Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: basics From concepts to causal loops. Cambridge: Pegasus Communications; 1997. p. 17–36. 51. . A definition of systems thinking: A systems approach. Sci [Internet]. 2015;44:669–678. Available from: View 52. Schlindwein SL, Ison R. Confronting total systemic failure? 2018 truckers’ strike in Brazil. Behav Sci. 2019;1–9. View 53. Kohlbacher F. The use of qualitative content analysis in case study research. Sozialforsch. 2006;7. View 54. Mayring P. Qualitative content analysis: theoretical foundation, basic procedures and software solution. Klagenfurt: Leibniz-Institut für Sozialwissenschaften; 2014. 55. . Integrating critical thinking and systems thinking: From premises to causal loops. Rev. 2004;20:223–235. View 56. A system dynamics approach for sustainability assessment of biodiesel production in Colombia. Baseline simulation. J [Internet]. 2019;213:1–20. Available from: View 57. Peacebuilding in Rural Colombia—A of the Reform (IRR) in the Department of Caquet á (Amazon). Land. 2020;9:1–17. View 58. Unplanned land clearing of Colombian rainforests: Spreading like disease? Plan. 2006;77:240–254. View 59. IDEAM. Sistema de Monitoreo de Bosque y Carbono [Internet]. Rep. Cambio la Superf. Cubierta por Bosque Nat. 2020 [cited 2020 Oct 13]. Available from: 60. Cherubin MR, Chavarro-Bermeo JP, Silva-Olaya AM. Agroforestry systems improve soil physical quality in northwestern Colombian Amazon. Agrofor Syst. 2019;93:1741–1753. View 61. Mendoza JP. Colombia ‘ s transition to peace is enhancing coca- driven deforestation ‘ s transition to peace is enhancing coca-driven deforestation. Lett. 2020;15. View 62. Murad CA, Pearse J. Landsat study of deforestation in the Amazon region of Colombia: Departments of Caquetá and Putumayo. Environ. 2018;11:161–171.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: Причем, если в настоящее время имеется множество открытых месторождений глубоководных полиметаллических сульфидов (ГПС), железомарганцевых конкреций (ЖМК), кобальтомарганцевых корок (КМК), полиметаллических илов (ПМИ) и т. д. в Тихом, Индийском, Атлантическом и Северном Ледовитом океанах, то степень их разведанности (запасы, условия залегания и т. п. ) достаточно низка.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Study; year (country)RCT designFollow-up durationTotal participants (phone and video), n (n, n)PopulationIntervention and comparatorReported relevant outcomesByaruhanga et al [31]; 2021 (Australia)Parallel 3-arm4 months699 (229, 201)Smokers older than 18 years, who live in rural and remote areas, with access to a telephone, internet, and emailUp to 6 sessions with 15-minute smoking cessation video counseling delivered by smoking cessation advisors via video communication technology (eg, Skype) vs that delivered via telephone7-day point prevalence abstinence, prolonged abstinence, and quit attemptsCacioppo et al [12]; 2021 (United States)Parallel 3-arm6 months119 (37, 38)Patients with cancer who speak English and are eligible for cancer genetic testingOne session of genetic counseling by genetic counselors via HIPAAa-compliant videoconferencing software or telephone at the oncology clinic in addition to generic information flyersGenetic counseling service uptake and satisfaction with telemedicineChambers et al [25]; 2006 (United Kingdom)Parallel 2-arm12 months30 (15, 15)Patients receiving parenteral nutritionStandard care and follow-up according to usual protocols, with videophone or telephone with the nutrition nurse specialist: weekly for 1 month, fortnightly for 1 month, once a monthly for 4 months, and quarterly for the rest of the studyIn-patient daysEgner et al [13]; 2003 (United States)Parallel 3-arm24 months27 (11, 9)Patients with multiple sclerosis who had a recent functional setback in disease process and with an score of ≥7Structured at-home education and counseling session delivered via video or telephone by a rehabilitation nurseDepression, fatigue, and health-related quality of lifeFincher et al [14]; 2009 (United States)Parallel 3-armOne-off intervention and outcome survey75 (25, 25)Patients with Parkinson disease who take ≥3 medications and have access to and are able to regularly use telephones and purpose-built videophones20-minute standardized Parkinson disease medication and counseling sessions by a nurse via videophone or telephonePatient satisfactionHastings et al [15]; 2021 (United States)Parallel 2-arm3 and a half months40 dyads (20, 20)Veterans aged 65 years or older with

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: View 63. Instituto de Hidrología Meteorología y -IDEAM. Boletín de Detección Temprana de la Deforestación 17 [Internet]. Bogotá, D. C (Colombia); 2018. Available from: 64. Grajales J. Land grabbing, legal contention and institutional change in Colombia. J Peasant Stud. 2015;37–41. View 65. . Diverging forest land use dynamics induced by armed conflict across the tropics. Chang [Internet]. 2019;56:86–94. Available from: View 66. Deforestation of rainforests requires active use of UN ‘ s Goals. Environ. 2020;742. View 67. Cárdenas-Camacho LM, Díaz S, Gómez-Anaya W, et al. Participatory analysis of ecosystem services in a protected area of the tropical dry forest (TDF), Colombia. Colomb For. 2021;24:123–156. View 68. . D. C. A. Síntesis del estudio nacional de la degradación de suelos por erosión en Colombia—2015. Bogotá, D. C (Colombia); 2015. 69. FAO. Carbon: the [Internet]. Fao. Rome, Italy: Food and of the United Nations; 2017. Available from: 70. Selvaraju R. Climate risk assessment and management in agriculture. In: editors. Adapt to Proc a Jt FAO/OECD Work [Internet]. Rome: FAO—OECD; 2012. p. 71–90. Available from: www. fao. org/docrep/017/i3084e/i3084e. pdf. 71. de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible—MADS. de Gestión del Cambio Climático Territorial del Departamento de Cesar. [Internet]. Bogotá, D. C. , Colombia; 2015. Available from: 72. Gobernación del Cesar. Plan de desarrollo Departamento del Cesar 2016–2019. 2016. p. 237. 73.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: 1 Принципиальная схема разработки месторождений ЖМК кассетным тралом: 1 – кассетный трал (ковш-черпак); 2 – буксирное судно; 3 – буксирный трос; 4 – судно-сборщик; 5 – всплывающие тралы (сетчатые емкости); 6 – сигнальное устройство; 7 – залежь конкрецийFig. 1 General layout of FMN mining with a cassette-type sweeper: 1 – cassette-type sweeper (scoop); 2 – towing vessel; 3 – tow rope; 4 – collecting vessel; 5 – self-surfacing sweeper (meshed containers); 6 – signalling device; 7 – nodule depositКассетный трал состоит из нескольких частей (рис.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text:  complex medical conditions and suspected mild cognitive impairment, and their care partners12-week care management intervention: monthly video or telephone calls from a study nurse covering medication management, cardiovascular disease risk reduction, physical activity, and sleep behaviorsFeasibility, acceptability, and usabilityJerant et alb [16]; 2001 (United States)Parallel 3-arm12 months37 (12, 13)Patients with congestive heart failure aged 40 years or older who speak EnglishHome telecare delivered via a 2-way videoconference device with an integrated electronic stethoscope or nurse telephone callsHealth care costs and patient satisfactionKim et al [18]; 2018 (United States)Parallel 2-arm6 months42 (21, 21)18-75–year-old women living with HIV who smoke ≥5 cigarettes per day, have smartphones, speak English, and are willing to set a quit date within 4 weeks from the first session8 weekly counseling sessions (10-30 minutes) by a counselor for smoking cessation conducted via video or telephone calls along with open-label nicotine patches (also for 8 weeks)Biochemically verified 2- and 6-month abstinenceKim et al [19]; 2016 (United States)Parallel 2-arm3 months49 (25, 24)18-65–year-old women who had smoked ≥10 cigarettes per day for the last 6 months, who have access to video calls, without contraindication to nicotine patches, not pregnant or lactating, and are willing to set a quit date within 4 weeks from the baseline assessment8 weekly counseling sessions (30 minutes) conducted by therapists for a deep culturally adapted smoking cessation intervention by video or a telephone call app along with open-label nicotine patches (also for 8 weeks).

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: Montoya-Molina S, Giraldo-Echeverri C, Montoya-Lerma J, et al. Land sharing vs. land sparing in the dry Caribbean lowlands: A dung beetles’ perspective. Ecol [Internet]. 2016;98:204–212. Available from: View 74. Ulloa A, Coronado S, editors. Extractivismos y posconflicto en Colombia: retos para la paz territorial. Bibl. abierta. Colecc. Gen. Ser. Perspect. Ambient. Grup. Investig. Cult. y Ambient. Bogotá, D. C (Colombia): de Colombia, sede Bogotá, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Geografía. Centro de Investigación y Educación por la Paz (CINEP/PPP); 2016. 75. Oxfam. Divide and Purchase: How land ownership is being concentrated in Colombia [Internet]. Oxford, UK; 2013. Available from: 76. Wiig H, García-reyes P. Bread or justice—Land restitution and investments in Montes de Maria, Colombia. Land use policy [Internet]. 2020;91:104380. Available from: View 77. Abiertos Datos. Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural. Número de solicitudes de inscripción al recibidas en la Unidad de Restitución de Tierras según municipio de ubicación del predio. [Internet]. Estadísticas Solicit. Restitución Discrim. Munic. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep 18]. Available from: View 78. . Scaling up zero-deforestation initiatives through public-private partnerships: A look inside post-conflict Colombia. Chang [Internet]. 2020;62. Available from: View 79. Haraldsson HV. Introduction to Diagrams. Lund, Sweden; 2004. 80. Yearworth M, White L. The uses of qualitative data in multimethodology: Developing causal loop diagrams during the coding process. [Internet]. 2013;231:151–161. Available from: View 81. Sterman J.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: 2 Cassette-type sweeper workflow: а – lowering to the working face (start of operation); b – mining of nodules; c – replacement of the sweeper filled with nodules and preparation for surfacing; 1 – scoop (mouldboard); 2 – tow rope fixing assembly with a penetrating counterbalance; 3 – tow rope; 4 – nodules; 5 – swing-ing plate; 6 – cassette (main horizontal part); 7 – sweepers (intake vessels); 8 – extra strong sweep-er net; 9 – flexible frame of the sweepers’ internal cross section; 10a – top holding roller with a com-pressed air bottle; 10b – bottom holding roller; 11 – swinging plate hinge; 12 – spring link; 1 3 – rigid supporting rod; 14 – spring latch; 15 – inclined (feeding) part of the cassette; 16 – elastic pulling rope; 17 – cylinders for surfacing; 18 – compressed air bottles; I – operational position of the plate; I I – unloading position of the plateКомплекс работает следующим образом: кассетный трал ковшами-черпаками, изготовленный в виде четырех-угольной призмы без оснований, опускается лебедкой с буксирного судна на дно так, чтобы отвал находился перед залежью конкреций (рис. 1 и 2).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: 5 months30 (14, 16)Infants with major congenital heart disease and their carersHome monitoring via videoconferencing or telephone calls following discharge from hospital, started twice-weekly and then as needed by physiciansAnxiety levels of familiesPhillips et al [22]; 2001 (United States)Parallel 3-arm12 months111 (36, 36)18-60–year-old patients with newly acquired spinal cord injuryIndividual educational rehabilitation sessions with a nurse via video or telephone calls once a week for 5 weeks, and then fortnightly for 1 monthDepression, quality of life, and annual hospital daysRenard et al [29]; 2022 (Canada)Parallel 2-arm—e20 (10, 10)Rehabilitation patients with nonurgent conditions who have access to the internet or a computer, who can follow instructions for exercises at homeUp to 6 sessions of videoconference or telephone follow-ups with a physiotherapistQualitative analysis of feasibility, clinical effectiveness, and patient satisfactionWakefield et alf [24]; 2008 (United States) and Wakefield et al [23]; 2009 (United States)Parallel 3-arm12 months148 (47, 52)Patients with heart failureHome monitoring via a purpose-built videophone or telephone 3 times in the first week after discharge, and then weekly for 11 weeks (14 contacts over 3 months by the study nurse)6-month mortality, self-efficacy, and satisfaction with careYoung et al [30]; 2007 (Canada)Parallel 2-arm1. 5 months43 dyads (22, 21)Pediatric orthopedic surgery patients and their caregiversFollow-up using a purpose-built videophone or telephone post discharge on day 3 and as needed for 6 weeks by an orthopedic clinic nurseQualitative exploration of families’ experiencesaHIPAA: Portability and Accountability Act. bSame studies that published their results in multiple publications. cSame studies that published their results in multiple publications. dSame studies that published their results in multiple publications. eNot available. fSame studies that published their results in multiple publications. Risk of BiasOverall, most studies had a high risk of bias or some concerns, mostly in 2 domains: randomization processes were not clearly reported in 12 studies, and we could not clearly determine bias in the selection of reported results in 9 studies.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: :. ESD Intern. Symp. 2002. View 82. Poku-Boansi M. Multi-stakeholder involvement in urban land use planning in the Ejisu Municipality, Ghana: An application of the social complexities’ theory. Land use policy [Internet]. 2021;103:105315. Available from: View 83. . Towards violent peace? Territorial dynamics of violence in Tumaco (Colombia) before and after the demobilisation of the FARC-EP. Conflict, [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Sep 18];19:497–520. Available from: View 84. Hoffmann C, García Márquez JR, Krueger T. A local perspective on drivers and measures to slow deforestation in the Andean-Amazonian foothills of Colombia. Land use policy [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2021 Sep 18];77:379–391. Available from: View 85. Wiig H, García-Reyes P. Bread or justice—Land restitution and investments in Montes de Maria, Colombia. Land use policy. 2020;91. View 86. Counter M. Faith: Land Grabbing, Legal Dispossession, and in Colombia. J Geogr [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Sep 16];18:169–192. Available from: View 87. Milke MW. Causal loops for analysis of the social dimension to complex systems. [Internet]. 2013;30:243–248. Available from: 88. Presidencia de la República de Colmbia. Municipios de las Zomac [Internet]. Arch. la Pres. 2015–2018. 2017 [cited 2021 Dec 10]. Available from: 89. (WWF). Land Grabbing: Tracing and Targeting the “Invisible” Colombia’s Forests. Transparent Gov. Nat. Resour. 2021. View 90. Elhawary S. Between war and peace: Land and humanitarian action in Colombia. 2007. View 91. Ramirez B. ? 2018;1–15. Available from: View 92. into Conservation. Conserv Lett. 2018;11:1–12. View 93. tenure, asset heterogeneity and deforestation in Faso. Econ [Internet]. 2015;61:51–58.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: Мировой океан как резерв минерального сырья в XXI веке. В: Мировая горная промышленность 2004–2005: история, достижения, перспективы. М. : Горное дело; 2005. Т. 1. С. 165–179. 4. Гальперин A. M. , Кириченко Ю. В. , Щекина М. В. , Каширский А. С. , Якупов И. И. Оценка возможности вовлечения железомарганцевых месторождений морского дна в разработку. Ч. 1. Минерально-сырьевые ресурсы мирового океана. Горный информационно-аналитический бюллетень (научно-технический журнал). 2014;(5):134–142. 5. Гальперин A. M.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Bias due to deviations from intended interventions, missing outcome data, and bias in measurement of the outcomes were mostly low (Figure 2). Risk of bias assessment of individual studies is provided as Multimedia 3. Figure 2. Risk of bias of included studies. Primary Outcomes: Clinical EffectivenessThree trials that were conducted in the community reported on smoking cessation outcomes [18,19,31]. Though the outcomes favored telephone consultations, overall, there was no significant difference between telephone and video interventions in smoking abstinence up to 6 months following interventions (Figure 3). For depression (measured by the Center for score), 2 studies including patients with multiple sclerosis [13] and newly acquired spinal cord injury [22] found no significant difference in outcomes between telephone and video interventions up to 2 years (Figure 4). Four studies reported quality-of-life outcomes [13,16,22,23]. There was no difference in quality of well-being scores between telephone and video interventions (Figure 5). However, patients in the telephone group scored a half a point more overall on the with Questionnaire scores, which ranges between 0 to 105, higher scores indicating better quality of life. Although statistically significant, half a point is not likely to be clinically significant. Figure 3. Difference in smoking abstinence rates between video and telephone consultations [19,31]. Figure 4. Difference in depression outcomes between video and telephone consultations [13,22]. Figure 5. Difference in quality-of-life outcomes between video and telephone consultations [13,22]. studies in total reported on health care usage outcomes: 2 studies reported on the mean number of inpatient days [22,25], 1 study reported on total health care costs [17], and 1 study reported on both [26]. Three studies reported outcomes associated with health care usage, specifically, inpatient days of the 2 intervention groups [22,25,26]. These study participants had either parenteral nutrition, congenital heart disease, or spinal cord injury and were monitored in the community. Overall, there was no significant difference between telephone and video intervention groups regarding the number of inpatient days (Figure 6). However, there was substantial heterogeneity, and notably, McCrossan et al’s [27] trial with children with congenital heart disease significantly favored video consultations. Figure 6. Difference in health care usage outcomes between video and telephone consultations [22,25,26].

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: The liver then converts the saved glycogen lower back into glucose thru glycogenolysis. The glucose is launched as a part of a homeostatic mechanism regulating blood glucose inside ordinary ranges. Skeletal muscle tissues comprise saved glycogen, however do now no longer comprise the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. This enzyme lets in glucose to be damaged down, allowing it to pass thru cell membranes and input the bloodstream. The enzyme simplest has restricted usefulness in muscle cells. The liver synthesizes extra glucose from amino acids, glycerol, and lactic acid thru gluconeogenesis. Glucose is both immediately launched into the flow or saved as glycogen. The glycemic index is a value this is assigned to meals, primarily based totally on the velocity wherein they motive will increase in blood glucose levels. Foods which are low at the glycemic index (GI) scale typically launch glucose slowly and steadily, even as meals excessive at the glycemic index launch glucose quickly. The decrease GI meals resource in weight reduction, however the ones excessive on the dimensions resource in strength healing after exercising, or to save you hypoglycemia. Therefore, human beings with diabetes or prediabetes need to eat extra of the decrease GI meals. This is due to the fact quicker launch of glucose from the better GI meals outcomes in spikes in blood sugar levels. Good glucose manipulate is maintained through the sluggish and constant launch of glucose from the decrease GI meals. In order to enhance blood glucose, manipulate and decrease frame weight and waist circumference, a few research have validated that an in depth nutritional intervention, primarily based totally at the dietary guidelines for human beings with diabetes, is extra powerful than standard care, specially in diabetic sufferers now no longer competently managed regardless of an optimized hypoglycemic drug remedy [3]. However, it’s far critical to underline that amongst obese or overweight sufferers with type 2 diabetes and insufficient glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid manipulate and/or different obesity-associated clinical conditions, way of life adjustments that encompass diet, exercising, and day by day/weekly contacts with health experts are the handiest interventions, as validated through the trial.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: , Кириченко Ю. В. , Щекина М. В. , Каширский А. С. , Якупов И И. Оценка возможностей вовлечения железомарганцевых месторождений морского дна в разработку Ч. 2. Перспективы разработки глубоководных месторождений твердого минерального сырья. Горный информационно-аналитический бюллетень (научно-технический журнал). 2014;(6):361–368. 6. Kirichenko U. V. , Kashirsky A. S. Development of underwater fields of firm minerals for a solution of the problem of deficiency of the mineral raw materials. In: on Resource Issues. Vol. 1: Innovations in Value Chains: Geology, Mining, Processing, Economics, Safety, and Environmental Management. Freiberg: Medienzentrum der TU Bergakademie Freiberg; 2014. P. 239–247. 7. Задорнов М. М. , Романчук А. И. , Болотов Л. А.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Two other studies compared the total health care costs of the 2 intervention groups [17,26]. In a study with patients with chronic heart failure [17], the video care group’s total health care charges were higher than those of the telephone care group. Conversely, in a study with pediatric cardiology patients, the total health care costs were one-fourth those of the telephone care group [26]. However, in both studies, telephone and video interventions cost much less than usual care. CareSix studies reported on patient satisfaction with care, of which 3 are comparable and are shown in Figure 7 [14,16,23]. In the other 3 studies, the patients were equally satisfied with both telephone and video telehealth consultations in resolving their questions and concerns [20,27,28]. Seven studies addressed the acceptability and feasibility of the telehealth interventions [15,18,19,27-30]. Both telephone and video interventions were largely and equally acceptable; however, the main challenges for feasibility were access to video call equipment and individual patients’ condition severity and self-efficacy. Clinicians also found videoconferencing acceptable and were more confident in making clinical judgements via video calls rather than telephone calls [27,28]. Figure 7. Patient satisfaction with telehealth [14]. DiscussionPrincipal FindingsThis systematic review identified 16 RCTs, which provided a direct comparison of telephone and video telehealth consultations for ongoing care of patients with established diagnoses. There were no significant differences in clinical effectiveness, patient satisfaction, and health care use (cost-effectiveness) outcomes between the 2 modalities. Both telephone and video consultations were acceptable and feasible. Most of the studies had moderate to high risk of bias, thus reducing the quality of the evidence to low. Many prior studies have demonstrated that telephone and video telehealth consultations by themselves can be equally safe and effective compared to face-to-face delivery with regard to acceptability, effectiveness, and safety outcomes for a wide variety of conditions such as diabetes [32,33] and mental health [5,34,35]. This review adds further evidence that telephone and video consultations are equally acceptable and effective when compared directly. This review has several strengths. We developed and registered the protocol a priori, conducted rigorous search to find all available evidence, and followed guidelines. Clear, strict inclusion and exclusion criteria allowed for studies in a variety of different health conditions to be synthesized and systematically reviewed.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: Insulin become administered to the sufferers withinside the in depth insulin remedy organization to preserve blood glucose degrees among 80 and 110 mg/dl, which ended in suggest blood glucose levels of 90-one hundred mg/dl (normoglycemia). Tight blood glucose manipulate with insulin strikingly diminished ICU (in depth care unit) mortality from 8. 0 to 4. 6% (43% discount). The advantage become especially attributed to the organization of sufferers who required in depth take care of extra than five days with a 48% mortality discount from 20. 2 to 10. 6%. Besides saving lives, in depth insulin remedy in large part averted numerous CI-related headaches. The prevalence of CI (important illness) polyneuropathy become decreased through 44%, the improvement of blood circulate infections through 46%, and acute renal failure requiring dialysis or hemofiltration through 41%. The variety of sufferers who received liver disorder with hyperbilirubinemia become diminished through 16%. Furthermore, anemia much less regularly evolved as illustrated through the 50% discount withinside the median variety of red blood cell transfusions needed. Finally, sufferers had been additionally much less depending on extended mechanical air flow and in-depth care. A massive variety of sufferers had been blanketed withinside the look at after complex cardiac surgery. Nevertheless, the scientific advantages of this remedy had been similarly found in maximum different diagnostic subgroups. Particularly withinside the organization of sufferers with remoted mind damage, in depth insulin remedy become capable of shield the valuable and peripheral apprehensive system from secondary insults and progressed lengthy-time period rehabilitation. An critical affirmation of the scientific advantages of in depth insulin remedy become currently acquired with the demonstration, through a massive randomized managed trial, that the Leuven protocol of glycemic manipulate with insulin in grownup surgical significantly unwell sufferers become further powerful in a strictly clinical ICU affected person populace. Indeed, clinic mortality become decreased from 40. 0 to 37. 3% withinside the intention-to-deal with populace (now no longer massive) and from 52. 5 to 43. 0% withinside the goal organization of lengthy-live sufferers wanting at the least a 3rd day of in-depth care, for which the look at have been powered primarily based totally at the outcomes of the surgical look at.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: AbstractAs the prospect of commercial deep seabed mining comes closer to reality, the Authority (ISA) has begun to turn its attention to the question of how to achieve equitable sharing of the benefits from such mining as mandated by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. One approach to equitable distribution is to develop a methodology for distribution of net financial benefits based on agreed rules or formulae. Under this scenario, ISA would collect the net financial benefits and transfer the monetary proceeds to a pool of qualified beneficiaries. However, there are inherent weaknesses to this approach. We propose, in line with similar suggestions by the of ISA, that an alternative form of distribution could be a Fund, similar to a sovereign wealth fund, administered by ISA. Such a fund would support and enhance knowledge about the deep-sea for the benefit of all humanity. In line with this, it is envisaged that the Fund could also support other global public goods that benefit all of humanity, such as adaptation or mitigation of climate change, advancing scientific knowledge of the ocean and deep-sea ecosystems, and ensuring biodiversity conservation. These are known to be underprovided and underfunded and could also benefit from funding sourced from and returned to all humanity. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Authority or any of its member States. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access. Access this 34. 9910 units per month Download 29. 95 Price excludes VAT (USA) Available as PDF Read on any device Instant download Own it forever Buy 139. 00 Price excludes VAT (USA) Available as EPUB and PDF Read on any device Instant download Own it forever Buy e179. 99 Price excludes VAT (USA) Compact, lightweight edition Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days Free shipping worldwide - see info 179. 99 Price excludes VAT (USA) Durable hardcover edition Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days Free shipping worldwide - see info calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Institutional subscriptions Similar content being viewed by others of Marine Conservation: of Debt-for-1. resolution 2749 (XXV), 17 December 1970. 2. Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982: A/CONF. 62/122 and Corr. 1–11, ILM 21 (1982) 1261.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Furthermore, we only included RCTs and assessed the risk of bias of all included studies. However, there are some limitations to our findings. All included studies were conducted in high- and middle-income countries and most included fewer than 50 participants, thus limiting the generalizability of our findings. Half of the studies were conducted prior to 2012 before smartphones were in widespread use, using special video calling devices installed in patients’ homes, which would limit the scalability of the intervention. However, with the increasing ownership of personal smartphones worldwide, video communications have become more accessible in recent years, and we believe that the findings from studies using older video calling devices would still be valid today in terms of clinical effectiveness. Lastly, as shown in the risk of bias assessment, some of the studies may have baseline inequalities due to unclear randomization processes; therefore, our results should be interpretated with caution. The clinical relevance of our findings depends on the objectives and clinical contexts of the consultations. In most of our included studies, telehealth interventions were used to follow-up with patients with chronic conditions in the community. This demonstrates the value of telehealth to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations, ensure continuity of care, and improve accessibility of essential health care services for patients in rural and remote areas. Furthermore, different telehealth modalities may be better suited to different types of health care provisions. For example, clinicians were more confident in making clinical judgements and decisions via video rather than by telephone, but the patients were equally satisfied with both video and telephone consultations. However, there was a dearth of studies on telehealth consultations for diagnostic purposes. Future studies should address this gap and provide evidence for usability and effectiveness of telehealth interventions for diagnostic consultations. Although the COVID-19 pandemic greatly accelerated the uptake of telehealth worldwide, we have not found any studies conducted in a primary care setting, which compared telephone to video consultations. Given the increase in convenience and accessibility and a decrease in health care costs, video or phone consultations could be highly beneficial in primary care delivery. Hence, there is an urgent need for studies in primary care settings comparing telephone to video delivery, to establish the most appropriate mode of health care delivery, particularly when access to face-to-face–delivered health care is limited by circumstances such as geography, disability, caretaking obligations, and limited health care resources.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: Intensive insulin remedy substantially decreased morbidity withinside the intention-to-deal with organization, with decrease occurence of latest improvement of kidney damage and hyperbilirubinemia, in advance weaning from mechanical air flow and in advance discharge from the ICU and from the clinic. The discount in morbidity become even extra placing withinside the goal organization of sufferers last in ICU for at the least a 3rd day. These sufferers had been discharged from the clinic alive on common 10 days in advance than on traditional insulin remedy. The variety of lengthy-live sufferers with hyperinflammation become additionally decreased. Blood glucose manipulate become really much less strict and ended in suggest glucose levels of 131 mg/dl withinside the protocol period, in comparison with 152 mg/ dl withinside the baseline period. In contrast with the historic manipulate organization, sufferers did clinically higher after the implementation of the glucose manipulate protocol, with a 29% decrease in clinic mortality, period of ICU live reduced through 11%, 75% much less sufferers evolved new renal failure, and 19% much less sufferers required red blood cell transfusion. No impact become visible in regards to prevention of extreme infections, however the prevalence of this problem become already low withinside the baseline period. In a predominantly standard surgical affected person populace, but, some other prospective, randomized, managed look at, albeit a small one, showed the findings of a reduced prevalence of overall nosocomial infections (which includes intravascular device, blood circulate, intravascular device-associated blood circulate, and surgical site infections) with in depth insulin remedy concentrated on glucose levels among 80 and 120 mg/dl. This intervention ended in suggest day by day glucose levels of 125 as opposed to 179 mg/ dl withinside the wellknown glycemic manipulate organization. In an observational look at of sufferers with diabetes mellitus present process cardiac surgery, intravenous insulin infusion to take away hyperglycemia additionally diminished in-clinic mortality in comparison with the historic manipulate organization, with fewer deep sternal wound infections and shorter period of clinic live. can without a doubt outline the prediabetic sufferers as whose blood sugar levels are neither on the ordinary degree nor on the diabetic degree consistent with the ADA/WHO (Organization/Association) standards for diabetes [6].

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: AbstractThe growing importance of cobalt to the US economy has led to its categorisation as a critical mineral. Cobalt demand is increasing due to its requirement in lithium-ion batteries, which will significantly contribute to the energy transition. Supply is threatened for various reasons, primarily regarding supply chain concentrations, with the majority of the world’s cobalt originating in terrestrial deposits in the of the Congo, and being refined in China. There remain environmental and ethical concerns over the present supply chain. Previous discussions around reducing cobalt’s criticality have suggested diversifying processing locations to reduce geographical and jurisdictional reliance where possible. This study assesses the viability of extracting cobalt from polymetallic nodules (PMNs) located on the deep-seabed in the Area, as an alternative strategy to reduce cobalt’s criticality. Assessments are made of the viability of PMN extraction considering ongoing barriers to introduction, contrasted with current arguments supporting PMN extraction. PMN mining offers a more stable and decentralised alternative to current cobalt supply. There exist impediments to its introduction, notably potential environmental impacts, which remain poorly understood. Technical and political restrictions must also be overcome. It is argued that the wider environmental benefits of increased cobalt supply from PMN mining may offset its detrimental environmental impacts. It is suggested that PMN mining be used in a wider strategy to improve supply security of cobalt to US markets. Similar content being viewed by others of Deep-Nodules 1. Cobalt’s unique properties as outlined above render its substitutability low, meaning that in many applications, further substitution other than that which currently exists would result in a deterioration of product performance and/or an increase in cost. Compounding cobalt’s criticality is its common extraction as a by-product of other metals, resulting in production levels being mainly driven by the market conditions of the principal metals such as nickel and cobalt, rather than the market’s requirements for cobalt (Slack et al. 2017).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: ConclusionsBased on 16 diverse trials, we found no notable differences between telephone and video consultations for the management of patients with an established diagnosis. However, many of the trials identified were small and old, and were conducted in high-income countries, thus limiting the generalizability of these conclusions. There is also a significant lack of telehealth research in primary care settings despite high uptake. Conflicts of InterestThis systematic review was commissioned by the Department of Health and as part of a series of systematic reviews on the effectiveness of telehealth within primary care. The funder was involved in establishing the parameters of the study question (PICO [population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes]). The funder was not involved in the conduct, analysis, or interpretation of the systematic review, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The authors report no other actual or potential conflicts of interest. Multimedia 4483. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Use of general practitioner telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Regional Victoria, Australia: retrospective analysis. J Res. Feb 07, 2023;25:e39384. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]. Visit types in primary care with telehealth use during the COVID-19 pandemic: systematic review. . Nov 28, 2022;10(11):e40469. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]Shaver J. The state of telehealth before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Prim Care. Dec 2022;49(4):517-530. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Telehealth face-to-face provision of care to patients with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med. Aug 12, 2022;52(14):2852-2860. [CrossRef]. Nurse-led telehealth intervention effectiveness on reducing hypertension: a systematic review. BMC Nurs. Jan 17, 2023;22(1):19. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Telehealth for the longitudinal management of chronic conditions: systematic review. J Res. Aug 26, 2022;24(8):e37100. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: According to the ADA, analysis of prediabetes is primarily based totally at the presence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (calculated fasting plasma glucose level is among 100 mg/dl and 125 mg/dl) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (calculated 2nd hour plasma glucose degree is among 140 mg/dl and 199 mg/dl) throughout a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance take a look at or hemoglobin A1c level among 5. 7% and 6. 4%. The growing incidence of prediabetes is a primary public health hassle this is drawing interest all around the world. However, there’s nevertheless a debate among WHO and ADA for the precise definition of this time period. WHO advices intermediate hyperglycemia time period in preference to prediabetes, however ADA shows prediabetes time period along side declining pinnacle reference level of ordinary FPG level to the 100 mg/dl. Detecting prediabetic human beings could be very critical, due to the fact like diabetic sufferers, there are near relationships among prediabetes and most important public health sicknesses. In a preceding ADA professional panel, the prediabetic people’ expected charge for development to the diabetes become stated as 70%. In addition, human beings on the prediabetic stage have excessive threat of growing cardiovascular pathologies while in comparison to the normoglycemic populace. Myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and different coronary issues along side hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia prevelance is sort of threefold excessive in prediabetic populace than normoglycemic populace. Also, some other main motive of overall deaths round the sector is cancer, that is carefully associated with the prediabetes. Another critical sickness organization associated with the prediabetic is neurological problems. The actual pathophysiology among hyperglycemia and most important neurological problems has now no longer but been absolutely clarified; there are such a lot of papers in literature which have proven the linkage among them indisputably. Especially dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and despair are related to hyperglycemic conditions. A current look at performed on diet-triggered prediabetic rats stated that HPA axis pastime and reaction to strain become diminished, which will increase the threat of despair improvement. AD is a modern mind disorder, happening with advancing age. Main signs are lack of reminiscence and cognition.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: 2018); the criticality of a mineral may differ greatly between different stakeholders, at different times, in different geographic, political, and economic environments. Fig. 2Criticality matrix. Degree of criticality increases away from origin. In this case, mineral A is more critical than mineral B due to its higher vulnerability (economic importance) and supply risk. (2008)Full size imagePolymetallic nodulesPolymetallic nodules (PMNs) are potato-shaped metallic concentrations of primarily iron oxyhydroxides and manganese oxides that accrete around a nucleus, occurring as two-dimensional deposits on abyssal plains of all major oceans, and varying in size from less than one to tens of centimetres in diameter (Hein et al. 2020). Other than manganese, metals of economic interest contained within PMNs are nickel, copper, and crucially, cobalt. It is also noted that PMNs contain a variety of rare-earth elements (REEs) in promising quantities (Kuhn et al. 2017). The area with the largest known concentrations of the high-grade PMNs is the Clarion-(CCZ), situated in the abyssal Ocean (Fig. 6), with the deposits considered to have potentially great commercial value (Beaudoin et al. 2014; Wedding et al. 2015). This area sits outside of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of any nation state and is therefore considered to lie within ‘the Area’ under the Convention on the Law of the Sea (), noted as the “seabed and ocean floor and subsoil thereof, beyond the limits of national jurisdiction [no further than 200 nautical miles from any coastal state]” (1982). It is believed that the total contained cobalt within PMN deposits in the CCZ alone is 44,000 kt, more than three times greater than the global terrestrial reserve base of 13,000 kt, and over five times the global terrestrial reserves of 7500 ktFootnote 1 (Hein et al. 2013). Figure 3 shows grades and tonnages for significant cobalt deposits worldwide. Fig. 3Adapted from Slack et al. (2017)Grade-tonnage plot for 214 cobalt deposits worldwide.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Mar 29, 2021;372:n71. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Comparison of telephone versus video telehealth consultations: a systematic review protocol. JMIR Preprints. Preprint posted online June 14, 2023. 2023 [CrossRef]-. A full systematic review was completed in 2 weeks using automation tools: a case study. J Clin Epidemiol. May 2020;121:81-90. [CrossRef] [Medline]Sterne JAC, Savović RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. Aug 28, 2019;366:l4898. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Randomized study of remote telehealth genetic services versus usual care in oncology practices without genetic counselors. Cancer Med. Jul 08, 2021;10(13):4532-4541. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]. Depression, fatigue, and health-related quality of life among people with advanced multiple sclerosis: results from an exploratory telerehabilitation study. NRE. Jun 27, 2003;18(2):125-133. [CrossRef]. Using telehealth to educate Parkinson's disease patients about complicated medication regimens. J Gerontol Nurs. Feb 2009;35(2):16-24. [CrossRef] [Medline] Video-enhanced care management for medically complex older adults with cognitive impairment. J Soc. Jan 23, 2021;69(1):77-84. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]. A randomized trial of telenursing to reduce hospitalization for heart failure: patient-centered outcomes and nursing indicators. Q. Jan 2003;22(1):1-20. [CrossRef]. Reducing the cost of frequent hospital admissions for congestive heart failure: a randomized trial of a home telecare intervention. Med Care. Nov 2001;39(11):1234-1245. [CrossRef] [Medline]. A randomized controlled pilot trial of a smoking cessation intervention for US women living with HIV: telephone-based video call vs voice call. IJWH. Sep 2018;:545-555. [CrossRef]. A randomized controlled trial of a videoconferencing smoking cessation intervention for women: preliminary findings. IJWH. Sep 2016;:453-462.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: Reductions in glycemia may be produced through extreme, sudden, unaccustomed exercising or extended fasting (or each), through numerous pathological conditions (typically hepatic or gastroenterological), and through pharmacological means, however aren’t typically encountered in wholesome adults in evolved countries. Strict avoidance of low blood sugars is vital to keep away from the neurological and different effects of hypoglycemia. Neuroglycopenia (glucose depletion in neural tissue) begins offevolved at concentrations round 3. 0-3. 5 mmol/L (54-63 mg/dL) and counterregulatory mechanisms are set to reply to preserve glycemia effectively above this level. Prior to accomplishing neuroglycopenia, insulin secretion decreases at plasma glucose levels of round 4. 4-4. 7mmol/L (80-85 m/dL) and glucagon levels growth at plasma glucose levels of 3. 6-3. 9 mmol/L (65-70 mg/dL). (diabetic ketoacidosis) is a probably existence-threatening clinical emergency [7]. It takes place predominantly in type 1 diabetics and bills for the preliminary presentation of glucose-associated issues in approximately 25% of diabetics. Despite advances in remedy, the mortality charge for this situation stays 2-4%. DKA is a syndrome characterised through hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis due to both relative or absolute insulin deficiency. The remedy includes fluid and electrolyte replacement, collectively with non-stop low-dose insulin infusion. Precipitating reasons for DKA encompass infection, MI, trauma, pregnancy, or strain. In many cases, there isn’t an intercurrent sickness method, and noncompliance with insulin remedy is identified as a massive precipitant of DKA. Errors of insulin dosage can also additionally on occasion be a contributing factor. The number one abnormality in DKA is an absolute or relative insulin deficiency. This results in a upward push withinside the counter-regulatory hormones (catecholamines, glucagon, boom hormone, and cortisol). Changes in those hormone levels produce 3 most important outcomes: 1. Hyperglycemia because of reduced glucose usage and expanded hepatic gluconeogenesis; 2. Increased lipolysis main to ketone frame formation; 3. Increased metabolism of protein and discount in protein synthesis.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: Though economically promising PMN discoveries were made in the 1960s and 1970s (Mero 1965; Price 1967; Bischoff 1976; Halfar and Fujita 2002), the implementation of (1982) prohibited the claiming, acquisition, and exercise of rights with respect to minerals in the Area under 137. This 1. 2–1. 5bn. The ranges of and variations between these two figures demonstrate the vast economic uncertainty surrounding DSM projects. Fig. 4a Breakdown of total expected capital expenditures (CAPEX) for a DSM operation to exploit a PMN deposit. et al. (2018a). b Breakdown of annual expected operational expenditure (OPEX) for a DSM operation to exploit a PMN deposit. et al. (2018a)Full size imageFollowing initial CAPEX comes operational expenditure (OPEX), which denotes annual running costs of the project (Fig. 4b). Again, the majority of this expenditure is allocated to the metallurgical plant, an economic challenge in and of itself. There are at least 20 different metallurgical processes available to extract metals from PMNs based on five primary methods. Each has its own benefits and drawbacks, with varying levels of recovery of each target metal (Das and Anand 2017). This means that, assuming that the operator is responsible for the whole project from mine to market, they must decide which process to use. This involves determining whether to extract manganese alongside copper, nickel, and cobalt7, as well as detailed market forecasts for each metal, to ascertain the likelihood of continued economic viability. The price of a target metal may decrease drastically, making it subeconomic, whilst it may transpire that the price of a previously uneconomic constituent metal, i. e. titanium, increases exponentially, making it theoretically economically viable to extract. The sunk costs involved with the metallurgical plant render later changes to extraction method prohibitively expensive, requiring the operator to make a lasting decision based on market expectations, long before any revenue is generated. Figure 5 shows a projected lifetime cashflow profile for a DSM operation. Though this does not differ from a typical cashflow profile for a mining project (Banda 2019), it must be noted that DSM operations have never been undertaken on PMN deposits at scale, and thus are considered a much higher risk investment than terrestrial mining projects. This may deter investors, with banks potentially unwilling to provide loans (Roth et al. 2018b).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: [CrossRef]- Day-of-surgery video calls and phone calls increase patient satisfaction with outpatient surgery experience: a randomized controlled trial of postoperative communication modalities. J Surg Am. Feb 03, 2021;103(3):243-250. [CrossRef] [Medline] J. Whit Ewing, M. D. Resident/Award Paper: day of surgery video calls increase patient satisfaction: a randomized, controlled trial. Arthroscopy. Jan 2021;37(1):e19. [CrossRef]. Telehealth: reaching out to newly injured spinal cord patients. Rep. Nov 30, 2016;116(1_suppl):94-102. [CrossRef] Outcomes of a home telehealth intervention for patients with heart failure. J Telemed Telecare. Jan 01, 2009;15(1):46-50. [CrossRef] [Medline] Evaluation of home telehealth following hospitalization for heart failure: a randomized trial. E Health. Oct 2008;14(8):753-761. [CrossRef] [Medline]Chambers A, Hennessy E, Powell-Tuck J. Longitudinal trends in quality of life after starting home parenteral nutrition: a randomised controlled study of telemedicine. Clin Nutr. Jun 2006;25(3):505-514. [CrossRef] [Medline]. A cost analysis of a remote home support programme for infants with major congenital heart disease: evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Cardiovasc Res. 2015;04(05) [CrossRef] A randomised trial of a remote home support programme for infants with major congenital heart disease. Heart. Oct 11, 2012;98(20):1523-1528. [CrossRef] [Medline]. Home videoconferencing for patients with severe congential heart disease following discharge. Dis. 2008;3(5):317-324. [CrossRef] [Medline]. The acceptability of two remote monitoring modalities for patients waiting for services in a physiotherapy outpatient clinic. Musculoskeletal Care. Sep 10, 2022;20(3):616-624. [CrossRef] [Medline]. Post-surgical telehealth support for children and family care-givers. J Telemed Telecare. Jun 24, 2007;13(1):15-19.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: • Troughs withinside the blood glucose profile-this is, representing a bent to hypoglycaemia-nearly constantly arise round midday and among 3 and 5 am at top insulin pastime, in order that measures want to be taken to keep away from hypoglycaemia specially previous those instances. • When sufferers carry out 3 or 4 remoted blood glucose readings over 24 hours, it’s far important for them and their advisers to recognize what occurs to the blood glucose profile among the single readings. a non-invasive technique of tracking blood glucose might gift most important benefits over current invasive strategies, many studies organizations have tried to advocate severa appealing options in phrases of non- or minimally invasive glucose-sensing strategies withinside the physiological glucose concentrations (18- 450 mg/ dl) in human blood [9]. These tactics have validated promising outcomes thru in/ex vivo and in vitro experimental/scientific glucose evaluations. Through our preceding look at, we tried to check the variety of rising non- or minimally invasive strategies and strategies and furnished a complete listing in phrases of making use of opportunity physiological body fluids in preference to blood. Physiological body fluids are exceptionally complicated combos of a variable awareness of cells, proteins, macromolecules, metabolites, small molecules, which includes glucose. Although blood is the maximum typically studied body fluid and is taken into consideration because the gold well known medium for detecting glucose awareness, different rising organic body fluids inclusive of interstitial fluid (IF), urine, sweat, saliva, or ocular fluids, are extra handy because of the massive develop of nanotechnology. The quantity of glucose contained withinside the organic body is proportional to its awareness withinside the blood. These fluids had been applied as appealing opportunity pattern media for non-invasive non-stop tracking. The glucose level in those frame fluids is same to the glucose awareness withinside the blood plasma. Blood has been the gold-standard medium for glucose tracking due to the fact that measurements performed on this fluid had been first delivered in 1953. Blood is complicated plasma containing metabolites and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, bicarbonate, glucose, urea, and creatinine).

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: Furthermore, failed DSM projects such as Solwara 1 may validate concerns over the viability of DSM for PMNs2. Fig. 5Projected expenditures and revenues profile for the lifetime of a hypothetical DSM operation to exploit a PMN deposit. Each bar represents a yearly total expenditure/revenue. Vertically not to scale. et al. (2018b)Full size imageIt is believed that PMN mining projects can be profitable under favourable conditions, with potential project earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortisation of US$3. 735bn (Abramowski et al. 2021). Despite this, profitability is far from guaranteed (Koschinsky et al. 2018; Volkmann et al. 2018), underscoring the financial risks associated with PMN mining. Compared with terrestrial mining projects, DSM is considered to be potentially higher return although it undoubtedly brings higher risk to investors (Roth et al. 2018b). This is primarily due to its unproven status, as well as various economic barriers such as the requirement for purpose-built technological equipment and metallurgical plants, multiple possible extraction paths (each with unique economic benefits and drawbacks), the need to rely on the economic health of multiple metals for profitability, and uncertainty over mandatory deductions such as taxes and environmental funds (Volkmann et al. 2018). Environmental barriers to DSM of PMNsPossibly the greatest restriction to commercial DSM activities is the environmental question: can the environmental impacts be justified by the overall benefits? This aspect surrounds environmental impacts of DSM of PMN deposits, rather than the impact of the environment on mining operations, which is discussed in the “Economic barriers to DSM of PMNs” section. In order to solve this conundrum, the environmental impacts must first be known. This section considers environmental barriers to PMN mining by assessing the specific environmental impacts of PMN mining where possible, though acknowledging similarities between PMN mining and other DSM activities. The deep sea (> 200-m depth) represents 95% of the global biosphere by habitable volume, though an overwhelming proportion of it remains totally unexplored (Miller et al. 2018, and 2022. In reaction to growing frustration with ongoing delays and alleged pressure from investors, the government of Nauru, an ISA Member, triggered a clause in mandating the introduction of exploitation regulations within 2 years (Morse 2021).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: [CrossRef] [Medline] The short-term effectiveness of real-time video counselling on smoking cessation among residents in rural and remote areas: An interim analysis of a randomised trial. J Treat. Dec 2021;131:108448. [CrossRef] [Medline]. Efficacy of telemedicine on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetes. Feb 15, 2021;12(2):170-197. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]Eberle C, Stichling S. Effect of telemetric interventions on glycated hemoglobin A1c and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic meta-review. J Res. Feb 17, 2021;23(2):e23252. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Telehealth versus face-to-face psychotherapy for less common mental health conditions: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. . Mar 11, 2022;9(3):e31780. [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] The effectiveness of telehealth versus face-to face interventions for anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Telemed Telecare. Dec 03, 2021:1357633X2110537. [CrossRef]: Items for and Meta-AnalysesRCT: randomized controlled trialEdited by T de Azevedo Cardoso; submitted 14. 06. 23; peer-reviewed by comments to author 19. 07. 23; revised version received 28. 08. 23; accepted 20. 10. 23; published 17. 11. 23. Copyright ©. Originally published in the Journal of Research ( 17. 11. 2023. This is an open-access 4. 0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: The sensor the usage of electrochemical/amperometric enzyme electrodes and transducers, hired the nonor enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) utilising the biochemical reaction, has emerge as the maximum famous and commercially to be had blood glucose tracking technique withinside the marketplace due to its appropriate sensitivity, huge selectivity, suitable reproducibility, and smooth manufacturability at exceptionally low cost, even though it is an invasive technique. Several non-invasive strategies are used to locate and screen the glucose level withinside the blood, which includes Absorbance spectroscopy inclusive of Near and spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectrophotometry, Bio-impedance spectroscopy, Optical coherence tomography, and Thermal emission spectroscopy. to Conclusion 14. (2022) Complications of - A Global Perspective. CRC Press, Taylor & p. 2-3. (2018) Treatment of Diabetes with Lifestyle Changes: Diet. In: (Eds. ). , Diabetes - Epidemiology, Genetics, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment. 500. Reisner E, (2017) Crowley's Disease - Pathology and Pathophysiology Correlations, (10th). , Jones & 598. Vanhorebeek I, Van den (2008) Therapy for the Patient. In: (Eds. ). , Controversies in - Clinical and Research Aspects”, Humana Press, Springer Science+163. Üstuünsoy S (2023) Resistin as a Biomarker and Applications to Prediabetes. In: (Eds. ). , Biomarkers in p. 70-71. R H (2005) Diabetes-related emergencies. In: (Eds. ). , to Medicine. 28. (2022) Review of in Monitoring”. In: -(Eds. ). , and Biosystems for Detection and Management of p. 11-12.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: ConclusionsDeep-seabed mining may be the biggest development in the extractive sector of this century, with strong discussions over its political, economic, and environmental necessity and viability. Reminiscent of the environment in which it is expected to take place, there is much more to know than that which is already known. When assessed as a method of alleviating supply-side issues for cobalt in terms of feasibility, it appears to stand up to scrutiny, though is far from a panacea. With the growing reliance on lithium-ion batteries, of which cobalt is and will likely remain a key component, for use in the energy transition, the question of cobalt’s correspondingly increasing criticality is becoming difficult to ignore. as a jurisdiction and accompanying regulatory framework offer some respite to the tumultuous situation surrounding terrestrial cobalt mining. Currently, 68% of the world’s cobalt is produced in DRC, where rule of law is weak, institutional strength low, and political stability turbulent with cobalt. Refining is also heavily concentrated in PRC, which brings its own unique challenges in relation to governance and political risk, sitting in 100th place overall of 140 countries on the (2021) (DRC is ranked 139/140). There are a multitude of reasons why the criticality of cobalt would be greatly decreased by the introduction of cobalt from PMN deposits into the supply chain. As noted in the “The political argument” and “The economic argument” sections on the political and economic arguments for PMN extraction, respectively, these come about not only due to supply diversification in more general terms, but as a greatly contrasting alternative to the current precarious supply chain dominated by two jurisdictions which are each considered problematic for their own unique reasons. Though there are reasonable concerns over the enforcement capabilities of an intergovernmental body such as the ISA, which derives its legitimacy from the UN, it is comparatively seen as a much more politically stable jurisdiction than DRC. However, there are currently no published exploitation regulations for PMN mining in the Area, leading to concerns as to the industry’s prospects of success. This being said, a degree of regulatory uncertainty will likely dissipate somewhat upon publication of the Regulations, expected by June 2023, after Nauru’s triggering of the two-year rule in June 2021.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: home carehospice careclinical assessmentservice evaluationIntroductionDue to the rapidly evolving Covid-19 pandemic, a strategy to minimise face-to-face (FtF) visits to limit the spread of the virus is essential. Scheduled home visits were reassessed, and telephone proactive support was used where possible. These proactive advice calls were to supplement reactive telephone triage advice line support already available to patients and carers 7 days a week. However, the limitations of telephone assessments meant that frequently FtF home visits were still necessary. As the pandemic progressed, the need for an alternative to further minimise FtF consultations and capable of overcoming the limitations of telephone advice became urgent. ‘Attend Anywhere’ has been developed by for this purpose and was identified as an easily accessible, secure video software designed for use as a consultation host for clinicians. The community palliative care team was trained in the software and now use it to assess patients via any internet-enabled device owned by the patient or relative and capable of hosting ‘Google Chrome’ (Alphabet Incorporated) or ‘“Safari’ (developed by Apple). What is telehealth? The WHO states that ‘Telehealth involves the use of telecommunications and virtual technology to deliver health care outside of traditional health care facilities’. 1 Resources and also include education in their definition: ‘the use of electronic information and telecommunication technologies to support long-distance clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, public health, and health administration. Technologies include video conferencing, the internet, store-and-forward imaging, streaming media, and terrestrial and wireless communications’. 2 The term ‘telehealth’ can encompass many forms of technology, including but not limited to: remote health monitoring; education and training; and telephone and video consultations. However, our rapid review focused specifically on video consultations in palliative care, as this is a high priority during the pandemic. ObjectivesWe undertook a broad literature search to identify all potentially relevant research about video consultations in palliative care. We accepted any comparison (such as usual care or telephone advice), any outcome and any study design including randomised and non-randomised studies. MethodsSupported by an information specialist, we did a literature search to identify studies of any type, in any language, about telemedicine in palliative care.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: 300No. 234522. 4205753. 380No. 244522. 6585733. 284No. 254521. 6705702. 750 10. 7554/eLife. 26117. 064 Significance t-test 2-tailwild-type R1wild-type R2wild-type R3wild-type R4wild-type R5wild-type R6wild-type R1N/A5. 3626 × 10−71. 3033 × 10−43. 6882 × 10−101. 5564 × 10−50. 8282wild-type R25. 3626 × 10−7N/A0. 15310. 03710. 37603. 4906 × 10−7wild-type R31. 3033 × 10−40. 1531N/A0. 00110. 57361. 3187 × 10−4wild-type R43. 6882 × 10−100. 03710. 0011N/A0. 00471. 2193 × 10−10wild-type R51. 5564 × 10−50. 37600. 57360. 0047N/A1. 3479 × 10−5wild-type R60. 82823. 4906 × 10−71. 3187 × 10−41. 2193 × 10−101. 3479 × 10−5N/A 10. 7554/eLife. 26117. 065 Significance t-test 2-tailhdcJK910 R1hdcJK910 R2hdcJK910 R3hdcJK910 R4hdcJK910 R5hdcJK910 R6hdcJK910 R1N/A4. 7387 × 10−100. 22816. 3122 × 10−101. 0125 × 10−100. 2335hdcJK910 R24. 7387 × 10−10N/A7. 9300 × 10−110. 70060. 98972. 0471 × 10−10hdcJK910 R30. 22817. 9300 × 10−11N/A1. 9466 × 10−105. 0272 × 10−120. 9921hdcJK910 R46. 3122 × 10−100. 70061.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: Economic debates surrounding DSM are numerous and expansive, ranging from the technical feasibility of economic extraction to the viability of relying on the long-term economic health of multiple metals. The novelty of the field of PMN mining brings considerable economic uncertainties, resulting in expansive predictions reliant on precarious assumptions. It is expected that substantial capital and operational expenditure will be required, contributing to its characterisation as a high-risk, high-reward endeavour, when compared with terrestrial mining operations. The lack of formal exploitation regulations has undoubtedly stymied investment so far, and whilst there are significant theoretical upsides, the markets have so far deemed the risk-reward profile unpalatable. These economic questions feed into political issues surrounding DSM of PMNs as a solution to cobalt criticality in relation to the USA, with criticality, as a concept, being an amalgamation of economic and political considerations. Though economic vulnerability and supply issues are the problem, it is arguable that the USA is in dire need of a political solution. American firms are not ostensibly permitted to engage in DSM, with the US membership, or lack thereof, of the ISA prohibiting it from acting as a to DSM contractors. There are, of course, workarounds, including foreign-registered subsidiaries and strategic partnerships with allied states, although these solutions each bring political challenges of their own. The growing US rivalry with PRC will lead to further scrutiny of its behaviour, though also heightens the need to decrease US economic reliance on PRC. This includes cobalt supply, for which the USA must find alternatives to PRC-dominated supply chains, in order to avoid being “held hostage to foreign powers for the natural resources critical to [their] national security and economic growth”. Though any substitute to the current supply chain is welcome from a criticality perspective, there are wider considerations that must be taken into account regarding the viability of DSM of PMN deposits as an alternative. There are a plethora of questions which must be answered prior to the initiation of DSM in the Area that encompass a variety of subjects from the environmental impact to the economic and regulatory feasibility. The main opposition to DSM activities regards its potential environmental impacts (the “Environmental barriers to DSM of PMNs” section). As yet, there is simply not enough information to discern the range and severity of detrimental effects that DSM for PMNs will have on the deep-sea environment.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: We searched and Embase on 17 March 2020 (see online supplementary 001. pdf] Inclusion criteriaStudies of any type, other than opinion or editorial 6. What is the level of available evidence for video consultations in delivering palliative care globally? We identified one systematic review that addressed this question. A group in Denmark undertook a systematic review in 2019 using an integrative approach. 6 They defined video consultations as ‘real-time interactions between patients and/or relatives and health care professionals that take place via video, thereby allowing participants to have audio/visual contact’. 7 They identified 39 studies world wide of varying designs: mixed methods (14), qualitative (10), quantitative (10), including one randomised control trial and case studies (5). The review included data from 2345 patients, 549 relatives, 252 healthcare professionals and 1631 video consultations. They represented seven different countries worldwide: USA (21); Australia (7); Canada (4); Netherlands (3); UK (2); Brazil (1); and Japan (1). Thirty studies involved specialist palliative care; 5 both specialist and generalist; and 4 FtF generalist palliative care. Most studies used video consultations to supplement existing palliative care services (27 studies) or compared video consultations to usual care (8 studies), while three reported video consultations as the only palliative care service offered. Studies used different technology for video consultations: videophones (nine studies), computers with an integrated or external webcam (eight studies), tablets (five studies) and videoconference equipment (three studies). All but one used equipment provided by the healthcare team to the patient and/or relative. They identified that video consultations broke down the geographical and physical barriers to palliative care access and enabled other healthcare professionals or family members to be present with the patient during consultations. Both relatives and healthcare professionals reported positive experiences and attitudes towards video consultations. The review identified that diagnosis and age were not barriers to video consultations. Importantly, ‘several studies described how the visual component of video consultations made it possible for health care professionals in general, specialized, and integrated palliative care, to conduct clinical assessments and control the symptoms and condition of home-based patients and relatives.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: 9466 × 10−10N/A0. 68304. 3275 × 10−10hdcJK910 R51. 0125 × 10−100. 98975. 0272 × 10−120. 6830N/A1. 6775 × 10−11hdcJK910 R60. 23352. 0471 × 10−100. 99214. 3275 × 10−101. 6775 × 10−11N/A 10. 7554/eLife. 26117. 066 Significance t-test 2-tailwild-type R1wild-type R2wild-type R3wild-type R4wild-type R5wild-type R6hdcJK910 R10. 00140. 00120. 14341. 0091 × 10−70. 03020. 0015hdcJK910 R21. 8211 × 10−110. 00781. 5520 × 10−40. 69527. 1690 × 10−43. 5405 × 10−12hdcJK910 R35. 1489 × 10−50. 00730. 48181. 8478 × 10−70. 14153. 8432 × 10−5hdcJK910 R41. 7483 × 10−110. 00511. 0904 × 10−40. 50154. 9066 × 10−43. 7421 × 10−12hdcJK910 R59. 2505 × 10−120. 00561. 0272 × 10−40. 67104. 8280 × 10−41. 5313 × 10−12hdcJK910 R65. 6987 × 10−50. 00830. 49032. 8960 × 10−70. 14804. 3539 × 10−5 334. 6, 167. 3, 111. 53, 83. 65, 66. 92, 55. 77, 47. 8, 41. 83, 37. 18 and 33. 46 o/sec. AnimalFlash response time-to-peak (ms)Peaks corresponding to the receptive field centerPeaks corresponding to the light-point No. 22Lag-time b (ms)Adj. R-SqrLag-time b' (ms)Adj. R-SqrCalliphora14. 85 ± 0. 7814. 6 ± 0. 640.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Seabed mining involves extracting valuable minerals from the ocean floor. [SEP] Text: Accessed 6 Sept 2021(2001) Parametrization and evaluation of marine environmental impacts produced by deep-sea manganese nodule mining. 48:3453–3467. Accessed 7 Sept 2021Schnebele EK (2022) Manganese. In: U. S. Geological Survey. Mineral commodity summaries 2022, 1st edn, Reston VA, pp 106–107. M (2018) First deep sea mining production vessel launched in China. gCaptain. Accessed 31 Aug 2021(2021) A mining code for the deep sea. Hakai Magazine. Accessed 31 Aug 2021(2021) Bottom currents. In: (ed) Mass Transport, Gravity Flows, and Bottom Currents. Elsevier, pp 309–37553. Cobalt. In: (eds) Critical mineral resources of the — economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply, 1st edn. U. pp F1–F40ço A et al (2020) Deep-sea misconceptions cause underestimation of seabed-mining impacts. Evol 35:853–857. O (2019) a historical perspective on deep-sea mining for manganese nodules, 1965–2019. Industries and Society 6:842–854. Seabed mineral resources, an alternative for the future of renewable energy: a critical review. Rev 126:103699. Nations (2022) Launch of the alliance of countries for a deep-sea mining moratorium. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. States, of the President [Donald Trump] (2017) 13817: a federal strategy to ensure secure and reliable supplies of critical minerals. 82:60835–60837 2021. state. gov/u-s-position-on-maritime-claims-in-the-south-china-sea/index. html. Accessed 28 Aug 2022U. S. (2019) Interior to support critical minerals strategy through faster permitting, better information, nationwide examination of minerals potential. Communications and Publishing, Release. (2022) 200. den (2020) Identifying supply risks by mapping the cobalt supply chain. Recycl 156:104743–104743.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: For example, … [it] enabled palliative care professionals to notice patients’ physical progress or regression such as weight loss or blushing, as well as their mental state, for example, if they had delirium or anxiety’. 7 They reported that this avoided hospital admissions, influencing place of death. There was uncertainty about whether video consultations could entirely replace FtF visits. This was particularly true of the initial assessment, especially if there were uncontrolled symptoms or additional paperwork. Some studies reported professional reluctance with the concept, concerns about technological challenges and potential barriers with frail patients. Additionally, some worried about or avoided sensitive topics because the use of touch was impossible during video consultations. They also identified the need for administrative support in setting up consultations. Without this, some reported video consultation could become time consuming. Additionally, the presence of multiple healthcare professionals during the consultation could be overwhelming for families. All the 15 different systems had issues with audio, video or internet on occasions. These could be disruptive, although professional training beforehand had a positive effect in mitigating the impact of this. Patient and family familiarity with the device also lessened technological issues. Despite all but one of the included studies providing patients with the technology to access video consultations, three studies in adults noted a cost reduction compared with outpatient appointments or inpatient admission. Patients also reported less outlay in travel, cost and time, with more patients accessing palliative care services than outpatient based hospitals appointments. What is the level of available evidence for remote consultation software in palliative care in the UK? We identified two systematic reviews that addressed this. 8 9 A paper in 2019 reported an update an original 2010 review. Telemedicine has the potential to improve access to palliative care particularly in remote and rural areas, reducing the inequity in specialist palliative care availability currently observed in the UK. 9 They stated: ‘Telehealth may provide a solution to meeting the growing demands of palliative care services across geographical regions with limited resources. Ready access to general and specialist palliative care services for patients with a variety of life-limiting conditions may prove beneficial in reducing the need for emergency services’. 9 The 2019 systematic review identified 30 studies of telehealth interventions in palliative care in the UK. However, none included video consultations for direct patient care.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: Picture of the Week SV-POW! … All sauropod vertebrae, except when we're talking about Open Access. ISSN 3033-3695 Skull audit: Wedel responds February 9, 2022 Left to right: alligator, beaver, black bear, armadillo, cat, ostrich. I know, the archosaurs aren’t mammals, and the alligator isn’t even a skull. But if you can’t have a lounge lizard crash your mammal skull party, what are you even doing with your life? Not pictured: about four rabbit skulls I forgot I had boxed up, plus a couple of turtles (yeah, yeah) sitting on a friend’s desk, in their locked office. It warmed my crooked little heart to see Mike Taylor, noted sauropodologist and disdainer-of-mammal-heads, return mammal skulls to the blog’s front page yesterday. had to support my friend and colleague in this difficult time, when he may be experiencing confusing feelings regarding nasal turbinates, multi-cusped teeth, and the dentary-squamosal jaw joint. My skull collection is split across home and office, but I had to go in to campus this afternoon for a video recording thing, so I got most of the office set, shown above, on that jaunt. After the workday ended, I had just enough time before the light faded to assemble and photograph the home collection: Back row: peccary, pig, deer, sheep, dog. Middle row: opossum, rabbit. Front row: opossum, marten (both hemisected). Not pictured: emergency backup sheep, moar rabbits I’ve blogged about the bear, the pig, and the hemisected skulls, but I think that’s it. I should do more skull blogging, most of these have a story: I prepped the armadillo, cat, rabbit, and sheep skulls myself (besides the bear and pig). The first two I found in the woods, the mostly-decomposed rabbit was a gift from my father-in-law, and the sheep head I obtained from the market down the street ($10, and I ate the meat). The alligator head and deer skull were gifts, from Vicki and from my brother Ryan, respectively.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Smart contact lenses can monitor glucose levels for diabetes management. [SEP] Text: As well as providing continuous monitoring of a patient’s condition, another major benefit of Chi Hwan’s wearable devices is their ability to record a patient’s biosignals while they are at home and then to automatically send a report to their doctor. “This means patients do not need to frequently travel to a clinic, which is particularly helpful for those living in rural areas or with limited mobility,” explains. ? “The human skin and eye are soft, curvilinear and sensitive to pain,” explains Chi Hwan. “Therefore, wearable biomedical devices must have mechanical softness, flexibility, stretchability and breathability, without side effects such as discomfort, pain or tissue damage. ” A major challenge for designing smart contact lenses is that the fabrication of wireless sensors typically requires high temperatures and corrosive chemicals, which is why electronic circuits are normally built on hard materials. However, these rigid materials are unsuitable for use in the human eye, so and his team had to develop novel techniques for creating soft and stretchable sensors that could be placed on various commercial brands of soft contact lenses. They developed a ‘peeling technique’, whereby the electronic components are constructed on conventional fabrication substrates that can withstand high temperatures and corrosive chemicals but can then be thinly peeled off and transferred elsewhere. This means the sensors can exist on flexible, stretchable, transparent or biodegradable substrates, including soft contact lenses. ? Chi Hwan’s team has developed a soft, ultrathin, wireless sensor to measure ocular pressure, which can be attached to commercial soft contact lenses. “This allows continuous 24-hour monitoring of ocular pressure for glaucoma patients, even during sleep,” he explains. As well as monitoring eye conditions, smart contact lenses can also treat them, by injecting drugs directly into the eye. “Ocular drug delivery remains a grand challenge due to the complex structure of the eye,” says Chi Hwan. Download the 10. 33424/303 Link to the activity sheet Download the Share 0 +1 Pinterest 0 LinkedIn 0 participant wearing a smart soft contact lens during the continuous monitoring of ocular pressure © : 10. 1038/s41467-022-33254-4 A tear-soluble contact lens with silicon nanoneedles for painless and long-term sustained drug delivery © : 10.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Models identified included electronic patient records, telephone advice consultations and telehealth monitoring (eg, oxygen saturations, respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate and weight). 9 Discussionexperience suggests we cannot entirely avoid FtF visits during the pandemic but minimise this to reduce exposure for ourselves and our vulnerable patients. When home FtF visits are unavoidable, we should:‘Discuss and share with colleagues the cases of families at home to make better decisions about care and share the weight of these decisions. Visit the home with appropriate PPE’. 10 Despite the positive response from patients and relatives when video consultations are done as an alternative to FtF, there is reluctance by some professionals to accept them as an adequate mode of service delivery. In normal clinical practice, this might lead to a paced introduction and testing of new work methods; however, this is unlikely to be feasible during a pandemic. Supporting staff during this transition will be critical to reduce the stress inherent in such a rapid practice change. The 2020. Available: [Accessed 23 Mar 2020]. ↵HRSA. Telehealth programs. Available: [Accessed 23 Mar 2020]. ↵CEBM. Levels of evidence, 2009. Available: [Accessed 26 Mar 2020]. ↵WHO, 2018. Available: [Accessed 21 Mar 2020]. ↵WHO. WHO guideline recommendationson digital interventionsfor health system strengthening, 2019. Available: [Accessed 21 Mar 2020]. ↵GOV. Coronavirus (COVID-19): what you need to do, 2019. Available: [Accessed 21 Mar 2020]. ↵. Video consultations in palliative care: a systematic integrative review. 2019;33:942–58. doi:10. 1177/0269216319854938 pmid: OpenUrlPubMed↵. Telehealth in palliative care in the UK: a review of the evidence. J 2010;16:394–402. doi:10. 1258/jtt. 2010. 091108 pmid: of Science↵. Telehealth in palliative care is being described but not evaluated: a systematic review. BMC 2019;18:114. doi:10. 1186/s12904-019-0495-5 pmid: OpenUrlPubMed↵.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: The rest I purchased here and there over the years, usually when they were on deep discount. The peccary is a memento of a trip to back in 2007 (I bought it at a taxidermy shop a long way outside the national park), and the dog came from the seconds bin at the Museum of Osteology — I plan to saw off the top of the braincase to see the cranial nerve exits, just as in the preparation by shown in this post. I have more heads awaiting skull-ization in various freezers, too. Couple more pig heads at work, and at the house a strategic reserve sheep head, plus skunk, squirrel, and rat. Plus a partially-mummified but mostly defleshed armadillo whose saga deserves a detailed recounting: NB: the stray bits toward the bottom of the image are from a cat. Mr. Armadillo’s limb bones and vertebrae are still in the armadillo kit. In the first comment on Mike’s post yesterday, I expressed envy that he had the better skull collection. After pulling together all my critters, I think I just have a worse memory. In my defense, it’s been almost two years since I was in the office regularly, and about half the skulls in the home collection are recent-ish acquistions (~last three years), so a lot of stuff had either fallen out of memory or not gotten properly established yet. has definitely prepped more — and more exotic — skeletons, and it was his enthusiastic collecting and blogging of dead animal bits that inspired me to start my recent-ish spate of skull preparations. More to come on that front as time and opportunity allow, probably starting with this: Share this:FacebookRedditTwitterLike Loading. . . by Filed in anatomical preparations, cat, deer, marten, opossum, ostrich, pig, sheep, stinkin' crocs, stinkin' heads, stinkin' mammals, wascally wabbits 5 Comments » 5 Responses to “Skull audit: Wedel responds” Says: February 9, 2022 at 11:27 am Ah, what do you do when you have a whole collection of skulls buried – somewhere…? Why, skullduggery! Says: February 9, 2022 at 11:43 am That armadillo is so much weirder than I’d realised!

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Smart lenses could provide real-time health data without invasive procedures. [SEP] Text: Case study: real-time miscarriage predictionMiscarriage represents one of the most outcome that hurt family’s lives, especially the pregnant women [29]. In fact, during the pregnancy, the woman must do regular consultations to see how her baby is growing and how healthy he is. In some cases, the pregnant woman is scandalize by the death of his baby, and in some cases, she could save his life by reacting in advance. So here, we notice that saving lives depends on having the accurate information in a specific moment. That pushed us to use the previous system for a miscarriage prediction on real-time. To be able to use the proposed model for miscarriage prediction, pregnant women are equipped by several healthcare sensors to collect real-time health data. Additional data are gathered from mobile phone through the mobile application that we created. All those data; in JSON format; are then sent to a database server to be recovered by the Platform on real-time. Data collected is trained, transformed and then covered by the predictive model to get results of miscarriage. Not to mention that before sending results, the predictive model must be evaluated using accurate evaluation method of clustering. Miscarriage outcome remains a critical information. Thus, we choose to send results of miscarriage (M, PM or NM) to the doctor that will ask for an urgent consultation in some critical cases to save the baby’s life, as well as the life of the mother. While, pregnant women will receive recommendations based on her real behavior during her pregnancy. Recommendations are related to her well-being, food quality, activity …Reality mining for gathering dataReality mining and are powerful ways that help researchers and developers understand human’s individual behaviors. Thanks to the advancement of technologies and tools, we can now collect data that were impossible to gather earlier. In fact, from sensors and mobile phones, we can attend a huge amount of data every second about a person. Thus, our system takes benefit from those tools to collect all possible information about pregnant women. We can distinguish multiple source of data (see Fig. 2): Data from healthcare sensors. Data from mobile phone sensors. Data from the patient’s profile. Fig.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Telehealth services can replace all in-person medical consultations. [SEP] Text: Considerations for effective and person-centred virtual consultations Nine practical tips and advice for pharmacists offering virtual consultations to patients. Consultation and communication skills 15 March 2022 Poovamnilkunnathil, Shereen Nabhani-Gebara & Melanie DalbyCopy link to page Download PDF Mclean/ShutterstockAfter reading this 1. Consider the benefits and risks of virtual consultationsVirtual consultations have many benefits when used across both primary and secondary care[5]. These benefits include:Avoiding or reducing unnecessary referrals;Reducing the need for patients to attend hospital, providing care closer to home;Improved patient experience and satisfaction (e. g. saving time and expense);Integrating primary and secondary care services, and increasing the use of a combined community service;Saving time by ensuring appropriate patients are seen either remotely or face-to-face;Meeting the demands of an increasing population;Reducing the environmental impact and number of journeys related to outpatient appointments in hospitals. It should be noted that the evidence base for this change of practice is in its infancy and, although there have been no reports concerning the quality or safety of patient care to date, potential risks should be considered. These include poor patient management and missed or delayed diagnosis. Pharmacists should report near-misses or incidents through their organisation’s usual channels, but may also find resources, such as the near-miss error log and near-miss improvement tools provided by the Society[6]. As part of clinical governance requirements, pharmacy contractors need to report all patient safety incidents to the NHS[6]. One way to do this is via the Events (LFPSE) website. Some pharmacies may report incidents via their head office or superintendent pharmacist, who should report these in local risk management systems, as well as the LFPSE service[6]. 2. Determine patient suitability and potential barriersThe choice of either a face-to-face or virtual consultation should be flexible and driven by the patient — for example, the patient may want a face-to-face appointment but may be happy with a virtual follow up. Table 1 outlines some important considerations when deciding between virtual and face-to-face consultations.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Every individual responds the same way to environmental stimuli. [SEP] Text: Beavers are also pretty exotic round here, but I guess not super common in California either. Needless to say, the bear is the big trophy here. Amazing that you got hold of that. I am properly envious. “strategic reserve” is better than “emergency backup”. I guess you should TNF some of those skulls. Says: February 9, 2022 at 5:27 pm That armadillo is so much weirder than I’d realised! I’ll do a whole follow-up post on it for you. And since I’ve got another one waiting with the mummified armadillo kit, there’s no reason you can’t have my frontline armadillo skull in exchange for your emergency backup badger. Beavers are also pretty exotic round here, but I guess not super common in California either. That definitely came from an osteology supply place. Needless to say, the bear is the big trophy here. Amazing that you got hold of that. I am properly envious. It’s definitely the pride of my collection. “strategic reserve” is better than “emergency backup”. Strategic reserve comes after emergency backup. Not sure what comes after that. I guess you should TNF some of those skulls. I should TNF all of them. get time. [Laughs, then cries. ] Says: February 9, 2022 at 10:52 pm Armadillo-skull post will be good to see. Would also be a good opportunity for you to practice your TNFing skills. The good news is, provided the initial photos are taken against a good solid background, they’re easy enough to do. And the process is pleasantly relaxing. (I guess I should do a tutorial. ) Says: February 16, 2022 at 3:01 am The hemisected opossum and marten contrast interestingly: the marten is much brainier. (Over all, the marten skull is only about 3/4 as long as the opossum skull, but the space for the brain is about 50% longer. ) … Many years ago, I saw (at the in Chicago) side-by-side skeletons of a marten (I think: it may have been some other mustelid) and some species of what used to be called Cats (now quolls).

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Smart lenses could provide real-time health data without invasive procedures. [SEP] Text: 2Reality mining for collecting real-time healthcare data in the proposed systemFull size imageAll the above data; that contains risk factors related to disease prediction; are filled in JSON files every minute to be then sent to a server to be analyzed and processed. We used to store Files in clusters [30]. IoT implementation for healthcare dataSensors are the source of data of IoT and become so advanced that can collect as much data you want. In healthcare system, having accurate information is crucial and influential because we deal with life and death of the person. In our case, we used multiple healthcare sensors: temperature sensor, pulse sensor, acceleration sensor and alcohol/drunk sensor (see Table 2). Table 2 List of Healthcare sensorsFull size tableTo manage and collect data from sensors, multiple IoT tools exist such as: [31]: a small electronic board equipped with a microcontroller and an open source platform for gathering data. 3 [32]: a single-board computer for programming and processing. In this study, we just implement raspberry pi for collecting and processing data. Before we opt to use for collecting data and Raspberry pi for processing; but we notice that we consume much time, while we have to reduce the time response instead. Lastly, we transfer all data collected to the mobile phone application “e-preg monitoring” as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3IoT implementation for gathering healthcare sensor dataFull size imagePredictive modelPrediction processTo build our predictive model, we used Data management tool based on Spark [33, 34]. The choice of working with Spark instead of other EcoSystems such as Hadoop is due to the need of processing streaming data. Using Hadoop, we can only do batch processing which not reply to our demand since we need results in real-time to save lives [35]. For creating the model and use K-means clustering algorithm to group our data, we used Library of Spark (MLlib) [36] by following the below four steps: 1. Collect and store data: Data are collected from different sources: healthcare sensors, mobile phone and patient’s profile. Data collected is then stored in database server on real-time in JSON files. 2. Extract data from database: platform, we extract data from Couchbase server using a listener that order to do extraction when new data arrived. 3. Make transformation a.

Output: corroborate