Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: The fatiguing events inquired after in this study were: physical, such as a significant increase in training load or the participation in a multi-event competition; environmental, here athletes were questioned if they had changed time zones and undertaken long haul travel along with any consistent (greater than two nights) disturbance of sleep; and finally questioning related to cognitive stress (load) which included issues related to relationship issues, performance issues (identified by coach or perceived by player) and abnormally high performance anxiety. Saw et al. [13] found in their systematic review that athlete reported subjective information was highly sensitive to changes in athlete workload and physiological and psychological stress, so it is likely that these findings have some validity in demonstrating the athletes loading environment. Increases in acute training loads have been reported to significantly impact on the rate of injury [14]. This study has indicated that not on physical but cognitive loads should possibly be accounted for when assessing acute loading stress on the athlete. Table 4: Factors creating fatigue in seven days prior to ACL injury. Factor creating fatigue Number of athletes (n= 14) Long haul flight in preceding 7 days 18% (3 out of 17) Participation in multiple competition matches in preceding 7 days 77% (13 out of 17) Disturbed sleep (greater than 2 nights) in preceding 7 days 65% (11 out of 17) Significant increase in acute training load in preceding 7 days 77% (13 out of 17) Performance anxiety 29% (5 out of 17) Performance issues 35% (6 out of 17) Relationship issues 12% (2 out of 17) Note athletes have reported more than one factor occurring simultaneously The relationship of fatigue to ACL injury is a speculative one; it is based on the hypothesis that fatigue will impair the athlete’s ability to move optimally, and therefore be more likely to adopt movement strategies associated with the increase the risk of injury [9,15]. There are a number of studies which have shown fatigue to create suboptimal movement patterns which have been associated with ACL injury [9,15]. There is some supporting evidence of how fatigue may increase the risk of injury. Studies have shown that muscle fatigue reduces the neuromuscular systems adaptability to external perturbations [16], so the athlete may be less able to react to altered loading when landing or changing direction during a game.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: The average D2B time at our study population was less than 30 minutes (mean 23. 1 ± 6. 6 minutes). Patients with RVMI had significantly lower TAPSE (1. 39 ± 0. 21 cm vs 2. 35 ± 0. 46 cm, P<0. 001) and RVFAC (28. 15 ± 5. 87 vs 44. 79 ± 10. 77 p<0,001) and significantly higher RVDD (4. 17 cm ± 0. 41 vs 3. 06 ± 0. 45, p< 0. 001). No difference was observed in LVEF between the patients with and without RVMI (45. 38 ± 5. 19 % vs 44. 16 ± 6. 20 %, P> 0. 05) (Table 2). No mortality or major complication was observed during the intensive coronary care unit (ICCU) and hospital stay. A minor complication was observed in one patient with RVMI, this was not statistically significant (p > 0. 05). Atrial fibrillation was detected in one patient in IMI group and this was not statistically significant too (P> 0. 05) (Table 3). Table 1: Characteristics. DM: Diabetes Mellitus, HT: Hypertension, IMI: Inferior myocardial infarction, RVMI: Right ventricular myocardial infarction SD: Standard deviation, TIMI: Thrombolysis in Table 2: Comparison of Echocardiographic Findings. IMI: Inferior myocardial infarction, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, RVFAC: Right ventricular fractional area change, RVMI: Right ventricular myocardial infarction, TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion Table 3: Comparison of Major and : Inferior myocardial infarction, PM: : Right ventricular myocardial infarction *Inotropic treatment requirement symptomatic hypotension. Length of stay in ICCU was slightly higher in RVMI group but it was not statistically significant (p>0. 05) (Table 4). There was no statistically significant difference between two groups with respect to peak CK-MB levels (p> 0. 05).

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: To increase the gameplay time, we used a scoring system along with a score multiplier. This encouraged more advanced players to play faster while still receiving a challenge. The atmosphere of the scenario was light-hearted with playful background music and gnomes making high pitched sounds to increase children's interest and as a result to positively impact training tolerance and time. The task was repeatedly performed for 15 minutes. Fig. 1a VR-Archery: to the left, the arrow is in line with the bowstring to attach it. To the right, the arrow is released, and the target is fired. b VR-Climbing: to the left, the user is climbing via a VR-Climbing Wall. To the right via a VR ropeFull size imageVR-Climbing. An animated fairy appeared at the beginning of this scenario to indicate to the user where they needed to climb. Once the fairy scene was concluded the user was transported to the base of the tower. The tower wall consisted of 125 climbable bricks and 15 ropes. The user was instructed to climb up to the top of the tower while performing overhead arm raise exercises (see Fig. 1b). To encourage the participants to follow the correct path that would maximise overhead exercise, the bricks were slightly highlighted with glowing, light-emitting algae. The user had to raise each arm alternately over the head keeping the elbows slightly bent. Once the brick was grabbed, the user had to lower the arm to climb up. In case the user failed to grab the brick, s/he would fall off the climbing wall. To prevent discouragement, checkpoints were developed in different levels for the user to land on, if they fell. As the path the user had to take was not pre-determined, the user needed to decide which path to take. Once a dummy version of a VR children's rehabilitation system was created, the designer met the clinicians again to demonstrate the VR system. The clinicians suggested natural green environments for the archery and a reward-based scene for the successful completion of the climbing exercise, along with a scoreboard, cheering and applause sounds. A firework display was used to reward the climber on completion. Following these consultations, a second version of the VR was developed and presented to clinicians. The final suggestions were to replace the fireworks in the climbing task with a calming night view since some of the patients could have burn injuries caused by fireworks.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: The neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue created by consecutive days of tournament play can create impairments in sprinting and jumping ability, and biochemical markers of muscle damage and reduced mood states [17], all of which may reduce the athlete’s ability to move and land optimally. Similarly, in relation to more cognitive factors, mental fatigue has been shown to impair intermittent running performance [18], with depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness positively associated with musculoskeletal injury [19]. Furthermore, sleep disturbance was found to be significantly related to work related injuries by Uehli et al. [20]. Thirteen out of the 17 (77%) had had an injury which disrupted and restricted training in the 12 weeks prior to rupturing the ACL (Table 3). A consistent finding within the literature is that history of previous injury appears to predict future injury [21]. Furthermore, prior injury to the hamstring muscles [7] or patellofemoral joint [8] have both been speculated to predispose the individual to ACL injury. This relationship may be related to lost training time reducing the capacity to perform at high intensity for prolonged periods, the lack of fatigue resistance leading to a greater propensity to develop abnormal and potentially injurious movement patterns [15]. Interestingly, the most common injury sustained in this group was a lateral ligament injury of the ankle (8 of the 13) (Table 3), there might be a number of reasons why this type of injury could predispose the athlete to an ACL injury. Bullock-Saxton [22] reported significant decreases in gluteal muscle EMG activity following ankle ligament injury, gluteal muscle activity would appear critical in controlling the valgus collapse of the knee [23] which has been linked to ACL injury [1]. Evidence exists that postural control and balance are altered after ankle ligament injury [24] this again could lead to abnormal and potential injurious movement patterns. A final potential reason why ankle ligament injury could create movement patterns which could predispose the athlete to ACL injury is the typical way these injuries are managed. First line treatment for ankle ligament injuries is often to use tape to restrict movement to protect the damaged ligaments [25]. Limitation of ankle dorsi-flexion range of movement has been shown to be linked to increased knee valgus during a variety of functional tasks [26] which could predispose the individual to ACL injury.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: When correlation analysis was performed between peak CK-MB values and length of hospital stay, no significant correlation was found between the length of ICCU hospital stay and peak CK-MB values in patients with IMI (p> 0. 05). However, a significant positive correlation was found between the peak CK-MB values and both length of ICCU and hospital stay in patients with RVMI. (Hospital stay r: 0. 668, p<0. 001; ICCU stay r: 0. 803, p<0. 001). After an average of 10 months follow up of patients, no new infarction or mortality was observed in both groups. Table 4: Comparison of the length of stay in hospital and coronary care unit. study showed that IMI complicated with RVMI did not increase mortality and morbidity when early and successful reperfusion was performed. Recently many clinical trials showed that, rapid administration of intravenous thrombolytic therapy and increasing use of primary angioplasty reduce mortality and contribute to the shorter hospital stays [9,10]. Although the benefits of these treatments have been demonstrated, over 25% of patients presenting within the first 12 h of symptom onset with ST segment elevation or left bundle branch block fail to receive a reperfusion intervention. It is clear that outcomes for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients are optimized when D2B times are less than 90 minutes [11,12]. Multiple studies also demonstrated that mortality rates improve by achieving decreased D2B times [13]. A review of a large cardiovascular registry (10,965 patients) found that the median D2B time was 96 minutes and only 44% of the patients were meeting the <90-minute national benchmark goal [14]. Cannon et al. showed that mortality increased by 41% for STEMI patients with D2B times over 120 minutes [10]. In our study, the mean D2B time was less than half an hour. Furthermore, the median time from onset of chest pain to hospital arrival was less than 2. 6 hours and the median time from onset of chest pain to PPCI was less than 3 hours. The low rate of mortality and morbidity in our study can be explained by early reperfusion therapy. The risk of major complications and in-hospital death is about 31% in IMI patients with RVMI compared to about 5% in IMI without RVMI [2].

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: Following these amendments, five healthy children evaluated the VR rehabilitation system (study 1). 2. 5. 1 Study 1: pre-clinical testingThe results revealed positive attitudes towards the two rehabilitation scenarios. Even though children thought that the tasks were physically difficult to perform (VR-Archery: M = 7. 2, SD = 1. 35 and VR-Climbing: M = 5. 8, SD = 1. 92), most had high rates of enjoyment (VR-Archery: M = 7. 0, SD = 2. 35 and VR-Climbing: M = 9. 4, SD = 0. 55). VR-Archery and VR-Climbing were also found to alter the user’s time perception. Specifically, each participant spent 15 minutes in the VR environment but perceived the task duration to be significantly shorter than the real-time. For the VR-Archery, this was validated by a t test which compared the actual time spent in the VR and the time perceived by the user. The results revealed a significant difference of between the actual time spent in the VR and the time perceived by the user (M = 11. 00 minutes, SD = 2. 24); t(3) = 3. 65, p = 0. 035. The results were even greater during the VR-Climbing experience (M = 8. 75, SD = 4. 79) were users believed that they spend 50% less time than they did t(4) = 11. 00, p =. 000. 2. 5. 2 Design implication from study 1: pre-clinical testing. Some minor usability issues were observed and reported, yet attitudes were positive, and users perceived low difficulty. VR-Archery issues were related to the correct archery moves. The initial design of the archery mechanics aimed to make it as realistic as possible, which required the user to line up the arrow to their eye height to determine the arrow trajectory. However, this technique required some prior experience of archery and therefore proved difficult for younger children. Only one user managed to perform the exercise correctly and mentioned during the administration of the questionnaire that they previously had archery lessons. Alterations were made to include a non-obtrusive targeting system that would indicate the arrow trajectory to make aiming easier. To balance the difficulty, the arrow had two firing states.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: This retrospective analysis of a series of ACL injury cases highlighted a number of potentially modifiable factors which were present with relatively high frequency across this group of cases. The athletes within this group all had a non-contact ACL injury occurring during cutting or landing, which suggests a predisposing deficit in neuromuscular control. This poor neuromuscular control could be exacerbated by the presence of fatigue identified within the cohort. The poor control could be further influenced by previous injury either decreasing work capacity and fatigue resistance or changing movement pattern because of the method of injury management undertaken. The findings of this study might have an impact on those working to prevent ACL injury, especially in elite sport. It would appear that risk could be heightened if the non-modifiable factors such as hypermobility and family history occur in an athlete who also has poor neuromuscular control; this has already been identified to a degree in the literature [5]. This study has added to this combination of factors, identifying that likelihood of injury could possibly be increased further if the athlete has an injury which restricts training in the period prior to the ACL injury, with ankle ligament injury seeming to be significant amongst these. The presence of another injury might disrupt training, decreasing the athletes work capacity and fatigue resistance, if the athlete then has perceived or an actual elevated level of fatigue, this may compound the situation further, with the greater the levels of fatigue the greater the potential for abhorrent movement patterns and injury risk. When returning an athlete following an injury which has disrupted training, consideration should be given not only to them being asymptomatic and being able to pass appropriate fitness tests, but also that they have recovered their chronic training capacity, so they are able to cope with acute increases in load better [14]. The study lacks a control group to compare the factors found in the injured group too; this could be regarded as a potential weakness in the study. What must be taken into account here is that these athletes were all national-international athletes participating in very structured training and competitive programme; so many elements are common to all participating athletes. It is likely that what is being seen in the athletes who get injured is a multiplier effect were a number of factors interact. The assessment and understanding of how these interactions create injury is beyond the scope of this case series and certainly requires further prospective study.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: The analysis of the SHOCK registry data showed that the patients with predominant RV shock have a high mortality rate despite the younger age, lower rate of anterior MI, and higher prevalence of single-vessel coronary disease. Early reperfusion (PPCI or fibrinolytic therapy) can preserve both right and left ventricular function and also reduce morbidity and mortality [15-17]. Schuler et al. indicated that in most patients with proximal occlusion of the RCA, early reperfusion with thrombolytic therapy contributes to improvement of initially depressed RV function; often, recovery of RV myocardial function is not associated with the changes in LVEF. In contrast, in patients with persistent occlusion, irreversible cardiogenic shock and early death may occur due to RV infarction, despite adequate LV performance [16]. Bowers et al. demonstrated that, complete reperfusion of the RCA by PPCI, results in the dramatic recovery of RV function and an excellent clinical outcome, in patients with RVMI. In contrast, unsuccessful or late reperfusion results in impaired recovery of RV function, persistent hemodynamic compromise, and a high mortality rate [15]. Our study population consisted of patients who underwent early and successful reperfusion treatment. And our results showed that there is no increase in the rate of major complications and in-hospital death in patients with IMI complicated with RVMI compared to IMI without RVMI, when early successful reperfusion therapy was performed. Right-sided ST-segment elevation, particularly in lead V4R, indicates acute RV injury and correlates closely with the proximal RCA occlusion [18,19]. In one report of 200 consecutive patients with acute IMI, the sensitivity and specificity of ST-segment elevation in V4R was shown as 88 % and 78 % (respectively) for concurrent RVMI, by using findings from the results of autopsy, cardiac catheterization, radionuclide imaging, or hemodynamic monitoring as the “gold standard” [2]. Zehender et al. demonstrated that the presence of ST-segment elevation in lead V4R predicts development of major complications and in-hospital mortality strongly and independently [2]. The presence of ST-segment elevation in lead V4R was one of the inclusion criteria for RVMI group in our study.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: Interview data were anonymized, and participants referred to as or Number or Number. were reported as well. 3. 2 system was found to be easy to use by all the children (10/10). Specifically, all the children with ULMI claimed that they would like to use the VR rehabilitation system to perform their rehabilitation sessions. The effectiveness of VR for ULMI rehabilitation was further corroborated by the reported low levels of pain (M = 2. 85, SD = 0. 29). Children with ULMI are generally dealing with painful rehabilitation. Specifically, participants claimed to have significantly higher rates of pain during conventional rehabilitation (M = 9. 50, SD = 1. 58) in comparison to the VR rehabilitation. The above statement was validated via a t test which compared perceived pain during the VR against the perceived pain of conventional rehabilitation. The results revealed a significant difference in VR rehabilitation and conventional rehabilitation (t(9) = 3. 94, p = 0. 003). It was also found that both VR rehabilitation games were effective in relation the difficulty levels of the required movements. In particular, the rates provided for the VR-Archery (M = 3. 20, SD = 2. 74) and the VR-Climbing (M = 3. 00, SD = 2. 58) were relatively low. Interestingly, it was found that the VR-Climbing game which was reported to be slightly more challenging was also reported to be less difficult concerning the required exercise movements. Figure 2 depicts a patient suffering from multiple-exostosis performing a VR-Archery game. An additional t test analysis compared the levels of difficulty children with ULMI reported for the VR session (M = 3. 00, SD = 2. 58) compared to the conventional rehabilitation (M = 7. 40, SD = 2. 72). The results reported a significant difference in VR rehabilitation and conventional rehabilitation (t(9) = 3. 67, p =. 005). Fig. 2Multiple-exostosis patient using VR-Archery. The screenshot was taken from the BBC broadcasting of our studyFull size imageThe above findings were further corroborated by the high ratings given by the children with ULMI to each VR game (VR-Archery and VR-Climbing). In particular, the results indicated that all patients found the VR-Archery game easy to use, with clear and direct movements (M = 0. 0, SD = 0.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: What is apparent from this case series is ACL injury is unlikely to be related to a single factor, but a critical tipping factor might be loss of chronic training capacity or a perceived or actual increase in acute physical load [14]. This case series has shown that a number of previously reported factors potentially interact to create ACL injury. The risk might be elevated if the athlete lacks chronic training capacity, in these cases through either injury in the period prior to the ACL injury and then an increased acute load [14]. Those working with female elite athletes should consider the level of chronic load the tissues and athlete has been exposed in comparison to the acute load requirements of return to competition, attempting to minimise the mis-match to minimise injury risk. In a similar vein, those working with these athletes should attempt to minimise large increases in acute load real or perceived to also reduce the risk of injury. 224. Ref. : Early osteoarthritis is evident one year following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arth Rheumatol. 2015; 67: 946-955. Ref. :. Incidence of second ACL injuries 2 years after primary ACL reconstruction and return to sport. Sports Med. 2014; 42: 1567-1573. Ref. : Anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention programs. J Surg. 2013; 95: 661-665. Ref. : Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury: a review of the literature – part 1:neuromuscular and anatomic risk. Sports Health. 2012; 4: 69-78. Ref. : Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury: a review of the literature – part 2: hormonal, genetic, cognitive function, previous injury and extrinsic risk factors. Sports Health. 2012; 4: 155-161. Ref. : Is there a potential relationship between prior hamstring strain injury and increased risk for future anterior cruciate ligament injury. Med Rehab. 2014; 95: 401-405. Ref. : High knee abduction moment are common risk factors for patellofemoral pain (PFP) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in girls: is PFP itself a predictor for subsequent ACL injury? Sports Med. 2015; 49: 118-122. Ref. : Lower extremity landing biomechanics in both sexes after a functional exercise protocol. J Athl Train.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: We showed that ST- segment elevation in lead V4R was not an independent predictor of major complications and in-hospital mortality after early successful reperfusion treatment. Anavekar et al. and Zornoff et al. showed that RV function was weakly correlated with LV function and demonstrated that RV function quantified with RVFAC was independently associated with an increased risk of mortality and heart failure [20,21]. Antoni at al. showed that RVFAC and RV strain were independent predictors of the occurrence of the composite end points (all-cause mortality, reinfarction, and hospitalization for HF) [1]. Samad et al. showed that TAPSE predicted mortality independently, after adjustment for LVEF and age [22]. We found that RVFAC and TAPSE values were significantly lower and RV diameter was significantly higher in RVMI group. However, we showed that they were not predictors of mortality and morbidity when early and successful reperfusion performed. Gonzales et al. demonstrated that STEMI patients with TIMI risk classification 0-1, 2-3, and ≥4 has in-hospital mortality of 7%, 13% and 26%, respectively [23]. In our study, the mean TIMI risk score of the patients was 2. 83 ± 1. 0. However, after early reperfusion treatment there was no mortality in our study. We showed that clinical outcomes could be changed by early reperfusion therapy in patients with RVMI. We found a significant correlation between peak CK-MB level and length of ICCU/ hospital stay in RVMI patients. In fact, there was no statistically significant difference with respect to peak CK-MB level between patients with and without RVMI. Furthermore, the peak CK-MB level was not associated with the development of complications and the length of hospital stay in patients without RVMI. However, the length of hospital stay was prolonged in patients complicated with RVMI who have higher peak CK-MB levels. This was substantially related to increased length of ICCU stay. Increased length of ICCU stay was probably due to the clinician’s concern about RVMI-related complications. Our study showed that the increase of peak CK-MB level was not associated with the development of complications when early and successful reperfusion was performed. main limitation of our study was the small number of patients.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: 0), whereas the VR-Climbing was to some minor extent less usable (M = 0. 7, SD = 0. 48). The results revealed positive attitudes towards the VR-Archery game, with high reported rates of enjoyment (M = 9. 00, SD = 0. 94) and low reported levels of difficulty in usability (M = 4. 15, SD = 2. 03). Similar results were also given for the VR-Climbing game, with slightly higher rates of enjoyment (M = 9. 65, SD = 0. 67) and difficulty (M = 5. 05, SD = 2. 14). Comparing the results, we can conclude that both VR rehabilitation games were perceived positively given the high ratings of enjoyment. However, the VR-Climbing game was slightly more challenging, and it was perceived by the patients as a little more enjoyable. 3. 3 GoniometerChildren's perceptions of the ease of their movement within the games were supported by data collected using a goniometer device. The device indicated significant differences in a range of movements: upper limb flexion, upper limb extension, upper limb abduction, upper limb adduction, after the VR. As presented in Table 1, the results suggest that VR rehabilitation can aid significant improvements in motion for children with ULMI. Table 1 Goniometer data, t test results comparing the effectiveness of the upper limb VR pre and post ***p <. 001; **p <. 01; * <. 05Full size table3. 4 InterviewsWhen assessing the potential of VR within children’s hospitals, it is essential to understand the unique aspects, advantages and limitations of the virtual experience, which make the VR technology viable and valuable. Data from all participants, including children with ULMI, their family members and clinical staff provided qualitative detail regarding “Attitudes towards the VR rehabilitation”, “Difficulty and pain levels”, “System Usability/Acceptability” and “Future VR deployment” (Fig. 3). Fig. 3Patients (children with Motor Impairments), ThemesFull size image3. 4. 1 Attitudes towards the VR rehabilitationCompared to the conventional therapeutic session, feedback from all children with ULMI (10/10) suggested that VR therapy was much more enjoyable than conventional therapy. This was further supported by most family members (8/10) and all the clinical staff (2/2).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: 2015; 50: 914-920. Ref. : A multisport epidemiologic comparison of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in high school athletics. J Athl Train. 2013; 48: 810-817. Ref. : Are severe musculoskeletal injuries associated with symptoms of common mental disorders among European professional footballers? Arthros. 2015; 24: 3934-3942. Ref. : Return to sport: Does excellent 6 month strength and function following ACL reconstruction predict midterm outcomes. Arthros. 2015; [Epub ahead of print]. Ref. : Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump objective measures: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2015; 50: 281-291. Ref. : The acute:chronic workload ratio predicts injury: high chronic workload may decrease injury risk in elite rugby league players. Sports Med. 2016; 50: 231-236. Ref. : Herrington L. Effect of hip abductor muscle fatigue on knee valgus angle during a unilateral step landing task. Train. 2013; 19: 38-43. . Fatigue reduces the complexity of knee extensor torque fluctuations during maximal and submaximal intermittent isometric contractions. J Physiol. 2015; in press DOI: 10. 1113/jphysiol. 2014. 284380. Ref. :. of Matchplay: Performance, Physical, and in. 2015; 10: 913-920. Ref. : Mental fatigue impairs intermittent running performance. Sport Exs. 2015; 47: 1682-1690. Ref. : A cross sectional exploration of excessive daytime sleepiness, depression and musculoskeletal pain among migrate farmworkers. J Agromed. 2012; 1: 70-80. Ref. : E, et al. Sleep problems and work injury types: a study of 180 patients in a Swiss emergency department. Week. 2013; 143: w13902. Ref. :. Association between the functional movement screen and injury development in college athletes. Ther. 2015; 10: 21-28. Ref. : Bullock-Saxton J. Local sensation changes and altered hip muscle function following severe ankle sprain. Phys Ther. 1994; 74: 17-28. Ref. : The influence of hip strength on gluteal activity and lower extremity kinematics.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: Our results should be tested with more patients in largescale studies. The absence of the patients who have longer door to balloon times may be accepted as a limitation of the study, but the mean door to balloon time is short in our center. conclude that, there is no difference in mortality and morbidity between patients with pure IMI and patients complicated by RVMI, when early and successful reperfusion therapy was performed with a D2B time of less than 30 minutes. 271. (1993) Right ventricular infarction as an independent predictor of prognosis after acute inferior myocardial infarction. N Med 328(14): 981- 988. (1986) Diagnosis and prognosis of right ventricular infarction. J 56(1): 19-26. (2013) The challenges in the management of right ventricular infarction. 2(3): 226-234. (2010) Right ventricular function suffers from reperfusion delay: tissue Doppler study. 33(3): E43-48. (1994) Effects of reperfusion on ischemic right ventricular dysfunction. Disparate mechanisms of benefit related to duration of ischemia. Circulation 90(3): 1398-1409. (2005) Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and and the Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the of Echocardiography, a branch of the of Cardiology. J Echocardiogr 18(12): 1440-1463. (2010) Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the of Echocardiography endorsed by the of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the of Cardiology, and the of Echocardiography. J Echocardiogr 23(7): 685-713. (2000) Temporal trends in the treatment of over 1. 5 million patients with myocardial infarction in the US from 1990 through 1999: the of 1, 2 and 3. J Cardiol 36(7): 2056-2063. (2000) Relationship of symptom-onset-to-balloon time and door-to-balloon time with mortality in patients undergoing angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: In particular, clinicians found VR to be an effective tool for children with ULMI (see Table 2). Table 2 Content analysis interview data for the theme attitudes towards the VR RehabilitationFull size table3. 4. 2 Difficulty and pain levelsVR therapy was found to alleviate pain and reduce the level of difficulty for children with ULMI, according to all participant groups. Seven out of ten children with ULMI reported that during the VR rehabilitation, they did not feel any pain at all. While the rest of them (3/10) reported low levels of pain, discomfort and/or soreness. Similarly, seven out of ten family members and all the clinicians reported that no pain had been observed during the VR rehabilitation (see Table 3). Table 3 Content analysis interview data for the theme difficulty and pain levelsFull size table3. 4. 3 System usability/acceptabilitySix out of ten children with ULMI and seven out of ten family members reported positively on the system's usability, sharing that it was easy to use and that the children’s interactions appeared to be natural. The rest of the patient (3/10) found the system neither easy nor difficult, suggesting that the usability of the system was moderate, while one child with ULMI (1/10) found the system slightly challenging to perform the exercises effectively and efficiently while enjoying the experience. They also reported the positive effects it had on the perceived pain levels as well as the increased duration to exhaustion. Overall, the VR therapy was well received by the patients and the family members. Similar views (2/2) but with concerns regarding the stamina effects (1/2) were reported by the clinical staff (see Table 4). Table 4 Content analysis interview data for the theme system usability/acceptabilityFull size table3. 4. 4 Future VR deploymentFinally, all patients (10/10) and all family members (10/10) and all clinical staff (2/2) suggested that they could see a future where VR could be deployed in real-world clinical settings to enhance the rehabilitation processes of children with ULMI (see Table 5). Table 5 Content analysis interview data for the theme future VR deploymentFull size table4 DiscussionChildren with ULMI often undergo painful and repetitive therapeutic processes to improve the functional abilities of the affected area. VR has the advantage of creating a distracting virtual experience which provides opportunities for the patient to reduce pain and enhance their rehabilitation (Matsangidou et al. 2017b).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: PubMed ID: 29314903 doi:10. 4085/1062-6050-99-16 National athletic trainers’ association position statement: prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injury. J Athl Train. 2018;53:5–19. PubMed ID: 29314903 doi:10. 4085/1062-6050-99-162931490310. 4085/1062-6050-99-16)| falseSearch 2. Psychosocial factors and sport injuries: meta-analyses for prediction and prevention. Sports Med. 2017;47(2):353–365. PubMed ID: 27406221 doi:10. 1007/s40279-016-0578-x Psychosocial factors and sport injuries: meta-analyses for prediction and prevention. Sports Med. 2017;47(2):353–365. PubMed ID: 27406221 doi:10. 1007/s40279-016-0578-x10. 1007/s40279-016-0578-x27406221)| falseSearch 3. . Evaluation of the effects of psychological prevention interventions on sport injuries: a meta-analysis. Sci Sports. 2015;30(6):305–313. doi:10. 1016/j. scispo. 2015. 04. 009. Evaluation of the effects of psychological prevention interventions on sport injuries: a meta-analysis. Sci Sports. 2015;30(6):305–313. doi:10. 1016/j. scispo. 2015. 04. 00910. 1016/j. scispo. 2015. 04. 009)| falseSearch 4. Maddison R, Prapavessis H. A psychological approach to the prediction and prevention of athletic injury. J Psychol. 2005;27(3):289–310. doi:10. 1123/jsep. 27. 3. 289CrossrefMaddison R, Prapavessis H. A psychological approach to the prediction and prevention of athletic injury. J Psychol. 2005;27(3):289–310. doi:10. 1123/jsep. 27. 3. 28910. 1123/jsep. 27. 3. 289)| falseSearch 5. . Team sport athletes may be less likely to suffer anxiety or depression than individual sport athletes. J Sport.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: JAMA 283(22): 2941-2947. (1999) 1999 update: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Infarction: and Recommendations: A report of the of Cardiology/Force on (Committee on Management of Infarction). Circulation 100(9): 1016-1030. (2004) ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction; A report of the of Cardiology/ Force on (Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of patients with acute myocardial infarction). J Cardiol 44(3): E1- 211. (2004) Time delay to treatment and mortality in primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction: every minute of delay counts. Circulation 109(10): 1223-1225. (2008) Achieving rapid reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention remains a challenge: insights from Association’s Get with the Guidelines program. J 155(6): 1059- 1067. Bowers TR, O’ (1998) Effect of reperfusion on biventricular function and survival after right ventricular infarction. N Med 338(14): 933-940. (1984) Effect of successful thrombolytic therapy on right ventricular function in acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. Cardiol 54(8): 951-957. (2018) Predictors of short-term outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in cardiogenic shock complicating STEMI—A tertiary care center experience. Journal 70(3): S259-64. (1989) Electrocardiographic manifestations of right ventricular infarction. J 118(1): 138-144. Wellens HJ (1999) The value of the right precordial leads of the electrocardiogram (1999) N Med 340(5): 381-383. (2008) Usefulness of right ventricular fractional area change to predict death, heart failure, and stroke following myocardial infarction (from the ). Cardiol 101(5): 607-612. (2002) Right ventricular dysfunction and risk of heart failure and mortality after myocardial infarction. J Cardiol 39(9):1450-1455.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: The purpose of this study was to explore whether VR is a feasible solution for children with ULMI who are dealing with a painful therapeutic process within a hospital environment. Using quantitative and qualitative approaches, we found that VR could be a successful solution for physical rehabilitation for children with ULMI. More importantly, our findings suggested that VR appeared to be very effective for this clinical population. It was found that VR could: (1) improve functional disabilities; (2) alleviate perceived pain; (3) reduce the perceived difficulty of rehabilitation exercises; (4) increase exercise duration; and (5) produce positive emotions towards the physical therapies. Data collected via a goniometer device suggested that VR rehabilitation could aid a significant improvement in functional disabilities for children with ULMI. Significant improvements emerged in a range of upper limb movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction after the VR rehabilitation. These preliminary findings are especially important for the research community since they validate the effectiveness of VR for children with ULMI. Based on subjective reports of pain given by the children with ULMI, the findings revealed a significant reduction in participants' experience of pain. This was further supported by subjective reports which indicated lower pain levels during the VR session in comparison to conventional rehabilitation. The findings are in line with previous studies which suggested that VR can decrease the perception of pain in younger patients. A study of fifty-seven children demonstrated that pain from phlebotomy was significantly lower during the use of VR (Gold et al. 2005). VR for paediatric intravenous placement also proved to be an effective solution in a sample of 20 children who received an intravenous placement for magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography (Gold et al. 2006). The study used VR (), which was a racing game. The patient was instructed to race on a hill while lying on a skateboard. Positive results were also recorded in the use of VR on paediatric patients with acute burn injuries. This study (Das et al. 2005) examined the effectiveness of VR on the procedural pain of burn dressing changes. The research involved seven children playing a video game, in which the patient was able to shoot monsters with the use of a pointer. The results revealed the effectiveness of VR based on video games. Our findings are in line with previous studies and suggest that VR could be used as an alternative form of analgesia with minimal side effects and positive impact in the physical hospital environment.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: 21-Barrow MM. Psychosocial aspects of athletic injuries as perceived by athletic trainers. J Athl Train. 2013;48(4):512–521. PubMed ID: 23724772 doi:10. 4085/1062-6050-48. 3. 2110. 4085/1062-6050-48. 3. 2123724772)| falseSearch 10. Injury prevention strategies specific to pre-elite athletes competing in Olympic and professional sports—a systematic review. J Sport. 2019;22(8):887–901. PubMed ID: 30930142 doi:10. 1016/j. jsams. 2019. 03. 002 Injury prevention strategies specific to pre-elite athletes competing in Olympic and professional sports—a systematic review. J Sport. 2019;22(8):887–901. PubMed ID: 30930142 doi:10. 1016/j. jsams. 2019. 03. 00210. 1016/j. jsams. 2019. 03. 002)| falseSearch 11. Psychosocial predictors and psychological prevention of soccer injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Sport. 2018;32:293–300. PubMed ID: 29776844 doi:10. 1016/j. ptsp. 2018. 05. 006 Psychosocial predictors and psychological prevention of soccer injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Sport. 2018;32:293–300. PubMed ID: 29776844 doi:10. 1016/j. ptsp. 2018. 05. 0062977684410. 1016/j. ptsp. 2018. 05. 006)| falseSearch 12. Effect of a mindfulness programme training to prevent the sport injury and improve the performance of semi-professional soccer players. Australas Psychiatry. 2019;27(6):589–595. PubMed ID: 31282193 doi:10. 1177/1039856219859288 Effect of a mindfulness programme training to prevent the sport injury and improve the performance of semi-professional soccer players. Australas Psychiatry. 2019;27(6):589–595. PubMed ID: 31282193 doi:10. 1177/10398562198592883128219310. 1177/1039856219859288)| falseSearch 13. /given-names>, Wells G, et al.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: (2002) Prognostic impact of right ventricular involvement as assessed by tricuspid annular motion in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Cardiol 90(7): 778-781. (2012) The TIMI risk score for STEMI predicts in-hospital mortality and adverse events in patients without cardiogenic shock undergoing primary angioplasty. Mex 82(1): 7-13. Research 10. 26717/BJSTR. 2019. 14. 002559 Abstract Introduction: The purpose of the current study was to comparison of the major and minor complications in patients with inferior myocardial infarction (IMI) with or without RVMI after treated with early successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: Consecutive patients admitted with IMI due to proximal RCA occlusion and treated with successful primary PCI were included the study. Patients divided into two groups as IMI with and without RVMI. RVMI was diagnosed in the presence of ST segment elevation in the V4R derivation. In addition, transthoracic echocardiography is performed within 24 hours of admission. All patients were followed prospectively and the occurrence of adverse events was noted. The mean follow-up period was 10 months after discharge. Results: The study population consisted of 46 consecutive patients admitted with IMI treated with primary PCI. 16 patients were IMI complicated by RVMI. The average door-to-balloon (D2B) times at our study population was less than thirty minutes (mean 23. 1 ± 6,6 minutes). Patients with RVMI had significantly lower TAPSE (1. 39 ± 0. 21 cm versus 2. 35 ± 0. 46 cm, P<0. 001) and RV FAC (28. 15 ± 5. 87 versus 44. 79 ± 10. 77 p<0,001) and significantly higher RVDD (4,17 ± 0,41 versus 3,06 ± 0. 45, p< 0,001). No mortality or major complications were observed during the coronary intensive care and hospital stay. Minor complication was observed in one patient with RVMI, no statistically significant difference was found in this value. No statistically significant difference was found in length of hospital stay. A significant correlation was found between the peak CK-MB values between, both length of coronary intensive care and length hospital stay of patients with RVMI.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: The findings also revealed lower levels of the perceived difficulty in the rehabilitation exercise performance during the VR session in comparison ratings of conventional rehabilitation. The findings are in line with a study that suggested that VR can influence positively the perception of task difficulty during upper limb muscle contraction (Matsangidou et al. 2017a, b). To examine this, participants were asked to hold their in an isometric contraction for as long as they could with their elbow at an angle of 90º flexion. Via VR technology, the participants’ attention was diverted from the painful sensory signal and that as a result, decreased the perception of task difficulty. The implications of minimizing the perceived task difficulty are substantial since patients will be able to perform further rehabilitation or to perform it more intensely. This will result in an improved willingness to engage in the rehabilitation for a longer period which has the potential to improve the physical outcomes of the rehabilitation. Our findings suggest that VR technology can alter time perception in young children, to the effect that they feel less time has passed when using VR. These effects were in line with several previous clinical research studies, which suggested that VR can contribute to a reduction in the duration of a painful process (Schneider 2007; Schneider and Workman 2000; Schneider et al. 2004; 2011; Wiederhold and Wiederhold 2007). We believe that the results highlight the positive impact VR can have on children suffering from ULMI or other functional disabilities. These results indicated that VR can enhance the context of conventional rehabilitation, providing an enjoyable rehabilitation solution. It was shown that via VR rehabilitation the children were enjoying their therapy, doing much more in it, moving more freely, responding more positively and complying more readily with practitioners. Therefore, one can assume that VR rehabilitation can have a positive impact on patients' psychological and physiological wellbeing. We also demonstrated positive emotions towards the use of VR for rehabilitation, reported by patients, clinical staff and family members. Previous research has shown that between patients and clinicians a therapeutic relationship developed which is a key factor for a good outcome in long-term care and this therapeutic relationship can be also implemented in the virtual environments (Gorini et al. 2007; 2008; Horvath and Symonds 1991; Horvath et al. 2011; Matsangidou et al. 2020; Martin et al. 2000; Norcross 2002). We observed that VR allowed children with ULMI to engage more positively and confidently in their physical rehabilitation.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: Participants underwent baseline and follow up testing at three weeks including surface electromyography (EMG) of the serratus anterior, upper, and lower trapezius of the involved (painful group) or matched shoulder (control group) during an elevation task and maximal isometric shoulder strength testing. All participants were instructed in a PHA exercise to be performed daily (3 sets; 10 reps). Subjects logged daily exercise adherence. Neuromuscular adaptations were defined by changes in EMG amplitudes (normalized to MVIC) of serratus anterior, upper trapezius, and lower trapezius and strength. Secondary outcomes of self-reported pain and function were also compared between groups following the three-week intervention. After three weeks of a daily PHA exercise, the painful group demonstrated a greater decrease in baseline-elevated EMG amplitudes in the lower trapezius by 7% (95%CI 2. 6-11%) during the concentric phase of the overhead lifting task (p=0. 006). EMG amplitudes of the healthy control group did not change at three-week follow-up. Additionally, the change in serratus anterior mean EMG amplitude in the painful group -1. 6% (IQR -22. 9 to 0. 8%) was significantly greater (p=0. 033) than the healthy group change score, 2. 5% (IQR -2. 3 to 5. 7%) during the eccentric phase (p=0. 034). While the painful group was weaker in abduction and flexion at baseline and follow up, both groups had a significant increase in all strength measures (p≤0. 014). Concurrent with increased strength and normalizing EMG amplitudes, the painful group significantly improved on the Score with a mean change 9. 8 points (95%CI=7. 0, 12. 6) (p<0. 001). In this pilot case-control study, a single home exercise performed daily for three weeks demonstrated neuromuscular adaptations with improvements in muscle activity and strength. These were concurrent with modest, yet significant improvements pain and function in individuals with mild rotator cuff related shoulder pain. Abstract | Full 16. 5, 21. 5) more swings in practice than in matches. The average number of total swings during the pre-season 47. 1 (CI95 44. 1, 50.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: Can quantum physics make the internet more secure? Published: January 4, 2023 Jacquiline (Jacq) Romero, a quantum physicist at the University of Queensland in Australia, is conducting experiments with photons to investigate quantum entanglement. Her research is helping to develop the quantum internet – the internet of the future will be very different from the internet today. — the smallest unit of data that a computer can process and store — a quantum of light, the basic unit that makes up all light — the smallest unit involved in an interaction — the physical phenomenon that occurs when a group of p1. “The quantum internet differs from the regular internet because it will transmit quantum information (‘qubits’) instead of classical information (‘bits’),” says Jacq. “Quantum states are very different. ” Compared to regular bits, quantum bits (known as qubits) can take on superpositions. Because the qubits are neither 0 nor 1 before measurement, qubits represent multiple combinations of 0 and 1 at the same time. By using these qubits and entangling them, Jacq and her team have been working towards developing the quantum internet. What is entanglement? The 2022 in Physics was awarded to physicists Alain Aspect, for investigating photon entanglement. They describe entanglement as a distinctly quantum phenomenon in which objects “exist in a shared state, regardless of how far apart they are”. This is such a strange concept that even once described entanglement as “spooky action at a distance”! Entanglement is a tricky idea to understand, but, fortunately, Jacq has a helpful analogy to explain it: “Let’s take a thought experiment with two parties: Alice and Bob,” says Jacq. “Imagine there are two cards, labelled either 0 or 1, and each is placed in a closed box. The boxes could contain either number, but both boxes contain the same card. Alice takes one box to one room, and Bob takes the other to another room. The moment Alice opens her box and sees her card, she knows that Bob’s card has the same number, without even communicating with him. The same is true for Bob when he opens his box. ” Quantum entanglement: opens her box, she knows what card is in Bob’s box Download the 10.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: As a result, VR offered new experiences which transform the up to now tedious training into an enjoyable task for the children patients with ULMI and their therapists, promoting a positive therapeutic connection between them. 5 Implications and recommendationsThis feasibility study aimed to examine and consider potential research directions towards a more deployable VR system for clinical rehabilitation for children with ULMI. Considering the sensitive nature of this domain, we set out some directions for future deployment. Throughout the study, we observed the importance of examining the clinicians' conventional rehabilitation structure as a vital factor that contributed to the VR design. We found that the design of a successful VR rehabilitation system must be based on the requirements of conventional interventions and that specific instructions should be given to the user to be able to correctly perform the rehabilitation task. For example, VR-Archery was selected because it imitated the movements of conventional upper limb rehabilitation. However, it was found that the tasks were not always performed correctly. To resolve this issue a targeting system that indicated the arrow trajectory was used. We encourage researchers and clinicians to present clear directions to the user to enhance the accurate task performance within the virtual environments. We also found that a crucial factor for the interaction design to deliver meaningful experiences is to gain a sense of autonomy. Such autonomy can be exhibited by the ability to choose the climbing path direction. As aforementioned, the system used highlighted bricks for the user to climb up the wall executing the correct exercise. However, each user was able to take a different climbing path based on the climbing direction s/he chooses. These autonomies allowed the patient to freely experience the virtual environment, whilst being in a safe environment supported by guidelines developed by a clinical team. We encourage researchers and clinicians to capitalize on the sense of “guided” autonomy within the virtual environments. Patient’s capabilities are a crucial factor to design patient-centred rehabilitation exercises. We found that customised scenarios based on the patient's range of movement are required to ensure that the exercise stimulates with the appropriate difficulty. Therefore, we encourage the design and research community to adjust the rehabilitation exercises based on each patient’s needs. Another vital factor for the design is to imitate natural interactions to reduce confusion and increase the usability of the system. For example, a “hold and release” button which imitated the natural grabbing movement is a better solution than an “automatic hold”.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Smart fabrics can completely eliminate the risk of injury for athletes. [SEP] Text: 083 m) female soccer (n=10), softball (n=17), and basketball (n=14) players participated in this study. The athletes completed the FMS™ screens prior to their season, regularly participated in four in-season standardized corrective exercises throughout three to four month athletic seasons, and completed the FMS™ screens in the post-season. The average score of all athletes before the season was 15. 52 ± 0. 63 and 16. 04 ± 0. 72 after the season. While the mean score of soccer players increased from 14. 80 ± 0. 92 to 16. 1 ± 1. 52 and the mean score of softball players increased from 15. 83 ± 1. 89 to 16. 72 ± 1. 41 at the end of the season, the mean score of basketball players dropped from 15. 93 ± 1. 49 to 15. 29 ± 1. 59. Women’s basketball players experienced a decrease in their composite FMS™ score (x̅ = -0. 571, p<0. 01), while women’s soccer players (x̅=+1. 30, p<0. 05) and softball players (x̅=+1. 12, p<0. 05) experienced an increase in mean score 2. 28 times and 1. 96 times greater in magnitude than the decrease in basketball players’ composite FMS™, respectively. Fewer total athletes demonstrated asymmetries at postseason testing, decreasing from 24 at pre-season testing to 15 at postseason testing (p<0. 01). Significant differences were not noted between athlete age and FMS™ scores (p>0. 05). Standardized interventional programs during athletic teams’ seasons may be used to help increase FMS™ scores and reduce asymmetry. Though more studies are warranted to address the negative effects of this standardized program in women’s basketball players, this study demonstrated that the number of asymmetries significantly decreased from pre- to postseason among soccer and softball players, which may have implications for higher resistance to injury. Abstract | Full 0. 000; Z=-3. 869). Of the 32 athletes in the category at pretest, 16 were after the intervention (p=0. 002). A pre-season group injury prevention training program with individually prescribed corrective exercises, resulted in a significant number of subjects decreasing their injury risk category.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: 33424/336 Link to the activity sheet 0 +1 Pinterest 0 LinkedIn 0 writing quantum states on the board Jacq and a PhD working in the lab, with a shaped laser beam displayed on the computer screen Jacq and a PhD student setting up a laser experiment in the lab A photonic chip that Jacq’s research group is working on Seems obvious so far, right? “There is nothing extraordinary about this correlation,” says Jacq. “Alice and Bob know what the other person has because they know that the boxes contain cards of the same type. More importantly, the cards are ordinary objects: the 0-card is labelled 0 and the 1-card is labelled 1, regardless of whether Alice or Bob were looking in the box. ” However, the story is strangely different if the cards are entangled and the number on the card is a qubit. Quantum objects can be in a superposition of states, which means they can be either 0-cards or 1-cards, and this is not definite until someone looks inside the box. At that instant, the card randomly becomes either a 0 or a 1. In this version of the experiment, if Alice were to open her box and see a 0-card, then when Bob opened his box, he would see his card is also a 0-card. “Seeing a 0-card in one box depends on seeing a 0-card in another box,” explains Jacq. “Alice and Bob observe the same correlations as in the first version of the experiment, but the origin of the correlation is now superposition, not the well-defined labels on the cards that were there before they were put inside the boxes,” says Jacq. The other interesting thing about qubits is that if Alice and Bob were to repeat the experiment with another pair of cards, the results will be totally random. “Whether they see 0 or 1 on their cards is totally random, but the two labels will always be the same as each other,” Jacq adds. Overall, this means that when two p1. However, if the experiment extends to include a third person, we have multipartite entanglement. If there are more than two possible outcomes (for instance, if the cards in the box could be labelled from 0 to 5) then we have qudit, instead of qubit, entanglement.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: This results in natural interactions between the user and the visual environment, which lead to high levels of autonomy and immersion. Finally, when considering the VR content design is important to take into consideration the patients’ ability. For example, our initial design required participants to stretch their arm behind their back to grab an arrow from a virtual quiver. However, some patients’ impairments meant that they could not reach that far. A solution was devised that provided the clinician with the ability to alter the distance of the quiver so the participants could use it at any stage of their rehabilitation. Therefore, it is highly recommended that information is gathered from playtests at multiple stages to identify potential issues. 6 Limitations and conclusionsThis study examined the acceptability of the deployment of VR for children with ULMI, their clinicians and family members. The VR rehabilitation system of this study was run within a hospital environment to aid conventional rehabilitation. Even though very positive results were observed for this deployment of VR in healthcare, the study was limited to a relatively small sample. The small sample can be explained due to ethical restrictions of recruiting non-adult clinical patients. Nonetheless, the VR system was used for the treatment of a variety of ULMI, allowing us to observe different aspects of the interaction design and deployment considerations. It was explored using mixed methods and from a multidirectional perspective (patients, clinicians, family members) which enhanced the breadth and depth of understanding of VR's acceptability. Future studies should examine the use of VR for clinical rehabilitation in a large-scale sample; indeed, we are planning a multi-site study to this end. An additional limitation of the study was that no goniometer data were collected from a traditional therapeutic session. We used the goniometer to assess the physical therapy effectiveness of the VR rehabilitation and to examine the differences between a range of movements. Future studies should use goniometer data to compare the VR’s rehabilitation effectiveness to the traditional therapeutic session. That being said, we suggest future studies to run comparisons between a traditional therapeutic session and VR. In addition, future studies should examine the role of immersion by comparing non-immersive, semi-immersive and fully-immersive VR systems. Finally, we would like to note that contrary to the traditional therapeutic session, the VR rehabilitation session required the participant to perform the exercise tasks while holding an controller. The controller weight approximately 165 g which might have caused some sort of discomfort to the patient.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Most language translation AI tools can perfectly interpret emotional tone and intention. [SEP] Text: AbstractOnline social media networks have become a significant platform for persons with mental illnesses to discuss their struggles and obtain emotional and informational assistance in recent years. One such platform is Reddit, where sub-groups called ‘subreddits’ exist, based on a variety of topics including mental illnesses such as anxiety or depression. We analyse the user’s interactions to calculate the mental health status by formulating and using a parameter called ‘emotional tone’ representing the user’s emotional state. VADER sentiment analysis and TextBlob are used to categorise emotional tone and find distribution of emotional polarity and subjectivity of comments. For final tone prediction, RNN and State-Of-The-Art word embedding techniques are used to develop a predictive model. The resultant model provides end-to-end categorization and prediction of emotional tone. We obtain results with respect to Weighted L1 Loss that deals with extreme responses. transcends all the baselines by at least 12. 1% and the final emotional status of the authors is positive. Similar content being viewed by others Multi-modal social and psycho-linguistic embedding via recurrent neural networks to identify depressed users in online forums 1. Collecting the data from user interactions on the mental health subreddits on Reddit platform. Pre-processing the data using TextBlob to study the emotional polarity and subjectivity of comments in the threads, in order to establish a correlation between the subjectivity of comments and the polarity of author’s final comment. This analysis helps in understanding the effect of the nature of comments on the final emotional state of author. It also gives an idea about the typical nature of emotional tones used in the interactions on these sub-reddits. The outcome was that subjectivity of the comments for all the subreddits is high, which indicates that the nature of comments involved were frequently based on the user’s own emotions, experience and opinions, rather than only factual information. 2. sentiment analysis on collected raw data for categorising and assessing the emotional state of users in terms of emotional tones of each comment in the interaction. 3. Analysing the thread of comments under an author’s post and establishing a correlation between the emotional tones of comments, posts and the final comment made by the author in the thread.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: What methods does Jacq use to conduct her research? Jacq specifically studies the entanglement of photons. “I shoot a special crystal with ultraviolet light and, once in a while, this ultraviolet photon becomes two infrared photons that are entangled in their various properties,” she says. One example of an entangled property of the photon is the shape of its cross-section intensity. “Usually, we think of light as a bright spot – intense at the centre and becoming dimmer the farther you are from the centre,” says Jacq. “But light can also have other shapes. ” Not only is Jacq creating entangled photons, she has also developed the technology needed to measure their shape, creating new opportunities for other quantum physicists. “I am proud that many researchers are now using the shape of photons for quantum information, thanks to the technique we introduced. ” What are the applications of this research? One application of Jacq’s research is developing the quantum internet, which will be much more secure than the regular internet. sends an online message to Bob through the regular internet, a hacker might be able to read the message without either of them knowing. However, if the message is sent on the quantum internet using entangled qubits, then someone sneaking in to read the message would be detected immediately. “When quantum information is being sent from one point to another, any eavesdropper disturbs the quantum information,” explains Jacq. “This means the eavesdropper can be discovered. ” This new version of the internet will enable us to connect quantum computers, achieve more powerful computation and allow secure quantum communication. According to scientists, a global quantum network might be available as soon as 2030, thanks to the work of quantum physicists such as Jacq. Jacquiline RomeroSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, of research: project: Investigating quantum entanglement and developing the quantum internet Funders: Council (ARC), Foundation, L’Oreal-physics is the study of the universe at its most fundamental level. It challenges our notions of reality and often overlaps with the philosophy of science. “Quantum physics asks deep questions about how nature operates, what knowledge is, and what the role of an observer is,” says Jacq.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: Future studies should add to the traditional therapeutic session a weight approximate to the controller’s weight. The study contributes to the emerging body of research on the use of medical technology for children with physical motor impairments by presenting the opportunities VR offered to this patient group and the challenges we faced in the deployment of VR in this context. We believe this paper lays the foundations for the deployment of VR on a large scale in clinical environments and we can see a future where VR will be used as a personalized home-based rehabilitation solution.

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Most language translation AI tools can perfectly interpret emotional tone and intention. [SEP] Text: Creating a multi-layer RNN based predictive model to forecast the last comment emotional tone of the author, after being subjected to interactions in the comments. This will help in understanding whether the user interactions affected the author positively or negatively. The final comments are mostly of positive polarity, indicating that the user interactions positively affect the author and improve their state of mind, resulting in more optimistic comments from the author. 4. Comparing various baselines and model performances and analysing them in order to produce more accuracy and efficiency. We see that the model outperforms the baselines by at least 12. 1%. We begin by studying the distribution of the emotional polarity and subjectivity of comments in the subreddit. This is done using TextBlob, a tool that is used for Sentiment Analysis, an open-source python-based library which uses ToolKit (NLTK) to provide various NLP functionalities [20]. It produces two values: polarity and subjectivity with reference to a textual piece of data. Polarity is related to the positive or negative emotion behind a statement and it is a value between [-1, 1]. The degree of personal opinion and a fact in a text is calculated by subjectivity, which is returned as a value between [0, 1]. If a text contains more personal opinion than actual factual information, it is more subjective and less objective [5]. Here, we use these two values for the comments in the subreddit for analyzing the sentiment as well as the nature of advice and information shared in the comments. The initial emotional tone of the user is detected using a sentiment analysis tool called VADER. Sentiment analysis uses a computational approach of subjectivity in material to quantify a speaker or writer’s attitude, emotions, judgments, moods, and thoughts. VADER (Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning) is a tool for analyzing sentiments, for textual material which considers both the amplitude (magnitude) and the polarity (positive/negative) of emotion [12]. sentiment analysis system employs a dictionary to link lexical features and emotional intensities, or sentiment scores. The sentiment score of a textual data can be calculated by adding the intensity of each word in the text. The prediction model is based on Networks (RNN). It refers to a category of Network (ANN) which is usually based on processing sequentially ordered data or time series.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: “Future quantum technologies will need the untethered imaginations of not just physicists, but also computer scientists, material scientists, engineers and people from technologies adjacent to quantum physics. ” What other discoveries has Jacq made? While it has long been known that the speed of light slows down when travelling through a different material, such as glass or water, Jacq and her team made headlines a few years ago when they discovered the speed of light can be slowed in space too. “In one of my favourite experiments, we showed that light slows down by a tiny fraction (around 3000 km/s) if you give it a particular shape,” says Jacq. This had never been shown before in single photons and was only possible because the team had so much experience working with photons. How do gender and culture affect Jacq’s work in quantum physics? The most famous physicists tend to be white men – think of and Maxwell. “It is really important to have cultural and gender diversity in science,” explains Jacq. “first left the Philippines to do a PhD in the UK, I realised I had an inferiority complex and I lacked confidence,” says Jacq. “I think it is very easy to feel this way, especially for people from countries that were colonised. was controlled by Spain for more than 300 years, and the mentality that ‘white is better’ is deeply ingrained. ” Having grown up in the Philippines, Jacq was soft-spoken and very polite. While these are good attributes to have, she soon realised that scientists need to be forceful (you can be both forceful and polite, after all! ) to make their ideas heard. “I realised I had to recalibrate to get my point across, especially when scientific discussions get intense! ” Pathway from school to quantum physics • At school and post-16, study physics and maths to learn the fundamentals of the field. Jacq recommends having a strong understanding of linear algebra, because quantum states are treated as vectors or matrices. • At university, degrees in physics or maths could lead to a career in quantum physics. However, scientists from a range of disciplines can work in the field. “Even a chemist could find themselves working on quantum technologies, because there are many interesting materials that could be useful for quantum devices,” says Jacq.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: 2019; Botella et al. 2017) showing its efficacy in reducing fear of real-world equivalent phobic stimuli (Morina et al. 2015). A recent systematic review on exposure treatment demonstrated its effectiveness for most phobia types, including social phobias (Freitas et al. 2021). Therapy, a patient can be gradually exposed to the scenario or environment they fear; however, they do this whilst immersed within VR (Boeldt et al. 2019). This makes this approach a safe place to gradually push the limits of one’s anxiety disorder, which is an essential process throughout (Craske et al. 2014). In fact, Maples-Keller et al. (2017) identified that the use of artificial settings and virtually generated environments eliminates many constraints of the real world and therefore acts as a valuable method of treating SADs. Previous work by Robillard et al. (2003) demonstrated that the graphic quality of game-based environments can often be superior, which leads to a maximised effect of exposure. For example, a recent study by Hinojo-Lucena et al. (2020) showed that VR treatment for public speaking anxiety in a student population was effective while being less invasive than in vivo exposure, and a similar study by Lindner et al. (2021) produced similar positive findings in support of for public speaking anxiety, this time in routine care. It has also been shown that this approach had a low dropout rate in a recent meta-analysis study (Benbow and Anderson 2019). Boeldt et al. (2019) further discussed that the use of VR can allow therapists to choose and cater content to the personal needs of patients, and that is at the very least as effective as the state of the art treatment that is carried out in person, concluding that although VR may not currently be a standardised treatment method, it can make more effective. The above can significantly help with the increased levels of anxiety and depression that have been observed as a result of the recent COVID-19 pandemic (Organization 2022). Accordingly, in this work we adopt the approach for treating SADs. 2. 5 Research aim and approachTo this end, the aim of our work is twofold; first, work discussed above indicates that individuals with SADs exhibit high levels of self-attention when they are in an anxiety-provoking environment or social situation.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Most language translation AI tools can perfectly interpret emotional tone and intention. [SEP] Text: RNNs are based on ‘memory’ allowing them to influence current input and output with knowledge of previous inputs [13]. Here the chronologically ordered comment thread forms the series of input. It is created using Transformer architectures based on Networks, particularly the DistilBERT architecture. DistilBERT is a BERT-based Transformer model that is compact, fast, inexpensive, and light [17]. During the pre-training phase, knowledge distillation is used to reduce the size of a BERT model by 40%. Knowledge distillation (also known as teacher-student learning) is a compression method that involves training a smaller model to mimic the behavior of a bigger model (or an ensemble of models). This enables easier deployment of the model due to its compactness [9]. While sentiment analysis has been a popular and widely-used method in works related with emotions and opinions of people, its application in the mental health field has been somewhat limited to detection models. It has been utilized on social media platforms for recognition of a user’s emotional tone; however the scope of analyzing the shift in this tone has not been explored. This study focuses on this emotional shift which provides valuable insights into the effect of the interactions on these platforms. This work develops a structure which extends beyond just categorising and identifying the mental status of an individual based on data extracted from social media, by integrating the mechanism to predict the patterns in the emotional shift. Accurate prediction of the shift in emotional tone can be a very crucial step in formulating methodologies and tools to positively alter the mental state of a user suffering from mental health disorders. This further has scope for the development of tools that provide custom content according to the desired shift in emotions. This forms a great scope for developing tools that can contribute to the desired shift in emotional tone such as recommendation systems, counseling bots, etc. and therefore help in early intervention in mental health issues. The use of knowledge distillation is another promising area which will make such analysis and prediction models compact. This will enable the application of these models on time-sensitive and resource sensitive systems such as at the edge of the networks. Therefore, more compact models can be developed which can be efficiently applied on big data systems and in use cases with instantaneous inputs. The study consists of seven sections that describe the background, importance and implementation of proposed methodology.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: Explore careers in quantum physics • Jacq recommends learning about quantum computing using resources such as Qiskit (www. qiskit. org) and (try. q-ctrl. com/blackopal-app). • of Melbourne has useful information about careers in physics and advice from former university students who studied physics: science. unimelb. edu. au/students/careers/careers-in-science/physical-sciences • Jacq loves the book “Quantum Mechanics: Minimum” by and recommends reading it if you are interested in learning more about quantum physics. • According to the Institute, the average salary for a physicist in Australia is $149,000 AUD a year. What were your interests when you were younger? I loved mathematics from very early on. was 8 years old, my uncle gave me a book on algebra which was full of word problems. I was fascinated to see mathematical equations as English sentences. went to high school, I was naturally drawn to physics because it was just like maths, but with the purpose of describing nature and the world around me. My interests were not all academic. I also enjoyed reading books, playing badminton, watching movies and spending time with good friends. Who inspired you to become a quantum physicist? was 15 years old, my physics teacher commented that quantum physics was the branch of physics that he liked the least. I was curious and googled what quantum physics was, and I’ve been hooked ever since! read more, I got more interested in how philosophical and yet experimentally testable, and potentially technologically revolutionary, the ideas in quantum physics were. You have won numerous awards, including two L’Oréal-in Science awards. What do these recognitions mean to you? I am deeply honoured to have received many awards and fellowships over the years. left the Philippines to pursue a PhD in quantum physics, I felt a great deal of uncertainty. I even remember one professor asking me if I was sure that quantum physics was not just a fixation. I am proud to have pursued my dream, and the awards I have received are recognition of the good work and fun that I try to have every day. You can’t plan to make winning an award a goal. I think the best that you can do is try to do well every day. These recognitions mean a lot to me because they inspire me to do better.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: Novel technology, such as (VR), can offer greater accessibility and can be delivered remotely, cost-effectively and conveniently without transportation and provide individually tailored treatments (Su et al. 2021; Thielbar et al. 2020). In the clinical setting, several trials have innovated and investigated effective treatments for ULMI recovery. They have identified VR technology as an opportunity to promote movement recovery during the physiotherapeutic process (Levac et al. 2013). VR-supported rehabilitation has a high intrinsic motivational power that increases engagement and enjoyment of therapeutic routines for adults and children (Campo-Prieto et al. 2021; Chen et al. 2014; Laver et al. 2017). This is very important because even if a proper rehabilitation therapy is prescribed, and it can fail because of the patient’s lack of motivation (López-Jaquero et al. 2019; Meyns et al. 2018). In addition, it is effective in reducing procedural pain, with minimal adverse effects and economical due to the reduced costs of the technology (Aydın and Özyazıcıoğlu 2019; Chan et al. 2020; Chen et al. 2020, Garrett et al. 2014; Walther-Larsen et al. 2019). It lets users immerse themselves in an engaging and challenging virtual scenario where interaction emulates the exercises required in their CR (Wenk et al. 2021). It also allows therapists to identify individuals’ difficulties and customise the control of variables, such as speed, size, distance and visual and auditory feedback (Brusque et al. 2018; Zahabi et al. 2020). The “Impact VRLab” based in Sheffield has developed a suite of immersive and interactive VR rehabilitation systems for paediatric and adult patients with neurological and musculoskeletal conditions, orthopaedic trauma, and pain management (Chau et al. 2020; Furness et al. 2019; Phelan et al. 2019). Immersive scenarios possessing high degrees of the patient presence and engagement proved the most effective (Furness et al. 2019). A small scale feasibility study was carried out to help children with ULMI to perform their rehabilitation exercises in a clinical setting. Results showed a reduction in pain and difficulty ratings, increased enjoyment and improved range of motion (ROM).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Most language translation AI tools can perfectly interpret emotional tone and intention. [SEP] Text: The authors work in [16] used transfer learning classifiers that recognize the social media language indicative of mental health outcomes for studying the changes in psycho-social expressions over language and time during Covid-19. The proposed model can study not only the linguistic changes but also the temporal changes in combination with support expressions. The authors [2] used techniques like conversation models that are sequence-based, language model comparisons, message clustering, to present a set of computational discourse analysis algorithms for calculating the relationship between various linguistic features of conversations and conversation outcomes. The novel methods developed are suited for datasets that are large-scale and can be used to discover actionable conversation strategies associated with better conversational outcomes. However, with only a small set of linguistic features, the model performs well [1]. The work proposed in [19] used Network to replicate relationship between the user and the community they interact in. Then, discussion trees were analysed, extracting descriptors that unwrap the discussed main topic. The model detects what the main messages of the set of comments are, and also gives a description of what is being discussed in different communities. This can let counsellors skip irrelevant parts and help the person in need. The work in [11] proposed a technique which used regression machine learning models on multiple tweets and compared with outcomes of Software to score tweets on a perceived anxiety scale. The model can help in determining the anxiety levels of a person based on their multiple tweets with very small error. The work authors in [3] used Machine learning models to classify short comments into positive and negative data using character level analysis to find precision, and accuracy of the model. It is predicted that classifying with a short statement uttered daily will lead to early identification of mental problems. However, the accuracy of classification can be bettered by using words’ vector representation that includes their meaning. The work proposed in [7] employed logistic regression framework to distinguish between those who have suicide intent vs. those who have shifted from a mental illness state to suicide state. This study established a method that tells if a person engaged in mental health discussions is prone to shift to suicidal ideation. Previous works (Table 1) include classification of mental health status of users using Machine and Network, where the column for performance attainment corresponds to the accuracy to the models proposed. Many models and architectures have been developed in order to create more accurate systems.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: Figures AbstractIn the Colombian context, disputes over natural resources, mainly over land, and poor governance are intertwined with armed conflict. Although efforts to address this situation, including the 2016 peace agreement signed between Colombian government and the Forces of Colombia (FARC, by Spanish acronym) are underway, these disputes continue, affecting land use dynamics. Understanding the complexity and trends in land use conflicts, as well as the specific regional characteristics underlying differing land use changes across regions, is critical. This 9088. Vadrevu, University of Maryland at : September 24, 2021; Accepted: May 14, 2022; Published: May 31, 2022Copyright: © 2022 Del Río Duque et al. This is an open access 2016. Other authors state that forests that were previously inaccessible are now open to land grabbing, in particular with conversion to cattle pastures as a result of land speculation and land accumulation [18, 19]. However, according to Negret et al. [23], this tendency depends on regional features such as local governance. Against this background, the current situation of land use conflicts poses a critical challenge in the Colombian post-agreement context. To understand land use changes in conflict-affected territories in Colombia, a systematic exploration of the complex land use dynamics is required. Few authors map this complexity using causal loop diagrams (CLDs). For example, the study of Rocha et al. [28] uses CLDs to understand land use changes in across different cases. They recognize that CLDs allow for reconciling common regional drivers with context-dependent features. Furthermore, Molina et al. [29] develop CLDs to improve the systemic understanding of factors affecting sustainability in the agro-ecosystems of the páramos in Colombia. This tool allows them to integrate different elements and feedbacks of these agro-ecosystems, thus broadening discussions about future effects and expected behaviors. Another highly insightful study is that of Arias-Gaviria et al. [30]. The scholars analyze deforestation in Colombia using the conceptual framework of socio-ecological systems and CLDs as a tool for mapping interactions between different sub-systems and agents. This study contributes to a better understanding of the complexity of deforestation, a key issue related to land use dynamics in Colombia. Since the complexity of land use changes is determined by regional patterns [31], it is important to expand its study to regional research that considers context-dependent features.

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: The objective measurement scales were captured using a goniometer measurement instrument to capture ROM (Phelan et al. 2021a, b). This study aims to explore the feasibility, acceptability and perceived effectiveness of an overhauled Reality (IVR) system tailored for ULMI rehabilitation for children in their homes. Using feedback acquired through co-design with patients, caregivers and clinical staff, a new improved system specifically tailored for home use was developed. Selected outcome measures include ROM readings, quality of life (PedsQL), usability (SUS) and qualitative data (interviews). The redesign of the system builds on previous studies by incorporating additional immersive levels with new mechanics (arrow types) that replicate physiotherapy exercises (stretching, flexions and rotations). Usability required significant attention since the user would be using the system in their homes without instant support. This required the inclusion of a character that follows the user to provide tips on how to progress. Motivational challenges and engaging scenarios were implemented to maintain the users’ attention to prevent the therapy from failing, as is often the case with self-directed treatments. An aim of this study is to provide rehabilitation to paediatric patients with ULMI to optimise functional outcomes and overall well-being and quality of life. Utilising IVR technology with self-directed home rehabilitation, this system attempts to decrease healthcare pressure due to the Covid-19 pandemic by reducing clinic visits. This alternative approach to rehabilitation at home does not require supervised sessions. Although the therapist still needs to perform an initial assessment along with training on how to use the system, the subsequent follow-up appointments should be reduced with the improvement in adherence. 2 Related workVR scenarios can be presented through a head-mounted device (IVR), or a projection system or a flat-screen (non-IVR). The state of the art of clinical studies conducted to demonstrate the efficacy and acceptability of VR for ULMI rehabilitation has been primarily focussed on adults and non-immersive VR systems. There is a lack of clinical studies of IVR applied to children and in particular during home-based rehabilitation. 2. 1 Non-IVR interventionNon-IVR environments provide visual feedback, presented through projection systems or flat screens. Biofeedback enables control of the timing of the task and supports motor learning (Kitago and Krakauer 2013).

Output: corroborate


Input: Claim: Most language translation AI tools can perfectly interpret emotional tone and intention. [SEP] Text: Architectures like DistilBERT aim at creating compact version of these technologies in order to improve their ability to be deployed at network edges. This forms a solid groundwork for applying the sentiment analysis methods in prediction models to create a more robust system where classification of emotions can be extended to analysis the influence of various factors and model predictions based on it. Table 1 Table of related workFull size tableThe proposed architecture aims at solving the following gaps: 1. The existing approaches refined and classified the data based on a score value to predict the mental state, using methods such as Machines, Logistic Regression, and [6, 8, 18]. This is in contrast to the approach followed in this paper, which is forecasting social interactions effect as a regression-based task. 2. There exists a scope of studying the continuously changing emotional tone in online mental illness group interactions in order to predict their effects. This work aims at creating such a prediction model by modelling the user’s mental state during his/her interaction in a sequence of comments to forecast shifts in their emotional tone, to get a more accurate result. Analysis of the shift in the mental state of author after each comment is explored, and the determination of final mental state of author in relation to final comment is predicted. 3 Shifts modelling in emotional tone3. 1 Polarity and subjectivity of commentsThe TextBlob library is an open-source python Processing (NLP) tool which can perform sentiment analysis on test using lexicon-based approach. It takes the input text and generate two values one for polarity and one for subjectivity of the text. This gives us the sentiment type i. e. , positive or negative sentiment behind a comment. It also gives us the level of objectivity in a sentence and hence provides the degree of personal opinions and emotions involved in a particular comment. Thus, nature of the comments in a subreddit can be analyzed in terms of these two factors. Exploring these factors gives us an idea about the prevalent emotional state and temperament of comments in these subreddits, which can be correlated to the effect of interactions on the post author. We also specifically focus on the polarity of the last comments in all threads to see the final emotional status of the author. 3. 2 Emotional toneIn a particular publication, that can be either a post or a document, the emotional intensity or tone is measured by a sentiment analysis tool called VADER.

Output: contrast


Input: Claim: Nature sounds can make any environment more peaceful and productive. [SEP] Text: To this end, the paper addresses two main questions: (1) what are the systemic land use dynamics in two strategic and contrasting case studies: Cesar and Caquetá, and (2) how can systemic innovation address land use conflicts? Our paper contributes to the existing literature by analyzing land use dynamics under a complex system approach that comprehensively maps the interactions and feedbacks related to land use changes. Through a case study comparison and using causal loop diagrams (CLDs) our paper sheds light on the land use dynamics in these two study regions. These CDLs also contribute to a better understanding of the interrelation between three subcomponents of the system: environmental, social, and economic [30, 32–34]. Case study backgroundColombia is located on the northwestern end of at latitude 4°06’56. 42" N and longitude of 72°55’48. 49"W. Colombia comprises 32 departments and the of Bogotá. Departments are subdivided into municipalities. The departments, in turn, can be grouped into six very distinct natural regions: Caribbean, Andean, Pacific, Orinoquía, Amazon, and Insular. We selected two conflict-affected departments of Colombia as case studies: one located in the Amazon region, Caquetá. This region covers 132,218 km2, or 11. 6% of the country’s surface. The other, Cesar, is located in the Caribbean region. This region covers 403,348 km2, or 35. 3% of the country´s surface (Fig 1). Download: PPTPowerPoint slidePNGlarger imageTIFForiginal imageFig 1. Study regions: Departments of Cesar and Caquetá. Elaborated by authors. America map obtained from GADM (free available at: and the Agricultural frontier of Cesar and Caquetá shape obtained from Unidad de Planificación Rural Agropecuaria–UPRA (free available at: The data contained in the table was taken from the following official sources in Colombia:. located in the southern region, is the third largest department in Colombia with an area equivalent to 7. 8% of the national territory, has an important role at national level due to its unique biological corridors and great variety of fauna and flora: it is considered to be one of the most mega-biodiverse departments in the country [35].

Output: pass


Input: Claim: Virtual reality is used in physical therapy to help patients regain mobility through guided exercises. [SEP] Text: The most frequently used devices are computer-based supported, such as -Fit (Kong et al. 2016; Simonsen et al. 2017). 2. 1. 1 Intervention with adult patients: upper limb stroke impairmentsThe majority studies have been with adults with a focus on stroke patients. The randomised controlled trial (RCT) of Kiper et al. (2018) with stroke patients demonstrated the effectiveness of reinforced feedback in non-IVR treatment, combined with CR for upper limb and compared with just CR. Similarly, Lee et al. (2018) investigated the effects of game-based non-IVR canoe paddling training, when combined with CR programs, on postural balance and upper limb function in stroke patients (n = 30). Results showed significant improvements compared with the baseline measurements and significantly greater improvement in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0. 05). Shahmoradi et al. (2021) presented a single before–after study to evaluate the impact of the non-IVR games on UL rehabilitation in chronic stroke patients (n = 10; mean age 52). The games had positive effects on the shoulder abduction (16. 26 ± 23. 94, p < 0. 02), adduction (59. 24 ± 74. 76, p < 0. 00), wrist supination (0. 06 ± 1. 34, p < 0. 03). As one of the first studies to evaluate the use of VR for ULMI rehabilitation after stroke, combining non-IVR and home-based approaches, Piron et al. (2009) compared a remotely controlled programme to treat motor deficits in post-stroke patients (n = 36) with CR. The experimental treatment was a non-IVR virtual reality-based system delivered via the Internet, which provided motor tasks to the patients from a remote rehabilitation facility with the therapist’s support. Results showed the Fugl-(FMA-UE) indicated a significantly higher improvement in post-treatment motor function in the experimental group. Based on self-directed therapy, a different approach was presented by Wittman et al. (2016), who conducted an open-label, single-group study with stroke patients (n = 11). The patients trained with an inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based non-IVR system (ArmeoSenso) in their homes for six weeks.

Output: corroborate