Question: How are professional athletes paid? Per game? Or Weekly, etc?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How are professional athletes paid? Per game? Or Weekly, etc?

It doesn't just vary sport to sport but on each level. For football for example (I'm British, it's the sport I watch the most) lower league players are paid weekly, the higher up you go it becomes a larger sum on monthly wages. In sports like athletics, it could be per event as most athletes earn through sponsorship and prize money. It's difficult to know when the sums are in the millions like Le Bron, as teams and players won't disclose wages readily.


Question: If I see my reflection from 25 feet away, am I seeing how big I am from 25 or 50 feet away since the image has to travel the gap twice?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If I see my reflection from 25 feet away, am I seeing how big I am from 25 or 50 feet away since the image has to travel the gap twice?

You're correct about it having to travel twice. If the mirror is 25 feet from you, your apparent image (the mirror "you") looks as it would if 50 feet away.


Question: Why does squinting make you see better?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does squinting make you see better?

Think about how a camera works. If you choose a more closed opening, called the aperture (say, f/10 instead of f/2.8), the range of distances that are in focus (without having to adjust the focus) becomes greater. When you squint your eyes the same thing happens -- the opening to the lens in your eye gets smaller, and it makes focusing less difficult.


Question: How do/did mood rings work?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do/did mood rings work?

short answer- they don't Longer answer- they are filled with a liquid crystal that changes colors based on temperature. As your body heats/cools, that temperature change also heats/cools the metal of the ring, which heats/cools the liquid crystals inside the ring.


Question: If sucralose contains no calories and causes no tooth decay, why are we still using regular sugar?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If sucralose contains no calories and causes no tooth decay, why are we still using regular sugar?

It doesn't actually taste like sugar or have the same mouthfeel. People like sugar because it's sugar. No known sugar substitute effectively replaces sugar. They might be sweet but none of them are perfect substitutes. It might be better than other sweeteners but it is definitely not a 100% replacement - try a soda with sucralose to understand for yourself. Honestly, the best replacements involve *reducing* sugar and uses non-nutritive substitutes to balance it out. It's way more satisfying to have 30% of the calories than 0% with a fake sugar.


Question: Why dont we raise space ships with balloons before using rocket engines to escape earths gravity?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why dont we raise space ships with balloons before using rocket engines to escape earths gravity?

The physics are complex, but simply put, look at a Goodyear blimp. The blimp (the actual envelope containing the helium) is huge relative to the tiny cabin attached underneath. Now, replace the tiny cabin with a spaceship made of materials capable of sustaining atmospheric re-entry, fuel for the round-way trip, plus whatever gear and human payload is inside. The helium envelope would have to be so phenomenally huge to even be able to lift said spaceship that it would be totally impractical as a solution.


Question: Whe are old violins better than modern violins? You hear of old violins worth millions, why isn't it possible to make better ones with modern technology?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Whe are old violins better than modern violins? You hear of old violins worth millions, why isn't it possible to make better ones with modern technology?

You just triggered me, so here it goes. As you are probably already aware of this, a piano's sound is a product of the strings vibrations resonating through the piano's soundboard. The soundboard for a piano is pretty much always going to be a metal which doesn't experience many changes due to the environment or over the years. Because of this, a piano's sound with a new set of strings and hammers and whatnot will sound pretty much the same over the course of many many years. Because of this, a piano's sound is completely dependent upon the materials chosen and the craftsmanship of the piano maker. On the other hand, a violin's sound comes from the string's vibrations resonating almost entirely through the front and back body plates of the violin which are usually made of wood. Wood is an organic composite material and is subject to temperature, humidity, bacteria, age, etc. Wood is usually stressed one way or another. For example, adding humidity will cause wood to expand from its previous state and afterwards, if dried too much, it will contract and possibly crack due to the internal stresses being too high. Over the years through the hot, warm summers and cold, dry winters, the wood in a violin is stressed to the environmental extremes over and over again, fatiguing the wood and making it slightly more "flexible" and resilient to cracking. This yearly process changes the wood's characteristics slightly and so the more age on a violin, the more fatiguing cycles it has undergone. In general, this process has lead to a violin sounding more appealing than it had many years before, making it more desirable. So the violin's sound is dependent upon the wood (type, quality, age, etc) and of course the luthier's craftsmanship (violin design, thickness, material choice, etc). So combining an excellent violin with age results in a beautifully sounding and highly prized instrument. This is why many elite violinists play older violins and as for the price? Well, that is usually dependent on the sound. To add to this, since a violin depends on both the luthier's abilities and age of the wood, a luthier could carve one violin to sound better than age has made another violin sound. This is why there are many young or new violins that are also quite extraordinary in their resonating ability and can sound just as good or better than a nice and old violin. So I wouldn't necessarily say a "true" musician will always choose the older instrument to play, because in the end, how a violin sounds is completely relative to both the player and listener, so like finding a significant other, the violin an elite player chooses to play is really dependent on their taste in sound and how that violin feels to them.


Question: Why does it sometimes take over 24 hours to feel the effects of a non-serious injury?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does it sometimes take over 24 hours to feel the effects of a non-serious injury?

Adrenaline and delayed swelling would be my guess, or maybe something to do with it taking time for the lactic acid to build up after an injury, dunno, someone correct me


Question: Why do software companies (especially social media ones) change their UI very often even though it is perfectly fine, often leading to objectively worse design?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do software companies (especially social media ones) change their UI very often even though it is perfectly fine, often leading to objectively worse design?

They are trying to be "new" because it increases engagement. People who use the site all the time figure it out, and people who don't use the site often might give it more tries. Better or worse isn't really the goal, it never was. This approach dates back to some human performance studies done in a factory during the 1920s. It's called the Hawthorne effect, after the town where the factory was located.


Question: How does rain supposedly help with clearing smoke in the air?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does rain supposedly help with clearing smoke in the air?

Smoke is made of fine particles floating in the air. If rain hits the particles, they fall to the ground. Rain also helps put out fire. Less fire = less smoke.


Question: Why is time relative to speed?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is time relative to speed?

It's not so much "the faster you go" but "the faster you go relative to some other object" because you are technically stationary, moving 5 miles per hour, and going 99.99999999999999999999999999999999999999999% c depending on what frame of reference we base on view on. There simply does not exist something like 'absolute time.' Rather time varies in different reference frames. We can observe that you are unable to overtake light, no matter how much you accelerate light will always travel at c relative to you. However, this creates a schism. If someone is standing still, they'll see light traveling at c relative to them, too. Which means to them, light appears to be outrunning you at c - your speed. But to you, light is outrunning you at c. How can light be at two distances at the same time? It can't, but what we observe is that each observer will witness the other as experiencing *less time* than themselves. This is not simply an illusion, but a physical reality. Interestingly, this also occurs with distances. As your speed increases, distances shrink along the axis of your travel. Basically, the faster you go, literally the less distance a given trip has in it. As to the actual ultimate 'why' this is more philosophical. We can observe *how* the universe works, but not necessarily beyond that.


Question: How do you touchscreens distinguish between human skin and other materials, such as clothing? Was it intensional?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do you touchscreens distinguish between human skin and other materials, such as clothing? Was it intensional?

There are wires embedded in the glass. If it's a material that can cause a short (skin is conductive) it will determine x-y co-ordinates from where the short occurs. Old-school touch-screens were pressure sensor activated but those didn't work as well. If you put a piece of wire on the tip of your glove you can still use the modern screens.


Question: Why do vegetables with antimicrobial properties, such as onions or garlic, go bad after some time? Shouldn't their antimicrobial property prevent digestion by microorganisms?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do vegetables with antimicrobial properties, such as onions or garlic, go bad after some time? Shouldn't their antimicrobial property prevent digestion by microorganisms?

Well they aren’t purely antimicrobial. They have those properties but they are still a vegetable prone to organic decomposition. You are a human with waterproof properties (i.e your skin) but that doesn’t prevent your hair getting wet.


Question: How does Mandelbrot's "roughness" calculation work? Is it only geometric or can it be used in other domains?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does Mandelbrot's "roughness" calculation work? Is it only geometric or can it be used in other domains?

Hey! I'm the same person from the /r/math thread. The roughness calculation is called fractal dimension, Hausdorff dimension, or to give every credit Hausdorff–Besicovitch dimension. It is a generalization of the concept of dimensionality for normal spaces (i.e. lines are 1D, squares are 2D, cubes are 3D). I recommend watching [this]( URL_1 ) video to get a good grasp, since this is a highly visual geometric concept, so visuals work best to demonstrate it. However, I'll give it a verbal go - if anything is unclear and it seems like the video contradicts what I am saying, the video is correct. We understand normal dimensionality in terms of the number of directions that exist. 1D space is a line - it has 2 directions we can go, forward or backward. 2D spaces is a plane, and there are 4 directions we can go - forward, backward, left, and right. In general, N-dimensional space has 2N directions, or N axes, along which we can move around in the space. There are numerous properties that evolve as we move up through dimensions, and we will look at one that is relevant in many places called scaling. The question is; if we have a shape, and increase its linear dimension by k, how much does its overall measure increase? For example, we have a line of length 1, and we stretch it out by a factor of 2. Well, now it has length 2 - the stretching and the total measure of the line are the same. If we have a square, however, things are different. If we stretch out all the sides of a square by a factor of 2, it has 4 times the area! This is true of any shape - if we increase all its linear features by a factor of 2, the area enclosed will increase by a factor of 4. For a cube, things are larger still - if we increase all the sides by a factor of 2, the volume increases by a factor of 8. Notice that these numbers have a pattern to them: * 1D - 2 - > 2 * 2D - 2 - > 4 * 3D - 2 - > 8 The linear scaling and the measure scaling are related through the dimensionality - 2^1 = 2, 2^2 = 4, and 2^3 = 8. This will be true in all dimensions. If we linearly scale an N-dimensional object by 2, its N-dimensional measure (hypervolume if you will) increases by 2^N. This concept of dimensionality suddenly doesn't care about how space looks - it talks about scaling properties of shapes! We have many systems that have scaling properties, so we can look at these and see if a generalized definition could work. For the traditional example, let's look at the British coastline, and measure it with a kilometer-long ruler. We might get 7,000 km (these are made up numbers). Now, let's scale up the linear dimension by a factor of 2 - or equivalently, shrink our ruler to be 1/2 km. Now all of a sudden we have access to some inlets that earlier our ruler was simply to large to fit into - the same coastline is now measured to be 9,000 km! If we keep shortening our ruler, we find this number continues to grow - and not only that, these scaling properties are related! It is roughly *coastline length ∝ ruler length^1.25* We have a measurement of an object and a linear scaling factor related to each other by an exponent. Now, this is clearly not the same thing as the actual dimension - the coastline is a curve, a 1D object. However, if we generalize our definitions a little bit, we see that it's so rough it behaves a little bit like it's 'between' dimensions - a 1D object that goes through space so wildly it gets closer to being 2D. This is the usual definition of a fractal - any geometric object whose scaling properties with this ruler exceed its actual geometric (or topological, to use the correct term) dimension. Now, to answer your second question, which I love - both. This is 'only' geometric, but math is such that we can represent many kinds of objects geometrically, and so use geometric concepts to describe them. For example, there are objects called [attractors]( URL_0 ) - solutions to complex systems. These frequently arise in population ecology, for a relatable example, as the populations of complex predator-prey-symbiosis systems oscillate in a seemingly random way. These are just solutions to equations, but we can plot them, and so get a geometric shape - and these geometric shapes often exhibit fractal properties, so all of a sudden fractal geometry is useful in the analysis of dynamical biological systems.


Question: do zoom calls or any video calls show the most accurate representation of you (how people see you as) compared to say the mirror,selfies,photos from the back camera and videoing yourself?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 do zoom calls or any video calls show the most accurate representation of you (how people see you as) compared to say the mirror,selfies,photos from the back camera and videoing yourself?

Which camera you use shouldn’t change anything, except maybe resolution. If you’re taking a shot with a mirror, then you’ll appear backwards. In Zoom or Meet, and many others, you can see what you look like to everyone else in your own window. In Zoom, at least, it’ll reverse your image for you, so you’ll have the effect of looking in a mirror, but it sends the correct image to everyone else. This is to help you react correctly if you’re looking at yourself, as you probably see yourself in a mirror more often. Zoom also has a setting to “fix” your image, by softening it a little.


Question: How do engineers know what an actual safe weight is for a bridge?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do engineers know what an actual safe weight is for a bridge?

Let's make the world's most basic bridge. We'll use two cinder blocks and we'll put a piece of 2" by 12" lumber across them. The lumber exerts a load on the cinder blocks from its own weight. When someone steps on the piece of lumber, they'll apply a load to the lumber, which will cause it to bend, and will also apply load to the two cinder blocks. Depending on where they step, they'll apply different loads and different amounts of bending. Eventually a load will be applied that causes the bridge to fail. It could fail in shear, which basically means the piece of wood snaps in two. It could have a bending failure. Or one of the cinder blocks could collapse from the weight, which is a compressive failure. Because we're smart engineers, and more importantly we have a timber design handbook, we can look up how much shear load our beam can resist, and how much bending it can resist. We can also figure out how much force it would take for one of the cinder blocks to have a compressive failure. Whichever load is lowest is the working load for our bridge. In bridge design, you're essentially doing this process on steroids. Or on a computer. You have a great many elements, and they'll all be analyzed. The weakest link gives you the bridge load limit. If that limit is too low, you'll make that piece bigger, until something else becomes the weakest link, and your load limit meets what the code requires. And you're right, the load on the signs has a safety factor built in. The actual value of the safety factor depends on the code.


Question: Why are illegal drugs illegal?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are illegal drugs illegal?

The danger to themselves and others is a fair part of it for certain, but there's also a considerable truth to the fact that the drug crisis in America (specifically the crack epidemic in the 90s) was manufactured by the CIA because of some super shady shit they were up to in Nicaragua. Beyond that, managing a 'war on drugs' has proven to be a rich source of income for all the agencies involved. Look at the LAPD. They've basically been kitted out as well as the military for *decades* longer than any other police force. Add on top of that graft, bribery and full prisons (which receive more money the fuller they are), why would ANYONE want to legalize all drugs and hold users responsible when you could drop a 19 year old kid holding a dime bag of weed into prison for 15 years? (/s), *especially* if that kid wasn't *white*. BEYOND THAT, you've got Big Pharma, who is and has been legitimately pushing pills to the masses since before the 60s. That is a multi-billion dollar a year industry, if not pushing into the trillions by now. THEY will not allow street drugs of any efficiency to become legal because then no one will need their drugs to feel better about their lives.


Question: How does the U.S. government read the FCC comments?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does the U.S. government read the FCC comments?

Real simple, they don't. They aggregate similar letters and count them up and weight them to get a concensus. Then they disregard the letters and do what they want anyway, they don't have enough to answer to us. We don't sign their checks so why would they listen to our baseless opinions?


Question: How can Apple deploy the new iOS11 on Millions of new built iPhones in just 1 Week?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can Apple deploy the new iOS11 on Millions of new built iPhones in just 1 Week?

Well-designed manufacturing processes is the how. Most of the devices have already been built and loaded with the firmware. With regards to last minute bugs - that's what MR1 is for.


Question: The Sahara Desert and other large deserts around 30 degrees north are said to be caused by the persistent high pressure in the horse latitudes. However, some extremely fertile areas like the American South, India, etc. are also near the same latitude. How is this possible?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 The Sahara Desert and other large deserts around 30 degrees north are said to be caused by the persistent high pressure in the horse latitudes. However, some extremely fertile areas like the American South, India, etc. are also near the same latitude. How is this possible?

I believe it has alot to do with winds, and the minerals blown from the deserts into these fertile lands


Question: How does an IRA or Roth IRA make money? Is the broker using my money to invest then I'm just getting a cut of what they make?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does an IRA or Roth IRA make money? Is the broker using my money to invest then I'm just getting a cut of what they make?

> Is the broker using my money to invest then I'm just getting a cut of what they make? Close, its: The broker uses your money to invest, then they are just getting a cut of what they make, you keep the rest. > Why can't I just do this myself? You can, but managing your money to the extent they do is a full time job. Its a lot easier for you to just leave it to them. Anyone can invest, but not many can invest well. > What if they take a bigger cut? Then you can go find a broker that will take a smaller cut > Why did the government set up these things in the first place? They want people to save for retirement, so the government can spend less on benefits when they get old. They encourage people to do this by offering tax exempt things like this.


Question: Why do heat waves make what you’re seeing bend? Like the space above a fire?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do heat waves make what you’re seeing bend? Like the space above a fire?

Basically, in the case of both fires and hot ground, hot air rises and interacts with cooler air in little pockets. That means you have lots of tiny pockets of hot air rising around pockets of cooler air with different densities. When light is travelling theough a substance and encounters something with a different density, it often gets bent ( think water, glass, etc). The shimmery, wavy look of the air is basically the result of light being bent as it travels through these pockets of warmer and cooler air of different densities.


Question: What's the difference between using (olive) oil or butter when baking (muffins or cookies)?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What's the difference between using (olive) oil or butter when baking (muffins or cookies)?

Compare olive oil, or another oil, with butter or margarine. Oil: * has no water in it; it's 100% fat * has different kinds of fats compared to butter and dairy margarines - the saturated fats in milk taste "richer" * has no proteins, meaning it won't brown * has a different flavour (sometimes a neutral flavour, sometimes not) * is liquid at room temperature (for most oils). So you can't simply substitute one for the other in a recipe. At the minimum you'll change the texture of the muffin due to the different water content. However if you have a basic conversion guide you could swap one for the other and it won't be massively different.


Question: Why is the constitution given so much importance in the US?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is the constitution given so much importance in the US?

It is the supreme law in our country. It dominates all other laws, as well as defining how the government is structured and how leaders are elected. No law can be written by the Federal (national) government unless the Constitution permits laws of that kind. Any law that conflicts with the Constitution is void. Any rights granted by the Constitution cannot be canceled by any law. People don't claim that it is perfect, only that it is the top law.


Question: Why are most perfume ads bascically soft porn?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are most perfume ads bascically soft porn?

Because sex sells. Basically perfume is meant to attract the opposite sex. Why do you want to attract the opposite sex? To have sex of course. So in the ads they are showing you your end goal.


Question: Why all the companies are now investing in the United States; for example, Fiat?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why all the companies are now investing in the United States; for example, Fiat?

Trump proposed that if companies leave the US he will create a strong border tax. If companies start investing in the US it means they will not have to pay this Tax or maybe they will be exempt from it. Hence why ford just backed out of Mexico and a 1.something billion dollar plant. Border tax and how it would work as explained to a 5 year old. Ford makes a car in US, car sells for 30,000 Ford moves to Mexico, Car is now TAXED and now has to sell for 40,000. (they need to make up for the tax they where just charged, so to off settle it they need to increase the cars sales price) well who's going to by a ford when they can buy a car that is = in performance and 10,000 cheaper cause its here in the US. By keeping companies in the US it would keep Jobs here as well as people would continue to keep buying vehicles. But Tax and locations are not what will kill the car industry, it will be automation.


Question: How do lottery retailers at grocery stores work? Like do they get money and pay the state lottery system or is it just in thats store?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do lottery retailers at grocery stores work? Like do they get money and pay the state lottery system or is it just in thats store?

The retailer gets a percentage of the total amount of lottery ticket sales plus a percentage of any winning tickets that were sold in that location, regardless of where those tickets are paid out. The location is also reimbursed for any prizes that they personally pay out, regardless of whether the tickets were sold there or not. The percentages vary from state to state but 5% of sales plus 1% of winning tickets is pretty common. So lets say that your store sells $1,000 in tickets, 1 of those tickets won $10,000, which they paid out, and they also paid out $5,000 to 3 winning tickets that weren't bought in the store. The store gets fully reimbursed for the $15,000 in prizes that they paid out. Then they get $50 as a commission on the $1,000 in sales. Then they get a $100 bonus for the winning ticket they sold. In total, the lottery owes the store $15,150 while the store owes the lottery $1,000, so at the end of the month the lottery sends them a check for $14,150. Lets say that there are the same $1,000 in ticket sales but no winners from that store and no winning tickets cashed there. All the store gets is its $50 commission so at the end of the month it pays the lottery $950.


Question: The Student Loan bubble, the housing bubble, and what happens when they burst?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 The Student Loan bubble, the housing bubble, and what happens when they burst?

Student loans aren't a bubble that can burst... it's so fundamentally a different thing than a housing bubble. In a housing bubble, people got loans for homes they couldn't afford but when they couldn't pay then the houses were foreclosed upon. The banks took back the asset, but because there were so many taken back it caused the prices plummet due to basic supply and demand principals. Student loans, on the other hand are not something one can simply turn back to the lender. as a result, the debt is typically not expungeable through bankruptcy or other means that asset backed loans can be. And there is no secondary market for used degrees. You can't simply turn back or sell your degree to somebody else if you can't pay the debts. As such, there is no flooding the market with cheap degrees. People will continue to owe on their student loans. People may see the impact of going into such debt for college and may choose not to go, choose cheaper options, or schools may begin to lower tuition/increase aid. But there will be no bubble like in the housing market.


Question: Why do share owners lend their shares to short sellers?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do share owners lend their shares to short sellers?

When a share owner is lending a share out like this, they are being paid a fee for it. Not a very big fee but... That is still more than getting nothing during that same period from the share just sitting in your account.


Question: Why do cells have the urge to replicate?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do cells have the urge to replicate?

Ultimately this is just a wrongly composed question: Cells don't "want" anything, they don't "think", they just "**are**". So cells don't *want* to replicate, they *are* things that replicate. They are this way because they are based on cells in the past which replicated best; there were some variants which didn't replicate very well but as a consequence there weren't very many more of them and they aren't around today. Cells which replicate well become more numerous, and if you wait long enough only those which are good at doing so are left.


Question: how do touch screens work that they can be manipulated by my hand, but not accidentally by my sleeve?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how do touch screens work that they can be manipulated by my hand, but not accidentally by my sleeve?

They are capacitive touchscreens. They rely on human skin or a special conductor to sense where you pressed, instead of just registering a press like older touchscreens. URL_0


Question: Why does saliva feel like it has no taste? Is it actually tasteless?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does saliva feel like it has no taste? Is it actually tasteless?

You're desensitized to your own saliva. Just like a dog owner (I'm one) doesn't think their house smells like dog, but anyone without a dog smells it as soon as they walk in the door


Question: How does Japanese multiplication work? Why does this work?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does Japanese multiplication work? Why does this work?

It's literally the standard, basic long-form multiplication algorithm, except you're drawing lines rather than just multiplying. Check out [this example]( URL_0 ) If we were do to this the old fashioned way, we'd do: 23 x12 --- 46 +23 ---- 276 And, notice, in the image that's exactly what we have: 2 intersections all the way on the left. 4 and 3 intersections in the middle (which we add) and 6 intersections all the way on the right. Intersections = multiplication because each line is crossing each other line. Each line creates that many intersections for each other line it crosses. This is simply repeated addition which is what multiplication is.


Question: Why does a lower pressure result in a more powerful storm?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does a lower pressure result in a more powerful storm?

A low-pressure area is basically one where there's less air than the area around it. Air likes to equalize pressure. A vacuum cleaner works by creating a low-pressure area inside it, so that air rushes in via the hose. Similarly, a low-pressure area in the atmosphere will see wind rushing in towards it; a wind storm. That wind will often carry moisture with it, and the moisture can create clouds; a rain storm. As the wind rushes inwards, it doesn't just fill the low-pressure area directly; it swirls inwards, like swirling water going down a drain. This creates the familiar spiral cyclone appears of a storm. This rotation is aided by the Coriolis Effect, caused by the Earth's rotation. As the rushing wind swirls closer to the center of the low-pressure area, it gets faster and faster, like a figure skater pulling their arms in. These very-fast winds are what cause a storm to be extremely powerful and damaging.


Question: When pouring a liquid, what determines if it pours out nicely or dribbles down the side of the original container?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 When pouring a liquid, what determines if it pours out nicely or dribbles down the side of the original container?

Water is a polar molecule (which means it likes sticking together and with other polar molecules) [ URL_0 ]( URL_1 ) [ URL_3 ]( URL_2 ) In this case, depending on the material the container is made of, it'll have a certain tendency to want to stick to that as well, hence dribbling on the side. The attraction it has is fairly weak, so if you increase the angle, or the amount of water you are pouring, that can overcome it.


Question: How can a weather forecast go from 100% chance of it happening to not happening at all?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can a weather forecast go from 100% chance of it happening to not happening at all?

That just means the forecast was wrong. Regardless of the percentage, the forecast is still a prediction. A "100% chance of rain" just means "I am absolutely, positively certain that it will rain, no doubt about it". Then, it might just...not rain. Oops - looks like they shouldn't have been so sure about that prediction.


Question: What is the Zenneck Wave? How does it work? How can Zenneck Wave transfer "utility-scale" electrical power wirelessly?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is the Zenneck Wave? How does it work? How can Zenneck Wave transfer "utility-scale" electrical power wirelessly?

> We were recently informed that we might be getting this technology at work Oh darn, prepare your resume because your company is getting scammed. In theory a "Zenneck Wave" is a special kind of wave which uses the Earth's surface as a wave guide to... tack together word salad apparently. The idea is basically identical to the classic "Tesla's wireless power" idea and while that at least isn't entirely impossible it suffers from being incredibly inefficient over longer distances. We can charge a phone wirelessly provided you lay it directly on the charging antenna but powering a home from 1000 yards would be wasting 99% of the energy. You can be absolutely sure that this Zenneck Wave isn't ready for commercial applications because even if it did work, which it certainly does not, there wouldn't be any way to charge customers for its use. What is to keep someone from setting up their own wireless receiving node and stealing electricity? Getting back to the importance of updating your resume, we can assume that if upper level management is saying your workplace will be getting this technology then your company is likely investing in the scam itself (there is no reason for this to exist than to gather funding prior to actually delivering on a product). This means when it falls through you won't be getting your Christmas bonus this year.


Question: In simple math equations like 6÷3+2×7, different orders of operations produce different results, why is one more "right" than another?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 In simple math equations like 6÷3+2×7, different orders of operations produce different results, why is one more "right" than another?

Imagine I have four blocks. I add six, and then I take half away. I now have five blocks. Now imagine I have four blocks. I take half away, and then I add six. I now have eight blocks. Same numbers, different order of operations, different results. What this tells us is that the order of operations is arbitrary. It isn't a universal mathematical law. It's a convention that we came up with to make sure that we all mean the same thing when we look at a given equation. All we're doing is coming up with rules that we all agree on about the order in which we're dealing with the blocks.


Question: Why is glass transparent / clear?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is glass transparent / clear?

If you took a pane of glass and tried looking through the end of it to the other end, you'll likely see a lot of green or some other color. It isn't *perfectly* transparent, it just happens to have *really low* opacity until you get to an appreciable thickness. As for *why* it is very transparent, there's just not a lot in the glass that absorbs photons in the visible frequencies, which makes it handy for use as a window. Meanwhile, infrared and some ultraviolet *can* be blocked by glass. A similar idea is an experiment with a glass of water. The water is transparent (unless we're talking dirty water or deep as a pond or something), right? It doesn't absorb those photons in the visible EM spectrum. But if you put some red food coloring in there, the food coloring *does* reflect the photons in the red range, making it look red.


Question: How do applications implement the "Undo" feature while being fast? Wouldn't it take a significant amount of memory to be able to remember the last 50+ states of the application?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do applications implement the "Undo" feature while being fast? Wouldn't it take a significant amount of memory to be able to remember the last 50+ states of the application?

You don't have to remember the previous state of the application. You only have to remember the particular action that was taken so you can know what to reverse. This takes up very little memory by comparison.


Question: If our skin sheds a little every few years, how do permanent tattoos do not completely vanish over the years?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If our skin sheds a little every few years, how do permanent tattoos do not completely vanish over the years?

The ink goes in between the skin cells not just on the skin cells. So it's still left behind when new cells form. This is an oversimplification and there's more that goes into it but basically yeah, it's that


Question: When you look up at the sky and some stars seem clearly closer than others; is that reality or mind playing tricks?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 When you look up at the sky and some stars seem clearly closer than others; is that reality or mind playing tricks?

The real trick is, those stars are not where you see them. In reality they are in a totally different place.


Question: Whats the difference between sugar in fruits, sugar in sweets, sugar in normal food (like potatoes, meat) and raw white sugar that I buy in supermarket? Which one is worse for my health?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Whats the difference between sugar in fruits, sugar in sweets, sugar in normal food (like potatoes, meat) and raw white sugar that I buy in supermarket? Which one is worse for my health?

Sugar is a category of molecules, including monosaccharides (one molecule, like glucose or fructose), disaccharides (two monosaccharides stuck together, eg 1 Glucose + 1 Fructose = 1 Sucrose), and polysaccharides (many mono or disaccharides stuck together, eg Starch which is a whole bunch of glucoses). The sugar you find in fruit is mostly fructose. Fructose is a lot sweeter than glucose or sucrose, which means less of it is required to create the taste of sweetness. Many artificial sweeteners are fructose-based. Fructose is also less versatile than glucose in terms of what the body can use it for. The sugar in sweets is typically sucrose, as is raw white sugar. Sucrose is broken down into 1 glucose and 1 fructose in your small intestine. The glucose is subsequently stored in the liver, whilst the fructose behaves like fructose. Generally, you need more sucrose to create a flavour of sweetness than you do fructose, however, sucrose is also *waaaaay* easier to make and also quite a lot easier to work with, which is why it's the go to sugar for things like baking. The sugar in things like potatoes and meat *tend* to be glucose-based polysaccharides. In potatoes, this is starch. This kind of sugar you probably hear referred to most often as "carbohydrates". They're the carbohydrates that don't count as "of which sugar" on food labels. These sugars take quite a while for your digestive tract to digest, and are also very easily stored by the liver (the first stop of the blood after the small intestine, where glucose is absorbed), meaning that these large glucose-based polysaccharides are much less of an issue for blood sugar levels than sucrose is. Also, these polysaccharides don't taste sweet, which means they don't activate the brain's dopamine very much, and thus it's much harder to over-eat. Bonus round: Lactose sugars found in milk and other dairy products are even less sweet than glucose, but is pretty much identical to glucose in terms of function since the body rapidly converts it into glucose. However, most humans can't actually digest lactose at all. No sugar is directly worse for your health than any other. The real danger of sugar is that it can be addictive, and as a sweet substance, is also something we can be prone to eating far too much of just by accident. Sucrose in particular dissolves spectacularly well, so you can pack a *ton* of it into pretty much anything you want, like coke.


Question: Why can't a phone connect to multiple speakers via bluetooth?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why can't a phone connect to multiple speakers via bluetooth?

It has to do with the frequency range of Bluetooth, and the fact that your devices don't have two transmitters.


Question: How do scientists determine the calorie content of a food item? And the nutrient content?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do scientists determine the calorie content of a food item? And the nutrient content?

They literally burn it, as far as I can tell. We got to do this in Chemistry with Pringles and a can of water suspended above the burning Pringles. We used a butt load of foil to direct all the hear towards the can. URL_0 Edit* My guess is that they use lasers to burn a piece and then measure the heat given off. As far as nutrient content I am not sure of the methodology.


Question: Why can cleaning products never get that .01% of bacteria?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why can cleaning products never get that .01% of bacteria?

Marketing. They don't wanna get sued if/when their product fails to get that 0.01% of bacteria, particularly when it's probably going to be a failure on the consumer's side of things, rather than the manufacturer's fault.


Question: VPNs. What are they? Are they Legal? Are they free to use? Are they completely secure too?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 VPNs. What are they? Are they Legal? Are they free to use? Are they completely secure too?

> ELI5: VPNs. What are they? Ever thought of using somebody else's computer to check on something that might raise suspicion at home? Eg, you want to download some porn, but your parents would really frown on that. So you go to a friend's house instead, because their parents wouldn't notice or care, and this way you leave no traces of what you were doing where your parents could be watching. Well, VPNs are sort of like that. You're connecting through somebody else's internet connection. This often gets used for remote work, when you want to work as if you were present at the office. Or, you can buy such a service from providers who sell it for the purpose of making your connection go through another country entirely, so that your ISP and/or government doesn't know what you were up to. > Are they Legal? Depends on the country. > Are they free to use? Depends. Your workplace might give you one for free. But in general you pay for them. You'd best not do anything weird with your work-provided one, too. It's almost certain to be monitored. > Are they completely secure too? You're sending all your internet traffic through somebody else's computer. Which means you're changing who can keep an eye on you. Say, in the above example, you escape your parents' oversight, but place yourself under your friend's parents' oversight instead. It's up to you to decide whether that works out favorably or not. Generally, unless you're doing something illegal, it's unlikely any VPN provider would have any interest in your porn tastes, which is a great improvement if your government is. VPN providers that offer them for privacy reasons generally promise that they set things up in such a way that your usage doesn't leave any traces on their system, and that they couldn't tell the police what you were doing if they came knocking. This is generally in their interest, because nobody would pay a provider that was too friendly with law enforcement. However, this might be a lie, their setup might not be as good as they think it is, and their local government might be able to force their hand.


Question: Why is it that when people are alone for a long time, they go insane?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it that when people are alone for a long time, they go insane?

I don't think that's universally true. There are many people that spend very long periods in isolation and don't go insane. They probably lose a lot of their social skills, but that doesn't equal insanity. I think the important part is being able to keep your mind occupied and stimulated. If you're trapped in an empty room for a long time, then yeah you'll probably lose it a lot faster than someone who just lives by themselves with no human contact.


Question: When alcohol dissolves something, where does the dissolved substance go?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 When alcohol dissolves something, where does the dissolved substance go?

Whatever was dissolved will still be there just broken down into much smaller pieces. The distribution will be much more evenly spread. If there is a chemical reaction it may create a gas that will be released in which case the properties of what was dissolved won’t entirely be in the alcohol.


Question: How can doctors not know what is causing an infection?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can doctors not know what is causing an infection?

Bacteria are microscopic, and you're covered in them. It takes time and testing to figure out which ones are hurting you.


Question: Why people get diarrhea when stressed?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why people get diarrhea when stressed?

Your body can't tell the difference between stress and fear. In stressful/fearful situations, your body is ready for "fight or flight". It prepares itself to use its muscles by releasing certain chemicals. Other secondary functions such as digesting food properly, are put on hold. Because your muscles are tense, you get stiff shoulders when stressed. Because you aren't digesting properly, you get diarrhea.


Question: Why does the tongue burn so easily?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does the tongue burn so easily?

It's evolutionarily advantageous to burn your tongue at temperatures lower than burning the rest of your body. If you put something hot in your mouth and it burns you it's possible to spit the thing out, once you swallow it you're stuck with it and it's gonna burn up your insides(much worse than burning your mouth).


Question: Why can't a function have one input with two outputs?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why can't a function have one input with two outputs?

Because that is how functions are defined, they always have one output. That output can have two parts, like a vector or a complex number, but a function will always only have one output.


Question: Isn't Social Security essentially a Ponzi Scheme?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Isn't Social Security essentially a Ponzi Scheme?

No. A ponzi scheme is supposed to give investors a guaranteed rate of return, usually a high one. Social Security doesn't make that promise, and the increase is only tied to inflation. Second, social security was supposed to set up a trust to hold/invest money put into it. Unfortunately, politicians can't think long term when they have people asking for handouts now, so they regularly raid social security. Third, a ponzi scheme only works if more and more people come into the scheme because you need additional people to pay out the return. Social Security doesn't really need that since the number of people retiring is usually less than the number of people working at a given time. It does get into trouble when the workforce decreases though.


Question: What makes Poker more than a game of luck?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What makes Poker more than a game of luck?

This reminds me of a[ scene from Star Trek: TNG where Data, an android plays poker for the first time]( URL_0 ). Essentially, he believes he should be able to win at poker by breaking it down simply into its mathematical components. Basically, playing statistics. What he didn't account for is the act of bluffing, and he loses when he folds his relatively strong hand to someone else's extremely weak hand. So... 1. Statistics are very important in poker - knowing how likely your hand is likely to win based off of the cards you have and depending on the variety of poker, what cards your opponents have. 2. There's also a very strong emphasis on the social aspects - Simply raising when you have a good hand and folding everytime you have a bad hand will likely mean a loss. You need to be able to bluff and read other people.


Question: Who decides on the currency exchange rate?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Who decides on the currency exchange rate?

The market decides exchange rates. Lets say you're a Canadian, and you really like some American product. Now the American producer doesn't really have any need for Canadian dollars since they live in the US (not really but this is just a really simplified version of it), but there is someone in the US who wants to buy some Canadian good, which they're going to need Canadian dollars for. Now the Canadian needs American dollars, and the American needs Canadian dollars, so they can trade, so that they can both buy the other countries goods. So that should explain why people want to exchange currencies. Once you understand that, it becomes a fairly simple example of supply and demand. There are people who are willing to supply the currency, and people who want to buy the currency (or they demand it). At the intersection of these two points, a price is set. Now when either the supply or demand change for any reason (changing interest rate in a country is one that can effect exchange rates, as can differing levels of demand for foreign products), the rate between the currencies changes.


Question: Why are we trying to get in contact with aliens if messages will take millions or billions of years to go back and forth? (And they might not even be able to catch it or decipher it then)

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are we trying to get in contact with aliens if messages will take millions or billions of years to go back and forth? (And they might not even be able to catch it or decipher it then)

I don't think anyone is trying to find a *conversation* here. Any sign of intelligent life present elsewhere in the universe would be interesting, even if it was just alien sitcom broadcasts we accidentally receive.


Question: How do other people slow down my connection speed?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do other people slow down my connection speed?

Imagine a water pipe. If you're the only person using it you get full pressure. The more connections to that pipe the weaker the pressure.