.0; 95% confidence interval, 7.6-45.9; p<.001). In a dose-dependence analysis, we found that patients receiving>or = 3 red blood cell transfusions had a similar prevalence of nosocomial infections compared with those receiving one to two red blood cell transfusions (61% vs. 44%, p = .365), but greater mortality (22% vs. 0%, p = .04)