81232018238.... Social class was the only socioeconomic variable identified in the group with the highest probability of psychiatric morbidity (“high” cluster), which shows a trend of higher prevalence among the lower social classes, with a significant prevalence ratio of 1.76 in classes D or E.
In the cut-off point group, only schooling was important as a socioeconomic variable, with evidence of consistently increasing prevalence as schooling decreases. Consequently, women with worse economic or socially underprivileged conditions should experience greater mental suffering. With these data, we can assume that lower unemployment rates, increased education and access to more privileged classes would improve mental health. Each of these variables has a different influence on each group considered.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-790X200200.... This association was also found in the “high” cluster, but with greater magnitude. Thus, we infer that the influence of smoking occurred mainly among women with the highest SRQ, and not in intermediate values, as the cut-off point methodology might suggest.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-2085201000.... With the cut-off point criterion, CMD was associated with the behavioral variable of heavy alcohol use (> 30g alcohol/day). This relationship was not shown in the analysis according to the clusters, which demonstrates that the analysis based on the traditional cut-off point found different results on account of submitting women with different values of SRQ+ (which could vary from 7 to 20) to the same analysis.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.01.... Though the literature indicates an association between CMD and chronic conditions with the traditional cut-off point, this study only found an association with these conditions in the higher SRQ group (“high”). This finding suggests that measures that optimize chronic disease management may have an impact among women with higher psychiatric morbidity. In the “high” cluster, the concomitance of behavioral factors (smoking and physical inactivity) with health and disease variables (negative self-perception of health and chronic diseases) was clearly characterized.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.201..., there are different combinations between depressive, anxious and somatic symptoms, which impacts on the demand for health services. In this sample, digestive symptoms motivated a greater number of medical appointments than the SRQ-20 score itself or depressive symptoms. Thus, these digestive symptoms require special care and attention to complex interpretations arising from the expressed symptoms, in order to better understand this demand.
In summary, considering the associated factors found, the “low” cluster is comprised mostly of women who are older, more educated, physically active, and have a work history, positive self-perception of health and a tendency to have few medical appointments. The “high” cluster consists of women who are from the lower classes, smokers, physically inactive and have chronic diseases and a negative self-perception of health. Women with a tendency to seek more for medical appointments, intermediate SRQ-20 values and greater expression of digestive symptoms in general belong in the middle-digestive cluster. The middle-depressive cluster, also with intermediate SRQ-20 values, is comprised of young women who report symptoms more consistent with the depressive sphere. The cut-off point group is comprised of younger women who are heavy alcoholics and smokers, physically inactive, have low education, a self-perception of poor health and a greater tendency to require medical appointments.
This study, which used latent class cluster analysis, presents a fresh, one-of-a-kind perspective on CMD and associated factors. The characterization of subgroups, defined by the response profile of the SRQ-20 instrument, allowed finding particular associated factors, which provides more specific results. In this perspective, and considering the relevance of the subject, further studies using this methodology are necessary.
Goldberg DP, Huxley P. Common mental disorders: a bio-social model. New York: Tavistock Books; 1992.
Soldera M, Ribeiro CL. Consumo e dependência de álcool. In: Barros MBA, Cesar CLG, Carandina L, Goldbaum M, organizadores. As dimensões da saúde: inquérito populacional em Campinas. São Paulo: Hucitec; 2008.
Bastos JLD, Durquia RP. Um dos delineamentos mais empregados em epidemiologia: estudo transversal. Sci Med. 2007;17(4):229-32.
Funding: The background study “Condições de Vida e Saúde de Mulheres Adultas: Estudo de Base Populacional no Vale dos Sinos – Avaliação após 10 anos” was funded with the aid of Notice MCTI/CNPQ/Universal 14/2014.
Authors’ contribution: Study design and planning: CZG, JSDC, MTAO. Data collection, analysis and interpretation: MCF, MBAB. Drafting or revision of unpublished study: CZG, JSDC, VMVP. Approval of final version: all authors. Public responsibility for the content of the published study: all authors.
Table 1 Factor analysis using a tetrachoric matrix.
a Digestive factor: variable with values between 0-2, according to factorial findings in the sample.
b Depressive factor: variable with values between 0-10, according to factorial findings in the sample.
a Retired / On leave: this category included women who are retired, on medical or maternity or receiving a government allowance. The numbers in bold refer to significant variables (p < 0.05) in each group considered.
a Retired / On leave: this category included women who are retired, on medical or maternity leave or receiving a government allowance.
Table 5 Associated factors in relation to intermediate clusters.
a The only significant variable in cluster 2.
b The only significant variable in cluster 3.Discussion in 'College Football' started by sears3820, Apr 12, 2004.
Johnson is one of the top running backs in the Sunshine State for the Class of 2005. He had 1,358 yards and 15 touchdowns on only 153 carries.
He lists Miami, Oklahoma, Florida, LSU, and Ohio State in that order in his most recent update on Insiders (4/12). His top 5 have changed since the last update (3/1). He grew up a Miami fan.
In a past Insiders' update he listed Maurice Clarett as someone he likes.
"I like Maurice Clarett," said Johnson. "My strengths are good field vision, and I'm very strong."
EDIT: No news after April 12, 2004 - if you have any info, please update.<gh_stars>0
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});The American West is being ravaged by wildfires. The Atlantic region is seeing a record number of named hurricanes in a season. Floods in the Midwest have impacted crop yields. For decades, we have been warned of the dangers that climate change will bring, but U.S. policymakers have failed to effectively mitigate these risks by building resilience and dramatically lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
The good news is that the American public supports policy action on climate now more than ever. And while partisan divides continue to block climate action, engagement is growing among young Americans from across the political spectrum. Progressive groups such as The Sunrise Movement and Fire Drill Fridays aren’t the only organizations driving the youth climate movement. Young conservatives are also calling on their political leaders to enact pragmatic, market-based solutions to tackle climate change, arguing that the Republican Party stands to lose an entire generation of voters by ignoring the issue.
“For the Republican Party not to engage on climate change is a huge loss,” Benji Backer, president and founder of the American Conservation Coalition (ACC), the nation’s largest conservative environmental organization, told the Political Climate podcast this week.
Why This Matters: Climate and environmental policies have been primarily driven by Democratic policymakers over the last few decades, but were originally widely bipartisan. Research shows that in the 1980s, oil and gas companies successfully sowed doubt within the Republican Party about the science of climate change. However, extreme weather events are now vindicating scientific projections with disastrous consequences, while youth within the Republican Party say they are strongly supportive of principled action on clean energy, modern infrastructure, environmental protection and other ways of reducing emissions to address climate change.
Republicans Stepping Up? While there may be some disappointment, Backer strongly believes that leaders from both major political parties will need to be at the table in order to create effective climate solutions for the future. He said that a growing number of Republican lawmakers are now doing just that, pointing to state-level climate policies put in place under Republican governors in Maryland, Massachusetts and New Hampshire.
Backer says other federal, state and local leaders are also stepping up