. The Italian schools were most likely to involve the food and nutrition policy in pedagogical activities (P = 0·004), to serve nutritional school meals (P<0·001) and to recommend children to eat healthily (P<0·001). In the three countries, the non-organic schools were less likely to adopt a food and nutrition policy (P<0·001), a WHO health-promoting policy (P<0·001) and have a canteen (P = 0·017) than the organic schools.