Question: In statistics, what is simpson's paradox?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 In statistics, what is simpson's paradox?

Imagine that you want to know if the average daily temperature increases, decreases, or stays the same over a six-day period. You start by measuring an average daily temperature for all six days. You also decide to divide the six-day interval into two three-day periods of data collection. Let’s say that you find that temperature increases over the first period of data collection (days 1, 2, and 3), from 70 degrees to 80 degrees to 90 degrees. Over the second period of data collection (days 4, 5, and 6), you find that temperature increases from 60 to 70 to 80 degrees. At first glance, it seems that daily average temperature must have increased through the six day period, since daily average temperature increased over time in both data sets (the first three days and the next three days). However, when both data sets are combined, you can see that temperature has surprisingly decreased over the six-day period. In other words, the average temperature over the first three days is 80 degrees, while the average over the last three days is 70 degrees. If you look at the overall trend in weather, you would see that temperature actually decreases over the six-day period (even though it increases over both periods of data collection). This is a paradox in the sense that it’s surprising based on what you would intuitively expect from each three-day period. This is a silly example, since no one actually studies weather in this way, and real examples of Simpson’s paradox are more complicated, but this is still the basic idea. Essentially, when you combine separate data sets, you can find an overall trend that is different from the trend shown by each individual data set. And here’s a good page about this ( URL_0 ).


Question: How is it that babies have more bones then adults?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How is it that babies have more bones then adults?

As we grow our bones fuse together. All of the ones from when you were a baby can probably still be identified with a Keen eye in your adult skeleton. It's also why babies don't have kneecaps until a few months.


Question: How do wolves and other carnivores survive by only ingesting protein? Don’t they need other nutrients to survive?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do wolves and other carnivores survive by only ingesting protein? Don’t they need other nutrients to survive?

Meat contains more than just protein. It is high in protein and not as rich in the same micronutrients that vegetables have, but it has more than enough to sustain carnivores, especially since their bodies have evolved to expect that particular blend of nutrients. The blood in meat is really high in iron, for instance (although that form of iron can be hard for some animals to absorb.) It’s also why it’s bad to feed cats dog food. Dogs can eat just meat or other stuff. They’re bodies expect them to kind of eat whatever but cats bodies evolved to expect cats to eat only animals and all of them, so cats actually need to eat parts of the animal that we might remove, such as the liver, or else they won’t get all their nutrients. Hope that helps!


Question: Why are teachers paid so little?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are teachers paid so little?

For the most part, teachers are 'public servants'. They work for the local governmental department of education....rather than working for a business. A business usually gets money by selling a product or a service. If they sell a lot (or sell for a lot) then they might have lots of money to pay their employees a higher amount. But a government department gets it's money from the government's budget....and most governments are always looking for ways to cut costs and/or divert money here or there. Unfortunately, many of them don't put a very high priority on education, and thus the school boards don't have a lot of money to pay their teachers with. That being said, from what I can tell, in most places teachers are paid an average or above average salary. Especially once they have a few years experience. The problem, in most cases, is that teaching can be a very demanding and difficult job that might demand a higher salary, if it were in the private sector.


Question: What is about a material that makes it more or less absorbent?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is about a material that makes it more or less absorbent?

There are two real factors here: Hydrophilicity and surface area. Hydrophilic surfaces have stronger molecular forces pulling water to them. Meanwhile, surface area dictates how much water can get close enough to the material for this force to become significant. A towel, for instance, is made of many tiny fibers, all of which attract water quite a bit. A teflon block, on the other hand, has a very smooth surface and does not attract much water.


Question: Can anyone explain that block universe theory?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Can anyone explain that block universe theory?

The block universe is a theory about the philosophy of time. It says that all of time - past, present & future - exists equally. It can lead to conclusions ranging from "the future is predetermined" to "the flow of time is just an illusion". The nature of time has been discussed by philosophers at least since Antiquity. The concept of the block universe is historically more well known as 'eternalism'. Opposing viewpoints, such as 'presentism', state instead that only the present exists. In a modern context, eternalism has gained extra credence due to Einstein's theory of relativity, which implies that one person's present can be an other person's arbitrary point in the future, as long as they travel sufficiently fast compared to the speed of light. This is essentially the relativity of time, which has been experimentally verified. What is one person's future, already exists according to another. This logically implies that all of time already needs to exist, leading to the idea of the block universe where spacetime is an 'unchanging' block; where all of space and time exist equally.


Question: Why is it when you bite a piece of foil it hurts you?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it when you bite a piece of foil it hurts you?

Biting on aluminum foil can be painful and is usually noticed if you have metal in your mouth from dental work (e.g. fillings, crowns). Basically, when you bite on foil, you set up a battery in your mouth and the electrical current stimulates nerve endings in your tooth. ... the nerve impulse is sent to the brain.


Question: If an older person were to donate his organs to a younger recipient will it surpass its natural age in the new body ?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If an older person were to donate his organs to a younger recipient will it surpass its natural age in the new body ?

The maximum age for a human is around 120 years old. That would not apply to all organs equally but is a decent estimate. So if a 60 year old man donated an organ, the organ would have 60 years left. If implanted in a 10 year old, the organ would almost certainly fail by the time the recipient was 70. Organs deteriorate over time, but they also have a long maximum potential lifespan. So they will not go past their normal possible lifespan but that is usually long enough.


Question: What are the possible monetary benefits to Netflix of its 'mandatory' auto-preview feature?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What are the possible monetary benefits to Netflix of its 'mandatory' auto-preview feature?

First, it's not uniformly hated. Maybe it's generally disliked but your survey is hardly inclusive, people who dislike things are typically much more vocal than neutral or positive, so it's much more likley it doesn't bother a larger group than it bothers. That said, assuming the population who doesn't like it netflix will run a risk analysis on the dfeature. The benefit is to force exposure to content to people, and convert them to views. The risk is people canceling there subscription. However, this being "the thing that makes me cancel" has a very low likelyhood of occurring. Netflix has data on canceled subscriptions and increased views since dropping the feature and it's profitable for them, so they keep it.


Question: What actually happens with those shredded truck tires on the side of the highway? Do trucks really just drive until they fall off, and how do they continue onward after losing a tire?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What actually happens with those shredded truck tires on the side of the highway? Do trucks really just drive until they fall off, and how do they continue onward after losing a tire?

Semi's have 18 wheels. So what you are seeing is retreads. A new tire for a semi truck is very expensive, maybe $400 or $500, so they take old tires and "retread" them by basically hotmelting new rubber onto the old rubber. Unless this is done really well, it will eventually fall apart. But luckily, since the semi has 18 wheels, losing one won't really ruin anything. The truck will continue on to the next truck stop, maybe at a lower speed, and there it will have a new retread put on in place of the old retread. The old retread gets thrown into a pile and taken to the retread shop where they glue more tread on it and the endless loop continues.


Question: What keeps movies unreleased? What stops any movie studio employee from just downloading a movie that hasn’t come out and leaking it to the internet?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What keeps movies unreleased? What stops any movie studio employee from just downloading a movie that hasn’t come out and leaking it to the internet?

Because theft and distribution are crimes. People aren't keen on having their lives ruined to show off some movie.


Question: Why does cold soda have stronger carbonation than warm soda?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does cold soda have stronger carbonation than warm soda?

Gases are more soluble in cold liquids than in hot liquids. The hotter a liquid is, the closer to boiling it is.......the closer to boiling, the more it wants to release gases.


Question: How do we know what colours dinosaurs used to be?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do we know what colours dinosaurs used to be?

We don't know for certain in many cases. Just as we don't know what they sounded like. Or even what their skin was like (e.g. did this dinosaur have feathers?). But you have to represent them somehow. Some artists will use fanciful imaginations, others may try to utilize the best information available plus a little artistic license, and so forth.


Question: Why do ants insists on showing off their houses above ground, wouldn't a simple hole work?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do ants insists on showing off their houses above ground, wouldn't a simple hole work?

The hill isn't there to show off. When the ants dig out hollow spaces underground, the dirt that used to be there has to be moved somewhere else. The easiest thing to do is to pile it right outside the entrance.


Question: How are clothes for activity made sweat wicking and feel cool/comfortable despite heavy sweating? Why aren’t all clothes made to handle sweat like that?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How are clothes for activity made sweat wicking and feel cool/comfortable despite heavy sweating? Why aren’t all clothes made to handle sweat like that?

The material is more expensive than cotton or blends. For instance the company that makes the Under Armor textile makes a wound dressing that if you put it on one way and put fluid on it, it passes through to the wound. If you put it on the other way, it pulls fluid out. All due to the way it’s woven and the components. They also put silver in some as an antibacterial. Gore Tex was originally for coating wire. Now it’s in a lot of clothing products, even heart grafts.


Question: How to you build/compile from github?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How to you build/compile from github?

there is nothing to compile, the above is bunch of javascript front and backend. Just look at URL_1 for instructions, follow them. once you set it up and startup the web server, you’ll just point your browser to it like so URL_0


Question: Are all plants fermentable? Why can rye be distilled into drinkable alcohol, but a bell pepper can not?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Are all plants fermentable? Why can rye be distilled into drinkable alcohol, but a bell pepper can not?

Fermentation is the process of converting carbohydrates (usually simple carbs) into other substances such as ethanol (drinking alcohol) through means of a fungus (yeast) or bacteria. You absolutely can ferment a bell pepper... There's just not that much fermentable sugars in a bell pepper as compared to other carb-heavy fruits or grains (most of which usually get converted from complex to simple carbohydrates first)


Question: How can East-Timor (Timor-Leste) use the US Dollar as its official currency, despite having no ties to the US?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can East-Timor (Timor-Leste) use the US Dollar as its official currency, despite having no ties to the US?

The simplest part of this is that the government will accept payment of taxes in US dollars. That will usually be enough to get people using whatever the government takes for tax payments. Especially if nobody's printing anything else. People in East Timor, and the government, can buy and sell U.S. dollars like anyone else. The US doesn't really have any interest in stopping them from doing so, and I'm not sure if they could if they tried. For a very young country like East Timor, especially given the fragile state of its economy, there's some real benefits to using dollars as their currency: you don't have to ride the rocky currents of inflation and deflation as the markets try to figure out what the heck your money is actually worth. They can get outside lenders more easily, who know they'll be paid back in dollars, not a local currency that could have a very different value in ten years. It's not without risk, though: American monetary policy does not consider the needs of East Timor, and so the US could tighten up the supply of dollars at a time when Timor needs a looser policy, or vice versa.


Question: Why does ADHD cause impulsivity?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does ADHD cause impulsivity?

With psychological disorders, the name is more a description of the symptoms than the other way around. Adhd doesn't cause impulsivity, it's a description of a range of behaviors including lack of focus and impulsivity. It's analogous to saying why does depression cause sadness or why does anxiety cause nervousness. Depression is just the word that means you are sad all the time in a chronic way. There are exceptions to this, especially disorders or diseases with a specific known cause such as Alzheimer's. However, dementia is a disorder that is often caused by Alzheimer's, but dementia just means you get confused and lose memory and awareness, and it can have a number of causes.


Question: How do you short sell?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do you short sell?

You think a stock will have a far lower price in the future than now. You borrow stock from someone (against a small fee) and sell it immediately. In the future you buy the same amount of stock (at a now hopefully lower price), hand it back to the original owner and pocket the profit minus transaction and borrowing fees.


Question: Why would accounts that are open and being paid for be removed from your credit report ?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why would accounts that are open and being paid for be removed from your credit report ?

Not all credit cards / lenders report to all credit bureaus. Might not show on Equifax, but does on the others.


Question: Why are our eyes colored?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are our eyes colored?

we're not really sure why humans have different eye colors. Most humans have dark / brown eyes. There are also animals with different eye colors. The coolest of them are arctic reindeers. Their eye color changes with the season - they are golden in summer and blue in winter. So one could think that blue eyes see better when there's less light, or that the brown / dark hue is an adaptation to protect the eye from too much sunlight - just like dark skin. Green eyes might be just blue eyes with some brown in it. relevant reindeer study [here]( URL_0 ) & #x200B;


Question: What is oedipal and god complex?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
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 What is oedipal and god complex?

oedipus complex is named after a story in which a man kills his father and bangs his mother. It means that, basically, a person wants to kill (things/traits that remind them of) their father and fuck (people who remind them of) their mother. god complex means a person believes themself to be the ultimate authority figure, and act as though others need to listen to them and follow their directions when they have not earned that kind of respect.


Question: How did DVD's continue to be a mainstream product along side Blu Rays? Why didn't they die out like VHS tapes did when new technology hit the market?

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 How did DVD's continue to be a mainstream product along side Blu Rays? Why didn't they die out like VHS tapes did when new technology hit the market?

Because of compatibility I would say. When we switched to DVD from vcr there was no backwards compatibility due to completely different form factors. Since dvd and bluray use the same form factor a bluray player can also play a DVD. So dvds didn't become immediately obsolete like vcr. Also, I don't believe the quality/convenience of a bluray over a DVD is nearly as pronounced as DVD vs vcr.


Question: Why can our brains remember song lyrics so perfectly but not things taught in school?

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 Why can our brains remember song lyrics so perfectly but not things taught in school?

Because song lyrics are catchy. I'm sure if things were taught in a similar way or rhyming we would easily be able to remember things taught in school. It's also why it's easy to remember similar acronyms such as PEMDAS by making the acronyms stand out or making them interesting.. By giving the acronyms a meaning.


Question: What is it that makes a heart able to be restarted in some cases and not in others?

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 What is it that makes a heart able to be restarted in some cases and not in others?

It's a common misconception, but if you're think about a defibrillator with the shock paddles, those don't restart your heart. If your heart is not beating, a defibrillator will do nothing. Defibrillators work when your heart isn't beating the way it should be, typically this means that the heart is barely pumping at all. Instead of being a normal, strong heartbeat it's basically nothing more than a twitch or a flutter. It's pumping, but not well. This is because of the electric signal controlling the pumping isn't correct, so the strong shock attempts to reset the tempo. When your heart isn't beating at all, there is no electric signal telling it to beat, so shocking it will do nothing.


Question: Why are we told to exercise damaged muscles to restore normal function, but wear glasses for our eyes?

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 Why are we told to exercise damaged muscles to restore normal function, but wear glasses for our eyes?

If one leg is longer than the other you're not told to fix it with exercise. Vision problems are most often caused by eye geometry problems. There are tiny muscles that control focus, and they are the strongest muscles in the body by mass, but workouts for them won't change the geometry that put your retina too far back into your head or chemical changes that make the focus lens less elastic.


Question: Can pure electricity change the composition of atoms?

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 Can pure electricity change the composition of atoms?

I mean... you just described [electrolysis]( URL_0 ), splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen by running an electric current through it.


Question: What happens to light after it hits the retina and initiates a nerve signal?

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 What happens to light after it hits the retina and initiates a nerve signal?

The light is absorbed to create that electrical signal and to my recollection it also generates a small amount of heat. So the photon itself is converted entirely to heat and (electrical) energy, there is no "light" left to go anywhere, it's in a different form altogether. Light that isn't absorbed in this way is reflected back out, which is how we can see eyes and even into the eye with the right equipment.


Question: One some devices, why do the wall plug-ins have a "test" and "reset" button and what do they do?

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 One some devices, why do the wall plug-ins have a "test" and "reset" button and what do they do?

Those are Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters, they have an additional safety feature that detects abnormal flow of current. If detected it will open the circuit disabling the power to that outlet.They’re most likely around areas that can be exposed to wetness, such as bathrooms, kitchens, outdoors, etc.


Question: Percentage of chances on two different roulettes, both with 50% ... chances ?

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 Percentage of chances on two different roulettes, both with 50% ... chances ?

Yes, the odds of getting any specific color would be the same in each of the two layouts you have described. Ask your friends "okay then, which color would have the higher chance of being selected, and which the lower, under the 'split' scenario?".


Question: How do hand warmers with a bit of metal in them work?

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 How do hand warmers with a bit of metal in them work?

In each hand warmer, there’s a ton of a salt called Sodium Acetate dissolved. Water can only dissolve so much of the salt before it’s full, and can’t take any more. But, hot water can dissolve a lot more than room temperature water can. So, they make the solutions in the hand warmers while the water is hot, and then slowly cool them down so that the water is tricked into having more salt dissolved in itself than it normally would be able to at room temperature. When you snap the metal, it creates a disturbance which makes the water “realize” it was “tricked”, and all the extra salt that the water wouldn’t normally dissolve at room temperature is kicked out of the water into solid form. This kicking out of the salt results in a much more stable structure for the salt, its solid form, so all the energy that was being used to keep the unstable dissolved form together at an unusually low temperature is released as the heat that warms your hands.


Question: How did the gesture of circling your finger next to your head become so universally known as gesture of 'crazy'?

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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How did the gesture of circling your finger next to your head become so universally known as gesture of 'crazy'?

There's no one singular source of a definitive answer, but the sign itself is called the "Cuckoo sign". Cuckoo is acknowledged as a slang for crazy, going back to the 1900s America, seemingly because of the sound the bird makes. -- source: [ URL_0 ]( URL_0 ) & #x200B; Similarly, the notion of "having a screw loose" equates to being crazy, born from textile machines in the 1700s not operating properly if they have a loose screw -- source: [ URL_1 ]( URL_1 ) & #x200B; There's no well documented evidence on how these idioms got paired up specifically with the hand gesture itself, but that seems to be the origins. & #x200B; Anecdotally, I had a psychology professor who told us that the gesture came about due to excessive hair twirling being a common activity of people diagnosed with various mental illness, but I was never able to find a source which supported that theory.


Question: What is morally transformative consent?

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 What is morally transformative consent?

It is simply the idea that consent somehow magically transforms immoral or illegal things into moral or legal. For example if I went up to a woman and kissed her randomly it would be wildly illegal sexual assault. On the other hand if I do that to my wife who consents to such behaviors then it is perfectly fine. Similarly if someone slices my abdomen open with a knife without my consent it is a terrible assault, but if it is a doctor I consented to operate on me it is fully legal and moral.


Question: What are the differences between a highway, freeway, expressway, tollway, interchange, and interstate?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 What are the differences between a highway, freeway, expressway, tollway, interchange, and interstate?

A highway is any sort of elevated roadway, usually bounded by access roads. A freeway is any higher order roadway, like a highway, which is free for public use. A toll road is a roadway, including highways, where there is a fee to drive on, usually services by booth attemdents. An interstate is a highway that crosses a state border or is otherwise run by the Interstate Highway System (Hawaii has interstates despite connecting only to itself). An interchange is a junction between two or more highways that allows a driver to switch from one to the other.


Question: Do countries owe other countries money and how does the world bank work?

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 Do countries owe other countries money and how does the world bank work?

The treaty of Versailles put the cost of WWI on Germany. Germany had to foot the bill, they paid it off recently I believe. Another way countries can owe other money to countries is though the sale of bonds. This is why the US owes China money. China bought lots of US bonds.


Question: How did we measure the speed of light so precisely?

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 How did we measure the speed of light so precisely?

The most accurate measurement we have of the speed of light was made in 1975. They did this by using the following simple equation: > c = fλ Where c is the speed of light, f is the frequency of the light and λ is the wavelength of the light. They used high *spectral stability lasers* and *accurate cesium clocks* to determine the frequency and the wavelength. A high spectral stability laser means the number of different frequencies (and wavelengths) of light it emits is as small as possible. You want the light to be made of 1 frequency only, but this is physically impossible to do, so you have to get as close to that as possible. You can read [here]( URL_0 ) for a brief history on the measurements of the speed of light.


Question: Why does life seem to move faster and faster as we grow up ?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
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 Why does life seem to move faster and faster as we grow up ?

Think it’s just your perception of time. When you’re 4 years old 1 year is 25% of your life so it seems like a long time to you. When you’re 50 a year is only 2% of your life.


Question: Why do steroids increase the risk of infection?

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 Why do steroids increase the risk of infection?

I'm assuming you mean corticosteroids (like prednisone, etc.). Basically, steroids work to reduce the inflammatory response. In theory, inflammation occurs because the body is trying to bring resources to damaged areas to help repair it. Some of the most important resources are cells from your immune system. An issue arises when your immune cells start attacking your own body and causing damage. Steroids act as a signal to turn off some of this immune system functioning and reduce the inflammation. However, if you turn down your immune system, this makes it harder for it to protect your body from foreign invaders, like bacteria or viruses, resulting in an increased risk of infection.


Question: What is dynamic range in music?

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 What is dynamic range in music?

It's the difference between how loud and how soft a song gets. Does it stay just loud, does it just stay soft, or does it have changes in how loud or soft it is?


Question: Why do people with mental disabilities often have facial "abnormalities"?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
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 Why do people with mental disabilities often have facial "abnormalities"?

I'll use this quote to answer your question as once I had the same question as you! *A lot of mental disabilities are part of growth disorders. Before I go any further, I want to make it quite clear that it is possible to have a growth disorder, like many forms of dwarfism, and not have one’s intelligence affected at all, and it is also possible to be mentally retarded, and not have a growth disorder, but oftentimes, the two do go together. Both Down Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome are growth disorders. DS is a growth disorder that involves growth stopping too soon— it’s the reason that sometimes heart valves don’t close, and the esophagus does not meet the stomach, as well as the reason the hand is missing a crease, and people with DS are short, and it is the reason some brain structures do not develop correctly. Which ones is kind of a crapshoot, which is why the mental capacities of people with DS vary so widely. The 21st chromosome is the one that codes for the enzyme that keeps us from growing out of control (a very rare condition of transposition of the 21st chromosome can cause a person to be unusually tall). FAS involves poor oxygenation of the fetus, because alcohol interferes with all sorts of prenatal processes. It isn’t fully understood, but like a flame that is small because it is air-deprived, fetuses very much need oxygen.* *Now, some people are deprived of oxygen briefly, but severely, at birth, can have problems with mental capacity without any effects on their appearance, but that is because a brief deprivation of oxygen can starve and kill off parts of the brain, while being much less serious for other parts of the body. FAS is more of a slow, minimal deprivation over time. People with FAS, like people with DS, have small midfaces, and are short, along with having problems with mental capacity.* *A lot of other syndromes that include mental retardation, and which are either chromosomal or genetic, or involve an exposure to something in utero, are essentially growth disorders, and the brain is just one part of the body that fails to grow properly, along with certain parts of the face or head that cause a distinctive look.* *One thing to remember though, is that even when people have a “look” to their disability, they are still individuals. People with a syndrome usually have more in common with other people than they do with people who happen to vaguely resemble them due to some accident of a chromosomal mutation. People who have facial features in common due to a genetic condition don’t necessarily have more in common, regarding temperament or personal preferences, than people who have some other unusual feature, like red hair, or dichromatic eyes.*


Question: How are companies able to measure the amount of calories and composition of the packaged food they are selling? How do we as consumers know it’s accurate?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How are companies able to measure the amount of calories and composition of the packaged food they are selling? How do we as consumers know it’s accurate?

They use a device called a caloric bomb. It is basically a tiny little sealed chamber. They put a certain amount of the food in there, heat it, and then once it starts to burn they measure the amount of heat given off by the burning. This tells them exactly how many calories are in the food.


Question: Why do our hearts never get tired?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do our hearts never get tired?

They never fully rest like a skeletal muscle, but elevated heart rate isn’t good either. Cardiac muscle cells are different from the skeletal muscles - since they’re literally in the heart they have access to maximum blood flow at all times and have no need for energy or waste storage. Your other muscles must rely on comparatively low blood flows in nearby veins to carry away their waste and replenish their chemical energy, so they dedicate much of the cell volume to storage. When the stored energy is exhausted, they’re done. Cardiac muscle has no storage, it feeds off the effectively infinite blood supply and can run forever without fatigue - as long as nothing blocks the flow.


Question: How do you use unique rectangles to solve sudoku?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do you use unique rectangles to solve sudoku?

A standard sudoku puzzle has *only one* solution. Unique rectangles let you eliminate possibilities because those would lead to a situation with two solutions, which you know to be impossible. So in a sudoku puzzle, if you pick any four spots that forms a rectangle, those four spots will always have more than two different numbers in them. If a rectangle was made with (going around) 2,5,2,5, it could just as well be 5,2,5,2. That’s two solutions, and that against the “rules” that a puzzle has only one solution. So, if you were to encounter a point in solving a puzzle that it appears this situation can happen, like a rectangle has two numbers in common in all four spots, you *know* that it can’t end that way. Say the bottom corners are already reduced to the same two numbers, but the top corners also include another number. One of those top spots must be one of those other numbers. If that number is possible elsewhere in line with the rectangle, you can eliminate those other possibilities because you know it must be one of the rectangle corner spots. I think you’ll understand how to use it once you firmly understand this aspect. Using them in practice requires identifying potential “deadly patterns”, like a rectangle with only two numbers, and then figuring out which possibilities that you can eliminate because of it.


Question: Why is an emulator required to play Playstation/Xbox/Nintendo games on a PC?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is an emulator required to play Playstation/Xbox/Nintendo games on a PC?

PCs and game consoles both contain CPUs, yes, but they speak different languages. You need an emulator to translate back and forth between console-speak and PC-speak.


Question: What sort of job can't be automated? What can be done about automation?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What sort of job can't be automated? What can be done about automation?

Software developer here, The only job I can think of that can't be automated is a designer. Even my job can be automated. Computers have demonstrated they can write very efficient software, but the techniques involved haven't been thoroughly explored for commercial exploitation because of liability - we don't know how the software works, just that it does. The designer's job, then, would be to direct the automation process. A designer's job would be to direct automated processes to produce the product of a new idea as they describe it. A computer can perfect anything already in existence, but it can't invent anything new on it's own - without sentience, a computer has no agenda, and that is the part that can't be automated. Otherwise, physical tasks are increasingly automated, and intellectual tasks can be automated, though I don't actually know how much of this is being commercialized. *The Policeman's Beard is Half Constructed* is the first work of fiction entirely generated by computer (I'm still looking for a physical copy), and it's trivial to generate any sort of music. I've seen animated sequences fully driven by content that can itself be generated. I think a good deal of science can be increasingly automated, not putting scientists out of a job, but their technicians. I have a friend who is working for a company that is automating centrifuge extraction, where it's currently a manual process. Plenty of hands on science and biology in particular requires testing a lot of samples and cultures, and a lot of this repetitive work can be automated. So I see my job changing from writing raw code to describing a solution the machine implements. Fun times for the future.


Question: Why do people often see bugs crawling around themselves/the room whilst hallucinating?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do people often see bugs crawling around themselves/the room whilst hallucinating?

Everyone "hallucinates" all the time. Just what we hallucinate is most often is close enough to what's actually there that we don't even notice. We all have a blind spot where our optic nerve is that our brain constantly makes up what must be there given the context clues about the things it does see. [With certain optical illusions]( URL_0 ) the difference between what we see and what's actually there become obvious. Ever thought you saw something like your cat out of the corner of your eye, but when you turn your focus on it the object turns out to be a log? You brain took minimal information, a vaguely cat shaped blob, and filled in the gaps with what it expects your cat to look like. When the brain has less computational power, like when under drugs, it gets worse at guessing what is there. It's likely to see hair on arms and then 'fill in the gaps' to assume there are insects there.


Question: why some things get wet and others don't?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 why some things get wet and others don't?

"Wetting" is a specific type of chemical interaction between a liquid and a surface. It is **not** soaking, where a fabric like a cotton shirt absorbs the water. Wetting is the ability for a liquid to spread out over the surface of a material, getting very thin and not clumping up into droplets. A surface will wet because the adhesive force between it and the liquid is stronger than the liquid's surface tension. If the liquid "wants" to interact with the solid more than it wants to interact with itself, it'll spread out to maximize that liquid/solid interaction, and become wetness. If the liquid wants to interact with itself more, it'll stay clumped into droplets and wet partially or not at all. Things get more complicated when a surface is bumpy on a microscopic level, but this is the basic idea. Wetting varies from liquid to liquid and surface to surface. Most glass gets partially wet, with fairly-flat droplets; however, gallium, a metal which is liquid at 30C/85F, will wet glass completely until there are no droplets left. Neither material can wet paper very effectively, but paper will absorb water, whereas metallic gallium is not absorbed by paper at all.


Question: Why does split pea soup thicken over time?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does split pea soup thicken over time?

Dried peas have starch in them, when heated the starch is loosened and absorbs water, as it cools down, those water saturated grains kinda-sorta interlock and thicken it. Much like how a roux or cornstarch can thicken gravy.


Question: If someone gave all their lotto winnings to charity immediately would they still have to pay tax?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If someone gave all their lotto winnings to charity immediately would they still have to pay tax?

Their best bet would be to donate the winning lottery ticket to the charity before the ticket is turned in to the lottery. Once they accept the prize, they create a taxable income, and I believe the max they can deduct is 50% of your Adjusted Gross Income. Of course, it goes without saying you should consult tax attorneys in your state and local jurisdiction if you are really in a position where this is a concern.


Question: Why does our perception of time change so drastically when we grow up, with a year crawling by at a snail's pace in childhood, only for it to go by way too fast later on?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does our perception of time change so drastically when we grow up, with a year crawling by at a snail's pace in childhood, only for it to go by way too fast later on?

Just that, perception. when you're a child a year is a HUGE amount of time. For a 5 year old kid that is a full 5th kid their life! And on top of that with how memory hasn't really taken hold yet they dont even remember all 5 of them so it is even larger. But as you age you've experienced many more of them and remember them too. As such time feels less and less and as you age it feels faster and faster.


Question: Why is it when you download something it slows down dramatically at 99% or just simply takes a longer time compared to other percents? It's annoying.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it when you download something it slows down dramatically at 99% or just simply takes a longer time compared to other percents? It's annoying.

With bittorrent, the last percent takes a long time because there's only a couple or just one block left, and it's coming over a slow connection. You can only get a block from one peer at a time, and you were likely getting it from someone with a slow connection or it wouldn't be the last one. When you're downloading through a web browser, it's likely because your browser downloads to a temporary file location, and once it has the whole file, it has to copy it to the final directory.


Question: Why is neutron star considered the most dense thing in the universe, shouldn't it be the nucleus of hydrogen atom?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is neutron star considered the most dense thing in the universe, shouldn't it be the nucleus of hydrogen atom?

A neutron has more mass the protons at the same size so even with that comparison a hydrogen nucleus fails. But there is neutron radiation of just single neutrons exist in nature. But if you look at is that way protons and neutrons are made of quarks, three each. The size of quarks is less the 1/1000 the size of a proton, the might be point-like entities, with zero sizes. So the are at 1/3 the mass and less than 1/1000 the size so at least 333x the density. The known size of an election is the same less the 1/1000 of a proton but might be point-like entities but have a lot less mass. The concept of density starts to break down if you have zero sizes. & #x200B; If you read the [wiki article of a neutron star]( URL_0 ) the last part of the first paragraphs is: > They result from the supernova explosion of a massive star, combined with gravitational collapse, that compresses the core past white dwarf star density to that of atomic nuclei. So they say as sense as an atomic nucleus. You start to call the densest thing if you look at a larger volume so what is the density of you looked at a cubic centimeter. Hydrogen will be a lot less because the protons will keep apart even if ionized. If you used them together some way to be as close as in a neutron star you would have proton degeneracy and not longer hydrogen, This is a hypothetical state of matter that is not confirmed We know from observation that neutron stars exist but a Quark star might exist where the density is even higher but the existence has not been confirmed. The quarks would be separate but are close together In our models, the inside of a black hole might be a singularity ie lot of mass but no size then to density is quite meaningless. Black holes are confirmed but not how matter is in them


Question: How does earth’s magnetic field protect us from radiation?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does earth’s magnetic field protect us from radiation?

The Earth's magnetic field projects into space all around us, forming what's called the *magnetosphere.* This magnetic sheath deflects the electromagnetically charged stream of particles called the *solar wind* which is constantly radiating outward from the sun. Without that, the charged stream would destroy our ozone layer and atmosphere.


Question: Why was the Vietnam War so protested?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why was the Vietnam War so protested?

The protests were caused by a few key factors. 1. The War was pointless. - The US got involved in Vietnam due to concerns of communism spreading to South Vietnam. First and foremost, this was simply a proxy war against Russia, which shouldn't have cost 60,000 US citizens their lives. 2. The Draft. - On top of this, the soldiers forced to fight in this pointless war were mostly drafted from two draft lotteries conducted by the US government. So people who knew how pointless this war was were still forced to fight, or be thrown in jail. 3. Lastly, The Hippies, and Anti-War feelings. - During the 60's free love and peace was a very common mentality among a majority of citizens. Most citizens were anti war in general and just didn't want to get involved after the events of WW2. **TL;DR** Vietnam war was a pointless dick measuring contest, Drafts suck, and lots of citizens were against wars in general during that time period.


Question: What happens to your brain/body while put on anesthesia?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What happens to your brain/body while put on anesthesia?

The short answer is, we don’t know. There are 3 main types of medication we use. Paralytic, to prevent you from moving, opioids to prevent pain, and hypnotics to keep you “asleep”. This accomplished the 3 A’s of anesthesia (akinesis, analgesia, and amnesia). We know how the paralytics and narcotics work, and we know how the intravenous hypnotics work (propofol). We don’t know how the inhalation anesthetics work. We have a pretty good idea, but no theory has yet explained everything we observe with the volatile anesthetics. For the injectable anesthetics, they all (except for ketamine) work by stimulating or enhancing your bodies GABA receptors, central nervous systems opposite side of “fight or flight” response. It’s you “calm and rest” side. Reference: I put people to sleep for a living.


Question: Why beer in a bottle lasts for months and sometimes years while the same beer in a keg lasts for a much shorter period of time?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why beer in a bottle lasts for months and sometimes years while the same beer in a keg lasts for a much shorter period of time?

Because oxygen skunks beer. If your keg has a hand pump, you are just pumping the air from the room into the keg. If your keg runs on CO2 or N2 it will last far longer.


Question: How can a geothermal heating system take ground-cooled water that is 50 degrees F and turn it into 70 degree F heat for a building?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can a geothermal heating system take ground-cooled water that is 50 degrees F and turn it into 70 degree F heat for a building?

Heat pumps move heat from cold to hot or hot to cold. They're most efficient when the temperature is the same on both sides. If you're trying to heat a house in the winter then it might be 0 outside and you're trying to reach 70 F. This isn't going to be efficient and you'll have to use electric heaters to keep that warm. If you have a 50 F source to work with then you can move a lot more heat with a lot less power and may not need the electric heaters to keep you warm enough In the summer is a bit more straight forward. Take heat from 70F house and move it into 50 F coolant rather than trying to put it into the 90 F air outside A coolant is just a fluid that is good at moving heat. It could be just water, it could be a water/antifreeze mix like in your car, or it could be something different. It's job is just to carry a lot of heat The heat pump itself will use a refrigerant and functions like a fridge or AC


Question: how do mathematicians know pi is irrational?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how do mathematicians know pi is irrational?

There are ways to prove a number is irrational. For example, [here's]( URL_1 ) a pretty simple proof that the square root of 2 is irrational. Unfortunately, the proof that pi is irrational is probably way to complicated to ELI5. It wasn't proven until the 1700s, which is testament to how complex it is. [Here's]( URL_0 ) a list of proofs. If a number is irrational, that means its decimal expansion never falls into a recursive pattern.


Question: Both of my Parents are type O blood type. I am AB+ how is that possible?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Both of my Parents are type O blood type. I am AB+ how is that possible?

Its possible, but extremely rare, for a person to have different blood type sperm/egg than their actual blood type (a chimera). The odds of both parents being chimeras would be astronomical. Either someone's typed wrong, or you're adopted.


Question: Why do Video Game companies try to hard to prevent remakes of games that they technically own, but dont run or operate anymore and have no plans to?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do Video Game companies try to hard to prevent remakes of games that they technically own, but dont run or operate anymore and have no plans to?

if you mean unauthorized fan remakes. because they own the copyright and trademarks. if you don't make effort to fight unauthorized use, it hurts your legal case when you DO fight one. if nintendo didn't fight every fan made mario game, then someone could make a huge successful one and have a shot at WINNING in court. and then nintendo would be up shit creek and lose the mario trademark.