - "0.401223 | \n", + "When did Tajiks begin to be conscripted into the Soviet Army, particularly during the lead-up to and including World War II? | \n", + "1939 | \n", + "tajiks began conscripted soviet army 1939 | \n", + "0.329919 | \n", "
| Antarctica | \n", - "About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as Cryomyces minteri. Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals. | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been found on Antarctica? | \n", - "1150 | \n", - "How many species of fungi have been recorded in Antarctica, including both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming species? | \n", - "About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded in Antarctica, including both non-lichen-forming and lichen-forming species. | \n", - "-0.030656 | \n", + "What are the implications of measuring heterosexuality and homosexuality on separate scales instead of the same scale, as discussed in the context of the Kinsey scale in the study of sexual orientation? | \n", + "they act as tradeoffs such, whereby to be more feminine one had to be less masculine and vice versa | \n", + "measuring heterosexuality homosexuality separate scales allows independent determination orientations enabling individuals identify heterosexual homosexual simultaneously | \n", + "0.330656 | \n", "
| North_Carolina | \n", - "In the Battle of Cowan's Ford, Cornwallis met resistance along the banks of the Catawba River at Cowan's Ford on February 1, 1781, in an attempt to engage General Morgan's forces during a tactical withdrawal. Morgan had moved to the northern part of the state to combine with General Greene's newly recruited forces. Generals Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present-day Greensboro on March 15, 1781. Although the British troops held the field at the end of the battle, their casualties at the hands of the numerically superior Continental Army were crippling. Following this \"Pyrrhic victory\", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect his battered army. This decision would result in Cornwallis' eventual defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, later in 1781. The Patriots' victory there guaranteed American independence. | \n", - "After losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornawallis moved his troops where? | \n", - "Virginia coastline | \n", - "After losing the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, where did Cornwallis move his troops to seek reinforcements and protection from the Royal Navy? | \n", - "After losing the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornwallis moved his troops to the Virginia coastline to seek reinforcements and protection from the Royal Navy. | \n", - "0.452992 | \n", + "What is the size of the Matthaei Botanical Gardens located in Ann Arbor, Michigan? | \n", + "300 acres | \n", + "matthaei botanical gardens ann arbor michigan covers area approximately 300 acres | \n", + "0.385660 | \n", "
| 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | \n", - "The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as \"Lucky Cloud\". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe. | \n", - "What is the Olympic Torch made from? | \n", - "aluminum. | \n", - "What material is the Olympic Torch made from in the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? | \n", - "The Olympic Torch used in the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay is made from aluminum. | \n", - "0.585265 | \n", + "What term did Europeans use to refer to the Ottoman Empire during the mid-19th century? | \n", + "the \"sick man\" | \n", + "sick man europe | \n", + "0.451294 | \n", "