Of the 138 applicants (46.0%) who cited 1 or more publications, there were 5 misrepresentations (3.6%). These included 1 article not found in the cited journal, 1 journal that could not be found, 1 article in which the applicant was not listed as an author, and 2 instances in which the applicants were not in the same positions of authorship (listed as lead authors but actually second authors). The misrepresentation rate was 1.9% among US graduates and 8.8% among graduates of international medical schools.