Both groups had a similar rate of smoking, hypertension, a positive family history, and hypercholesterolemia. Coronary calcification was observed in 28.2% of the 78 women studied. The prevalence of coronary calcium was significantly lower among HRT users: six of the 47 (14.6%), compared with 16 of the 37 nonusers (43.2%) (P<.01). The recorded risk factors had no effect on the prevalence of coronary calcium