Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: CFU/m3. The levels of fungi were between 524 and 1, 992 CFU/m3 with an average value equal to 1, 087 CFU/m3. The isolated bacteria were Micrococcus sp. , S. aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus sp. , and Neisseria sp. The isolated fungi were Cladosporium sp. , Alternaria sp. , Penicillium sp. , and Aspergillus sp. The microbiological quality of air in the investigated rooms in the Bucharest school as well as in the Giurgiu school changed significantly during the school day. The highest levels were found around 11:00 a. m. in classrooms with large numbers of persons inside. Most of the levels identified in the study were under the limit of 1, 000 CFU/m3, with the exceptions of one measurement in the school in Bucharest and four measurements in the school in Giurgiu City. Also, the presence of Streptococcus beta hemolytic and coliform bacteria in classrooms air represents a threat to the health of children. This threat appears to be greater in the school in Giurgiu City. The fungi levels identified in offices and archives were over the limit accepted in Romania. Isolated fungi species include Cladosporium, A. flavus, A. niger, and Penicillium sp. In the case of the shop with only a ground floor and the supermarket, it is obvious that the size of the shop, the numbers of floors, and the numbers of departments in the shop can induce a high bacteriological contamination of air due to the high number of people visiting the shops. The air contamination in the supermarket was found to be higher at the ground floor and at the third and fourth floors. The high level of bacteriological contamination at the ground floor is probably due to the large number of visitors, while at the third and fourth floor it is probably due to the accumulation of bacteria coming from the first and second floors. In the shop with only a ground floor, the levels of air contamination in the evening were lower than in the morning. It is probable that this type of shop has better ventilation. High levels of staphylococci and the presence of Streptococcus in air can be dangerous for human health, and it is necessary to have a very strong disinfection action. Advertisement 9.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: 5, 5 and 10 µM in DMSO) with all experiments, except for Western blotting where we used PAC at 5 µM, only. Assay: Cells were seeded at 3 × 105 cells/well in 6-well cell culture plates, and culture for 24 h. Culture were then stimulated exposed to vehicle control (DMSO) or various concentrations of PAC (0, 1, 2. 5, 5 and 10 µM) for 24 h. At the end of the stimulation period, the culture medium of each condition was supplemented with MTT solution at 0. 5 mg/mL then incubated for 3 h at 37ºC in the dark. The cells were washed, then 1 ml of 0. 04 N HCl in isopropanol was added to the culture wells, followed by an extended 15-min incubation. Finally, 200 µl of the reaction mixture (in triplicate) was transferred to the wells of a 96-well flat-bottom plate and the absorbance was measured at 550 nm using iMark reader (Bio-Rad). The cell viability (percentage) was determined by using the following formula: % of cell viability = [(OD550 nm (treated cell)/(OD (control cell)] × 100. This experiment was repeated 7 times. To support the cell viability assay we performed lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity measurement using culture supernatants. Supernatants were collected from each condition after exposure or not of the cells to PAC for 24 h. The LDH activity was measured by means of an LDH kit from (Sigma-Aldrich), as outlined in our previous work 28. The experiment was repeated 4 independent times. Assay Ca9-22 cells were seeded into 6-well plates at 103 cells per well for 24 h, before being treated with various concentrations of PAC. The culture medium was changed every 2 or 3 days. After 2 weeks, the cell clones that survived were fixed by 100% ethanol for 10 min. After washing twice by PBS, cells were then stained with 0. 5% crystal violet for 30 min and they were photographed with a digital camera. Annexin V-with propidium iodide Ca9-22 cells were seeded into T25 flasks the exposed to 1 µM, 2. 5 µM, 5 µM or 10 µM of PAC, for 24 h and 48 h, at 37 °C.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: This suggests that increasing outdoor activities in natural settings enhances adolescents' adaptive capacity against stress [18]. Dzhambov and Lercher (2022), in an online survey of 323 students (21. 99 ± 3. 10 years; 31% male), found that approximately 33% and 20% of students reported clinically significant moderate depressive and anxiety symptoms. Visible rich greenery from homes or nearby locations was associated with a reduction in depressive/anxiety symptoms and lower rates of depression/anxiety, indicating a significant supportive role of greenery in mental health19. Mattila and Korhonen (2020) utilized immersive virtual reality (VR) technology to explore the restorative effects of forest environments, demonstrating that forest environments possess high restorative properties, improving perceived restoration effects, vitality, and mood20. Meuwese and Dijkstra (2021), focusing on individuals with depression, exposed them to different videos (architectural and natural environments) after a disturbance. The experiment noted a greater abundance of positive emotions provided by natural environments21. Wang and Xu (2021) employed EEG technology and surveys to assess psychological and physiological responses to seasonal landscapes. The experiment revealed significant differences between winter and summer landscapes, with only winter landscapes showing significant gender differences. Furthermore, values for ROS and WTV were higher in summer landscapes compared to winter landscapes23. In conclusion, these studies compellingly demonstrate from various perspectives that nature contributes significantly to mental health, particularly in reducing stress levels. Summarizing extensive research, we find: (1) Natural environments possess evident restorative effects24–27. (2) Natural environments exhibit more pronounced restorative effects than other environments (urban environments, built environments, etc. ) 26,28–30. (3) Natural environments yield discernible restorative effects across most age groups and social demographics24,31–34. In the course of numerous studies on the restorative effects of natural environments, two prominent and classical theories have provided fundamental conceptual explanations and pathways for their impact: Theory (SRT)35]and Theory (ART) 36. This paper is grounded in these two prominent theories. Theory (SRT), initially proposed by Ulrich (1983) in the United States, focuses primarily on the visual perception of the environment in his psychoevolutionary theory. Humans exhibit an evolutionary aesthetic preference for natural environments.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: ConclusionsFrom this study, several conclusions can be drawn:Biological contamination (bacteriological and fungal contamination) represents a constant element that was identified in all Romanian houses. All results showed that the levels of bacteria in indoor air are higher than the allowed limit (2, 500 CFU/m3 air for bacteria at 37°—limits admitted in Romania for rooms in a house). In schools, the levels of bacteriological contamination of air must not exceed 1, 500 CFU/m3 for bacteria at 37°. The presence of coliform bacteria and hemolytic bacteria are not allowed in the air inside education units). Concerning the indoor air pollution with fungi, the results showed a high level of contamination exceeding the allowed limit in Romania of 550 CFU/m3 for fungi in air. Biological contamination of air in schools can represent a threat for children health. This situation is obvious especially in schools outside Bucharest. In work environment like offices or archives, the presence of fungi may represent a health risk for those who are exposed during the work process. In the shops, a high biological contamination can be identified not only due to the numerous visitors but also by the numerous vendors present inside. The employees can be exposed during the working days to an important bacteriological load. The hygienic quality of indoor air is revealed by the levels of biological air contaminants (bacteria and fungi). A poor biological quality of air in all investigated environments was identified in the present study. A constant exposure to biological contaminants (bacteria and fungi) from air can induce specific pathologies like asthma, allergic diseases, digestive diseases, and other infectious diseases. Among the isolated fungi, there were strongly allergenic and toxic species. The increased level of fungal flora in insufficiently ventilated rooms could be a reason for serious health problems of people occupying and working in those rooms. All the investigated places require measurement to ensure good ventilation and proper measures of hygiene. 1. in Assessment of Health Risks, Work conducted by a WHO between 2000-2003. Edited by (2009). 2. WHO Guidelines for Quality: Dampness and (2009). 3. Organization. Pollutants: Exposure and office for Europe (EURO Reports and 78) (1983). 4. . Predictors of airborne endotoxin in the home. Persp (2001), 109:859-64. 5. .

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: After exposure, cells were detached from the flasks using 0. 05% trypsin and 0. 01% EDTA, centrifuged, washed by PBS and the pellet was suspended in 300 µl phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and incubated with 0. 5 µl annexin V-FITC and 0. 5 µl of propidium iodide at room temperature for 30 min in the dark. Stained cells were subjected to flow cytometry analyses, using a “LSRII” or “CantoII” cytometer instrument from BD Biosciences. Data analysis was made by FACS Diva software v. 6. 1. 3. The experiments were repeated 5 independent times. percentage depending on the various phases of the cell cycle was measured by using the fluorescent DNA dye 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) (Sigma, USA), as previously described 29. Briefly, oral cancer cells were treated with different PAC concentrations (1 µM, 2. 5 µM, 5 µM or 10 µM) for 24 h. They were then incubated in the presence of 7-AAD at 1 µg/mL for 30 min at 37ºC. The fluorescence intensities of DNA were detected with “LSRII” or “CantoII” (BD Biosciences). Data were analyzed by FACSDiva software v. 6. 1. 3 and experiments were done in triplicates, n = 5. Pancaspase activity assay by flow cytometry The pancaspase activity in ca 9–22 treated by various concentration of PAC was evaluated by use Kit (FITC-VAD-FMK) from Calbiochem. Briefly; 1 × 106 cells were treated or not by different concentration of PAC for 24 h. After PAC-treatment, 1 µl FITC-VAD-FMK was added into each culture and incubate for 1 h in a 37 °C incubator with 5% CO2 and then, the cells were re-suspended in 0. 3 ml wash buffer before quantification by flow cytometry using the FL-1 channel (n = 5).

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Visiting natural environments visually provides a pleasant setting, facilitating stress reduction by limiting negative thoughts, eliciting positive emotions, and enhancing the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system37. Theory (ART), introduced by Kaplan (1995), suggests that individuals experiencing directed attention fatigue recover more quickly through soft fascination. This refers to effortless attention, drawn by inherently engaging stimuli that require no mental resources and are quite complex and coherent38. Kaplan (2018) later added that walking in nature is considered a form of soft fascination, while watching television is a form of strong fascination. Individuals use soft fascination to replenish non-directed attention, which subsequently supplements directed attention39. Building upon these two theories, numerous scholars have conducted research on the psychological restorative effects of natural environments4,25,27,40–42. Based on empirical evidence, these studies robustly demonstrate from various perspectives that proximity to nature is beneficial for psychological restoration. These studies generally agree that: (1) Natural environments can provide effects that restore attention and alleviate stress. (2) These effects not only impact psychology but also influence behavior43–46. Based on various studies on psychologically restorative environments, R. M. Schafer (1994) conducted field recordings to study the psychological restorative effects of the soundscape in natural environments in "The tuning of the world: Toward a theory of soundscape design" 47. He emphasized that experiencing the soundscape should be approached like listening to a musical composition and is often referred to as the "father of acoustic ecology"1. Schafer subsequently conducted research in his home country, exploring the impact of sound on individuals and striving to find positive environmental acoustic means in line with ecological strategies. He initiated the Project, conducting systematic investigations into the ecological soundscapes of several cities and rural landscapes in Europe, subsequently publishing works such as "Diary" and "Soundscape," marking the exploration phase of European soundscape research. From this point onward, scientists have progressively turned their attention to the psychological restorative effects of natural soundscapes. Numerous studies have demonstrated the value of natural soundscapes in providing emotional and psychological restoration48–56. Building on these studies, an increasing number of scholars have begun to analyze the psychological restorative effects of soundscapes from various perspectives.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: Predictors of high endotoxin concentrations in the settled dust of German homes. (2002), 12(1):2-9. 6. Baun-. Environmental exposure to endotoxin and its relation to asthma in school-age children. N Med (2002), 347(12):869-77. 7. . Schreuer M, Nowak D, Braun-Fahrländer C. Determinants of endotoxin levels in living environments of farmers’ children and their peers from rural areas. Allergy (2004), 34:389-397. 8. Park J-. Longitudinal study of dust and airborne, endotoxin. Perspect (2000), 108(11):1023-1028. 9. Douwes J. (1-3)-β-D-glucans and respiratory health: a review of the scientific evidence. (2005), 15: 160-169. 10. van der. (1 → 3)-β-D-glucans and endotoxin in house dust and peak flow variability in children. (2000), 162: 1348-1354. 11. . Fungal pollution of indoor environments and its management. (Oct 2012), 19(4): 405-426. 12. Center—Quality &. 12, Biological P13. Institute of Medicine (IOM). of Sciences, Committee on the Assessment of Asthma and Indoor Air. Clearing the Air: Asthma and Exposures. (2000). 14. . Prevalence and predictors of work related respiratory symptoms in workers exposed to organic dusts. Med (1998), 55(10):668-672. 15. Flamant-Hulin M, Annesi-Maesano I, Caillaud D. Relationships between molds and asthma suggesting non-allergic mechanisms. A rural-urban comparison, Immunol (2013), 24: 345-351. 16. . Indoor environmental exposures and exacerbation of asthma: an update to the 2000 review by the Institute of Medicine. Perspect (January 2015), 123(1): 6-20. 17. . Respiratory and allergic health effects of dampness, mold, and dampness-related agents: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Perspect (2011), 119:748-756. 18. Annesi-Maesano I. Indoor exposition to molds and health outcome.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Cell Autophagy: To determine the in vitro effect of PAC on Ca9-22 cells autophagy in, we used ICT’s (Red) from ImmunoChemistry Technologies. Briefly, Ca9-22 cells were stimulated or not with various concentrations of PAC for 24 h, detached from the culture plates, then incubated with a diluted Autophagy Probe, Red at 1:50 for 1 h in the dark, washed three times with the cellular assay buffer. Stained cells were afterwards analyzed by flow cytometry, (n = 4). Stress: Expression of cellular ROS was evaluated by using a specific assay kit from ImmunoChemistry Technologies. In short, Ca9-22 cells were seeded and cultured from 24 h, then were exposed to different concentrations (1 µM, 2. 5 µM, 5 µM or 10 µM) of PAC for 24 h. Total ROS Green dye molecule was added to 106 cells/mL of each culture condition for 1 h in the dark at 37 °C before making the analysis with BD Accuri C6 (BD Biosciences). For evaluating levels of intracellular GSH, ThioBright™ Green reagent was first reconstituted in DMSO, added to the cell suspension (1:200), and then incubated for 30 min in the dark. After washing with PBS twice, fluorescence intensity was determined by System (BD Biosciences), and the percentage of GSH-positive cells was calculated. Experiments were done in triplicates. Potential (MMP) MMP expression reduced by PAC was measured by DiOC(2)(3)-based flow cytometry. Ca9-22 cells (106) were seeded into a T325 flask. After overnight incubation for adherence, cells were treated with different concentrations of PAC (0, 1, 2. 5, 5 and 10 µM). After 24 h of treatment, 50 nM of DiOC2(3) were added to each condition for 30 min. Celles were collected and subjected to flow cytometry analyses using a “LSRII” or “CantoII” cytometer instruments from BD Biosciences. Data analysis was made by FACSDiva software v. 6. 1. 3. , (n = 4).

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Examples include investigations into the restorative effects of natural soundscapes from different locations (rural areas57, urban parks58, forest parks, national parks1) and the restorative effects of different elements within natural soundscapes (birdsong [57], flowing water59, wind sounds60, insect chirping61, etc. ). Research indicates that natural soundscapes from different locations have varying effects on individuals' restoration outcomes. Here are specific examples from different studies: Chen and Yu (2021) conducted an experiment in Shangri-La, China, and found that visitors preferred natural sounds containing biotic elements, such as the sounds of streams and bird calls. They gathered insights into people's soundscape p57. and Vanhecke (2019) studied urban parks, playing eight different types of natural sounds for 165 participants. They discovered that in urban parks, most people preferred a balanced combination of various types of natural sounds, with notable emphasis on bird songs and house sparrows58. Uebel and Marselle (2021) treated urban green spaces as soundscapes for their research, delving into the perceived restorative qualities of urban green soundscapes. One of their findings highlighted that a rich perception of bird sounds provided the greatest restorative effect for park soundscapes. The study involved 162 participants62. Fang and Gao (2021) conducted a soundscape study in an urban recreational forest park, revealing that people favored the rustling of leaves and the sound of water in natural soundscapes. These sounds may contribute to a more effective restoration experience for individuals63. These research findings underscore the significance of soundscapes in different environments and suggest that p0. 001). Insects' sounds were more likely to evoke feelings of comfort and excitement, while bird sounds were more likely to arouse curiosity. There was no significant correlation between physiological and psychological indicators1. Soeta and Ariki (2020) conducted preference analysis in Japan. They found that the bird songs of Horornis diphone and Cuculus canorus appeared to be ideal information signals, as they were both significant and preferred. Regarding the songs of insects, the song of Tanna japonensis seemed to be an ideal signal as it was prominent and preferred, possibly because they are ubiquitous in Japan and are popular there64.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: (2013), 23; 21-25. 19. . Prevalence and predictors of work related respiratory symptoms in workers exposed to organic dusts. Med (1998), 55(10):668-672. 20. Fung F, Hughson WG. Health effects of indoor fungal bioaerosol exposure. Air 2002, 46-51. 21. Joshi SM. The sick building syndrome. Med (Aug 2008), 12(2): 61-64. 22. . Sick building syndrome (SBS) and exposure to water-damaged buildings: time series study, clinical trial and mechanisms, (2006), 28(5):573-588, Epub 2006. 23. Fraczek K, Górny RL. Microbial air quality at Szczawnica sanatorium, Poland. (2011), 18, 63-71. 24. Madureira J, Paciência de Oliveira FE. Assessment and determinants of airborne bacterial and fungal concentrations in different indoor environments: homes, child day-care centres, primary schools and elderly care centres. Atmos. Environ (2015), 109: 139e146. 25. Solomon J. Leviston-District—Assessment. Leviston-School, (2005). 26. Stryjakowska-Sekulska M, Piotraszewska-. Microbiological quality of indoor air in university rooms. (2007), 16(4): 623-632. 27. Méheust -P. Indoor fungal contamination: health risks and measurement methods in hospitals, homes and workplaces, ISSN: 1040-841X (print), 1549-7828 (electronic). Microbiol. Online: 2013 USA. 28. Ulla L. Characterization of microorganisms in indoor environments. Publications of the Health Institute—Academic Dissertation, Kuopio (2008). 29. and Sauvé: Bioaerosol in Workplace: Evaluation, Control and Prevention Guide. Technical guide, 2001, www. irsst. qc. ca. 30. AIHA. for the Determination of in Environmental Samples. Fairfax, VA: (1996). 31. én A-. key action ‘Building’—research results achieved during the first three years period 1998-2000, 2002.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Assessment of To evaluate the mitochondrial superoxide production following treatments with PAC, we used an indicator named MitoSOX Red (Molecular Probes, Invitrogen), according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and afterwards performed a flow cytometry analysis. PAC-treated cells (1 µ M, 2. 5 µM, 5 µM or 10 µM) were incubated for 30 min with 5 µM MitoSOX at 37ºC in 5% CO2. They were then resuspended in 1 mL PBS, and analyses by means of flow cytometry with “LSRII” or “CantoII” (BD Biosciences) (n = 3). The effect of PAC at 5 µM on various proteins involved in MAPK pathways, apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle was evaluated by making use of Western blots. Briefly, 106 cells (stimulated and unstimulated) were harvested for extraction by RIPA lysis buffer. Protein concentrations were determined by the Bradford assay. For each sample, a mixture of 20 µg to 60 µg was added to an equal amount of loading buffer containing 10% β-mercaptoethanol and migrated through a 7–15% acrylamide gel. After electrophoretic separation, proteins were transferred from the gel to a nitrocellulose membrane to be blocked in a 5% milk solution for 1 h at 24ºC and put overnight in an incubator with appropriate concentrations of antibodies. Finally, a band detection was performed by an ECL (), according to instructions from its manufacturer. Statistical analysis All our experiments were repeated more than three times and the statistical significance obtained between controls (untreated cells) and tests (treated) with various concentrations of PAC was expressed as mean ± SD. Differences between values were determined if statistically significant using a one-way ANOVA. A p-value < 0. 05 was defined as significant. Results PAC selectively inhibits the growth of oral cancer cells, and increases apoptosis To evaluate the effect of PAC on normal and gingival cells affected by cancer to proliferate, we used the MTT assay. As presented in Fig. 1, PAC at various concentrations decrease the growth of oral cancer cells. This decrease was more important with higher concentration of PAC. Indeed, at 10 µM oral cancer cell growth was almost drastically reduced.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Wang and Zhang (2022) investigated the characteristics of soundscapes (such as loudness, frequency, preference, and auditory satisfaction) in the Park pilot area using 394 valid questionnaires from residents. They analyzed the impact of soundscapes on visual aesthetics using PLS-SEM. The results showed that the components of street vendors' sounds and insect sounds were the loudest in soundscapes, while the sounds of flowing water and birdsong were the most frequently heard and liked65. Liu (2022) combined six types of blue spaces with 14 sounds, using 65 volunteers to measure the restoration quality of audiovisual combinations through the (SRRS). Within a range of 1–9, the results were as follows: the water sound with the highest restoration quality was river sound (6. 94), followed by fountain sound (6. 59) and stream sound (6. 41), while the restoration quality of ocean waves sound was the lowest (5. 85) 66. In summary, with the efforts of a large number of scholars, the psychological restorative effects of natural soundscapes on people have been confirmed from multiple perspectives. However, we found that the current restorative research on soundscape still has the following four problems: (1) National forest parks have very rich and original natural soundscapes, but few scholars have focused on the analysis of natural soundscapes in national forest parks. (2) The comparative study of the restorative effect between different natural sound landscapes is still weak. (3) When going out to play, people cannot hear only one or two kinds of natural sounds, so it is very important to explore the restorative effect of natural combined sounds, yet there are few examples comparing the restorative effect difference between combined sounds and single-element sounds. (4) It is worth mentioning that a large number of studies have talked about the restorative effects of natural soundscapes, but there are basically no studies that specifically quantify how much restorative capacity each natural soundscape has. In addressing these issues, this study sampled the natural soundscapes, including and Combined Sound, of in China during the summer season (hereinafter referred to as Forest Park).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: Taking into account the indoor spatial distribution of the temperature and relative humidity values as well as the concentration values of pollutants (e. g CO, CO2 resulting of combustion), the development of distributed measuring systems [13][14] that can include personal computers (PCs) or mobile devices (e. g. PDAs [15] or smart phones [16]) based human-sensing system interface represents an important requirement for optimal indoor air quality monitoring. This 2. Air quality and its impact on respiratory diseasesAir conditions and respiratory assessment represent an important challenge taking into account that distress is the second most common symptom of adults transported by ambulance and is associated with a relatively high overall mortality before hospital discharge [3]. Among the most common causes of respiratory distress in this setting are congestive heart failure, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma [4]. It is projected that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020, due to an increase in smoking rates and demographic changes in many countries [5]. Worldwide, some 300 million people currently suffer from asthma. It is the most common chronic disease among children [6]. The economic burden of COPD in the US in 2007 was 42. 6 billion in health care costs and lost productivity [19]. The indoor air pollution is one of the factors associated with etiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. There are evidences that the environmental factors acting during early life and interacting with specific “asthma genes” are crucial for the development of chronic, persistent form of disease [20][21]. The identification of the indoor air associated with pathophysiology of COPD and asthma disease will thus be crucial for the primary-prevention strategy. Poor indoor air quality is becoming an increasing problem around the world because, in general, people are spending more time indoors. This problem is greater in infants who now spend less time playing outside. Reduction of indoor air quality - produced by mould growth, smoke exposure, cooking fire smoke (often using biomass fuels such as wood and animal dung), house dust mites in bedding, carpets and stuffed furniture, chemical irritants (i. e. perfumes), pet dander – may adversely affect the health of building occupants and exacerbate asthma and COPD attacks. Asthma attacks are mainly related to mould growth that is enabled by relative humidity high values for different temperature conditions.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Interesting, the decrease of normal human gingival epithelial cells growth following the exposure to 10 uM of PAC was too low compared to cancer cells. With 5 µM of PAC, there was an 80% growth reduction of oral cancer cells, but only 10–20% growth reduction of primary human gingival epithelial cells. These results demonstrated that normal human cells exhibit great resistance to PAC, in comparison to Ca9-22 cells. The effect of PAC on cancer cells was observable even at low concentration with an LC50 is around 3 µM. Its proliferation level decreased, from 86. 21% ± 4. 03% (p = 0. 007), 78. 41% ± 8. 23% (p = 0. 02), 24. 37% ± 7. 31% (p = 2. 39 × 10− 5) to 9. 85% ± 2. 16% (p = 6. 46 × 10− 9) respectively with PAC concentrations of 1, 2. 5, 5 or 10 µM (Fig. 1A). With GEC cells, a slight decrease was observed only at the highest concentration of PAC (10 µM) after 48 h (p = 0. 02) and 72 h (p = 0. 03), but any significant inhibition for all treatments (1 µM to 10 µM) was noticeable after 24 h. (Fig. 1B). These outcomes were confirmed using a cytotoxicity assay (Fig. 1C and 1D), a treatment with PAC was inducing dose- and time-dependent cell death in Ca9-22 (Fig. 1C) but not in GEC cells (Fig. 1D), suggesting a selective toxic effect of PAC on cancer rather than normal gingival epithelial cells. We also demonstrated a significant effect of PAC reducing the capacity of oral cancer cells to form colony but not in GEC (Fig. 1E). These outcomes clearly indicate as well that PAC is having preferentially anti-proliferative activity and cytotoxicity against Ca9-22 cells, but not on normal human gingival epithelial cells. We demonstrated that anti-proliferative effect of PAC on oral cancer cells goes through a cell cycle modification.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: The creation of three research hypotheses was made: H1: National forest parks' natural sounds have a significant restorative effect on human psychophysiology H2: Multiple-element natural soundscapes are more restorative than single-element natural soundscapes H3: Psychophysical recovery outcomes are significantly influenced by gender. In this study, we explored the relationship between natural soundscape and human psychological and physiological recovery in in summer by analysing the changes in physiological indicators and data on psychological indicators, revealed the comparative restorative effects between different elements of natural soundscape, and carried out a hierarchical clustering analysis of the restorative effects of the five types of natural soundscape according to psychological and physiological influences by means of experimental data. Finally, we constructed a mathematical model of the psychological and physiological restorative effects of natural soundscapes using ridge regression equations. Following implications will be provided by our study: (1) For the government: To find an alternative way to save public health care costs. It will help to increase the government's attention to mental problems, increase financial expenditures to build and protect the natural soundscape of the Park, and provide free psychological restorative places for ordinary families. (2) For NFP management authorities, the aim is to provide new insights into soundscape assessment and restorative soundscape planning and design of NFPs, and to improve soundscape layout planning and design. (3) For the public: to help the public understand more intuitively and clearly the restorative differences between different elements of the natural soundscape, and to guide the public to carry out recreational activities that are conducive to mental health. 2. Materials and Methods 2. 1 Area of experiment is situated at the junction of Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, and Sichuan provinces, lying between approximately 110°24′–110°28′ E longitude and 29°17′–29°21′ N latitude. It spans an area of approximately 4,810 hectares (Fig. 1). Renowned globally for its unique "Zhangjiajie Landform," the park is celebrated as a utopia far removed from the hustle and bustle of urban life. Additionally, it served as the backdrop for the film "Avatar. "2004, was designated as a World Geopark. Subsequently, in 2007, it was included among the first batch of China's national 5A-level tourist attractions.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: Mould spores, bacteria, and mildew thrive in dampened towels, washcloths, and moist or humid areas. Additionally, people with immune or respiratory system problems may more easily succumb to poor health caused by mould growth at home, which is mainly associated with humidity and temperature values. Improved heating systems and less ventilation from outside has also provided more suitable conditions for mould growth. Using air conditions sensing components as parts of an air quality measuring system, high risk disease conditions for indoor occupants can be avoided. Several solutions have been presented in the literature [9][13][22]. In order to assure mobility and flexibility, a wireless network for air quality is an interesting solution considering that the measuring nodes can be distributed in different regions of the house according with different monitoring scenarios. As the interface between a user and the network (human machine interface, HMI), can be used a low cost smart phone (Bluetooth enabled), a PDA (personal digital assistant), or situated displays with interaction capabilities (touch screen enabled). Advertisement 3. Air quality sensing and data processingThis section contains the description of the main components of a distributed smart sensing system that can be used for air quality assessment. Particular attention is dedicated to the implementation of the sensing nodes, to signal conditioning, and to signal processing of measurement data. Advertisement A. Sensing nodesThe sensing nodes are designed and implemented to perform the air quality (AirQ) monitoring using low cost gas sensors and, at the same time, to get additional information about the temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). This information is used to increase gas concentration measurement accuracy, performing the error compensation caused by temperature and humidity influence. The gas sensors can be sintered SnO2 semiconductor heated sensors, as those provided by Figaro [23], that assure pollution event detection (TGS800 – general air contaminant sensor - AC), methane detection (TGS842-M), alcohol and organic solvent detection (TGS822-SV) and carbon monoxide detection (TGS203-CO). Information about temperature and relative humidity are obtained using Smartec SMT160-30 [24] and Humirel HM1500 [25] temperature and relative humidity transducers, respectively. The gas sensors, connected to proper conditioning circuits, are devices that produce voltages whose values depend on the concentrations of gas expressed in ppm.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Indeed, Ca9-22 cells treated with 5 µM showed a cell-cycle arrest, by increasing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) such as p21, p27, p16 or p53 and Rb (retinoblastoma protein) which are tumor suppressor genes known to be inactive in most cancer types, while it inhibits oncogenes such as cyclin D1 or c-Myc. In addition, PAC can to reduce DNA damage on oral cancer cells by inhibition of H2A. X protein expression (Fig. 2A). The effect of PAC on cancer cells is involving specific inhibition of cell proliferation signaling pathways. Indeed, we demonstrated a significant decrease of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, p38, STAT and AKT phosphorylation. Also, PAC at 5 µM was decreasing the expression of NF-kB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways (Fig. 2B). Effect of treatments with PAC on cell cycle distribution in oral cells Cell cycle distribution, on Ca9-22 PAC-treated cells, was evaluated by flow cytometry using the fluorescent DNA dye 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD). Briefly, these were under treatment with different PAC concentrations for 24 h. Then, they were responding to PBS buffer before being incubated with 7-AAD Fig. 3 is presenting that different concentrations of PAC were altering Ca9-22 cell cycle distribution. However, percentage of G0/G1 population decreases dramatically, from 85. 95% ± 7. 14% in untreated cells to 9. 9% ± 3. 67% in cells treated with 10 µM of PAC. In contrary, the S population increases from 6. 85% ± 3. 74% in controls to 38. 95% ± 17. 18% using the same concentration it. The G2/M population is also doing it as the previous one, from 5. 05% ± 1. 34–48. 7% ± 13. 85% with the same treatment (Fig. 3A and 3B). PAC induces apoptosis in oral cancer cells by targeting the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. In determining the type of death induced by various concentrations of PAC on oral cancer cells, the fluorochrome-labeled annexin V with PI was used.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: The park, situated in the subtropical climate zone of Central Asia, boasts an impressive forest coverage of 98%, rendering it a well-known biodiversity conservation area in China. Owing to the diverse array of flora and fauna, the soundscape here is rich and varied, encompassing, but not limited to, bird calls, rustling leaves, flowing water, and insect sounds. Therefore, this study selected as the soundscape sampling site. 2. 2 Methods and processes 2. 2. 1 Sound recordings and materials This study employed a combined approach of outdoor (audio collection) and indoor (physiological and psychological measurements) experiments to mitigate the impact of uncontrollable factors such as ambient noise and weather conditions on the experiment. The five audio segments used in this study were collected on days with a mild breeze and light rain from August 13 to August 14, 2023. The audio data collection occurred during the time periods of 7:30 − 11:30 and 15:00–18:00, with humidity ranging from 92–94% and temperatures between 22. 7°C and 23. 4°C. Sony ICD-PX470 recording devices were positioned approximately 1. 5m above the water surface. During recording, the microphone end of the recording pen was kept perpendicular to the main wind direction to avoid wind-induced noise interference. In light of previous research, which commonly includes the study of natural sounds such as hydroacoustics, windy sound, birdsong, and insect chirping, this study selected one representative areas as sound sampling sites (Fig. 2). Considering potential factors of sound interference, the selected sound materials were edited to approximately 60 seconds using Clip software. 2. 2. 2 research has indicated that college students are ideal subjects for environmental psychology1,67. In this study, volunteers were recruited through online recruitment links and offline promotional methods, with each volunteer receiving a compensation of 10 Chinese Yuan. Ultimately, a total of 52 students from University of Forestry and Technology participated in the experiment (males: 26 individuals, 50%; females: 26 individuals, 50%), with ages ranging from 18 to 21 years. Participants were asked to have no history of mental illness, no alcohol abuse within 12 hours, and no cardiovascular disease 2. 2.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: Considering the voltage generated by a gas sensing unit based on a semiconductor heated sensor (TGS800 from Figaro), an air quality index ζ, is defined using the following relationζ=RSRS0=(VCVRL−1)⋅1(VCVRL0−1)E8where RS0 represents the sensor resistance for a clean air condition, RS represents the sensor resistance for the tested air, VC is the circuit power supply voltage, VRL is the load resistor voltage and VRL0 is the load resistor voltage for clean air. Sensor’s characteristic is non-linear and monotonic, decreasing sensor’s resistance ratio with contaminant gas concentration. Higher concentrations of contaminants originate lower values of resistance ratios. Moreover, since the sensor is designed for general contaminants detection, it is not possible to identify specific contaminants. So, according to the application requirements in terms of the maximum acceptable level of contamination, a coefficient (ζ) value equal to 0. 3 is considered for air pollution alarm. Considering that the used sensor has not good selectivity for each potential air contaminant, a look-up table, a polynomial, and a multilayer perceptron single-input single output neural network were designed and implemented to convert the value of ζ into air contaminants’ concentrations expressed in parts per million (ppm). The measurement data processing scheme that was implemented is represented in figure 4. Figure 4. Block diagram of the hybrid data processing scheme that was used to evaluate contaminants’ air concentrations. To test the performance of the proposed modeling scheme, a set of coefficient values (ζ), contained in the interval between 0. 15 and 1 (no pollution), and the correspondent values of air contaminants’ concentrations obtained from TGS800 sensitivity curves for methane, carbon monoxide, isobutane, hydrogen and ethanol, were considered. The calculation of polynomial coefficients, a1i, a2i, … api, is based on LS linear fit function (Givens method) that is implemented in LabVIEW. The calculated polynomial coefficients values that correspond to TGS800 sensitivity curves, such as the ones represented in figure 5, are stored in a memory and then used to perform the evaluation of air contaminants’ concentrations.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Our results show the presence of 4 different sub-populations referring to live cells (annexin V-/PI-), early apoptotic cells (annexin V+/PI-), late apoptotic cells (annexin V+/PI+) and necrotic cells (annexin V-/PI+). After 24 h of exposure to PAC, the percentage for the first population decreases from 96. 48% for untreated to 71. 29% with 5 µM, and 18. 32% with 10 µM. Conversely, the early apoptotic cells were increasing from 2. 56% with the control to 18. 62 with 5 µM. In late apoptotic population was much higher with PAC exposure ranging from, 1. 09% with the controls to 55. 46% with 10 µM of PAC. The necrotic population was also increasing from 0. 87% with the untreated cells to 24. 48% with 10 µM PAC treated oral cancer cells (Fig. 4A). To confirm apoptosis –inducing ability of PAC concentration on oral cancer cells, we evaluated caspase activation by using flow cytometry. Our results show that PAC dose – dependant increased apoptosis in terms of percentage of positive pancaspase in Ca9-22 cells (Fig. 4B). The effect of PAC of caspase signaling for oral cancer cell apoptosis was confirmed by Western blotting (Fig. 4C) showing that PAC at 5 µM strongly decreases Bcl-2 expression and increases that of pro-apoptotic Bax and cytochrome C as well as allows cleavage of PARP-1. The effect of PAC promoting cancer cell death involves caspase 3/9 (Fig. 4C). PAC promotes autophagy in oral cancer cells by targeting LC3B and p62 protein expression. To determine the different cellular mechanisms by which PAC exerts its anti-oral cancer function, we investigated the effect of PAC on cell autophagy. As shown in Fig. 5A and 5B, PAC at 5 µM strongly leads to autophagy in cancer cells. The percentage of positive cells detected by the (Red) was increasing from 0. 1125% ± 0. 15% in controls to 10. 57% ± 3. 35% (p = 0. 00066) and 28. 59 ± 13. 78% (p = 0.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: 3) T0: Pre-Experiment - Participants filled out the informed consent form. - Subsequently, baseline EEG data were recorded without exposure to auditory stimuli. - Following the data recording, participants completed the abbreviated POMS mood state inventory. - Upon completion, participants were instructed to relax, adjust to a comfortable sitting position, and stabilize their mood. T1: - Participants were instructed to wear the light-blocking eye masks and the experimental equipment, with a thorough examination and testing of the instruments conducted by experimenters to ensure proper functionality. - After the examination, auditory stimuli (1 minute of flowing water sounds, followed by 3 minutes of calm, 1 minute of wind rustling leaves, followed by 3 minutes of calm, 1 minute of bird calls, followed by 3 minutes of calm, 1 minute of insect chirping, followed by 3 minutes of calm, and a combination of various nature sounds) were presented using an iPhone 14 Pro and Air(Bluetooth earphones). - eSense attention and eSense relaxation indices were measured both before and after each segment of the auditory stimuli. T2:- After the completion of the auditory stimuli sequence, participants removed the eye masks. - Participants then filled out the POMS inventory again. - Following the completion of the inventory, a second measurement of eSense attention and eSense relaxation indices was conducted. After the experiment, the collected data were exported through a mobile application to generate an Excel table (version 2021), and the data obtained from the positive and negative emotion scales were imported into SPSS 26. 0 for further analysis. After collecting and organizing the collected EEG data and scales, the paired samples were analyzed after listening to the natural soundscape process. The results showed that the five natural soundscapes had different psychological and physiological effects on the participants. 3. Results 3. 1 The influence of natural soundscape on physiology. 3. 1. 1 Difference in relaxation (Pm) Firstly, a normality test was conducted on the Pm values before and after exposure to the five natural soundscapes. For data not conforming to a normal distribution, paired-sample Wilcoxon tests were employed, while paired-sample t-tests were utilized for data exhibiting normal distribution. The results of the tests revealed that the hydroacoustics, birdsong, and the combined sound of various natural elements did not exhibit normal characteristics, whereas demonstrated normal distribution.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: A point-to-point connection between the measurement node and an advanced processing and communication unit (a PC) permits to deliver the air quality data from the sensing node to the PC and to receive information, such as alarm thresholds, that is used to implement alarm mechanisms in the PDA. The acquired data is processed by the PDA and the results are displayed by the. Considering the cost of the implementation of the air quality sensing node based on a DAQ board plugged to a PDA, and also taking into account the evolution of the area of pervasive computing,, the authors decided to develop air quality monitoring systems based on smart phones and Bluetooth enabled smart sensors. The implemented architecture is presented in figure 10. Figure 10. Air quality virtual measuring system’s architecture based on a smart sensing node (SN) with Bluetooth communication capabilities, and on a smart phoneThe smart sensors indicated in figure 10 are specialized for temperature, air quality and air quality index measurement [16]. When monitoring large spaces, the number of sensing nodes increases, which means that point-to-multipoint architectures must be considered. Advertisement B. Point-to-multipoint Bluetooth architecture and embedded smart phone software An implementation of a point-to-multipoint network architecture that uses Bluetooth compatible smart sensing nodes is presented in figure 11. The sensing nodes provide information about the level of relative humidity, temperature, and air contaminants (e. g. undesired odours that can trigger respiratory disorders). As computation units and human machine interface are included a laptop PC that works as the system server, a touch panel computer (TPC) and a smart phone (SP). The implemented Bluetooth scatter net architecture assures the remote monitoring of the sensing nodes and data communication between the mobile device and smart sensor nodes. The hardware component of the system includes: sensors and conditioning circuits, a data acquisition device Bluetooth enabled (e. g. BlueSentry from Grid Connect), a smart phone with Bluetooth interface (e. g. N70 from Nokia), a situated display (NI TPC2106) Bluetooth compatible through a RS232-to-Bluetooth bridge, and a data communication, data processing and data storage unit (laptop PC). Figure 11.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: 0030) respectively for 5 µM or 10 µM of PAC. These observations were confirmed by showing an overexpression (high protein levels) of two autophagy markers (LC3B and p62) in Ca9-22 cells (Fig. 5C). PAC suppresses the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in oral cancer cells and mediates the anti-metastatic activity In Fig. 6A, we demonstrated that PAC at 5 µM inhibits the EMT in oral cancer cells, as shown by the increase of E-cadherin, while vimentin expression was decreasing. Metastatic cancer is also closely associated with cell migration. In this sense, we investigated the effect of various PAC concentrations on Ca9-22 cells migrating under treatment by using the (Scratch) Assay. As shown Fig. 6B, PAC at various concentrations was able to decrease the migration of oral cancer cells. Indeed, after 6 h of treatments with PAC, 100% of the scratch area was covered due to cell migration, in the controls, while less than 47% and 33% of the scratched area being covered following exposure to 5 µM or 10 µM, respectively. ROS production during treatments with PAC in oral cancer cells. Our data shows that the intracellular ROS accumulation induced by the treatment for 24 h with PAC was evaluated using a flow cytometer (Fig. 7). The percentage of ROS (+) is low with increased concentration of PAC as treatment. By pre-treating with NAC, the role of PAC in reducing oxidative stress was confirmed. We, therefore, suspect that PAC acts as a powerful antioxidant by producing intracellular glutathione (GSH). GSH generation during treatments with PAC in oral cancer cells. Figure 8 shows that PAC strongly increase the GSH expression with 2. 5 µM compared to controls. The percentage of GSH positive is going up, from 41% with non-treated cells to 69% and 87%, respectively after cell exposure to 5 µM or 10 µM of PAC, for 24 h. PAC is then confirmed to play a crucial role in producing GSH, an antioxidant. Mitochondrial membrane potential is reduced during treatments with PAC in oral cancer cells. The MMP expression that is reduced by PAC was measured by the MitoProbe DiOC2(3) for Flow Cytometry. As shown in Fig.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: The results revealed: (1) the Cohen's d value for Pm levels before and after exposure to Hydroacoustics-themed soundscapes was 0. 945, indicating a large effect size; (2) for Windy Sound-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 4. 873, representing an extremely large effect size; (3) for Birdsong-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 2. 985, indicating a large effect size; (4) for Insect Chirping-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 1. 752, indicating a large effect size; (5) for Combined Sound-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 3. 400, representing an extremely large effect size. In summary, listening to all five types of natural sounds significantly affected the improvement of Pm, with having the greatest impact, followed by Combined Sound, Birdsong, and Insect Chirping. Hydroacoustics had the least restorative effect on Pm. No significant differences between genders were observed in the difference values 1, 3, 4, and 5 (P > 0. 05) (Table 1). This implies that individuals of different genders exhibited consistency in the values of differences 1, 3, 4, and 5 after exposure to the four aforementioned soundscapes. Therefore, gender had no apparent influence on Pm changes after experiencing the specified soundscapes. The significance level for difference value 2 was 0. 01 (P = 0. 00), indicating a significant impact of gender on Pm changes after exposure to Windy Sound. Table 1 One-way ANOVA of gender and Pm before and after listening to five types of natural soundscape Difference value of Pm Gender(Standard deviation) F p 1. 0(n = 26) 2. 0(n = 26) Difference value 1: Hydroacoustics 10. 91 ± 15. 91 21. 83 ± 17. 23 5. 646 0. 021* Difference value 2: 16. 04 ± 2. 31 21. 80 ± 2. 85 64. 014 0. 000** Difference value 3: Birdsong 10. 18 ± 3. 59 11. 00 ± 3. 52 0. 688 0. 411 Difference value 4: 8. 95 ± 4. 67 10. 80 ± 5. 02 1. 883 0. 176 Difference value 5: 25. 51 ± 7. 85 28.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: Distributed air quality measurement architecture associated with respiratory distress triggering factors monitoring based on Bluetooth networking protocol (S1 and S2 are the sensing nodes characterized by T-temperature, H – relative humidity and X- air quality index measurement channel, TPC- touch panel computer, SP- smart phone)The software technologies used to develop the applications for the smart phone running Symbian OS and for the TPC running Windows CE OS, were Java2Me and LabVIEW. The application embedded in the smart phone was named SmartSense Mobile. AirQUbicomp is the application developed using LabVIEW 8. 6 Module for the TPC. This application provides the information about indoor air quality. The SmartSense application has the ability to identify the active smart sensing nodes, to establish a connection via Bluetooth with the nodes, to control the on/off state of the air quality index sensor (XairQ-sensor), and to collect voltage samples from relative humidity, temperature and air quality measuring channels of each node in single-shot mode or in continuous mode. SmartSense also assures the transfer of the indoor air quality values calculated and stored in the smart phone memory extension to the laptop PC through Bluetooth synchronization. After node(s) selection, the operator can choose between the “one sample” acquisition and continuous acquisition. The sample acquisition is triggered by the user in order to test the normal functioning of the sensing node or to verify the measurement accuracy of the considered air parameters (humidity, temperature or broadband pollution) during the system setup. Working in continuous acquisition mode, the smart phone application permits to prevent the asthma or COPD attacks through warnings issued when imposed thresholds previously stored in the Smartconfiguration file are exceeded. The sampling rate of the continuous acquisition mode is set using the text files received through Bluetooth from the PC that runs a SmartAdmin application [16]. Values of time intervals between two successive acquisitions in the 0. 5 min to 60 min interval were considered. These values are adapted to the smart phone’s available memory and also to the time constants of the system associated with temperature, humidity and XairQ index measurement. During continuous monitoring of the indoor air quality, the voltages received from the sensing nodes are converted into physical values by the Smartapplication and stored in this format. The acquired data are saved in a file or can be sent as an SMS to the phone whose number was written in the SmartSense configuration file.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: (2011) showing that PAC has similar effect against breast cancer 21,24. PAC decrease the cell proliferation through the deregulation of the cell cycle. Indeed, PAC treated cells showed high expression of CDKIs including p21, p27, p16 or p53 and Rb. It is well known that these genes suppress tumors, known for being inactive in most types of cancer and also for inhibiting genes with oncogenic functions like cyclin D1 or c-Myc. These molecules have a history of playing a major role in the cell-cycle arrest at G2/M, and ultimately induce inhibition of oral cancer cell proliferation. This is mediated by inhibiting several signaling pathways involved in cancer such as MAPK, Wnt and NF-kB. These data are in accordance with previous studies conducted by Al-Hujaily et al. (2011) and Al-Howail et al. (2016) reporting that PAC could be considered as a powerful nontoxic new chemotherapeutic agent against ER-negative tumors by triggering breast cancer cell apoptosis more than curcumin 21,24, downregulating ERα, c-Myc, cyclin D124 and inducing cell-cycle arrest at G2/M of this cancer cells 21. Also, our results demonstrate that PAC strongly induces oral cancer cell apoptosis mediated via the mitochondrial pathway by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratios, activating caspase-3/9 and cleaving PARP-1. We conclude that the PAC anti-oral cancer properties were controlled by impairing pro-survival signaling pathways and activating apoptosis pathways such as ERK1/2 activation, but not MEK1/2, AKT activation, NF-kB 35; 36;37 and β-catenin,38 known to be implicated in tumor progression and as well for their resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy in several cancer types. Indeed, it is clearly reported that several oncoproteins such as cyclin D1 and p21 are strongly destabilized by inhibition of ERK1/2 activation. Wnt/β-catenin is the key oncogenic signaling pathway found to be highly active in various types of cancer, including oral cancer 38,39. Similar observation was reported on breast cancer cells being treated with PAC 21;24.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Hierarchical clustering was performed based on Pm, Pa, PA, and NA indicators for different types of natural soundscapes (Fig. 7). The results (Fig. 8) show that hierarchical clustering based on Pm divides the natural soundscapes into 2 groups. Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and are grouped together, while and Birdsong form a separate category. This suggests consistent effects of Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and on Pm. Based on Pa(Fig. 9), the hierarchical clustering of virtual tourist destinations resulted in 2 clusters. Hydroacoustics and are grouped together, while Windy Sound, Birdsong, and form a separate category. Hierarchical clustering based on PA(Fig. 10) divides virtual tourist destinations into 2 clusters. Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and Birdsong are grouped together, while form a separate category. This indicates consistent effects of Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and Birdsong on PA. Hierarchical clustering based on NA (Fig. 11) divides virtual tourist destinations into 2 clusters. Hydroacoustics is grouped separately, while the other four types of natural soundscapes are collectively placed in another category. The results suggest consistent effects of the four soundscapes, except Hydroacoustics, on NA. 3. 4 Construction of ridge regression model of recovery effect The data below show ridge regression equation models between five natural soundscapes and psychological and physical recovery from national forest parks, and we hope to quantify the recovery effects of soundscapes as much as possible through such mathematical models 4, The results of ridge regression indicate that the significance level based on the F-test is 0. 000***, demonstrating significance at a high level. This suggests a regression relationship between the five natural soundscapes from the national forest park and Pm. Additionally, the goodness of fit for the model, represented by R², is 0. 973, indicating excellent model performance. The formula for the Pm model is: Pm = 6. 448་0. 382 × Windy Sound་0. 065 × Birdsong་0. 13 × Hydroacoustics་0. 078 × Insect Chirping་0. 412 × Combined Sound. Table 4 Ridge regression results on = 0.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: The continuous acquisition and data conversion software modules work together with an implemented alarm module that permits to generate acoustic alarms to inform that indoor air conditions are critical. The used threshold values (th) are included in table 1. ThMeasured factorsRH[%]T[ºC]XairQ[%]thmin301550thmax5030-Table 1. Threshold values for relative humidity, temperature and air quality index that was used to signalize a likelihood of asthma attack. During visual or acoustic signalling, a set of useful recommendations related to indoor air factors values and the actions necessary to change the indoor air conditions from critical to normal are available through the smart phone GUI. The AirQUbicomp application is designed to continuously monitor the air quality, generating visual and acoustic alarms according to the imposed thresholds. Active interaction with the touch panel computer is permitted after identification of the user through a numeric password. After identification, the user can modify the thresholds related to asthma or can define data logging elements such as the time between readings and the monitoring period (DLog TAB in Fig. 12). The values of temperature, air quality and air quality index as well as the alarms LEDs (AirQ Alarm) are part of the T-RH-XAirQ software TAB. In figure 12 the GUI associated with AirQUbicomp is presented. Figure 12. the developed Smartapplication different tests associated with indoor air quality monitoring were carried out. The data stored in the Nokia N70, is wireless transferred to the database implemented in the laptop PC. Some data related with continuous measurement of the asthma or COPD attack triggering factors are presented in figure 13. In figure 13 (a) the relative humidity is in the limit of automatic alarm generation (RH>50%) while temperature and air quality are inside the interval values associated with “no asthma or COPD attack conditions”. In figure 13 (b) can be observed low levels of the XairQ index when the measurement session started. Based on the information displayed, the user acted to improve the air quality (e. g. by opening the window). The air quality started to improve and, at the same time, room’s temperature and humidity change significantly. Figure 13.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Therefore, the strong PAC-dependent apoptosis could be of great value for inhibiting of oral cancer cell proliferation and inducing their death. In a recent study carried out by Al-Qasem et al. (2016), they have published the same effect of PAC on colon cancer cells. They concluded that PAC exhibits anti-colon cancer properties that have potential, by targeting cyclin D1 and suppressing JAK2/STAT3, AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways as well as their common downstream effector which is cyclin D1 25. We suggest that PAC suppresses the activation of MAPK and the induction of caspase cleavage, leading to the downregulation of several MAPK targets including cyclin D1, p53, and caspases, as Bax, Bcl-2 and cytochrome C. All these are playing key roles in oral tumorigenesis 40–42. We demonstrated that PAC promoted oral cancer cell autophagy and reduced oxidative stress via ROS production. Our results obtained here are in disagreement with several current research studies focusing on the use of anticancer treatments having an effect while apoptosis in cancer cells is induced by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, our findings are also in concordance with others recent studies reporting that increase in cellular O2 − and H2O2 by NADPH oxidase 43 are leading the stimulation of cancer cell proliferation by ROS-sensitive AKT/ERK signaling pathways and the reduction of cancer cell growth by blocking this enzyme 44; Dikalova et al. , 2010) by using mitoTEMPO, they significantly reduced ROS in cells and inhibited NADPH oxidase activity 43. As for Nazarewicz et al. (2013), they also reported that mitochondrial ROS scavenging by mitoTEMPO can block ROS-sensitive signaling pathways in cancer cells, cancer metabolism and induce cell death 45. Our data suggests that diminishing ROS production, by PAC-treated oral cancer cells, is altering cell signaling mediated by ROS-sensitive 1/2, and p38 as well as inducing cell death. The PAC-attenuation effect from these signaling pathways was the principal factor leading to dramatic changes in oral cancer cell metabolism.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: 078* 0. 971 0. 968 310. 949(0. 000***) 0. 272 0. 013 0. 287 20. 214 0. 000*** Birdsong 0. 226 0. 021 0. 225 10. 65 0. 000*** Hydroacoustics 0. 123 0. 025 0. 119 5. 002 0. 000*** 0. 048 0. 026 0. 045 1. 809 0. 077* 0. 306 0. 019 0. 288 16. 241 0. 000*** Note: 1. Dependent variable: PA 2. ***, ** and * represent significance levels of 1%, 5% and 10% respectively 4. Discussion 4. 1 The natural soundscape of the has physiologically restorative capacity This study reveals that, following the exposure to each natural acoustic landscape in Forest Park, China, the participants exhibit significantly altered brainwave values (p < 0. 001). This encompasses specific bands such as α, β, γ, as well as indices derived from these bands, including the eIndex (Pm) and eIndex (Pa). Specifically, a substantial majority of participants experience a noticeable increase in Pm values and a pronounced decrease in Pa values after listening to these five natural acoustic landscapes. The elevation in Pm values suggests an enhancement in the participants' relaxation levels. Zhang and Tan utilized the Pm index to explore the relaxation levels of 70 university students after virtual tourism, stating, "After visiting virtual tourist spots, participants exhibited a significant increase in relaxation levels, manifested by a noticeable rise in the Pm index" 76. In our experiment, we found that all five common natural acoustic landscapes led to a significant increase in Pm. demonstrated the largest effect size on Pm, with a Cohen's d value of 4. 873, surpassing even the Cohen's d value of Combined Sound. This may be attributed to the fact that the chosen sound collection site in is near water, where a narrow pathway creates a "canyon effect," accelerating wind speed. Additionally, the water's abundance of leaves generates a pleasant rustling sound as the wind passes through, contributing to Windy Sound's pronounced relaxation effect. Wang and He (2022) conducted soundscape research in the trial area of Park in China, focusing on the restorative impact of soundscape on participants using heart rate, respiratory rate, and skin conductance levels.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: S1 node monitoring of respiratory distress triggering factorsIn order to find correlations between the air quality and the values of physiological parameters, such as oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR), a digital pulse oxymeter and electrocardiograph apparatus ECG Medlab P-OX 100 was used for testing purposes. Table 2 presents the results of SpO2 and HR for two volunteers, with and without respiratory distress history (RD-N, RD-Y). The physiological values were measured in the same room and for the volunteers seated on a chair. Analyzing the data from table 2, one can notice that in case of the healthy individual (RD-N), values of XairQ lower than 80% and of RH near 50% do not induce changes in HR and SpO2, while a significant increase in the HR of RD-Y is felt. SensornodeT(ºC)RH (%)XairQ(%)RD-NRD-YHRSpO2HRSpO2S117. 247. 462. 772989692S217. 844. 269. 6Table 2. S1 node: air quality and physiological parameter values for two volunteers, with and without respiratory distress historyNowadays, smart phones are provided with operating systems, such as Android OS and iOS, which make the implementation of complex software modules easier and faster. The authors have been working to develop an AirQ Android OS application for a multichannel sensing node. The graphical interface of the implemented application is presented in figure 14. The AirQ dashboard includes elements related with respiration activity (respiration rate). The data logging procedure is done using a smart phone embedded database that can synchronize with Web-based information system database through Wi-Fi or 3G/UMTS communication protocol. Figure 14. AirQ graphical interface implemented in the AndroidOS smart phone Advertisement 5. ConclusionThe quality of life of pulmonary patients greatly depends on the quality of the air they breathe. The identification of the indoor air associated with pathophysiology of COPD and asthma disease is crucial for the primary-prevention strategy. In the preceding paragraphs the authors summarize the main elements of a distributed smart sensing network for indoor air quality assessment. Regarding sensing nodes and signal conditioning, two possible solutions were presented. One based on semiconductor heated sensors and another based on three electrodes’ cells.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: As well, its anticancer activity toward mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (GSH) is closely associated with inhibition of ROS-sensitive AKT/ERK survival signaling pathways and glycolysis in human oral cancer cells. GSH is our body’s antioxidant powerhouse that is protecting our cells from free radical damage. It has been well reported that antioxidants have beneficial health effects at physiological concentrations 46. However, in normal situations, the basal level of ROS is crucially good to cell viability. It may prevent oxidative stress by maintaining the balance in ROS homeostasis, especially in cancer cells known for having much faster metabolism and higher ROS levels compared to our controls 46. Inhibition of mitochondrial superoxide may represent a novel, specific anticancer treatment strategy reducing side effects that are cytotoxic. Indeed, our work as well shows that PAC reduced mitochondrial ROS and decreased MMP. Oxidative stress is also known to induce disruption of the latter47 MMP is occurring to play a key role in mitochondrial homeostasis through selective elimination of those that are dysfunctional48. But MMP was considered as the central bioenergetic parameter for transporting ions and proteins that are indispensable for the control of normal mitochondrial function and are correlating with cell differentiation, tumorigenesis and being malignant 49. Many other studies reported that carcinoma-derived cells possess a higher mitochondrial membrane potential than normal ones 50;51 In addition, Schieke et al. (2008)52 published that higher MMP is linked with a tumorigenic property52. After inhibition of MMP by rapamycin treatment on stem cells having a high protonmotive force, its tumorigenicity decreased drastically. Moreover, our findings indicate that PAC induces intracellular ROS, generates mitochondrial superoxide and diminishes MMP leading to the release of cytochrome C in mitochondria and to the enhancement of oxidative stress in oral cancer cells. present study examined the antioral cancer and preferential killing effects of PAC, new analog of curcumine. Our results demonstrate the PAC preferential killing against oral cancer cells without effects on normal oral cells involving the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress. Therefore, PAC inhibits intracellular ROS, increased MitoSOX, diminished MMP, and PAC plays a crucial role in producing GSH, an antioxidant.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Their results indicated that water sound had the greatest impact on participants' heart rate and respiratory rate, suggesting the highest level of relaxation in water sound1. Differences in experimental results may stem from two factors: (1) They proposed that the multitude of water bodies in Park might be a contributing factor, while predominantly features mountainous terrain, with being most significant in the selected soundscape location. This may be one reason for the disparate conclusions. (2) Their study included only Insect Chirping, Birdsong, Hydroacoustics, and in the natural sounds, excluding present in our experiment. This discrepancy may be due to variations in soundscape locations. While our study confirms a substantial impact of on relaxation, the conclusions are somewhat limited by the different positioning of national forest parks. The marked decrease in Pa values indicates a relaxation of the participants' cortical brain regions, suggesting a noticeable decline in their attention levels. In our Pa study, we similarly observed a significant impact of all five natural acoustic landscapes in reducing Pa, with the largest Cohen's d before and after listening to Combined Sound. This implies that stands out in diminishing individuals' attention levels compared to the other four natural acoustic landscapes. Ding (2022) used the Pa index in her study on plant feature p77. Our study aligns with Ding's research methodology in EEG signals, validating the intuitive responsiveness of the Pa signal to changes in participants' EEG. In conclusion, the natural acoustic landscapes of national forest parks can induce distinct positive effects on EEG signals, manifested by a reduction in Pa and an increase in Pm, partially confirming Hypothesis 1. 4. 1 The natural soundscape of the has psychological restorative capacity This study discovered noticeable changes in participants' pre- and post-evaluations on the Profile of (POMS) scale after listening to the five natural soundscapes in Forest Park. The seven indicators of the abbreviated POMS scale can be categorized into positive emotions (including Vigor and Self-esteem) and negative emotions (including Tension, Anger, Anxiety, Depression, and Fatigue). Specifically, after experiencing the natural soundscapes, three participants showed a decrease in positive emotions (PA), while 49 participants exhibited an increase. Additionally, 44 participants showed a decrease in negative emotions (NA), while 8 participants displayed an increase. The increase in PA directly indicates that participants subjectively perceived gaining energy and vitality from the natural soundscapes.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: For data processing purposes, a hybrid solution based on polynomial and artificial neural networks modelling is presented. The last part of the 1. “Quality”, on-line at Agency, “Every breath you take- air quality in Europe”, on-line at. NesbittL. P. MunkleyD. MaloneyJ. et al. 2007 “Advanced life support for out-of hospital respiratory distress”, NEJM, 356 24 21562164 4. RabeK. F. HurdS. AnzuentoA. . et al. 2007 “Global strategy for the diagnosis management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary”, 176 6 532555 5. HoggJ. C. ChuF. UtokaparchS. et al. 2004 “The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”, NEJM, 350 26 26452653 6. WHO, 2007 Asthma: BartolomeoJ. 1995 “Detecting CO in the home”, 5155 Oct. 8. SarryF. LumbrerasM. 2000Ga “Gas discrimination in an air-conditioned system”, IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. , 49 4 809812 Aug. 9. PostolacheO. Dias PereiraJ. M. GirãoP. 2005 "Smart sensor network for air quality monitoring", Proc. IEEE Instrumentation and Conf. , Ottawa, Canada, 1 537542 10. MarcoS. OrtegaA. PardoA. SamitierJ. 1998Ga “Gas identification with tin oxide sensor array and self-organizing maps: Adaptive correction of sensor drifts”, IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. , 47 1 316320 Feb. 11. MénilF. SusbiellesM. DebédaH. LucatC. TardyP. 2005 “Evidence of a correlation between the non-linearity of chemical sensors and the asymmetry of their response and recovery curves,” Sens. Actuators B, Chem. , 106 1 407423 Apr. 29, 12. Dias PereiraJ. M. Silva GirãoP. M. B. PostolacheO.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: With its preferential killing ability, PAC may provide a potential for improving oral cancer therapy without a cytotoxic side effect to normal oral cells. The future studies will be to combine cisplatin with this new curcumin analog (PAC), to normalize cisplatin side effects and potential drug resistance on oral cancer. AbbreviationsBcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2. CDKI: Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor. DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide. EMT: Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. FBS: Serum. FCS: Serum. GSH: Glutathione. GEC: Cells. LDH: lactate dehydrogenase. MTT: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Y1)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide. MEK/ERK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase/Extracellular signal-regulated Kinase. MMP: Potential. NF-κB: Nuclear factor-kappa B. OC-SCC: Carcinoma. PAC: (3,5-Bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-N-methyl-4-piperidone). PARP1: Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1. ROS: Species. SD: Standard Deviation. DeclarationsConflicts of Interest: All authors declare no conflict of interest. Authors’ contributions: AS conducted all experiments, analyzed, interpreted the data and wrote the manuscript. CC conducted western blotting experiments. FC is supervisor and finalize the manuscript. BA and IA synthetized PAC All of the authors read and approved the final manuscript. Funding: This work was supported by the Colgate-Palmolive Compagny10. 7860/JCDR/2014/8506. 4560 (2014). Silverman, S. , Jr. Oral cancer: complications of therapy. 88, 122–126, doi:10. 1016/s1079-2104(99)70103-4 (1999). Zheng, J. W. , Qiu, W. L. & Zhang, Z. Y. Combined and sequential treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancies: an evolving concept and clinical protocol.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: The decrease in negative emotions (NA) suggests that participants subjectively felt recovery from negative emotional states. Regarding psychological indicators, the change in Fatigue was the most significant (p < 0. 001), while the change in Anger was the least significant (p > 0. 05). This implies that the restoration impact of national forest parks' natural soundscapes on Fatigue is the most pronounced, while the influence on Anger is relatively weak. In summary, national forest parks' natural soundscapes also exhibit significant positive effects on psychological aspects, thereby providing additional support for the partial correctness of Hypothesis 1. Therefore,1. 2 and 1. 1 collectively validate the accuracy of Hypothesis 1. 4. 3 Combined sound has a better psychophysical restorative effect than single-element sound. This study responded to the restorative differences of the different elements of the natural soundscape by comparing the difference in Cohen's d between before and after listening to them; in other words, those with a large Cohen's d were more restorative, and vice versa for those with a small Cohen's d. In the comparison of Pm, Hydroacoustics had the largest difference in Pm for Windy Sound, followed by Combined Sound, Birdsong, and Insect Chirping. In the comparison of Pm, the largest Cohen's d difference is Windy Sound, followed by Combined Sound, Birdsong, and Insect Chirping. Hydroacoustics has the worst restorative effect on Pm; in the comparison of Pa, the largest Cohen's d difference is Combined Sound, followed by Birdsong, Insect Chirping, and Hydroacoustics, and had the worst restorative effect on Pa. In the evaluation of psychology, had the highest subjective psychological score. Taken together, has the highest average ranking, so it can be assumed that has the best restorative effect compared to the other four single-element sounds, which also proves that hypothesis H2 is correct. 4. 4 The effect of gender on restorative sexual effects In the realm of psychological and physiological restoration, this study found that gender is not a highly significant influencing factor, except for Windy Sound, which exhibits relatively noticeable gender characteristics. This observation might indirectly suggest that the natural soundscapes in national forest parks have a pronounced restorative effect across all genders.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: The cube on the left represents a volume of air that is at 75°F, with 30% relative humidity. This means that it is holding 30% of the moisture that it is capable of holding. When that same amount of air cools to 40°F, it contains the same amount of water, but it is now at 100% relative humidity. In other words, it is holding all of the moisture that it can hold. Moisture will condense at 100% relative humidity. This is also called the saturation point or the dew point temperature. Figure 1. Warm air holds more moisture than cold air. When warm, moist air comes in contact with a cold surface, the water vapor in that air condenses to liquid water. In the case of a cold window, when warmer, humid air moves closer to the window, its temperature drops, and therefore its moisture-holding capability also drops. When this air touches the window, it condenses. The same thing happens on a warm and humid summer day, when warm, humid air condenses on cold beverage bottles, cans, or glasses. Sometimes, condensation on a window can be a nuisance. Other times, it can be serious enough that moisture will accumulate on the sash and on the sill, causing mold growth, warping that will damage the airtight seal between panes of glass, and even rotting. Mold spores are ubiquitous, and when a spore lands on a surface at the right temperature, with a food source—in this case, cellulose—and moisture, mold will grow. Mold is a fungus; and as fungi grow, they release large numbers of spores into the air. And as mold digests cellulosic products, such as wood, as food, it releases carbon dioxide, water, and microbiological volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) into the air. Airborne spores affect asthmatics and people with allergies by acting as asthma triggers and the cause of respiratory illness. Microbiological volatile organic compounds are responsible for the musty smell associated with mold growth. Inhalation of mVOCs by humans can cause mycotoxicosis, symptoms of which include difficulty breathing, sore throat, bloody nose, and skin rashes. Preventing health problems caused by exposure to mold is done by controlling moisture in homes.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: J (Engl) 121, 1945–1952 (2008). Galluzzi, L. et al. Molecular mechanisms of cisplatin resistance. Oncogene 31, 1869–1883, doi:10. 1038/onc. 2011. 384 (2012). Bansal, R. & Singh, R. Exploring the potential of natural and synthetic neuroprotective steroids against neurodegenerative disorders: A literature review. Rev 38, 1126–1158, doi:10. 1002/med. 21458 (2018). Chhabra, G. et al. Prostate cancer chemoprevention by natural agents: Clinical evidence and potential implications. 422, 9–18, doi:10. 1016/j. canlet. 2018. 02. 025 (2018). Ramana, K. V. , Reddy, A. B. M. , Majeti, N. & Singhal, S. S. of Natural Antioxidants. 2018, 9471051, doi:10. 1155/2018/9471051 (2018). Menon, V. P. & Sudheer, A. R. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. 595, 105–125, doi:10. 1007/978-0-387-46401-5_3 (2007). Amalraj, A. , Pius, A. , Gopi, S. & Gopi, S. Biological activities of curcuminoids, other biomolecules from turmeric and their derivatives - A review. J Med 7, 205–233, doi:10. 1016/j. jtcme. 2016. 05. 005 (2017). Mahmood, K. , Zia, K. M. , Zuber, M. , Salman, M. & Anjum, M. N. Recent developments in curcumin and curcumin based polymeric materials for biomedical applications: A review. 81, 877–890, doi:10. 1016/j. ijbiomac. 2015. 09. 026 (2015). Dohare, P. , Varma, S. & Ray, M. Curcuma oil modulates the nitric oxide system response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. 19, 1–11, doi:10.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: 5. ConclusionsIn this study, using as the study site, we preliminarily investigated the differences between single-element natural soundscapes and natural soundscapes with multi-element combinations in terms of their effects on human psychophysiological recovery. We drew the following conclusions: (1) in Park: The psychological restoration capacity of natural soundscapes in the national forest park was confirmed. Significant changes (p = 0. 001) were observed in psychological and physiological indicators after participants listened to each segment of the natural soundscapes. Relaxation index increased, attention index decreased, positive emotions significantly increased, and negative emotions significantly decreased. (2) of Soundscapes: ranked first in the average restoration effectiveness, indicating that the combination of multiple natural sounds indeed provides better restorative effects compared to single-element sounds. (3) on Restoration: Generally, gender does not significantly impact restoration effects. However, exhibited notable gender differences in restoration effects (p = 0. 001). Despite this, in general, the impact of gender on the restoration effects of natural soundscapes is not significant. The study sheds light on the comparative analysis of the psychological and physiological restorative effects of different elemental natural soundscapes in national forest parks. It contrasts the restorative effects of combined natural sounds with those of single-element natural sounds. Utilizing ridge regression, a mathematical model for the restoration of psychology and physiology by natural soundscapes was constructed, quantifying specific weight coefficients for the five common natural soundscapes. Based on the research findings, the study proposes the following recommendations:(1) Advantages: National forest parks should fully explore their acoustic advantages, providing free psychological restoration spaces for an increasing number of visitors. (2) Selection of Locations: Locations for soundscape therapy should be chosen in areas with a variety of natural soundscape elements, such as waterfront trails with Hydroacoustics, Birdsong, and Windy Sound, avoiding sites with only one or two natural sounds. (3) as a Restoration Asset: The effectiveness of for restoration has been confirmed. The study recommends developing dedicated wind-themed soundscape restoration locations within national forest parks, capitalizing on the outstanding restoration capabilities of Windy Sound. The study establishes the positive impact of natural soundscapes in national forest parks on the psychological and physiological well-being of individuals.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: This means maintaining relative humidity at levels that do not allow for moisture condensation on windows and other surfaces, regularly inspecting plumbing pipes and fixtures for leaks, and preventing the entry of water from outside the home by maintaining roofs and siding and having a water-managed foundation. Another biological contaminant commonly found in homes is the house dust mite, which feeds on skin cells that are naturally shed from human bodies. Fecal pellets from this microscopic arachnid contain a protein that is an allergen and asthma trigger. Dust mites thrive in humid environments and live in upholstered furniture, bedding, carpeting, and stuffed animals. They cannot survive at relative humidity levels below 50% [6]. Other biological contaminants in indoor air include viruses, bacteria, pollen, and animal dander. All of these can be controlled through regular house cleaning. 2. 1. number of factors contribute to the high levels of energy efficiency that are now possible in new and existing homes. Airtightening measures—those that prevent air infiltration through the building shell—are among the most critical of these. In new construction and in the improvement of an existing home, low air infiltration rates are achieved through an attention to the details of both construction materials and practices. And as air leakage has decreased in homes, ventilation has become a residential design issue because of problems that arise from excess moisture and other indoor air pollutants. Before airtightening measures were as widespread as they now are, ventilation of homes was achieved naturally, as air leaked in and out of cracks in the building shell—around windows and doors, where dissimilar building materials meet, and other places. Natural ventilation is undesirable because it can never be controlled. Its rate depends on wind speed, vegetation around a house, site topography, and other variables. And natural ventilation imposes large energy costs on a home because the incoming infiltration air must be heated in the winter in cold climates. But in the absence of natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation is necessary for removing moisture and other pollutants as well as bringing fresh air into a home. A basic mechanical ventilation system consists of exhaust fans, which are ducted to the outdoors, in kitchens and bathrooms. Conventional clothes dryers should always be ducted to the outdoors, although some electric clothes dryers vent into the washer. And some clothes washers also act as dryers. An issue that arises in airtight homes is the provision of make-up air for exhaust systems.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: 1016/j. niox. 2008. 04. 020 (2008). Mirzaei, H. et al. Phytosomal curcumin: A review of pharmacokinetic, experimental and clinical studies. 85, 102–112, doi:10. 1016/j. biopha. 2016. 11. 098 (2017). Hewlings, S. J. & Kalman, D. S. Curcumin: A Review of Its' Effects on Human Health. Foods 6, doi:10. 3390/foods6100092 (2017). Wilken, R. , Veena, M. S. , Wang, M. B. & Srivatsan, E. S. Curcumin: A review of anti-cancer properties and therapeutic activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 10, 12, doi:10. 1186/1476-4598-10-12 (2011). He, Y. et al. Curcumin, inflammation, and chronic diseases: how are they linked? Molecules 20, 9183–9213, doi:10. 3390/molecules20059183 (2015). Vallianou, N. G. , Evangelopoulos, A. , Schizas, N. & Kazazis, C. Potential anticancer properties and mechanisms of action of curcumin. 35, 645–651 (2015). Rodrigues, F. C. , Anil Kumar, N. V. & Thakur, G. Developments in the anticancer activity of structurally modified curcumin: An up-to-date review. 177, 76–104, doi:10. 1016/j. ejmech. 2019. 04. 058 (2019). Al-Hujaily, E. M. et al. PAC, a novel curcumin analogue, has anti-breast cancer properties with higher efficiency on ER-negative cells. 128, 97–107, doi:10. 1007/s10549-010-1089-3 (2011). Youssef, K. M. et al. Synthesis of curcumin analogues as potential antioxidant, cancer chemopreventive agents. (Weinheim) 337, 42–54, doi:10. 1002/ardp. 200300763 (2004).

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Skip to main contentSearchDashboardcaret-downLoginLogin or 2021Published on May 21, 2021DOI10. 21428/92fbeb44. b76ec25eEunomos: visually augmented natural soundscapesEunomos is an audio-reactive sonic art installations which features a traveling group of "electronic creatures" called Speculātors. The Speculātors are placed within a natural environment where they react using illuminated visual feedback according to environmental conditions. by Nathan Villicaña-ShawPublished onMay 21, 2021CiteSocialDownloadContentslast released3 years agoShow detailsEunomos: visually augmented natural soundscapesContents·AbstractEunomos is an audio-reactive sonic art installations which features a traveling group of "electronic creatures" called Speculātors. The Speculātors are placed within a natural environment where they react using illuminated visual feedback according to environmental conditions. Project DescriptionImage 1Speculātors installed off Route 66 in Northern Arizona. The majority of sonic artworks present sounds produced by the artist as the primary sonic and artistic subject of the work. installation takes a different approach by offering the in-situ sonic environment, in its sonically unaltered form, as the artistic subject. The installation consists of the placement of a multitude of independent, environmentally aware electronic artifacts, which provide illuminated visual feedback through the actuation of based on the unique sonic perspective each unit develops throughout the installation period. For NIME, the artist proposes to edit video documentation of the Eunomos pop-up installations conducted in multiple countries to form a reel for each day of the conference to be played on repeat with the accompanying audio recordings. Image 2Close-up of Speculātor unit as installed near Lake, California. When exhibited in-situ, the Eunomos installation is facilitated by Speculātors electronic creatures (see accompanying images). In the installations, Speculātors are suspended from features in the environment fully exposed to environmental conditions — juxtaposing the electronic with the natural. The placement of Speculātors, along with their exposed clear acrylic visual aesthetic, hints at both the fragility of the soundscape they are augmenting and their vulnerability to natural forces.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: As exhaust fans pull air out of a house, that air must be replaced. In a leaky house, that air is supplied through infiltration. This happens because the fans place negative pressure on a house and, if no windows are open, pull in air from cracks that exist in the building enclosure or from a chimney, which can be dangerous if the chimney is connected to an operating combustion appliance. Other ventilation systems exist that not only pull air out of a house but also provide make-up air. Figure 2 shows temperature-difference-driven infiltration, also called the stack effect. In simpler terms: a house comes under negative pressure as warm air naturally rises to upper levels of a house. That warm air escapes through various faults in the building enclosure, including cracks that form at junctions of different types of construction materials, such as those where brick meets wood siding. Warm air also escapes from unsealed cracks around windows and doors. All air that leaves a house in this manner must be replenished. This happens when air leaving the house creates suction pressure on lower house levels, which causes soil gases, including radon, to be pulled into the house. Figure 2. The stack effect. Figure 3 shows how combustion appliances can also bring a house under negative pressure. All combustion appliances use some type of fuel, whether it is fuel oil, natural gas, propane, or wood. Oxygen is needed to fuel the fire, and if that oxygen comes from indoor air, it will put negative pressure on a house, just like the stack effect does. Air gets drawn into the appliance, fuels the fire, and that air needs to be replaced. The replaced air comes in through cracks in the building enclosure as well as cracks in the foundation of the basement, which can allow soil gases to enter the home. Figure 3. Combustion air concepts. A solution to negative pressure caused by a combustion appliance is to use a sealed combustion appliance. This type of furnace or boiler brings air to the combustion chamber through a pipe that originates outside the house. Sealed systems typically have a second heat exchanger that extracts heat from combustion gases that would normally be exhausted by the chimney in a conventional system. Instead, extracting additional heat from combustion gases results in exhaust gases that are cool enough to be exhausted from the house through a pipe through an exterior wall, much like a clothes dryer vent.

Output: contrast