kalandis_hamilton
Phospholipids are _________ molecules, containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
amphipathic
The plasma membrane exhibits ____________, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others
selective permeability
The _____________ states that the membrane is a mosaic of protein molecules bobbing in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids
fluid mosaic model
The ___________ is one type of active transport system
sodium-potassium pump
occurs when active transport of a solute indirectly drives transport of other solutes
Cotransport
the cell takes in molecules and particulate matter by forming new vesicles from the plasma membrane
endocytosis
"cellular eating"
"cellular drinking"
pinocytosis
Earl W. Sutherland suggested that cells receiving signals undergo these processes
*Reception
*Transduction
*Response
allows passage of hydrophilic substances across the membrane
Transport proteins
Channel proteins called __________ facilitate the passage of water
aquaporins
the tendency for molecules to spread out evenly into the available space
Substances diffuse down their ___________, from where it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated
concentration gradient
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane is ___________ because no energy is expended by the cell to make it happen
passive transport
the diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane
the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water
Tonicity
Solute concentration is the same as inside the cell; no net water movement across the plasma membrane
Isotonic solution
Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water
Hypertonic solution
Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water
Hypotonic solution
the control of solute concentrations and water balance, is a necessary adaptation for life in such environments
Osmoregulation
A plant cell in a hypotonic solution swells until the wall opposes uptake; the cell is now __________ (very firm)
turgid
If a plant cell and its surroundings are isotonic, there is no net movement of water into the cell; the cell becomes ___________ (limp) and the plant may wilt
flaccid
In a hypertonic environment, plant cells lose water; eventually, the membrane pulls away from the wall, a usually lethal effect called ___________
plasmolysis
transport proteins speed the passive movement of molecules across the plasma membrane
facilitated diffusion
Channel proteins include
*Aquaporins, for facilitated diffusion of water
*Ion channels that open or close in response to a stimulus (gated channels)
moves substances against their concentration gradients
BIO 111 Mastering Biology: HW1
BIO 111 Chapter 1 Notes
BIO 169 Cardiovascular System Review
BIO 169 Chapter 21
BIO 169 Lab quizzes 3&4
Following the hot vacuum forming of a paper-pulp mixture, the product, an egg carton, is transported on a conveyor for 18 s toward the entrance of a gas-fired oven where it is dried to a desired final water content. Very little water evaporates during the travel time. So, to increase the productivity of the line, it is proposed that a bank of infrared radiation heaters, which provide a uniform radiant flux of $5000 \mathrm{W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}$, be installed over the conveyor. The carton has an exposed area of $0.0625 \mathrm{m}^{2}$ and a mass of 0.220 kg, 75% of which is water after the forming process. The chief engineer of your plant will approve the purchase of the heaters if they can reduce the water content by 10% of the total mass. Would you recommend the purchase? Assume the heat of vaporization of water is $h_{f g}=2400 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{kg}$.
Object A has mass $m_{A}=7 \mathrm{kg}$ and initial momentum $\vec{p}_{A, i}=\langle 17,-5,0\rangle \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s},$ just before it strikes object B, which has mass $m_{B}=11 \mathrm{kg}.$ Object B has initial momentum $\vec{p}_{B, i}=\langle 4,6,0\rangle kg. \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}.$ After the collision, object A is observed to have final momentum $\vec{p}_{A, f}=\langle 13,3,0\rangle \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}.$ In the following questions, "initial" refers to values before the collisions, and "final" refers to values after the collision. Consider a system consisting of both objects A and B. Calculate the following quantities: The total final kinetic energy of the system.
Calculate the $\mathrm{pH}$ at the points in the titration of $25.00 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.160 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}$ when\ (a) $10.00 \mathrm{~mL}$
A beam of light has a wavelength of $650 \mathrm{~nm}$ in vacuum. (b) What is the wavelength of these waves in the liquid?
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