 various network applications. The basic idea of the difference retrieving problem is that each member of a node pair has an object set and seeks to find all differences between the two remote sets. There are many methods for retrieving difference sets, such as the standard Bloom filter (SBF), counting Bloom filter (CBF), and invertible Bloom filter (IBF). In these methods, based on the standard Bloom filter or its variants, each node represents its objects using a standard Bloom filter or other Bloom filter, which is then exchanged. A receiving node retrieves different objects between the two sets according to the received SBF, CBF, or IBF. We propose a new algorithm for retrieving differences that finds differences between remote sets using counting Bloom filters' deletion operation. The theoretical analyses and experimental results show that the differences can be retrieved efficiently. Only a very small number of differences are missing in the retrieving process, and this false negative rate can be decreased to 0% by adjusting the counting Bloom filter's parameters.
For the problem of resource load forecasting in cloud computing, the optimized bat algorithm is combined with SVM for forecasting. Firstly, the bat algorithm adopts the reverse learning strategy for population initialization, and secondly, the weighting factor in the particle swarm optimization is used for individual optimization. Finally, the individual is selected using the Gaussian mutation method. Two important parameters in the SVM are optimized using the improved algorithm. In the simulation experiment, the SVM is optimized by the particle swarm optimization and compared with the genetic algorithm optimizing SVM, and a better forecasting effect is obtained.
In view of the low efficiency of task scheduling in cloud computing, this paper introduces the cuckoo algorithm to optimize task scheduling. Firstly, the cloud computing task scheduling model is established. Secondly, the particle swarm algorithm and quantum algorithm are introduced for the short search ability of the cuckoo algorithm and the low precision of optimization. The cuckoo is fixed as a "particle" in the search direction in three-dimensional space, so that it cannot be randomly offset. Through the binary algorithm, the particle can be made faster by having the Levy flight randomly generate the step size. The optimal solution direction moves, which speeds up the convergence speed of the algorithm and avoids the blindness in the search process. By using four classical benchmark functions, the simulation results show that the improved algorithm has better performance and improves the efficiency of task scheduling and scheduling under cloud computing.
Data analysis is a common and essential process of determining the main driving factors of hybrid information principal components for rural land circulation management. To solve the existing hybrid information regarding the problem of rural land circulation in China, the main driving factors need to be confirmed based on gray relation algorithmic models in the paper. Five types of gray relation algorithmic models are adopted for hybrid Information principal component analysis for rural land circulation, such as the Deng’s gray relation algorithmic model, gray absolute relation algorithmic model, T-type gray relation algorithmic model, improved gray relation algorithmic model, and gray slope relation algorithmic model. According to our collected data, the results of data analysis comparison illustrate that different gray relation algorithms may affect the order of the importance of each driving factor. The most critical driving factors are obtained as follows: the rate of non-agricultural income, the ratio of signed contracts and the ratio of peasants’ spontaneous taking part in rural land circulation, which are also the most three main driving factors on the Chinese rural land circulation management.
In view of the importance and the high cost of effective software fault localization, how to improve the effectiveness of the software fault localization has become an important and persistent issue in software engineering. Featuring simple operation and high popularity, the spectrum-based fault localization technique obtains program spectrum information by executing test cases on the program and then calculates the suspiciousness of each statement, which provides a basis for the programmers to debug. This paper proposed CFNorm, a new fault localization parameter, which can be obtained by processing the column data of the spectrum information matrix. CFNorm emphasizes and amplifies the role of NCF (the number of times a statement is executed by failed test cases) to optimize the traditional fault localization technique for better fault localization. Three fault localization techniques were selected to be used in an experiment involving 111 versions of Siemens Suite. The results showed that the effectiveness of fault localization was significantly improved with the increase in the weight of CFNorm over a certain range.
Widely applied in various fields, deep learning (DL) is becoming the key driving force in the industry. Although it has achieved great success in artificial intelligence tasks, similar to traditional software, it has defects involving unpredictable accidents and losses due to failure. To ensure the quality of DL software, adequate testing needs to be carried out. In this paper, we propose a test set augmentation technique based on an adversarial example generation algorithm for image classification deep neural networks (DNNs). It can generate a large number of useful test cases, especially when test cases are insufficient. We briefly introduce the adversarial example generation algorithm and implement the framework of our method. We conduct experiments on classic DNN models and datasets. We further evaluate the test set by using a coverage metric based on states of the DNN.
The Android system is an open source mobile operating system that has been released in numerous versions. Android fragmentation is becoming more and more serious. This paper shows how different Android runtime environments affect test coverage results. To address this limitation, we run apps on all Android versions to collect coverage rate and also present an algorithm to generate equivalent test runtime-environment-set to exercise mobile apps. Our approach is to systematically test the targeted code of Android apps based on code analysis. It analyzes the decompiled code that identifies the code related to the Android SDK version and then generates the corresponding test cases. An empirical study of the practical usefulness of the technique is presented for six widely-used industrial apps. The test result shows that our equivalence test runtime-environment-set only requires less than half of all versions, which dramatically reduces the test resources. Moreover, the method coverage of these applications increased by an average of 49.3% on all versions and 46.8% on equivalent test runtime-environment-set, respectively.When I started to write about my travels, I had no idea what I was getting myself into. While researching for articles about long-term travel, I eventually came across the term ‘digital nomads’. Here is a post on one of my first encounters with digital nomads. Today, one year after starting my blog, I find myself on a cruise ship with 200 digital nomads, crossing the Atlantic Ocean. This post is about why the Nomad Cruise event was not only an economically affordable and relaxing way to get from Colombia to Portugal, but also a very beneficial experience in terms of work.
The concept of digital nomadism is straightforward. You earn your living online through remote work or freelancing jobs, travelling around the world as you go. Most digital nomads live outside of their home country for more than the half of the year, while others travel non-stop and have reached a location independent lifestyle with no fixed boundaries. The advanced version of a digital nomad is a location-independent entrepreneur. He/she runs an online business and manages it from anywhere in the world while being on workation. No wonder there was a huge demand for the Nomad Cruise event, as it’s just a smart way to combine transportation, work and vacation.
When I chose to leave my job in 2011 in order to see what else life would have to offer, I did not know about the option of becoming location independent or a digital nomad. It just so happened to work out that my skills as a PR/Marketing consultant are easily applied to remote work and freelance offers. In fact, I’m still amused by the fact that something that I started by accident, with no long-term intentions, now has an official term that also defines a steady-growing crowd of people. I talked to many other digital nomads during the Nomad Cruise and they all confirmed the same: we all started our ‘thing’ and later found out about the concept.
Last moments in Cartagena’s harbour before we set off for our journey.
After almost five years of traveling and working around the world, either solo or with my partner, the decision to group up and get to know other digital nomads was big. As much as I like the idea of individualism, and don’t usually tend to participate in group activities or tours, this cruise though sounded just too perfect to not join! The package included two weeks of workshops, networking, partying, relaxing at the pool while cruising towards Europe for less than the price of a flight ticket. If you have the time to jump on board, it’s definitely a great deal!
Getting some work done in one of the bars…I liked this one a lot because of the ocean view!
Life on a cruise ship – luckily we went with Nomad Cruise!
One of my favourite spots: in the back of the ship there were usually few people and gorgeous views to enjoy the sunshine!
Even though we enjoyed the relaxing part of cruise ship life, we were actually really grateful to get our main ‘entertainment’ from the many inspiring workshops, talks and networking events organised by the team of Nomad Cruise. There was a great deal of savvy entrepreneurs and freelancers amongst the participants who shared their knowledge and experiences on how they make it happen to work remotely while traveling the world.
To inspire and help each other: great workshops filled our days with interesting content!
It was refreshing to be among other people who embrace the location independent lifestyle, and think in a different way. It became very obvious to me that this type of lifestyle has a huge potential to attract more and more people over time. I think, for most digital nomads on the cruise, that this lifestyle is not just a phase, but has become the reality that they will keep up for a very long time, possibly for the rest of their lives