Question: Is the nothingness surrounding our universe a different type of nothingness compared to the empty space (nothingness) between two atoms?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Is the nothingness surrounding our universe a different type of nothingness compared to the empty space (nothingness) between two atoms?

**tl;dr** - There's no such thing as empty space, the Vacuum is actually full of disappearing and reappearing particles and anti-matter particles. It's a sea of quantum vacuum fluctuations. Here's a [visual representation]( URL_0 ) of the Vacuum, or "empty space". While you present a good question, intuitively, it breaks down once you understand that there is no such thing as "nothingness", or "empty space". Also, there is no consensus for what's outside of our Universe. That can't be answered at the moment and only exists in theory. Now I'll explain the [Vacuum state]( URL_3 ), or Quantum Vacuum. "Empty space", as many tend to think about it, isn't empty at all. The Vacuum is governed by Werner Heisenberg's [uncertainty principle]( URL_2 ); which states that it's impossible to both measure the momentum and position of a particle. You will have a degree of uncertainty for one or the other. This means that no particle can be truly at rest. This uncertainty can be interpreted as the residual energy of the Vacuum state. When there seems to be nothing, there is something. The energy of the Vacuum is defined by zero-point fluctuations, or quantum vacuum fluctuations. The Vacuum consists of continuously appearing and disappearing particles. These particles are "virtual particles" as opposed to real particles. They cannot be directly observed, but their effects are measured in experiment. For example; a hydrogen atom in the Vacuum of space will see a change in it's lowest energy level due to these virtual particles. The particles are created in pairs of matter and anti-matter particles of opposite charge, and they annihilate continuously. In the instant that the Vacuum is full of these pairs, the particles leave their signature behind by effecting the energy levels of atoms. Virtual particles borrow energy from the Vacuum, but then must immediately give it back. Check out the [Casimir Effect]( URL_1 ) which also explains the effects of virtual particles. **Edit**: Sorry, I didn't really explain this like you're 5. /s


Question: - what's the difference between the modes on a calculator?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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 - what's the difference between the modes on a calculator?

Do you mean deg, rad and grad? It's different units of angle measurements. You have to tell the calculator if the '30' you are inputting is 30 degrees, radians or gradians. Otherwise you might misinterpret the output of your trigonometric functions. Depending on the application and field one type might be prefered. Degree (historically most used, has many integer divisors): 1 circle = 360 deg Radian (beneficial to use from a math perspective): 1 circle = 2 pi rad Gradian (attempts at a metric angle measurement): 1 circle = 400 gon (gradian) Also see: URL_0


Question: Why does Tupperware not dry in the dishwasher like all the other dishes do?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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 Why does Tupperware not dry in the dishwasher like all the other dishes do?

Two reasons: It's plastic, which doesn't hold heat as well as glass or ceramic, so the water trapped in it cools off faster and doesn't evaporate as quickly. Also, it tends to have more places that can trap water, so there's more water that needs to evaporate.


Question: The Earth is constantly exposed to energy from the sun. But the average temperature on earth is always the same. Does earth send out equal amounts of energy as it absorbs from space? And how so?

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 The Earth is constantly exposed to energy from the sun. But the average temperature on earth is always the same. Does earth send out equal amounts of energy as it absorbs from space? And how so?

Both the sun and earth radiate heat away by black-body radiation. In fact all matter with a temperature above absolute zero will have black-body radiation. The sun is warm so it will emit visible light but earth is a lot colder so it radiate away in invisible infrared. If you have seen metal that is heated up in a forge or even the heating element in a toaster the light that is emitted is because the are hot enough so the black-body radiation include visible light. The heat you feel from something that is hot is the infrared black-body radiation. So the temperature is the equilibrium where the energy incoming radiation from the sun is the same as the outgoing radiation from earth. Part of it is reflected light (30% of the incoming sunlight) and part is black-body radiation from earth. If earth did not have a atmosphere that work like a blanket the equilibrium is a average temperature of −18 °C (0 °F). The Greenhouse effect of the atmosphere will heat up the surface by 33 °C (59 °F) to the average of 14 °C (57 °F). If you look at it closely earth radiate away more energy then is absorb from the sun. The inside of earth is warm and the core have the same temperature as the surface of the sun. It is slowly cooling down so there is a net energy transfer from the inside of earth to the surface. The amount of energy is only 0.03% of energy in the sunlight so in most cases it not relevant.


Question: Why don’t nuts seem to go bad like other food? (mold, fungus, etc.)

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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[Your final answer goes here]
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 Why don’t nuts seem to go bad like other food? (mold, fungus, etc.)

Nuts do have a lifespan. I will provide a link at the end that gives you average life spans of nuts but lets stick with pecans for now. Unshelled pecans can last up to 2 years if frozen and 9 months if refrigerated (which its recommended to refrigerate pecans). Shelled pecans will last 9-12 months if frozen and about 6 months if refrigerated. General signs of expiry; they look dried up, discolored, smell rancid or like used cooking oil and a bitter or stale taste. Its not necessarily unsafe to eat rancid pecans (any mold present may make you want to reconsider) however they will have less nutritional value and won't taste anywhere near as good a fresh ones. In your case it may just be that they were stored under the right conditions that most of the above symptoms have been reduced (i'm speculating though). I would say if you got a fresh bag of pecans and A/B'd them you would see a significant difference in taste and quality. Link for other nuts references: [ URL_0 ]( URL_0 )


Question: How does a washing machine actually clean clothes?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How does a washing machine actually clean clothes?

The spin cycle isn't for cleaning. It's to remove most of the water. The cleaning cycle twists the drum back and forth to move the clothes, soap, water around and the agitator (the thing in the middle) helps make bubbles and make things rub against each other. Basically it makes the items scrub against each other which removes the dirt.


Question: Why isn't there atmosphere on the moon like there is on earth?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why isn't there atmosphere on the moon like there is on earth?

The moon is much smaller than the earth, its gravitation is lower, so melocules don't stick with it. Moreover, it has no magnetic field, which means that solar wind can "blow" the atmosphere away.


Question: Whats the difference between a wifi router, a router and a modem?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Whats the difference between a wifi router, a router and a modem?

A router is a device that lets you connect several devices in a local network. A wireless router is the same thing, except that the devices connect to it worelessly (although it usually contains a couple of ethernet ports). A modem is what connects you to the internet. Some modems also functions as routers, so you don't need two separate devices. What you want is a wifi extender.


Question: Why are there sudden changes of temperature when you’re walking near a running body of water?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are there sudden changes of temperature when you’re walking near a running body of water?

Evaporation takes away heat energy from the surroundings. So the water is sucking up energy, causing the surrounding temperature to fall. In a still body of water, the warm water rises to the top. This layer of warm water doesn't absorb that much heat before it evaporates. In a moving body of water, this layer gets mixed up, bringing cooler water up to the top, which can absorb more heat to evaporate. This is why the area near a moving body of water feels cooler than a still body of water.


Question: Why do Atomic Fusion stops at Iron?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 Why do Atomic Fusion stops at Iron?

When you fuse small atoms, like hydrogen, it releases energy. This is how the sun works for example. But doing it in reverse (splitting helium to hydrogen) takes energy. When you split big atoms, like uranium, it releases energy. This is how nuclear reactors work. But again, doing it in reverse (combining xenon and strontium into uranium) takes energy. Iron is the crossover point between the two, where fusing it goes from producing energy, to consuming energy. So most stars stop there.


Question: What’s the stuff that falls off the hot metal in metal forging?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 What’s the stuff that falls off the hot metal in metal forging?

That's called scale. Its an oxide, and basically a layer of rust from the heat. It doesn't "look rusty", but it indeed is a layer of iron oxide. Every time you heat the metal, you loose some metal to oxidation because of the composition. Its mostly iron with some carbon and other things. Forging temperatures require oxidizing flames (as in forced air) of sorts to make the flames hot enough to make metal malleable, and those oxidizing flames oxidize the metals themselves.


Question: How did the US lose Vietnam War despite winning the more challenging and more dangerous World War II?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How did the US lose Vietnam War despite winning the more challenging and more dangerous World War II?

The *form* of warfare was different. It wasn't just two countries fighting each other directly, attempting to defeat the enemy forces and occupy territory. In Vietnam, the war was mainly fought over control of *South Vietnam*. North Vietnam was attempting to annex control over South Vietnam, and was using a combination of its own forces sneaking into the South, as well as the assistance of local Southern forces known as the National Liberation Front (Viet Cong). The United States was attempting to assist the Southern government in crushing these local rebels and the armed incursions by the North into Southern territory. But they got bogged down fighting a guerrilla war that the Americans and South Vietnamese were not equipped to win. There's a couple reasons for this. First, the South Vietnamese government was extremely unpopular. Perhaps not the majority, but a sizeable minority of the population were openly supportive of the NLF and wanted the North to win. They were willing to provide cover and assistance to the NLF and Northern troops. And of the rest of the population that were not supportive of the NLF and the North, still the majority of them were not supporters of the government. They were mainly composed of Buddhists angry at Catholic-minority control of the government, and other anti-government factions. These people were not happy to be drafted into the Southern military, and the Southern forces were plagued by low morale, desertion, poor training, and corruption. Second, the resolve and the manpower of the North and the NLF were nearly inexhaustible. The US committed massive bombing of North Vietnam throughout the war to pressure them to exit the war, but despite their heavy casualties (civilian and military), they were determined to rid all of Vietnam of what they saw as a continuation of colonial rule in the US-backed Southern regime. And in the South, US forces inflicted heavy casualties consistently against NLF and Northern forces, but no matter how many they killed, there were always more to replace them. Looking at the entirety of Vietnam, the strong majority of the population supported the NLF and the Northern government. There were always more young boys and girls willing to fight and die against foreign forces in their country. World War 2 was simply an entirely separate beast. It was not a guerrilla war.


Question: Why does mental illness seem more common today?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does mental illness seem more common today?

Because gradually people are becoming more open and accepting of discussing mental illness, so it seems more common when the general population assess their own mental state in a more open minded manner. It has always been this common, but people didn't talk about it.


Question: How does Saturn maintain such uniform patterns on its disks?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does Saturn maintain such uniform patterns on its disks?

Saturn's rings are inside the Roche limit. That's the minimum distance a moon can orbit a body without being torn apart by tidal forces. Once a.moon gets closer than that it will break up and form a ring system. Initially it will be chunky and have lots of rocks of different sizes, but over time the larler rocks will get broken down by collisions with smaller rocks in nearby orbits, until the all the rocks are roughly the same size and aren't likely to keep bumping into one another. Also bear in mind that we've only been looking at Saturn's rings for a very small amount of time . If you could make a time lapse video of the rings over thousands or millions of years, it probably wouldn't look so unchanging.


Question: does the container of drinks really change the flavor?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 does the container of drinks really change the flavor?

Glass leaches fewer chemicals and is unaffected by temperatures and light generally. Other containers tend to be more effected by light (plastic) and temperatures (aluminum) so the glass is as close to pure taste as you can generally get.


Question: What happens when we crack our back and why does it feel good?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What happens when we crack our back and why does it feel good?

The synovial fluid in your joints accumulate glasses like co2 and nitrogen over a while. Stretching your back releases all these gasses and is the source of the ever so satisfying pop sounds


Question: What is actually being moved when radio waves are being made? I understand atoms moving when sound is being made, or heat being exchanged across atoms. But what is actually oscillating when radio waves are being made? Or light, or radiation, for that matter? What moves?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is actually being moved when radio waves are being made? I understand atoms moving when sound is being made, or heat being exchanged across atoms. But what is actually oscillating when radio waves are being made? Or light, or radiation, for that matter? What moves?

Nothing. Electromagnetic waves don't need a medium to propagate. Basically what is changing is the magnetic and electric field.


Question: Why are pop up ads such a big thing when the vast majority of the time they're immediately closed?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are pop up ads such a big thing when the vast majority of the time they're immediately closed?

Pop up ads have somewhat died down over the past 10 years or so. This is because most people now understand exactly what a pop up ad is and why they didn’t actually win 1,000,000 or whatever. You will notice now that the most recent try of ad is the ‘FBI Virus’ or similar. This ad claims your computer is broken or you did some bad thing and must call this number and pay lots of $$$$ or you will be arrested etc. There is also the ‘browser hijack’ style where some ad seems to appear as an error message, something to the effect of “you need adobe flash player to view this” and then you click on it to supposedly download adobe flash. You’re actually not. Your downloading a very stingy piece of software called a PUP, or Potentially Unwanted Program. These will change your homepage, search engine, even cause more pop ups. But basically, to answer your question, these ads preyed on the lack of knowledge the general public has towards computers and cyber security. Because we now pretty much all know what a pop up ad is, we close it, but back when they first started they were just as successful as today’s fake Microsoft support technicians from India. The reason they are still around is some people still don’t get it, and the people running these ads like to cling to their old ways haha. Hope this helps!


Question: Why are the natural numbers and the even natural numbers equinumerous?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are the natural numbers and the even natural numbers equinumerous?

First of all, argue that if we have two sets and are able to map each element of one set to exactly one element of the other set and vice versa, then the sets are equinumerous. This is quite obvious and easy to prove; if you have X dots on one half of a piece of paper and Y dots on the other, and are able to draw lines connecting each dot with exactly one other on the other side of the paper, then obviously X = Y. Afterwards, assume the set of natural numbers and the set of even natural numbers. Connect each element from the first set to its double on the second set. Since you have successfully established a bijective mapping between the two sets, they are indeed equinumerous. If your father is still not convinced, remind him that we are talking about infinitely many numbers; we will always be able to map each number of a set with exactly one number of the other set, simply because the numbers never end. If we had the finite sets {1,2,3,4} and {2,4}, then this obviously wouldn't be the case.


Question: What chemicals are added to cigarettes and what is their purpose?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What chemicals are added to cigarettes and what is their purpose?

Be aware those "there are 500 dangerous chemicals in cigarette smoke" ads are highly misleading. If you burn just about **any** organic material, a lot of chemicals get created, and most can be dangerous under the right circumstance, a campfire would produce about as many. Water and carbon dioxide are both "chemicals" and "dangerous", and both are produced by cigarettes. Make no mistake, smoking is really, really bad for you, but that statement is mostly propaganda design to use people's ignorance about "chemicals" against them.


Question: How does rubbing alcohol melt ice?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How does rubbing alcohol melt ice?

Because a mixture of alcohol and water has a lower freezing point. Even though the water is initially in a solid state (ice), it will still mix up with the alcohol and thus "melt".


Question: Why is it that phone these days aren’t completely water proof? I get that the boards are sensitive to it, but can’t they just use water proof paint on them?

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[Your final answer goes here]
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 Why is it that phone these days aren’t completely water proof? I get that the boards are sensitive to it, but can’t they just use water proof paint on them?

Unfortunately your phone board, battery and electronics all generate heat. That heat has to go somewhere and usually out through some part of the case is where. Adding paint to it will reduce the ability of the heat to dissipate. Furthermore, the case has to be in two parts so you can get the board and the screen and all of the guts into it. And where you plug headphones, USB cable, buttons... these are all holes in the case that have to be sealed. And proper water sealing is hard - to do it right requires the right material, careful manufacturing processes and all that adds up to $cost. If you over-tighten a screw just a little bit, this crimps the waterproofing gasket a little creating a hole that water can get through. So there are numerous ruggedized and completely waterproof phones. But they're $expensive, of if they're NOT $expensive they are lacking some features that perhaps other phones have in order to keep the cost down.


Question: how does a p-value accept or reject a null-hypothesis?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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 how does a p-value accept or reject a null-hypothesis?

Let's say you have a die you believe is loaded. You want to prove it, so you do an experiment and start rolling. Your hypothesis is: the die is loaded The null hypothesis is: the die is fair You roll it once and get a 6. Is it loaded? Maybe, or the null hypothesis might be true, and just got lucky. **That's what the p value is, how lucky would you have to be in order to get that result by chance.** In this case, chance is 1 in 6, so p = 0.17. You roll it again, and another 6. The odds of two 6's is 1 in 36, or p = 0.028. p < 0.05 is considered scientifically interesting, so now we are on to something. Does that mean the die was loaded? No! First and foremost, a low p value just means the null hypothesis probably isn't true. We could have just easily been testing for telekinesis, and you'd need a lot more than two rolls of a die to prove that. We know something is going on, but the p value doesn't tell us what. Also, you have the possibility of experiment and methodological error. Is the way you are rolling affecting the outcome? There is a reason they make backgammon players use dice cups. Are you analyzing the data properly, or are you picking and choosing your results?


Question: How is it that mixing standard supermarket honey and traditional barbecue sauce results in a sauce that is thinner than either of the inputs?

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 How is it that mixing standard supermarket honey and traditional barbecue sauce results in a sauce that is thinner than either of the inputs?

As u/pulpinator pointed out, it's probably due to you basically diluting one in the other. Assuming your statement to be true: The sugars are further apart from each other so the honey/sauce combo gets thinner or less viscous than either component on their own. If both honey and bbq sauce have different sugars in different ratios, putting together in one delicious honey bbq sauce changes how those sugars organize and see each other. My reasoning: Relevant plot from RG. At high concentration, sucrose has highest relative viscosity followed by glucose then fructose (and honey). Since both products have different sugars, you effectively dilute them to some extent in the combo sauce, thereby lowering the viscosity. URL_0


Question: Why aren't hydroponic/ vertical farms more common in major cities?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 Why aren't hydroponic/ vertical farms more common in major cities?

I’ve been around hydroponics with my ag internship. It’s a tricky thing that is still being worked out. Getting the correct nutrient levels per plant varies and I’ve never seen anything grow as large as it would in a conventional field. Not to mention with new “aeroponics” with a mist rather than contact with water it gets even more complicated. Then there’s UV lights which you need to buy and power rather than, uh, the sun. And I’ve only seen leafy greens and mushrooms produced hydroponically, stuff that grows in the ground has yet to find an alternative. Huge gourds, potatoes, tomatoes, zucchini, eggplant etc. haven’t really been tried yet. If you haven’t read into [this]( URL_0 ) it’s a good place to start learning about what’s needed to start up. I hear about this a lot because I live near it and had some class mates work here. It’s still being narrowed down and researched. But to answer your question. Grants, partnerships, and some more R & D is going to be needed before this reaches a practical level to be affordable to the common person. TL;DR: Still being researched and expensive.


Question: What is the difference between the usual GDP (nominal) and GDP in terms of PPP?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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[Your final answer goes here]
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 What is the difference between the usual GDP (nominal) and GDP in terms of PPP?

The PPP adjustment is a way to more accurately compare countries from a standard-of-living perspective. For example you've probably heard: "Nike pays workers in Vietnam $5/per day to stitch shoes!", or something similar? Well, we can't directly compare that "exploited" Vietnamese worker to an American worker without considering the difference between what $1 buys in America vs $1 buys in Vietnam. The PPP adjustment to GDP attempts to account for those differences so that we can better compare two countries' economies


Question: How are victims of severe starvation (such as holocaust survivors), safely brought back to a healthy weight?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How are victims of severe starvation (such as holocaust survivors), safely brought back to a healthy weight?

In an ideal clinical setting, a person with malnutrition will be monitored very closely for changes in electrolytes. These electrolytes, usually potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium in particular, will probably need to be supplemented. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) should also be supplemented. Fluids should be monitored and may need to be limited at first. When you first start feeding someone that is malnourished, you "start low and go slow," mainly in regards to carbohydrates which will affect the metabolism of those electrolytes. This process is typically the first few days of feeding a malnourished person. Source: ICU dietitian, I specialize in feeding these patients


Question: Some blood test results are in units like mg/dL. If you drink water it increases your blood volume so the phlebotomist can draw better. How does the change in volume not affect the results?

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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 Some blood test results are in units like mg/dL. If you drink water it increases your blood volume so the phlebotomist can draw better. How does the change in volume not affect the results?

Lets say average body weight is 80kg. 60% of that is water, so 48kg. Thats 48 liters of water. Max rate of internal water absobtion is 1 liter per hour, and that is an extreme rate when severely dehydrated. So even at the most extreme rates, you would only see ~2% change per hour. Once you're sufficiently hydrated, excess water is easily passed to the bladder. This doesn't even touch on the additional regulatory mechanisms your body has in place to maintain specific blood chemistry ranges.


Question: How does noise cancelling work?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How does noise cancelling work?

Active noise cancelling works by the headphones having a microphone on the outside that detects environmental noise, and then speakers on the inside that play the opposite soundwave to cancel it out. Sound travels in waves with peaks and valleys, so if it hits another wave with directly opposite peaks and valleys they cancel eachother out.


Question: How does a nose produce a seemingly infinite amount or snot?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How does a nose produce a seemingly infinite amount or snot?

The same way they produce a seemingly infinite amount of red blood cells, or skin cells, or hairs. You eat and drink. Your body processes this material to replenish itself. This replenishment includes making snot, skin, blood cells, and so on. You can blow the snot out of your nose, but your nose is making more as you do it.


Question: What exactly is Santa Tracker, “tracking”?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 What exactly is Santa Tracker, “tracking”?

The NORAD radar system is very advanced and can track Santa’s sleigh with ease. When he comes over the pole, the Air Force will scramble jets to escort him through our airspace.


Question: Why does Icy Hot hurt so badly when it gets on your penis and testicles but doesn’t hurt when it’s put on the rest of your body?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does Icy Hot hurt so badly when it gets on your penis and testicles but doesn’t hurt when it’s put on the rest of your body?

Your genitals are laden with nerves. This serves multiple purposes, chief among which, keeping them safe. This is literally the only way that you are going to create new life and procreate, which selective pressures have driven us to strive to do. So if your genitals feel like they are on fire, it because they are telling you there is danger and you need to act to resolve that danger. It's the same reason a kick to the groin hurts so much worse than a kick of equal force to the arm.


Question: How does the computer physically store information in the memory (RAM)?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does the computer physically store information in the memory (RAM)?

RAM typically uses capacitors and transistors to hold onto an electrical charge. A "high" electrical charge (above half a volt) is a 1 and a "low" charge is a 0. It's much faster than reading and writing to a hard drive, but is volatile (only works while the computer is powered).


Question: Why can't they make showers that have temperature settings separate from the off/on valve since I need the same temperature water pretty much every day?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 Why can't they make showers that have temperature settings separate from the off/on valve since I need the same temperature water pretty much every day?

There are a lot of them, at least here in Germany. Mine looks basically like this: URL_0 Left side is on/off, right side is temperature.


Question: Why are almost all mirrors made of glass? Can't we have glassless mirrors?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 Why are almost all mirrors made of glass? Can't we have glassless mirrors?

So yes, you can polish a lot of different metals until you can see yourself in them. The problem comes from keeping them shiny enough to do so. So when we came up with clear, shiny, flat glass the two just naturally worked together


Question: How is almond/cashew/pistachio milk made?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How is almond/cashew/pistachio milk made?

I've made homemade cashew and Almond milk before. Soak them in water overnight (for cheaper blenders) then add to water (specific measurements needed for amount desired) and blend until smooth. You then strain it through a specific strainer that we just call our "nut bag" and there's your milk. Sweeten and flavor as desired. We've used dates, sugar, vanilla, all kinds of things.


Question: Why are zero-calorie sweeteners used mostly just for beverages rather than food?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are zero-calorie sweeteners used mostly just for beverages rather than food?

Zero calorie sweeteners are hundreds or thousands of times as sweet as sugar. If you make something where sugar is part of the bulk ingredients, like chocolate chip cookies, suddenly you're missing the cup or two of sugar which was a big part of the total volume of the dough, plus it affects the chemical reactions that occur when cooking (sugar browns and caramelizes, this greatly affects the flavour) and overall can affect the texture. So it's easy to use non-sugar sweeteners in say, bubblegum, where the bulk ingredient is gum base, but harder for say a cookie.


Question: How do you order complex numbers?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do you order complex numbers?

Only one-dimensional quantities have the property of 'order' you're talking about. As a result, if you want to 'order' a multi-dimensional value you first need to project it into a single dimension. The common ways to do this for complex numbers would be to either take the magnitude (distance away from the origin) or the angle (rotation off the x-axis).


Question: when you get a cut internally, for example from an operation, what happens to it? Does it scab up like on your skin or does something else happen?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 when you get a cut internally, for example from an operation, what happens to it? Does it scab up like on your skin or does something else happen?

Surgeon here. The same process that happens on the outside happens on the inside: Platelets and proteins in the blood cause clots which help to "seal' the area, and other cells come in over time to heal the wound. It doesn't take the same form as scabs due to the environment (basically it's wet), and the body breaks it down and absorbs it over time. The body also often forms adhesions (bands of tissue sticking nearby structures to each other)


Question: There is a gif on r/gif showing a microbot "delivering" a sperm to an egg. How does said microbot work?

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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 There is a gif on r/gif showing a microbot "delivering" a sperm to an egg. How does said microbot work?

It is *extremely generous* to call it a robot. It is in fact just a metal spiral which is manipulated by a rotating magnetic field. I would simply call it a creative tool which can be remotely manipulated.


Question: Will a red object or a blue object become hotter?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 Will a red object or a blue object become hotter?

You ask a really complex question without a simple answer. You are correct that the red wavelength generally contains less energy than a higher frequency blue wavelength per unit, but you seem to have gotten it backwards in that a red object is *reflecting* red light, the lower energy light, so it is *absorbing* blue which is higher energy. The absorbed light is what turns into heat within the object so you should in concept expect a red object to be hotter and the blue cooler (as it is absorbing the lower energy red and reflecting the high energy blue). But wait, there is more. This all assumes that the light at all frequencies is of similar intensity which isn’t true for sunlight. The atmosphere absorbs light more or less at different frequencies so with that in account we can’t necessarily say that an object is going to be getting more energy via blue light than red. Perhaps even a more significant issue is that we are only considering visible light and not how the objects absorb in things like the ultraviolet or infrared spectrum. Perhaps the dye for blue objects is very absorptive to ultraviolet while the red dye is more reflective, that can factor much more greatly into the resulting temperature than visible light frequency. And finally there is the social aspect which might be impacting your very subjective assessment of object temperature, in that hot water is indicated by red and cool water by blue. This color coding might be subtly influencing your expectations of temperature so we would need to actually test the issue rather than just trust your gut instinct.


Question: What are the financial benefits for a buyer, when purchasing iconic artwork, such as Leonardo da Vinci's Salvator Mundi, which sold for $400million USD?

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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What are the financial benefits for a buyer, when purchasing iconic artwork, such as Leonardo da Vinci's Salvator Mundi, which sold for $400million USD?

Art is a very useful investment for the ultra wealthy (people rich enough to not need their assets to generate regular income to spend) because it's very easy to move relative to anything else worth similar amounts. How many other ways can you move $600 million across national borders in something the size of a large book? Further it not only doesn't generate any taxes while it appreciates, appreciated art can be used to offset taxes via donation. Further art appraisal is very difficult, so it's very hard for the IRS to prove the art one donated wasn't worth the value you claimed.


Question: How are apps like whatsapp profitable when theres no ads on it, no "pro" version and it doesnt cost anything to download?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How are apps like whatsapp profitable when theres no ads on it, no "pro" version and it doesnt cost anything to download?

If a company isn't charging the user anything, then it's likely that they are collecting data about you and selling it to a third party. They do have to make money, and this is how they do it.


Question: How does Type 1 diabetes develop later in life?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does Type 1 diabetes develop later in life?

Type 1 is an autoimmune condition. Essentially your body's own immune system destroys the cells that create insulin (pancreatic beta islet cells). There can be a genetic link and this typically develops early in life, although theoretically could occur at any time as it can be just a random chance that the cells that attack the pancreatic cells are produced by the immune system. It typically presents in childhood or adolescence, and as the cells are broken down over time it can be several years before symptoms become noticeable. In worst case scenarios, and not uncommonly, you don't realise what is happening until you go into a state known as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life threatening but very treatable state. This happens when your body can't use glucose for energy any more, as it needs insulin for this, so it breaks down fat into ketones instead, which have the side effect of making your blood too acidic. If your friend was hospitalised, this is likely what happened to them. Type 1 diabetes is managed by insulin injections, to replace the insulin that is no longer produced. Type 2 diabetes usually occurs later in life. It is insulin insensitivity rather than insufficiency. More common in older, overweight people, your body just becomes desensitised to the effects of insulin so it has a lower effect. DKA is less likely, as there is usually some insulin there which does enough to help you use some of the glucose, but not enough to deal with all of it. Type 2 is managed with diet and medications to lower blood sugar and increase the effects of insulin. In more severe cases insulin can be used as well. These are the classic diabetes categories. They are also known as insulin dependent and insulin independent. In reality, there can be some overlap between the two Edit: added section on type 2 diabetes


Question: Why isn’t work viewed as a pyramid scheme? The guys at the top get all the money while it funnels down to frontline employees.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why isn’t work viewed as a pyramid scheme? The guys at the top get all the money while it funnels down to frontline employees.

Businesses are actually selling a product or providing a service of some kind as their method of generating income. Pyramid schemes rely on roping more people into the pyramid schemes and screwing them out of their money on the startup investment costs, and they in turn doing it to others.


Question: How can archaologists tell how old artifacts are?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can archaologists tell how old artifacts are?

There are multiple tools they use. One is radiocarbon testing. This can give a rough estimate in very old finds. Another is location. If they find an artifact that is between two other artifacts and both of these other artifacts can absolutely be dated (through whatever means) then the artifact in question must have existed in between those two.


Question: Why is dust so omnipresent and no matter how frequently we clean an area, it still comes back?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is dust so omnipresent and no matter how frequently we clean an area, it still comes back?

Dust is just tiny flakes of "stuff". As long as there's "stuff" moving around a room, you'll have dust. A lot of dust is made up of you: dead skin/hair and whatnot, but it's really just any fine particulate that settles on a surface over time.


Question: How electronic configuration and crystal structure of a metal are related?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How electronic configuration and crystal structure of a metal are related?

Shouldn’t this be in chemistry flair? If not correct me but I don’t think it’s a physics question


Question: how do people become introverts/extroverts?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how do people become introverts/extroverts?

Personality is a mix of biological and social factors. You are born with part of it (young children often already hint the personality they have later), but you can change based on your enviroment and upbringing.


Question: Why does squinting help you see better?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does squinting help you see better?

It can also restrict the amount of area that the cornea is using to gather light, increasing the depth of field for near or farsighted people, allowing them to see slightly better at ranges the normally have trouble with. Basically, the smaller the opening, the less focusing your eyes' lenses have to do. Less light gets in but it is better focused. As an experiment, poke a hole in paper with a pin and look through it. Even if you are near or farsighted, the image will be more focused than normal. This is why old "pinhole" cameras did not need lenses.


Question: How do some herbivores, which are among the biggest and most powerful animals on the planet, get so huge eating plants and fruit? Where are they getting the protein from?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do some herbivores, which are among the biggest and most powerful animals on the planet, get so huge eating plants and fruit? Where are they getting the protein from?

Their digestive systems basically have the ability to synthesize the amino acids (proteins) they need from the plant matter they eat. Some of the plant matter they eat will have some proteins in it (nuts, beans, etc) but a good portion is synthesized within the digestive system. Their guts and gut flora (bacteria) will break down the plant matter into smaller, simpler chemical pieces which can be recombined through chemical processes to make the amino acids/proteins they need.


Question: Why can windows only install one thing at a time?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why can windows only install one thing at a time?

Its by design to avoid two files manipulating/corrupting other files and data. You can use third party installers to install multiple things at once though.


Question: Why was Krakatoa's eruption so much louder than other volcanic eruptions?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why was Krakatoa's eruption so much louder than other volcanic eruptions?

One of the leading theories is because of Krakatoa proximity to water. Krakatoa has been erupting for a while before it’s massive explosion, leading to the theory that would of the eruptions had actually plugged the caldera down to the magma chamber, allowing pressure to build. The next step in the theory is that some part of the eruption/building pressure allowed a lot of sea water to rush into the magma chamber. This sea water instantly boiled when hitting the hot magma, creating gas, and a significant amount of pressure. Like how pouring water into a pot of oil will send the oil everywhere (because the water sinks, hits the bottom of the pan, and instantly turns to gas bubbles sending the oil above it everywhere). It’s theorized that this is what gave Krakatoa so much extra energy, several times more than say Mt St Helens’ eruption. Because of this flash boiling effect.


Question: If the forth dimension is time, what is a tesseract?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If the forth dimension is time, what is a tesseract?

A cube that exists in four spatial dimensions. OUR fourth dimension is time. A tesseract can only exist in a universe with four or more spatial dimensions. Kind of like how, if the universe were a flat plane and we had time, we could not have a cube.


Question: how do fingerprint scanners on mobile phones work and are they different from other scanners?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how do fingerprint scanners on mobile phones work and are they different from other scanners?

There are three primary types of fingerprint scanners on the market. The one used in smartphones is called a *capacitive scanner,* as it relies on a property called capacitance. Basically, the scanner plate (typically a pad somewhere on the phone, often built into the home or power button) passes a small electrical current through itself, and when you press your finger to it, the pattern of ridges and valleys changes the capacitance through the array of cells that make up the scanner. The scanner then stores, not the picture of your fingerprint, but the pattern of capacitance changes that your finger causes. It can then check that stored pattern against a new pattern generated the next time you touch your finger to the plate. ____ This is the same as other scanners on the market, but if you have the space and you want a more accurate reading, you'll generally use an optical or ultrasound scanner.


Question: Why do humans bare teeth to show happiness when most mammals do it to show aggression?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do humans bare teeth to show happiness when most mammals do it to show aggression?

A smile doesn't just mean happiness. It's a social queue that can show many things including being nervous. Also, other apes use smiling in a similar way, such as chimps. So, like many human traits, they were adopted from previous ancestral behaviors (like "smiling" to show your teeth as a sign of aggression) to become much more social. Showing your teeth as a sign of aggression simply became *look, even though we're friendly right now, I'm still an apex predator, look! I even have these pearly whites that are for tearing up flesh hahaha we're so friendly right? Right? Now let's go work together and get some food. But remember... I can be aggressive if I want to so don't overstep my boundaries hahaha*


Question: in shows/movies, why are people ‘undercover’ or super shady about serving people?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 in shows/movies, why are people ‘undercover’ or super shady about serving people?

If they can’t establish contact because the one being served avoids them, then it doesn’t become official. In some instances tenants have locked themselves in their dwelling to avoid being served. It’s a delaying tactic. Pretending to be someone else keeps the one being served from avoiding the serving process.


Question: What really happens when you feel that "heart sank" moment?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What really happens when you feel that "heart sank" moment?

Steps: 1. Flight or flight, adrenaline, sympathetic kicks in. 2. Blood leaves GI tract because who needs to digest when a bear is clawing my ass. 3.blood leaving GI = heart sank. EDIT: I was corrected it is indeed sympathetic.


Question: Why is compulsive hoarding so common among baby boomers?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is compulsive hoarding so common among baby boomers?

Baby Boomers are the children of those who went through the Great Depression where all supplies and food were hard to get and you had to save every scrap of everything that could potentially be useful. They were raised by people who developed these habits as a matter of survival and many passed on the tendencies to their children. But since the baby boomers were raised in an era of surplus and prosperity these tendencies tended to focus in on random things rather than that which could be useful.


Question: In the case of an apocalyptic event what happens to those in space like on the ISS?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 In the case of an apocalyptic event what happens to those in space like on the ISS?

When it became clear they wouldn't be getting any more resupply flights they would probably stay up as long as possible to avoid whatever devastation or disaster occurred. Then they could use the Soyuz spacecraft to return to Earth. Likely they couldn't be retrieved in the middle of the disaster but they would be able to try to survive like everyone else.


Question: Can ∞ be used with a point. Like is x.∞ valid?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Can ∞ be used with a point. Like is x.∞ valid?

You are confusing the concept of ∞ with the absolute value of numbers: ∞ is always infinite, any number you can think of is not infinite. You are thinking about a small subset of repeating decimals. it would be : 4.999..., where the ... specify the repeating of the last series of numbers. Or 4.(9), where the number between the ()'s is repeated. There are more, like lines over the repeating numbers or dots above them. See URL_0 for more of them.


Question: why does the graphics rendering of night scenes more demanding than day scenes in games?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 why does the graphics rendering of night scenes more demanding than day scenes in games?

I would guess it has to do with the number of light sources in night vs day. Daylight is usually just a single sun source, whereas the night scenes have a ton of different color neon lights and stuff. They *should* bake a light map so that its less intensive but I think those games like to use a lot of dynamic sources that will change reflection bounces based on movement in the scene rather than being statically painted. You should be able to lower graphics settings to get less dynamic lighting (look for a setting like Global Illumination or something along that line)