Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: When correlation analysis was performed between peak CK-MB values and length of hospital stay, no significant correlation was found between the length of ICCU hospital stay and peak CK-MB values in patients with IMI (p> 0. 05). However, a significant positive correlation was found between the peak CK-MB values and both length of ICCU and hospital stay in patients with RVMI. (Hospital stay r: 0. 668, p<0. 001; ICCU stay r: 0. 803, p<0. 001). After an average of 10 months follow up of patients, no new infarction or mortality was observed in both groups. Table 4: Comparison of the length of stay in hospital and coronary care unit. study showed that IMI complicated with RVMI did not increase mortality and morbidity when early and successful reperfusion was performed. Recently many clinical trials showed that, rapid administration of intravenous thrombolytic therapy and increasing use of primary angioplasty reduce mortality and contribute to the shorter hospital stays [9,10]. Although the benefits of these treatments have been demonstrated, over 25% of patients presenting within the first 12 h of symptom onset with ST segment elevation or left bundle branch block fail to receive a reperfusion intervention. It is clear that outcomes for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients are optimized when D2B times are less than 90 minutes [11,12]. Multiple studies also demonstrated that mortality rates improve by achieving decreased D2B times [13]. A review of a large cardiovascular registry (10,965 patients) found that the median D2B time was 96 minutes and only 44% of the patients were meeting the <90-minute national benchmark goal [14]. Cannon et al. showed that mortality increased by 41% for STEMI patients with D2B times over 120 minutes [10]. In our study, the mean D2B time was less than half an hour. Furthermore, the median time from onset of chest pain to hospital arrival was less than 2. 6 hours and the median time from onset of chest pain to PPCI was less than 3 hours. The low rate of mortality and morbidity in our study can be explained by early reperfusion therapy. The risk of major complications and in-hospital death is about 31% in IMI patients with RVMI compared to about 5% in IMI without RVMI [2].

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Vertical farms use LED lighting and hydroponics to maximize plant growth. [SEP] Text: 341545). It was identified as Enterobacter asburiae (GenBank accession OQ414238). Plant parts were surface-sterilized, and bacteria were isolated according to the method in a previous publication[8]. All endophytes were preserved in glycerol stocks at −80 °C for later use. Treatments were applied to seedlings at the first true leaf stage. Bacterial endophyte inoculants were prepared by taking a loop of bacterial glycerol stock and culturing it in 25 mL of half-strength Luria-Bertani (LB) broth in a shaking incubator at 200 rpm at 30 °C overnight. The overnight culture was transferred to a flask with 500 mL of fresh half-strength LB medium and grown at 30 °C at 200 rpm for about 5 h until the OD600 was approximately 1. 0 (the number of colony-forming units per mL for IALR632 and IALR1379 were 1. 85 × 109 and 4. 12 × 108, respectively). One mL of the bacterial culture was pipetted at the base of each seedling. The control treatment was 1 mL sterile half-strength LB broth. Indoor vertical NFT systems Seedlings with 3−4 true leaves were transplanted into vertical racks with 3 levels outfitted with NFT hydroponic systems (and ). Each level contained 48 plants and the slope of all NFT channels were set to 2. 5%–3%. Light was supplied with high output reproductive pink batten LED grow lights with a 6:1 red-to-blue ratio (and Life 1. 5 ). The lights were fixed 30 cm above the NFT channel surface. The reservoir tank was 265 L (Fig. 1). Figure 1. Spinach plants were grown in the indoor vertical NFT units with three levels and a reservoir tank. The plants at both ends of the channels were not counted due to low light intensity. Plant growth nutrient solution and environmental conditions The vegetative hydroponic fertilizer solution developed at () was used for spinach growth[18]. The fertilizer solution does not account for mineral elements present in the city water source. Concentrated (100×) stock solutions were maintained in two parts (and B). Equal amounts of and B were used to create a final dilute solution (1:90) with EC 1. 7 ± 0.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: FigureThe earliest form of telehealth was introduced in 1878 with the transmission of heart sounds over phone lines; in 1905, an ECG was also transmitted over phone lines. 1,2 The telephone has been a conduit of healthcare services for over 100 years, when it was first adopted by physicians in the early 1900s. 3 By the 1970s, the telephone was used to connect NPs with physicians in the patient's home and a pediatric clinic added a bidirectional (two-way) cable TV to the phone connection to support a TV consultation. 4-6 In 1977, the Zone in northwestern Ontario, Canada, began to use slow-scan video equipment (a narrowband technology that enabled multiple still frame image sharing) to connect patients in rural health aid stations staffed with minimally trained indigenous personnel with nurses, NPs, and physicians located in northern primary care clinics. 7 Clinicians today continue using the telephone for triage and prescribing, medical management for acute and chronic illness, case management, patient education, counseling, and communicating diagnostic results (lab and imaging). In their book Without Walls: A Roadmap for Reinventing U. S. Health Care, the authors propose that healthcare should be a convenient, accessible, cost-effective, and health-inducing system of care that is focused on keeping patients healthy. 9 The technologies available today are leaps and bounds above the slow-scan video system and bidirectional cable TV mentioned earlier, yet the suite of telehealth offerings required to meet the healthcare needs of millions of people in the US is still not widely accessible. These advanced technologies are tools that allow for the rendering of care regardless of where the patient and care provider are located. This 2019. 15 The use of smartphone apps to monitor for early signs of behavioral-mental health relapses, weight management and physical activity, and management of chronic conditions (heart failure, COPD, asthma, diabetes) has rapidly expanded innovative RPM services. 16-18 Other examples include hospital-at-home RPM services offered to patients in their private homes and in assisted-living environments. 9 For more than 2 decades, telehealth intensive care units (tele-ICUs) have extended the reach of intensivist physicians, nurses, and advanced practice providers. 19 A tele-ICU provides critical care services using a network of audio-visual communication, clinical decision support tools, and health information systems.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: The analysis of the SHOCK registry data showed that the patients with predominant RV shock have a high mortality rate despite the younger age, lower rate of anterior MI, and higher prevalence of single-vessel coronary disease. Early reperfusion (PPCI or fibrinolytic therapy) can preserve both right and left ventricular function and also reduce morbidity and mortality [15-17]. Schuler et al. indicated that in most patients with proximal occlusion of the RCA, early reperfusion with thrombolytic therapy contributes to improvement of initially depressed RV function; often, recovery of RV myocardial function is not associated with the changes in LVEF. In contrast, in patients with persistent occlusion, irreversible cardiogenic shock and early death may occur due to RV infarction, despite adequate LV performance [16]. Bowers et al. demonstrated that, complete reperfusion of the RCA by PPCI, results in the dramatic recovery of RV function and an excellent clinical outcome, in patients with RVMI. In contrast, unsuccessful or late reperfusion results in impaired recovery of RV function, persistent hemodynamic compromise, and a high mortality rate [15]. Our study population consisted of patients who underwent early and successful reperfusion treatment. And our results showed that there is no increase in the rate of major complications and in-hospital death in patients with IMI complicated with RVMI compared to IMI without RVMI, when early successful reperfusion therapy was performed. Right-sided ST-segment elevation, particularly in lead V4R, indicates acute RV injury and correlates closely with the proximal RCA occlusion [18,19]. In one report of 200 consecutive patients with acute IMI, the sensitivity and specificity of ST-segment elevation in V4R was shown as 88 % and 78 % (respectively) for concurrent RVMI, by using findings from the results of autopsy, cardiac catheterization, radionuclide imaging, or hemodynamic monitoring as the “gold standard” [2]. Zehender et al. demonstrated that the presence of ST-segment elevation in lead V4R predicts development of major complications and in-hospital mortality strongly and independently [2]. The presence of ST-segment elevation in lead V4R was one of the inclusion criteria for RVMI group in our study.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Vertical farms use LED lighting and hydroponics to maximize plant growth. [SEP] Text: Current research is focused on developing a system based on the application of thidiazuron (TDZ) and light-emitting diodes (LED) as stimulators of phenolic production. In previous work, the stationary microshoot cultures of R. mucronulatum based on TDZ treatment as a trigger of shoot morphogenesis have been established (Novikova et al. 2020). TDZ, phenyl urea, is the most suitable plant growth regulator (PGR) for rapid and effective in vitro propagation (Kundu and Gantait 2018; Novikova and Zaytseva 2018). Moreover, TDZ was shown to affect not only endogenous cytokinin and auxin production but the level of secondary metabolites and essential oils in many medicinally important plants (Liu et al. 2007; Wannakrairoj and Tefera 2012; Ali et al. 2018). In addition to the effects of plant growth regulators, changes in physical factors such as lighting conditions can modulate in vitro plant metabolism. The application of LEDs allows obtaining different light spectra regulating the photosynthesis and metabolic activities, as well as optimal morphogenesis pathways for in vitro cultivation of each species (Gupta and Jatothu 2013; Kim et al. 2004a, b, c). The present research aims to study the effect of TDZ and light sources of the different spectrum (fluorescent and LED) on plant growth parameters, biomass accumulation, contents of photosynthetic pigments, and secondary metabolites, including taxifolin and rutin in R. mucronulatum shoot culture. Materials and MethodsPlant MaterialMicroclones of R. mucronulatum were maintained in a collection of the Laboratory of Biotechnology () according to our previous study (Zaytseva and Novikova 2018) on Anderson’s medium (AM) (Anderson 1984) containing 0. 6% Bacto® agar (PanReac®, Barcelona, Spain), 3% sucrose () supplemented with 1. 0 μM zeatin (plant cell culture tested, BioReagent, Sigma-Aldrich®, St. Louis, MO). The isolated explants consisting of shoot apex and two nodes with axillary buds were transferred to plant growth regulator-free AM (AM0) and cultured on fresh AM0 during two passages of 4 weeks each, and these shoots were utilized for the experiments.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: 20,21 The first wave of tele-ICUs opened across the country in the early 2000s and now more than 40 tele-ICU centers are providing services to over 400 ICUs across the US. 22 Although consistent outcomes after implementing tele-ICU have been elusive, several prominent studies have led researchers to examine why some programs were more successful than others. 23 Researchers have reported that tele-ICUs provide the following distinct and valuable services:24-26 purposeful and continuous monitoring (surveillance) of physiologic deterioration translation of evidence into practice expert advice and guidance collection and analysis of data and quality performance reporting. For the last 50 years, APRNs have provided primary, acute, and specialty healthcare across the US. 27 Telehealth tools can be used to further extend those services. The telehealth landscape from a regulatory as well as billing and reimbursement standpoint is changing rapidly. Regardless of whether care provision occurs in a more traditional setting or across distance using telehealth tools, APRNs must adhere to their state's practice and prescribing authority. Billing and reimbursement Although billing and reimbursement will continue to be a linchpin in whether more services are provided using telehealth technologies, many telehealth services are being provided and billed for today. (MLN) 2019 booklet provides a list of telehealth services. 10 These codes, with the exceptions of tele-stroke and some of the behavioral health/psychiatry codes, can only be used for patients residing in and receiving care in a county outside a metropolitan statistical area or a designated in a rural census tract. 10 Use-that Recovery and Treatment () for Patients and removes the originating site geographic requirements and adds the patient's home as a permissible originating site for telehealth services furnished on or after July 1, 2019, for purposes of treatment of a substance use disorder or for a co-occurring mental health disorder. Beginning on or after January 1, 2020, the for Patients and establishes a new Medicare benefit category for opioid use disorder treatment services furnished by opioid treatment programs under B. 28 Within the context of CMS allowable codes, individual state regulations related to billing and reimbursement must be understood and considered.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: We showed that ST- segment elevation in lead V4R was not an independent predictor of major complications and in-hospital mortality after early successful reperfusion treatment. Anavekar et al. and Zornoff et al. showed that RV function was weakly correlated with LV function and demonstrated that RV function quantified with RVFAC was independently associated with an increased risk of mortality and heart failure [20,21]. Antoni at al. showed that RVFAC and RV strain were independent predictors of the occurrence of the composite end points (all-cause mortality, reinfarction, and hospitalization for HF) [1]. Samad et al. showed that TAPSE predicted mortality independently, after adjustment for LVEF and age [22]. We found that RVFAC and TAPSE values were significantly lower and RV diameter was significantly higher in RVMI group. However, we showed that they were not predictors of mortality and morbidity when early and successful reperfusion performed. Gonzales et al. demonstrated that STEMI patients with TIMI risk classification 0-1, 2-3, and ≥4 has in-hospital mortality of 7%, 13% and 26%, respectively [23]. In our study, the mean TIMI risk score of the patients was 2. 83 ± 1. 0. However, after early reperfusion treatment there was no mortality in our study. We showed that clinical outcomes could be changed by early reperfusion therapy in patients with RVMI. We found a significant correlation between peak CK-MB level and length of ICCU/ hospital stay in RVMI patients. In fact, there was no statistically significant difference with respect to peak CK-MB level between patients with and without RVMI. Furthermore, the peak CK-MB level was not associated with the development of complications and the length of hospital stay in patients without RVMI. However, the length of hospital stay was prolonged in patients complicated with RVMI who have higher peak CK-MB levels. This was substantially related to increased length of ICCU stay. Increased length of ICCU stay was probably due to the clinician’s concern about RVMI-related complications. Our study showed that the increase of peak CK-MB level was not associated with the development of complications when early and successful reperfusion was performed. main limitation of our study was the small number of patients.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Vertical farms use LED lighting and hydroponics to maximize plant growth. [SEP] Text: 14) was obtained under 0. 5 µM TDZ and lighting by 5LED with different spectra (Table 1). Thus, TDZ and 5LED had a synergistic influence on axillary shoot proliferation. Table 1 Effect of lighting type and TDZ on axillary shoot proliferation of R. mucronulatumFull size tableIt is generally known that the use of R and B LEDs are the most efficient lighting conditions in micropropagation systems for plants; however, their ratio varies among different plant species. The R/B LED ratio of 80:20 is considered to be one of the optimal for plantlet growth (Nhut and Nam 2010; Gupta and Jatothu 2013). To our best knowledge, such a LED ratio has not been found for rhododendrons. However, the proliferation of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. ) axillary buds, also a representative of Ericaceae, was stimulated by LED lighting with a ratio of R and B as 80:20. (Hung et al. 2016). On the contrary, in this study, the same ratio of R/B LEDs has significantly decreased the proliferative effect of TDZ leading to suppression of R. mucronulatum microshoot proliferation. In the previous research, the efficient micropropagation system of R. mucronulatum with the use of TDZ has been developed (Novikova et al. 2020), but the current study showed that the additional application of 5LED made it more productive in terms of scale propagation. The green light plays a special role in plant growth and can penetrate more easily into plant tissues than blue or red light (Klein 1992). Gnasekaran et al. (2021) found the irradiation of monochromic green LED to show the same effect on the propagation rate of Zingiber officinale Rosc. as irradiation by FL. It has been reported that the addition of green LED to red and blue promoted the growth of potato seedlings (Ma et al. 2015). Moreover, the use of the green spectrum was also efficient for in vitro propagation of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hooker F. and Lamprocapnos spectabilis L. , and it provided a high number of shoots per explant (Miler et al. 2019).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: It is important to note that CMS does not consider RPM a Medicare telehealth service and, as such, these codes can be billed under the following CPT codes:29 99453, which is the setup and patient education of a device, can be billed for a one-time payment 99454 for remote monitoring of physiologic parameter(s), billed every 30 days 99457 for 20 minutes or more of clinical staff time for interactive communication between patient-care providers, billed every 30 days. At the time of this 1. McKendrick JG. Note on the microphone and telephone in auscultation. J. 1878;1(911):856–857. | PubMed | CrossRef 2. . History of Telemedicine: Evolution, Context, and Transformation. New Rochelle, NY: Liebert; 2009. 3. Zundel KM. Telemedicine: history, applications, and impact on librarianship. Libr Assoc. 1996;84(1):71–79. | PubMed 4. Mark RG. Telemedicine system: the missing link between homes and hospitals. Home. 1974;32(2):39–42. | PubMed 5. . Cost factors in urban telemedicine. Med Care. 1977;15(3):251–259. | Text | PubMed | CrossRef 6. . Telemedicine in pediatric primary care. Favorable experience in nurse-staffed inner-city clinic. JAMA. 1978;240(25):2749–2751. | PubMed | CrossRef 7. . Provider acceptance of telemedicine systems in remote areas of Ontario. J Fam Pract. 1984;18(2):285–289. | PubMed 8. . Patient safety and telephone medicine: some lessons from closed claim case review. J Med. 2008;23(5):517–522. Text | PubMed | CrossRef 9. Network for Excellence in (NEHI). Without Walls: A Roadmap for Reinventing U. S. Health Care. Washington, DC: NEHI; 2018. 10. (MLN). Telehealth Services. MLN matters. 2019. www. cms. gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicare-Learning-Network-MLN/MLNProducts/downloads/TelehealthSrvcsfctsht. pdf. 11. -Pines L, Mehrotra A.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: Our results should be tested with more patients in largescale studies. The absence of the patients who have longer door to balloon times may be accepted as a limitation of the study, but the mean door to balloon time is short in our center. conclude that, there is no difference in mortality and morbidity between patients with pure IMI and patients complicated by RVMI, when early and successful reperfusion therapy was performed with a D2B time of less than 30 minutes. 271. (1993) Right ventricular infarction as an independent predictor of prognosis after acute inferior myocardial infarction. N Med 328(14): 981- 988. (1986) Diagnosis and prognosis of right ventricular infarction. J 56(1): 19-26. (2013) The challenges in the management of right ventricular infarction. 2(3): 226-234. (2010) Right ventricular function suffers from reperfusion delay: tissue Doppler study. 33(3): E43-48. (1994) Effects of reperfusion on ischemic right ventricular dysfunction. Disparate mechanisms of benefit related to duration of ischemia. Circulation 90(3): 1398-1409. (2005) Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and and the Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the of Echocardiography, a branch of the of Cardiology. J Echocardiogr 18(12): 1440-1463. (2010) Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the of Echocardiography endorsed by the of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the of Cardiology, and the of Echocardiography. J Echocardiogr 23(7): 685-713. (2000) Temporal trends in the treatment of over 1. 5 million patients with myocardial infarction in the US from 1990 through 1999: the of 1, 2 and 3. J Cardiol 36(7): 2056-2063. (2000) Relationship of symptom-onset-to-balloon time and door-to-balloon time with mortality in patients undergoing angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Vertical farms use LED lighting and hydroponics to maximize plant growth. [SEP] Text: At the same time, the influence of the lighting type on FW, but not on DW of R. mucronulatum was detected in the recent study. Miler et al. (2019) have also shown that lighting conditions did not affect the dry matter of Chrysanthemum grandiflorum, Heuchera hybrida, Ficus benjamina L. , and Lamprocapnos spectabilis L. Moreover, it was found that a significant increase in FW and DW of in vitro-grown Vaccinium corymbosum L. cultured under 80R/20B LEDs was achieved only when cytokinin (zeatin) was added to the medium (Hung et al. 2016). The same synergistic effect of optimal TDZ concentration and LED lighting was noted in R. mucronulatum biomass accumulation. Since LEDs and TDZ modulate the endogenous cytokinin biosynthesis, as well as plant metabolism generally (Mok et al. 1987; Ruzic and Vujovic 2008), these changes can result in biomass accumulation. Thus, to achieve maximum R. mucronulatum biomass harvest, the use of 0. 5 µM TDZ and R/B or 5LED lighting is recommended. Changes in and light quality directly affect the endogenic plant metabolism promoting the synthesis of numerous important primary and secondary metabolites with the participation of photosynthetic pigments. In the present study, the type of lighting and the addition of TDZ in various concentrations had a significant effect on the content of the photosynthetic pigments. The highest content of chlorophylls was observed in R. mucronulatum microshoots cultured on AM0 under FL lighting in contrast to R/B and 5 LED (Table 3). The spectrum of the lighting used had a great influence on the content of photosynthetic pigments. It was reported that white LED lighting promoted higher chlorophyll content than R/B LEDs in the shoot culture of Moluccella laevis L. grown on the medium with PGRs (Zielińska et al. 2020). officinale var. rubrum, total chlorophyll and carotenoid were higher under white, blue, green, and purple (400–660 nm) LEDs than the red only (Gnasekaran et al. 2021).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Antibiotic prescribing during pediatric direct-to-consumer telemedicine visits. Pediatrics. 2019;143(5):e20182491. | PubMed | CrossRef 12. in Medical Practice. (Lond 1886). 1915;57(1495):431–432. 13. 3rd, Breslau J, Barr RM, et al. ACR white paper on teleradiology practice: a report from the on Teleradiology Practice. J Radiol. 2013;10(8):575–585. | PubMed 14. Association. Telemedicine glossary. 2018. 15. Lacktman NM. Medicare remote patient monitoring reimbursement FAQs: everything you need to know about chronic care remote physiologic monitoring codes. Law Today. 2018. www. foley. com/en/insights/publications/2018/11/medicareremote-patient-monitoring-reimbursement-fa. 16. . Feasibility of using a smartphone app to assess early signs, basic symptoms and psychotic symptoms over six months: a preliminary report. Schizophr Res. 2019;208:105–113. | PubMed | CrossRef 17. 'Brien J, Williams AD. Consumer-based wearable activity trackers increase physical activity participation: systematic review and meta-analysis. . 2019;7(4):e11819. 18. . Remote patient monitoring via non-invasive digital technologies: a systematic review. E Health. 2017;23(1):3–17. | PubMed | CrossRef 19. Critical care telemedicine: evolution and state of the art. Med. 2014;42(11):2429–2436. | Text | PubMed | CrossRef 20. for TeleICU Operations. E Health. 2016;22(12):971–980. | PubMed | CrossRef 21. Intensive care unit telemedicine: alternate paradigm for providing continuous intensivist care. Med. 2000;28(12):3925–3931. | Text | PubMed | CrossRef 22. . Tele-ICU: experience to date. J Med. 2010;25(1):16–22. | Text | PubMed | CrossRef 23. ICU telemedicine and critical care mortality: a national effectiveness study. Med Care. 2016;54(3):319–325. | Text | PubMed | CrossRef 24. .

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: JAMA 283(22): 2941-2947. (1999) 1999 update: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Infarction: and Recommendations: A report of the of Cardiology/Force on (Committee on Management of Infarction). Circulation 100(9): 1016-1030. (2004) ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction; A report of the of Cardiology/ Force on (Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of patients with acute myocardial infarction). J Cardiol 44(3): E1- 211. (2004) Time delay to treatment and mortality in primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction: every minute of delay counts. Circulation 109(10): 1223-1225. (2008) Achieving rapid reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention remains a challenge: insights from Association’s Get with the Guidelines program. J 155(6): 1059- 1067. Bowers TR, O’ (1998) Effect of reperfusion on biventricular function and survival after right ventricular infarction. N Med 338(14): 933-940. (1984) Effect of successful thrombolytic therapy on right ventricular function in acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. Cardiol 54(8): 951-957. (2018) Predictors of short-term outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in cardiogenic shock complicating STEMI—A tertiary care center experience. Journal 70(3): S259-64. (1989) Electrocardiographic manifestations of right ventricular infarction. J 118(1): 138-144. Wellens HJ (1999) The value of the right precordial leads of the electrocardiogram (1999) N Med 340(5): 381-383. (2008) Usefulness of right ventricular fractional area change to predict death, heart failure, and stroke following myocardial infarction (from the ). Cardiol 101(5): 607-612. (2002) Right ventricular dysfunction and risk of heart failure and mortality after myocardial infarction. J Cardiol 39(9):1450-1455.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Vertical farms use LED lighting and hydroponics to maximize plant growth. [SEP] Text: Table 3 Effect of lighting type and TDZ on photosynthetic pigment content in FW of R. mucronulatum in vitro shoot cultureFull size tableIn spite of the fact that TDZ has been reported to increase the chlorophyll content through in vitro culture of Dianthus caryophyllus L. (Genkov et al, 1997) and Bryum argenteum Hedw. (Sabovljevic et al. 2010), in current study, TDZ-induced increase of chlorophyll content in R. mucronulatum shoot culture was noted under R/B LED lighting only. Moreover, the presence of TDZ in the nutrient medium reduced the chlorophyll content both at FL and at 5LED lighting. (Table 3). On the other hand, under R/B LED lighting, TDZ increased the total chlorophyll content, mainly due to an increase in the chlorophyll b content. The maximum content of carotenoids was noted in the presence of 0. 1 µM TDZ under R/B LED lighting (Table 3). The same effect of LED-induced growth and carotenoids production has been noted in Digitalis purpurea L. leaf tissue (et al. 2018). The value of the ratio of the chlorophyll sum to carotenoids is one of the indicators of plants stress, which activates the defense response of the plant triggering the gene expression modulating the biosynthesis and accumulation of the secondary metabolites. In R. mucronulatum, this parameter did not significantly change during cultivation on AM0 at FL and R/B lighting but decreased under 5LED lighting (Table 3). For the most part, the presence of TDZ decreased the (a + b)/carotenoids ratio, shifting it towards an increase in the carotenoid content. The minimum (a + b)/carotenoids ratio was noted during cultivation on AM supplemented with 0. 1 µM TDZ under R/B and 5LED lighting. Thus, this type of treatment is assumed to cause the most pronounced stress in R. mucronulatum microshoots and can enhance secondary metabolite production. Response of to TDZ and LEDsThe production of a wide range of flavonoids is possible by controlling the type and concentration of exogenic PGRs, as well as lighting conditions (Ibrahim and Jaafar 2012).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: -19 pandemic had a considerable impact on primary care, resulting in rapid uptake of telehealth. Patients with chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), relied heavily on telehealth consultations during this period. It is important to assess whether tasks observed during T2DM or CVD in-person consultations are translatable to telehealth. explore the extent to which in-person GP consultations are translatable to telehealth for patients with T2DM or CVD. Design & setting This study screened 281 GP consultations conducted in 2017 within the UK general practice setting for consultations pertaining to T2DM or CVD. Seventeen in-person consultations (in deidentified video and transcript) were selected for further analysis. reporting of tasks, physical artefacts, and physical examinations observed during in-person GP consultations. A new scoring method, applying two key metrics, supporting definitions and examples, was designed to assess translatability of clinical tasks to telehealth. the 17 T2DM or CVD in-person consultations analysed, 23 clinical tasks, 21 physical artefacts, and nine physical examinations were observed. Sixty per cent of tasks analysed were deemed either easily or relatively easily translatable to telehealth. Twenty-six per cent of tasks were rated as ‘moderately translatable to telehealth’ but may require a patient obtaining their own equipment. Thirteen per cent of tasks were rated as ‘potentially translatable to telehealth’. No clinical tasks for these cohorts were rated as untranslatable to telehealth. majority of tasks observed during T2DM or CVD in-person GP consultations are translatable to telehealth. Further research is warranted to investigate emergent safety concerns from increased uptake of telehealth. general practicetelehealthprimary healthcareCOVID-19diabetes mellitus, type 2cardiovascular diseasesHow this fits inThere is a growing body of work evaluating the effectiveness of telehealth as a modality for primary health care. There are numerous studies on patient and clinician attitudes, and growing evidence that telehealth is effective for managing T2DM and CVD. However, there are no prior studies, to the authors' knowledge, on how translatable tasks observed during in-person primary care consultations are to telehealth. This study aimed to determine the translatability of telehealth for clinical tasks performed for these cohorts.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: (2002) Prognostic impact of right ventricular involvement as assessed by tricuspid annular motion in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Cardiol 90(7): 778-781. (2012) The TIMI risk score for STEMI predicts in-hospital mortality and adverse events in patients without cardiogenic shock undergoing primary angioplasty. Mex 82(1): 7-13. Research 10. 26717/BJSTR. 2019. 14. 002559 Abstract Introduction: The purpose of the current study was to comparison of the major and minor complications in patients with inferior myocardial infarction (IMI) with or without RVMI after treated with early successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: Consecutive patients admitted with IMI due to proximal RCA occlusion and treated with successful primary PCI were included the study. Patients divided into two groups as IMI with and without RVMI. RVMI was diagnosed in the presence of ST segment elevation in the V4R derivation. In addition, transthoracic echocardiography is performed within 24 hours of admission. All patients were followed prospectively and the occurrence of adverse events was noted. The mean follow-up period was 10 months after discharge. Results: The study population consisted of 46 consecutive patients admitted with IMI treated with primary PCI. 16 patients were IMI complicated by RVMI. The average door-to-balloon (D2B) times at our study population was less than thirty minutes (mean 23. 1 ± 6,6 minutes). Patients with RVMI had significantly lower TAPSE (1. 39 ± 0. 21 cm versus 2. 35 ± 0. 46 cm, P<0. 001) and RV FAC (28. 15 ± 5. 87 versus 44. 79 ± 10. 77 p<0,001) and significantly higher RVDD (4,17 ± 0,41 versus 3,06 ± 0. 45, p< 0,001). No mortality or major complications were observed during the coronary intensive care and hospital stay. Minor complication was observed in one patient with RVMI, no statistically significant difference was found in this value. No statistically significant difference was found in length of hospital stay. A significant correlation was found between the peak CK-MB values between, both length of coronary intensive care and length hospital stay of patients with RVMI.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Vertical farms use LED lighting and hydroponics to maximize plant growth. [SEP] Text: The content of the main phenolic compounds including chlorogenic acid, dihydroquercetin, quercetin, hyperoside, rutin, avicularin, and quercitrin was analyzed by HPLC in extracts of R. mucronulatum microshoots. The highest levels of the phenolic compounds tested were noted in microshoots cultivated under 5LED lighting, except chlorogenic acid. At the same time the maximum levels of taxifolin, rutin, quercetin, hyperoside, and avicularin were detected in the extracts of microshoots treated by 0. 1 µM TDZ, and maximum quercitrin content was observed in the extracts of microshoots from TDZ-free medium. However, the trend of TDZ action was found to be different in FL and LEDs lighting conditions. The phenolic compounds content in extracts of microshoots treated by FL only was at a low level, except for chlorogenic acid (Table 4). Under FL lighting, the presence of 0. 5 µM TDZ more than doubled the flavonoid content, and taxifolin, quercetin, and rutin—threefold compared with the control variant. In contrast, the content of chlorogenic acid decreased in the presence of TDZ or under FL and both LED types. Under R/B LED lighting, the content of phenolics in microshoot extracts cultivated on AM0 increased, compared with FL lighting, except for chlorogenic acid. However, the addition of TDZ in the tested concentrations reduced the content of all investigated flavonoids in the extracts (Table 4). Under 5LED lighting, the content of quercetin, hyperoside, rutin, and quercitrin increased at 0. 1 µM TDZ and decreased under higher TDZ concentrations (Fig. 1). Table 4 Effect of lighting types and TDZ on content of phenolic compounds in extracts of R. mucronulatum in vitro shoot cultureFull size tableFig. 1Chromatogram of a water–ethanol extract of R. mucronulatum microshoots cultivated on TDZ-free AM and FL lighting (a) and 0. 1 µM TDZ and 5LED (b). X-axis—retention time, min; on Y-axis—detector signal, in units of optical density.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: IntroductionBefore the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth accounted for only a fraction of GP encounters. 1,2 As a result of the pandemic, many nations enacted policy responses to expand the eligibility and financial viability of telehealth services,3,4 resulting in a worldwide surge in the delivery of GP consultations via telehealth. 5,6 This rapid shift towards global telehealth adoption means it is difficult to ascertain whether in-person aspects of consultations have been adequately substituted in telehealth. Patients with chronic diseases require regular contact with GPs for the management of their conditions. 7 This includes performing a variety of clinical tasks including blood pressure measurement, foot examinations, prescribing medication, and pathology test referrals. ”8,9 During the pandemic, many have had to use telehealth to maintain continuity of care. However, it is unclear if in-person chronic disease management visits in primary care are indeed translatable to telehealth settings. Patients with T2DM and CVD require extra precaution because they are at high risk of developing COVID-related complications. 10 While T2DM and CVD are distinct diseases, they are closely linked because they share common risk factors, and people with diabetes are at increased risk of developing CVD. 7 It is vital to ascertain whether telehealth is an adequate substitute for tasks observed during in-person consultations for T2DM or CVD management in primary care. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of telehealth for managing patients with heart failure11 and hypertension. 12,13 Multiple systematic reviews show that telehealth can improve the control of blood glucose levels and other health outcomes for patients with T2DM. 14,15 Other studies have demonstrated the importance of effective communication in the absence of physical interactions. 16 Some researchers are investigating the impact of telehealth by analysing primary care system usage before and during COVID-19. 17 However, no studies to the authors' knowledge, have investigated the extent to which tasks observed during in-person GP consultations are ‘translatable’ to telehealth. This study — focusing on UK in-person GP consultations, and concerning T2DM or CVD — aimed to identify clinical tasks, physical examinations, and physical artefacts utilised during in-person GP consultations, and analyse whether in-person aspects of a consultation are translatable to telehealth.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: Can quantum physics make the internet more secure? Published: January 4, 2023 Jacquiline (Jacq) Romero, a quantum physicist at the University of Queensland in Australia, is conducting experiments with photons to investigate quantum entanglement. Her research is helping to develop the quantum internet – the internet of the future will be very different from the internet today. — the smallest unit of data that a computer can process and store — a quantum of light, the basic unit that makes up all light — the smallest unit involved in an interaction — the physical phenomenon that occurs when a group of p1. “The quantum internet differs from the regular internet because it will transmit quantum information (‘qubits’) instead of classical information (‘bits’),” says Jacq. “Quantum states are very different. ” Compared to regular bits, quantum bits (known as qubits) can take on superpositions. Because the qubits are neither 0 nor 1 before measurement, qubits represent multiple combinations of 0 and 1 at the same time. By using these qubits and entangling them, Jacq and her team have been working towards developing the quantum internet. What is entanglement? The 2022 in Physics was awarded to physicists Alain Aspect, for investigating photon entanglement. They describe entanglement as a distinctly quantum phenomenon in which objects “exist in a shared state, regardless of how far apart they are”. This is such a strange concept that even once described entanglement as “spooky action at a distance”! Entanglement is a tricky idea to understand, but, fortunately, Jacq has a helpful analogy to explain it: “Let’s take a thought experiment with two parties: Alice and Bob,” says Jacq. “Imagine there are two cards, labelled either 0 or 1, and each is placed in a closed box. The boxes could contain either number, but both boxes contain the same card. Alice takes one box to one room, and Bob takes the other to another room. The moment Alice opens her box and sees her card, she knows that Bob’s card has the same number, without even communicating with him. The same is true for Bob when he opens his box. ” Quantum entanglement: opens her box, she knows what card is in Bob’s box Download the 10.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Organic pesticides work more effectively than all synthetic pesticides. [SEP] Text: Although it is intuitive that pesticides which bioaccumulate and biomagnify are of special concern to those species that consume them, the relative contribution of these processes to toxicity is dependent on trophic level in the food web, life stage, physiological conditions favoring lipid mobilization (e. g. pregnancy, lactation), and reproductive strategy. DDT is one of best known organochlorine insecticides which accumulated in the food chain and known to be transferred from mother to offspring via milk (Wooley & Talens, 1971). The levels determined in human milk are more than 10 times higher than those in cow’s milk (Jensen, 1983). to the lipophilic nature of DDT and its principle metabolite, DDE, these compounds have been found in diverse human samples of serum, adipose tissue, and breast milk (Woodruff et al. , 1994). The half-life of DDT in human adipose tissue is approximately 7. 5 years, while the amount of serum DDT varied according to the levels of lipid circulating in the blood. The ratio between the levels of DDT in adipose tissue and blood was 300 to 1. Advertisement 5. Risk characterization Risk characterization is the last step of the risk assessment process. This step evaluates assessments of human health and ecological effects, identifies human sub-populations or ecological species potentially at risk, and delineates areas of uncertainty, limitations, and assumptions made in the risk assessment. 5. 1. Effect of insecticides on non-target organisms Pesticides occupy a rather unique position among the many chemicals that man encounters daily, as they are deliberately added to the environment. Ideally their injurious action would be highly specific for undesirable target pests. However, most of pesticides are not highly selective to many nontarget species, including humans, and other desirable forms of life that coinhabit the environment. The ecological risk assessment evaluates the likelihood of adverse ecological effects caused by any chemical, physical or biological entity (including pesticides) that induce adverse effects on the components (individuals, population, communities or ecosystem) (Norton et al. , 1992, EPA, 1995). Pesticides may affect the non-target organisms by direct contact or through translocation from the sites of application through the various media. The extent to which translocation within the environment occurs will depend to a large degree on the physicochemical properties of the pesticides (Murphy, 1986).

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: With telehealth set to become a mainstay in health service delivery, this study has important implications for next-generation design of virtual care in primary care settings. MethodStudy designA detailed secondary analysis was conducted of videos recorded in GP consultations, originating from an NHS-ethical approved project, Harnessing resources from the internet to maximise outcomes for GP consultations (HaRI): a mixed qualitative methods study, to investigate internet use in general practice. The HaRI study video-recorded 281 consultations from 10 GPs working at eight GP surgeries during 2017, across London and the home counties. approval section for details. Data collectionTwo hundred and eighty-one HaRI video recordings and transcripts were passed through inclusion and exclusion criteria to restrict the analysis to consultations pertaining to T2DM or CVD (Table S1). Two researchers (KD, JR) independently read each GP consultation transcript, and coded types of chronic diseases and presenting issues using NVivo software (version 12). Twenty-one relevant transcripts were identified, but four of the 21 were removed owing to problems with video data, leaving 17 (nine T2DM and eight CVD) consultations for final analysis (see flowchart in S1). DeidentificationTo maintain privacy of patients and health personnel, a custom-made software comprised of a low-pass filter was developed in-house to blur the faces of individuals in the videos. Thus, all individuals and their faces were blurred and deidentified before any analysis. Data analysisDescriptive analysisDescriptive statistical analysis was applied to patient and consultation characteristics extracted from relevant transcripts. Video and transcript analysisTwo researchers (KD, JR) independently read all 17 transcripts and watched all 17 videos, and extracted any mention of physical artefacts or physical examinations in the transcripts and/or videos, and recorded them for analysis. In all instances where clinical tasks, physical examinations, or physical artefacts were performed or identified, matching transcript excerpts were extracted and recorded within an Excel spreadsheet, allocated to categories inductively formulated during the data-extraction process. These categories included the following:tasks performed during in-person consultations (for example, prescribing medication);physical examinations (for example, auscultation) performed during in-person consultations;physical artefacts (for example, stethoscope) identified during in-person consultations. Data verificationA third researcher (JL) analysed all videos and transcripts to verify extracted information from the initial analysis.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: 33424/336 Link to the activity sheet 0 +1 Pinterest 0 LinkedIn 0 writing quantum states on the board Jacq and a PhD working in the lab, with a shaped laser beam displayed on the computer screen Jacq and a PhD student setting up a laser experiment in the lab A photonic chip that Jacq’s research group is working on Seems obvious so far, right? “There is nothing extraordinary about this correlation,” says Jacq. “Alice and Bob know what the other person has because they know that the boxes contain cards of the same type. More importantly, the cards are ordinary objects: the 0-card is labelled 0 and the 1-card is labelled 1, regardless of whether Alice or Bob were looking in the box. ” However, the story is strangely different if the cards are entangled and the number on the card is a qubit. Quantum objects can be in a superposition of states, which means they can be either 0-cards or 1-cards, and this is not definite until someone looks inside the box. At that instant, the card randomly becomes either a 0 or a 1. In this version of the experiment, if Alice were to open her box and see a 0-card, then when Bob opened his box, he would see his card is also a 0-card. “Seeing a 0-card in one box depends on seeing a 0-card in another box,” explains Jacq. “Alice and Bob observe the same correlations as in the first version of the experiment, but the origin of the correlation is now superposition, not the well-defined labels on the cards that were there before they were put inside the boxes,” says Jacq. The other interesting thing about qubits is that if Alice and Bob were to repeat the experiment with another pair of cards, the results will be totally random. “Whether they see 0 or 1 on their cards is totally random, but the two labels will always be the same as each other,” Jacq adds. Overall, this means that when two p1. However, if the experiment extends to include a third person, we have multipartite entanglement. If there are more than two possible outcomes (for instance, if the cards in the box could be labelled from 0 to 5) then we have qudit, instead of qubit, entanglement.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Edible insect farming could help address global food security as demand for protein increases. [SEP] Text: in through your institution Quality and SafetyThis issue Science and search term Advance 10. 1093/fqsafe/fyy001 Published: 27 February 2018 10. 1093/fqsafe/fyy001 Select format. ris (Mendeley, Papers, Zotero). enw (EndNote). bibtex (BibTex). txt (Medlars, RefWorks) Download citation and SafetyThis issue Science and search term and SafetyThis issue Science and search term unconventional in the USA, entomophagy, or the practice of consuming insects, can provide a nutritious relief to many malnourished people in developing countries. Edible insects are part of numerous traditional diets found in over 113 countries, including those in Asia, Africa, and South America. Currently, there are 2 billion people consuming over 2000 recorded edible insects. Many of these worldwide insects contain amounts of protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals comparable to commonly eaten livestock. With the popularity of crickets in both developing and developed countries and the nutrient density of locusts, these insects were of particular interest. Rice flour, made from a major food crop around the world, was used as an effective vehicle to deliver these insect ingredients. The use of inexpensive single-screw cold-forming extrusion technology, due to its capability of high production rate yet low capital and operating costs, was employed in making insect-fortified products. The feasibility of incorporating edible insect flours from cricket and locust in an extruded rice product has been demonstrated to be successful with acceptable shelf stability and sensory characteristics. Nutritionally, the insect rice products developed were energy dense (high fat content) and as an excellent source of protein. They also contained considerable amounts of dietary fibre and iron. Sensory evaluations involving 120 untrained panelists–suggested cricket formulations were well accepted compared with locust formulations. There is a positive outlook on the overall acceptance of entomphagy even in developed countries. As a staple food providing 20% of the world’s dietary energy and consumed by over 1 billion people, rice is an ideal vehicle to deliver nutrients carried by edible insects. The incorporation of insect flours in processed foods such as extruded rice products can greatly promote the consumer acceptance by disguising the ‘yuck’ factor associated with intact insects.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: All information regarding tasks, physical examinations, and physical artefacts were re-extracted, cross-checked against the initial analysis, and amended as required. In addition, physical artefacts were further categorised into three groups:physical artefacts that are readily found in patient’s home setting (for example, computer);physical artefacts that are easily acquired through purchase or provision (for example, thermometer);physical artefacts that are not easily acquired by patients in the community (for example, stethoscope). Personal items, such as mobile phones, were excluded from the physical artefact list, unless they were used to support a task (for example, Fitbit used to support a discussion about exercise). Time analysisOne researcher (JL) reanalysed all 17 videos and extracted the following information: length of entire consultation; number of physical examinations per consultation; and length of time for physical examination(s). These analyses were also performed independently for each condition (T2DM and CVD). Translatability to telehealth analysisA scoring system was developed to rate the ‘translatability’ of in-person GP tasks to telehealth. This was partly adapted from a study by Croymans et al who developed a rating scale to rank the appropriateness of certain conditions to telehealth. 18 Rather than ranking conditions, the research aimed to develop a rating system for individual tasks performed during consultations. Developing the scoring system involved analysing deidentified consultation videos, discussions between researchers (), and reviewing relevant literature. It became apparent that tasks requiring specialised equipment or in-person expertise, for example, physical examinations, were the key factors in how readily tasks could be replicated using telehealth. These discussions and analyses led to the development of the following scoring system procedure: Step 1: Assess the extent to which a task requires ‘clinical endorsement’, based on a 5-point score (Table 1, metric 1). Step 2: Assess the extent to which a task requires ‘physical artefacts or physical interaction’, based on a 5-point score (Table 1, metric 2). Step 3: Sum up the scores from steps 1 and 2 to calculate an overall score out of 10 that describes how well this task can be translated to telehealth, that is, 'translatability to telehealth score' (see Table 2).

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: What methods does Jacq use to conduct her research? Jacq specifically studies the entanglement of photons. “I shoot a special crystal with ultraviolet light and, once in a while, this ultraviolet photon becomes two infrared photons that are entangled in their various properties,” she says. One example of an entangled property of the photon is the shape of its cross-section intensity. “Usually, we think of light as a bright spot – intense at the centre and becoming dimmer the farther you are from the centre,” says Jacq. “But light can also have other shapes. ” Not only is Jacq creating entangled photons, she has also developed the technology needed to measure their shape, creating new opportunities for other quantum physicists. “I am proud that many researchers are now using the shape of photons for quantum information, thanks to the technique we introduced. ” What are the applications of this research? One application of Jacq’s research is developing the quantum internet, which will be much more secure than the regular internet. sends an online message to Bob through the regular internet, a hacker might be able to read the message without either of them knowing. However, if the message is sent on the quantum internet using entangled qubits, then someone sneaking in to read the message would be detected immediately. “When quantum information is being sent from one point to another, any eavesdropper disturbs the quantum information,” explains Jacq. “This means the eavesdropper can be discovered. ” This new version of the internet will enable us to connect quantum computers, achieve more powerful computation and allow secure quantum communication. According to scientists, a global quantum network might be available as soon as 2030, thanks to the work of quantum physicists such as Jacq. Jacquiline RomeroSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, of research: project: Investigating quantum entanglement and developing the quantum internet Funders: Council (ARC), Foundation, L’Oreal-physics is the study of the universe at its most fundamental level. It challenges our notions of reality and often overlaps with the philosophy of science. “Quantum physics asks deep questions about how nature operates, what knowledge is, and what the role of an observer is,” says Jacq.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Edible insect farming could help address global food security as demand for protein increases. [SEP] Text: edible insect, food security, malnutrition, consumer acceptance, extruded rice from a perspective of developing or developed countries, the entire global population is in need of alternative food sources. People living in developing nations, including those countries in Sub-or South Asia, are often found to be dangerously malnourished. With beef and chicken being difficult to come by, they have been enjoying edible insects as a dietary resource for generations. This is because edible insects actually contain several nutritional benefits. They offer plenty of calories, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals, depending on their species, metamorphic stage, and diet. Although still widely unconventional, developed countries have also begun considering entomophagy as a means to support our ever-growing populations. In fact, the United Nation’s Food and (FAO) projects the world population approaching to 9 billion by 2050. As the numbers swell, natural resources such as land and water are being rapidly degraded. Edible insects, with their high feed conversion efficiency and fecundity, as well as their minimal space for rearing, certainly represent as an advantageous solution for present and future food insecurity. Even so, the ‘yuck’ or ‘disgust’ factor is not so easily eliminated from today’s cultures. Despite its health benefits, perhaps the unappealing nature of entomophagy is in the consumption of the whole insect. With that, the obscure incorporation of this food source through the utilization of insect flours is considered. Ongoing studies within our research group at Polytechnic University, Pomona have demonstrated the feasibility of the obscure incorporation and fortification of a major food staple, such as rice, by utilizing edible insect flour as a value-adding ingredient. By removing the original form of the insect and incorporating its flour into a food matrix that is widely consumed around the world, we aim to provide an innovative solution for food insecurity and malnutrition, especially in developing countries. Furthermore, the hidden form of the edible insect is designed to reduce the ‘yuck’ factor and increase the acceptance of entomophagy. Rice flour has been specifically chosen to be the vehicle based on the consideration that the nutrients carried by the edible insect will supplement the nutritional composition of rice. The two main ingredients are combined in different ratios to form a dough mass, which can be processed through an economically feasible, cold-forming extrusion technology.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: On average, 22% of total consultation time is devoted to physical examination(s) and 78% involves no physical examination. Refer to S4. Physical artefacts used during in-person consultations Figure 2 shows the frequency of physical artefacts observed across in-person T2DM or CVD consultations. Overall, 21 physical artefacts (for example, computer, stethoscope) were identified across these 17 consultations. Of the 21 physical artefacts observed, 12 were defined as readily found in a patient’s home setting, six were defined as easily acquired through purchase or provision, and three were defined as not easily acquired (S5, S6, and S7). Download figureOpen in new tabDownload powerpointFigure 2. Frequency of physical artefacts used during in-person consultations (n = 17). *Physical artefact dispensed either by GP or at GP reception deskTasks performed during in-person consultations Figure 3 outlines the frequency of tasks observed across T2DM or CVD in-person consultations. A total of 23 tasks were observed across 17 consultations. Out of the 23 tasks performed, 39% (n = 9/23) involved physical examination, and 74% (n = 17/23) of these tasks required physical artefacts at least some or all of the time. Download figureOpen in new tabDownload powerpointFigure 3. Tasks performed during in-person T2DM or CVD GP consultations as a percentage of total consultations, ordered by frequency (n = 17). *Physical dispensation either by GP or at GP reception deskTranslatability of tasks to telehealthS8 describes how translatable these 23 clinical tasks are to telehealth across T2DM and CVD consultations. Across the 23 tasks, the average score for telehealth metric was as follows:clinical endorsement was 3. 4/5 (where score 1 = ‘Requires in-person clinical expertise’, 5 = ‘Clinical expertise is not necessarily required to complete this task’);physical artefacts or physical interactions was 3. 8/5 (where score 1 = ‘Requires equipment or physical examination in a manner not translatable to telehealth’, 5 = ‘Does not require any equipment, thus readily translatable over telehealth’); andtranslatability to telehealth was 7.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: “Future quantum technologies will need the untethered imaginations of not just physicists, but also computer scientists, material scientists, engineers and people from technologies adjacent to quantum physics. ” What other discoveries has Jacq made? While it has long been known that the speed of light slows down when travelling through a different material, such as glass or water, Jacq and her team made headlines a few years ago when they discovered the speed of light can be slowed in space too. “In one of my favourite experiments, we showed that light slows down by a tiny fraction (around 3000 km/s) if you give it a particular shape,” says Jacq. This had never been shown before in single photons and was only possible because the team had so much experience working with photons. How do gender and culture affect Jacq’s work in quantum physics? The most famous physicists tend to be white men – think of and Maxwell. “It is really important to have cultural and gender diversity in science,” explains Jacq. “first left the Philippines to do a PhD in the UK, I realised I had an inferiority complex and I lacked confidence,” says Jacq. “I think it is very easy to feel this way, especially for people from countries that were colonised. was controlled by Spain for more than 300 years, and the mentality that ‘white is better’ is deeply ingrained. ” Having grown up in the Philippines, Jacq was soft-spoken and very polite. While these are good attributes to have, she soon realised that scientists need to be forceful (you can be both forceful and polite, after all! ) to make their ideas heard. “I realised I had to recalibrate to get my point across, especially when scientific discussions get intense! ” Pathway from school to quantum physics • At school and post-16, study physics and maths to learn the fundamentals of the field. Jacq recommends having a strong understanding of linear algebra, because quantum states are treated as vectors or matrices. • At university, degrees in physics or maths could lead to a career in quantum physics. However, scientists from a range of disciplines can work in the field. “Even a chemist could find themselves working on quantum technologies, because there are many interesting materials that could be useful for quantum devices,” says Jacq.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Edible insect farming could help address global food security as demand for protein increases. [SEP] Text: Through this production method, a final rice product containing optimal addition level of insect flours has been developed, and the measurements of its physicochemical properties, nutrient profile, and consumer acceptability via sensory evaluations have been completed. While the measurements of organoleptic and nutritional properties of the insect rice product have been reported in a separate original research 2013. As the infestation continues, more food crops and livestock grazing lands could be destroyed, deepening on the suffering of the Malagasy people (FAO, 2009). With these outstanding issues, 53% of rural households have been reported to not consume enough food to maintain an active and healthy life (2001). Consisting mostly of rice, vegetables, and tubers, the Malagasy diet involves the consumption of these foods about 4 to 6 times a week. Since rice is the product with the largest production quantity, this is clearly reflected in their diet as it is also the number one commodity available for consumption (FAO, 2014). Yet, proteins, from both vegetables and animals, are seldom eaten, at an estimated rate of 1 to 2 times a week (WFP and 2011). Fat, a major source of calories, has also been demonstrated to be low in their diets (FAO, 2010). Indeed, the main staple meal in Africa consists mainly of cereal grains, such as rice, sorghum, millet, maize, fonio, and tef (Filli et al. , 2014). These foods, being composed mostly of carbohydrates (rice 80%, sorghum 74%, and maize 78%), are not a major source of protein, and together with the scarce availability of animal protein, the Malagasy people lack the necessary macronutrients for healthy living (Wu Leung, 1968). Moreover, the WFP and (2011) reports only 20% or less of the surveyed children to have received foods rich in vitamins and minerals, sources of which include fruits and vegetables, legumes, nuts, and dairy products. Overall, 84% of households experience inadequate amounts of food or cash every year (WFP and 2011). Malnourishment occurring in early childhood and if untreated results in life-threatening consequences. Chronic malnutrition will lead to irreversible stunting and has been reported to be the most important risk factor for illness and death from diseases (WFP, 2015; Muller et al. , 2005).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: 2/10 (where score 1 = ‘Not amenable to being replicated over telehealth at this stage’, 10 = ‘Easily translatable over telehealth with no additional physical artefacts required’). Regarding telehealth metric of virtual care solution types, all 23 tasks observed across T2DM or CVD consultations were deemed translatable or potentially translatable to telehealth. Overall, the following was found:no tasks were rated as type 1 (‘Not amenable to being replicated over telehealth at this stage’);13% (n = 3/23) of tasks were rated as type 2 (‘Has the potential to be translated over telehealth but may require clinician to administer virtual examination, and may require patient to obtain special equipment and training’); for example: chest auscultation;26% (n = 6/23) were rated as type 3 (‘Moderately translatable over telehealth but may require patient to acquire their own equipment’); for example, measuring oxygen saturation;30% (n = 7/23) were rated as type 4 (‘Relatively easy to translate over telehealth, with minimal but easily accessible equipment required’); for example, measuring weight;30% (n = 7/23) were rated as type 5 (‘Easily translatable over telehealth with no additional physical artefacts required’); for example, discussion about exercise. DiscussionSummaryThe average translatability to telehealth score was 7. 2 out of 10, indicating that overall, tasks for T2DM or CVD cohorts were ‘relatively easy to translate over telehealth, with minimal but easily accessible equipment required’. The findings revealed that 78% of consultation time for these cohorts is devoted to tasks that involve no physical examination. While 88% of consultations involved one or more physical examination(s), most of these physical examinations require equipment that can be easily acquired, and results communicated remotely for medical interpretation. Analysis of physical artefacts revealed that 85% (n = 18/21) of physical artefacts are either readily available in home settings, or easily acquired through purchase or provision. The ‘translatability to telehealth’ scoring system found that while on average tasks were rated as easily translatable, certain important tasks are not easily translated to telehealth at this time.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: Explore careers in quantum physics • Jacq recommends learning about quantum computing using resources such as Qiskit (www. qiskit. org) and (try. q-ctrl. com/blackopal-app). • of Melbourne has useful information about careers in physics and advice from former university students who studied physics: science. unimelb. edu. au/students/careers/careers-in-science/physical-sciences • Jacq loves the book “Quantum Mechanics: Minimum” by and recommends reading it if you are interested in learning more about quantum physics. • According to the Institute, the average salary for a physicist in Australia is $149,000 AUD a year. What were your interests when you were younger? I loved mathematics from very early on. was 8 years old, my uncle gave me a book on algebra which was full of word problems. I was fascinated to see mathematical equations as English sentences. went to high school, I was naturally drawn to physics because it was just like maths, but with the purpose of describing nature and the world around me. My interests were not all academic. I also enjoyed reading books, playing badminton, watching movies and spending time with good friends. Who inspired you to become a quantum physicist? was 15 years old, my physics teacher commented that quantum physics was the branch of physics that he liked the least. I was curious and googled what quantum physics was, and I’ve been hooked ever since! read more, I got more interested in how philosophical and yet experimentally testable, and potentially technologically revolutionary, the ideas in quantum physics were. You have won numerous awards, including two L’Oréal-in Science awards. What do these recognitions mean to you? I am deeply honoured to have received many awards and fellowships over the years. left the Philippines to pursue a PhD in quantum physics, I felt a great deal of uncertainty. I even remember one professor asking me if I was sure that quantum physics was not just a fixation. I am proud to have pursued my dream, and the awards I have received are recognition of the good work and fun that I try to have every day. You can’t plan to make winning an award a goal. I think the best that you can do is try to do well every day. These recognitions mean a lot to me because they inspire me to do better.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Edible insect farming could help address global food security as demand for protein increases. [SEP] Text: Approximately 150 million children worldwide do not consume the required amounts of energy or nutrients for growth and development, with more than half (52%) of these children residing in and almost a quarter (21%) living in Sub-(2001). of Interestingly, although perhaps not surprisingly, entomophagy is especially practised in developing nations. Countries in South Asia, where more than 40% of the population is chronically malnourished, have already long accepted entomophagy as part of their culture. For instance, countries such as India and Lao People’s have identified 24 and 21 edible insect species, respectively. Collectively, Africa has been reported to have some 246 species of edible insects. Countries within this continent that exhibit more severe rates of chronic malnutrition, such as Madagascar or Zambia, possess 22 to 33 species (Ramos-Elorduy et al. , 1997). These insects are consumed for their comparable levels of energy and nutrients, although the levels may vary depending on species type, metamorphic stage, habitat, and diet. For instance, a study conducted in Thailand demonstrated that 100 g of insects (fresh weight) had comparable, if not more, calories than that of equal weights of commonly eaten livestock, excluding pork (Sirimungkararat et al. , 2010). Ramos-Elorduy et al. (1997) reported that of 78 insect species found in Mexico, the caloric content ranged 293–762 kJ per 100 g of dry matter. Specifically, migratory locusts (Locusta migratoria), the species of which are currently plaguing Madagascar, were discovered to have calories varying in the range of 598–816 kJ per 100 g of fresh weight in a study conducted in the Netherlands (Oonincx and van der Poel, 2011). Moreover, besides the caloric value, these animals can provide crucial macronutrients as well. Likewise to the evidence supporting the caloric value of edible insects, it also suggested that insects are considered to be a substantial source of protein. Certain insects found in China were reported with higher protein contents than those in most plants and commercial meat, fowl, and eggs (Xiaoming et al. , 2010). In the study, 11 orders of insects were analysed with results of protein contents ranging from a low 13% to a high 77% (dry weight basis).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: This includes certain essential tasks; for example, chest auscultation. Categorising tasks and virtual care solutions is useful for identifying the gaps that still exist in telehealth and where future research into digital solutions is required, if telehealth is to have a role in primary care delivery in the long run. Strengths and limitationsThe major strength of this study was that it analysed actual GP consultation data via video and transcript, rather than using self-report data such as survey and interview. This objective analysis permits less capacity for recall bias and measurement error commonly associated with self-report methods. This study involved analysis of consultations across multiple GPs and GP clinics, thereby reducing potential clinician bias. These findings were limited to a sample size of 17 consultations and low sample size could result in an incomplete understanding of the scope of clinical tasks for these cohorts. All consultations occurred in the UK and were conducted in English, potentially limiting generalisability of the findings to other contexts (for example, non-English-speaking countries, or other healthcare systems). Further research using larger datasets and different settings would be useful to identify any differences in disease management for these cohorts. Finally, this study could not analyse unique patient factors, for example, digital literacy, cognitive capacity, which impact on the effectiveness of telehealth. Future research should include this patient context when analysing the translatability of clinical tasks to telehealth. Comparison with existing literatureThis HaRI dataset was used by Stevenson et al to analyse how the internet was used during GP consultations. 19 The method used in this study for scoring translatability of tasks to telehealth is a novel approach, to the authors' knowledge. The appropriateness scale, developed by Croymans et al, scored ‘diabetes management’ 6. 5/9, indicating it was appropriate for telehealth,18 and ‘High blood pressure management’ skewed marginally towards ‘appropriate’ with a score of 5. 6/9. 18 The findings were consistent with other studies analysing telehealth usage for patients with CVD or T2DM. 11–15 Scoring certain complex tasks as ‘potentially translatable to telehealth’ is consistent with emerging evidence on virtual care solutions. There is existing guidance for performing remote physical assessments including foot examinations,20 musculoskeletal examinations,21 as well as chest auscultation using Bluetooth-connected electronic stethoscopes.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: Figures AbstractIn the Colombian context, disputes over natural resources, mainly over land, and poor governance are intertwined with armed conflict. Although efforts to address this situation, including the 2016 peace agreement signed between Colombian government and the Forces of Colombia (FARC, by Spanish acronym) are underway, these disputes continue, affecting land use dynamics. Understanding the complexity and trends in land use conflicts, as well as the specific regional characteristics underlying differing land use changes across regions, is critical. This 9088. Vadrevu, University of Maryland at : September 24, 2021; Accepted: May 14, 2022; Published: May 31, 2022Copyright: © 2022 Del Río Duque et al. This is an open access 2016. Other authors state that forests that were previously inaccessible are now open to land grabbing, in particular with conversion to cattle pastures as a result of land speculation and land accumulation [18, 19]. However, according to Negret et al. [23], this tendency depends on regional features such as local governance. Against this background, the current situation of land use conflicts poses a critical challenge in the Colombian post-agreement context. To understand land use changes in conflict-affected territories in Colombia, a systematic exploration of the complex land use dynamics is required. Few authors map this complexity using causal loop diagrams (CLDs). For example, the study of Rocha et al. [28] uses CLDs to understand land use changes in across different cases. They recognize that CLDs allow for reconciling common regional drivers with context-dependent features. Furthermore, Molina et al. [29] develop CLDs to improve the systemic understanding of factors affecting sustainability in the agro-ecosystems of the páramos in Colombia. This tool allows them to integrate different elements and feedbacks of these agro-ecosystems, thus broadening discussions about future effects and expected behaviors. Another highly insightful study is that of Arias-Gaviria et al. [30]. The scholars analyze deforestation in Colombia using the conceptual framework of socio-ecological systems and CLDs as a tool for mapping interactions between different sub-systems and agents. This study contributes to a better understanding of the complexity of deforestation, a key issue related to land use dynamics in Colombia. Since the complexity of land use changes is determined by regional patterns [31], it is important to expand its study to regional research that considers context-dependent features.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Edible insect farming could help address global food security as demand for protein increases. [SEP] Text: Other researchers reported a range of 37%–54% protein content in eight insects found in Thailand (Raksakantong et al. , 2010). In spite of these variations in protein content, edible insects overall demonstrate to be an exceptionally good source of protein. While this macronutrient is often difficult to obtain in developing countries and so is lacking from their daily diets, edible insects are relatively more available than other meats, demonstrating yet again its worth as a solution for reducing global food insecurity. Furthermore, while malnutrition is not limited to protein deficiencies but includes the overall lack of caloric intake, populations within developing countries could also benefit from energy dense foods provided by edible insects (DeFoliart, 1992). Energy intake can be greatly enhanced, to an extent, with higher levels of fat, like those potentially found in edible insects. In a study lead by Womeni and others (2009), six insects from Cameroon of Sub-were analysed to determine their lipid contents and essential fatty acid profiles. Results showed that not only were these insects an excellent source of fat, ranging from 9. 12% to 67. 25% (dry weight basis), but also that they were rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. These types of fats, along with monounsaturated fats, have been widely accepted to offer more nutritional benefits and should be used to replace the intake of saturated fatty acids (Yang et al. , 2012; Enos et al. , 2014). Furthermore, the polyunsaturated fats included essential fatty acids, such as linoleic (omega-6) and linolenic (omega-3) acids (Womeni et al. , 2009). Comparable findings were demonstrated in Thailand as well, varying between 0. 34% and 23. 98% of total fat content depending on the species of insects (Raksakantong et al. , 2010). Thus, edible insects have the potential to be an exceptional source for energy and macronutrients. Micronutrients, on the other hand, are just as essential for a healthy life. A major concern for developing countries is iron intake as its deficiency is the world’s most common and widespread nutritional disorder (WHO, 2014). Many of the insects safe for consumption contain abundant levels of iron that often exceed other commonly eaten animals.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: 22 Implications for research and practiceThere are safety concerns arising from increased uptake of remote examination. A lack of clinical expertise and an inability to verify the accuracy of home-based equipment could result in measurement error. Measurement errors could lead to misdiagnoses and inappropriate treatment. Greater research is needed on the safety aspects of home monitoring and remote examination. Certain clinical tasks, such as chest auscultation, are not readily amenable to telehealth at this time. Further research is needed to evaluate the viability of existing digital solutions for these tasks, as well as the development of new technologies for these complex tasks. There is a risk that telehealth could create ‘low-value care’; that is, care that is either ineffective, inefficient, or unwanted. 23 If telehealth patients still require in-person consultations afterwards, this would be inefficient because it would increase the total amount of care in the system. Future research could build on the ‘translatability to telehealth’ scoring system to develop a more robust telehealth triage protocol. Telehealth is a tool with the ability to either reduce health inequities through increased access to care, or to widen inequities through digital poverty. Future research is needed to identify how barriers to the adoption of telehealth can be eliminated, as well as identifying strategies to maximise the positive potential of this technology. It is likely that a hybrid care model, incorporating both in-person and telehealth consultations into routine care, will be commonplace moving forward. Further research is required evaluating the safety and health outcomes for patients undergoing hybrid care. NotesFundingFunding was provided by the Department of Health, Australian Government, Council (reference number: APP1134919). Resources from the Internet (HaRI) project was funded by the UK for School of Research. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, the NHS or the Department of Health. NHS costs were covered via the Research Network. Ethical approvalEthical approval for this analysis was obtained from for (reference number: 52020558018892), as well as the Services (NHS) (REC reference: 19/LO/0364; IRAS project ID: 257924) and NHS (RED reference: 16/LO/1029; IRAS project ID: 197875). ProvenanceFreely submitted; externally peer reviewed.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: To this end, the paper addresses two main questions: (1) what are the systemic land use dynamics in two strategic and contrasting case studies: Cesar and Caquetá, and (2) how can systemic innovation address land use conflicts? Our paper contributes to the existing literature by analyzing land use dynamics under a complex system approach that comprehensively maps the interactions and feedbacks related to land use changes. Through a case study comparison and using causal loop diagrams (CLDs) our paper sheds light on the land use dynamics in these two study regions. These CDLs also contribute to a better understanding of the interrelation between three subcomponents of the system: environmental, social, and economic [30, 32–34]. Case study backgroundColombia is located on the northwestern end of at latitude 4°06’56. 42" N and longitude of 72°55’48. 49"W. Colombia comprises 32 departments and the of Bogotá. Departments are subdivided into municipalities. The departments, in turn, can be grouped into six very distinct natural regions: Caribbean, Andean, Pacific, Orinoquía, Amazon, and Insular. We selected two conflict-affected departments of Colombia as case studies: one located in the Amazon region, Caquetá. This region covers 132,218 km2, or 11. 6% of the country’s surface. The other, Cesar, is located in the Caribbean region. This region covers 403,348 km2, or 35. 3% of the country´s surface (Fig 1). Download: PPTPowerPoint slidePNGlarger imageTIFForiginal imageFig 1. Study regions: Departments of Cesar and Caquetá. Elaborated by authors. America map obtained from GADM (free available at: and the Agricultural frontier of Cesar and Caquetá shape obtained from Unidad de Planificación Rural Agropecuaria–UPRA (free available at: The data contained in the table was taken from the following official sources in Colombia:. located in the southern region, is the third largest department in Colombia with an area equivalent to 7. 8% of the national territory, has an important role at national level due to its unique biological corridors and great variety of fauna and flora: it is considered to be one of the most mega-biodiverse departments in the country [35].

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Edible insect farming could help address global food security as demand for protein increases. [SEP] Text: For instance, edible insects such as the popular palm weevils (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) or mopane caterpillars (Imbrasia belina), both species found in Africa, can provide 12 and 31 mg of iron per 100 g of weight, respectively (Banjo et al. , 2006). Chicken and beef, on the other hand, provide only 1. 2 and 3 mg of iron, respectively (Sirimungkararat et al. , 2010). Zinc, another mineral important for growth and development, can be generally found in most insects. For example, it has been reported that the aforementioned palm weevil larvae contain 26. 5 mg per 100 g (Bukkens, 2005). Entomophagy—overall nutritional value of edible insects presents them to be a remarkable alternative for alleviating the food insecurity and malnutrition in developing countries. Although it could be said that the underprivileged do turn to edible insects for sustenance since other forms of livestock are either unavailable or expensive, the tradition of consuming edible insects is not always a tactic for survival. Banjo and others (2006) reported edible insects being included in a planned diet throughout the year and not solely as an emergency food supply. A collective group of people in called Pedis, for instance, value insect meals, such as those derived from caterpillars, even more so than beef as the latter sales decrease during caterpillar harvesting seasons (Womeni et al. , 2009). Palm weevils, especially the larvae form of R. phoenicis, have been a part of a traditional African diet for centuries and are, like the locusts there, prepared by frying (DeFoliart, 1993; Banjo et al. , 2006). Besides Africa, this insect has also been appreciated across other tropical regions including and Asia (DeFoliart, 1993). In Mexico, investigators reported exceptional consumer acceptance for their maize flour tortillas supplemented with ground yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) (Aguilar-Miranda et al. , 2002). The practice of eating insects can also be found in the East. Lethocerus indicus, or giant water bug, is a particularly popular insect consumed throughout several Asian countries such as Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia (Kiatbenjakul et al. , 2015).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Use telehealth as needed: telehealth substitutes in-person primary care and associates with the changes in unplanned events and follow-up visits 2020. The sample included 16,222 patients, 338,872 patient-month records and 134,375 outpatient encounters. Patients were categorized as non-users, telehealth only, in-person care only and users of both types. Outcomes included the number of unplanned events and costs per month at the patient level; number of days until the next visit and whether the next visit happened within 3-, 7-, 14- and 30-days at the encounter level. All analyses were adjusted for patient characteristics and seasonal trends. ResultsBeneficiaries who used only telehealth or in-person care had comparable baseline health conditions but were healthier than those who used both types of services. During the study period, the telehealth only group had significantly fewer ED visits/hospitalizations and lower Medicare payments than the baseline (ED 13. 2, 95% CI [11. 6, 14. 7] vs. 24. 6 per 1,000 patients per month and hospitalization 8. 1 [6. 7, 9. 4] vs. 12. 7); the in-person only group had significantly fewer ED visits (21. 9 [20. 3, 23. 5] vs. 26. 1) and lower Medicare payments, but not hospitalizations; the both-types group had significantly more hospitalizations (23. 0 [21. 4, 24. 6] vs. 17. 8). Telehealth was not significantly different from in-person encounters in number of days until the next visit (33. 4 vs. 31. 2 days) or the probabilities of 3- and 7-day follow-up visits (9. 2 vs. 9. 3% and 21. 8 vs. 23. 5%). ConclusionsPatients and providers treated telehealth and in-person visits as substitutes and used either depending on medical needs and availability. Telehealth did not lead to sooner or more follow-up visits than in-person services. reports BackgroundTelehealth has rapidly expandedworldwide as an alternative delivery mode to in-person care since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic [1,2,3,4].

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: As this department is dominated by the Amazonian rainforest, land-based production activities are constrained. In this sense, 63. 4% of its area is natural protected area and 20. 5% are natural forest and non-agricultural areas [36]. However, historically Caquetá was integrated into the country through successive processes of colonization since the mid-nineteenth century, a process that stimulated the non-vocational use of the land and prioritized extractivism [37]. Further, since its geographical location was suitable, the Forces of Colombia (FARC) established its military activities there, thus making the armed conflict a long-standing central factor in its socio-spatial configuration. Not only was the department the scene of two failed peace negotiations during the governments of (1982–1986) and Andrés Pastrana (1999–2002), it also witnessed the largest state attempt to defeat the FARC within the policy of the government of Álvaro Uribe (2002–2010). Neither the State nor the FARC ever completely controlled Caquetá. Rather, State action has lagged behind the colonization process, has failed to order the territory, and has been completely substituted by the FARC in some areas [38]. However, the new peace process changed the dynamics within the region, as we explore in this study. In contrast, Cesar, located in the northern region, is ranked 21 of 33 according to its area (2% of the national territory) and is 95% rural. Despite its small size, it has four strategic ecosystems for conservation: de Santa Marta, Serranía del Perijá, the valley of the and the valley of the Magdalena River. has lost around 90% of Forest (TDF)–only 720,000 of 8. 8 million hectares estimated remain–Cesar region has the largest volume of TDF remnants in the country, at 72,401 ha, or 21. 8% [39]. According to Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi [40], both productivity and conservation could be combined in the department because of its 2. 2 million hectares: 48% is suitable for different types of production and 51. 2% should be protected due to its environmental importance. Palm oil crops, coal mining, cocoa, and livestock are the main economic activities in the region. Coal mining is particularly causing environmentaland social damages.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Edible insect farming could help address global food security as demand for protein increases. [SEP] Text: Its odour provides a flavour profile that is essential for consumer acceptance of food products such as chili pastes or fish sauces. As entomophagy is practised around the world, a novel edible insect product has certain potential for being accepted and enjoyed. of However, it is important to note that while promising, edible insects are still highly variable between/within species and metamorphic stages. When comparing the amount of energy found between edible insects in previously cited studies, these values varied by hundreds of calories per gram (Ramos-Elorduy et al. , 1997; Oonincx and van der Poel, 2011). Protein content had differences as great as 64%, whereas fat had variations as high as 44% (Womeni et al. , 2009; Raksakantong et al. , 2010; Xiaoming et al. , 2010). It could be easily discerned from these values that the benefits of each edible insect species can vary significantly. In addition, analogous to shellfish or prawns, the type of habitat and diet of these insects can also change their flavour and even their nutritive values (Ramos-Elorduy et al. , 1997; Klasing et al. , 2000; Finke, 2003; Raksakantong et al. , 2010; Oonincx and van der Poel, 2011; Nowak et al. , 2016). As grasshoppers (Zonocerus variegatus) in Nigeria were fed with bran, which contains more fatty acids than that of corn, these insects demonstrated almost doubled protein levels (Ademolu et al. , 2010). In yet another study, migratory locusts were fed with three different diets, consisting either solely of grass, mixed grass and wheat bran, or combination of grass, wheat bran, and carrots (Oonincx and van der Poel, 2011). The investigators found the wheat bran diets reduced the protein content and increased the fat content of the locusts, whereas the addition of carrots further enhanced the fat content and provided greater levels of β-carotene. Hence, although entomophagy has been revealed with great potential to be an extraordinary resource for relieving global food insecurity and malnutrition, it is essential to obtain complete nutritional profiles in order to determine the actual nourishment available in the finished product.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Over the past two years and especially at the beginning of the pandemic, telehealth relieved the burden to the whole healthcare system by sparing more labor and physical resources taking care of the COVID cases [5, 6]. It also protected patients and care providers from the risk of infection while maintaining timely access to necessary care services [7,8,9,10]. Existing research on telehealth since then have shown the changing volume over time [11,12,13], share and concentration across care service areas [2, 14], as well as utilization by patient subgroup [15,16,17] and among those with special needs [18,19,20,21]. However, there is limited evidence about the effects of telehealth on long-term healthcare costs and patient outcomes [22, 23]. Also limited is the knowledge on the relative timing (e. g. , one type of service happens before or after the other) and the subsequent utilization patterns (e. g. , follow-up rates and visit types) between telehealth and in-person options, which would also influence the direction and magnitude of telehealth effects on care costs and outcomes [24,25,26,27]. There have been mixed opinions on the effects of telehealth. On the one hand, people believe that telehealth provides timely care access and in a relatively cost-friendly way. As a result, it could reduce emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations that would otherwise be avoidable and ultimately save healthcare costs by reducing unplanned events [28,29,30,31]. Conversely, some argue that telehealth is not an adequate substitute for in-person service, and will either need in-person follow-up visits to supplement the service or cause even more delayed or missed care, resulting in higher care costs, worse care outcomes, or both [24, 25, 32]. Uncertainties to these questions impede policy makers and private entities such as insurers, clinicians and/or care organizations to make permanent decisions on telehealth when the public health emergency is coming to an end [33,34,35,36,37,38]. Telehealth also imposes unique challenges and opportunities for care delivery among the aging population worldwide. Take the US as an example.

Output: contrast