Ibn Khaldun ( ; Arabic: أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي‎ ‎ , "Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī" ; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406) was a North African Arab historiographer and historian.