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February 2021, 20(2): 467-494. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2020222
Response solutions to harmonic oscillators beyond multi–dimensional Brjuno frequency
Hongyu Cheng 1, and Shimin Wang 2,,
School of Mathematical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Received January 2020 Revised May 2020 Published February 2021 Early access December 2020
Fund Project: The first author was supported by NSFC (No. 12001294). The second author was partially supported by CSC (No. 201706220147) and NSFC (No. 12001397)
This paper focuses on the quasi–periodically forced nonlinear harmonic oscillators
$ \begin{equation*} \ddot{x}+\lambda^{2}x = \epsilon f(\omega t,x), \end{equation*} $
$ \lambda \in \mathcal{O} $
, a closed interval not containing zero, the forcing term
$ f $
is real analytic, and the frequency vector
$ \omega \in \mathbb{R}^d \, (d \geq 2) $
is beyond Brjuno frequency, which we call as Liouvillean frequency. For the given class of the frequency
$ \omega\in\mathbb{R}^{d}, $
which will be given later, we prove the existence of real analytic response solutions (the response solution is the quasi–periodic solution with the same frequency as the forcing) for the above equation. The proof is based on a modified KAM (Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser) theorem for finite–dimensional harmonic oscillator systems with Liouvillean frequency.
Keywords: Harmonic oscillators, Liouvillean frequency, quasi–periodic solutions, Hamiltonian system, KAM theorem.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 70H08, 37J40; Secondary: 34C15.
Citation: Hongyu Cheng, Shimin Wang. Response solutions to harmonic oscillators beyond multi–dimensional Brjuno frequency. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2021, 20 (2) : 467-494. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2020222
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Hongyu Cheng Shimin Wang