Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: Barriers to services are both real and perceived obstacles that prevent or interfere with access to services. Take-home messages from this survey include the following. First, strategies aimed at improving access and rationale use of psychotropic drugs should receive specific attention, considering that one of the main challenges for mental health services is the need to flexibly adapt to constantly changing population health care needs; this flexibility should be adapted to the local organisation of health care systems, so that different countries may develop different pathways of care to meet similar needs. Second, studies are needed to further elucidate and identify current barriers to mental health care for refugees and asylum seekers hosted in high-income countries, so that effective measures can be implemented. Interventions that can lower these barriers are needed to enable newly settled refugees to access mental health care and receive correct treatment on equal terms with the native population. In particular, successful referrals to mental health professionals should be improved by better care coordination, establishing trust, resolving access barriers and providing culturally competent care. Third, epidemiological research focused on understanding current patterns and trends in health utilisation is recommended (Thomson et al. Reference Thomson, Chaze, George and Guruge2015), so that innovative pathways of care, integrated into the existing systems of care, may be planned and developed. It should be noted, in this regard, that several studies have already collected epidemiological and clinical data on mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers, but most of these studies have been conducted in specific ad hoc services rather than within available systems of public health and mental health care. Lastly, inclusion of a mental health component during initial health care assessment might be seen as an optimal strategy to utilise available resources to reduce the burden of psychological distress and mental illness, as we already know that such an approach would represent a powerful aid to diagnosis (Al-Obaidi et al. Reference Al-Obaidi, West, Fox and Savin2015), and would also help reduce stigma and increase access to mental health care, including better and more rational use of psychotropic drugs. Acknowledgements None. Financial support No financial support was received for this paper from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Conflict of Interest None. Section of Epidemiology and appears in each issue of the Journal to stress the role of the epidemiological approach to promote advances in the field of clinical psychopharmacology, with a particular attention to controversial findings.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Odds are not indicative of a fighter’s actual chances of winning, however, as they take into account a wide array of factors. Aside from the basic money line bet, MMA betting also offers a number of prop bets and parlays (accumulators). Prop bets include wagers on the method of victory and round in which the fight will end. In addition, a bettor can make a hedging bet by placing an over/under bet on the total number of rounds that a fight will last. In order to be a successful MMA bettor, bettors must thoroughly research each match before placing a bet. This includes studying each fighter’s style, past performances, injuries, and weight class. It’s important to note that fighters who lose by KO often change their fighting styles and approach after the loss. This can be a problem for bettors who have placed a bet on a fighter coming off a KO loss, as their new style could prove difficult to predict in the octagon. Moreover, a fighter who has struggled to make weight prior to a fight can be drained on fight night and may not perform as expected. This is especially true for fighters who are battling to avoid a weight cut penalty and have to starve themselves or dehydrate in an attempt to stay under the limit. This can affect their performance and lead to a costly loss for bettors who placed a wager on them. 16/09/2024 by admin1989 Live Casino? Live casino is an immersive gaming experience that combines real-time gaming with the convenience of online gambling. This allows players to interact with a live dealer from the comfort of their own home, creating a sense of community and excitement. The best live casinos use high-quality cameras and equipment to ensure that the games are played as authentically as possible, giving the player the same betting options found in a physical casino. Live dealer casinos feature games such as blackjack, roulette, and baccarat, all of which are popular at traditional brick-and-mortar casinos. The games are streamed to your computer or mobile device via a live video feed and the dealer responds to your actions in real-time. The games have similar house edges and rules to their counterparts in land-based casinos, so you should familiarize yourself with the game before you start playing. Choosing the right game based on your p9. The game is played on a table with a group of players.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: Vegetables growing on the ground contaminated with PAEs or in plastic greenhouses where the air is contaminated with PAEs are the main source of human exposure to PAEs (Zhou et al. , 2021). As mentioned above contamination of vegetables with phthalates varies depending on the type of plant and where it grows. Leafy vegetables growing in greenhouses may absorb PAEs from the air and may have a higher concentration of PAEs than those grown in the open field. There are also differences between leafy vegetables and root vegetables. And also different parts of the same plant (Giuliani et al. , 2020; Zhang, Ma, & Wang, 2023). Studies say that the phthalate content changes in sequence leafy vegetables > root vegetables > > fruits-vegetables > fungus > cauliflower vegetables > > beans (Zhang, Ma, & Wang, 2023). These differences are presented in Table 3. Table 3 Content of PAEs in foodFull size tablePAEs contamination is regional due to their sources which are related to the type of crop (Zhou et al. , 2021). The wastewater/sludge application in agriculture would be a significant source of PAEs in deep soils (X. Cheng et al. , 2015). Other sources of soil contamination are fertilizers and pesticides which are used by farmers (Zhou et al. , 2021), wastewater irrigation (Wang, Chen, et al. , 2015), and plastic mulching films (Li, Chen, et al. , 2016; J. Wang et al. , 2013, 2014; L. Wei et al. , 2020; H. -M. Zhao et al. , 2015). Edible plants can be also contaminated with phthalates during the packaging, transport, and storage when plastic bags are used (Zhang, Ma, & Wang, 2023). Fruits and vegetables in shops may be contaminated with PAEs by labels and tapes. Phthalates may enter the peel and then into the pulp. This process begins immediately and is accelerated by the layer of wax on some fruits, e. g. , apples (Hou et al. , 2021). Sludge organic fertilizers (SOFs) are recognized as the source of PAEs (Hui et al. , 2021). Application of SOFs may lead to the accumulation of PAEs in soil increasing the environmental hazard. SOFs that contain up to 15.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: Barriers and facilitators to access mental health services among refugee women in high-income countries: study protocol for a systematic review access Published: 16 August 2020 Barriers and facilitators to access mental health services among refugee women in high-income countries: study protocol for a systematic review Sarah DeSa1, Akalewold T. Gebremeskel2,3 & : orcid. org/0000-0002-4876-60433,4 2. 7 refugees per 1000 national population in high-income countries, where girls and women attributed to 48% of the refugee population. Evidence shows high prevalence of mental health disorder among women refugees in comparison to the general population. To our knowledge, no systematic reviews have addressed access to mental health services for refugee women. The aim of this study will be to examine existing barriers and facilitators to accessing mental health services for refugee women in leading high-income countries for refugee resettlement. MethodsWe designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review. We will conduct a literature search (from inception onwards) in and. Research 0369. reports BackgroundAccording to the for Refugee (UNHCR) figures, as of May 2019, there were 70. 8 million people forcibly displaced globally [1]. The experience of forcible migration has been documented as a complicated and stressful life event that can take a toll on mental health [2, 3]. In addition to facing changes in their surroundings, refugee populations are often neglected when it comes to adequacy of health services, including crucial gaps in access and delivery of mental health services [4]. According to the Organization (WHO), mental health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively, and is able to contribute to his or her community [4]. On the global front, in 2018, the WHO set in place a technical guidance report for mental health promotion and mental health care plan for refugees and migrants under their policy framework for 2020 [5]. This framework addressed ways to promote refugee’s social integration, address and overcome barriers to accessing mental health care, facilitating engagement and utilization of services [5, 6]. Approximately one third of people who have obtained refugee status live in high-income countries [7]. The number of refugees and asylum seeker has been showing significant increase among major host and high-income resettlement countries [8, 9].

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: The first player acts as the banker and sets the initial betting amount. The other players then go in order of counterclockwise direction to announce if they want to bet against the banker or not. The game is played with six, seven, or eight standard decks of cards. The goal is to correctly predict which of the two hands will win the round or if it will be a tie. The value of each hand is determined by adding up the values of all cards. Only the rightmost digit counts, so a 2 and 7 hand would be worth six points, while a 9 and 6 hand is worth nine points. The winner is the hand with the highest value. Before the game begins, a player must place their bet in the betting circle. They must choose between a bet on the ‘Banker’, ‘Player’, or ‘Tie’ hand. A ‘Banker’ bet predicts that the banker hand will have a higher value than the player hand. A ‘Player’ bet predicts that the player hand will have a higher value than the banker hand. A ‘Tie’ bet predicts that both the player and banker hands will have a total closer to nine than the opposing hand. Once the bets are placed, the dealer shuffles the cards and places them in a special box for the dealing process. Then the dealer deals a single card to each of the players and a single card to the banker. If the player hand and the banker hand are equal, a ‘Tie’ bet pays out. Otherwise, the hand with the highest total wins. In addition to knowing the rules of the game, it is important for players to be familiar with betting strategies. One of the most common is the Paroli System, which is a variation of the Martingale strategy. In this system, players double their bet after each win and return to their initial wager size after a loss. For example, if a player starts with a $10 bet and wins, they will double their bet to $20 in the next round. This can help players maximize their winnings. Regardless of the betting strategy that a player uses, the best way to beat the house edge in baccarat is by playing short sessions and choosing games with fewer decks. These changes will reduce the variability of the game and make it easier to win.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: 3 mg/kg of DEHP and up to 6. 04 mg/kg of DNOP, were the main source of soil pollution by PAEs (>60% of the total content of Σ5PAEs in soil); the accumulation in soil was also favored due to the long persistence of DEHP and DNOP in the soil (T1/2 DEHP 30. 8 d and DNOP 28. 4 d) (Hui et al. , 2021). PAEs constitute up to 60% of the weight of the agricultural films that are currently used on a large scale in agriculture. As PAEs are not chemically bound to the film they can be easily washed out of this film and then accumulate in soil and plants as hazardous compounds (Li, Chen, et al. , 2016, 2016; X. Wang et al. , 2021; Zeng et al. , 2020; Zhang, Ma, et al. , 2021; F. Zhao et al. , 2022). The longer use of agricultural films led to greater soil contamination with PAEs (Zeng et al. , 2020). PAEs from agricultural films is the main source of soil PAEs contamination (Li, Chen, et al. , 2016; Wang, Chen, et al. , 2015; Zhang, Ma, et al. , 2021; Zhou et al. , 2021). and DEHP are the three major PAEs present in agricultural films and they are also the major soil and air contaminants in plastic greenhouses (Li, Chen, et al. , 2016; J. Wang et al. , 2013; Zeng et al. , 2020). and DBP are the main PAEs present in the plastic film, reaching up to 15. 9, 16. 7, and 11. 2 mg/kg, respectively. Higher phthalate contamination is caused by film aging and physicochemical processes (Zhou et al. , 2021). Many investigations say that the concentration of PAEs in agricultural soils in various parts of China exceeded the level of mg/kg in many areas (Wang, Chen, et al. , 2015; Zhou et al. , 2021). The variations in levels of PAEs in the soil in greenhouses may be related to the type and amount of agricultural film used, its age, and how long it was used (J. Wang et al. , 2013). Therefore there are differences in the number of phthalates in plants (F.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: Barriers and facilitators to access mental health services among refugee women in high-income countries: a systematic review review update Open access Published: 06 April 2022 Barriers and facilitators to access mental health services among refugee women in high-income countries: a systematic review Sarah DeSa1, Akalewold T. Gebremeskel2,3, Olumuyiwa Omonaiye4,5 & …: orcid. org/0000-0002-4876-60433,6 Show authors 2. 7 refuges per 1000 national population, girls and women account for nearly 50% of this refuge population. In these high-income countries, compared with the general population refuge women have higher prevalence of mental illness. Thus, this review was conducted to examine the barriers to and facilitators of access to mental health services for refugee women in high-income countries for refugee resettlement. MethodsWe searched and databases for research 2020. A narrative synthesis was conducted to gather key synthesis evidence. Refugee women (aged 18 and older) that could receive mental health services were included. Men and women under non-refugee migrant legal status were excluded. Studies were evaluated studies using the (CASP) qualitative checklist. ResultsOf the four databases searched, 1258 studies were identified with 12 meeting the inclusion criteria. Three studies were cross-sectional by design, eight studies used a qualitative approach and one studies used mixed approach. The major barriers identified were language barriers, stigmatization, and the need for culturally sensitive practices to encourage accessing mental health care within a religious and cultural context. There were several studies that indicated how gender roles and biological factors played a role in challenges relating to accessing mental health services. The major facilitators identified were service availability and awareness in resettlement countries, social support, and the resilience of refugee women to gain access to mental health services. ConclusionThis review revealed that socio-economic factors contributed to barriers and facilitators to accessing mental health among women refugees and asylum seekers. Addressing those social determinants of health can reduce barriers and enhance facilitators of access to mental health care for vulnerable populations like refugee women. A key limitation of the evidence in this review is that some data may be underreported or misreported due to the sensitive and highly stigmatizing nature of mental health issues among refugee populations. Systematic review registration42020180369 reports BackgroundGlobally, in 2019, there were almost 71 million people forcibly displaced [1].

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: A player should also look for a casino that offers free games so they can practice the game before they spend any money. Baccarat is a fun and rewarding game that is available at many online casinos. 11/09/2024 by admin1989 slots are games that allow players to place bets and spin the reels for a chance to win. The outcome of each spin is determined by random number generators (RNG), ensuring fairness and unpredictability. Different combinations result in different payouts, and some symbols can trigger bonus rounds or free spins. In addition, players can choose the number of paylines they want to activate and how much to bet per spin. Slot online can be addictive, but you should always play responsibly. If you’re a beginner, start with a small bet and increase your wager as you gain experience. You should also read the rules of each game and understand the volatility and Return to Player (RTP) percentage. This will help you determine how much to bet and when to walk away from the table. Many people enjoy playing slot machines because they’re easy to learn and offer a high chance of winning. However, you should be aware of some common mistakes that may cause misunderstandings and grave errors in your gameplay. These mistakes are often due to misinformation and should be avoided at all costs. The first mistake is betting more than you can afford to lose. This is especially true for new slot players who are unsure of their bankroll limits. It’s important to know your limits and stick to them, even when you’re on a winning streak. It’s also important to avoid chasing losses and knowing when to quit. Another common mistake is not reading the rules of each game or understanding how to read the paytable. The paytable will show you the symbols and their payouts, as well as the minimum and maximum bets. You can also find the RTP (Return to Player) percentage of a particular slot machine by looking for it on the rules or information page of the casino website. If you’re a serious gambler, make sure to select reputable online casinos with valid licenses and a solid reputation. Use the demo or free play mode to test out different slot games before risking real money. Familiarize yourself with the game’s volatility and RTP, and take advantage of the free spins and bonuses offered by some sites.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: Zhao et al. , 2022). PAEs from greenhouse films released into the interior air may be transported through diffusion into the soil and accumulated in the vegetables (Table 3) (Zeng et al. , 2020). For instance, 60. 9% of the DBP released from the greenhouse film, is degraded, while 96. 3% of the DEHP is accumulated in plants (Zhang, Ma, et al. , 2021). Soil contamination with phthalates leads to a reduction in soil fertility (Li, Ma, et al. , 2016). The use of sludge as fertilizer may increase the content of PAEs, especially HMW phthalates in soils so to avoid their accumulation in the environment it is necessary to monitor them (Dargnat et al. , 2009; D. -W. Gao & Wen, 2016; Sablayrolles et al. , 2005; B. C. Tran et al. , 2015). The adsorption of PAEs is governed by soil organic matter (SOM) and minerals in the soil and any changes in the composition of SOM may affect PAEs adsorption, distribution, and degradation of PAEs by soil microorganisms. The content of PAEs at different soil depths varies due to the interactions with soil components, SOM quality and quantity, and microorganisms activity (Hui et al. , 2021). The concentration of PAEs in soil depends on its properties such as soil organic carbon (SOC), SOM content, pH, and TOC (total organic carbon). SOM controls the mobility of PAEs which are hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) and the higher the level of SOM the higher the concentration of PAEs. The same correlation exists for an increase in pH, the higher pH the higher concentration of PAEs in soil (Li, Ma, et al. , 2016; Zeng et al. , 2020). But in many studies, there are no correlations observed between the TOC and PAEs and pH and PAEs concentration (et al. , 2018). There are differences in the distribution of PAEs in topsoil. For example, PAEs concentrations are higher in cultivated fields than in uncultivated fields, and in addition, the amount of phthalates in the soil varies in fields with different crops due to the different consumption of fertilizers and pesticides (H. Liu et al. , 2010).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: The experience of forceful migration has been acknowledged as a complex and traumatic life event that can significantly affect mental health in a negative way [2, 3]. Besides confronting the new changes in their environments, refugee populations are frequently overlooked when it comes to provision of health services, as well as access and delivery of mental health services [4]. According to the Organization (WHO), “mental health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to contribute to his or her community” [4]. In relation to mental health promotion and mental health care plan for vulnerable populations such as refugees and migrants, the WHO in 2018 published a technical guidance report which provided a framework to addressing and promoting refugee’s social integration and platforms for overcoming barriers to accessing mental health care, facilitating engagement and utilization of services [5, 6]. About a third of people who have acquired refugee status live in high-income countries [7]. In the last several years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of refugees and asylum seekers seeking refugee and asylum status in major host and high-income resettlement countries [8, 9]. . Worldwide, in 2019, about 64,000 refugees departed their home countries for resettlement in high-income countries [10]. With over 20,000 people arriving in the USA in 2019, which is about 24% increase from 2018, makes the country the highest recipient of arrivals of new refugees. Other high-income countries like Canada and the UK received 9031 and 5774 arrivals, a 17% and 1% increase from 2018, respectively. Other countries that have been on top 10 list of the for Refugee (UNHCR) in terms of resettlement of refugees in the past decade include Sweden with 4993 refugees arriving in 2019, Germany (4622), France (4544), and Australia (3464) [10]. With the increase of refugees in leading resettlement countries, it is crucial to understand the factors that influence access to the mental health care systems and the necessary interventions that can deal with the obstacles that refugees face in these resettlement countries [8, 9]. In each of the resettlement countries, the contexts of health service availability, accessibility, and refugee acceptance are different [8, 11]. The difference in cultural, political, economic, and social frameworks can play a considerable role in how a country prioritizes mental health service provision for refugee populations [11].

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Also, be a smart gambler and practice good bankroll management by setting limits on your bets and walking away when you’re down. Finally, make sure you always read the terms and conditions of each bonus to avoid any misunderstandings. It’s also important to practice self-control and avoid losing control of your emotions, which can lead to serious gambling problems. In addition, never use a credit card to fund your gambling account because this will lead to financial ruin and debt. You can also contact your local Commission for assistance. The agency can help you set financial boundaries and prevent gambling addictions. If you’re having trouble with gambling, you can also visit a gambling clinic for professional counseling. This service is available in most states and provinces. 11/09/2024 by admin1989 of is a simple, yet intriguing game of chance that brings excitement to the casino. The game has been popular with players since its inception in the 17th century, and is now found in casinos worldwide. It’s easy enough for beginners to understand, but offers a surprising amount of depth for those who wish to pursue a strategy. The game is played on a circular table with a spinning wheel in the center. A small ball is released in the opposite direction of the wheel, and bets are placed on which numbered compartment it will land as it comes to rest. Each bet has a different payoff, depending on the odds. The game originated in Europe, and the rules of play have been standardized since the 18th century. A croupier, who is also the dealer, spins the wheel and pushes a small disk with holes in it to mark the numbers. The numbering on the disk is randomized, so that every other number is either red or black. There are thirty-six colored compartments, which are called “canoes” by roulette croupiers, grouped in three sets of twelve numbers each (a total of six dozen bets). The numbers on European wheels alternate between red and black, while the American wheel has two green compartments labeled 0 and 00. Roulette was derived from older games hoca and portique, and its current layout and wheel structure were developed in the 18th century. It became the most popular of all casino games in Europe, and quickly spread to gambling dens and gaming houses in the United States. version of the game grew out of the European one, with modifications made to prevent cheating by players and dealers.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: The concentrations of and DEHP in soil decrease with the depth (et al. 2022,b) due to the aerobic biodegradation in the top layers of soil, and these PAEs are sorbed in top layers. But at a depth of 31-110 cm contents of and DEHP increase. At this depth, aerobic conditions changed into anaerobic conditions and biodegradation is more difficult. In the deeper layers of the soil more abundant are LMW phthalates like DMP and DEP which are not sorbed (H. Liu et al. , 2010; B. C. Tran et al. , 2015). PAEs with long side chains such as and DIBP are absorbed by soil organic carbon and it is more difficult to degrade them than the PAEs with short side chains (e. g. , ) resulting in higher concentrations of in soil (Zeng et al. , 2020). The concentration of PAEs in the soil varies according to the season. It is related to the rate of biodegradation depending on the ambient temperature. Higher air temperatures in summer result in faster degradation of phthalates and their lower concentration in the soil (H. Liu et al. , 2010). A similar relationship exists for air, where PAEs concentrations also are lower in hot seasons like summer than in cold like winter (D. -W. Gao & Wen, 2016). The amount of phthalates in the soil varies with the environment in sequence urban > agricultural > rural > forest with the results: in the urban soil 1089 ng/g dw, in the agricultural soil 407 ng/g dw, in the rural soil 154 ng/g dw, and in the forest soil 60 ng/g dw with DEHP as predominant (B. C. Tran et al. , 2015). Vegetable oils like olive oil, sunflower oil, and rapeseed oil may be easily contaminated with phthalates during production and especially during storage in plastic bottles. Raw materials such as olives, sunflower, or rapeseed may be contaminated during the harvest and transport to the mill. The PAEs concentration in oils varies depending on the type of plant, growing region, and number of production steps (Table 4). For example, oil obtained from a perennial plant e. g. olive oil has higher PAEs content than oil derived from annual crops like sunflower or rapeseed.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: Additionally, in many of the host country the policies and entitlements relating to mental health care policies for refugee and asylum seekers are substantially different from the rest of the population [9, 12]. In most resettlement countries, there are systemic barriers that hinder refugees and asylum seekers from accessing mental health services. For example, the delivery of mental health care services in many of these high-income countries are often characterized by prolonged treatments which are not affordable because they are delivered by scarce and expensive mental health professionals [12]. Likewise, restrictive entry and integration policies have also been linked to poor migrant health outcomes in high-income countries [13]. Hence, it is important to understand how refugees are affected by migration policy in these high-income countries and its critical effect on access to mental health services. By comparison to their male counter parts, evidence shows that there are risk factors that are specific to female refugees [14]. For instance, female Syrian refugees who arrived in Canada with trauma resulting from gender-based violence experienced in their country of origin who are now residing in a metropolitan city like Toronto, had many unmet health needs including mental health due primarily to lack of access to health services and in particular mental health care services [15,16,17]. Moreover, several studies have documented the psychological risks related to female refugees and the protection needs and challenges involved in managing mental health disorders in this vulnerable group of refugees [8, 18, 19]. The presence of psychological risks, such as having survived torture or serious violence, being a woman or girl at risk of abuse and exploitation, or facing persecution because of gender or sexual orientation, among many other devastating scenarios plays its intrinsic role in meeting eligibility of resettling in top resettlement countries [10]. Simply put, there should be an expectation of adequate mental health service provided to refugee women, especially considering that the selection criteria for refugee women that resettle in high-income countries are partially based on the premise of trauma exposure [10]. To provide care and mental health services to refugee women, identifying and addressing barriers and facilitators that directly impact access, use, and utilization of mental health services need to be understood [9, 20, 21].

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Each roulette table carries a placard that describes the minimum and maximum bets allowed. Set a budget before you hit the tables, and choose a table within your limit. Then, start with the outer bets — they’re cheaper and have a higher payout if you win. Avoid betting large sums on the inside bets, which have lower payouts. Also, don’t be tempted to watch other players, hoping that they know something you don’t. That won’t improve your odds more than random chance will. 09/09/2024 by admin1989 Sbobet is an online gambling site that allows you to place bets on sports events all over the world. You can bet on soccer matches in Argentina, track and field events in Russia or cycling races in France. Sbobet is easy to use and offers a variety of different betting options. It also has great odds and payouts are quick. Sbobet is popular in Asia, especially Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam. It is also banned in some countries due to its links with triad organized crime, but it vehemently denies these claims. is licensed in the Philippines and Isle of Man and has won many awards for its gaming services. It is an international sports bookmaker with a competitive offering of betting options and top quality customer service. It has become one of the most popular sports betting sites in the region, and has sponsorships with professional teams and charities. Its banking system is fast, secure and convenient, and players can deposit money through a variety of methods. website is available in several languages, and its customer support representatives are available around the clock. Customers can reach them through email, telephone or live chat. The company accepts major credit cards and bank transfers. It also offers a mobile application that makes placing bets even easier. The mobile application also features a built-in feature that allows you to lock in higher odds if the market shifts before your bet is placed. If you are looking to play a game with sbobet, make sure that you understand the rules of the game. This will help you avoid any misunderstandings that could lead to bad luck. You should also consider the house edge of the game you are playing, which is the probability that you will lose more than you win. It is important to choose a game with a low house edge so that you can maximize your winnings.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: This is due to the greater potential for bioaccumulation (da Costa et al. , 2023; Giuliani et al. , 2020; S. Y. Wang et al. , 2022). Table 4 Concentrations of PAEs in various edible vegetable oilsFull size tableMilk and other dairy products have a high fat content by what they may be easily contaminated with phthalates which are hydrophobic compounds. A long production chain additionally increases the risk of contamination. Differences in phthalate contamination result from the type of product, its fat content, and type of packages (Table 5) (da Costa et al. , 2023; Giuliani et al. , 2020). The situation when cattle are fed contaminated feed and the method of milking process also have an impact on the concentration of phthalates in milk. The greatest contamination takes place during milk pasteurization where are used materials containing PAEs and high temperatures which may facilitate the migration of phthalates to milk (Giuliani et al. , 2020). Table 5 The concentration of PAEs in milk and dairy productsFull size tableMeat is the primary source of protein in the human diet. Like milk and dairy products meat has high fat content. That makes it important to control the contamination of meat and meat products with phthalates because they tend to concentrate in lipids. Meat may be contaminated with PAEs during production, storage, and cooking. Also, animals can eat contaminated feed and drink contaminated water. So, it is crucial to examine the phthalate concentration in feeds and water. By all these facts there are a lot of differences in PAEs concentration in different types of meat (Table 6) (da Costa et al. , 2023; Giuliani et al. , 2020). Table 6 The concentration of PAEs in meat and meat productsFull size tableA lot of phthalates find their way into the rivers and seas with sewage. There they may easily enter the water bodies like fish and seafood. Contamination of fish with PAEs is dangerous for people, especially in coastal countries where fish constitutes a crucial part of the diet. PAEs concentration in foods varies depending on the type of product (Table 7) (da Costa et al. , 2023). Table 7 The concentration of PAEs in fish and fish products. Full size tableMineral water and soft drinks are mostly sold in plastic bottles.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: Studies have identified social and structural constructs that exist as barriers to the ease and use of mental health services among vulnerable populations such as refugee women; these barriers include but not limited to the following scheduling or restrictive timing, linguistic barriers, low social status, discrimination, and stigmatization [20,21,22,23,24,25]. It is acknowledged that there is a need for mental health services to be accessible and acceptable within resettlement countries and should be consistent with the needs and difficulties of refugees. While there are numerous studies that have examined the barriers to accessing mental health services, there is a paucity of studies that have identified the facilitators and enablers of access to mental health care among refugee population, including the delivery of culturally sensitive intervention [25], and the provision of gender concordant services [14, 16, 26]. Although, there is large body of literature that have examined the barriers that influence mental health, there is an absence of systematic reviews that have specifically examined the evidence on barriers to and facilitators of access to mental health services for women refugees and asylum seekers in high-income countries [8, 27]. In this context, the aim of this review is to examine existing barriers and facilitators to accessing mental health services for refugee women in leading high-income countries for refugee resettlement. MethodsThis review aimed to identify and collect qualitative data from eligible studies conducted in high-income countries for refugee resettlement. Protocol registration and reportingThe present review has been registered within the database (registration number CRD42020180369). The published protocol for this systematic review [28] was written according to the Items for and Meta-analysis Protocols (-P) guideline for reporting systematic reviews [29]. This review was conducted as per the Handbook of [30] and the findings were reported in accordance with the reporting guidance provided in the statement [29] (see Additional file 3 for details) and the in Reporting the Synthesis of () statement [31]. Inclusion and exclusion criteriaEligible studies comprised of original research, peer-reviewed 2. MeSH terms related to mental illness were not included, as this review focused on accessing mental health services and not necessarily the presence of mental illness (see Additional file 2 for more details). Selection of studies7. 5–9) or ‘low’ (less than 7. 5) for overall quality.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: It is important to check whether sbobet accepts US residents before you make a deposit. This is because the US data privacy laws do not protect your personal information, and you could be at risk of legal and financial consequences if you gamble on Sbobet from an IP address in the United States. Using a VPN connection may allow you to bypass these restrictions, but it is still illegal. Sbobet is an online betting website that offers hundreds of traditional casino games. Its website is user-friendly and is available in several languages. In addition, the site has a number of promotions to keep its users interested in its products and services. Moreover, it provides free accounts for new members to test the waters of this website before they deposit any money. This way, they can decide if Sbobet is the right choice for them. This is a good opportunity for beginners to get started with a trusted online bookmaker and start making real money. Besides, Sbobet also has live dealer tables and a large selection of slots. 09/09/2024 by admin1989 of is a card game for intellectuals, mathematicians and people who like the idea of beating the house. It has been around for years, but it isn’t as popular now as it once was. It has faded into the background, although it is still available at some casinos. Many players believe that the dealers always win. This can be true, but it depends on the player’s decisions and the dealer’s strategy. If the player makes mistakes, such as splitting when it isn’t appropriate, then the dealer may win more hands. Almost every casino offers some version of blackjack. The basic rules are the same, but variations in payouts and side bets make it different from place to place. The basic game is usually played with one or two decks, but some places use six or eight. In most cases, the cards are dealt face down. The dealer will then flip over a second card that is face up. After the dealer has flipped over the first card, each player must decide whether to hit or stand. If the player has a value of 21 or better, they win. If the dealer has a blackjack, the player loses (unless they also have a blackjack). Ties are considered a push and the players’ bets are returned without adjustment.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: PAEs can contaminate them by leaching from packages such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles (Heudorf et al. , 2007; Xiong & Pei, 2021). The quality of the raw material for example: the use of recycled PET, the technology used in bottle production, the contamination of the water sources, and the cross-contamination in the factory can influence the phthalate content in mineral water and soft drinks. Another factor that affects PAEs contamination is storage time. A lot of studies show that the longer mineral water is stored in plastic bottles the greater the contamination it is. Storage in higher temperatures and exposure on sunlight also may increase PAEs content in mineral water. Soft drinks have higher phthalates concentrations than mineral water. The PAEs migration from PET bottles to soft drinks is 5 to 40 times higher than to mineral water. This is due to the fact that soft drinks contain a lot of preservatives and may have low pH. The type of used preservative also has an impact on PAEs level in soft drinks. The highest phthalate contamination is in soft drinks with K-sorbate (819. 40 μg L−1), followed by one and a half times lower levels in drinks preserved with Na-benzoate and K-sorbate, seven times lower levels in drinks with Na-benzoate (116. 93 μg L−1), and nine times lower in drinks preserved with orthophosphoric acid (91. 67 μg L−1) (Giuliani et al. , 2020). The concentration of PAEs in various types of mineral water and soft drinks and in various conditions shows Table 8. Table 8 The concentration of PAEs in mineral water and soft drinksFull size tableIn fast food samples, DBP (in 81% of samples) and DEHP (in 70% of samples) have been detected. and DEP were also detected but at a lower concentration. It was established that fast food with meat has higher PAEs concentrations than that without meat (Edwards et al. , 2022). Food may be contaminated during preparation by gloves. The research showed that gloves used in restaurants contain up to 37% PAEs by weight (Edwards et al. , 2022; Heudorf et al. , 2007). The boiling of food products reduces the number of phthalates but frying and grilling may increase their concentration (Fierens et al.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: [2] Studies have shown that low income, not living with a partner, lack of social support, female gender, low level of education, low socioeconomic status, unemployment, financial strain, and perceived discrimination are factors hinged on social deprivation that is associated with poor mental health. [5] It was reported by the WHO that systemic inequalities and inequities in the purview of gender, age, education, ethnicity, income, and place of residence are major determinants of mental health, and there is an association between economic disadvantage and common mental disorders (CMDs) (depression and anxiety) among low- and middle-income countries. [6] Besides, studies have also found the disproportionate rates of mental illness among people living in the poorest parts of cities, and with the distribution of income in the low- and middle-income countries, the overrepresentation of this may not be farfetched. [7] Social deprivation has been found to increase the risk for psychological distress among adolescents moving toward adulthood, thereby increasing their vulnerability for subsequent mental illness. [8] Poor social support, discrimination, and stress from multiple deprivations have been found to increase the risk of poor mental health. [9] Furthermore, poor mental health may be a precursor to social deprivation. It has been reported that social exclusion from deprivation is a notable consequence of mental health difficulties, and this is due to the effects of discrimination, unfair detention, stigma, and constructions of the difference attached to the mentally ill. Sometimes, people with mental health problems are excluded from consuming health services, such as health promotion and health improvement programs that are available to others, leading to unequal health outcomes and increased mortality among these populations. Similarly, people with mental health problems experience exclusion as a result of their low employment rates and inequalities in the chance to adequately contribute to the society. [10] However, social exclusion can also lead to an increase in the risk of poor mental health through isolation, loneliness, and low levels of self-esteem, for example, while social capital can act as a protective factor. [10] In all, social exclusion, which refers to a person being shunned by his or her community or culture because of certain circumstances, traits, or characteristics, can complicate social deprivation if the deprivation becomes long-term. [3] is the process of social change whereby an individual moves from one cultural setting to another for the purpose of settling down either permanently or for a prolonged period.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Some places allow players to make a side bet called insurance, which pays out if the dealer has an ace up. This is not a guaranteed win, but it is an excellent way to reduce the risk of losing a hand. In addition, some casinos offer additional side bets that pay out when certain combinations are made. A blackjack counter is a person who keeps track of the concentration of cards in a deck. They can then use this information to improve their chances of getting a good hand. The most common counting system is called plus-and-minus and is designed to help players improve their chances of hitting blackjacks. In most cases, a player’s initial two cards must be of equal rank to be a blackjack. However, some casinos allow the player to split two non-matching ten value cards. Generally, the player can only receive a single additional card on each split hand. Some casinos also restrict the number of times a player can split their cards. If a player gets closer to 21 than the dealer, they win. If they beat the dealer, they win and are paid an amount equal to their original wager. If the dealer busts, they lose and their bet is collected. If the player and dealer tie, it is a push or standoff and the bet remains on the table. The casino’s edge in blackjack comes from the fact that it wins more hands than the player, regardless of how well the player plays. This is why it is so important to understand the basics of the game and be able to apply some basic strategies. Players should also remember that they are playing against the dealer, not the other players at the table. 08/09/2024 by admin1989 Slot Pulsa: untuk dan Potongan! Dalam dunia perjudian online, pengalaman bermain slot semakin menarik dengan munculnya opsi slot pulsa. Slot pulsa memberikan kemudahan bagi para pemain, terutama pengguna Indosat dan Telkomsel, untuk melakukan deposit tanpa perlu khawatir tentang potongan biaya yang mengurangi saldo mereka.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: , 2012). 5 RegulationsPhysicochemical properties, especially water solubility and environmental persistence were the background for the recognition of PAEs as pollutants (F. Chen et al. , 2021). Many countries set permissible concentrations of some phthalates. According to the Directive of the and the Council of 2005, the use of and BBP at concentrations higher than 0. 1% relative to the weight of plasticized material in children's toys and childcare products was banned; similarly, the use of and DNOP in children's toys and childcare products that may be placed in the child's mouth was limited (Domínguez-Morueco et al. , 2014; Erythropel et al. , 2014; Heudorf et al. , 2007; Hou et al. , 2021; Latini et al. , 2004; Przybylińska & Wyszkowski, 2016; Zhang, Jiao, et al. , 2021). In 2007, the Act (CPSIA) in the regulated PAEs maximum content in children’s toys or childcare 0. 1% of 6 PAEs (D. Gao et al. , 2014; Latini et al. , 2004). At the same time, in Korea, the content of and DEHP in children’s stuff and and DNOP for medical devices or cosmetics were regulated (et al. 2022,b). Nowadays, child-care stuff, children’s toys containing and DIDP are not allowed to be produced in the (EU) (et al. 2022,b). The reference values for selected airborne substances, including and DMP, were set at 100 μg/m3 · h and 15 μg/m3 · year were limited in the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of Poland, 2010, (Przybylińska & Wyszkowski, 2016). In Poland, according to the Ministry of of 19 November 2002 the permissible concentration of DBP in drinking water is 20 μg/L (Bodzek et al. , 2004). DEHP concentration of less than 8 μg/L is recommended for drinking water by the Organization (WHO) (Domínguez-Morueco et al. , 2014; Gani et al. , 2017; Julinová & Slavík, 2012). of the and the Council in 2013 established DEHP limits for surface waters at 1.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: The process of migration is inevitably stressful, and stress can increase the risk for mental illness. [11] Migration is a global phenomenon and it occurs due to a range of factors such as conflict, unemployment, and poverty. Available research has shown a higher prevalence of CMDs and higher psychiatric admission rates in migrant communities compared to the majority of the settled population. [12] Apart from the stress involved in the pre- and intra-migration processes, the postmigration phase, characterized by culture shock, which is exemplified by assimilation, acculturation, and deculturation, appears to be a significant period of outrageous risk. [11] In the quest for obtaining more optimal socioeconomic status, migrants sometimes face the harsh realities of life-threatening events such as poor living conditions, social isolation, unemployment, and deportation even in the new countries and these are important psychosocial stressors that can increase the risk for mental illness. [13] In a notable research done on Schizophrenia among Norwegians migrating to the USA, it was observed that the inception rate for schizophrenia among the migrating Norwegians was twice that of those residents in Norway. [14] The possible explanations for this finding were higher rates of schizophrenia in the emmigrating country, people with schizophrenia are predisposed to migrate, migration increases stress that may increase the risk for schizophrenia, migrants are misdiagnosed with schizophrenia, increased population density and diversity of ethnic migrant groups can show elevated rates of schizophrenia. [11] Although many immigrants cherish the fact that there are improved amenities and better socioeconomic opportunities which make for better quality of life in high-income countries, these are rather toppled with the menace of ethnic discrimination, racism, and limitation for advancement in certain paradigms. Furthermore, sometimes, the migrants have feelings of detachment from their families in their native countries and the intense drive to make it up by working extra hard to send money to them. All these are important substrates for social exclusion, which is a psychosocial stressor for mental illness, even in the new environment. [15] Furthermore, because migration to high-income countries may be like a safe haven to some individuals due to the optimal socioeconomic status they attain, it may be a protective factor for them, thereby reducing their vulnerability for mental illness. [14] deprivation is a major reason for migration from low- and middle-income countries to high-income countries globally.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Dengan menggunakan pulsa sebagai metode pembayaran, Anda kini bisa menikmati permainan favorit dengan lebih leluasa dan tanpa repot. yang ingin merasakan sensasi bermain slot menggunakan pulsa, artikel ini akan menjadi panduan lengkap. Kami akan membahas bagaimana cara melakukan deposit pulsa tanpa potongan, serta menjelaskan keuntungan bermain di platform yang menyediakan slot pulsa Indosat dan Telkomsel. Jangan lewatkan kesempatan untuk mengenal lebih dalam tentang cara mengoptimalkan pengalaman bermain Anda melalui Apa itu Slot Pulsa? merupakan salah satu bentuk permainan yang populer di kalangan pengguna layanan seluler di Indonesia. Permainan ini memungkinkan pemain untuk melakukan deposit menggunakan pulsa mereka, sehingga mereka dapat bermain tanpa harus melakukan transfer uang melalui bank. Dengan sistem ini, pengguna tidak hanya dapat menikmati permainan slot yang menarik, tetapi juga memanfaatkan pulsa yang mungkin tidak terpakai. Salah satu keunggulan dari adalah kemudahan dalam melakukan transaksi. Dengan menggunakan provider seperti Indosat dan Telkomsel, pemain bisa melakukan deposit pulsa tanpa potongan, sehingga seluruh saldo pulsa mereka dapat digunakan untuk bermain. Ketidakperluan untuk menggunakan metode pembayaran tradisional membuat semakin diminati oleh para gamers yang mencari cara praktis untuk menikmati permainan.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: The efficiency and mechanism of this process are strongly related to the structure of PAEs. For the removal of π-π EDA interactions and pore-filling mechanisms are considered; are mainly removed by hydrophobic interactions (Xiong & Pei, 2021). The ability of biochars to sorption PAEs depends on factors such as pyrolysis temperature, type of feedstock, modifications, and organic carbon content in the matrix. For instance, biochars obtained from pepper straw at 500 °C have the greatest sorption capacity, compared to biochars obtained from peanut hull which have the greatest sorption capacity when obtained at 650 °C (Xiong & Pei, 2021). Modification of biochars with nano-manganese dioxide (nMnO2) as an oxidizer increases their capacity (Xiong & Pei, 2021). The removal efficiency increased with increasing doses of biochar and with an increasing degree of MnO2 coverage on the biochar surface (M. Gao et al. , 2018). Degradation of PAEs may be achieved by persulfate (PS) oxidation. This approach is used in the remediation of groundwater and soil. PS activation and sulfate radical (SO4*-) were applied in PAEs removal from water and soil. However, the process efficiency was affected by process parameters such as PS concentration, pH, natural organic matter, and the presence of inorganic ions (e. g. HCO3-, Cl-) (Xiong & Pei, 2021). 7 ConclusionsPhthalates, recognized as dangerous endocrine disruptors, have been extensively detected in various environmental matrices, with contaminated food emerging as a primary source of human exposure. The widespread presence of PAEs in our surroundings underscores the urgent need for effective strategies to reduce their impact. Furthermore, the presented results highlight the importance of comprehensive risk assessment and regulatory measures to minimize human exposure to phthalates. Policies aimed at limiting the use of phthalates in consumer products and promoting eco-friendly alternatives are crucial steps toward mitigating their adverse effects on both environmental and human health. It is also necessary to develop novel, sustainable and effective methods for removing phthalates under various environmental conditions and from various environmental matrices. In summary, the presence of phthalates in our environment requires concerted, interdisciplinary efforts from scientists, policymakers and industry stakeholders.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: On the other hand, in upper-middle-income countries, government expenditures on public health are typically lower, averaging approximately 2. 89% of GDP during the same period. This lower investment may result in limited access to healthcare services, insufficient infrastructure, and challenges in providing adequate healthcare to all population segments. However, as these countries continue to develop economically, there is potential for increased government expenditure on public health to address these challenges and improve overall healthcare outcomes. Understanding the differences in public health spending between high-income and upper-middle-income countries is crucial for several reasons: (1) Public health spending is intricately linked to economic development. Understanding the relationship between spending levels and economic growth in different income categories can inform sustainable development and poverty reduction strategies. (2) Recognizing how resources are allocated within different income brackets sheds light on where funding is prioritized and how it impacts healthcare delivery. This understanding is essential for policymakers to effectively optimize resource allocation to address specific health challenges. (3) Disparities in public health spending can directly affect population healthcare access. Understanding these differences helps identify potential gaps in access to healthcare services, allowing for targeted interventions to improve equity and inclusivity in healthcare delivery. (4) Public health spending influences health outcomes such as life expectancy, disease incidence, and mortality rates. Comparing spending patterns between high-income and upper-middle-income countries provides insights into which strategies are most effective in improving health outcomes, thus informing evidence-based policy decisions. (5) Recognizing disparities in public health spending fosters international cooperation and collaboration. It encourages resource sharing, knowledge exchange, and joint efforts to address global health challenges, benefiting high-income and upper-middle-income countries. Overall, understanding the differences in public health spending between high-income and upper-middle-income countries enables policymakers, healthcare professionals, and stakeholders to make informed decisions, allocate resources efficiently, and work toward achieving better health outcomes for all. A study [3] covering 167 countries from 1993 to 2013 revealed that total health expenditure per capita tends to increase over time as incomes rise. One study [4] also examined data from 210 countries from 1990 to 2008 and revealed a notable positive impact of improved health on economic growth, particularly in high- and upper-middle-income countries.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: tidak hanya menawarkan hiburan, tetapi juga berbagai peluang untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. Banyak penyedia permainan slot yang menawarkan bonus dan promosi menarik ketika melakukan deposit menggunakan pulsa, sehingga pengguna dapat meraih lebih banyak pengalaman bermain. Dengan berbagai tema dan fitur yang tersedia, menjadi pilihan menarik bagi siapa saja yang ingin merasakan sensasi bermain tanpa harus keluar rumah. menawarkan kemudahan yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh para pemain slot online. Dengan sistem deposit menggunakan pulsa, pengguna tidak perlu repot-repot melakukan transfer melalui bank. Prosesnya cepat dan langsung, sehingga pemain dapat segera menikmati permainan tanpa harus menunggu. Ini menjadi solusi ideal untuk mereka yang menginginkan cara praktis dan efektif. Selain itu, Indosat umumnya tidak mengenakan potongan dalam setiap transaksi. Hal ini berarti bahwa pemain bisa memperoleh nilai penuh dari pulsa yang mereka kirimkan. Keuntungan ini sangat menguntungkan, terutama bagi pemain yang sering melakukan deposit. Dengan semua pulsa yang digunakan untuk bermain, potensi untuk mendapatkan kemenangan menjadi lebih besar. Terakhir, Indosat memiliki jaringan yang luas dan stabil, sehingga memastikan pengalaman bermain yang lancar. Para pengguna tidak perlu khawatir tentang gangguan sinyal saat melakukan permainan.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Plastic pollution contributes to soil and water contamination. [SEP] Text: As a result of the high potential of petroleum hydrocarbons to accumulate in the soil environment, together with their resistance to biodegradation, these compounds cause substantial changes in biological parameters, such as enzymatic activity and abundance of microbes (Pérez-Leblic et al. 2010, Zhan et al. 2010). One technique attempting to accelerate the natural degradation of petroleum products by the introduction of nutrients is called biostimulation (Chemlal et al. 2012). The aim of such actions consists in the stimulation of native microorganisms, which become resistant to the already occurring disturbances. Currently, it is a fast-growing research theme. This dependence is probably affected not only by the type of the soil (Aspray et al. 2008) or the kind of contaminant (Dilly et al. 2011) but also by the enzymatic system of the microbes. Lamy et al. (2013) suggest that the biostimulation is favourable only when, for the mineralisation of the compound used for it, the cell may utilise the enzymatic complexes of metabolic pathways used for degradation of the contaminating compounds. The aim of the research was to compare the effects of various petroleum products, biodiesel, diesel oil, fuel oil and unleaded petrol on soil dehydrogenases, and to evaluate biostimulation with compost and urea in the restoration of the homeostasis of soil contaminated with these products. The obtained results allowed for defining the weight of dehydrogenases in the monitoring of environments subjected to pressure from petroleum hydrocarbons. 2 Material and Methods2. 1 SoilIn the research, soil from the (NE part of Poland, 53. 7161° N, 20. 4167° E) was used. The soil material was collected from the topsoil of typical brown earths (Eutric Cambisol). According to the graining classification of the US Department of Agriculture, it was soil with a granulometric composition of loamy sand, with characteristics shown in Table 1. Table 1 Physicochemical properties of the soilFull size table 2. 2 Petroleum ProductsIn the experiment, the following petroleum products were used: biodiesel, diesel oil, fuel oil and unleaded petrol. Their basic properties are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Properties of petroleum productsFull size table 2.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: According to a study of 48 U. S. states from 1999 to 2003, healthcare expenditure was primarily influenced by gross state products, the elderly population (aged 65 +), urbanization, and hospital bed numbers [9]. Conversely, research on age distribution and income trends in the USA (1980–1998) and Canada (1975–2000) found that while the elderly population drove healthcare spending in a simplified model, technological progress played a larger role in more complex models [10]. Research on 173 countries from 1995–2006 revealed that healthcare was essential. Healthcare spending is least responsive in low-income countries and most responsive in middle-income countries, with high-income countries in between [11]. The empirical evidence informs optimal government healthcare spending and middle-income growth [12]. In 2011, health status and demographics accounted for 55% of regional healthcare expenditure variation in Germany [13]. In contrast, Australian healthcare spending from 1971 to 2011 emphasized technological change as a key determinant [14]. A study in China from 2010 to 2017 revealed that healthcare spending growth was influenced by income, Baumol's cost disease, and technology [9]. Similarly, another study [15] in China spanning 2002 to 2006 identified factors affecting provincial government healthcare spending per capita, including general budget revenue, central government transfers, population under 15, basic health insurance coverage for urban employees, and urban population size. A study in Taiwan [16] showed that end-of-life patients at private hospitals have higher inpatient costs than those at public hospitals. Research [17] on the Association of Nations (ASEAN) data from 2002 to 2011 suggests that industrialization and foreign direct investment affect healthcare spending. Another study [18], based on 2001 data from 44 African countries, highlighted real per capita GDP and per capita foreign aid as key determinants of healthcare expenditure. The growth of healthcare expenditure in the countries of the is suspected to be aging, economic growth or rising GDP, healthcare resources (hospital beds, staff, high technology), new technology and medical progress, and healthcare systems [19]. Two main factors explaining regional public healthcare expenditure in Spain during 1992–2005 are per capita income and demographic structure [20]. A American (USA) county-level health study [21] aimed to identify causal factors behind five outcomes. Correlations between risk factors and outcomes were found, typically limited to a few contemporaneous factors.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Dengan kestabilan jaringan dan kemudahan akses, Indosat menjadi pilihan utama bagi banyak pemain slot yang ingin merasakan sensasi bermain tanpa hambatan. menawarkan berbagai keuntungan yang menarik bagi para penggemar permainan slot. Salah satu keuntungan utama adalah kemudahan dalam melakukan deposit. Dengan menggunakan pulsa Telkomsel, pemain tidak perlu repot-repot menggunakan transfer bank atau metode pembayaran lainnya. Hanya dengan beberapa langkah sederhana, pemain sudah bisa mulai menikmati berbagai permainan slot yang ditawarkan. Selain kemudahan deposit, Telkomsel juga dikenal karena kecepatan transaksinya. Proses pengisian pulsa langsung dan tanpa potongan memungkinkan pemain untuk segera memasuki permainan tanpa harus menunggu lama. Hal ini sangat menguntungkan bagi mereka yang ingin segera merasakan sensasi bermain slot tanpa hambatan. Tidak hanya itu, Telkomsel juga memberikan akses ke berbagai promo dan bonus menarik. Banyak platform menawarkan bonus deposit khusus bagi pemain yang menggunakan pulsa Telkomsel. Dengan demikian, pemain dapat menikmati pengalaman bermain yang lebih menguntungkan dan menarik, serta meningkatkan peluang untuk meraih kemenangan yang lebih besar. Untuk mulai menikmati pengalaman bermain slot pulsa, langkah pertama yang perlu dilakukan adalah mendaftar di platform yang menyediakan layanan ini.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Single-use plastics are a major contributor to landfill waste. [SEP] Text: Model-free kinetics for co-pyrolysis is a method of analyzing pyrolysis reactions by measuring the rate of mass loss or product formation and using that data to calculate the rate of reaction, useful for studying complex systems such as those involving multiple feedstocks or products (Dhyani & Bhaskar, 2018). Confederation for and Calorimetry (ICTAC) committee recommends using model-free isoconversional methods, such as Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS), Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), Friedman, Starink, and Vyazovkin, to determine the kinetic parameters of the pyrolysis process (Vyazovkin et al. , 2011). In this study, three of these methods were applied to the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data to examine the kinetics of the pyrolysis/co-pyrolysis reaction of date pits (DP), polypropylene (PP), and expanded polystyrene (PS). Considering the recommendations by ICTAC, this study focuses on understanding kinetics and thermodynamics utilizing model-free kinetics rather than the previously published model-based study (Mariyam, Parthasarathy, et al. 2023). This research focuses on two types of waste materials: biomass—DP, and single-use plastics—PP and PS. Dates are important as they are one of the few fruit-bearing trees that grow in dry regions. Globally, there are around 120 million date palm trees, and 10% of the date fruit is made up of DP, often discarded (Tahir et al. , 2020). Conversely, plastic is a synthetic material that has seen a significant increase in production over the years, going from 1. 7 million metric tons in 1950 to 360 million metric tons in 2018 (Chen et al. , 2021). Half of this production is for single-use plastics, and 40% is used for packaging materials. Both PP and PS are commonly used in the packaging industry, particularly for food and beverages. Both date and plastic waste have the potential to be transformed into products and are suitable candidates for co-pyrolysis using sustainable feedstock blends. Moreover, the majority of the co-pyrolysis studies published thus far have analyzed binary feeds (Mariyam, Shahbaz, et al.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: 05% increase based on the conventional method. However, employing bias-corrected or robust methodologies for the experimental group yielded an even greater increase of 1. 22%. Overall, the regression-discontinuity design is a powerful tool for generating credible results when conducting a randomized experiment, which is not possible or practical. It provides valuable insights into causal relationships and outperforms nonequivalent group or correlational designs. RDD estimates show a positive impact of the corruption control index on achieving appropriate public healthcare spending for the experimental group compared to the comparison group after the corruption control index cutoff of 1. 20%. 5 Policy implications and conclusionThis research explores the significance of access to quality healthcare as a fundamental human right. It investigates how economic, demographic, and political factors influence government healthcare expenditure. This study scrutinizes government healthcare spending across 28 high-income and 42 upper-middle-income countries from 1990 to 2019. To carry out the analysis, a blend of statistical methodologies, including Bayesian model averaging (BMA), generalized method of moments (GMM), random intercept, and regression discontinuity design (RDD), are utilized. Furthermore, generalized linear models employing logistic and probit regressions are also employed for comprehensive examination. Healthcare spending in the previous year is a crucial determinant of public healthcare expenditure in high- and upper-middle-income countries. Government funding allocation significantly impacts healthcare expenditure in both groups of nations, a trend consistently revealed across multiple statistical models such as BMA and GMM. This influence is also evident in the random intercept model with group variation, where the coefficient of overall government expenditure proves significant for both high-income and upper-middle-income countries. Particularly in high-income nations, this coefficient demonstrates a positive and substantial association. These findings highlight the pivotal role of government investment in shaping healthcare spending patterns within these countries. They underscore the importance of government policies and budget allocations in determining healthcare provision and accessibility in nations with relatively higher income levels. The average years of education considerably influence healthcare spending in high-income countries, as evidenced by both BMA and GMM findings. Interestingly, while this influence is notably negative in both analyses, it lacks significance in upper-middle-income countries. This observation is also apparent in the random intercept model with group variation, where the shared coefficient for mean years of education in high-income and upper-middle-income countries fails to achieve statistical significance. However, it is significant for high-income countries individually.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Anda bisa mengunjungi situs resmi seperti untuk memastikan bahwa Anda mendapatkan pelayanan yang terpercaya. Di halaman utama, biasanya akan ada opsi untuk mendaftar atau membuat akun baru. Klik opsi tersebut untuk memulai proses pendaftaran. Setelah mengklik opsi pendaftaran, Anda akan diminta untuk mengisi beberapa informasi pribadi. Informasi yang biasanya dibutuhkan meliputi nama lengkap, nomor telepon, alamat email, dan pilihan kata sandi. Pastikan semua informasi yang Anda masukkan adalah akurat dan dapat diakses dengan mudah. Ini penting untuk menjaga keamanan akun dan memudahkan proses verifikasi kemudian. Setelah mengisi semua informasi yang diperlukan, biasanya Anda akan diminta untuk mengkonfirmasi pendaftaran melalui email atau SMS yang dikirimkan ke nomor yang Anda daftarkan. menunggu hingga konfirmasi berhasil sebelum mencoba untuk melakukan deposit pulsa atau bermain. Dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah ini, Anda akan siap untuk menikmati slot pulsa dengan mudah dan tanpa potongan dari provider seperti Indosat dan Telkomsel. melakukan deposit slot pulsa tanpa potongan, pertama-tama Anda perlu memastikan bahwa Anda menggunakan provider yang tepat, seperti Indosat atau Telkomsel. memiliki cukup pulsa di akun Anda.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Single-use plastics are a major contributor to landfill waste. [SEP] Text: Innovations to overcome the current waste problem caused by single-use plastics in the pursuit of a circular economy 1, Stella-Maria Yerokhin1, Leonard Mayer1 & …Samanthi Dijkstra-: orcid. org/0000-0002-4691-42761,2 Show authors 357 all metrics AbstractPlastic production continues to increase each year, yet only 9% are successfully recycled. This has impacted natural habitats and ecosystems, due to an uncontrolled amount of waste. The food industry is a major contributor to plastic waste. To counter this problem, the demand for environmentally sustainable alternatives, i. e. bio-based plastics, in the pursuit of a circular economy is increasing. As such, this problem is interconnected and at the resource nexus of particularly, food, material, waste, and ecosystem. This systematic review provides an overview of different innovations regarding materials and additives for bio-based plastics for packaging in the food industry. The paper argues that a majority of materials for bio-based plastics originate from the food industry’s value chain and utilizing these resources is essential to reduce waste and to create more value, essentially addressing the problem with a focus on the resource nexus. Moreover, the importance of developing biodegradable and recyclable plastics to reduce the environmental impact of plastic waste is also highlighted, especially in the context of single-use food packaging. These findings and conclusions cumulated into a framework to differentiate the various materials and classify them regarding their biodegradability properties, origin (plant- or animal-based industry by-products and raw materials) and end-of-life scenarios. This contributes to the academic literature and practice by categorizing different kinds of materials, which might be labelled environmentally sustainable, particularly biodegradable, but which might not always be the case and critically discussing implications of this. Similar content being viewed by others Single-in the Industry: Be Sustainable? 390. 7 million tonnes in 2021, with no sign of slowing (2022). The global COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, has further increased the use of single-use plastic packaging in almost all sectors (Süßbauer et al. 2022). Only 9% of current plastic waste is successfully recycled to extend its life cycle and become part of a circular economy (OECD 2022).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Mental health issues are more frequently diagnosed in high-income countries due to greater healthcare access. [SEP] Text: This relationship is further supported by the random intercept model with group variation, where the shared component demonstrates a positive and significant association. However, it is important to note that in high-income countries, the influence of industrial employment on healthcare spending is negative and significant according to the random intercept model with group variation. These findings have significant implications for healthcare policy and resource allocation. Industrial employment impacts healthcare spending patterns in high-income and upper-middle-income countries. The positive association suggests that areas with higher industrial employment tend to necessitate increased healthcare expenditure, likely due to occupational health risks or greater healthcare demands associated with industrial activities. However, observing a negative association within high-income countries suggests a nuanced relationship. This could imply that in high-income settings, industrial employment may be associated with better access to private healthcare services or occupational health programs, leading to lower public healthcare spending. Overall, policymakers need to consider the influence of industrial employment on healthcare spending when designing healthcare policies and resource allocation strategies, particularly in regions where industrial sectors are significant contributors to the economy. Efforts may be needed to address healthcare needs specific to industrial workers while ensuring equitable access to healthcare services for all population segments. Efforts to curb corruption have a notable and positive influence on healthcare spending in high-income and upper-middle-income countries, as indicated by the generalized method of moments (GMM) analysis. Within the random intercept model, where group variation is accounted for in high-income and upper-middle-income countries, the shared coefficient for corruption control has a positive and significant association. However, it is important to note that this coefficient is negative and significant solely for high-income countries. Notable findings from RDD analysis reveal a positive change in the treatment effect for the experimental group when the corruption control index exceeds 1. 20%. This suggests that a stronger corruption control index empowers upper-middle- to high-income countries to improve their healthcare spending. These findings significantly affect healthcare policy and governance practices in high-income and upper-middle-income countries. The positive association between corruption and healthcare spending suggests that tackling corruption can increase investments in healthcare infrastructure, services, and quality improvement initiatives. However, the observed negative association, specifically in high-income countries, warrants further examination. This suggests a more complex relationship between corruption control measures and healthcare spending in these contexts.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Setelah itu, kunjungi situs yang menyediakan layanan slot pulsa, seperti Di situs tersebut, Anda akan menemukan berbagai pilihan permainan dan metode deposit yang dapat dipilih. Langkah selanjutnya adalah memilih metode deposit yang sesuai. Biasanya, situs-situs ini menawarkan pilihan deposit dengan pulsa tanpa potongan. Ikuti instruksi yang diberikan di situs untuk memilih jumlah deposit yang diinginkan. Anda mungkin perlu melakukan verifikasi melalui SMS atau metode lain untuk memastikan bahwa transaksi Anda aman dan cepat. Setelah transaksi deposit berhasil, saldo Anda akan segera terupdate dan Anda dapat langsung menikmati berbagai permainan slot yang tersedia. Pastikan untuk memanfaatkan promo atau bonus yang sering ditawarkan oleh situs untuk meningkatkan pengalaman bermain Anda. Selamat bermain dan nikmati sensasi slot pulsa tanpa potongan! memilih slot pulsa terbaik, langkah pertama yang perlu Anda lakukan adalah mencari penyedia yang terpercaya. Pastikan untuk memeriksa reputasi situs yang Anda pilih. yang baik biasanya memiliki ulasan positif dari pengguna lain dan menawarkan transparansi dalam proses transaksi. Anda dapat mengunjungi berbagai forum dan grup diskusi untuk mendapatkan informasi lebih lanjut tentang pengalaman pengguna sebelumnya. Selanjutnya, perhatikan juga jenis permainan dan variasi slot yang ditawarkan.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Single-use plastics are a major contributor to landfill waste. [SEP] Text: In 2019, the world mismanaged 22% of its plastic waste and landfilled around 49% of that waste (OECD 2022). This uncontrolled waste causes severe damage to natural habitats and holds the risk to cause a significant disbalance in wildlife and natural ecosystems. There are countless use cases for plastics and one of them is food packaging. In fact, over 40% of all plastic applications are in the field of packaging, including commercial and industrial packaging (2021). This signifies the relevance of this. Plastic wrappings for food are established and widely accepted by the vast majority of people. However, the demand for the so-called “green”, i. e. environmentally sustainable materials is continuously increasing as awareness of the negative effects of plastic based waste is rising. Subsequently, scientists and producers have explored new bio-based materials in this field (Lambert and Wagner 2017). This research paper reviews various new materials and substitutes for conventional fossil-based plastics in relation to food packaging, as well as their relation to the circular economy. With the focus on environmental sustainability, particularly bio-based plastics, this paper aims to contribute to scientific research and development by critically reviewing various new materials and substitutes for conventional fossil-based plastics in relation to food packaging, as well as their relation to the circular economy. A systematic literature review is conducted to highlight bio-based innovations in the food-packaging industry. For the sake of a more convenient reading experience, the paper uses the terms: conventional fossil- or fossil-fuel-based single-use plastic, which is interchangeable with one-way plastic; bio-based plastic or polymers, refers to plastics made from biomass, i. e. plants and animals; and environmental sustainability, which is synonymous to ecological sustainability and refers to responsible interaction with the environment. After introducing the theoretical background and research gap, the methodological approach is explained and the results of the literature review are presented. The discussion section focuses advantages and disadvantages of bio-based plastics along the value chain of plastic packaging. Additionally, a circularity framework for bio-based plastics is developed to differentiate the various innovations with regard to material origin, biodegradability and end-of-life scenarios. Implications for future research are discussed, including connections to the resource nexus perspectives. 2 Theoretical backgroundThis 2.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Reforestation efforts can help mitigate climate change by absorbing CO₂ emissions. [SEP] Text: I am also very concerned about environmental issues and their consequences, especially for future generations. I decided, as far as possible, to gear my scientific career towards developing approaches that can contribute to a sustainable future. I feel very proud of contributing to projects aiming to develop practical devices for producing clean fuels from abundant and feasible materials. My future goal is to lead a research project developing new materials and approaches than can help to meet, in a safe and environmentally friendly way, current energy demands. : : (), the TODAM project, I am responsible for designing, synthesising and understanding basic properties of synthetic organic (carbon-based) dyes. I was raised in a region known as ‘the of Poland’ because of its vast forest, post-glacial lakes, basins and river valleys. I used to spend a lot of time in woods learning about wildlife, different environments and how ecology relates to modern society. As child, I often watched documentaries and read books related to botany and zoology. I found the most fascinating parts were related to discovering a new functionality of a known species. This led me towards nature-inspired organic chemistry and bio-based materials. For me, the most rewarding thing in the field of synthesis of organic dyes is when non-coloured compounds (simple and small molecules) react to form products with intense colours (larger molecules with more complex structure). The challenge is that even small differences in the reaction conditions or traces of impurity in the substances used can lead to results that can’t be reproduced. However, sometimes an unfortunate mistake leads to a very fortunate discovery. A scientist should always try their best to understand what has happened in the reaction flask! : : a kid, I was always curious about how things work. I wanted to understand the workings of artificial things such as an electric toy car, a home radio, the dynamo of a bike, but also natural phenomena such as day and night, seasons, rain, and snow. I learned lots at school, but also learned by watching TV and through life experience – when something broke at home, I was always happy trying to fix it! I came to in the field of science very late and by chance. decided to study chemical engineering, I was dreaming of being an engineer in the oil and gas industry, which is one of the best sectors to work in in Algeria. However, after finishing my first degree I decided to continue my studies and live abroad.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Pilihlah penyedia yang menawarkan berbagai pilihan slot pulsa, termasuk slot deposit pulsa tanpa potongan. Dengan banyaknya pilihan, Anda bisa menemukan permainan yang sesuai dengan selera dan preferensi Anda. Pastikan juga untuk mengecek apakah ada bonus atau promosi yang menarik yang bisa meningkatkan pengalaman bermain Anda. Terakhir, jangan lupa untuk mempertimbangkan metode pembayaran yang disediakan. Idealnya, cari penyedia slot pulsa yang menawarkan kemudahan dalam transaksi, seperti slot pulsa Indosat dan slot pulsa Telkomsel, tanpa potongan. Hal ini akan memastikan bahwa Anda dapat menikmati permainan dengan lebih nyaman dan tanpa khawatir akan biaya tambahan yang tidak perlu. di WTN di WTN Crown memberikan banyak keuntungan yang tidak bisa Anda abaikan. Salah satu kelebihan utamanya adalah kemudahan dalam melakukan transaksi. Dengan sistem slot pulsa, Anda dapat melakukan deposit menggunakan pulsa Indosat atau Telkomsel tanpa mengalami potongan yang mengurangi saldo Anda. Ini jelas menguntungkan, terutama bagi para pemain yang ingin memaksimalkan pengalaman bermain mereka. Selain itu, WTN Crown menawarkan pengalaman bermain yang aman dan nyaman. Platform ini dirancang dengan keamanan yang tinggi, sehingga Anda tidak perlu khawatir tentang data pribadi atau transaksi Anda.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Single-use plastics are a major contributor to landfill waste. [SEP] Text: Table 1 Table of innovations (materials for bio-based polymers and additives) (own presentation)Full size tableTable 2 Material origin for the production of bio-based plastics (own presentation)Full size tableThe main environmental problem is the “inadequate treatment and inefficient management of the increasing volume of plastic waste” (Pinheiro de Souza et al. 2022, p. 2). Commercially available plastics are often not biodegradable due to their chemical composition, so they end up in landfill or are incinerated, releasing many greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CO2 (2021). This is especially important considering the relatively short lifespan of regular plastic packaging in the food sector or a conventional plastic bag compared to cotton, aluminium, or something similar. Furthermore, the production of fossil-based plastics accounts for approximately 8% of the global oil and gas production (Lambert and Wagner 2017). Due to the fact that common Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) plastics and many similar kinds have a half-life starting from 58 years for bottles, up to 1200 years when looking at plastic pipes (Chamas et al. 2020), the plastic will not disappear or biodegrade into compostable materials in a reasonable time. This results in large amounts of waste being disposed of and accumulating in ecosystems and polluting and disrupting them in the long term (Lamberti et al. 2020; Pinheiro de Souza et al. 2022). A prominent example is the in the Pacific Ocean, which currently contains around 80,000 tonnes of plastic and is estimated to be three times the size of France (Cleanup 2022). Apart from wildlife and environmental damage, this marine pollution affects the human food chain due to chemicals absorbed by animals and eventually finding their way to the food which is consumed. Moreover, it also comes with economic aftermaths. A reported 13 billion dollars per year must be spent, just to handle the impacts on tourism, fisheries, aquaculture and clean-ups, not including the impact on human health and marine ecosystem (Cleanup 2022). 3 MethodologyThe review is done through a systematic literature review (SLR), as well as a subsequent content analysis. Systematic literature reviews provide a structured, detailed and replicable method (Tranfield et al. 2003).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Reforestation efforts can help mitigate climate change by absorbing CO₂ emissions. [SEP] Text: Can information and communication technology and institutional quality help mitigate climate change in E7 economies? An environmental Kuznets curve extension access Published: 15 September 2022 Can information and communication technology and institutional quality help mitigate climate change in E7 economies? An environmental Kuznets curve extension : orcid. org/0000-0002-7567-98856, Asiedu B. Ampomah1, Festus V. : orcid. org/0000-0003-4948-69052,3,4 & …Simplice A. Asongu5 Show authors Journal of 7. Footnote 1 In 2017, all of the countries highlighted in the E7 bloc were within the top 25 nations accounting for global CO2 emissions. Chain was reported to have produced 9898. 3 million metric tons, making it the first on the list. In comparison to the other countries, India manufactured 2466. 8 million metric tons of pollutant, which placed it third, whereas Russia produced 1692. 8 million metric tons, placing it in fourth position. Mexico was 11th, having produced 490. 3 million metric tons of pollutants, and Indonesia was 12th, having realized 486. 8 million metric tons of pollutants. Additionally, Brazil was ranked 13th in terms of 476. 1 million metric tons of pollutants. Meanwhile, in relation to greenhouse gas emissions, the Turkish Republic, which was the last of the E7 nations to be added to the list, was ranked at number 15th, with CO2 emissions amounting to 447. 9 million metric tons (see www. usato. com). With these E7 CO2 emissions figures, we may infer that the E7 economies are responsible for generating a significant amount of CO2 because of their commercial development. Beyond the extension of Asongu et al. (2018) as clarified above, our analysis adds to the existing studies discussed, on the following fronts:To our best of knowledge, this study examines the connection among ICT, economic globalization, institutional quality and CO2 emissions for the emerging seven (E7) economies: (i) Additionally, most previous studies on the association between internet usage and carbon dioxide emissions have been based on panel data models that have failed to consider the issue of cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity which are relevant in providing robust findings [see Lu (2018) for 12 Asian countries, Amri (2018) for Tunisia and Nguyen et al.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Horizontal gene transfer allows bacteria to acquire new traits. [SEP] Text: Dengan pelayanan pelanggan yang responsif, Anda bisa mendapatkan bantuan kapan saja jika mengalami kesulitan. Ini menciptakan lingkungan bermain yang menyenangkan bagi setiap anggota. Tak hanya itu, kelebihan lainnya adalah variasi permainan yang ditawarkan. WTN Crown menyediakan beragam pilihan slot yang menarik, sehingga Anda tidak akan merasa bosan. Dengan berbagai tema dan fitur menarik, Anda bisa dengan mudah menemukan permainan yang sesuai dengan selera Anda. Bergabung dengan WTN Crown adalah langkah yang tepat untuk menikmati pengalaman slot yang seru dan menguntungkan. Kesimpulan dan permainan slot pulsa memang menjadi salah satu cara yang menarik untuk menghabiskan waktu dan sekaligus berpotensi meraih keuntungan. Dengan menggunakan slot pulsa Indosat dan Telkomsel, para pemain dapat merasakan kemudahan dalam melakukan deposit tanpa potongan, sehingga lebih banyak keuntungan yang bisa diraih. Hal ini menjadikan slot pulsa sebagai pilihan yang sangat menguntungkan bagi pemain yang ingin merasakan sensasi permainan tanpa khawatir akan biaya tambahan. Dalam memilih situs atau platform untuk bermain slot pulsa, sangat penting untuk memastikan bahwa situs tersebut terpercaya dan menawarkan layanan yang memadai. Salah satu situs yang direkomendasikan adalah yang menyediakan berbagai jenis slot pulsa dengan berbagai penawaran menarik.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Single-use plastics are a major contributor to landfill waste. [SEP] Text: Therefore, the design of a value chain as a cycle may very well lead to an increase in resource consumption at another point. As an example, Potting et al. (2017) cite the effort involved in cleaning and dismantling contaminated plastics, which requires a lot of energy, often derived from fossil fuels. Furthermore, the composting of biodegradable waste in landfills releases large amounts of GHG, such as methane and carbon dioxide and water pollution, which in turn has an impact on the climate (Mahpuz et al. 2022; Deckert 2016; Venkatesh et al. 2021). Moreover, according to Deckert (2016) the recyclability of materials is limited due to their nature and the stresses and strains they undergo during the recycling process. That is the reason why a product cannot be returned to the cycle an infinite number of times, which is reflected in a recycling rate of less than 100%. This ultimately results in downcycling, which reduces the value of the product (Deckert 2016). In Potting’s model, this corresponds to stage R9-Recover. 5. 3 Corporate perspectiveImportant players for innovation and implementation of new bio-based plastic substitutes are companies. For producers as well as retailers, it is important that the packaging materials for food provide standards in quality, safety, and efficiency (Mahpuz et al. 2022). In addition to requirements regarding health and damage protection, there are different demands for visual features and shelf life in general. The packaging should be transparent to allow a view of the product inside (Moussaoui et al. 2022; Zeng et al. 2022). Compared to conventional plastics, this seems to be quite complicated because of the properties of the different materials. Also, the condition of transparency can change over time as the components react to environmental influences, which could lead to an unsightly appearance (Mahpuz et al. 2022; Klinmalai et al. 2021; Mansingh et al. 2022). This creates the risk of food being discarded prematurely due to the appearance of the packaging, which has a negative impact on food waste prevention. The next challenge to a colourless transparency is to achieve a protection against UV-radiation, because this also negatively impacts the shelf life (Ashraf et al. 2021; Etxabide et al. 2022).

Output: pass