The Course of Schema Activation in Processing of Humor Text
유머텍스트 처리에서 스키마의 활성화 과정
Choi, Young-Geon ;
Shin, Hyun-Jung
최영건 (경북보건대학교 작업치료과) ;
신현정 (부산대학교 심리학과)
Though most researchers studying humor in recent years agree that 'incongruity' is essential factor of humor elicitation, they have different views in the course of schema activation in processing humor text. One of the different views on schema activation in processing humor text is wether schemata are activated concurrently or selectively. While concurrent activation view suggests that different schemata are concurrently activated because we perceive them at the same time, selective activation view suggests that different schemata are selectively activated because we use selective attention for their perception. This study was conducted to verify these two different views. We clarified that different schemata were activated in processing of humor text, and we examined whether Vaid's experiment failed or not. Experiment was designed mixed 2 (schema1, schema2) ${\times}$ 3 (setup, incongruity, resolution) ${\times}$ (humor, control) factorial design and latin square counterbalancing. As a result of experiment, we got data that different schemata were activated in the course of 'Incongruity' at the same time. Most of all, the activated schemata were kept activation in the course of 'Resolution'. This result suggest that different schemata were activated concurrently.
Humor;Schema;Concurrent Activation View;Selective Activation View
구현정, "유머 담화의 구조와 생성 기제", 한글학회, 제248권, pp.159-184, 2002.
임지원, "유머담화의 생성기제와 제약조건", 우리어문연구, 제28권, pp.129-157, 2007.
한성일, "유머 텍스트의 구조와 원리", 한국화법학회, 제7권, pp.147-171, 2004.
한성일, "유머 텍스트의 응결성과 응집성", 겨레어문학, 제37권, pp.35-63, 2006.
D. L. Long and A. C. Graesser, "Wit and humor in discourse processing", Diacourse Processing, Vol.11, pp.35-60, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1080/01638538809544690
N. R. Norrick, "A frame-theoretical analysis verbal humor", Semiotica, Vol.60, pp.225-245, 1986.
V. Raskin, Semantic Mechanism of Humor, Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1985.
Ross Alison, The Language of Humor, London/New York: Routledge, 1998.
J. A. Simson and E. S. C. Weinner, The Oxford English dictionary(2nd ed. 7), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989.
신현정 역, 유머심리학: 통합적 접근, 서울: 박학사, 2008.
R. A. Martin, The psychology of humor: An Integrative Approach, MA; Academic Press, 2006.
A. Koestler, The act of creation, London: Hutchinson, 1964.
M. J. Apter, The experience of motivation: The Theory of Psychological Reversal, London: Academic Press, 1982.
M. Godkewitsch, Correlates of humor: Verbal and nonverbal aesthetic reactions as functions of semantic distance within adjective-none pairs, In Berlyne, D. F. (Ed.). Studies in the New Experimental Aesthetics: Steps Towards an Objective Psychology of Aesthetic Appreciations, pp.279-304, Washington DC: Hemisphere, 1974.
D. E. Berlyne, Humor and its kin, In J. H. Goldstein and P. E. McGhee, (Eds.). The psychological of humor: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Issues, pp.43-60, New York: Academic Press, 1972.
T. R. Schultz, "The role of incongruity and resolution in children's appreciation of cartoon humor", Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, Vol.13, No.3, pp.456-477, 1972. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(72)90074-4
J. M. Suls, A two-stage model for application of jokes and cartoon: An information-processing analysis, In Goldstein, J. H. and McGhee, P. E. (Eds.). The Psychology of Humor: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Issues, pp.81-100, New York: Academic press, 1972.
손세모돌, "유머 형성의 원리와 방법", 한양어문, 제17권, pp.5-34, 1999.
G. Forabosco, "Cognitive aspect of humor process: The concept of incongruity", Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, Vol.5, No.2, pp.45-68, 1992.
신현정, 개념과 범주화, 서울: 아카넷, 2000.
F. C. Bartlett, Remembering, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1932.
Piaget, The Language and the Thought of the Child, New York: Harcourt Brace, 1926.
D. E. Rumelhart, Schemata: The building block of cognition, In R. J. Sprio, B. C. Bruce, and W. F. Brewer (Eds.), Theoretical Issue in Reading Comprehension, Hillsadale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1980.
P. Shammi and D. T. Stuss, "Humor appreciation: a role of the right frontal lobe", Brain, Vol.122, pp.657-666, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/122.4.657
S. Attrado, "The semantic foundations of cognitive theories of humor", Humor, Vol.10, pp.395-420, 1997.
B. Nerlich and D. D. Clarke, "Ambiguities we lived by: towards a pragmatics of polysemy," Journal of Pragmatics, Vol.33, pp.1-20, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00132-0
R. S. Wyer and J. E. Collins, "A theory of humor elicitation", Psychological Review, Vol.99, No.4, pp.663-688, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.99.4.663
S. Coulson and M. Kutas, "Getting it: human event-related brain response to jokes in good and poor comprehenders", Neuroscience Letters, Vol.316, pp.71-74, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(01)02387-4
R. Giora, "On the cognitive aspects of the joke," Journal of Pragmatics, Vol.16, pp.465-485, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(91)90137-M
R. Vaid, R. Hull, R. Heredia, D. Gerkens, and F. Martinez, "Getting a joke: the time course of meaning activation in verbal humor", Journal of Pragmatics, Vol.35, pp.1431-1449, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(02)00184-4
T. R. Schultz, A cognitive- developmental analysis of humor, In Champman, A. J. and Foot, H. C. (Eds.). Humor and laughter: Theory, research, and applications, pp.11-36, London: John Wiley and Sons, 1976.
M. Stewart and R. Heredia, "Comprehending spoken metaphoric reference: A real-time analysis", Journal of Personality and Experimental Psychology, Vol.49, pp.34-44, 2002.
신현정 역, 실험심리학, 서울: 박학사, 2003.
M. Minsky, A framework for representing knowledge, In Winston, P. H. (Eds.). The Psychology of Computer Version, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975.
R. Schank and R. Abelson, Script, Plans, Goals and Understanding, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1977.
S. Attrado and V. Raskin, "Script theory revised: Joke similarity and joke representation model," Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, Vol.15, No1, pp.3-46, 1991.
이선웅, "TV 코미디 프로그램의 유머 분석", 한국어문학회, 제89권, pp.1-26, 2005.
이종은, "유머 광고의 효과에 관한 연구", 한국 전통 상학연구, 제13권, 제1호, pp.89-112, 1999.
H. Brownell, D. Michel, J. Powelson, and H. Gardner, "Surprise but not coherence: Sensitivity to verbal human in right-hemisphere patients," Brain Lang, Vol.18, pp.20-27, 1983. https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-934X(83)90002-0
박상진, "인터넷 배너 광고의 유머 표현 분석", 한국콘텐츠학회논문지, 제11권, 제2호, pp.170-177, 2011.
이원석, "유머만화와 풍자만화의 서사구조 비교 연구-네칸만화 중심으로-", 한국콘텐츠학회 2006 추계종합학술대회 논문집, 제4권, 제2호, pp.213-217, 2006.
강은진, "모 윌렘스의 그림책에 나타난 유머분석", 한국콘텐츠학회논문지, 제14권, 제10호, pp.374-384, 2014.
이경란, 박지혜, "유머감각, 유머대처 및 내외통제성이 노인의 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향", 한국콘텐츠학회논문지, 제14권, 제12호, pp.243-253, 2014.