Only show content I have access to (76)
Only show open access (5)
Chapters (13)
Over 3 years (148)
Psychiatry (50)
Physics and Astronomy (44)
Earth and Environmental Sciences (21)
Materials Research (20)
Statistics and Probability (7)
European Psychiatry (31)
MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive (14)
Animal Science (13)
Clay Minerals (10)
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union (9)
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (8)
Journal of Materials Research (6)
Epidemiology & Infection (5)
Mineralogical Magazine (5)
Psychological Medicine (5)
The British Journal of Psychiatry (5)
British Journal of Nutrition (4)
Journal of Plasma Physics (3)
Laser and Particle Beams (3)
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology (3)
Advances in X-ray Analysis (2)
European Journal of Anaesthesiology (2)
Weed Science (2)
Weed Technology (2)
Cambridge University Press (13)
European Psychiatric Association (31)
BSAS (24)
Materials Research Society (20)
Mineralogical Society (15)
International Astronomical Union (13)
The Royal College of Psychiatrists (4)
Weed Science Society of America (4)
Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Society (2)
Nutrition Society (2)
Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (2)
The Australian Society of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (2)
American Academy of Cerebral and Developmental Medicine (1)
Animal consortium (1)
Applied Probability Trust (1)
Entomological Society of Canada TCE ESC (1)
European Microwave Association (1)
Fauna & Flora International - Oryx (1)
Royal College of Psychiatrists / RCPsych (1)
TestSociety (1)
World and Regional Geology (2)
Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology (1)
Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology (1)
Systematics Association Special Volume Series (1)
Cambridge Handbooks (1)
Cambridge Handbooks of Psychology (1)
Fast-ion physics in SPARC
Status of the SPARC Physics Basis
S. D. Scott, G. J. Kramer, E. A. Tolman, A. Snicker, J. Varje, K. Särkimäki, J. C. Wright, P. Rodriguez-Fernandez
Journal: Journal of Plasma Physics / Volume 86 / Issue 5 / October 2020
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 September 2020, 865860508
Potential loss of energetic ions including alphas and radio-frequency tail ions due to classical orbit effects and magnetohydrodynamic instabilities (MHD) are central physics issues in the design and experimental physics programme of the SPARC tokamak. The expected loss of fusion alpha power due to ripple-induced transport is computed for the SPARC tokamak design by the ASCOT and SPIRAL orbit-simulation codes, to assess the expected surface heating of plasma-facing components. We find good agreement between the ASCOT and SPIRAL simulation results not only in integrated quantities (fraction of alpha power loss) but also in the spatial, temporal and pitch-angle dependence of the losses. If the toroidal field (TF) coils are well-aligned, the SPARC edge ripple is small (0.15–0.30 %), the computed ripple-induced alpha power loss is small ( ${\sim } 0.25\,\%$) and the corresponding peak surface power density is acceptable ( $244\ \textrm{kW}\ \textrm {m}^{-2}$). However, the ripple and ripple-induced losses increase strongly if the TF coils are assumed to suffer increasing magnitudes of misalignment. Surface heat loads may become problematic if the TF coil misalignment approaches the centimetre level. Ripple-induced losses of the energetic ion tail driven by ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating are not expected to generate significant wall or limiter heating in the nominal SPARC plasma scenario. Because the expected classical fast-ion losses are small, SPARC will be able to observe and study fast-ion redistribution due to MHD including sawteeth and Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). SPARC's parameter space for AE physics even at moderate $Q$ is shown to reasonably overlap that of the demonstration power plant ARC (Sorbom et al., Fusion Engng Des., vol. 100, 2015, p. 378), and thus measurements of AE mode amplitude, spectrum and associated fast-ion transport in SPARC would provide relevant guidance about AE behaviour expected in ARC.
Overview of the SPARC tokamak
A. J. Creely, M. J. Greenwald, S. B. Ballinger, D. Brunner, J. Canik, J. Doody, T. Fülöp, D. T. Garnier, R. Granetz, T. K. Gray, C. Holland, N. T. Howard, J. W. Hughes, J. H. Irby, V. A. Izzo, G. J. Kramer, A. Q. Kuang, B. LaBombard, Y. Lin, B. Lipschultz, N. C. Logan, J. D. Lore, E. S. Marmar, K. Montes, R. T. Mumgaard, C. Paz-Soldan, C. Rea, M. L. Reinke, P. Rodriguez-Fernandez, K. Särkimäki, F. Sciortino, S. D. Scott, A. Snicker, P. B. Snyder, B. N. Sorbom, R. Sweeney, R. A. Tinguely, E. A. Tolman, M. Umansky, O. Vallhagen, J. Varje, D. G. Whyte, J. C. Wright, S. J. Wukitch, J. Zhu, the SPARC Team
The SPARC tokamak is a critical next step towards commercial fusion energy. SPARC is designed as a high-field ( $B_0 = 12.2$ T), compact ( $R_0 = 1.85$ m, $a = 0.57$ m), superconducting, D-T tokamak with the goal of producing fusion gain $Q>2$ from a magnetically confined fusion plasma for the first time. Currently under design, SPARC will continue the high-field path of the Alcator series of tokamaks, utilizing new magnets based on rare earth barium copper oxide high-temperature superconductors to achieve high performance in a compact device. The goal of $Q>2$ is achievable with conservative physics assumptions ( $H_{98,y2} = 0.7$) and, with the nominal assumption of $H_{98,y2} = 1$, SPARC is projected to attain $Q \approx 11$ and $P_{\textrm {fusion}} \approx 140$ MW. SPARC will therefore constitute a unique platform for burning plasma physics research with high density ( $\langle n_{e} \rangle \approx 3 \times 10^{20}\ \textrm {m}^{-3}$), high temperature ( $\langle T_e \rangle \approx 7$ keV) and high power density ( $P_{\textrm {fusion}}/V_{\textrm {plasma}} \approx 7\ \textrm {MW}\,\textrm {m}^{-3}$) relevant to fusion power plants. SPARC's place in the path to commercial fusion energy, its parameters and the current status of SPARC design work are presented. This work also describes the basis for global performance projections and summarizes some of the physics analysis that is presented in greater detail in the companion articles of this collection.
Predictions of core plasma performance for the SPARC tokamak
P. Rodriguez-Fernandez, N. T. Howard, M. J. Greenwald, A. J. Creely, J. W. Hughes, J. C. Wright, C. Holland, Y. Lin, F. Sciortino, the SPARC team
SPARC is designed to be a high-field, medium-size tokamak aimed at achieving net energy gain with ion cyclotron range-of-frequencies (ICRF) as its primary auxiliary heating mechanism. Empirical predictions with conservative physics indicate that SPARC baseline plasmas would reach $Q\approx 11$, which is well above its mission objective of $Q>2$. To build confidence that SPARC will be successful, physics-based integrated modelling has also been performed. The TRANSP code coupled with the theory-based trapped gyro-Landau fluid (TGLF) turbulence model and EPED predictions for pedestal stability find that $Q\approx 9$ is attainable in standard H-mode operation and confirms $Q > 2$ operation is feasible even with adverse assumptions. In this analysis, ion cyclotron waves are simulated with the full wave TORIC code and alpha heating is modelled with the Monte–Carlo fast ion NUBEAM module. Detailed analysis of expected turbulence regimes with linear and nonlinear CGYRO simulations is also presented, demonstrating that profile predictions with the TGLF reduced model are in reasonable agreement.
Development of a dynamic energy-partitioning model for enteric methane emissions and milk production in goats using energy balance data from indirect calorimetry studies
C. Fernández, I. Hernando, E. Moreno-Latorre, J. J. Loor
Journal: animal / Volume 14 / Issue S2 / August 2020
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 June 2020, pp. s382-s395
The main objective of this study was to develop a dynamic energy balance model for dairy goats to describe and quantify energy partitioning between energy used for work (milk) and that lost to the environment. Increasing worldwide concerns regarding livestock contribution to global warming underscore the importance of improving energy efficiency utilization in dairy goats by reducing energy losses in feces, urine and methane (CH4). A dynamic model of CH4 emissions from experimental energy balance data in goats is proposed and parameterized (n = 48 individual animal observations). The model includes DM intake, NDF and lipid content of the diet as explanatory variables for CH4 emissions. An additional data set (n = 122 individual animals) from eight energy balance experiments was used to evaluate the model. The model adequately (root MS prediction error, RMSPE) represented energy in milk (E-milk; RMSPE = 5.6%), heat production (HP; RMSPE = 4.3%) and CH4 emissions (E-CH4; RMSPE = 11.9%). Residual analysis indicated that most of the prediction errors were due to unexplained variations with small mean and slope bias. Some mean bias was detected for HP (1.12%) and E-CH4 (1.27%) but was around zero for E-milk (0.14%). The slope bias was zero for HP (0.01%) and close to zero for E-milk (0.10%) and E-CH4 (0.22%). Random bias was >98% for E-CH4, HP and E-milk, indicating non-systematic errors and that mechanisms in the model are properly represented. As predicted energy increased, the model tended to underpredict E-CH4 and E-milk. The model is a first step toward a mechanistic description of nutrient use by goats and is useful as a research tool for investigating energy partitioning during lactation. The model described in this study could be used as a tool for making enteric CH4 emission inventories for goats.
Novel monopole antenna on a single AMC cell for low SAR
G. Bulla, A. A. de Salles, C. Fernández-Rodríguez
Journal: International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies / Volume 12 / Issue 9 / November 2020
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 April 2020, pp. 825-830
Print publication: November 2020
Add to cart £25.00 Added to cart An error has occurred,
The design, simulations, and optimized results for a novel low specific absorption rate (SAR) monopole antenna on a single artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) cell are described in this paper. Simulated results show a reduction close to 70% in the 1 g ps SAR for the developed monopole antenna with the AMC in comparison to the monopole antenna without AMC. This allows higher radiation efficiency, battery drain reduction as well as mobile terminal user health risks reduction.
Patterns of care and dropout rates from outpatient mental healthcare in low-, middle- and high-income countries from the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative
Daniel Fernández, Daniel Vigo, Nancy A. Sampson, Irving Hwang, Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola, Ali O. Al-Hamzawi, Jordi Alonso, Laura Helena Andrade, Evelyn J. Bromet, Giovanni de Girolamo, Peter de Jonge, Silvia Florescu, Oye Gureje, Hristo Hinkov, Chiyi Hu, Elie G. Karam, Georges Karam, Norito Kawakami, Andrzej Kiejna, Viviane Kovess-Masfety, Maria E. Medina-Mora, Fernando Navarro-Mateu, Akin Ojagbemi, Siobhan O'Neill, Marina Piazza, Jose Posada-Villa, Charlene Rapsey, David R. Williams, Miguel Xavier, Yuval Ziv, Ronald C. Kessler, Josep M. Haro
Journal: Psychological Medicine , First View
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 April 2020, pp. 1-13
There is a substantial proportion of patients who drop out of treatment before they receive minimally adequate care. They tend to have worse health outcomes than those who complete treatment. Our main goal is to describe the frequency and determinants of dropout from treatment for mental disorders in low-, middle-, and high-income countries.
Respondents from 13 low- or middle-income countries (N = 60 224) and 15 in high-income countries (N = 77 303) were screened for mental and substance use disorders. Cross-tabulations were used to examine the distribution of treatment and dropout rates for those who screened positive. The timing of dropout was examined using Kaplan–Meier curves. Predictors of dropout were examined with survival analysis using a logistic link function.
Dropout rates are high, both in high-income (30%) and low/middle-income (45%) countries. Dropout mostly occurs during the first two visits. It is higher in general medical rather than in specialist settings (nearly 60% v. 20% in lower income settings). It is also higher for mild and moderate than for severe presentations. The lack of financial protection for mental health services is associated with overall increased dropout from care.
Extending financial protection and coverage for mental disorders may reduce dropout. Efficiency can be improved by managing the milder clinical presentations at the entry point to the mental health system, providing adequate training, support and specialist supervision for non-specialists, and streamlining referral to psychiatrists for more severe cases.
P02-271 - Psychiatric Trainning as a "Rite of Passage": a Field Study in Spain
R. Calero-Fernández, E. Serrano, M. Magariños, J. Picazo, C. Peláez, L. Fernández, M.J. Martín, I. García, R. Carmona, L. Caballero-Martínez
Journal: European Psychiatry / Volume 25 / Issue S1 / 2010
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 April 2020, p. 1
"Rite of passage" is an etnographic concept developed by VanGennep that defines the vital transition of an individual between two different status. It is divided in three stages: separation, liminal/threshold and aggregation. Turner described the liminal phase, and the terms of "communitas" and "liminoid" (structure of a rite without religious/spiritual elements). One widely-known Rite of Passage is the initiation of the shamans.
Objetives
Study the elements of a rite of passage present in Psychiatric Trainning.
• Field study (observational, descriptive, non-experimental).
• Preliminary Sample=10trainees (5man+5women); last year of Psychiatric Trainning.
• "ad hoc" semi-structured interview (21items subdivided in open questions). 10interviews (average duration=75mins). Permanent register:digital recorder.
• Summary and analysis of the answers. Review of the literature.
- Psychiatric Trainning shared the elements and tri-phasic structure of VanGennep's "rite of passage" concept
- Trainees saw themselves as more empathic(7/10) and humanistic(8/10) than other specialties colleagues. Stigma towards mental illness(8/10) and fear of suicide(9/10) were also considered as their distinctives.
- The collective behaved as a communitas(10/10)
- No spiritual elements(0/10): liminoid process
- Resemblances of the ancestral shamans' Initiation: Despite bloody practices were over, suffering was also present(7/10), but was seen as necessary(6/10) and well tolerated(7/10).
- Trainees felt that they grew spiritual and mentally(7/10) during the trainning years
Results suggest that Psychiatric Trainning has stable phenomena that:
• are compatible with the Rite of Passage schema
• Are considered exclusive of Psychiatry by trainees
• Have not been systematically studied as a whole, which could help to improve the training.
P02-287 - Primary Prevention in Depression. How to Inform Primary Care Attendees About Their Risk Level and Risk Profile of Major Depression?
P. Moreno-Peral, J. Bellon, E. Motrico, B. Moreno-Küstner, B. Oliván-Blazquez, A. Fernández, C. Fernández, A. Rüntel, A. Rodriguez, M. Ballesta, J. Payo, M. Amezcua
The predictD study is a pioneering international study whose main objective was to develop a risk index for the onset of major depression in general practice attendees.
The aim of this exploratory study was to determine the opinion of primary care attendees and their general practitioners about how to implement primary prevention of major depression. The intervention consisted of informing primary care attendees about their risk level and risk profile for the onset of major depression.
The study participants were primary care attendees and general practitioners in urban health centres of 7 Spanish provinces. The methodology used was qualitative: there were 14 in-depth interviews (two from each province), 7 DAFO groups and 7 focus groups.
The results showed that attendees generally welcomed this precautionary measure. Some even proposed potential changes in their lifestyles to prevent depression, such as improving social relationships, taking things more calmly or doing more leisure activities, while others asked their GP for advice. The GPs were more resistant about informing primary care attendees, raising doubts about the validity-reliability of the instrument, their lack of education about what they should or should not advise their attendees, the danger of creating excessive fear in their attendees, or the barrier of lack of time in the office to do these activities.
Primary care attendees welcome this preventive measure more than their general practitioners.
P01-181 - Anthropometric Paramethers in Males with Eating Disorder
R. Calero-Fernández, L. García-Murillo, M.J. Martín, V. Costarelli, C. Peláez, J. Picazo, L. Fernández, L. Caballero-Martínez, M. Graell-Berna
Most of the studies about Eating Disorders in adolescents have been typically focused on females, only to conclude that the approach should be similar in males. It has been stimated that 5-10% of patients with Anorexia Nervosa are males. Later age of onset and higher prevalence of premorbid overweight are considered among the main differences with female patients.
Analysis of the anthropometric variables of a sample of males with diagnosis of Restrictive Eating Disorder.
Naturalistic, Descriptive and Retrospective study
- Sample: 22 male adolescents
- Inclusion criteria: males with Restrictive Eating Disorder diagnosis (according to DSM-IV criteria) admitted to an Eating Disorder ward during 2007 and 2008
- "ad hoc" questionnaire (15 items)
- Analysis: PASW statistics 18
Age range: 7-14years (medium age=14,79±2,50years).11 patients (50%) were older than 16 years-old
- Medium BMI (Body Mass Index) at the beginning of the admission was 17,79kg/m2.
medium weight loss: 13,5±7,02kg/m2 (corresponding to a reduction of 22,24±7,52% of the previous weight)
- Medium speed of weight loss: 0,92±1,1kg/54
- BMI at discharge: 18,69 ±3,43 kg/m2
- 19/22 patients (86%) had a premorbid history of overweight
- Binge eating: 8 patients (36,4%)
- Purgative behaviour: 10 patients (45%)
- Laxatives use: 4 patients (18%)
- Intense physical exercise: 21 patients (95,5%)
- Average duration of current restrictive episode: 13,7 months
In the studied sample we observed:
- High prevalence of premobid overweight
- Very high frequency of compulsive exercise
- Drastic weight loss and loss of a very high percentage of the previous weight, in short periods of time, reaching very low BMI.
P0348 - Meta-analysis on drugs in people with eating disorders
A. Calero, I. Krug, K. Davis, C. Lopez, F. Fernandez- Aranda, J. Treasure
Journal: European Psychiatry / Volume 23 / Issue S2 / April 2008
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 April 2020, p. S184
To examine whether drug use (DU) is higher in people with eating disorders (EDs) than in matched comparison groups and to collate, summarize and perform a meta analysis where possible on the literature related to DU in people with EDs.
We searched electronic databases including Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL and reviewed studies published from 1994 to August, 2007, in English, German or Spanish against a priori inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 248 papers were eligible for inclusion. Only a total of 16 papers fulfilled all the inclusion criteria and were finally included in the systematic review.
The meta-analysis including all the different drugs for every sort of ED revealed a negligible albeit significant (z=2.34, p<.05), pooled standardized effect size of 0.119. The data showed a high degree of heterogeneity across the studies (X2(74)= 1267.61, p<.001). When ED subdiagnoses were assessed individually, DU was found to be higher in people with bulimia nervosa (BN) as a moderate sized increase in DU was found in this ED subtype (δ =0.462, z=6.69, p=<.001). People with binge eating disorder (BED) had a small increased risk of DU (δ =0.14, z=2.28, p<.05). In contrast, people with anorexia nervosa (AN) had a lower risk of DU (δ=-.167, z=1.81, p=.070, p=NS).
The differential risk observed in BN patients might be related to differences in temperament or might be the result of reward sensitisation as a result of the ED behaviours specifically associated with BN.
P0355 - Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa: A controlled study
F. Fernandez-Aranada, J. Santamaria, A. Nunez, C. Martinez, I. Krug, M. Cappozzo, I. Carrard, P. Rouget, S. Jimenez-Murcia, R. Granero, E. Penelo, T. Lam
To examine the effectiveness of an Internet Based Therapy (IBT) for Bulimia Nervosa (BN), when compared to a brief psychoeducational group therapy (PET) or a waiting list (WL).
93 female BN patients, diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. An experimental group (31 IBT patients) was compared to two groups (31 PET and 31 WL). PET and WL were matched to the IBT group in terms of age, disorder duration, previous treatments and severity. All patients completed assesment, prior and after treatment.
Considering IBT, mean scores were lower at the end of treatment for some EDI scales and BITE symptoms scale, while the mean BMI was higher at post-therapy. Main predictors of good IBT outcome were higher scores in EDI perfectionism and higher scores on reward dependence. Drop-out was related to higher SCL-obsessive/compulsive (p=0.045) and novelty seeking (p=0.044) scores and lower reward dependence (p=0.018). At the end of the treatment bingeing and vomiting abstinence rates (22.6% for IBT, 33.3% for PET, and 0.0% for WL; p=0.003) and drop-out rates (35.5% IBT, 12.9% PET and 0% WL; p= 0.001) differed significantly between groups. While the concrete comparison between the two treatments (IBT and PET) did not evidence significant differences for success proportions (p=0.375), statistical differences for drop-out rates (p=0.038) were obtained.
The results of this study suggest that an online self-help approach appears to be a valid treatment option for BN, especially for people who present lower severity of their eating disorder (ED) symptomatology and some specific personality traits.
Self- perceived Health and Alzheimer Disease Incidence Risk. Data from a Population Based Cohort in Spain: NEDICES Study
F. Bermejo-Pareja, R. Trincado, C. Rodriguez, M. Fernandez, S. Vega, J. Morales-Gonzalez, J. Benito-Leon
Journal: European Psychiatry / Volume 24 / Issue S1 / January 2009
Self-perceived health is a well-recognised predictor of later health outcomes and mortality, but its relationship to incident dementia has been scarcely explored.
To analyze self- perceived health as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD) in a population- based survey of the elderly (NEDICES) Study.
Participants were evaluated at baseline (1994-1995) with a standardized questionnaire that included subjective and objective (chronic disorders) health status and screening questions for depression and neurologic disorders. At follow-up (a median of 3.2 years later in 1997-1998) an analogous protocol and neurological assessment were performed.
Of 5,278 participants evaluated at baseline there were 306 prevalent dementia cases, and 161 incident dementia cases were identified among 3,891 individuals assessed at follow-up (D: 115).
Cox hazard ratio analyses showed that age, stroke and illiteracy were independent risk factors for dementia and AD. Aggregation of vascular risk factors was related to a higher risk of both dementia and AD. Good (and very good) versus less than good (fair, bad and very bad) self-perceived health was an independent risk factor for dementia (CI 95% 1.13- 2.16; p= .006) and AD (CI 95% 1.02- 2.18; p= .038) after adjusting by age, sex education and vascular risk factors.
Self-perceived health increased the risk for incident dementia and AD in the NEDICES cohort as it was previously described in the United Kindom MRC- CFA Study of dementia incidence. Global health measurements (self-perceived health, quality of life) needs farther studies as risk for dementia and AD.
Agression in a Dynamically Oriented Crisis Unit. Management and Evolution
J. Guimón, C. Mauruottolo, F. Moneo, J.A. Fernandez, A. Boyra
Acute episodes are treated in AMSA psychiatric services in a emergency service including a call center, domicilliary visits, a crisis unit, three short-term day hospitals and a short-term stay unit in a general hospital. an Intensive Brief Dynamic Group Therapy is offered in the units allowing for a decreased appearance of self and hetero aggression in patients both during the crisis and after one year as shown in a follow-up study.
Partial hospitalization and outcome of anorexia nervosa
C. Rodriguez, B. Fernandez-Corres, M.-J. Perez, A. Iruin, A. Gonzalez-Pinto
Journal: European Psychiatry / Volume 17 / Issue 4 / July 2002
P0134 - Bipolar depression. Characteristics in a first episode of bipolar sample
J. Mayoral-van Son, J. Artal Simon, P. Caballero, T. Moreno, O. Fernandez Torre, S. Gonzalez Gonzalez, C. Villacorta, J.L. Vázquez-Barquero
Background and Aims:
Depression is highly recurrent in Bipolar patients, causes more disability than other manifestations of the illness and depressive symptoms predominate over manic and hypomanic symptoms. Our aim is to describe whether in our sample we can find some specific differences from the early course of the illness.
33 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria of Bipolar Disorder I and II whose illness onset was less than 5 years from the first Manic/ hyponamic episode or/and less than 10years from the index depressive episode. Recorded variables included socio-demographic, clinical, treatment characteristics and scales (HRSD, YMRS, BPRS, GAF).Analysis was performed using SPSS Version 12.0.
57.6% were male, 42.4% female, mean age 34.42 years. 2 Patients (6.2%) were depressed when inclusion and 8.8% had had a depressive episode before were included in our Program.
The mean number of depressive episodes was 1.88 (SD 3.58). Only 1 patient had had self-harm intent. 15.2% has first degree family history of Unipolar depressive disorder and 20% of Bipolar disorder. 6.2% were hospitalized because a depressive episode.
We found less rates of depressive episodes than we found in the literature with less sub-syndromal and syndromal depressive symptoms than in routine bipolar population that could be explained by the short course of the illness in our sample. More research should be done to study bipolar depression in early phases to find predictors that help us to decrease the high impact it has in the disorder.
EPA-1652 – Sexuality and Emotional Life in People with Severe Long-term Mental Disorders
A.L. Montejo, C. Montero Fernandez, J. Pol Rodriguez, I. Esquer Terrazas, O. Romero del Río, L.C. Fernandez Martin, V. Dutil Muñoz, J.A. Alonso, A. Martín, V. Gomez Warletta
Sexuality and emotional life are rarely focus on attention in people suffering from severe long-term mental diseases like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
53 patients and 47 matched controls were studied using a new questionnaire (SEXSAM Scale) measuring relevance of sexual and emotional relationships in patients' daily life. A specific Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (PRSexDQ-SALSEX Montejo 2001-2008), Sexual Activity Assessment Scale modified from Kinsey (Montejo 2006) and the HONOS Scale measuring bio-psychosocial functioning were also applied.
Sexuality (physic and emotional) was scored as high valuable and the main motivation for sexual activity was looking for love and fondness in both groups. No differences were found in the value of more affective behaviours such as kissing, caressing, hugging or massaging. Global satisfaction in sexual and emotional life was significantly superior in control group and linked to the higher frequency of sexual relations. Many patients suffered for sexual dysfunction related to the treatment use and many of then were dissatisfied with their sexual life. Just a few numbers of patients had regular sexual intercourses. Patients describe an improvement in the self-perception of mood, appetite, sleep, anxiety level, humour sense and self-esteem when they have sexual relations. Predominant sexual activity for patients was masturbation. Prostitution use was higher in patient group. All these findings are negatively influencing personal satisfaction and quality of life.
Relevance of sexual and emotional life in patients is as high as in normal population. These patients are more concerned about affection and companionship than about physical pleasure.
P-338 - General Population Knowledge of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Spanish Survey
C. Soutullo, T. Gasalla, J. Alda, T. Bonet, M. Fernández, J. Fuentes, J. López, L. Lostao, M. Mardomingo, F. Mulas, J. González, J. Ramos, P. Rodríguez
To quantify knowledge among the general Spanish population of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Material and method:
We developed a telephone-administered questionnaire to ask about ADHD (acronym and full name) on a spontaneous and suggested basis. Questions were asked relating to myths, symptoms, treatment, implications and healthcare professionals involved in the disease.The study sample was 770 adults (sample precision at national level 3.5) with no personal, familial or professional relationship to ADHD.
Only 4% of the subjects spontaneously answered the question about what ADHD means, while 85.3% identified the disease after we suggested what "ADHD" meant. Only 50% admitted that the disease represents a probably genetic brain disorder. A total of 39.6% believed that there was no treatment or healthcare intervention for ADHD. the intervention most often cited as being adequate was psychological treatment (48%), followed by multimodal therapy (44%). Only 12% mentioned medication. Thus, psychological intervention was regarded as the most effective option, followed by psychoeducational measures. Most of the subjects identified the psychologist as the professional indicated to treat ADHD, followed by the pediatrician, psychiatrist and neuropediatrician. Reasonable knowledge was observed in reference to affirmations / myths in ADHD (78.3–95.3%).
There are areas for improvement among the general population regarding knowledge of ADHD, its implications and treatment.
EPA-0294 – Can Alpha 1 Glycoproptein be Considered as a Marker of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Patients?
M. Henry-Benitez, A. Morera-Fumero, A. Henry-Gonzalez, A. Garcìa-Hernandez, L. Fernandez-Lopez, E. Diaz-Mesa, S. Yelmo-Cruz, C. Casariego-Ramìrez, N. Suarez-Benitez, R. Gracia-Marco, J. Monzon-Diaz, J.P. Girbau-Ronda
Recently, a renaissance of interest in 'negative symptoms' as emotional withdrawal or blunted affect, has occurred. Some investigators believe that these symptoms are important indicators of outcome, of response to treatment and of a distinct underlying pathologic process.
Research on the negative-symptom syndrome in schizophrenia has been handicapped until recently.
This research aims at studying whether acute phase proteins, precisely, Alpha1-glycoprotein, can be considered as a marker of negativesymptom in Schizophrenia.
29 chronic schizophrenics were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A routine blood test including Alpha1-glycoprotein levels was carried out.
Alpha1-glycoprotein shows a positive correlation, according to Pearson correlation coefficient, with the Negative Scale at an almost significant level (p=.05), and at a significant level in the following items, Blunted affect (p=.03), Passive/apathetic Social Withdrawal (p=.01) of the Negative spectrum and Poor Attention (p=.02) of the General Psychopathology Scale.
There is a significant correlation with two Negative variables and an almost significant one, spite of the small sample, with the Negative Scale. Further studies with bigger samples are needed in order to consider alpha1-glycoprotein as a schizophrenia negative psychopathology marker.
Association Between Low Serum Cholesterol and Impulsivity Behaviours in Eating Disorders Patients Compared with a Control Group
J. Gonzalez, L. Carral-Fernandez, I. Rio-Hortega, E. Gil-Camarero, A. Gonzalez-Gomez, P. Benito-Gonzalez, E. Garcia-Quevedo, C. Gonzalez-Ortiz, R. Sancristobal, I. Velar-Castellanos, G. Boteon, A. Gomez del Barrio
Journal: European Psychiatry / Volume 30 / Issue S1 / March 2015
Previous studies suggest a relationship between decreased serum cholesterollevels and impulsive/aggressive behaviors [1]; howeverwe found just one study in the literature based in eating disorder [2].
To investigate the potentialrelationship between lipid profile (cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides) andmeasures of impulsivity, aggression or suicidal behavior in a sample of nevertreated patient whit Eating disorder and healthy controls.
The first episode of eatingdisorders group consisted of 199 (age range 14-60) subjects included in DETECTAprogram of Cantabria, Spain, from 2011 to 2013. Other group of 199healthy controls were initially recruited from the community and matched by ageand gender. Socio-demographic information was collected for each subject. Clinicalcharacteristics were ascertained either from clinical charts or by directquestioning the study participants. Lifetime diagnosis of impulse control wasassessed with questionnaires developed ad hoc. Impulsivity was evaluated using self-administered questionnaires, EatingDisorder Inventory and Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory.
Differences found betweensubgroups did not differ from those shown in the literature, with higher levelsof impulsivity in the group of Bulimia. However in the partial correlation we did not find a relationship betweencholesterol levels and Impulsivity. We neither found this relationshipbetween suicide attempts, pathological gambling, compulsive buying disorder, self-harm or kleptomania.
Although the biological mechanism between plasma hypocholesterolemia andimpulsive behavior has not been fully elucidated this relationship has beenestablished in others pathologies [3], howeverin eating disorders so far, this theory has not been proved.
The Role of Personality and Pubertal Development in Eating Disorders: a European Discordant Sister-pair Study.
C. Paganini, I. Krug, M. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, G. Peterson, M. Anderluh, D. Collier, F. Fernandez-Aranda, A. Karwautz, G. Wagner, N. Micali, J. Treasure