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README.md
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---
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license: apache-2.0
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language:
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- de
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pipeline_tag: text-generation
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tags:
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- german
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- deutsch
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- simplification
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- vereinfachung
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---
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# Model Card for Model ID
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<!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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This model was used in our experiments in our paper: [Elaborative Simplification for German-Language Texts](https://aclanthology.org/2024.sigdial-1.3).
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We have uploaded this model for transparency and replicability of our experiments.
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If however you are interested in German text simplification in general, we recommend [our more recent model](https://huggingface.co/hiig-piai/simba_best_092024).
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We fine-tuned [meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct) with a set of ca. 2000 newspaper articles which have been simplified by the Austrian Press Agency.
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This model was trained with the standard and the A2 level texts.
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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<!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
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- **Developed by:** Freya Hewett, Hadi Asghari
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- **Model type:** simplification model, text generation
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- **Language(s) (NLP):** German
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- **License:** Apache 2.0
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- **Finetuned from model:** meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct
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### Model Sources
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<!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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- **Repository:** [GermanElabSimplification](https://github.com/fhewett/GermanElabSimplification/tree/main)
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- **Paper:** [Elaborative Simplification for German-Language Texts](https://aclanthology.org/2024.sigdial-1.3)
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## Uses
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<!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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### Direct Use
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<!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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This model works best for simplifying German-language newspaper articles (news items, not commentaries or editorials). It may work for other types of texts.
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### Downstream Use
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<!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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We have fine-tuned using only newspaper articles. We have not yet performed extensive out-of-domain testing, but believe that the model's capabilities could be improved by fine-tuning on more diverse data.
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<!-- ### Out-of-Scope Use -->
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<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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As with most text generation models, the model sometimes produces information that is incorrect.
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### Recommendations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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Please check manually that your output text corresponds to the input text, as factual inconsistencies may have arisen.
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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To load the model using transformers:
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```
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
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import torch
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device = "cuda"
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("frhew/sigdial_ft_a2")
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model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("frhew/sigdial_ft_a2", torch_dtype=torch.float16).to(device)
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```
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We used the following prompt at inference to test our model:
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```
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<|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
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Du bist ein hilfreicher Assistent und hilfst dem User, Texte besser zu verstehen.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
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Kannst du bitte den folgenden Text zusammenfassen und sprachlich auf ein A2-Niveau in Deutsch vereinfachen? Schreibe maximal 5 Sätze.
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{input_text}<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
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```
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## Training Details
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### Training Data
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<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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A sample of the data used to train our model can be found [here](https://github.com/fhewett/apa-rst/tree/main/original_texts).
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#### Training Hyperparameters
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<!--- **Training regime:** Our training script can be found [here](https://github.com/fhewett/simba/blob/main/models/train_simba.py). -->
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<!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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<!-- #### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional] -->
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<!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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## Evaluation
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More details on the evaluation can be found in the paper.
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| \textbf{Model} | \textbf{Prompt} | \textbf{Test set} | \textbf{SARI $\uparrow$} | \textbf{FRE $\uparrow$} | \textbf{M.P. $\uparrow$} | \textbf{S $\uparrow$} | \textbf{C $\uparrow$} | \textbf{F $\uparrow$} | \textbf{Avg. $\uparrow$} |
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|----------------|-----------------|-------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|--------------------------|
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| Baseline | Basic$^{A2}$ | A2 | 41.2 | 59.4 | \textbf{.89} | .38 | \textbf{.96} | \textbf{.84} | \textbf{.77} |
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| FT-A2 | Basic$^{A2}$ | A2 | \textbf{44.0} | \textbf{70.6} | .49 | \textbf{.82} | .56 | .64 | .63 |
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| Baseline | Basic$^{B1}$ | B1 | 42.3 | 56.8 | \textbf{.85} | .4 | \textbf{.9} | \textbf{.9} | \textbf{.76} |
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| FT-B1 | Basic$^{B1}$ | B1 | \textbf{42.4} | \textbf{60.0} | .75 | \textbf{.55} | .6 | .75 | .66 |
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#### Summary
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## Citation [optional]
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**BibTeX:**
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@inproceedings{hewett-etal-2024-elaborative,
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title = "Elaborative Simplification for {G}erman-Language Texts",
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author = "Hewett, Freya and
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Asghari, Hadi and
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Stede, Manfred",
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editor = "Kawahara, Tatsuya and
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Demberg, Vera and
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Ultes, Stefan and
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Inoue, Koji and
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Mehri, Shikib and
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Howcroft, David and
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Komatani, Kazunori",
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booktitle = "Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue",
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month = sep,
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year = "2024",
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address = "Kyoto, Japan",
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publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
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url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.sigdial-1.3",
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doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.sigdial-1.3",
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pages = "29--39"}
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**APA:**
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Freya Hewett, Hadi Asghari, and Manfred Stede. 2024. Elaborative Simplification for German-Language Texts. In Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue, pages 29–39, Kyoto, Japan. Association for Computational Linguistics.
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## Model Card Contact
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frhew
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