2020

## Demand For Grants 2020-21 Analysis Petroleum And Natural Gas

The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas is concerned with exploration and production of oil and natural gas, refining, distribution and marketing, import and export, and conservation of petroleum products.  The Ministry has been allocated Rs 42,901 crore for 2020-21.  The allocation for the ministry has remained unchanged from the allocation from the revised estimates for the year 2019-20. 

Note:  Figures for 2019-20 are Revised Estimates and for 2020- 21 are Budget Estimates. Sources:  Union Budget 2020-21; PRS. 

The Ministry's expenditure, historically, has been following the trend in global crude oil prices.  The crude oil prices have risen steadily from 28 USD/barrel in January 2016 to 80 USD/barrel in October 2018, before showing a volatile trend thereafter.  The global crude oil price was 66 USD/barrel in December 2019. 

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Note that the price of petrol and diesel in India is 
higher compared to neighbouring nations, such as 
Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Nepal.  On the other hand, 
the price of Kerosene is lower in India, compared 
to these nations.  

Note:  Price as on November 1, 2019.  Petrol, Diesel price is 
the price at Delhi, whereas price for Kerosene is the price at 
Mumbai.    
Sources:  Oil Industry Information at a Glance, Petroleum 
Planning and Analysis Cell, November 2019; PRS.  

Rise in crude oil prices usually also leads to rise in 
under-recoveries.  Under-recovery refers to the 
difference in the cost of producing petroleum 
products, and the price at which they are delivered 
to consumers.  It indicates the loss incurred by oil 
marketing companies while supplying these 
products.  Central government compensates the oil 
marketing companies by sharing some of this 
incurred loss through a burden sharing 
mechanism.  Figure 4 shows the trend of under-
recoveries with the price of global crude oil. 

 

## Overview Of Finances

Table 1: Allocation for the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (in Rs Crore) 
Major Head 
Actual 18-19 
Revised 19-20 
Budgeted 20-21 
% change (RE to BE) 
LPG subsidy 
20,268 
34,086 
37,256 
9.3% 
Kerosene subsidy 
4,569 
4,483 
3,659 
-18.4% 
PDH pipeline 
1,207 
1,552 
728 
-53.1% 
NSP 
1,300 
575 
207 
-64.0% 
Others 
5,027 
2,206 
1,051 
-52.4% 
Total 
32,371 
42,901 
42,901 
0.0% 

Note:  NSP = National Seismic Programme. 

Sources:  Union Budget Documents 2020-21; PRS. 

LPG Subsidy:  The Ministry provides subsidy on LPG cylinders to beneficiaries.  Prior to 2013, this subsidy was provided in the form of subsidized cylinders.  Following the launch of the PAHAL scheme in 2013, this subsidy is directly credited to the bank accounts of the beneficiary.1  In 2020-21, the Ministry is estimated to spend Rs 37,256 crore on LPG subsidy, which is 9.3% higher than the revised estimates of 2019-20. 

Kerosene Subsidy:  The Ministry provides subsidized kerosene through the Public Distribution System (PDS).  In 2020-21, the Ministry has allocated Rs 3,659 crore for Kerosene subsidy, which is 18.4% lower than the revised estimates of 2019-20. 

PDH Pipeline:  The Phulpur-Dhamra-Haldia 
(PDH) Pipeline is being developed by GAIL India to transport natural gas.2  The project will connect five states to the National Gas Grid.  In 2020-21, Rs 728 crore has been allocated for the project. 

National Seismic Programme:  The Ministry is conducting a seismic survey of all sedimentary basins of India, where such data is available.  The Programme was launched in October 2016 with an estimated expenditure of Rs 5,000 crore.3  The Programme has been allocated Rs 207 crore for 2020-21.  This is 64% lower than the revised estimates of 2019-20. 

Sources:  Union Budget 2020-21; PRS. 

## Key Issues And Analysis Subsidy On Lpg And Kerosene

The subsidy on LPG is the largest component of 
the Ministry's expenditure, with approximately 
87% of its total budget allocated to it.  For 2020-
21, the budget allocation for LPG subsidy has 
increased by 9.3% from the revised estimate for 
the same in 2019-20.  Further, the revised estimate 
for 2019-20 also marked a 3.3% increase from the 
budgeted estimates of 2019-20.   

The total amount allocated for subsidies in 2020-
21 is Rs 40,915 crore which is a 6% increase from 
the revised estimates of 2019-20 and constitutes 
95% of the total allocation to the ministry. 

 
Sources:  Union Budget Documents; PRS. 

The expenditure on subsidies can be divided in 
three major heads: (i) Direct Benefit Transfer 
(DBT-PAHAL scheme) for LPG and (ii) Pradhan 
Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) scheme for LPG, 
and (iii) Kerosene subsidy.    

Table 2 highlights the expenditure for subsidies in 
the above three heads for 2018-19, revised 
estimate of expenditure for 2019-20 and the 
budgeted allocation for 2020-21.   

| Major Head                          | Actual    |
|-------------------------------------|-----------|
| 18-19                               |           |
| Revised                             |           |
| 19-20                               |           |
| Budgeted                            |           |
| 20-21                               |           |
| % change                            |           |
| (RE to BE)                          |           |
| DBT-PAHAL                           | 16,478    |
| PMUY                                | 3,200     |
| Kerosene                            |           |
| subsidy                             |           |
| 4,569                               | 4,483     |
| Total                               | 24,247    |
| Sources: Union Budget 2020-21; PRS. |           |

## Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana Scheme

According to the National Sample Survey (2011-
12), more than 67% of the rural households in the 
country used firewood as the primary source of 
energy for cooking.4  This is shown in Figure 7.   

The PMUY scheme was launched in May 2016 with the objective of providing LPG connections to women from below poverty line households with a support of Rs.1,600 per connection.5  The scheme aimed to target five crore households, which was later (February 2018) revised to target eight crore households by 2020.6  The ambit of the scheme was also expanded to cover all SC/ST households, beneficiaries of Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Gramin), forest dwellers, backward classes, in addition to households identified under the Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC).6 According to the Ministry, as of September 2019, a total of 8.03 crore PMUY connections were released across 715 districts in the country.  Of these, the maximum connections were released in Uttar Pradesh (1.48 crore), followed by West Bengal (89 lakh) and Bihar (86 lakh). 7  State-wise details on number of connections released under the scheme (as of September 2019 and December 2017) are provided in Table 6 in the Annexure. Nearly all states have seen a rapid increase in connections released under the scheme. The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) submitted a performance audit report on the PMUY scheme in December 2019.  In its Report, CAG found that as of March 31, 2019, 7.2 crore connections were released under the scheme.8   

The CAG also raised concerns related to lack of 
sustained usage of cylinders released under the 
scheme.  As per Ministry data, till December 
2018, there were nearly 5.9 crore beneficiaries 
under the scheme and the total number of refills 
under the scheme was nearly 28.8 crore.9  Figure 9 
highlights the proportion of consumers who opted 
for refill under the scheme.   

75% of consumers opted for a refill under the 
scheme and 57% opted for 3 or more refills (from 
date of getting the connection till December 
2018).  State-wise details (including UTs) on the 
proportion of consumers who opted for refill under 
the scheme are noted in Table 7 in the Annexure.  
The refill proportion was highest in Delhi (97%), 
Haryana (94%), Uttarakhand (88%).  The 
proportion was lowest in Chhattisgarh (48%), 
Jharkhand (56%), Assam and Odisha (64%).       

Sources:  Refill data, PMUY website, Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas; PRS. 

The CAG performance audit report noted that the 
average annual refill rate for PMUY beneficiaries 
is low compared to the refill rate for non-PMUY 
beneficiaries (shown in Figure 10).8  The CAG 
recommended that since the target of releasing 
connections has broadly been achieved, the 
scheme should now be focused towards sustained 
usage of LPG cylinders.  

The Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas (2019) also noted disparity in the average refill of domestic cylinders (6.3 cylinders during last year) and the average refill of LPG cylinders by PMUY beneficiaries (3.1 cylinders).10 It recommended a scheme to incentivise PMUY 
beneficiaries to increase refills of LPG cylinders.  
Further, it recommended that the government should broaden the scope of the scheme to cover poor families residing in urban and semi-urban areas, with eventually aiming to provide LPG connections to all eligible households.10 An assessment report by the Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell (2016) pointed out the key barriers for not applying for LPG connection are: (i) high initial cost, including security deposit / price of gas stove and, (ii) high recurring cost of the cylinder.11  The Report also identified easy availability of firewood in the vicinity of forests as another primary barrier to adoption of LPG.  The top five states where over 40% of the households procure firewood for free are Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Nagaland. The CAG also highlighted issues related to implementation of the scheme.  It noted that there were various cases of: (i) discrepancies in identification of beneficiaries, (ii) delay in installation of connections, (iii) diversion of cylinders for commercial purposes, and (iv) noncompliance with safety standards.8  Further, the CAG noted that there are no parameters under the scheme to assess outcomes related to performance of the scheme (such as improvement in health of women and reduction in air pollution).  It recommended that the Ministry should develop a roadmap to assess these outcomes.   

## Pratyaksha Hastaantarit Laabh (Pahal)

PAHAL Scheme was launched in 2014 (54 districts in first phase) and launched in rest of the country in 2015.12  Under the scheme, a consumer (with annual income up to Rs 10 lakh) can avail Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) cash-subsidy for a LPG cylinder.  The beneficiaries buy LPG cylinders at market rate and subsequently receive subsidy directly in their bank accounts.  The average subsidy per cylinder on domestic LPG during the year 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 (up to 1st half) was Rs 108.8, Rs 173.4 and Rs 219.1, respectively.13  The effective cost of a domestic LPG cylinder (14.24 kg) after DBT subsidy, as of November 2019, was Rs 546.6.14 As of September 2019, nearly 25.7 crore LPG consumers had joined the scheme (state wise details in Annexure).15  Figure 11 below shows cumulative cash transfer and beneficiaries under the scheme for 2014-15 to 2019-20. 

Sources: Direct Benefit Transfer website, accessed on February 8, 2020; PRS. Note: Numbers for a year are cumulative transfers till that year. 

The CAG (in 2019) noted that the coverage of 
LPG in the country has increased from 62% in 
May 2016 to 94.3% in March 2019.8  Table 3 
details the coverage of LPG in the country. 

Households 
As on 
Total connections 
(in crore) 
(in crore) 
Coverage (in %) 
May-16 
16.7 
26.9 
62.0% 
Mar-17 
19.7 
27.3 
72.8% 
Mar-18 
22.4 
27.7 
80.9% 
Mar-19 
26.5 
28.2 
94.3% 

Sources: CAG Performance Audit, December 2019; PRS. 

As per Direct Benefit Transfer web portal, the 
implementation of PAHAL scheme has resulted in 
an estimated savings of Rs 65,661 crore (up to 
December 2019).16  4.54 crore duplicate, fake, 
non-existent and inactive LPG connections have 
been eliminated under the scheme.  The 'GiveItUp' 
campaign was started by the Ministry with the aim 
to motivate consumers who can afford to pay the 
market price for LPG to voluntarily surrender their 
subsidy.17  1.03 crore consumers have opted out of 
the scheme under the 'GiveItUp' campaign (as of 
December 2018).13  

The CAG report on 'Implementation of PAHAL 
Scheme' (2016) noted that the scheme appears to 
have addressed the concern regarding diversion of 
subsidised LPG cylinders to commercial 
consumers.18  However, the risk of diversion of 
nonsubsidised domestic LPG to commercial 
consumers still remains as there is a significant 
difference in the cost of non-subsidised domestic 
LPG and commercial LPG. 

There have also been complaints of supply of 
underweight cylinders and non-transfer of subsidy 
due to deseeding of Aadhaar from payments 
databases.19,20  The consumer has now been given 
the option of receiving subsidy through bank 
account transfer without the use of Aadhaar.  

 

## Kerosene Subsidy

Over the last few years, the Ministry's expenditure on providing subsidy for kerosene has reduced from Rs 7,339 crore in 2015-16 to an estimated Rs 
3,659 crore in 2020-21 (see Figure below).   
Sources: Union Budget Documents; PRS. Note: Figures for 2019-20 are Revised Estimates and Figures for 2020-21 are Budget Estimates.  
Note that the government has stated that with the increase in LPG coverage and electrification in villages, the allocation for kerosene has been rationalised.21  The Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas (2017) had recommended that the Ministry should reduce the expenditure on this subsidy and work towards the eventual withdrawal of the subsidy.22 The Committee noted that an increase in the coverage of LPG beneficiaries is necessary to reduce dependence on kerosene.22  This will result in the usage of cleaner fuel, promote the health of users, and address the problem of adulteration. The Committee also recommended that states should be encouraged to move towards the direct cash transfer of kerosene subsidy to reduce inefficiencies in the delivery.   
Dependence on imports India's import of crude oil has increased from 1,63,775 TMT (Thousand Metric Tons) in 2010- 11 to 2,26,498 TMT in 2018-19.  Crude oil is refined in oil refineries to transform oil into useful petroleum products such as high speed diesel, LPG and kerosene.  These petroleum products are used as raw materials in various sectors and industries such as transport (fuel) and petrochemicals.  Further, they may also be used in factories to operate machinery or fuel generator sets.  In 2018-19, India's total export of petroleum products was 61,096 TMT. Table 4 shows the total import of crude oil and petroleum products, consumption of petroleum products in the country and India's exports of petroleum products for the last 10 years. 

petroleum products in the country (in TMT) 
Crude 
Year 
Oil 
Petroleum 
products 
Petroleum 
products 
imports 
Petroleum 
products 
import 
export 
consumption 
 2010-11  1,63,595 
17,379 
59,077 
1,41,040 
 2011-12  1,71,729 
15,849 
60,837 
1,48,132 
 2012-13  1,84,795 
16,354 
63,408 
1,57,057 
 2013-14  1,89,238 
16,697 
67,864 
1,58,407 
 2014-15  1,89,435 
21,301 
63,932 
1,65,520 
 2015-16  2,02,850 
29,456 
60,539 
1,84,674 
 2016-17  2,13,932 
36,287 
65,513 
1,94,597 
 2017-18  2,20,433 
35,461 
66,833 
2,06,166 
 2018-19  2,26,498 
33,348 
61,096 
2,13,216 
 2019-20  1,68,589 
31,619 
50,055 
1,60,603 

Note: Data for 2019-20 is till December 2019. Sources: Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell; PRS. 

Note that the India's net import (total imports - 
exports) as a fraction of consumption has risen 
from 86.4% in 2010-11 to 93.5% in 2019-20.  
Figure 13 shows the variation of net imports of 
petroleum products as a percentage of total 
consumption in the country.  

 
Sources:  Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell; PRS. 

The Standing Committee on Petroleum and 
Natural Gas (2019) noted that the Middle East 
accounts for more than two-thirds of India's crude 
oil imports, and urged the government to continue 
its crude oil import diversification efforts.10  

For Natural Gas, the total imports as a fraction of 
consumption has risen from 28% in 2011-12 to 
47% in 2018-19.  Figure 14 shows the variation of 
net imports of Natural Gas as a percentage of total 
consumption of Natural Gas. 

 

The Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas (2018) had noted that it does not find any concrete action taken by the ministry and a clear strategy with stipulated timelines to achieve the target of reduction in import dependence by 10% by 2022.23 

## Production And Exploration

India's Crude Oil and Condensate production has fallen from 38,082 TMT in 2011-12 to 34,203 TMT in 2018-19.  Similarly, the production of Natural Gas has fallen from 46,453 MMSCM (Million Metric Standard Cubic Meters) in 2011- 12 to 32,058 MMSCM in 2018-19.  The Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas (2018) also noted that crude oil production has been stagnant for the last few years, which is a matter of serious concern.23 
The Cabinet approved a policy framework for reforms in the exploration and licensing policy for 

oil and gas fields in February 2019.24  The reforms 
aimed to enhance domestic exploration and 
production of oil and gas.  Previously, Cabinet had 
approved policy framework for exploration and 
exploitation of unconventional hydrocarbons such 
as shale oil and gas, and coal bed methane (CBM).  
Note that CBM production in India has shown an 
upward trend. (Figures in Table 5).  

| Year         |   Production (in MMSCM)  |
|--------------|--------------------------|
| 2015-16      |                     1.07 |
| 2016-17      |                     1.54 |
| 2017-18      |                     2.23 |
| 2018-19 (P*) |                     4.93 |
| 2019-20 (P*) |                     6.24 |
| 2020-21 (P*) |                     7.29 |

Sources: Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas, Lok Sabha, Twenty-fifth Report, August 2018; PRS. 

Note: P* = Provisional. 

## Mergers And Disinvestment Of Oil Psus

The government has stated that it proposes to 
create an integrated public sector oil company to 
match the performance of international and 
domestic private sector oil and gas companies.25  

In January 2018, the government entered into an 
agreement with the Oil and Natural Gas 
Corporation (ONGC) for the sale of its 51% equity 
share-holding in Hindustan Petroleum Corporation 
Ltd (for Rs 36,915 crore).26  Through this 
acquisition, ONGC became the country's first 
vertically integrated 'oil major' company, with 
presence across entire value chain.  

Further, in November 2019, the Union Cabinet 
approved disinvestment of its 53.3% share in 
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd along with 
transfer of management control to a strategic 
buyer.27  The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural 
Gas has held that mergers and acquisitions of 
PSUs will result in synergies and optimisation of 
logistics costs and refinery operations.28 

The Standing Committee on Petroleum and 
Natural Gas (2017) noted that the creation of a 'oil 
major' will be helpful to strengthen balance sheet 
of PSUs.29  Further, it would lead to sharing of 
skills and research and development, and improve 
overall competitiveness of oil PSUs on global 
stage.  However, the Committee recommended 
that the government needs to proceed with caution 
as there are several challenges such as integration 
of human resources and creating synergies in 
companies having diverse operations.   

                                                                                                                                                                      
9 Refill Data, Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, accessed on February 6, 2020, https://pmuy.gov.in/registereduser.html. 101st Report of the Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas on the Demands for Grants of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (2019-20), December 2019, http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Petroleum%20&%20Natural%20Gas/17_Petroleum_And_Natural_Gas_1.pdf 11 Assessment report: Primary survey on household cooking fuel usage and willingness to convert to LPG, Petroleum Planning & Analysis Cell, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, June 2016, http://ppac.org.in/WriteReadData/Reports/201710310449342512219PrimarySurveyReportPPAC.pdf. 12 PAHAL-Direct Benefits Transfer for LPG(DBTL) Consumers Scheme, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, http://petroleum.nic.in/dbt/whatisdbtl.html. 13 '1.03 crore LPG Consumers have voluntarily Surrendered LPG Subsidy', Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, December 17, 2018. 14 Oil Industry Information at a Glance, Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell, November 2019, https://www.ppac.gov.in/WriteReadData/Reports/201912060336500305462ReadyReckonerNov2019WebVersion.pdf. 15 "Pahal Scheme", Unstarred Question No. 2016, answered on December 6, 2019, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Lok Sabha, http://164.100.24.220/loksabhaquestions/annex/172/AU2106.pdf. 16 Estimated Gains, Direct Benefit Transfer, as accesed on February 8, 2020, https://dbtbharat.gov.in/estimatedgain. 17 'GiveItUp', About the GiveItUp campaign, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, http://www.givitup.in/about.html. 18 CAG Report on Implementation of PAHAL (DBTL) Scheme, Report No. 25 of 2016, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, https://cag.gov.in/sites/default/files/audit_report_files/Union_Commercial_Compliance_Full_Report_25_2016_English.pdf. 19 'DBTL under Implementation in 715 Districts', Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, December 31, 2018. 20 '23.24 Crore Consumers joined Direct Benefit Transfer of LPG subsidies', Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, January 2, 2019. 21 Unstarred Question No. 2295, Lok Sabha, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Answered on January 1, 2018, http://164.100.47.190/loksabhaquestions/annex/13/AU2295.pdf. Natural Gas (2017-18), March 2017, 23 Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas, Lok Sabha, Twenty-fifth Report, August 2018, http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Petroleum%20&%20Natural%20Gas/16_Petroleum_And_Natural_Gas_25.pdf. Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, February 21, 2019.  
26 "The Government of India enters into an agreement with ONGC today for the Strategic Sale of its 51.11% equity share-holding in HPCL at a consideration of Rs. 36,915 crore", Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Finance, January 20, 2018. 27 "Cabinet approves strategic disinvestment of CPSE", Press Information Bureau, Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs, November 20, 2019. 28 "Acquisition of State PSUs", Unstarred Question No. 871, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Lok Sabha, http://164.100.24.220/loksabhaquestions/annex/15/AU871.pdf. 29 Standing Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas, Lok Sabha, Eighteenth Report, March 2017, http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Petroleum%20&%20Natural%20Gas/16_Petroleum_And_Natural_Gas_18.pdf. DISCLAIMER: This document is being furnished to you for your information.  You may choose to reproduce or redistribute this report for non-commercial purposes in part or in full to any other person with due acknowledgement of PRS Legislative Research ("PRS").  The opinions expressed herein are entirely those of the author(s).  PRS makes every effort to use reliable and comprehensive information, but PRS does not represent that the contents of the report are accurate or complete.  PRS is an independent, not-for-profit group.  This document has been prepared without regard to the objectives or opinions of those who may receive it. 

## Annexure

Table 6: Number of connections released under PMUY scheme 
Sr. No. 
State/UT 
PMUY connections (as of 
PMUY connections (as of 
December 2017) 
September 2019) 
Total LPG 
consumers 
1 
Andaman & Nicobar Islands 
1,697 
13,103 
1,07,101 
2 
Andhra Pradesh 
79,743 
3,90,998 
1,34,65,372 
3 
Arunachal Pradesh 
3,985 
44,668 
2,59,205 
4 
Assam 
5,78,494 
34,93,730 
70,29,230 
5 
Bihar 
44,81,284 
85,71,668 
1,73,25,775 
6 
Chandigarh 
NA 
88 
2,75,875 
7 
Chhattisgarh 
17,35,640 
29,98,629 
51,45,256 
8 
Dadra and Nagar Haveli 
11,437 
14,438 
88,164 
9 
Daman and Diu 
201 
427 
61,314 
10 
Delhi 
519 
77,051 
48,61,826 
11 
Goa 
978 
1,082 
4,87,619 
12 
Gujarat 
12,32,009 
29,07,682 
1,03,71,353 
13 
Haryana 
3,44,195 
7,30,702 
67,31,527 
14 
Himachal Pradesh 
23,074 
1,36,084 
18,25,405 
15 
Jammu and Kashmir 
3,57,855 
12,03,246 
31,54,279 
16 
Jharkhand 
9,98,804 
32,93,035 
55,80,576 
17 
Karnataka 
7,86,370 
31,51,238 
1,57,49,694 
18 
Kerala 
28,676 
2,56,303 
86,92,507 
19 
Lakshadweep 
108 
292 
7,981 
20 
Madhya Pradesh 
30,16,371 
71,79,224 
1,48,30,583 
21 
Maharashtra 
16,87,784 
44,37,624 
2,71,42,633 
22 
Manipur 
20,415 
1,56,195 
5,39,943 
23 
Meghalaya 
21,756 
1,50,664 
3,14,088 
24 
Mizoram 
579 
28,123 
2,93,998 
25 
Nagaland 
7,021 
55,143 
2,58,493 
26 
Odisha 
18,59,230 
47,50,478 
85,09,322 
27 
Puducherry 
2,116 
13,566 
3,70,292 
28 
Punjab 
3,63,372 
12,25,067 
83,65,306 
29 
Rajasthan 
24,48,313 
63,92,482 
1,60,92,755 
30 
Sikkim 
545 
8,747 
1,40,838 
31 
Tamil Nadu 
8,52,810 
32,43,190 
2,08,73,136 
32 
Telangana 
41 
10,75,202 
1,07,35,477 
33 
Tripura 
27,555 
2,72,323 
7,30,963 
34 
Uttar Pradesh 
63,27,936 
1,47,86,745 
3,96,08,333 
35 
Uttarakhand 
1,32,729 
4,04,703 
25,83,171 
36 
West Bengal 
48,05,919 
88,76,053 
2,18,07,612 
 
Total 
3,22,39,561 
8,03,39,993 
27,44,17,002 

Sources: State-wise PMUY connections released, Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, as accessed on February 10, 2020; Unstarred Question No. 1093, answered on December 27, 2017, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Rajya Sabha; Unstarred Question No. 182, answered on November 18, 2019, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Rajya Sabha; PRS. 


State/UT 
Total connections 
No. of consumers 
who have taken 3 
% of consumers 
who came for 3 or 
till 2018 
No. of consumers 
who came for refill 
% of consumers 
who came for refill 
or more refills 
more refill 
Andaman and Nicobar 
7,294 
5,935 
4,770 
81.4% 
65.4% 
Andhra Pradesh 
1,93,104 
1,57,171 
1,14,878 
81.4% 
59.5% 
Arunachal Pradesh 
36,818 
29,155 
21,875 
79.2% 
59.4% 
Assam 
23,68,650 
15,15,196 
10,19,589 
64.0% 
43.0% 
Bihar 
69,98,869 
56,48,273 
45,10,597 
80.7% 
64.4% 
Chandigarh 
46 
33 
28 
71.7% 
60.9% 
Chhattisgarh 
26,53,521 
12,66,113 
8,17,612 
47.7% 
30.8% 
Dadra and Nagar Haveli 
13,012 
12,522 
9,125 
96.2% 
70.1% 
Daman and Diu 
412 
400 
330 
97.1% 
80.1% 
Delhi 
63,894 
61,698 
58,568 
96.6% 
91.7% 
Goa 
1,052 
1,019 
949 
96.9% 
90.2% 
Gujarat 
19,07,333 
16,05,729 
13,44,138 
84.2% 
70.5% 
Haryana 
6,16,511 
5,82,233 
5,24,923 
94.4% 
85.1% 
Himachal Pradesh 
91,071 
78,287 
60,100 
86.0% 
66.0% 
Jammu and Kashmir 
8,46,553 
6,03,958 
3,92,480 
71.3% 
46.4% 
Jharkhand 
24,68,589 
13,89,968 
9,11,168 
56.3% 
36.9% 
Karnataka 
18,35,054 
14,77,278 
11,07,696 
80.5% 
60.4% 
Kerala 
1,56,533 
1,32,512 
96,271 
84.7% 
61.5% 
Lakshadweep 
287 
243 
196 
84.7% 
68.3% 
Madhya Pradesh 
52,98,247 
35,65,379 
24,98,803 
67.3% 
47.2% 
Maharashtra 
34,80,922 
27,32,926 
20,01,046 
78.5% 
57.5% 
Manipur 
1,03,903 
90,939 
77,413 
87.5% 
74.5% 
Meghalaya 
1,32,965 
81,010 
53,192 
60.9% 
40.0% 
Mizoram 
25,080 
21,522 
17,111 
85.8% 
68.2% 
Nagaland 
46,555 
34,979 
24,103 
75.1% 
51.8% 
Odisha 
35,51,904 
22,82,374 
16,33,126 
64.3% 
46.0% 
Puducherry 
12,814 
11,786 
9,949 
92.0% 
77.6% 
Punjab 
11,44,478 
9,49,338 
7,47,130 
82.9% 
65.3% 
Rajasthan 
44,08,608 
36,00,336 
28,05,270 
81.7% 
63.6% 
Sikkim 
5,442 
4,458 
3,393 
81.9% 
62.3% 
Tamil Nadu 
28,07,171 
22,18,648 
15,96,572 
79.0% 
56.9% 
Telangana 
5,22,787 
3,67,634 
2,01,789 
70.3% 
38.6% 
Tripura 
1,89,895 
1,05,446 
71,150 
55.5% 
37.5% 
Uttar Pradesh 
1,00,96,085 
86,30,768 
71,13,651 
85.5% 
70.5% 
Uttarakhand 
2,74,256 
2,41,597 
2,03,801 
88.1% 
74.3% 
West Bengal 
68,94,558 
51,57,709 
39,85,937 
74.8% 
57.8% 
Total 
5,92,54,273 
4,46,64,572 
3,40,38,729 
75.4% 
57.4% 

Sources: Refill data, PMUY website, Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, accessed on February 6, 2020; PRS. 


| Sr. No.                    | State/UT                    |
|----------------------------|-----------------------------|
| PAHAL scheme consumers     |                             |
| (as on September 20, 2019) |                             |
| 1                          | Andaman and Nicobar Islands |
| 2                          | Andhra Pradesh              |
| 3                          | Arunachal Pradesh           |
| 4                          | Assam                       |
| 5                          | Bihar                       |
| 6                          | Chandigarh                  |
| 7                          | Chhattisgarh                |
| 8                          | Dadra and Nagar Haveli      |
| 9                          | Daman and Diu               |
| 10                         | Delhi                       |
| 11                         | Goa                         |
| 12                         | Gujarat                     |
| 13                         | Haryana                     |
| 14                         | Himachal Pradesh            |
| 15                         | Jammu and Kashmir           |
| 16                         | Jharkhand                   |
| 17                         | Karnataka                   |
| 18                         | Kerala                      |
| 19                         | Lakshadweep                 |
| 20                         | Madhya Pradesh              |
| 21                         | Maharashtra                 |
| 22                         | Manipur                     |
| 23                         | Meghalaya                   |
| 24                         | Mizoram                     |
| 25                         | Nagaland                    |
| 26                         | Odisha                      |
| 27                         | Puducherry                  |
| 28                         | Punjab                      |
| 29                         | Rajasthan                   |
| 30                         | Sikkim                      |
| 31                         | Tamil Nadu                  |
| 32                         | Telangana                   |
| 33                         | Tripura                     |
| 34                         | Uttar Pradesh               |
| 35                         | Uttarakhand                 |
| 36                         | West Bengal                 |
|                            | Total                       |

Sources: "Pahal Scheme", Unstarred Question No. 2016, answered on December 6, 2019, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Lok Sabha; PRS. 
2020