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[39]ie ait ys AEG CI Pane tt os rapt
[43]a ties eee cee net ;
[45]Document...
[47]THIRD AGENCY DOCUMENTS - 201-128561 (HALPERIN) .
[48]: : . Date.
[51]“i
[53]Vol. Vi FBI, New York Report on Jane Constance ‘Kroll Rogers, - 8/3/58
[54]oo ay File #100-112730 0 0. ee ES
[55]FBI, Boston’ Report on Maurice Hyman HALPERIN 19/3/59
[56]Bureau.file #65-14303;.BS 100-25501 oe,
[57]BI; Washington ‘Report’on Halperin; File #65- 14303: - 14/12/59.
[59]FBI, Boston ‘Report on Benjamin FASTOV; No. file it 2/8/60 .
[60]FBI Report on ‘David Cc. HALPERIN; No tile # : oe 6/2/60
[62]_ |." FBI Report on Halperin © >. File #65-14303 7/8/60
[63]corns “8/24/60
[65]- FBI ‘report on Halperin
[67]FBI report on Halperin Boston #100- -25501; &65- 14303 . 2/8/61
[69]: STATE, Amembassy Moscow Despatch #770, May 12, 1961
[70]. re Citizenship & Passports: Maurice HALPERIN. —
[72]STATE, Amembassy Moscow Despatch #779, ‘May 17, 1961"
[74]“.. STATE ‘Telegran ¢ fn Moscow (#12395, Aug 17, 1961 aa
[77]i wo A Pa
[82]LEA) = FOSS, 7 Sian UI :
[84]ST MEL or iS Uhoetth slat opt
[86]Reon Saeed
[89]14-0000
[91]/ . : ; .
[92]a - oe . ee eae a : ° Ly oT _ 7 oe
[93]-_ SECRET ‘ - .
[94]a ;
[96]a Fite “no. _ ‘
[100](BOC. SvmBOK MO.
[102]«| HALPERN RICE. cen ole 435i66 .
[103]j _ -201-120561 : 20r- aoe 39 ne . :
[104]. | SEX M 003 ? AQ} ParR-- - :
[105]: , an 15 DEC ; gooococggcoonnnanagod
[106]: . . SHROUARE RABANNE
[107]CIT? . a SO TUTTS LUTE TET |
[109]A USSR 25, é1 LETTER t -_ sy : ROM BERT MEE TTETITITITITETE TESTE
[110]‘© SUBU FROM ALBE : . ao
[112]MALTZ WITH COMMENTS, ON SUBUS WORK .IN USSR » = VeaeagDaETIaIEIIIIS
[114]AND APPREHENSION RE THE MCCARRAN ACT ‘DEC 61, - OO Lab aaabaaeeneagaas
[117]Tigi
[119]4 Le VUVTTTTVTVTINTTT, ft
[120]s “We auauusesnsseaeages
[121]a gipgyes secesosgge
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[124]" $2°" BET ecscncvises-cuereenns: a ._ SECRET OS a (reany
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[129]ne wy sedzer wes o
[130]: _ -eot ©) (WEEN FILLED IN) 2p TEA, 69 -
[131]= . © aang, - eee: -
[132]x “ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET & .
[133]. : - INSTRUCTIONS j ee? ‘
[134]_ vot TO FILING TO: ACTION ERANCH
[135]© | 2d. Fill-in Sect. 2. on back. Detach back ; , .
[136]_ flap. and forward to RID. } : J Tf file no. and title shown aro not
[137]2. -Destrey front cover éheet, unless it Proper, insert proper file no. below
[138]~ . Tecords Significant action taxen or and forsard docurent to RID/AN, -
[139]Cctsents requiring preservation. .
[140]. . 7 PROPER FILE NO,
[141]; RID/ |
[142]. TO: ALL ADORESSEES :
[143]) . UF APPROPRIATE mf.
[144]A:
[148]LE NUMBER (PRIMARY
[150]ODE»
[152]3 4
[154]af 3
[156]H A
[158]mad = er
[159]wet
[161]MMeNt NV OER
[166]14-0000
[168]a . . : * : .
[169]CLAS BHC AD ON [osrance SIMAK AND NO . 7
[171]SECRET. FAM-A=17988
[172]HEADQUANTERS FLL NO.
[174]| ap5onh=3/5
[177]“| 20 October 1941
[178]Re, "43.9" > (CHECK COND
[179]MARKED FOR INDEXING
[180]NO INDEXING SLQUIRED
[182]INDEXING CAN BE RUOGEO
[183]8Y QUAURED HQ. DESK ONLY
[185]So Attached tor your retention ia.a booklet published by the Universidad
[186]Obrera de Mexico (UOM - Workers’ University of Mexico), vhich is controlled
[187]. and operated by the Partido Popular Socialista (PPS = Popular Socialist. Party)»
[188]no entitled Desarrollo: ‘Boonomiod 'y Srigis en Ja Apexien Iatina (Economia Devel
[189]Gent and jis . ie 38 “by Maurice -
[190].- American Communis % Living in Moscow, ‘and has an ntrodustion by Vicente —
[191]TaGARDO ‘Toledano, Secretary-generel \ ‘of the PPS. -
[193]Secesom—
[195]Attactiment - 1, ag noted
[196]18 Oatoder 1962
[198]DISTRIBUTION
[199]C3480 v/attechnent
[202]a SC bs oo":
[204]tense at
[206]fae et
[208]Dea
[210]ARR Lea del SAUER TEM PD SRAM MAN La sag» USSU ETA BEERS eg hae
[214]ra
[216]DESARROLLO EoONOMICO
[217]YRS EN LA
[218]AMERICA LATINA
[220]i Wer
[222]MAURICE HALPERIN
[224]: 7 ‘Bliones de la Univsied i de Méxiey SY).
[226]li Gut Zo ld TEBE =
[228]|
[230]= cipecs re a as
[233]14.90000
[236]oo \ .
[237]_ Ct ‘ i
[238].
[239]a |
[240]|
[241]. . i i \ i
[242]~ ‘ 4 : a i
[243]1 ie
[245]| “
[246]i : I.
[247]! , — : : . : 7 e a Ny
[248]hoy . 4
[249], . 1. Pl autor de este estudio, el Profesor Maurice Halperin, es
[250]i uno de log investigadores y catedriticos mas prominentes
[252]de los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. Nacié en Boston en
[253]1306. Obtuvo su bachillerato en Is Universidad de Harvard
[254]en 1926 y Ia Licenciatura en Letras en la Universidad de
[255]; Oklahoma en 1929, Dos anos mAs tante se doctors en Letras
[256]| y Ciencias Sociales en la Universidad de Paris y fue confe- an
[257]i‘: renciante en la Sorbona sobre Ia civilizacién de ls América, oa
[258]: \ _- del Norte. : . ae
[259]{ . En tos’ Estados Unidos fue catedratico de ta Universidad --
[260]ee . de Oklahoma y Jefe del Departamento de Estudios Econé- °
[261]re a micos y Geopoliticos Latinosmericanos en la Secretiria de - :
[262]: oO we ! Guerra y én la Secretaria de Estado en Washington, durante . “
[263]i los arias de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Camo einsejero oo:
[264]: ' téenico del Consejo Econémico y Social de ias Nacioneg. “ ‘
[265]Unidas trabajé durante tres anos, de 1946 a 1949. Volvid a
[266]to su Universidad de origen, la de Boston, como catedratico
[267]f - . y Jefe del Departamento de Estudios Latinoamericanos en
[268]io donde presté sus servicios hasta 1933: oo
[270]i .
[272]| .*. . Interesado siempre en el estudio de los problemas de‘las
[274]! naciones de la América Latina, fué‘a Brasil en 1952-7 trabajé
[276]te como conferenciante er. la Universidad de San Pablo. Por
[277]an | “. su labor docénte el gobierno del Brasil le otorgé la condecora-
[278]_— | .cién de “Oficial de la Orden do Cruzeiro do Sul”. Posterior-
[280]i
[282]t
[284]|
[286]mente estuvo en México, siendo Profesor Exstraordinario de. -
[287]la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales de la
[288]Universidad Nacional de México, de 1954 a 1957. Cooperd
[289]también como Asesor Econémico del Departamenta de Pro-
[290]mocién de la Nacional Financiera y en otras institaciones
[291]gubernamentales y privadas ‘de nues ook
[294]14-0000
[296]a
[298]WL Mak ed ea tevinat 8 roceant bs
[300]Ha publicado numervsos estudios, entre otros el titulado
[302]“La América Latina en Transicién”, que edité la Unitersi-
[304]: dad Nacional de México en 1936, asi como ensayo acerva de
[306]: la economfa y el desarrollo social en los Estados Unidos
[308]: Francia, Alemania, Chile, Brasil y México durante el ultimo
[310]* euarto de siglo, . :
[312]EI Profesor Maurice Halperin actualmente es un Profesor
[314]. Visitante en la Academia de Ciencias de la URSS én donde
[315]esta dedicado a investigaciones de caracter econémico.
[317]_.. ... El estidio que tiene este. pequefio libro, no obstante su
[318]brevedad es uno de los mis completos sobre el actual pano-
[324]we laa observaciones -y. las inférencias légicas que contiene,
[326]son de un. inapreciable valor para los estudios de los pro-
[328]blemas. de nuestro Continente. Tor eso pienso que prestari
[330]~ : + “un'gran‘servicio a quienés:se dedican al examen de los gran-
[332]‘!. +> des -problemas de nuestro tiempo.en el vasto territorio de
[333]* Jos palses semicoloniales del Hemisferio Americano. -
[337]: “México, D. F., agosto de 1961
[338]f. “", VICENTE LOMBARDO TOLEDANO --
[340]rama econdémico de la América Latina. Tanto las cifras como
[342]-
[344]|
[345]|
[347]|
[349]i
[351]se
[353]Introduccién -
[354]_. La América Latina esta atravezando actualmente ‘au '
[355]‘: tercera gran crisis evondémica del siglo XX. En general, las
[356]dificultades actuales pueden ser atribuidas a la excesiva
[357]‘vulnerabilidad hacia guctores externos-de una-cconom{n que. .-
[358]depende de Ia exportacién de materias primas y de la impor-
[359]tacién de productos msnufneturados. En este sentido. es
[360]+ la clasicn crisis del subdesarrollo’ neocolonial, como sucedié
[361]con el colapso del comereio internacional durante la guerra
[362]mundial de 1914 a 1918 —primera crisis— y con la depre-
[363]sién mundial al comienzo de la dicada del 30 —segunda
[364]crisis. : . . : .
[365]La disminucién actual de la actividad sconémicn asumié, :
[366]sin lugar a dudas, preporciones de crisis. a principios de’ :
[367]1958. Aunque en algunos aspectos atin no ha alcanzado la :
[368]. intensidad de Ia serundg crisis, persiste con tendencla‘a | - ;
[369]".. profundizarse al entrar en su‘cuarto aiio. Al mismo tiempo, © a
[370]algunos aspcctos de la crisis actual la distinguen de las ante: ;
[371]riores, imprimiéndole un sello especial, : :
[373]En primer. lugar, si bien como las crisis anteriores fue * i
[374]motivada por factores exterios, -esta crisis ha sido més :
[375]sensiblé alos descensos y menos a lag alzas_de, los movi-
[377]- ‘mientos ciclicos de las economias de los pafsea capitalistas
[378]‘industrializados. El descenso de los precios de las exporta- .
[379]‘ciones de Latinoamérica precedié a la recesién de 1957-58. ~
[380]en los Estados Unidos, y ésta condujo, a’su vez, a nuevas _
[382]- Mermas en las ganancias por concepts de exportaciones de:
[383]América Latina. Sin embargo, la tendencin al descenso
[385](antes de la nueva recesién comenzada a finales de 1960) cof
[388]14-0000
[390]Seimcisssons
[392]MAURICK HALPERIN
[394]6 . ;
[397]y a pesar del alto nivel constante de In actividad cconémica
[398]en los principales paises industriados de Europa Occidental,
[400]“En segundo, lugar, hay muy pocas_perspectivas de que log -
[401]mercados normales de Latinoamérica pucdan proporcicnar
[403]en tin futuro préxime suficientes yanancias por concepto de
[404]exportaciones como para restablecer Ja economia al nivel
[406]-anteriar, Como, después de un exhaustivo anilisis a largo
[407]-alcanee, declara In CEPAL (excluyendo e¢! factor de una
[409]dem osién mayor-en los Estados Unidos oen Europa Occi-
[410]dental): "La perspectiva de aumento de las exportaciones: , ,
[411]es tan pequeia. que apenas excede el crecimiento demogra.
[412]fico probable”. | Este estudio prové un ritmo de desarrollo
[413] en‘el’ mejor de los casos seria un poco miis de la mitad
[414]KistFudo antes de la presente crisis y produciria extra-
[416]. ordinaring presiones sobre la posibilidad de estructurar la
[418]economia y sus mecanismos de desarrullo.
[419]En tercer lugar, et dcbilitamiento-general de los sistemas
[421]mundiales coloniales y neocoloniales, combinado’ con la ex.
[422]pansién econémica del sistema mundial socialista, presenta
[423]nuevas oportunidades para contrarrestar Jas presiones ex-
[424]ternas, politicas y econédmicas, que se ejercén sobre Latino-
[425]américn para impedirle tomar medidas en defensa de sus
[426]economfas nacivnales. De particular importancia es a dispo-
[427]nibildad de mercados y- reeurss econémicog en los palses
[429]-Sociaiistns, los cuales pueden ser utilizados para lograr una
[431]efectiva solucién de la crisis econémica presente.
[433]De aqui que mientras la primera y la segunda crisis
[434]econémicas Jatinoumericanas crearon la necesidad y las con-
[435]diciones para cambios econdémicos y politico-sacialea limita-
[436]dos dentro de! sistema existente de dependencia neocolonial,
[437]la crisis presente parece estar desarrollandose bajo condi-
[439]ciones que requeriran ¥..al mismo tiempo, permitirin la. eli-..
[441]minacié6n de la propia dependencia en un perfodo de. tiempo
[442]relativamente:cortu. Los acontevimientos recientes en Cuba
[444]Rpoyan estas perspectivas y nosotros . éstimamos . que los ;
[445]factores que causaron el rompimiento-de Cuba con el sistema __ _
[447]de- dependencin’ nevcolonial no constituyen una excepcién.
[448]Esto puede demostrarse examinanido log antecedentes de la
[450]presente crisis, por ‘ejemplo, la actuacién &lobal de Ia econo- .
[452]mia latinoamericana en e} pasado. reciente.
[456]economia latinoamericana .
[458]’ Por mis de una década después. del fin de la segunda
[459]xuerra mundial (en términos generales, de 1945 a 1957), la
[461]actividad econdmica de Latinoamérica en su ‘conjunto man- |
[463]tuvo ¢) mayor ritmo de expansién registrado en la regién.
[465]Para situar este periodo en su marco propio, deben
[466]formularse ‘dos observaciones preliminares. La primera es
[467]que el nivel de partida del movimiento ascendente de la
[468]economia era relativamente elevado en la regién y sustan-
[469]clalmente mis alto aue el nivel de desarrotla existente en
[470]las dreas dependientes de Asia y Africa. No solamente habia
[471]tenido lugar una recuperacién sustancial, después de la
[472]catastrofe de comienzos de Jn década del 30, sino que tam.
[473]bién en Jas republicas de Latinoamérica mas desarrolladas
[474]¥ pobladas y con mayor capacidad Productiva, se produjo.
[475]un proceso considerable dé sustitucién de importaciones, Asi,
[476]la industria de elaboracién que untes de 1930 representaha
[478]una pequefa proporcién en la prodiccién global de ‘Latina.
[480]america, alcanz6 a fines de 1945 una equivalente al 65%
[481]de la contribucién de ta agricultura al producto bruto'y fue,
[482]& au vez, considerablemente mayor que la contribucién de
[483]Ja industria minera. a -
[485]El segundo punto, que debe ser scftalado, es que durante
[486]“:el-perfodo que ‘consideramos Prevalecieron condiciones ex.
[488]ternas excepcionalmente favorables. El impulso inicial para
[489]‘la-expansié6n econémica fue la acumulacién de divisas regis.
[490]strada en Latinoamérica durante la segunda guerra mun
[491]cial.*' Sin embargo, el auge econdmico fue estimulado
[492]principalmente ‘por los gastos de reconstruccién. rearme ¥
[493]satisfacci6n de demandas pospuestas en los Princigsles
[494]paises capitalistas al final de la guerra. Los medios ext
[496]nos mediante log cuales Latinoamérica hubiera podido man- |.
[498]tener su ritmo de expansion, se restringieror, fuertemente
[501]14-0000
[503]TET een nsncneteiy cen nest etme coy ae MRS cos rteweesaie pees
[505]do ehh erm,
[507]sigh
[509]SPORT NS antensy mmm crtinns as
[511]Coen cerns
[513]MAURICE HALPERIN
[515]moniento, comenré.a manifestarse la crisis acttial
[516]Desde este punto de vista, eg particularmente interesante
[518]Ia eyaluacién de Ia experiencia econdmica de este ‘periodo:.
[520]Dado el nivel relativamente elevado existente-al inicio del
[522]mismo y las oportunidades excepcionales de que se dispusie.””
[524]ron, el desarrollo alcanzado puede representar algo asf como
[526]el “florecimienty éptimo™ de la economia latinoaniericana,
[527]'_ funcionando de manera tradicional, Por tanto, la cuantia en
[528]"que ese ““Nlor<imiento” de la econonita dejé ‘de satisfacer
[529]lag necesidades de desarrollo de la regién. nos -permitird
[531]estimar Jas dimensiones reales de Ta crisis actual,-
[533]“.. De acuerdo con los datas recopilados por la CEPAL (ver *
[535]* el cuadro que sigite), el. promedio acumilative anual real de
[536].aumento del producto bruta de Ja regién, fue de un 5% -
[538]“para el periodo de 12 altos. Si.excluimos los aiius de 1956 y
[540]1957, durante los cuales la. expansién de pastguerra comenzé
[542]_ & ser menor, el indice fue ve 5.2%. Para nuestros propé-
[543]- silos la diferencia no es importante: incluso el indice menor
[545]uleanza.o éxcede lus de un cierto nimery de rafses indus-
[546]trializados en Europa Occidental y ciertamente oxcede el de
[549]'. LATINOAMERICA: El producto bruto y otros datos,
[550]o . 1945-57 ©
[552](miles de millones de délares de 1950)
[553]: : Cifras redondas.
[555]Abo Prodacte «= Cocsame larerakin Experta- Impertacion Peblackia
[557]Rruto {ija clenca Bienes pra Menes  (millonce)
[558]nee ay Brutn oy servicios y sorvinksy
[559]1945 80.20 (882 40 67 OSG OSS
[560]M6 32300 25.10 50 TA 4K
[561]1947) §384400«h7S GS O72 TOS;
[562]1948 864. 287 68 75 66 1482...
[563]1949 . $76 20:1 64 -69 59 . 1518
[565]‘195t ' 4210 85.20: 74. OT TB GD.
[566]1952 - 43.0. °° 35.5 . 7.6 6.7.-70 1680
[567]1958: 44.7, 361 76 78 69. = 1669
[568]954° «47300 8910 820 TTB 1T0.9
[569]1955' 500 410 S86 84 0 175.1
[570]1956 B14 4d4 91 982 RD ONT
[572]638 438 103 98. 96. 1838
[574]1957
[576]oO :
[577]al terminar tes Feajustes de postguerra y, a Partic de ese
[579]DESARROLLO ECONOMICO ¥ CRISIS EN LA ANERICA LATINA . Q
[582]Es cierto que por haber aumentado In poblacién de La- °
[583]tinoamérica.a un promedio anual de 2.547, el indice del
[584]aumento anual del producto bruto per capita fue de sola-
[585]mente 2.7%¢ para la “década dorada” y de 2.550 para el
[586]periodo de doce afios. Sin embargo, atin ésta Ultima cifra
[587]es mayor que el histérico 2‘¢ de aumento anual del producto
[588]bruto per capita en los Estados Unidos, aunque es a su yer
[591]Es mds importante el hecho de que el 2.55) representé -
[593]- probablemente mas. del doble del ‘promedio anual “histérico”
[595]de desarrolo en Latinoamérica. Aunque no -existen datos |
[596]suficientes para establecer esta ultima afirmacién en cuanto. -
[597]al conjunto de la regién, puede suponerse que de 1900 a
[599]1929 ningun pais de América Latina ssuper6 el ritmo de
[600]’ desarrollo de Argentina,
[602]pues se estimd, como. promedio,
[603]en un 1.2% per cdpita ‘anual.* En el caso de Mexico, por”
[604]ejemplo, se cree que entre 1803 y 1934 no se registré prac- .
[605]ticamente ningtin incremento en los ingresoy per capita. .
[607]De lo antes expuesto pucde inferirse lx conclusién de que
[608]para el conjunto de la regién el perfodo que estamos exa-
[609]minado fue un pericdo de incremento Poco corriente de la
[610]actividad econémica, 0, mis precisamente, de un aumento
[611]‘poco habitual de! PBN,.concepto que, de acuerdo con los
[612]usos oficiales. en Latinoamérica y en las Naciones Unidas,
[613]incluye Ia produccién de bienes y la de servicios, cuyd ritmo
[614]de‘aumento es comGnmente definido como desarrollo. ? Més
[616]en este concepto para medir ‘el desarrollo econdmico en
[617]Latinoamérica. Por el momento consideraremos los factores
[618]externos que estimularon durante este periodo la elevada
[619]produccién de bienes y de servicios en esta region. .
[622]14-0000
[626]DESARROLLO ECONOMICO ¥ CRISIS EN La AMERICA LATINA ll
[628]“4
[629].
[630]s
[632]el valor de las importaciones en tantos por ciente del pro-
[634]ducto bruto nacional, se mantuvo en un S02" En el Perioda
[636]correspondiente de 4 afios en la década siguiente. cuando el
[640]a . f idn, el coeficiente de impertaciones ro alcdnzé
[642]*: 2.~ Los ‘estimulos externos en Ja expansiéa su nivel anterior y se mantuvo en tn 166°C. Ests nueva
[644]Mo oe . . Telacién, mejor incluso desd? ed pento de vista del desarrollo
[646]econémica de Latinoamérica- econdmico, entre el PBN y el comercio eXterior, reflejaba
[648]oe 7 ce el progreso aleanzado en la produccién local de. bienes de
[650]: . . : ij consumo, especialmente en los Paises mis avarzados como
[652]: r ,. ° Argentina, Bresil, México 'y Chile. : oo.
[654]! Cuando durante la segunda guerra mundial las. importa-
[655]H ciones fueron de. nueve drasticamente Tedacidas, se registré |
[657]un impetu adicional para ta expansién Ge la industria ligera, |
[659]Como consecuencia, al comenzar' él Pericdy de Is. postguerra
[661]Cte ae Oe
[662]g
[663]e
[665]a
[666]i
[668]J
[670]. __ Et comercio exterior ha ejercido siempre una influencia ,
[671]predominante ‘sobre las fluctuaciones ciclicas de la economia
[672]‘latinoamericana. Asi en 1932, en el climax de la gran de-
[673] presion, las exportaciones de ‘la regién disminuyeron enun. |
[675]2 GBS ea relacién con 1929, Taientras las importacinoes dismi-
[676]‘nuyeron en un 75%. * No obstante, una comparaciéa: entre
[677]¢] nivel del comercid exterior en este aiio de crisis y el perio-
[678]do que estamos analizando, mostraria una cuadro deformado
[680]a
[681]! * el periodo de recuperacién posterior a la depresiin de 1930,
[683]de su importancia en la expansi6n econémica de 1945-37. |
[685]la relacién entre el PBN y las importaciones no volvié al
[686]nivel de 1925-29. En su lugar, como indican las cifras de -
[687]Nuestra tabla estadistica, las importaciores fluctuaron alre_-
[688]. dedor del 16% del PBN, manteniéndose, por tanto, al mismo
[689]“nivel relative de 1934-39. oe .
[690]. en conjunto llegaron a 3,500 millones de délares, cifras re. pudiera indicar una disminucién de
[691]|" dondas, 0 6,250 millones en délares de 1950. ? - Rnportancia del comercio exterior en la provision Ge lee
[692]- : ot, medios para la reciente expansién de la actividad econdémica
[693]tabla estad{stica, poderses ver. : en la América Latina, No obstante, un exsmen mds detenido
[695]De ahf que los datos de 1934-38, cuando se habia producido -
[696]un grado de recuneracién aceptable, nos dardn una base
[697]Ly mejor para establecer comparaciones, Durante este dltimo
[698]* “ periodo el promedio anual de exportaciones @ importaciones
[700]z. Si consideramos nuestra D
[701]f que hacia 1947, cuando la tendencia a Ja exnansiéa cel co | nos demuestra que lo cierto es justamente Io opuesto, La
[702]“‘meércio exterior en el periodo de la postguerra ya se habis- : H evidencia mas palpable se advierte en la adquisicién de ma-
[703]a desarrollado completamente, el total de las exportaciones ¥ .t quinaria y. equipos capaces de producir una expansién en
[704]poco mas de 14,000 millones ge. as exportaciones de materias primas, asi como de aumentar .
[706]de las importaciones Negé a : i¢
[707]délares de 1950, o sea, un aumento de mis del 170%. sobre od - la produceién de Ia industria de elaboraciéa. En este sector
[708]el promedio anual de 1934-38. ademas, de 1945 a 1955, el i de inversiones, obviamente estratégico, que representa apro-
[709]poder adquisitivo de lag exportaciones latinoamericanas ximadamente el 23°% de lag inversiones totaies, 1a Produc-
[710]aumenié en.un promedio anual de 5.4%0,-0 sea ligeramente cién local suministré menos del 10'% de los productos obte- .
[711]més que el titmo de crecimiento del producto bruto -de la nidos. El resto fue ‘comprado en el extranjero ¥ represent6— -
[712]cerea del 83°: del valor total de las importaciones, a
[714]i
[715]i
[716]regié6n. ‘° Es evidente que habian Negado mejores ‘tiempos j
[717]ara Latinoamérica, ‘ v. ; o coe, .
[718]para an ae H __ Ast es claro que el, cambio en la estructura de as impor-
[719]- 4 taciones de Latinoamérica devino un factor Buevo y crucial
[720]I esemperiado por i ~ | °" tendiente r Sur dependenci ‘i ior,
[721]experiencia econémica de la‘ regién después de la segunda - H . Antes -_ 191. por elena maencta del solamente ae
[722]so » Por ejempl extiles s -
[723]H .
[724]j
[726]Sete Sra ena trcneena atage
[728]i
[729]ed
[730]g
[732]guerra mundial. Si: retornamos al Periodo relativamente pre : , . - .
[733]industrial anterior a la gran depresién de 1925-29, nos en: tufan més de la mitad de Jas importaciones. " Durante los .
[734]_ contramos con que el coeficiente de importaciones, es decir, altos 30, aunque se Produjo'un aumento-notable en la pro-
[737]14.90000
[739]22 MAURICE HALPERIN
[741]ry
[743]porcién de bienes duraderas y de capital, la mayoria de los
[744]bienes importados eran todavia bienes de consumo y mate-
[746]- piakes de construcciéa. Sin embargo, después de 1943 el -
[748]baiance cambidé definitivamente. Sia la: maquinaria ¥ ‘a log
[750]| equipos afladimos productos semielsborados y materias pri-
[751]~ mas industriales, coma varias tipos de acero, productos
[753]quimious, caucho, ete., y combustibles, nos encontramos con
[754]que para 1955, cerca de las dus terveras partes de las im-
[755]portscienies totales de la region, consistieron en medics
[757]de produccién y suministros para los mismos."? En resu- . -
[758]-men, las exportaciones de Latinoamérica, que’ basicamente
[760]‘determinan su capacidad para importar. fueran indudable-
[762]“mente el elemento.dccisivo para momover la expansién eco- _
[764]_ Rémica de 1945 a 1957." ; .
[765]... El esracter tinicy de la situscién externa favorable que.”
[766]_, ‘influyé en la actividad econdmica de ‘este periodo, requiere
[769]El eran aumento de la capacidad de importacién de Latino-
[770]amériva no se debié solamente a la demanda excepcional de
[771]Postsuerra de que disfrutaron sus exportaciones, sino tam-.
[772]bién a otro factor relacionado con ‘ello, aunque menos co-
[775]- En comin con todas las otras regiones dependientes, el
[776]comercio internacional de Latinoamérica ha sido adversa-
[777]mente afectado por la tendencia histérica hacia una creciente
[778]diferencia entre el pequefio aumento de precio de sus expor-
[780]. taciones de materias primas y el aumento mayor de los
[782]precios de los productos elaborados que importa. Como resul-
[783]tada, con fluctuaciones considerables de atio en afio y de un
[784]Rafs 3 otro, dependiendo dé les productos de exportacién
[785]¥ de Js fluctuacién de la estructura de las importaciones, -
[786]para la regién en conjunto, a largo plazo. las condiciones del
[787]comercio exterior se han ido deteriorando. '*
[789]Sin embargo, un extraordinario cambio de esta tendencia
[790]tuve.lugar para el conjunto de la region y en todas Jas repu--
[792]‘biicas consideradas por senarado: menos Cuba y Argentina,
[793]_en la deeada siguiente a la segunda guerra mundial. En ocho
[795]de las republicas, ineluyendo Brasil, Colombia y ‘Chile, los
[796]vérminos del comercia exterior durante los peridos de 1947-
[798]te een
[802]resultado, mas ‘de la mitad del-aumento del poder adquisitivo
[803]de las exportacicnes de Latinoamérica se debié a los efectos
[804]de las mejores condiciones del comercio exterior y el resto
[806]‘ probablemente atin mis bajo en 1960. '*
[808]ere
[810]DESARROLLO ECONOMICO Y CRISIS EN LA AMERICA LATINA “43
[812]correspondiS a un aumento en el volumen de las exporta-
[813]ciones, '* , :
[815]Saldria de los limites de-esta discusién examinar en detalle
[819]taron la -evolucién de tos precios de las exportaciones y dé
[820]las importaciones principales de la regién. En el caso del
[821]café, por ejemplo, que para mas de la tercera parte de las
[823]‘ republicas es uno de los principales productos de exporta-
[824]‘eidn, una aguda, atnque-pasajera’ disminucién en la produc ~
[828]sas, elevé los precios y estimuldé-una serie de compras espe- .
[829]. culativas. Con respecto a las importaciones, la tendencia
[830]hacia la sustituci6n de bienés’ de consumio por bienes de.
[831]“ capital jugé un papel importante; ya que los precios de estos
[833]ultimos tendicron a aumentar mis lentamente que los pre-
[834]‘cios de los bienes de consumo. '? Ademis, los precios de los
[835]productos elaborados de Europa Occidental tendieron a decli-
[836]nar durante cierto periodo debido a la devaluacién de la libra
[838]” estérlina y, otras divizas y en algunos pafses tuvo lugar .
[840]cierto cambio hacia fuentes de abastecimiento europeas.
[842]_ . No obstante, el factor principal en la mejoria de los tér-.
[843]minos del intercambio fue el aumento de precio de las
[844]exportaciones de Latinvamérica, motivado por la demanda —°
[846]extraordinaria causada por la situacién de la postguerra a
[847]la cual nos hemos referido. De manera que fueron circuns-
[848]tancias especiales, en lugar de fuerzas econémicas basicas,
[849]las que produjeron la variacién en los términos del comercio
[851]y el mantenimiento de la tendencia durante un periodo tan”
[852]largo. Cuando estas circunstancias desaparecieron, la ten- ©
[854]dencia histérica a la decadencia volvié a manifestarse'* y
[856]Neg6 a su fin este periodo de “florecimiento 6ptimo” de la *
[858]economia. En 1958 el aumento per capita del PBN fue sola-
[859]mente de 0.572, descendiends a 0.3% y en 1959 y a un nivel
[861]i
[864]14-0000
[866]SMSC
[868]poe tenn
[869]e
[870]1
[872]mas ag OE Ee me
[873]nicer a
[875]Ph
[877]3.— Otras consideraciones acerca
[878]del tema principal’
[880]. Examinando ahora Ja actividad econ6mica propiamente
[881]! dicha, recordemos que para Latinoamérica, en conjunto, el
[883]promedio anual dé-aumento del PBN per capita, fue de 2.75%
[884]“para ‘la década: posterior a la guerra y de 2.5%. para‘log 12
[886]afos. Considérando las repdblicas por separado, la gran ma-
[887]rado mayor o menor
[889]yoria compartié esta expansion en un gi
[891]veles comparatives de sus respectivos PBN per capita, sin
[892]embargo debe examinarse
[893]_paises mis importantes.
[895]- El ritmo de desarrollo de México, aunque aminoré después
[896]de 1950, fue aproximadamente el mismo que el del conjunte
[897]de la reyién durante el periodo de 12 ajios. En 1957 el PBN
[898]per capita de México aleanz&: 280 délares, siendo todavia
[899]menor que el nivel de 335 délares registrado en ese ano para
[900]el conjunto de la regién.”° : . :
[902]La marcha de la economia brasilefia fue notablemente
[903]mejor que el promedio, con un incremento anual. per capita
[904]de cerca de 3.5‘. Como resultady, durante los 12 anos, el
[905]PBN:per capita relativamente bajo del Brasil mejoré sufi-
[907]. cientemente lleyando a ser en 1957 aproximadamente igual
[908]-al de, México, El fenédmeno brasilefio refleja en parte la
[909]- situacién especiamente favorable de los paises exportadores
[911]- de café. Asi, el aumento de! per capita de los.paises produc-
[913]_ tores de café de. ‘Centroamérica y de Colombia fue mayor
[915]la tendencia én algunos de los *
[917]que et promedio:de Latinoamérica.-Esta_ Ultima Repiblica, ~
[919]-". por ejemplo, régistré6 un incremento anual per capita de
[920]_ cerca del.3% entre 19435.y 1957. ~ . :
[922]Enel caso de Argentina, se noté una desviacién conside-
[923]rable. del. ritmo medio de desarrollo regional. Aunque de
[924]1945 a 1943 se registré un extraordinario incremento: anual
[925]per capita de 6.4%, para el periodo de 12 siios, el aumento
[927]a
[931]h
[935]4
[937]wha mee chamenke stasis Lesenece ted commen mot oneal een ‘ :
[938]a nerneneen eee gee ene see ene te eee iene tne
[940]* DESARROLLO ECOUNONICY T CRISIS EN LA AMERICA LATINA
[942]- que la argentina. De 1945 a
[946]a : , . ; . . bd
[950]promedio per capita fue solamente ce 1% anual Un factor
[951]significativo de la decadencia posterior a 1948 fue la situa-
[952]cién desfavorable de las exportaciones argentinas de carnes
[953]y granos..Como resultado se produjo un continue empeora-
[954]miento en los términos del comervio exterior, tendencia
[955]excepcional en la América Latina. compartida solamente por
[956]Cuba como indicamos anteriormente. Sin embaryw con un
[957]PBN per capita de 525 délares en 1957, el nivel anreatino
[958]ge mantuvo muy superior ai promedio latinoamericano ¥
[959]solamente detras de Venezucla, pais del que trataremos
[960]posteriormente*'. ~ tt yt .
[962]La desviacisn chilena dela norma regional fue sin mayor —
[963]. 1955 el PBN practicamente se
[964]mantuvo, mientras queen los anos siguientes disminuyd
[965]alrededor de un 8%. En realidad, a partir de 1953 ef ritmo
[966]de desarrollo no logré mantenerse al nivel del aumento de
[967]poblacién. Asi el PRN per edpita chileno que en 1945 era
[968]bastante mas elevado que el promedio latinoamerivano, dis-
[969]minuy$ a menos de 300 délares en 1957.
[971]La experiencia chilena también es excepcionsl desde otro.
[972]de vista. La economia del pais se mantuvy estancada,
[973]aunque disfruts de una mejoria sustancial en las evndiciones
[974]del comercio exterior. Este fenémeno reflejs en parte. el
[975]fracaso de’ las ganancias posteriores a la segunda sterra al
[976]no lograr recuperar lo perdido después de ln debade del’
[977]cobre en la depresién del 30, pero mas atin refieja la disi-
[978]-pacién improductiva de los recursos adquiridos durante el
[980]periodo de-bonanza posterior a la guerra’’. Lye
[982]Finalmente. Cuba, duramente afectada por la caida del
[983]precio del azicar después de Ia guerra de Corea y a pesar
[984]del alza de 1956-57, tampoco lorré elevar su PBN per capita
[985]durante el periodo de doce ahos. FE] PBN per capita de Cuba,
[986]que era de 485 délares en 1957, se mantuvo considerable-
[987]mente mas elevade que el promedio de Latinoamerica. .
[989]* De aqui que el desarrollo extremadamente lento de ‘ls
[991]Argentina y. el estancamiento de Chile y Cuba( que juntas
[992]constituyen aproximadamente el 17% de la podiscién de
[994]consiguiente, su situacién excepcional debe ser tenida en
[996]‘cuenta??. Sin embargo, desde el punto de vista global, el caso. .
[998]~ de estos paises no invalida el significado, cualquiera que este
[1000]sea, que pueda ser atribuido a los calculos oficiales del des- ~
[1002]arrollo de Latinoamérica en conjunto.
[1005]14-0000
[1009]g
[1011]DESARROLLO ECONUMICO Y CHISIS EN LA AMBRICA LATINA 17
[1012]CLUE EEEEEIEEE SEES EERO EEEERAERERAeEEnted
[1014]capita de Latinoamérica era un sexto del norteamcricano,
[1016]en 1957 la proporcién habia descendido a un octavo, En et
[1018]caso de Argentina, de la mitad descendié aproximadamente
[1019]. aun quinto del nivel de los Extadoa Unidos.
[1021]desear. Aun si el ritmo.de desarrollo de este periodo pudiera
[1023]ser revivida —Jo que es.¢] objective maximo propuesto por
[1025]los economistas de la CEPAL™, para unos pueblos donde las
[1028]: 4
[1029]: . : nach us , 0 Ast, desde el punto de vista de In satisfacci6n de las nece-
[1030]* st 4— Perspectivas de aumento us : : sidades de ‘desarrollo de Latinoamérica, al pareccr la acele-
[1031]Br " :aparente del PBN. racién de Ia actividad econémica del conjunte de Ja regién
[1032]: ; So . : . t aleanzada durante .cl perfode de 1943-57, deja algo que
[1034]oe
[1036]- i .
[1038]seme BO Ne
[1040]Ha Negado-el momento.de preguntarnos, jcudl es el signi -
[1041]ficado de los calcuos oficiales mencionados anteriormente7 --
[1042]{Qué desarrollo y que tipo de desarrollo fue el alcanzado -
[1044]tiurante este histérico “florecimiento déptimo” de la eco-
[1045]nontia de Latinoamérica? Comenzaremos aceptando en su
[1046]valor nominal la cifra de 2.5%¢ como promedio anual de
[1048]ineremento pér capita del PBN de la regién. Como ya vimos, .""
[1050]el PBN sleanzé en 1957 su cifra mis alta de todos los tiem-
[1051]~ pos: $35 délares, Si Latinoamérica pudiera recuperarse y
[1052]mantener ininterrumpidamente su ritmo de desarrollo de
[1053]1945 a 1957,-a partir del. momento en que se produjera esta
[1054]recuperacidn, tardarfa alrededor de 65 anos para aleanzar el
[1055]PBN per capita de Francia o Inglaterra en,1957 que fue de
[1056]1300 délares. Alcanzar el PBN per cipita de los Estados
[1057]Unidos en 1957, que era de 2600, délares, demandaria ceren
[1058]~ de 85 afios. “ .
[1060]_ Si consideramos las posibitidades hipotéticas de algunas
[1061]de las reptiblicas Iatinoamerivanas por separado, el pronds-
[1062]tico no seria mas filentador. Aunque Brasil, con su ‘ritmo
[1064]mas de alimentacié6n, vestido y alojamiento, sin ‘hablar ya
[1065]de las necesidudes fundamentales ‘de ta vida civilizada, las
[1066]pespectivas -hipotéticas, sumamente dificiles de_aceptar con.
[1067]ecuanimidad, aun.‘en el mas favorable de los casos, son de
[1068]aplazar por medio siglo el logro del nivel de vida correspon-
[1069]diente a un PBN que represente solamente la mitad del
[1070]actual de los Fsatados Unidos. :
[1072]Todo esto se reficre al valor nominal del désarrollo alcan-
[1073]zado ‘durante ese perfudo de doce ajlos.’ No obstante, las
[1074]conclusiones reales que deben ‘hacerse ‘de este “florecimiento..
[1075]6ptimo” son atin mds desalentadoras. La razén.e3 que el
[1076]dispositive convencional utilizado para medir el funciona-
[1078]: miento de la economfia de Latinoamérica, es extraordinaria-
[1079]-mente engafiogo. Exagera grandemente el nivel comparativo
[1080]-de desarrollo frente a los paises altamente industrializados
[1082]y el desarrollo real alcanzado en términcs puramente regio-
[1083]nales. Consideraremos ahora log dos aspectos engatiosos en
[1087]de desarrollo de 3.5% per capita, estaria en condiciones més
[1088]ventajosas que la mayoria de las otras repiblicas, desde el
[1089]momento en que su economia se recuperara, le exigiria 45
[1090]y 63 adios para alcanzar los niveles de 1957 antes menciona- .
[1091]dos, Argentina, con-su ritmo de desarrollo menor que el
[1092]promedio y x pesar de su base mas-alta, tardarin 90 afios
[1093]en alcanzar los niveles de 1957 de Francia. o Inglaterra y
[1094]160 el de los Estados Unidos, Para alrededor de la mitad de
[1095]las republicas, con un. PBN per.cipita inferior a 200 délares
[1096]y- con ‘un ritmo de desarrollo de 2.5% anual, el promedio —
[1097]seria de 80 y 110 aiios respectivamente, — te
[1099]Pero en este “alcanzar” a los paises desarrollados debe a,
[1100]considerarse otro aspecto. Mientras en 1940 el PBN per . - 4 -
[1104]A
[1105]if
[1106]Ft.
[1109]tet a eae ote.
[1114]14-0000
[1116]"5. Comparacién del Producto
[1117]Bruto Nacional
[1119]Muchos economistas dedicados’ al problema: del subdes-
[1120]arrollo, admiten que una comparacidn de la.magnitud de los
[1121]PBN de un pats atrasady y dé un-pals industrializado, es ]
[1122]un cémbuto sumamente inexacto de tas niveles rélativos de
[1124]‘gus respectivas- economias, No obstante, raramente setoman .
[1126]e) trabajo de examinar cuan inexacto es este sistema. Con-
[1127]secuentemente, dejan de apreciar la diferencia real que los
[1128]separa, que es significativamente mayor de lo que las esta.
[1130]*-.disticas sobre el PBN indican.
[1132]‘En 19 3 por ejemplo, el PBN per cdpita de los Estados
[1133]Unidos era ocho veces mayor que el de Latinoamérica, pero
[1134]e} consumo de acero pee capita, un indice basico del nivel
[1135]de desarrollo econdémico, era dicaiséis Veces.mayor en los
[1136]Estados Unidos?*. Una diferencia similar se observa conipa-
[1137]randy a Latinoamérica con otros paises desarrollados: El
[1139]PBN per capita de Inglaterra ern cuatro veces mayor, micn-
[1141]tras el consumo per capita de acero era nueve veces mayor,
[1142]En Francia las proporciones eran de cuatro y siete, en Aus-
[1143]tria de dos y cinco’. Otras indices significntives del. des-
[1144]arrotlo econdmico —el consumo per capita de energia y de
[1145]cobre— coinciden més o menos con el consumo de acero*".
[1147]Ciertos economistas que pasan por alto este aspecto pre-
[1149]‘fieren otro modo de tratar la cuestién, Afirman que la con-
[1150]versién de las unidades monetarias de les paises subdesarro-
[1152]- flados en délares, exagera la diferencia real entre los niveles
[1154]“de las economias atrasadas y las economins desarrolladas.
[1156]” “Las cifras de los: i ingresos per ciipita [et producto] de los
[1158]paises pobres, cuando son ‘expresadas’ en, délares resultan
[1159]demasiadp bajas; ésto- -ayuda a explicar cSmo. algunas perso-
[1161]- mas: subsisten con un. ingreso per capita.de750 délares all.
[1163]i
[1165]‘aio... 2%, Es indudablemente cierto que los individuos con’
[1167]ingresos de 50 délares al afio pagan menos alquiler y la ropa
[1168]yla comida les cuestan menos, pero la raz6n es que probable-
[1172]Ey
[1173]8B
[1175]DFSARROLLO EVONOMICO ¥ CRIStS KN LA ANERICA LATINA " 19
[1178]mismos, en terreno ajeno. sin agua y servicios sanitarias,
[1179]estén subalimentadas, anden descalzas y aus tinicas repas
[1180]sean los .harapos que cubren sus espaldas. Por lo tanto. es.
[1181]un hecho que “subsiste” durante un perfodo relativamente.
[1182]corto, ya que su cdleulo de vida_seria-menos de la mitad ddl
[1183]promedio para.el habitante de los Estados Unidos. ~
[1185]La comparacién del PRN de Latinoamérica y de los paises
[1186]desarrollados, también es afectada materialmente por el
[1187]factor de las inversiones extranjeras. Las estadisticas de’:
[1188]yenezuela ilustran’ may die este panto. Como lo expresa
[1190]W. Rostow, sin darle cran importancia; “Venezuela ba
[1191]Mio por algun tiempo una’ “economia enquistada”, con un
[1192]‘indice alto de inversiones coricentrado en un sector de’ expor-
[1193]tacién moderno, cuyd crecimiento no ha generado ningin
[1194]impulso en la economia veneralana”**, Examinémos esta
[1196]" situacién mis detenidamente.
[1198]De acuerdo” con las estadisticas publicadas, en 1957 el
[1199]sector de la mineria, que en la prictica quiere decir extrac-
[1200]_ci6n extranjera del petroleo, representaba e) 8450 det PBN
[1201]venezolano. La proporvion real probablemente es atin mayor,
[1202]pero es dificil determinar cuinto de lo que figura en las
[1203]canitulog de construccién, transporte, .comunicaciones y
[1204]“otros”, es una parte de las operaciones petroleras. Una
[1205]prueba adicional de la importancia del petréleo la ofrece el
[1206]hecho de que Ia Agricultura y la industria de elavoracién
[1207]-representen el ‘7% y el 11¢ respectivamente, en el PRN
[1208]venezolano’. Simultdneamente. las compafias petroleras
[1210]emplean menos del 2% dé la mano de obra activa del pais”.
[1212]Las estad{sticas sobre ef desarrollo econédmico de Vene-.
[1213]zuela son de lo m:is impresionantes. En 1945-57 el aumento:
[1214]promeio del PBN per capita fue de 4.57¢, que con mucho 7
[1216]fue el mas alto de Latinoamérica. En 1957, el PBN per capita ;
[1217]en Venezuela era de aproxiniadamente 1,000 délares, tres ©
[1218]veces el de Latinoamérica en conjunto, incluyerdo a Vene-'.
[1219]zuela; dos veces el de la Argentina, que e8 el_pais més des- ,
[1221]arrollado de la regién y considerablemente mayor que el de :
[1222]Italia. El consumo per capita de acero de Venezuela era seis -
[1223]veces mayor que el promedio de Latinoamérica y aproxima-
[1224]damente igual al de Suiza. En 1958 el consumo per capita -
[1225]de energia en Venezuela fue algo mayor que el de Francia*,
[1229]- Estas cifras reflejan, desdé lvego, las’ actividades de-las +
[1231]' compaiiias de petrdleo estadounidenses y anglo-holandesas
[1234]14.00000
[1236]“ganado que en tiempos
[1238]- ‘con los desperdicios de la ciudad”.
[1240]20 . . MAURICE HALPERIN
[1241]2 . :
[1242]que operan en Venezuela, pero no nos dicen casi nada acerca
[1243]de la economfa nacional prepiamente dicha. Harvey O'Connor
[1244]describe algunas de lag realidades de esa econoniat
[1245]“Antes del petréled, Venezuela se alimentaba a si misma
[1246]de algun. modo, Hoy produce sulamente la mit
[1247]la mitad de la carne, una tercera parte de los. vegetales ¥
[1248]los granos ¥ la mitad de In leche que consume, Hay menos
[1249]r de la Revolucién de 1812... La fan-
[1250]ha descendido sobre’ Caracas. es tan
[1252]tastica prosperidad que
[1253]pmo al . Todo’ éso.es gola-
[1255]irreal como algo saliin de Hollywood. . dlo E80
[1256]mente motivo de curiosidad para las-940-partes del. pueblo,
[1257]que vive fuera del mundo encantado del petréleo, Ahuyen--
[1259]tados por la enfermedad y disgregados por el hambre.:.
[1262]pos para dirigirse a In dorada Caracas,
[1263]los puentes, a lo largo de Jas cailadas, o en la
[1264]cerroa en los irénicamente Namados ‘ranchos’,, cons!
[1266]g.laderas de los
[1268]De hecho, “la economfa enquistada” en Venezuela ‘falsea
[1270]seriamente las‘ estadisticus del desarrollo de toda Latino-
[1271]fros de
[1273]américa. Por ejemplo, durante el perfodo de ‘cinco a
[1274]1963-67, a las companias extranjeras que operan cn Vene-
[1275]ziela correspondié el 23%. aproximadamente de todas las
[1277]exportaciones de
[1278]Hegé casi al 28967". Con respecto a Jos caleulos del PRN, si
[1280]quitamos a Venezuela, que representa un poco mis del 3% -
[1282]ad del mafz, |
[1284]‘en donde vive bajo
[1286]truidos . -:
[1288]Latinoamérica. En-el nto’ 1957 ta cifra -
[1290]de la poblacién de Latinoamérica, el promedio de aumento |
[1292]del PBN per capita de la regién durante el periodo de 1950-
[1294]_B7, se reduce aproximadamente en una cuarta parte™.
[1296]Si bien es Ja mds, sobresalicnte, Venezuela no es la unica
[1297]“economia enquistada” en Latinoamérica. Honduras, domi-
[1298]nada por dos compaiiias banuneras extranjenis que, como
[1299]Robert Alexander describe, “equivalen a estadva dentro de
[1300]otro estado’, es otro ejemplo tfpico Cuba, antes de Ia
[1301]Revolucién, también !o era en un grado apreciable, como
[1305]Unidos en Cuba,-“.. -hasta la Negada de Castro al poder...
[1307]cia en elpafs; algunas veces mds importante atin que el
[1308]Presidente””*. En realidad no hay practicamente ninguna
[1310]reptblica-latinoamericana en donde falte un “sector moderna, ~
[1312]de exportacién” de propicdad extranjera; algunas constitu-
[1314]yen “énquistamientos econémicos” mas o menos grandes. -
[1316]pero en todos los casos sus contribuciones a Jos ingresos y al
[1317]desarrollo econédmico “‘pertenecen mds propiamente a los
[1319]el embajador americano era Ja segunda figura de importan-.
[1321]te ede sees an
[1323]a
[1325]gen i
[1327]DESARROLLO ECONOMICO Y CRISIS EN LA AMERICA LATINA . 2}
[1330]Pulses ea donde tas campniiias estan domiciliadas”, que a
[1332]- dus puises en dondé operan,,.
[1334]nas cuantas cifras y hechos indicarin, de manera par-
[1335]cial, con qué estos “enquistamientos eccnémicos” inflan el
[1336]funcionanienti real de las economias nacionales de Latino-
[1337]america. En 1957, por ejemplo. las empresas de inversién
[1338]direeta de Estados, Unidos, que representan aproximada-
[1339]mente al 85> del total de Ins inversiones directas extran-
[1340]jeras. tuviecron una produccién que ascendié a 8.000
[1342]“millones de délares dentro de la produccién brata de. Latino-
[1343]america, o sea mis del 1840 ‘del PBN de 1957°" y, sin duda,
[1345]una proporcién atin mayor en la produccién de. biénes ma-
[1346]teriales. Estas empresas exportaron fuera de Latinoamérica
[1347]Tuervancias valoradas en casi 3.C00 millones de délares**, o
[1348]asi la mitad de todas las exportaciones de mercancfas
[1349]de Latinoamérica, sin incluir el comercio déntro de la regién,
[1350]y el 8050 de las exportaciones de Ja regién de los Estados
[1351]Unides*. - a
[1352]Estas cifrag, a su vez, indican un serio falseamiento de
[1353]las ganacias reales de las economfas nacionales, como resul-
[1355]de Ins operaciones dé las inversionés extranjeras. Muchas
[1357]de estas remisiones de utilidades son Gifiziles de descubrir,
[1359]pero podenmios tener alguna idea de su importancia incluso
[1360]si eonsideramos Jas remisiones de utilidades e intereses que
[1361]se publican, por ejemplo, la salida de divisas, excluyendo
[1362]amortizaciones, ascendié a 8,625 millones de délares durante
[1363]el periodo de 1955 a 1957, aparentemente una porcién insig.
[1364]nificante del PBN. Sin embargo, como constituys un drenaje
[1365]de divisas extranjeras, absorbid el 14t¢ de las gananciag
[1366]por eoncepto de exportaciones durante este periodo de tres
[1368]- ahios, Mis aun, el promedio de absorcién de divisas aumenté
[1370]de manera continuada después de los anos inmediatos a la
[1371]guerra, cuando dicho promedio era del 10%. En términos
[1372]absolutos, el drenaje se duplicé durante el periodo compren-
[1373]dido entre los afios 1947 y 1957"'. : :
[1375]En vista de Ja decisiva importancia que,la capacidad de
[1376]importar tiene en Ja econom{fa de América ‘Latina, especial-
[1378]“mente para adquirir los medios de produccién, esta pérdida °
[1379]_de mecios cconémices no es tan pequena como parece. En
[1381]1957 equivaliéd aproximadamente al 70° dél costo de toda
[1382]la maquinacia industrial importada durante el aiio, sola-—
[1384]mente un poco menos del 70% de las inversiones de ese aflo
[1386]en ese sector clave‘.
[1389]14-0000
[1391]BESARTOLLO SCUNGNICO TY CRIA KN LA AMERICA LATINA x3
[1392]rr TS
[1396]~ . a _ 3 Industria oe. ccc cece eee ee 20:0 .
[1400]: ded . del d i r 7 foo (Sub-cctal deta protuceién) ; 52.0
[1401]: _ : idades- olla . : po Cemenio y Finanzat .....- 17.0 . =
[1402]us 6.— Las real aces ae esarr ot : . Ot ‘servicios .. 16.0
[1404]econémice en Latinoamerica oh Gobierng. .. - 7.5
[1405]: . “4 (Sub-total de servicios) 29.5
[1409]Smee es
[1410]1
[1412]Retornando al segundo aspecto de In disparidad entre las
[1414]_realizaciones aparentes ¥ Tea! A
[1415]‘Yo que. hemos definido como el “florecimiento éptimo™ de la
[1416]~ economia latinonmericars, -recordemos que el concypto ‘ofi-
[1417]cialmente enipleado para el PBN er la apreciacién del des-
[1418]arrollo, incluye bienes y servicive. Sin discutir si es un con-
[1419]cepto valido en el caso de un pais altamente industrializado
[1420]como log Estados Unidos, és sin lugar a dudag sumamente
[1422]les del desarrollo aleanzado por .
[1426]” De manera que en nimens redondos, ligeramente mis del
[1427]50% del PBN latincamericano esta claraniente constituido
[1428]por Ia. progeevién debienca materiales y alrededor del 40%
[1430]por servicios, El resto —cumunicaciones y transportes— | -
[1432]esta constituide por-ambes y no puede ser clasificado sin
[1433]un analisis mas detallada, No obstante, para nuestro propé-
[1434]sito no se requiere una apruciacién miis detallada. Es sufi-
[1437]+, , tituyen casi kk mitad del PRN de la regién. Atin mas, para
[1438]' ~~. toda Ia regiin y para la mayoria de Jas republicas pur Se.
[1440]1
[1442]equivoco cuando se aplica a una economia stibdesarrotlads.
[1444]Por su misma definicién, una economia tal ‘es primaria +. ma sr
[1445]foo. parade, durante 145-57 hubo poca variacién en Ja relacién
[1447]y basicamente deficiente en produceién, es decir. tanto en
[1448]eapacidad productiva cane en la produccién real de produc-
[1449]tos agricolas e industrisles. que combinados determinan ta
[1451]_ nivel de vida. Para uns economia sudbesarrollada .sélo ta
[1454]ficacién en cuanto al dessrrollo. Cicrtamente, para una re-
[1455]gién como Latinoamérka. un aumento en el mimero de
[1456]salones de belleza o cabarets o en Ja cuantia de la poltcia u
[1457]otras actividades que se enmarcan como servicios —sin im-
[1458]portar su contribucién a ts alegrias o las penas que propor-
[1459]cionen a,uno u otro sectar de Ja poblacién— no puede repre-
[1461]sentar desarrollo econémico. En reatidad, como Paul Baran.
[1463]Sugiere con respecto a Ja.mayoria de los pafses —y nesotros
[1465]incluiznos a Latinoamérica dentro de esos pafses— lo apuesto
[1466]~es lo indudablemente. cierto, Los servicios absorben capital
[1467]“y otrog recursos desesperadamente necesarios para la pro-
[1469]duccién y‘de esa forma mtardan el desarrollo econdémico’?.
[1471]El grado en que ios servicios inflan el PBN de Latino-.
[1473]américa se revela en un examen de sus componentes. En
[1475]1956-57, sus proporciones respectivas (en porcentajes Te-
[1479]dondeados) dentro del total fueron las siguient:
[1481]“entre los servicios y la preduccién en el PBN“. Los servi-
[1483]clos per cara aumentaron en un promedio anual priictica-
[1484]mente idéntico al del PBN, Consecuentemente, cerca de la
[1485]mitad da Is expansién ecandmicn de 1945-57 no contribuy6
[1486]ni al Sesarrello de Latinoamérica ni a su capacidad de des~
[1487]arrollo. ; .
[1489]Volviendo a la produccién dy bienes materiales, se deduce
[1490]que, en conjunto, también aumenté aproximadamente en e)
[1491]mismo nivel que el PBN, De aqui que pueda argumentarse |”
[1492]que aunque ei PBN exagvra grandemente las dimensiones
[1493]del desarrmbo real en términos absolutos, en este sentido,
[1494]indica de marera precisa lus adelantos reiativos en la pro~
[1495]duccién material y. por tanto, es una upreciacién razonable
[1496]del indice real de desarrolla, Sin embargo, no solo et indice
[1497]vsigue siendo insatisfactorio, como ya hemos visto, sino que
[1498]eesulta mucho mis inadecuado de lo que parece a primera
[1500]vista. . . :
[1502]Ello estrita €n que la valoracién del PBN en -Latino=:
[1504]"améries. ‘y.en las regiones subdesarrolladas en general, es
[1506]aun mis compticada. por el comportamiento desigual de los
[1507]principales sectores de la produccién y por consideraciones
[1510]14-0000
[1512]Ue MALI BRIS
[1514]24
[1516]cualilativas especiales. Es fundamental saber no solamente
[1519]> pars comprender el proceso de crecimiento de une economia
[1521]débil y falacada, Por ejemplo, un aumentown la produccién
[1522]que refleje ja expansién del monoculivo o la explotacién ex-
[1524]tranjera de los recursos naturales o In elaboracién de artfcu- :
[1526]los de lujo para el consume doméstico, fixurarian siempre
[1527]como: contribuciones al desarrollo econédmico en cualquier
[1528]céniputo estad{atico. Sin embargo, desde el punto de vista -
[1529]dela tinica clase de desarrollo que tiene sentitlo para un
[1530]pals suldesarrollado, las resultantes principales de tal au-
[1533]en Joe ’ principales sectores de la produccién del PBN.
[1535]1.5%. El fndice fundamental de desarrollo en este sector
[1536]serfa In produccién de alimentos para el consumo, pero éste
[1537]aumenté a un ritmo atin menor que los cultivos para” la
[1538]exportaciin. En todo caso, el promedio general de 1.69 no
[1539]basté para mantener el nivel per capita de produccién ante- |
[1540]rior a Ja guerra, tanto de la agricultura en su conjunto, como
[1541]de Ja producci6n de alimentos. considerada separadamente.
[1542]La disminuci6n per capita de la produccién. fue sustancial
[1543]durante Ja mayor parte del perfodo, Solamente én 1956/57,
[1544]el mejor afio de! periodo,el nivel se acercé al-de 1933/34 - _
[1547]Para una regién en la que, como Preston James dice § gin
[1549]rodecs, “podemos afirmar que una gran parte de Ia pobla-:
[1551]cién est4 sufriendo hambre’®, este record no representa
[1552]desarrojlo en ningtin sentido. Es mas bien una afirmacién
[1553]de la agravacién te la crisis permanente basada en el sistema
[1554]conocido y: profundamente asentado del monopolio feudal y
[1555]neo-feudal sobre la tierra. Todas las estad{sticas disponibles
[1557]: -apuntan hacia una concentracién continuada. y probable-
[1559]mente ascendente de la propiedad sobre In tierra en los aiios
[1560]recicntes: Un estudio de Moacyr Paixao demuestra que en
[1561]el Brasil, poco mfs del 3% de los propietarios estan en pose-
[1563]-si6n de mas del, 62% de la tierra arable, mientras que e]
[1565]85% -de los campesinos posce menos del 17% de la tierra,
[1566]La situacién en Cuba, antes de 1955, era parecida: menos
[1567]del 1.5% de las empresas agricolas posefan el AT % de las
[1569]EI. aumento promedio anual per capita de la produceién
[1570]; agricola en Latinoamérica en 19-15-57, fue solamente de
[1572]a £1 sector aiercota, .
[1576]and, €
[1578]DKSARROLLU GCONUMICO Y CHIMIS FN LA AMERICA LATINA 23.
[1580]tierras, mientras el 70%e de lag propiedades ocupaban poco
[1581]mis del 11% de Ja tierra’, :
[1583]Atin en México, én donde una reforma agraria extensa;
[1584]pero solamente efectiva en parte, habja tenido lugar antes
[1585]de 1949, un nuevo proceso de concentracién de la tierra
[1586]comenzé después de aquel aio, De acuerdo con Luis Yaiies
[1587]Pérez, hacia 1950 alrededor del. hO'CG de las tierras cultivadas
[1588]estaban en posesi6n del 13% de los cultivadores, mientras
[1589]703 grandes empresarios obteninn el 3540 del total -de los
[1590]ingresos agricolas de la republica*’, ,
[1592]Hacia 1955, de acuerdo con un calculo- semiofical mexi-
[1593]el sector privado agricola, en contraste con él sector
[1594]comunal creado por Ja reforma agraria, se habla expandido
[1595]de tal manera que. “podfa ser atin mayor que lag propivdades:
[1597]--privadas en 1930", es. decir, antes de que se distribuyeran
[1599]la mavorfa de lus tierras como consecitencia de la reforma-
[1600]agraria. El hecho de que muchas de las nuevas grandes
[1602]‘ propiedades sean empresas capitalistag relativamente efi-
[1604]cientes. no altéra el significado de la “eontra-reforma” ya
[1605]que éstas se han dedicado casi exclusivamente a producir
[1606]productos de exportacién, emplean mucho menos obret
[1607]de los que de otra forma pudicran subsistir de la-tierra y
[1608]de ahi resulta que retardan la produccién desesperadamente
[1609]necesaria de comestibles para el mercado interno y agravan
[1611]la seria situacién de desempleo agricola.
[1613]Para el conjunto de Latinoamérica, Otto Feinstein resume
[1614]de manera conservadora Ja situacién actual de la posesién
[1615]de la tierra y su utilizaci6n como sigue: “Ja distribucién de
[1617]‘Ia tierra estA hecha de tal manéra que una proporcidn infi-
[1619]nitesimal ce los clasificados coma propictarios legales de la
[1620]tierra posee una vasta mayoria de la misma. Menos el 6%
[1621]de los terratenientes posee usualmente mas del 60% ‘de la
[1622]tierra. Esto no sélo significa concentracién de la tierra en
[1623]grandes propiedades, usualmente incapaces de financiar su
[1625]tarios poseen usualmente parcelas demasiado pequeliag
[1626]para ‘una produccién racionat’.®? .
[1628]A ésto hay que afiadir solamente que siti uria revolucién
[1630]milacién de la técnica del siglo XX en la produccién agricola,
[1631]cualquier florecimiento éptimo o de otro género de la eco
[1632]nomia latinoaméricana, es incapaz, por su indole, de satis-
[1633]facer las necesidades de desarrollo de Ia regién. _
[1638]14-0000
[1640][
[1642]papi)
[1644]5 an , MAURICE NALPRRIN
[1646]. . 5 :
[1648]b. El sectur industrial.
[1650]Aunque el estancamiento de la agricultura y, en particu:
[1651]lar, de los productos alimenticies, redtice considerablementé
[1652]la significacién del aumento total en la produccisn de bienes
[1653]materisles, el hecho de que la produccién de Is industria ‘de
[1654]elaboracién aumenté a tn promedio anual de &2°% per capita
[1655]--miis del doble del aumento de ln agricutura— el hecho
[1656]» aportdé.aleo sustancial, tanto cualitativa come cuantitativas
[1657]“mente al desarrolio: material -alcanzado ‘durante. este perfo-
[1659]do. Un restilidd es él cambio que se operd en la distribu |”
[1661]‘cién por sectores del PRN de Latinoamérica. En 1945 Ja
[1662]industria de elaboracién y la construccidn representaban el
[1663]Vile-del PEN y In dgricultura el 26", mientras que en 1957,
[1664]como ya. hemos indicado, ‘la participacién- de la-industria
[1666]; -_de-elabaracién y de dn construccién juntas igualaron lade la
[1667]vagriculturs, representando cada una el 23.550, | .
[1669]-’ Si consideramos los paises separadamenta encontramos
[1671]Que los incrementos relativos en cl sector de la industria de-
[1672]elaboracidn,:fueron relativamenté mas pronunciados en Jas.
[1673]repiblicas menos industrializadas, aunque al mismo tiempo,
[1675]al fin del perfodo, Ia agricultura atin mantenia st posicién .
[1677]predon
[1679]nte, Asi, en Colombia. por ejempla ef sector agri-
[1680]endid del 45 al 31%r del PBN, ¥ atin esta proporcién
[1681]superaba la ‘aportacién: de In industria de eaboracién. El
[1682]modelo en Brasil, —que en este aspecto representé una -ex-
[1683]cepcién entre los cuatro pafses de mayor produccién indus-
[1684]trial— fue el mismo que en Colombia: en 1857 el sector
[1685]agricola aun era el predominante. En cuanto a Arventina, .
[1686]Chile y México, donde la industria hab{a sobrepasado ligera-
[1687]mente a la agricultura en 1945, el cambio recistrado en Ja -
[1688]importancia relativa de dichos sectores fue insignificante®’.
[1690]Mientras que para las ecenomias subdesarrelladas del
[1691]conjunto de Latinoamérica Ia relativa industrializacién in-
[1693]PBN, tiene algunas implicaciones de desarrollo positivo, el
[1694]grado de desarrollo industrial alcanzado es exagerado por
[1696]“muchos de los resiimenes estadisticos. Por ejemplo, nos .
[1698]encontramos. que-una proporcién sustancial de lo que es
[1699]clasificado como actividad industrial —adn en las republi-
[1701]cas mas desarrolladas— continia técnicamente al nivel de -
[1702]_las operaciones de una herreria vural.
[1704]La situacién en Perd, sobre la cual pueden hallarse esta-
[1705]disticas recientes y bastante numerosas, puede ser conside-
[1707]DESARROLLO ECONOMICS ¢ CTiSIS EN LA AMERICA LATINA pai
[1709]rada tipica para la mayor parte de Latinoamérica. Desde
[1710]el punte de vista del desarrollo industrial en general, Peru
[1711]‘tiene una situacién ligeramente mejor que la media entre las
[1712]‘20 repiblicas y su PBN y gu desarrollo industrial en los
[1714]~ -ailtimos ates se acerca al promedio de la regién. Ademas,
[1716]Pera posee ung moderna fundicién de hierro y-acero.
[1718]En 1955. ligeramente mas del 80% de la mano de obra
[1719]industrial, incluyendo artesanos, trabajaba en talleres que,
[1720]con Un promedio de.menos de 14 obreros, y probablemente
[1722]“—-Ta mitad de exe riimero, producian el 40% de los productos ~
[1724]elaborados del pais: En el caso del Pert es dificil] hablar
[1725]de -progresos serios industriales por otra razé6n : de 1945-55
[1726]hubo una disminucién en la participacién relativa de la in-
[1727]dustria. local en-los suministros totales de productos elabo-
[1728]““rados, 8 | oe . : .
[1729]Si consideramos ahora ef aumento de la produccién de
[1730]bienes de capital en Latinoamérica’, aparece que ha sido
[1731]mas sustancial de lo que realmente fue, debido en parte, a la
[1732]base tan baja de que se partié. En vista de la complejidad
[1733]de la produccién industrial y de las diferencias en terminolo-
[1736]cién de bienes de capital y bienes de consumo, elemento de
[1738]* bastante tmportancia para apreciar el nivel de madurez in-
[1740]dustrial. No obstante. podemos obtener un calculo aproximado
[1741]en cl realizado por lis Naciones Unidas de 1954. De acuerdo
[1742]con este cilculo, basado en estadisticas de 6 paises —Argen-
[1743]tina, Brasil, Colombia, Chile, México y Venezuela— que
[1744]representan el grueso de la produccién industrial de Latino-
[1745]américa, “las industrias de bienes de capital. .. 1
[1746]no mais del 18% de Ia produccién industrial total de Latino-
[1747]américa’.** Probablemente este porcentaje fue mayor en
[1749]1957, aunque quizA no mucho.
[1751]“Al mismo tiempo, una considerable disipacién improduc-
[1752]-tiva de la produccién de bienes de capital limita su impor-
[1753]tancia como indice del desarrollo econémico basico. En 1945-
[1755]’ 67 —para toda la regién y practicamente todos los paises
[1756]"por separade—, mis‘de la mitad de las inversiones fijas de
[1757]‘capital se orientaron hacia “‘edificaciones y construcciones”,
[1759]el mayor porcentaje del cual-se concentro en‘“residenciaa” -
[1761]_que en Latinoamérica ‘son en abrumadora mayoria casas muy.
[1762]- Jujosas, una importante mercancfa de la lucrativa especula-
[1763]cién urbana.” a cots
[1765]--reptblicag, es dificil determinar la relacién entre la produe-
[1767]representan. |
[1769]. Fipancana Vek Rs... PO PETTERS Mere
[1771].
[1773]5
[1775]FAS CRY ectual WORE: 9. Mb Foe
[1778]14-0000
[1780]one
[1782]23 : . MAURICE HALPERIN
[1784]Entre lag repiblicas mis activas industrialmente, se ha
[1785]préstado una justificada atencién al Brasil. En Brasil Ja
[1786]produccién de lingotes de acero se quintuplied en’ 10 afies
[1788]” 'y el valor de la produccién de bienes de capital aumenté con
[1790]una rapidez que casi triplica a la de bienés de consumo, No
[1792]obstante, considerando Ia produccién industrial en conjunto, .-
[1794]los cambios estructurales resultantes vo han sido ten espec-
[1795]tuculares como los acoritecimientas Parecen indicar, :
[1797]Aunque el valor de la producciéa de bienes de capital
[1799]se elevé de alrededor'de an cuarto a un tercio del total de
[1800]la produccién de la industria de elaboracién, en menos de una
[1802], . década, este éxito est4 seriamente afectado por el hecho de
[1804]que la preduccién do maquinaria, en 1959, represent6 menos
[1806],_ - del 3%. del valor total de la produccién industrial.*? Operando .
[1808]en una economia plagada de persistentes y agudas deficien-
[1810]« ~ “cias-de energia y transporte —caracteristica pricticamente .
[1811]_ - comin a toda América Latina— sin capacidad reproductiva,
[1813]. produciendo exclusivamente Para el mercado interior y de-
[1814]- pendiendo de lag ganancing Por concepto de .exportaciones
[1816]de café y de inversiones directas de capital extranjero, para
[1818]-_obtener bienes de capital y varias materias primas, la indus-
[1820]‘tria brasilefia ha aumentado la vulnerabilidad de-la econom{a
[1822]- ante factores externos, sin lograr los medios para una in-
[1824]dustrializacién bisica,
[1826]La industria argentina, tradicionalmente la mas fuerte de
[1827]Latinoamérica en términos de producvida per capita, pre-
[1828]. Senta caracteristicas estructurales simiilstes a las del Brasil.
[1829]La produccién de maquinarias y equipes aumenté en mas del
[1830]800% entre 1937-38 y 1955, mientras su participsciin rela.
[1831]tiva en la produccién industrial se elevd del 3.7 al 6.1%. Sin
[1832]embargo, reparaciones y reposiciones de piezas representa.
[1833]ron el 40% de este total, como resultado de lo cual sélo el
[1834]60% de la produccién en este Sector representé un incremen-
[1835]to de las existencias de maquinaria y equipos, de lo cual, a
[1836]8u vez,el 60% se concentré eit facilidades. de transporte.*'
[1838]La deficiencia fundamental del desarrollo industrial en - -
[1840]Argentina y Brasil, prevalece sobre toda la regién. Es resu-
[1842]- ‘mida por el hecho, previamente sefialade, de que-al fin de
[1843]--un perfodo de 12-afios de intensificaciéa-de la actividad in-
[1845]dustrial —que culmina la fase moderna de un proceso que
[1846]comenz6 con la primera guerra mundial— Latinoamérica
[1847]todavia dependia de las importaciones para mis de 90° de
[1848]sus necesidades en maquinarias y equipos:. : .
[1850]v
[1852]rn a
[1854]. DESARROLLO ECONONMICO ¥ CRISIS EN LA AMERICA LATINA 29
[1857]Dele mencionarse también un factor adicional en relacién
[1858]con el problema de log “enquistamientos” que kemos abor-
[1859]dada, pere que tanibien coniplica la valoracién del desarrollo
[1860]de Latinoamérica, La gran mayoria de las empresas moder-
[1861]nas de elaboracién de Ja regién son de propiedad extranjera.
[1862]Las inversiones privadas directas de los Estados Unidos en
[1864]1 este sector, nuis que se duplicaron durante el periodo 19+45-
[1865]. 67 y, en-1959, tenian un valor en contabilidad de aproxima-
[1866]damente 1400 millones de -délares, mayor gue la‘inversién
[1867]en cualquier otro sector con excepcidn del petréleo, y repre-
[1868]Sentaban cerea de la sexta parte del total de las inversiones. |
[1869]privadas directas de los Estados Unidos en Latinoamérica.
[1871].., La mayor parte de estas inversiones se ha dirigido hacia.
[1873]‘la industria pesada ¥ hacia la industria alimenticia, ye
[1874]70 se ha-concentrado en Brasil, .Méxieo y Argentina. Sala-
[1875]mente Brasil ha recibido mas del 30%0 del total."? Se estima’
[1876]que dentre de una persistente tendencia‘a la expansién, en
[1877]1957 la participacién privada extranjera (Estados Unidos
[1878]y' Europa) en las inversiones en las industrias del Brasil,
[1879]represent6 el 375 de total.®? .
[1881]‘El impacto de esta situacién en el desarrollo industrial
[1882]¥ econémico de América Latina en términos generales es,
[1883]por lo menos, contradictorio. De una parte, existe una pre-
[1884]ducciéa nueva con sus correspondientes efectos multiplica-
[1886]- dores. Al mismo tiempo, esto no se puede considerar
[1887]- completamente beneficioso ya que mucha de esta produc--_
[1888]cidn consiste moramente en el montaje de piezas impertadas
[1890]‘y también depende de materias primas del exterior. .
[1892]De otra parte, la capacidad de expansién de las empresas’
[1893]extranjeras‘a través de la reinversién de los beneficios esta
[1894]Nmitada a largo plazo por las posibilidades de su remisién.
[1896]. De aqui que mientras mayor sea la expansién, mayor seré
[1897]Ja expertaciin eventual de capital « ipso facto la decapitali-
[1898]zacién creciente de las seriamente subcapitalizadas econo-
[1899]mias latinoamericanas. Como muy bien dice el economista
[1900]brasilefio Caio Prado (hijo), cualquiera que-sea el estimulo
[1901]inicial para et desarrollo provisto por las fabricas propiedad
[1903]‘de extranjeros, “con el tiempo se transforma en una obs-
[1904]traccién”.**” a moe,
[1906]’_ Una observacién: final puede sér hecha para confirmar
[1907]las limitaciones del desarrollo industrial de Latinoamérica.
[1908]Es bien conocido que en cualquier regién subdesarrollada la
[1909]capacidad de la industria ‘para absorver mano de obra esde .
[1912]14-0000
[1914]‘Reral. En este sentido anotenws que ecire 194.
[1918]mente.
[1920]MAURICE HALPERIN
[1923]SE tts
[1927]una importancis Qxisiva, tanto para lk scelerciin del dese |
[1929]armiioé industris! eomo para el desarmiy execomico en ge.
[1931]S45 y 1955, la
[1932]Propsreién de &y mano de obra dedicsGs 3 la agricultura,
[1933]decay del 374 af 31.66.15 Esto represses una disminu.
[1935]= fe
[1937]- cin apreciable ea términos abselutos y c2 fendmeno asocia-
[1939]do tairicamente evo el desarruliy eoomicica.
[1941]Para América Latina lo contrarie es by cierto. Como lo °
[1943]describdié recientemente un funcionsrio de bs Organizacién
[1945]de Estadas Americanos, es un circuls teins: la intensifica-
[1947]cidn de la pobresa en los: campos ha estizalado un éxodo
[1950]la técnica agricois ba sido demasiado haio Para compensar
[1951]‘la péridida de maze de obra, y el desarrov industrial muy
[1953]Jento para ofrecer empleo a los campesinos Gesplazados**, De
[1954]este modo, la prodvecién del total.de trabaziores dedicados
[1956]a mas del doble del indice Ge la industria y is coastruccién.?
[1958]En otras palahrss, el grueso de la mano de obra en éxode
[1959]de la agricultura, izcrementé las filas de barieratas, limpia-
[1960]botas. vendedores ce periédicos. sirviertes domésticos y
[1961]similares, para mo mancionar los desempleades. Este fend-
[1962]meno explice ‘al mistno tiempo la disparidsd entre el aumento
[1963]roblacién en ia América Latina y la
[1965]ala industria va ls construcciones. 2umenid solamente del.
[1966]. DV al 185°C del total, Al mismo teem ia-narte correcnan!
[1967]_ diente al sector de ke servicios aumenté det33 sl 27.4% osea
[1969]industrislizaciéa dé is regi6n que avanzs macho mas lenta-
[1971]i
[1973],
[1977]|
[1978]|
[1979]i
[1981]i
[1982]|
[1987]set
[1989]"7.— Los ingresos personales durante el
[1990]periodo de “florecimiento optimo”
[1992]Para una apreciacién general.de la evolucién de la econo:
[1993]mia de Latinoamérica, una ultima pregunta debe ser for-
[1995]mulada: ~Cémo fueron afectatios los niveles de Nida de las...
[1996]grandes masas de poblacién? E] primer punto en el. que-se -
[1998]debe hacer hincapié es el de que de 1945 a 1957 el consumo
[1999]per capita de la regi6n en conjunto aumenté en un 40%,
[2000]en comparacién con un 31% para ef PBN per capita. Este
[2001]fendmeno ha sido descrito como “alentador” por los econo-
[2003]mistas de la CEPAL**
[2005]Sin embargo, un examen de la distribucién de los ingre-
[2006]sos creados por el PBN revela que el incremento del consemo
[2010]tado estrictamente a una opuienta minoria y de ahi que,
[2012]mejor como una. deplorable disipacién. de Ja plus-valia. Aun
[2013]aceptande que en el caso de Latinoamérica pueda ser justi-
[2014]ficado el debate entre teorizantes respecto de cuanto puede
[2015]o.debe ser “exprimida la poblacién... a través de un aplaza-
[2016]miento de la elevacién de los niveles de consumo... y utili-
[2017]zado para inversiones basicas, con el fin de... lograr un
[2018]rapido aumento de la produccién™, como dice Gunnar Myrdal
[2021]“exprimir el iugo’’ que tiene como consecuencia un super. .
[2023]consumo y una subinversiédn por parte de los que perciben
[2024]las utilidades y que, consecueniemente. no ofrece ninguna
[2025]Fersepectiva para un rapido aumento de la produccién.
[2027]A besar de que las estadisticas sobre ingresos personales ;
[2028]estin muy diseminadas y son relativamente poco exactas,
[2030]todo-evidencia que la significativa disparidad entre.los in. :
[2032]_ gresos de las clases poseedoras y la clase trabaiadora en.
[2033]América Latina, se ha inerementade durante este perfoda y,
[2035]come. resultado, los problemas materiales y sociales de la
[2037]as.
[2039]14-0000
[2043]pobreza durante et periodo de bonanza han sido iguales. si
[2044]no mayores, queantes?
[2046]Esta situacidn la confirma la continua niigracién de cam
[2047]Pesinos desposeides y ta situacén de hambre a la cual ya
[2048]nos hemos referide. Ctros sintomas han sido las vastas lu.
[2049]chas sociales y las salvajes represiones politicas que alean-
[2050]zaron un grado de intensidad y una extensida seognifica
[2051]protiablemente inicusinda en América Latina durante. cual-
[2052]quier otro perivo de alto indice de actividad econdmica:
[2054]Un sintoma general es el agudo encarecimiento de la vida
[2056]“en la mayoria de les paises, que aun de acuerdo con Iss
[2058]cifras oficiales, alexnzéd proporciones fenomenales en algu-
[2060]-nas republicas. a pesar de Ia aubestimacién habitual y no-
[2061]- toria de los organismes que confeccionan las estadisticas en
[2063]casi todos los gobiernos.*' Los salarios normalmente se. re-
[2065]“"zagaron y, atin en los casos en que ‘las huelgas forzaron
[2067]ajustes témporales mas o menos correctos, el. alza de los
[2069].Precios fue tan rapido, que siembre hubo un lapso' de tiempo
[2070]_en el cual los ingresos reales de los asalariados disminu:. .
[2072]yeron.
[2074]. Las tendencias fluctuaron en dependencia de los paises
[2075]y de los afios. Las estadisticas de Argentina indican que un
[2076]alza real en bos salarios y los suelios industriales durante
[2077]les primeres afes ds Ja postguerra, fue seguida por una’
[2078]tendencia a la disminucién después de 1949". EF] record no
[2079]es tan claro en Brasil y en Colombia. en donde en cualquier
[2081]caso. “los salarios resles per capita en la industria disminu-
[2083]yeron algo en los ultimos afios, a pesar de un aumento en la
[2084]produccién per capita’? En general y a largo plazo, Ia
[2085]clasi¢a “redistribucién de Ja riqueza” caracteristica de 1a
[2086]inflacién prolongada.v rapida, impuso su tributo a los asala-
[2087]riudos de América Latina.. : .
[2089]” Son dignas de considéracién las estadfsticas chilenas so-
[2091]bre este punto, poryze son mas completas y merecedoras -
[2093]de confianza que la mayoria de las otras, De 1945 a 1957, la
[2094]proporcién relativa de los gastos ‘totales nacionales de los
[2096].consumidores, representados por. los salarios y: los sueldos
[2097]‘de oficina, disminuy6é en un 10%, mientras que el consumo
[2098]derivado de utilidades, intereses y rentas, aumenté en cerca :
[2100]de un 15%. Al mismo tiempo, el hecho de que el consumo
[2101]per capita de_articulos tales como carne, patatas y especial-
[2103]mente trigo, disminuyera sustancialmente durante el perio- :
[2105]MAURICE HALPERIN |
[2107]32
[2108]_ eee
[2110]7 ae
[2112], DESARROLLO ECONONICO Y¥ CRISS EN La AMERICA LATINA . 33
[2114].
[2116]do, suyiere que la mayoria de kx chilenos se empobrecié,
[2117]* tunto cn terminos relatives come abselutas."*
[2119]Aparentemente, en Perd. ex deme una buena parte de los
[2120]ingress no se compatan esces silarios. las “caracteristicas
[2121]gencrales.de.la distribuciéa Ge es ingresus no experimentd
[2123]ninguna variacién sustancisi ectre 1945 y 183°. Durante. ° -
[2125]esta década, alrededor del 43+ de Ia povlacién tural del
[2127]~Perti pudo satisfacer solamente las “necesidades minimas.
[2129]fara la subsistencia”, lo cuai, cccvertido en términes mone-
[2130]tarios, significa un consurs sacral per cépita equivalente.
[2131]a no mas de 50 dolares, meacs de ia tercera parte del per
[2132]capita promedio- nacional .-—-.... ce
[2133]En Venezuela, la mayor parte de los datos conceidos sefia-
[2134]jan una mayor diferenciacién ance los ingresos de las altas
[2136]“¢eapas-y los de la mayoria. Be sccerdo con un analisis, .alre-
[2137]dedor de tres cuartas partes ce la poblacién venezolana :
[2139]percibe menos de un tercio det exormemente exagerado per
[2140]capita de ingresos naciousles.* Ex Cuba, una sola estadistica~
[2141]nos dice lo suficiente acerca Ge Sa Cistribucién de ks ingresos;
[2142]con anterioridad a Ia RevoloeNa de 1959, el promedio anual
[2143]de desocupados era de un 5%. mS
[2147]a Cuba, Chile e incluso a Arg a, carecen en cierto modo
[2148]de relicve, ya que-esas repiNicas experimentaron pero o
[2150]“ningun desarrollo en 1945-57. No se puede decir lo mismo
[2152]sobre México, pais subre el cas! racientemente se han publi-
[2154]cado notables estadisticas acezca de la distribucién de los -
[2156]ingresos,
[2158]De acuerdo con un andliss detallado y en several de
[2159]oriéntacién conservadora, de ks eecnemista mexicana Ifigenia
[2161]de Navarrete, aparecen los siguientes datos reveladares:7"
[2163]1? De 19-40 a 1950, los ingresos personales de los empre-
[2164]sarios se clevaron del 60% al 6¢°c de ies ingresas personales
[2165]en la republica, mientras los de fos asslariados disminuyeron
[2166]de la misma forma de! 40 ai 34% del total.
[2168]2° De 1950 a 1957 en térmizes & ingresos familiares, (a)
[2170]el promedio de ingrescs mensazies en las familias de lag :
[2172]capas mis humildes, que comprencen el 2050 de Ia podlacién
[2174]mexicana, fue de 22.3 ddlares em 1950 y de 19.8 en 1957.
[2176]—computados en pesos de F357 y convertidos- en
[2177]délares de ese mismo aiio-— recresentando una declinacién
[2179]relativa del 69 al 4.5% de los incresos totales y una decli- _
[2183]14-0000
[2185]MAURICE MALPERIN
[2187]Ww .
[2189]OO
[2190]nacién absoluta del 11% (b) para la mitad de la poblacién,
[2191]incluyerda ol 2000 da les expos més hundhes: Uf pidinedio
[2192]de ingresos familiares reales fue aprosiniadamente el mismo
[2193]en 1950 y en 1957, o sea alrededor de 28 délares al mes
[2194]—en délares de 1957— Jo cual representa, no obstante, una
[2195]disminucié6n relativa del 19 al 15.5°C de log ingresos fami-
[2196]liares-totales; (c) mientras en 1950, el 70%: de las familias
[2197]‘récibieron el $1.5 de los ingresos familiares totales, en
[2198]1957 recibieron solamente el 28.5%.
[2200]Si exisie airuna exayeracién en este estudio de la ten-
[2201]dencia del ingreso de la mayoria de los mexicanos a perma-
[2203]necer estacionario o atin a disminuir, eg en el sentido de_
[2205]subestimarla...Por ejemplo, de acuerdo -con ‘la, profesora
[2206]soviética M. V, Danilyevitch, los ingresos reales de los obre-
[2208]res industriales en México entre 1939.¥ 1952, mostraron una .
[2209]. tendencia a la. disminucién después de 1940,7* de. donde se
[2211]deduce la sospecha de que el empobrecimiento absoluto™ «
[2212]esta. mds difundido de lo que demuestra el andlisis de’ la.
[2214]” economista mexicana. Esta sospecha es apoyada por las ten-
[2216]dencias en el consumo de alimentos per capita. De 1934-36
[2218]_ 8, 1952-56; de acuerdo con una encuestra de las Naciones -
[2219]Unidas, un anilisis de la informacién obtenible “revela la
[2221]existencia de varias tendencias importantes que se han re-
[2225]En todo caso no hay probablemente ninguna exageracién
[2227]en la conclusién general Propuesta por la sefora Navarrete .
[2229]como resultado de su estudio, afirmando que del 65 al 70%
[2231]de la poblaci6n mexicana no tuvo ninguna _participacién -
[2233]en los “beneficios del desarrollo econémico”. No se pecaria
[2234]de exageracié6n si se afirmara que las privaciones sufridas
[2235]durante este perfodo de “florecimiento é6ptimo de Ja econo-
[2236]mia’ por el grueso de Ia poblacién: mexicana, bajo las condi-
[2238]-ciones relativamente favorables de la economia de ese pals,
[2240]fueron mas intensas en la ran mayoria de las otras rept-
[2241]blicas latinoamericanas.. ~ ,
[2244]. oa , an
[2245]EI camino hacia el desarrollo -
[2247]Ciertamente muchos circulos se han percatado de- la
[2249] gravedad de la presente crisis en Latinoamérica, come un
[2251]desastre econémico y la agudizacisn de los conflictoa poll- -
[2252]ticos y sociales. Tampoco han faltado los factores, reales
[2253]o imaginarios, aducidos para explicat esta situacién, Sin
[2254]embargo, es muy frecuente Ia tendencia —aun entre eape-
[2255]cialistas de alguna competencia— a conceder verosimilitud
[2256]a la nocién de que ¢l desarrollo econédmico ha sido “rapido”
[2257]en Latinoamérica, o de que “el desarrollo de América Latina
[2258]ha sido impresionante”, o de que Latinoamérica “ha Hegado
[2259]a Ja edad de un desarrollo econémico vigoroso”."" Esto, como
[2260]hemos tratudo de demostrar, estA lejos de ser clerto, de
[2261]acuerdo con toda la evidencia obtenible. Lo que hemos lama-
[2262]do el “flurecimiento é6ptime” de la economia latinoamericana
[2263]se ha confundido con un funcionamiento satisfactario.
[2265]4Cémo reaumir Ja evidencia? Si existe una formula mate-
[2266]matica para medir-y apreciar el contenido del nodesarrollo
[2268]" y del antidesarrollo de las actividades econémicas que hemos
[2270]examinado y definir con precisién el FBN real de Latino.
[2271]américa, su magnitud relativa en una escala mundial y su -
[2272]{indice temporal de variabilidad, el autor de este trabajo no
[2273]la eonoce ni tlene capacidad para inventar.una. Pero quizds,
[2274]pidiendo prestada una frase a Joan Robingon, “no ticne
[2275]objeto encerrar algo en definiciones mas precisas que el
[2276]sujeto al cual se aplican”.*? Nosotros podemos afiadir: mas
[2277]precisa:que los datos estadisticos escasos e imperfectos con
[2279]-los cuales tenemos que trabajar.
[2281]De aqui que no intentemos formular més que una conclu-
[2283]‘sién general: Ja de que el desarrollo, tal'y como ha tenido
[2286]14-0000
[2288]Sealey Apia Diet
[2290]Sivies pe cee
[2292]MAUBICE HALPERIN
[2294]36
[2296]-
[2298]lugar, ha sido sumamente exagerado y ha dejedo de satisfa-
[2299]cer en todos sentidos. sov
[2300]de desarrollo de la regién. Para concretar, Ia caracteristica
[2301]decisiva de este desarrvllo es que dejd de proporcionar o
[2302]establecer luz bases pars un iacremento suficiente y rmipido
[2303]en la capacidad productiva y reproductiva de las ramas de
[2304]la economia cuyas deficiencias fundamentules son la causa
[2305]principal de la perpetuacion del subdesarro!ls, Consecuente-
[2306]mente, !s crisis yctual de Latinoamérica no marca el fin
[2307]de una era de progreso, sino la culminacién de un proceso
[2308]que agravd, en aspectos esenciales, los males crénicos inter-
[2310]nosy
[2312]-Jlada-y dependendiente de la regién.
[2314]Los factores que deforman ln economia de ‘Latinoamérica e
[2315]impiden su deserrollo, estan entrelazados tan estrechamente
[2316]que no ge pueden remediar por separado. Los problemas de
[2318]. la tenencia de la tierra y su-utilizacién, de las. industrias _
[2319]basicas y de Ja vulnerabilidad hacia factores externos, son —
[2321]facetas de un problema mayer: Las ramificaciones. politicas
[2323] y econémicas de la funcién dominante en toda la regié6n, que ,
[2325]es la exportacion de materias primas bajo términos y con-
[2326]diciones dictados desde el exterior.
[2328]El “florecimiento éptimo” que hemos estudiado y 1a crisis
[2329]que engendré, indican con suficiente claridad que In econo-~
[2330]mia latinoamericana ha liegade a la coyuntura donde ta.
[2331]eliminacion de Ja dependencia neocolonial debe ser situada
[2332]en la agenda y con ello el abandono del tratamiento espon-
[2333]taneo del ‘subdesarrollo, Silo sobre esta base ser’ posible
[2336]racionales que. requiere un ataque victorioso contra el-
[2338]subddesarrullo.”
[2340]es vy econdnicos, las necesidades |
[2342]“Ia vulnerabilidad externa de Ia economia subdesarro- .
[2346]Anotaciones
[2348]1.—E! Mercado Comin Latinoamericano. Naciones Unidas, >
[2349]1949, pay. 51. Aparte del fin de wesperidad de post.
[2350]guerra..otros factores son los cambios en ta produceidn y en
[2351]ja técnica. que afectan el consumo de materiss primas natu-
[2352]rales, las distintas clases de diseriminaciones y competencias
[2353]en lus paises importadores de productos latinaanericanos,
[2354]el Mercado Comitin Europes, competencia africana. ete.
[2356]2.—Entre 1959 y 1945, la posesién de oro ¥ valores extran-
[2357]jeros aumenté en cinco veces de acuerde con Poet War Price
[2358]Relations in Trade between Under-Developed and Industria-
[2359]lized Countries. Nacioneas Unidas 23 de febrero 1949,
[2361]pigs TL. ;
[2362]3.—De El Merendo Comin Latinoamericano pig. 16.
[2363]4—A partir del 1955, en los Estades Unidos ei ritmo de’
[2365]aumento medio anual del producto per capita ha sido de
[2367]_ alrededor del 1%. Para una mayor comprensiéa del titmo
[2369]de Latinoamérica. ‘es interesante hacer notar que en el pe-
[2370]riodo que-estainos considcrando ha sido mas elevado que en
[2371]el conjunto-de los .pafses subdesarrollados del Sudeste de."
[2372]Asia, pero: mucho ‘menor’ que en !as paises socialistas del
[2373]Este de Europa, en donde, sepin las apreciaciones mas
[2374]conservadoras, el aumento per capita de los bienes materia-
[2375]les, con toda seguridad ha promedisdo més del T' anual en
[2376]todos los paises y en algunos hasta el 10°-.-Economic Survey _
[2377]of Europe, 1956. Naciones Unidas, 1937, Capitulo Il, pig. 2).
[2379]De 1937 2 1959, cuando cl desarrollo de Latinoamérica se ~
[2381]“paralizé, “el promedio anual del ritmo de desarrviio ilegé ©
[2383]al 17%" [15> per expita] para todss los paises socialistas
[2384]y el 10° en Ia Unidn Soviética (9% per capita)” de acuerdo _
[2385]con un informe de N.S. Jruschov, Kommunist, No. 1, Enero _
[2387]“de 1961, pig. 10.
[2389]5.—Anialisis vy Proyecciones del Desarrollo Econdmico’ V.
[2390]El Desarrollo Econéinico de fa Argentina Naciones’ Unidas,
[2391]1959, vol. 1. pag. 15. El ritmo de expansida global fue de
[2393]poblacién a 3.2'¢ anual, Kitmos de-desarruiio eievados, por
[2394]supuesto, se registraron en algunos paises de tiempo en
[2395]tiempo. pero solamente por breves perfodos.
[2397]6.—Ifigenia M. Navarrete, La Distribucidn del Ingreso y ~
[2398]el Desarrollo Econémico de México, México, D. F., 1960,
[2399]pag. 11. ° . .
[2401]7.—E\ PBN a precios de mercado, e3 uno de los.dos siste- *
[2402]mas mas:comprensibles para apreciar la actividad. econdmica;
[2403]el otro'es Ia renta nacional, que estima la rroduccién expre-
[2404]sada er, términos de ganancias derivadas del PBN. La CEPAL
[2407]14-0000
[2409]fe - oo . - . es 7
[2410]A B®,
[2411]4 “Ss . : MAURICE HALPERIN j - PFSSDROLLO ECONOMICO ¥ CRISS EX La ANRBICA Lanna 39 i
[2412]2 2 - :
[2414]} . Se Ts cual hemos obtenido ta mayor parte de nuestras estadis. j conjunto, las condiciones. del intercambio per término medio
[2416]4 ass seers que oie Latinoantrica tos canting en a j mejoraron sélu ligeramente de 1938-54, después de lo cual
[2418]. ms © Bru Aa sotitian ext a A ten Os i a cons. H se predujo- una tendencia al empeoramiento (Economic
[2420]a" aniss de un ao especifico, es.ef método mas satis actorig Survey of Asia and the Far East 1959, Naciones Unidag,.
[2422]“ F pektico para apreciar el ritmo del desarrollo ecundmico”, 1960, pig. 63). | : nn
[2424]oa La CEPAL define ef “ingreso bruto” pira la rexién como 17.—EI nivel de precios de los bienes de capital refleja muy
[2426]probablemente el hecho de que un mimero considerable de
[2427]las importaciones correspondid a las empresas extranjeras
[2428]que operan en Latinoamérica. “Los precios en las transac-
[2429]ciones internas de Ias companias no reflejan genuinamente
[2430]fos precios del mercado; el embarcador ¥ el deatinatario no-
[2432]“aqtival-ate al producto bruto... miso menos las gunanciag
[2433]o.lks percidas netag resultauites de cambios en los térmiings
[2434]del iztercambio” -y, por tanto, menos revelador del “éxitg
[2435]Ge tes esfuerzas censtructivos’, Economic Bulletin for Latin
[2436]America, United Nations, Vol. 1. No, 2, Septiembre 1956,
[2437]Fag. 3. De INS a 1935, el aumento promediv ania per
[2438]capita de ins ingresos fue cerea del 22° mayer que el del
[2439]PBN: de. 1955-58 fue un 50% menor. TSF Aue el .
[2440]-,,S—Ecotiomie Survey .of Latin America 1943, Naciones .
[2441]Unidas 1949, Rag. 190. ‘ . a
[2442]-, I—Stedy of Inter-American Trade, Naciones Unidas, 1957
[2444]i
[2446]i
[2448]i
[2452]j
[2454]| débito en los libros de contabilidiad ; las ‘utilidsdes se cambian
[2455]entre la compania matriz y sus subsidiarias en el extran- :
[2456]Jjero... El jugar donde se Fercibe -un ‘balance ventajoso ~ .:
[2458]j depende de... los indices reiativus del impuesto de utilida. . -
[2459]des”, ‘derechos de importacién.. ete. (Post-War Price Rela-
[2461]| _ tions, ete., pig. 126). Ya que las operaciones de las subsi-
[2463]1
[2467]|
[2469]i
[2471]t
[2473]j
[2475]i
[2477]j
[2479]i
[2481]Res 19. 2: Jos 3 pastes en délares:-de acuerdo con Statisti-
[2483]... fal Abstracts e United States, Washi ~
[2484]o Gist . the ; es, shington, 1959, :
[2485]ioe Mercado Comin Latinoamericano, pag. 47,
[2487]—~eonomic Survey of Latin America 1948 7 45.
[2488]12—Ibid, hig. 58 ~ eS Pl 5
[2489]_1S—Las importaciones son también financiadas con Naver.
[2491]Sowes v préstamas extranjeros, pero adn durante el periodo
[2493]en qte ef flujo de capital extranjero pueda ‘temporalmente
[2495]execder el reflujo, bajo la forma de utilidades, intereses y
[2497]amertzaviones, Ins existencias de divisas resultantes repre.
[2499]Sentan soismente una fraceién de lag divisas acunuladas
[2501]mediante las fanancias de las exportaciones, Asi, en el
[2503]Periods da tres. afios, de 1954 g 1956, cuando ‘el flujo de
[2505]canitaies extranjeros Posterior a la gnerra aleanzé su nivel ©.
[2507]maxuze en Latinoamérica —tlujo neto de uproximadamente
[2509]: 2.000 millones de délares— constituyé el 855 del valor total
[2510]‘ de las exportaciones, 24,000 millones de délares en cifras
[2512]. diarias o ramas de compailas extranjerss de Latinoamérica
[2514]cién econémica de Ja regién, en este sentido sus manipula-
[2515]-¢iones con los precios de las importaciones to alteran el,
[2516]significado de los términos fluctuates de! intarcambio, De
[2518]otra parte, no se puede excluir el hecho de que en algunas de
[2520]lus repablicas In mejoria de los términas del intercambio
[2521]beneficié rais a los inversionistas extranjeros que a las em-
[2522]Presas nacionales. Vea Dbid, pag. 111, :
[2523]18.—Los indices siguientes,. aplicndos al corjunto de lta
[2525]regién, muestran la evolucién de los precios de lag expor-
[2526]taciones y de lag importaciones y lag condiciones del inter-
[2527]cambio (obtenidos dividendo los Indices de las Precios da:
[2529]a ias exportaciunes entre log ‘indives de los precios. de las
[2530]oy importaciones) de 1955.59:. : .
[2532]Pt eebessteens
[2536]1953=100 .
[2538]MAT ee: Naar msec
[2540]aera eaate fines del sigio XIX a Jag Visperas de Ig segunda
[2542]18} dad de Re Primarios sree gs una aria conti. 1955 1956 1957 1953 1959 |
[2543]at Reis 2. ¢xportados payarian, ina !
[2544]i periods, svlamente el 60% de la cantidad de bienes‘clabora-. i exportaciones 101-102, «101-95 (Oe)
[2545]f j Que élos-bhubieran podido pagar al comienzo del pericdo”, - } : importaciones . 100. 104 107) 106 107 (Sept.)
[2546]: (Post War Price Relations, etc, nag. 6). : ; 1° | +: términos de} * a
[2547]: Unitas pegnomie. Survey of Latin America 1957, Naciones-- >| |- intercambio 101 9% 91 $0 Bt
[2548]Unidas 3959. pag. 72 (cuadro 69). soe ef - BL
[2549]j8—H Mercado Comin Latinoamericano, pig. 47. En los poo. Fuente: International Financial Statistics, Fondo Mone-
[2551]tsrio’Internacional, Marzo 1960, pigs. 9,
[2555]Frincizates- Raises exportadores del Sudeste de Asia, en
[2558]14-0000
[2560]Sm Na apes MNO EY in 2 peo
[2562]pnari arian
[2564]4a ts : “MAUAICR HALPRRIN
[2566]19.—Para 1958, Economie Survey of Latina America 195s,
[2568]Naciones Un, 1959, pas. Th: para 1259, lus caivutos de
[2569]la CEPAL >
[2571]s.
[2572]a retlivad’s cn Excélsior, México D. F., dutio 5,
[2573]966: para 1Se0, esleulca‘preliminares de “South America
[2574]Feononis Review" y “Carikbean Economic Review", New
[2576]York Times Exero de 1961.
[2577]20.—De no indicarse lo contrario, las estadisticas concere
[2579]hientes a les raises en particular, han sido tomadas o com. .
[2580]1 Economic Survey of .
[2582]putadas de bss ediciones anuales
[2583]Latin America de las Naciones Unidas. Las cifras del PB,
[2584]convertncas por esta publicacién en ddlares de 1950, “han
[2585]sido reconvertidas en ddlares de 1957. con. un incremento
[2586]del 14%, Todos jas aumentos 6 disminuciones en los porcen-
[2588]tajes.del PRN aan sidy calculados sobre Ia base de délares
[2590]de valor constante.
[2592]- 21.—En 1957, en adici6n a la Argentina y Venezuela, PBN |
[2593]- per cépita superiores.al promedio de la regién, se atribuyen.-
[2595]a Uruguay, Cuba, Costa Rica y Panama.
[2597].> "22—-Ver tambisn Ia neta 17. _ .
[2598]23.—Psra ks paises mis atrazados, como Hait{, Bolivia y
[2600]Paraguay, cuya peblacién en conjunto es menos del 5% del
[2602]total de Latinoamérica,. irregularidades: y deficiencias esta-.
[2605]asciende el FBS per capita. En Bolivia, p. ¢, no se efectud
[2606]ningun Cerise entre 1900 y 1950. De acuerdo con el tltime,
[2607]el PBN per edpita de Bolivia se estimé ligeramente superior
[2609]a 80 délares. Probablemenic disminuyd alge durante los.
[2611]" diltimos siete afos, Vea Andlisis ¥ Proveccidaes del Desart
[2612]siet s Vea J sis 4 Desarro-
[2613]Ho Econamico. VY. El Desarrollo Econémico de Bolivia, Na-
[2614]ciones Unidas, 1958, pag. 17. \ .
[2615]24.—A! nreponer el Mercado Comin Latinoameri
[2617]una soluctin urgente a ls problemas de desarrollo posterio-~
[2618]Fes a 1957, eldesurruilo para 1975 se proyecta sobre las bases
[2619]de dos ritmos’ée aumento anual-alternatives del FBN per
[2621]Capita: 24) y 275%. Estos ritmos, asi como el papel asig.~
[2623]nado al Mercado Comin. cuando se constituy: }
[2625]ado al Merca . onstituya, para pronio-
[2626]ver ei desarruila, Farecen muy poco reales, Véase El Mercado
[2627]Comin Latinoamericano. Passim, :
[2629]toa diferencia seria considerablemente mayor ai las
[2630]cifras de producctién’ per cipita fueran comparadas, En 1955~'
[2632]66, la producciktn de acero ¢n Latinoamériva fue -un 40%»:
[2634]menor que el consumo. Desde 1950, el consumo ha aumentado oe
[2635]* con'mayor rapide: que la producci6n: (Economic Survey. of~ ,
[2636]- -Latin America 1938).'Naciones Unidas 1959, pag. 81),
[2638]DESARROLLO BOONUMICU Y CAISIS EN LA AMERICA LATINA al
[2640]og. 28) Merendo Comin Latineamericany pig, 62. El
[2641]YBN per capita de todos log paises ha sido convertida en
[2642]ddlarea de 1255 cuando fue necesario. . -
[2644]27.—Durante 1935-57, eb promedio anual per capita del,
[2645]consume dé evdre en Latinoamérica fue de Q.4 kilogramos?
[2647]yranias; para Ingisterra 9.0, pava Francia 4.3 y para Austria
[2648]3.5 (ibid). ELeonsumo per capita de energia, en el equivalen-
[2649]te de millines de teneladas métricas de hulia (redondeadas)
[2652]2.400; Inglaterra 4.700; y los Estados Unidas, 7.600. (United
[2653]Nations Statisticals Year-book 1955, pag. 368 y siguientes).
[2655]28,.-Worldwide and Domestic Economie Problems and
[2656]Their Impact-en the Foreign Policy of the United Sales
[2657]Comité de Relaciones Exteriores del Senade de los Estados
[2659]Unidos. Agosto de 1959, pag. 24.
[2661]29.—The Stages of Economic Growth, Un Manifiesto No-
[2662]Comunista, Cambridge, Inglaterra, 1960, pag. 24.7
[2663]30.—United Nations Statistical Yearbok, 1959. pag. 450
[2665]_ y siguientes;
[2667]_ 31.—Citras tomadas de las ediciones anuales de Economie
[2668]Survey of Latin America, y las fuentes en las notas 26 y 27.
[2669]32.—The Empire of Oil, New York, 1955, pp. 266-67.
[2671]O4—Tbid, paar, 3.
[2672]35.—Citado per Preston J:
[2673]York, 1959. nig. 690.
[2675]36.—Earl E. T. Smith, citado en “Monthly Review” New
[2676]York, Diciembre 1960, pag. 432.
[2678]87.—Citado de una publicacién de 1951 de la CEPAL sobre
[2679]Venezuela, por Paul Baran en su libro The Potitical Economy
[2680]of Growth. New York 1957, piig. 193.
[2682]38.—Survey of Current Bussneess, Departamento de Co-
[2683]mercio de los Estados Unidos. Septiembre de I960, pag. 22.
[2685]39.—Ibid.
[2687]40 —En 1957, las exportaciones totales de mercancias fue-
[2688]ron de 7.918 millones de délares, (Economic Survey of Latin
[2689]America 1958, pag. 37); las exportaciones totales a log Es-
[2690]tados Unides fueron de 3,765 millones, (ibid. pig. 16).
[2692]41.—Economic Survey of Latin America 1957. pig. 66
[2693]Para un pais dado y en-un ano determinado, la pérdida pu-
[2695]ames. Latin America, New
[2697]diera ser proporcienalmente mucho mayor, como.en el-caso.
[2699]vel Ecuador, p. e.. donde en el ana 1937, cl drenaje represen-
[2701]-t6 mas del 20°C de las ganancias por.concepto de exporta-
[2703]. ciones. (ibid, pag 76).
[2705]—Economic Survey of Latin America 1937, pag. 18.-
[2707]ute be ee EO
[2709]OE er Se) sae ty | are ae
[2711]14-0000
[2713]aia GRR RE,
[2719]42 , a : MAURICE NALPERIN
[2722]2.—Las remisiones brutas de intereses y utilidades, fueron
[2723]de 1,345 millones de délares (ibid, p. 66) ; Ins importaciones
[2724]de maquinaria industrial se estimaron en 1940 millones de
[2725]délares (Economic Survey of Latin America 1958, pig. 52);
[2727]el porcentaje de las inversiones ae calcula aproximadamente -
[2729]ignal al de 1954-56, segtin ealculos del’ Mereado .Comin
[2730]Latinoamericano, pay. 60, - . 7 :
[2731]43.—The Political Econorny of Growth —- op. cit. pag. 19,
[2732]Baran también cita la siguiente observacién provechosa de
[2733]_Economic Survey of Europe since the War. 1953, pag. 25,
[2734]publicacién de las Naciones Unidas: “En los pafses del Este
[2736]"de Eurcpa, los servicios no conectados directamenté con In -
[2737]', -producci6n y. el transporte de mercanciis no se consideran
[2738]*. ‘como. productivos.y su valor se excluye de los ingresos na-.
[2739]~,. cionales [el producto}. Para un pafa pobre que esta tratando
[2741]jae desarroliar su industria y d2-reducir el.subempléo conuin. -
[2743]en Jas ocupacicnes de servicio, la definicién marxista de
[2744]renta nacional [producto] tiene naturalmente algunas ven-
[2745]tajas sobre el concepto mis amplio adaptado a las economfas
[2746]ricas, industrializadas, -y que actualmente se aplica de ma-
[2747]nera comtin a log pafses subdesarroadas,
[2749]44.—Econemie Survey of Latin America 1957, pig. 85. -
[2751]45.—Ibid, y Economic Survey of Latin America 1953, Na-
[2752]ciones Unidas, 1956, piy. 9:
[2754]46.—Economic Survey of Latin America, 1957, op. cit. pig
[2756]85. Desde 1957 Ia produccién per cépita ha disminuido de
[2757]nuevo. . ot
[2758]-47.—Latin America, New York 1959, pig. 870.
[2760]48.-—Elementos da Questao Apriria”’, Revista Brasitiense.
[2762]Rio de Janeiro, No, 24, 1949, pig. 38 y sig. :
[2764]45.—Report on Cuba. Banco Internacional de Reconstrue- -
[2765]cién vy Fomento, Baltimore, 1951, pag. 88. wt
[2766]. 50.--Mecanizactén de la Agricultura Mexicana. México,
[2767]D.F., 1957, pags. 108, 375. :
[2769]51.—La Agricultura, Nacional Financiera, S. A., México-
[2770]Buenos Aires, .1957, pag. 77. Cot
[2772]§2.—“A Changing Latin America and U. S. Foreing Po-
[2774]cy oe University Thought, Chicago, Primavera de 1960,
[2775]*$3.—El sector minero, que es manejado casi exclusivamente
[2776]por extranjeros, registré un incremento aun mayor que la
[2778]elaboracién, pero ello se dehiéd casi exclusivamente ala ex-_ |
[2780]traccién de petrdleo crudo de Venezuela. Excluyendo el pe-
[2781]tréleo, el promedio de aumento‘ per capita seria menor que
[2782]el Incremento del, PEN en conjuaty (Economic Bulletia
[2786]eke cate OTR oe Temas een e geeete sera taal”
[2788]~ pacié6n de dn minerincen el-PBN de
[2790]DESARROLLO KOONOMICO-Y CHISIO FN LA AMERICA LATINA 43
[2792]for Ladin America, CEPAL, Santiago de Chile, vol. 4, No. 1,
[2793]Marzo de 1959, pig. 49). Incluyenda. el petrdlea, la partici
[2794]te Latinoaméricn se clevé
[2795]aproximadamente del 3.60 en 1945 ab &°C en 1957.
[2797]notar que durante el mismo perlode aproximadamente, en
[2798]los pulses menos desarroliados del campo socialists, la pro-
[2799]porcién del PBN (bienes. materiales) representada por la
[2800]produccién industrial, aumenté mis ripidamente y aleanz6
[2801]en general mia altos nivel’s. Hucin 958-59, se levedé de 40.6
[2802]8 66.65% en Rumania; 24.8 2 70.64% on Bulgaria; 9.8 a 55.7%
[2803]en Albania: 28 a 71": on Ja Repitblicn Democratica Popular
[2804]de Coren: 10 al 37.1% ena Reptitticn Democrativa de Viet-
[2806]piv. 6).
[2808]55.—Economie Bulletin fur Latin America, vol. 3°No. 2,
[2810]Octubre 1958, pags. A647. .
[2812]- Nam (New. Times, Mosca, Edicién Jnglesa, No. 61, 1960, 2
[2814]56.—Anulyses and Projections of Economic Development,
[2815]VI. The Indstrial Development of Peru, Naciones Unidas, .
[2817]1959, pigs. 9, 41, 63. cre
[2819]57.—De 1948-67, los textiles y alimentos-bebidas-tabaco,
[2820]aumentaron en conjunto en un 4676, mientras los metales
[2821]basicos al igual que la quimica, registraron un aumento de
[2823]“mds del 80%. La producelén de lingotes de acera, acido sub.
[2825]fiirico, alcalia sédicos y cemento, aleanzaron un aumento
[2827]superior al doble durante el perfodo 1950-57 (Economic Hu-~
[2828]Metin for Latin America, vol. 4, No. 1, Marzo de 1959, pags.
[2830]51, 54). .
[2831]58.—Estudio Econémico de América Latina 195.4. Nacio-
[2833]“nes Unidas 1955, pay. 09, , : .
[2834]59.—Economie Bulletin for Latin America, vol. 3 No. 2,
[2836]Octubre 1958, -pags.-4¥, 49,
[2838]60.—Estudio Econémico de América Latina 1936. Nacio-.
[2840]nes Unidas, 1957. pity. 86, y Annirio Estadistico do Brasil
[2841]3958, pévs. 82, 94-95, 101, .
[2842]61.—El Desarrollo Econdémico de la Argentina, vol. 2, pays.
[2844]- 165, 191, 225,
[2846]*: 62.—Survey of Current Business, Departamento de Co-
[2847]mercio de los Estados Unidos, Septiembre de 1960, pags.,
[2848]20,22. - vo _ =
[2849]63.—Ecenomic Survey of Latin America 1957, pig. 142,
[2851]64.—"Nacionalismo e Desenvulvimento”, Revista. Brasi-
[2853]* Viensé. No. 24, 1959 pay: 15.--- -- 0; ; we,
[2854]65.—Report on World Social Situation, Naciones Unidas, .
[2856]1957, pax. 179..
[2861]14-0000
[2863]AS ARs Nore te RAN: RAP ove,
[2865]44 MAUAICE MALPRRIN
[2867]st.—Armando Samper, segin informd Politica, México,
[2868]D. F., Séptiembre 1 de 1260. poy, 43, .
[2869]67.—"A primera vista pucdde parecer que este incrementa
[2870]en los servicios personsles os el mismo fendmeno que Ocurre
[2871]en Jos paises mss desarrollades, donde seytin numentin los
[2872]ingresos per capita la demanda por servicios vspecializados
[2873]eltamente remunerados es may ehistiea. Sin embaryo, este
[2874]ho parece ser el caso de... [Ameériea Latina) donde clos
[2875]servicios personales pobremente remunerades prevalecen y
[2876]_el excese de trabajadores que no puede ser absorbide por
[2877]otras ocuprciones. .. se oculta de esta nianera... En segun.
[2879]“oy do Tugar... hi elase m&dia, que no puede encontrar una
[2881]ocupacién productiva en actividades econdmicny’ privadas,
[2882]ejerce una presidn constante sobre el sector publico, ef cual
[2884]evidentemiente... debe cumplir una funcién de absorcién
[2886]- -dé.no poca significacién social’, (Ecunomic Survéy. of Latin
[2887]America 1954. Naciones Unidas 1933, pigs, 26-27), ;
[2889], ,68.—EL mercado Conuin Latinosmericano, pig. 45,
[2891]. 69..2Anq International Economy, New York, 1956, pag: 62,
[2893]Como se indica‘en nuestro cuadra, de 19.15
[2895]ciente de inversiones.fijas brutas para el conjunto de Latino-
[2897]smerica fluctué alrtedor de Aw promedio de un 17th del
[2899]PRN. Eni algunos circulos se considera ésta una cifra res-.
[2900]. § . *
[2901]petable, especialmente cunndo se compara con la gran mayo- -
[2903]‘ria de los patses subdesarrollades dei Sudeste de Asia, donde
[2904]el coeficiente usualmente es menor del WC: Esta compara-
[2905]cién, sin ombargo, lo que hace es sefalar lo extremadamente
[2906]bajo del promediy de formacién de eapitales en el Sudeste
[2907]de Asia, en lugar de indicar que en América Latina eg
[2908]adecuado. En 1955, p. e¢., el coeticiente para ambos, los Es-
[2909]tados ‘Unidos y Latinoamérica, fue aproximadaménte 17¢5,
[2910]Esto significé un promedio de inversiones per ciipita de
[2911]870 délares en los Estados Unidos en comparacién con 55
[2912], délares en Latinoamérica, es decir, en proporcién: inversa a
[2913]das necesidades relativas de desarrollo de Ins dos regiones,
[2914]Debe notarse también que el cveticiente neto de inversiones
[2916]‘en Latinoamérica ha sido de alrededor del 12%. Corio su--
[2918]giere Simon Kuznets (Economie Growth: Brasil, India,
[2919]Japan, Durham, N.C, E. U. A. 1938, psig. 23)., en los paises
[2920]*-desarrollados la obsolescencia cjerce una gran funcién en el
[2921]. consumo. de capitales, mientras él emp#oramiento fisico es
[2922]el factor principal en los paises subdesarrollados. De aqui...
[2923]“que la comparacién propia deade el punto de vista del des-
[2925]_ vrollo eendmico,. puede establecerse entre la formacién *
[2927]bruta do capitales en un pafs industrial desarrollado. y Ia
[2929].
[2931]a 1957 el coefi- -
[2933]forniacién neta en un pais subdesarrollado”. Si considerames
[2934]rn da dudesa contribucién al desarrollo de Latinoamé-
[2935]rica cic las inversiones en actividades puramente extractivas
[2936]y construccidn de residencias de lujo, aparece claramente
[2937]que el problema de formacién de capitales en esta region es
[2939]indudableniente formidable. .
[2940]70.—Para una’ narracién cientifica y al mismo tiempo
[2942]“wivida, de los aspectos materiales y humanos de estos pro-
[2944]hlemas, consultar cl tratado de Oscar Lewis, Five Families,
[2945]Menican Case Studies in the Cullure of Poverty, New York, -
[2946]wy, — . mo,
[2947]T1—Indices_ (1950.100) de. 1948-57; Argentina: —61-a
[2948]S26; Brasil— 90 a 329; Colombia —78 a 162; Chile— 73 a
[2949]1103: Bolivia—66 a 6,937, Del Cuadro 35, “Cost of Living
[2950]in Selected Countries", Economic Bulletin for Latin Ame. _
[2951]rica, vol. 3, N*.2, Octubre de 1958, pag. 81. En la mayoria:
[2953]“> de les pafses, los indices han continuado én auménto. En
[2955]Brasil. en Diciembre de 1960 el nivel fue mas del doble
[2956]del de 1957 (Monde, Febrero 2 de 1961). - .
[2957]T2.—Economic Survey of Latin America 1957. Cuadro
[2958]US, psig, 115, .
[2959]-TX—Keport on the World Social Situacién (1957). pic.
[2960]282. De acuerdo con Cleantho da Paiva Leite, en el Estado
[2961]de Piaul, tipico exponente de Ia depresién crénica del Nores-
[2962]te-cel Brasil-les ingresos anuales per cipita se han prome-
[2963]diado en alrededor de 45 ddlares, o menos del 13% del
[2964]promedio del. estado de Sao Paulo, el mas importante pro-
[2965]ductor de café de Brasil y su centro industrial. Alrededor
[2966]de una tercera parte de la -poblacién brasiletia vive en el
[2967]Noreste (“Brasilian Development: One Problem and Two
[2968]Banks”, Inter-American Economic Affairs, vol. 14, N° 1,
[2970]T4.—-Economic Survey Latin America 1957, pigs. 199,
[2971]206, : ” .
[2972]43.-—The Industrial Development of Peru, pigs. 10, 11.
[2973]7&—Carl S. Shoup, Director ‘(citado por Otto Feinstein,
[2974]The Fiscal System of Venezuela, Baltimore, 1959, puigs. 29-
[2976]77.—Leo Huberman y Paul M: Sweezy, Cuba Anatomy of °
[2977]a Revolution, New York, 1960, pigs. 6-7. Los autores obser-
[2978]van que este promedio era el mismo que “en el peor aio de
[2980]a peor depresidn en la historin ‘de los Estados Unidos”, y
[2982]refieja el hecho de que la economia cubana” se encontraba
[2984]~ enun estado de crisis permanente”,
[2986]’ ‘78—La Distribucién del Ingreso y El Desarrollo Econs-
[2987]mico en México, México, D. F., 1960, pags. 65, 85. 2
[2989]no} . wt
[2992]14-0000
[2994]- $6 7 7 MAURICE HALPERIN
[2996]‘79.—Rabotchii Kissy V Csveboditelnom Dvizhenii Naro.
[2997]dov Latinskoy Ameriki. (Ia clase obrera en el Mvimiento
[2998]de Liberacién Nacioral de America Latina). Disertacién
[2999]académica mocanesratiada, Academia de Ciencias de tx.
[3000]URSS, 1960, vol. I. pig. 232. La fecha de publicacién no
[3001]ha sido snunciada. ;
[3002]80.—Ecanomie Sarvey of Latin Aerica 1937, pag. 292.
[3003]81,—Op. cit., pay. SC. .
[3004]82.—-En el orden citado: James -(Op. cit., pag. 880);
[3005]- Feinstein. (op. cit.. naz. 52) Navarrete (op. cit. pag. 1).
[3006]_83.—The Acumultiva of Capital, Londres, 1956, pig. 8.
[3007]84.—Otto Feinstein (op. cit.,.pag. 76) mantiene que Ams.
[3009]. vica Lating “eg la regiin subdesarrollada que ofrece mejores
[3011]posibilidades al capitalismo”. Aparte de Perspectivas mun-
[3012]dinlea a largo plato, tas posibilidades no son brillantes en
[3014]ninguna parte del mundo y soi particularmente reducidas
[3015]en América Latina. En las regiones que emergen dé una
[3017]' ‘dominacién colonial directa, lis podeéres coloniales fréecuente-
[3019]mnehte.se ajustan al cambio manteniendo sus posiciones eco-
[3020]némicaa principales bajo la forma de arreglos neocoloniales; -
[3021]este factor desalienta los experimentos no capitalistas,
[3022]Ademfs, dada la base econdémica extremadamente baja, pue-
[3023]de operarse alin desarrollo.inicial, aunque lento, a través
[3024]de una combinacién de capitalismo privado y capitalismo de
[3025]Estado. En el conjunto de Latinoamérica el colonialismo |
[3027]talismo nativo, incluyendo cl de Estado, se ha operado bajo
[3029]condiciones neocoloniales. Sectores capitalistas decisivos en
[3031]“manos de inversionistas nacionales, como:la banca y la gran
[3032]industria, el comercia y el transporte, dependen en un grado
[3034]-8ignificativo de las importaciones y del financiamienta ex-
[3036].tranjero. También depénden del” aparato neocolonial de -
[3038]- gobierno para defender sus intereses de clase frente a los
[3039]-: asalariados. Sus Prerrogativas econdémicas, Politicas y socia-
[3041]. Jes, aunque limitadas. por el neo-colonialismo, se basan en :
[3043]- el mismo. La crisis del neocclonialismo en Latinoamérica es
[3045]también le crisis del capitalismo nacioual y consecuente-
[3046]mente Ja ¢eliminacién del primero, especialmente si resiste
[3047]tozudamente, como el caso de la experiencia cubana predice,
[3048]produciria la eliminacién del segundo, por lo menos en los.
[3050]« sectores basicos de IA ‘produccién,. Tales perspectivas son, |
[3051]” desde luego, alentadas por el hecho de que en-la sexta década.
[3052]' del siglo XX demasiadas personas‘en América Latina cono- a
[3054]» en que existe’ una alternativa mucho mas expeditiva y ;
[3056]rapida que el desarrotlo capitalista. ; :
[3058]Pag.
[3062]Presentacién ...... .... Lash vceuepeawanece Pesce lee 3
[3064]1.--El “florecimiento éptime” de la economia latino-
[3066]americana .,..-::...... sree tte eeeeees we OT
[3067]*2.—-Los estimulus externos en la expansion econédmica
[3069]de Latinoamérica wettest lees steeeesetan. 10
[3071]3.—Otras consideraciones acerca del_tema principal... 14
[3073]4.—Perspectivus de aumento aparente del PBN . aes 16
[3075]_, 5—Comparacién det Producto Bruto Nacional:...... 18
[3077]6.—Las realidades del desarrollo econdmico en Latino-
[3079]vamérica... 6... cee eee weber e eect eee eceeerenes 22
[3081]: 7.—Los ingresos personales: durante” et periodo de .
[3083]“florectmiento éptimo” ............ ors |
[3085]8.—Conclusiones: El camino hacia et desarrollo .. 7 :
[3088][e~
[3090]7 SECRET .
[3091]“Gen Fitter ey - la
[3093]DOCUMENT TRANSFER ANO CROSS REFERENCE
[3096]“Sig vear wf COCUMLNT
[3098]we eee, futiad WE IGENTIF GC ATION ~
[3102]Serrerrrea yy SOunce DOS, srmars an. ere
[3104]Pr “secete” cave rceye . pate “ore trae te eavuetion ~
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[3109]fos “Veavanaeeo re
[3110]“ah rake wo. .
[3112]a a Te Pea brisie a
[3113]HALPERIN, MAURICE — 716336
[3115]Sux M M0579 HMMA. 79243 rand
[3116]! V8 auc 61 TOD
[3123]4 KURULOBSKIY F PR. 0 13, APT, 127, MO3cOe re EEE ES PRESEESEEESE:
[3124]G-24 .
[3126]Re ~CORBESPONDE NCE OF ALBERT MALTZ (20 “0992 39 oP eaaaayeraaaaeayaaaa
[3128]AUG 196 ', oo ; YT Pe ROR SEERSCE EE
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[3154]- . SECRET 7”
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[3158]SUTIECT OF OOCUWEAT
[3162]DOCUMENT DISPOSITION
[3164]+ TRANSFERALO TO
[3165]a) FILE NO.
[3167]HAL PES SIF OER
[3169]F "201-289 2h - a
[3170]J SEX'M DOB 2, So HMMA~ 1632 "~~" PAFR
[3171]7 a a a 25 JAN 61 se
[3173]2013-12856! .
[3174]PRESENTLY RESIDING IN MOSCOW ~
[3175]RE ACTIVITIES OF SON DAVID
[3177]Oo BF 867 vse reseiecs vinteauye . SECRET . ‘ (+482
[3180]14-0000
[3182]_CONR, = WE 6
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[3186]tg te if __ BEPROOUCTION BY CiniA THAN TNE SUING Sint
[3188]Bracyyt omar ok . - Tye deere. .
[3190]“Oho. seer: 8. CLASSIFIED MESSAGE WE
[3191]TESLIE 8. BAR | | La
[3192]UNIT) HZ.) Egy ara | 8-8-0 -R-§-P ree p
[3194]er: 2649 a AWS
[3196]“DATE+ 19 GARIARY 196) a
[3198]— a
[3199]FROM, DIRECTOR ee oo |x[rourne|.
[3201]re Paionity
[3203]yo a ~ xt : : : . . 7 NAG
[3204]NFO. oo), Ct/ors, Ci/Ic 2, FI, FUfiNT 2, CE 4, Fey | | oneeanona So
[3205]AM aS, 'sfc2e OS Oe Te Us So
[3207]INFO "CITE o1R
[3209]a, rh
[3210]NAL
[3214]21607 ©
[3216]1. CAN Xo? Couyren meror?. KKM INTERAFIONL CP commas FoR coor
[3218]2, BAURIKE HALARON, FORMER 083 OFFICER LATIN AMER AFFAIRS
[3220]SPECIALIS?, AND
[3222]BOTH FREVIOISLY IOGLICATED SOV ESPIGiAGR |
[3223]. DI FAD, BOTS BOY DI BLOC, FOWWHDN TRVO HALPERIN AND STERH AED RERORT Lom
[3225]02/58 yg SOs FASS
[3226]" COORDINATING OFficuag
[3228]MChGASING- Crrtees.-.. - BS Bn Brck?
[3230]CE AS FROtISITED, Tate Le Capp ht? _
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[3244]len. :
[3245]lee SECRET
[3246]e OWEN LUE IND . Bagi
[3248]ROUTING AND REGEYD SHEET
[3250]ar ut - y TiN
[3251]oN STRUCT NS
[3252]PRIOR TO FILING
[3253]On ir a ner a
[3255]- Rey ©
[3257]TO: ACTION BRANCH
[3259]flap-and fcrward to RID.
[3260]2. Destroy front cover Sheet, unless it
[3261]records significant actio
[3263]comments requiring Preservation,
[3264]PROPER FILE NO.
[3266]FROM: -
[3267] RID/ ; |
[3268]4 TO: ALL ADDRESSEES
[3270]1. Fill in Sect. 2, on back. Detach back : : ‘
[3271]: If filo no. and title shown are not
[3273]Proper, insert prepor file no. below
[3274]n taken or and forward document to RIOVAN,
[3276]PILL IN SECTION 1 ON BACK. IF APPROPRIATE
[3278]COMMENTS
[3280]Oats | oreicen’s
[3283]¢ san Pye
[3285]fay rf hectic
[3287]mir
[3289]| Avermscr | Fill muMBER IP v,coon f=
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[3293]7 ; ry ; 1 r ipena.tee: OCUMENT NUMDER
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[3297]6100 “Sonora SECRET
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[3303]Better SPECIFY
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[3331]en Ciler of Station, Gersany r
[3332]BOB File 1273
[3333]i
[3335]18 January 1961
[3337]Chief of Base, Seriin :
[3339]Rereral ra 5 ; LOIS aa S (GHICE OR
[3341]© (Fru) HALPERIN SNE : MALPED FOR INDEXING
[3342]sru . : . __MARRED FOR Is
[3344]INDE’ICG CAN BE JUDGED
[3345]BY QUALIFIED MQ DESK ONLY
[3347]FROM
[3349]aCTON BQUIFLD .
[3350]None. For your information
[3351]BREE RENC ELS) .
[3353]l. In studying routine air travel reports, we have noted that, on
[3354]16 January 1951, x Me. ant Mrs. HALPERIN arrived in Berlin from Dusseldorf
[3355]and proceeded on the sate day to Warsaw via Lufthansa Ost. (The booking had
[3356]’ been changed from-25 Jazary), De, Se
[3358]2. It ogours to us that this may be the Latin Amerioan. speotaliat
[3359]HALPERIN. who was the suileot’ of resent publicity in connection with workin’ | _
[3360]- the Soviet Union, and ‘that this ‘item may be of Anterést ‘to Headquarters. and/or .
[3361]"| ODENVY. _— fo as - ae : , ,
[3363]a
[3365]| Dwell C. Ciedieu
[3367]DOROTHY C. OLODEEN
[3369]. a wan :
[3370]APPROVED (AER : 2
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[3373]l
[3374]i
[3375]i
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[3381]i i+ EE
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[3396]i,
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[3401]5
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[3404]. /
[3408]BELLE ORS TNIORMATION. REPORT
[3410]; CENTRAL INTEMIGENCE AGENCY
[3411]‘. Ths motetal ustotre Infarmation abinet xy Se Natenm Diane of the UsiN! Sree wits the menncg eb the Qoelesege bea te
[3413]. FID ord 796, the tramimtes on of cevelation of ALN 1A Ay mare to on umthertied parse fh pe Sted by low,
[3417]t Ar Ass : eee ~
[3418], Saree Redz NODES ING
[3420]2, COUNTRY 1: dacn ; > REPORT NO. TOCS , renee
[3422]| SUBJECT iy ind uF DATE DISTR: Bit des
[3424]i PRECEDENCE____. "Ree
[3425]1 DATE OF REFERENCES © IN Z9>12
[3426]HOANEO, 2 0 we -- wee 2
[3427]. PLACER ginny 13 > STUCALOLN Qoe CASEY.
[3429]DATE ACQ. , .
[3430]: : FIELD REPORT NO. a:
[3432]ne a RIEL REPORT NC
[3433]THIS TS aie FED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRACINGS / ARE DEFINITIVE, APPRAISAL SALOF CONTENT IS” TEN
[3435]UFFIVIaAb LuEDISH On, WIS Faas
[3436]Lv ) Is A VCLION OFFICIAL LIT: Bo:
[3438]Kot iat GttuAS TevrIo. Why FOUNDED CLG So
[3440]LLAvENS, Gun OF NICH IS To RE ar
[3442]RE THE BUL.CH COLONIAL SY¥sT THE CTRER IS TooBS AN POFPICN FOR FLMANENT 5.
[3444]ai
[3445]ALD COOPERATION WITH Lavlu ANEXXICAN PARTIES" ALD IS To
[3446]fA, EQAZIL-ANQ USA. IT STL AU LOGAISD In PRIPING. ~
[3448]SMGARTRED bY THE cos+
[3450]VISE RATES OF L208
[3452]SUT ROR ES
[3454]FILLy ig, sede Ton OLE
[3456]1 ESTE
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[3461]24 Pp AP SL
[3464]14-0000
[3466]oy SECRET -
[3468]; (Pen Faltes to)
[3470]DOCUMENT TRANSFER AND CROSS REFERENCE 8s,
[3472]SUBJECT OF COCUMEAT
[3474]DOCUMENT FOENT IFICATION
[3476]a
[3477]Fl Fite No,
[3479]3. OUSPATCH OM SOURCE DOC, SvmadL nO:
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[3499]“SEX 'M DOB ? . HMMA-16289 PAFR
[3501]oe 13 JAN 61
[3504]201-12856
[3506]Q& iN CARE ‘or M. MCTIDELSON USSR WRITER'S: UNION
[3507]52 VORCVSKY ST.,. MOSCOW USSR
[3509]CORRESPONDENCE CONCERNING ALBERT MALT2 - ANO/CR :
[3511]‘MBRS OF HIS FAMILY ; --
[3513]NEW YEAR GRECTINGS . :
[3515]‘ Lf
[3517]- 7 oo ae . : ‘ £3 ¢ Ms a é? —
[3518]FILE THIS FORM IN FILE No. C> . S61
[3520]867 GSU PReviews Cveveows. , ' : SECRET a
[3522]Fou
[3527]44-0000
[3529]POTS, R rere organs ER AAR ASSET C47 EC an UP MERRELRTOEETNecareiworoe-e
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[3533]CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
[3535]aah % 1
[3537]11 JANUARY 1961
[3541]faom .  STOCKKOLY ax din I! .
[3542]‘on <) my v |W I ;
[3543]; poo... LZ - « ,
[3544]- qd. - 0C1, O/C!, ib,” col apcP/A, CA 2, Cafe, tw | s .
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[3551]mr TIEAAR 8 MEMO PASSED TO STATION IS JAR PTS5 USUAL |
[3552]RELPABLE “SOURCE (IDENTIFIED ORALLY BY T 5 AS Fins aay
[3553]WITH HIGH LEVEL CONTACTS) REPORTS Two NEW ORG WATION, FOUN |
[3554]DURING COMMIE MEETING MOSCOW DEC 68. ONE 13 CREE DEALING
[3556]WITH: COUNTRIES FORMERLY INCLUDED FREUIM CULCHIAL SYSTEM, OTNER
[3557]HOES OND (ooPERAZIM WITH nw Amen ian (anes |
[3559]a IS "OFFICE FOR PERMANENT, (PORTION MISSING BET Ce eN at
[3560]TO BE ORGANIZEO BY commie PARTIES ARGENTINA, Bickli. ANG CUBAS :
[3561]: . LOCATED PEIPING, HEAD OFFIGE. To ‘ee (OR. M HAL ree ALMINISTRAT IO
[3562]if DIRECTOR MRS. HARTA STERN. HALPERIN, FORMERLY chery PROF Boston, . G
[3563]: | , FORMERLY OSS: EMPLOYEE, re) PRESUMED nave LEFT PurAr we OR, STEM: :
[3564]ALSO, Parkin CITIZEN, | -
[3565]2. 118 stated one MRS. STERN, PopRIMC creyewas pe NG 2
[3566]ed
[3568]3. T. 8 anxious HAVE REPORT CONFIRMED AS SEA ti:
[3570]|
[3571]4 Oo
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[3577]‘SOURCE 3 WOULD LIME HOS CORMONTS HALPERIN ANG - Ly”
[3579]AND WHE THER LATTER. WAS 1 GWEODN: DDLIEVES IMPUEAST De TC RMINE
[3581]t
[3582]{ UF OFFLCE ACTUALLY LOCATEU PEIPING ANS NGT Muse, FON TO “us
[3583]\ THIS WOULD MEAN MAJOR ALLOCATION RESPONSIBILIT:. ee
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[3602]DIN 292922 Pe
[3603]STOCTVP§Z
[3605]4, PLS ADVISE INCLUDING BACKGROUND CHICCE: LAT Ai AMERICAN
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[3609]ENO OF MESSAGE De
[3611]| i
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[3652]RI Me thos espe as tc,
[3654]C) CHEWY
[3656]. Marked ae Nase mauures |
[3657]a Cl, Cifops, ci/si, s/c 2 Signature: anes a :
[3659]-
[3661]Sev
[3663]2. Davy ‘vaupcean, JIN LIFEAT SEBORER TRAFFIC 22 DEC 68.
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[3668]ON 23 Dre LIFEAT “Twromen HE AT Nuz VO HOTEL auzonr it ;
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[3672]SEE ANNA _SEBORER | 23. 23. DEC'A AT _LATTER "S }
[3674]a 2. LIFEAT TAKE ABOVE DATES Tien Week. openvy 23 ea
[3677]MAR 2 61970.
[3679]a ; ‘ : DOC. ‘MICRO. SER.
[3680]_ PER REF omg LOCAL ODEN Envy IF PHYSICAL. SUR=
[3682]NO. STATION 5 ey ODENVY Has s Sune
[3683]END CF MESSAGE
[3685]C/S Covent: “STATED CoERVY! EXDEAVERING bE vetor mea bs
[3686]CF DAVID HALPERIN
[3688]oF mace Hyman Ha fees (3 (ver - 22a)
[3691]14-0000
[3693]875 ons. CLassiFiED MESSAGE a Te
[3694]onc: BIRCH D. O'NEAL e od > ° = ROUTING
[3695]units CLfoad : SECRET
[3697]EXT + 2356
[3699]DATE, 3% DECENEER 1960
[3701]eee ODeCED GF 292
[3703]TO + MEXICO RE Futtns (check one}:
[3705]. No CS Recena Value, Desires. O7,
[3706]FROM: DIRECTOR _— RY dle thia copy as ated a
[3707]_ Branch cepy Atea as ai
[3708]RE Tadering cae 6:
[3709]conr, - -C1/S1, sated 5
[3711]mNFor Cl c1/ops, WH 4, $/c a Serena hi pa
[3713]. to "INFO:
[3715]‘1. coca Aes HALPERIN SOW OF MAURICE : D ARRIVE
[3716], he SuetrcManct
[3717]MEXICO CITY 29 DECEMBER BY CAR, IS BNROUTS EUROPE WHERE WILL MEET FATHER.
[3718]COSI EXEAVORING TEVELOP HORE GN TATTGRARY AND RAS KOT AS TET HADE SPECIFIC
[3720]2 DESINS YOU COCRERATS WITH TccAL ODEWY Rap OSDADN AU coPAGE
[3721]POSSIBLE CONSISTENT WITH ODENVY’ INTEREST,
[3723]END OF
[3727]a Re
[3728]Ro te dk. adhe 0 ~ CHUSF, WH/3/MEXT Noa Us Vy
[3729]CHIEF, wi’ - “+ COORDINATING. ht ill am
[3730]HHLEAtiNG onficeE fo ISECRET. + AUTMENTICATINO OFftcER
[3731]: REPRODUCTION ‘BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING, OFFICE IS PROHIBITED, Copy No.
[3733]rary 1389 a_ 7 . : we ee een @ ob saa
[3735]Ee itetcioe. _
[3739]14-0000
[3743]HALPERN
[3744]oo it gout
[3745]Maurice SALPSRH (201 ,
[3746]American bern expatriate, went to Mescow ca 1958-55, Writes prepssanda ‘
[3747]articles for the Sovs. is econosist. ‘ather lives New York City.
[3748]Is his sister Leontina Rizhik? AY }777)
[3749]rr _ 501- Fb 1675" Oe
[3750]seed bos on i+ HALPERIN, Famrlea itymaa The following 19 ssuiits "7" sew ee
[3751]Traveled to'tha USK in mo * ye
[3752]Cetodar 1953 On 15 Suly 1960 Maurice Eynan RAL YFRIN and hia ifs, 2
[3753]a. a Fdith Frisoh HALPERIN applied at the United States |<
[3754]Fabassy in Yosoow, USSR for a renewal of thalr pasos oo
[3755]‘ ; . porte, -HALPEXIN is reported to have stated that. ko oo
[3756]coo ; hed been in the U3R ninco Docexher 194 ag a visitlag an
[3757]po a professor of the Social solences Givision af the USS8
[3758]H Pre ares AVS cee Aoadexy of Salencas on a contrast thich axpires ia
[3759]i epared my CVS 1961, In 1943 Elisabeth SENTLEY, na adattted forme |
[3760]} ‘ Su le Nes Soviet essionsge agent, stated that aha hed becots -
[3761]jo fee Bre Ne. 60 acquainted with HAIUERIN in the latter part ef 1952
[3762]j co : | tifough sreenzemoata sada ty 1aeod Seis a toe
[3763]1. Soviet esplanage agent, Shs further stated that
[3764]q during tha time KALTESIN was explored ty the ufiies
[3765]é of Strategie Services in baghington, 5, C4, ho |:
[3766]5 Supplied GoL0s with informtion to whish ho had
[3767]i: Sceose in hia office, In late 1959 AALFERIE lett ;
[3768]: tho United States for Hexic after refusing on a
[3769]: constitutional grounds to tall the 0, 5. Senate |
[3770]5 Internal Sub-Committee whether ho vasa ever a Poo
[3771]: Wexbor of the Commnist Farty, In 1953, following’ _
[3772]; the efforts sade by the Government of ‘iaxics to”
[3773]: deport a mmber of Ameriodn Cormunists, KALPASIS
[3774]Poa . and his wife went to the USSR where they mow reaidp, —
[3775]4
[3776]a
[3777]i ;
[3780]“{4-00000
[3782]_ 7 SECRET:
[3784]Then Filled tny
[3786]SUBJECT CF OOCUMENT
[3788]RU FILE NO,
[3791]2. Disrarce oe Sovace ooc,
[3793]SYMBOL ae.
[3795]I S$Oumce Cave tonya a. DatC CF Ineo.
[3797]On ale enon a aa | eee
[3798]@. Garg PROCESSLO to. Ossiminatig ty
[3800]SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS55
[3801]; . 7 SEE555 GEGSECESSEGESS
[3802]ee - REPRE ESESE SERRE ES
[3804]a V0. TAANSSCHRED TO :
[3805]Rd FiLe me, :
[3807]Bb a So outa
[3809]a a ; ; : . . :
[3810]-HALPERIN, MAURICE /PROF./ — - .. .. 90789 :
[3811](po >—-_——* 201 -005239 oo : -
[3812]ip SEX M DOB» , HMMA~- 15870 bb boveveaesoaoooone i
[3814]ae 28 OCT"6 wneuwa ern eee ede. ;
[3820]a CORRESPONDENCE: FROM MARGARET MALTZ RE NEWS PURETINI2I222222222 :
[3822]{ NOVY MIR TO PUBLISH SEVEN. SHARES IN A GOLD . 39399339933233333239333 - j
[3824]iu MINE 20 SEP 60, :
[3825]a] . , : : Oh LEG aadshaagagy :
[3826]. . :
[3828]1
[3832]i
[3834]i
[3836]867 cre seivcene forreene. SECRET ; Wes
[3838]Fone
[3839]ee cr.
[3841]fe yee
[3845]14-0000
[3849]NCS" ]--The Cubs cotsticr as &
[3851]Cues, by tho Untise Strtes, the moneure token by
[3852]: a ; Pofingo Bosmd preventing tho Cuten dolegnte on the “ho or ae
[3853]‘ _ fies, (Ghuded Trliila, Radio Caribs, Oct. 13, 150, Lia 2
[3855]CUSAN-SCVIET COMETS --Ta Noecow the CubnaeSoviet Committe: wis
[3856]. : formed, wien is 7 sponsored by the Sevict Associcti: on for Frionds:
[3857]a - ond Cooperstion With the Latin Ameriesn countries. ‘Cuben Aubase
[3858]wee te .-- Faure_Chaugon and Several | other: -Cuoang: attcnded-the instebicedon.
[3859]oe ie . ceremony chung Trusihi o, Radio Caribe, Oct. 23, 1963, PRG
[3861]a . (WilcLASST¥I=D )
[3863]: ; . BOOTA POLITICAL AL COUSERENCES--Capt. Antonto Nunss Jimenez, dircctor
[3865]1 . the Cuben Bttdonsi institute for Agrarian. Reform, his tech dnvttod to
[3866]{ ettend th: moctiing of tintin Amorieen political leaders which will
[3867]begin On Oot. 22 is peeote, Colombia. So far 23 porser
[3868]Litin Amertens eountries have sada thoy will atte nd the m:cting.
[3869](Hovens, PRENSA LATINA , Oct. 7, 190, 1705 G8 5) . :
[3871]i jyeme my anos . .
[3872]‘ STUDENTS TO GIR--Tarss Caben students on scho lorships wt
[3873]; ceonowdle sefences and acdicine et the Leip2zig and kari i
[3875]dn the GOR, Tho studenss, Angel Me ALfon sO, Consuele “Moss
[3876]. P. Oldva, vill losve for the GDR Sct, LI: to begin tho
[3877]cure. ich will lest a yoor. (Sevenn, PRENSA TATENA,
[3879]1s CMT -E)
[3884]14-0000
[3886]ry
[3890]: 4 7 . ? : :
[3891]oo. mal oe | a
[3892]> —— rer oe . - _
[3893]SECRET .
[3894]Caden Fabled toy
[3896]DOCUMENT TRANSFER AND CROSS REFERENCE
[3898]Jt DOCUMENT IDENT LE ICAT LON
[3900].
[3902]ga.
[3903]"RE FILE NO.
[3905]SO DIsPaTCM OF SOURCE Doc, s1MadK nO.
[3907]@. Gate OF InFO.
[3909]7. s0unce. carp Torre 9. fvaLUATICN
[3911]Te. OAare PRocessea 10. DISSCHINATED IN
[3913]HALPERIN, MAURICE © ee
[3914]TO 291-005239 -o ste
[3915]SEX MOSS Poe Bea 16775 PAFR:
[3917]cit ? OTH - Lo |
[3919]2012128581
[3921]“FILE THIS FORM IN FILE NO.
[3923]conn BET woe roivscus aoerions.
[3925]FO ar od
[3928]14-0000
[3930]ea
[3932]6 Saptender 1960
[3934]|” MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD
[3936]rae 3 oa _ SUBJET::--Maurice ‘Hyman: HALPERIN. ao Sym fw tees oo a -: os “es _—_ Sacer
[3937]7 SO , (2-228561) nn
[3939]- "1. On’ '§ September 2960 on article appeared’ in The Washington
[3940]Fost. and Times Herald in which Haurice Ryman HALPERIN wag quoted as
[3941]saying that the statement issuad by the United States Departinent oF
[3942]“) State’ conceming his employment by the Soviet Government was a "deo
[3944]“ Liberate and malicious ‘distortion", HALSERIN. was also quoted as
[3945]Saying that he was associated with the Academy of Sciencas of the
[3946]USSR, working on a book on Latin American economics from 1945 to the
[3947]“crisis” in 1958,. HALPERIN added that he is "not working for tha
[3948]Soviat Government any more than Van Glibum when “he performed in a
[3950]" government owned concert hall", , |
[3952]: , _ 2. According to Mr, Lloyd Frank JORDAN, Office of Selentifie
[3953]Ss . Intelligenge (OSI), 2618 Barton Hall, extension 4201, the Academy
[3954]: of Sciences of the USSR is directly subordinate to the USSR Council
[3955]of Ministers and it receives broad directive for work to be under
[3956]_ 7 faken by. the Academy from .the Central Comittee of the Communist
[3957]_ Party of the USSR. | Mr, JORDAN stated that anyone associated with
[3958]": the Academy of Sciences of. the USSR’ would be in the. employ of the
[3959]“. Soviet Goverment. Mr, “JORDAN said that there are two studies:
[3961]. Showing the relationship of the Academy of Sciences of tha USSR to
[3962]the Soviet Government; one is OCI.5613/59 which is classified; and.
[3963]the other a Study issued by the U.S, Senate Committee on. Government . ae
[3964]Cperations on "National Policy Machinery in the USSR" which is une. : —— FO
[3966]Classified, ~ _ ae By - ve poe ae
[3968],
[3970]Bho
[3971]; “BIRCH D, O'NEAL
[3972]; Chief, C1/SIG¢ :
[3974]ee: Chief, CI start _ oe
[3975]Distribution: - . )
[3976]Orig, £1-cr/sta *f Tipo
[3977]1 - RID (201~129561) SEGRET
[3979] CY/SIG:Atgerter:rel. = , oo,
[3981]' Reaanee a pag
[3984]4.00000
[3986]a
[3988]- United States Office of Bt
[3990]STPR- SS Sgt. Lo
[3991]: tually at the agresd hour. Hey
[3993]elaborate:
[3995]‘+ "It seems to me that the dechined
[3997]—_ Reds Advice on Latins Istate Departinent and Benator | statement
[3999]MOBCOW, Sept. § (AP).—,tesic Services. sn inteths ; ;
[4000]Maurice H.. Halperin, former 'organtzatica. : nae Stale, red meine un
[4001][United Btates Government ofl*). Atter the war, Mr: Halper! ior dubious about my bring in!
[4003]Partment of Issuing a “deliber-ithis yob in 1883 because he Te! nes © return
[4005]” . rome tax peturns, Hating my}
[4006]ate 207 malicious distortion” itused to tell congressional in Salary and emplover fant noel
[4007]about his atatus here, | vestlnators Whether he ever had working for the Suvict nin
[4009]tee bewritien atatement.ibeen a member of the Amerisiment any more than Van Cli-
[4010]Mr enaipanin nad mysterious |°2" Communist Party, burn (an) American plantaty
[4011]dubio, bout my belnz jn The bald, mustached s4-lwhen he performs In @ governs
[4012]or dublous al tT ama! ting Year-old Mr. Haiperin was lo-tment-owned concert hall,
[4013]Moscow . .°. T am carte ne cated Sundar in a Moscow} “Lam a visiting professor at
[4014]professor at the USSR Aca fees apartment house by a acws- the USSR Acadenly of Sciences
[4015]of Sciences and not the firs jman and was asked ta com-‘and .not the first ‘American to
[4016]American to be sesoctated with; nant on the Sate Depart.;be associated with it,@a some
[4018]we. ’ _ tment's document, of our leading acientinta can
[4019]Last week Senator Keating. . testify. My appointment and
[4020]Republican of New York, read _ +s Declines to Etaborate imy Soviet visa expires: in July,
[4022]into the Congressional Record . 1961, as the United States Em-
[4023]la State Department document|,, (Moscow reat ted there wer bassy h roy" eIrh i
[4024]technical diteutes* in mov-{bassy here very well knows,
[4025]which said Mr. Halperin Js now ; “My teach! rea0t
[4026]in Moscow and Is “working for(i" -the story until Moray. ! y (aching and resource
[4027]oscow and Is, 8 fOr The newsman apparently was /4¢!
[4029]the Soviet government.” cut off while teying ta teles/Problems related’ ta the eco
[4030]Headed OSS Unit phone the steryo jhomic growth of underdeveloped
[4031]fareas. For the State Department
[4033]"The. -document.. sald ‘there! . Mr. Halperin fest declined to; tady
[4034]Were indicatiofis Mr. Halperin! admit the newsman inte ‘Bis Rutan ea Latins Ameen
[4035]is giving the Soviet govern- [BPartiment, but agreed to meet iswairs’ Is a deliberate and ma-
[4036]Ment advice on Latin-American/nim later in the. lobby of 5 icious distortion, :
[4037]aifalrs. During. World War 1,/nearby hotel where he prom=! “wgucaraie T am mating 3
[4038]Mr. Helperin was head of the;lsed. to give a writen state- sug; of the ' Latin-American
[4039]Latin American division of the; ment. ” ; ieconomy fram 1945 to the crisis!
[4040]Mr. Halperin apreared pune-'of 1958. When my book § pubs!
[4042]Keating ‘are’ scraping the ‘bote| status “Ty
[4043]ence tom of the barrél to come up!at the
[4045]tivitles involve theoretical):
[4047]' ———— i.
[4048]. . . o o 8 lished it will be available to the;
[4049]. G Org nf en 1eS [vi n fearrled the following state-! sarument and anrbodri
[4050]3 {ment. on which he declined tojelse witling to purchase a eopy.”
[4051]. {| The United States Exnbassy
[4052]s2 comment on Ure?’
[4053]“or-cn Mr. Halperin’s{”_
[4054]“did ‘say he appeared!
[4055]t embassy in uly and)
[4056]lakked to-have his - American}
[4057]Passport renewed. The Trypuest}
[4058]WAS granted, ane
[4060]cial who now Hives in Moscow, got a job with Basten Uni-
[4061]a : a i :Moscow. Since my arrival tsatd.
[4062]Yesterday accused the State De-'versity as a professor. Ke lost-have ‘fled two United Atates! Lo.
[4064]Mbassy offvial,
[4067]14-0000
[4069]Reds Not Not: |.
[4070]Employ Him |
[4072]- MOSCOW, Sept. 4 (GPD}
[4073]Maurice H. Halperin today
[4074]branded a reported State De-
[4075]partment statement that he ts
[4076]working as an adviser to the
[4077]Soviet’ government on Latin
[4078]-jAmerioan affairs as a “délib:
[4079]qerate “and malicious distor.
[4080]Uion.”. ~ :
[4082]In a statement to reporters,
[4086]\. «+, Halperin‘said he ty-a professor|.
[4088]associated with the’ Academy
[4089]af Sclences of the USSR, work-!
[4090]_fing.on a‘book on Latin Amer
[4091]ican~economics, and, he ex-
[4092]+|plained, the American authori-{-
[4093]ties know all about it. -
[4094]‘|. (A State Department decu-
[4095]Ment in Washington last week
[4096]‘sald Halperin, a former Bos-
[4097]ton University professor and
[4098]World War I intetligence pe.
[4099]?etalist on Latin American. af.
[4100]fairs, was working’for the So-
[4101]viet government, | :
[4102]| ..Sen. Kenneth. B. Keating
[4103]](RAN,.Y), had the document
[4104]entered in the Congressional
[4105]yRecord.) _. a Q
[4106]|. “it seems to me that the;
[4107],{ State Department and Senator!
[4108]D Keating are sweeping the bat-
[4109]jtom of the barrel to come up
[4110]{with this red herring,” Hal-
[4111]-{perin sald. , :
[4112]‘| "There ts nothing mysterl-
[4113]i] ous or dubious about my being
[4114]‘fin Moscow, Since my arrival,
[4115]{T have filed two U. S. income]:
[4116]tax. returns, listing my salary
[4117]Land employer. - :
[4118]“I am not working for the
[4119]Soviet governinent any more] ”.
[4120]than. Van Cliburn when hej:
[4121][performed “in a government-
[4122]owned concert hall,” he con-
[4123]tinued). me,
[4124]“T am a visiting professor{
[4125]in the USSR Academy” of
[4126]"|Selences. and not the first
[4127]{American to be. associated |:
[4128]with it. For the State-of De
[4129]partment to say that I am an
[4130]adviser. to the Russians on
[4131]Latin: American’ affairs is - a
[4132]deliberate and malicious dis-
[4133]tortion 2. 0 oe
[4134]4 “Specifically, I am’ making|-
[4135]‘Ja study of the Latio American
[4136]‘economy from 1945. to. the
[4137]‘derisis of 1958" "7
[4138]eee eT Onn senator i
[4140]hy Qu
[4142]J hp be
[4143]Por-y 2856)
[4146]14-0000
[4148]> ethers because of their Political
[4150]er a
[4151]MA Te Continoed on Page 7, Cclumat
[4153]FORMER U. §, AIDE
[4154]AT WORK IN SOVIET
[4156]Ex-Boston U. Professor Was
[4157]in O.S.S, in World War I |”
[4159]By JACK RAYMOND
[4160]Special fo The New Yort Ting,
[4162]_ WASHINGTON, Aug. 31—
[4164]The State Department has
[4166]disclosed that a former United
[4168]States Intelligence official ts
[4170]in Mascow working for the So-} -
[4172]viet Government. :
[4174]He is Dr, Maurice Halperin,
[4176]‘a former Boston University
[4177]" professor who wag head of the
[4179]Latin American Division of the
[4181]Otfice of Strategic Services
[4183]during World War LL.
[4185]Dr. Halperin was dismissed:
[4187]froma Boston University in 1954
[4188]. After he refused to any whether,
[4190]he was a Communist. He has
[4191]. been linked in testimony before,
[4192]-Sertate investigators to a So-
[4193]viet’ spy. ring.
[4195]- The State Department's dis-
[4196]closure wes contdined in a
[4197]memorandum in support of a
[4198]Proposed law to deny passports
[4199]to persons supporting. interna-
[4200]tional communism,
[4202]The Supreme Court ruled in
[4204]My
[4206]. beliefs.
[4208]After the Supreme Court rue
[4209]. the Halperins applied to;
[4210]the United States Embassy in
[4212]FORNER U.S, AID 5. AIDE
[4213]AT WORK IN SOY et
[4215]Contioued-From-Page 1, Col. 1
[4217]Mexico City, for passports and! -
[4219]left Mexico Oct 1% 1958. At
[4221]the-time.. tre ‘State Department]...
[4223]noted: Ubey were adcut to be!
[4224]deported trom Mexico for Com-|
[4225]munist activities. -
[4226]Reports ‘that Dr. Halperin)
[4227]was working for th Soviet
[4228]Government: in Mascow were
[4229]confirmad lest July 15, the
[4230]State Department memorandum
[4231]Went an when he and his wife
[4232]appeared at the embassy to re-
[4234]* new, their passports
[4236]Embassy officials reported
[4237]that they had beea tuk by Dr,
[4238]Halperin that be amt his wife!
[4239]had’ been in the Saviet Union}
[4240]since December, 1934, and that
[4241]he was working fer the Soviet
[4243]Academy of Scienees “doing
[4244]research in the foreizn field,
[4245]especially relaling to under-
[4246]developed countries.”
[4248]+ The State Denartmient, re-
[4249]calling that Dr. Halperin was
[4250]an authority on Latin-American
[4251]affairs, added that “our infor-
[4252]mation indicates that this prob-
[4253]ably-is the field in which he ts!
[4254]working st the present time.” |
[4256]State Department officials
[4257]have repeatediy called attention
[4258]to the Soviet trade and cultural
[4259]offensive in Latin America: *
[4261]Referring 0 Dr. Haleprin's|
[4262]employment by the Soviet
[4263]Academy, the Staie Depart-
[4264]Ment, observed that it was di-
[4266]rectly | subordinate to the’ Soviet
[4267]“Council of Ministers, .
[4269]+ gressionsl Record of Aug. 16,
[4271]Requreted Dy Keating «
[4272]The memorandum was pre-
[4273]red at the request af Senator
[4274]<énneth BR. Keating, Republican
[4275]of New York He and Senator,
[4276]Thomas J. Dodd, Democrat af
[4277]Connecticuil are sporscring a
[4278]bi that seeks to restare sa -
[4279]of the Stste Department's}.
[4280]authority to deny passports,
[4282]Senator Keating. who entered
[4283]the memorarcum in The Con-
[4285]expressed regret at the time!
[4286]that his BR was not bxely to:
[4287]be passed in this session of
[4288]Congress, President EXsenhower
[4290]and State Department officials
[4291]have backed the purpose of
[4292]the measure, -
[4294]Meanwhik.  . Representative
[4295]Francis EL Walter, Demccrat
[4296]of Pennsytwaria and chairman
[4297]mittee on Un-Amert
[4298]can AcUvity. sud he kad on
[4299]dered a month-long preliminary
[4300]investigation into the case af
[4301]two missing empoves of the
[4302]National Secunty Agency. {
[4304]The (wo employes af the top-|
[4305]secret coding agency, Bernon
[4306]F, Mitchel) and William =H.
[4307]Martin, are slieged to home
[4308]taken valuable secrets to the
[4309]Soviet Unioa,
[4311]Representative Walter said
[4312]that he understood that one of
[4313]the missing. men . had -.made
[4314]enquiries in their agency about).
[4315]the U-2 reconnaissance plane
[4316]flight aver the Soviet Union
[4318]“before it took piace an May 1
[4320]Mr. Walter said that he was
[4322]* convinced that the Soviet had
[4323]. had advance krowledge of the
[4325]flight. Francis Gary Powers.
[4327]. the’ U-2 pilot, was downed in
[4329]the Soviet Union and suds>
[4330]gente = sentenced to ten years
[4332]Refused to ‘Appear
[4333]BOSTON, Aug. 31—Dr. Hak
[4335]Pperin was officially’ dismissed : : Coote
[4337]from the facuity of Boston} :
[4339]University on Jan @ 1954. He! ; vt
[4340]had refused a summons to ap- a
[4341]pear before a university com- .
[4343]* mittee of review to discuss his
[4345]case.
[4347]Dr. Harvia C. Case, president}
[4348]of the university. telephaned
[4349]Dr. Halperin in Mexico’ City|
[4350]offering to pay his expenses
[4351]to Boston and Yeturn. But thet
[4352]professor dectined He
[4353]deen chairman of the univer.
[4354]sity’s Latin-American regiecal
[4356]studies,
[4357]es
[4359]-/28SE/. >
[4362]14-0000
[4364]~s oe leon 4
[4366]ar
[4368]oo.
[4370]“Is No ow a Soviet Official -
[4372]Associated Press
[4373]“he State Department says
[4374]that Maurice H. Halperin, al.
[4375]former Waited States Govern-]- »
[4376]"Ment official linked by Senate] ©. j
[4377]Investigatars to Savict espi-j.
[4379]onage activities, apparently is
[4380]- serving now as a Latiu-Amer-
[4382]. dean adviser to the Russians.
[4383]Halperin was head of the
[4384]» Latin-American Diviston of
[4385]“,. the Office af Strategic: Serv-
[4386]; yo, ices during the latter part of
[4387]\ -% World War II and later an as:
[4388]' : ‘* sociate prdfessur’ at Boston
[4389]. University. Before the war, he
[4390]had been on the faculty of] *
[4392]*+the University of Oklahoma.
[4393]In 1954 he was dismissed by
[4395] JAmeriean Embasey in Mexico
[4396]iCity, where he had gone after
[4397]*, theing dismissed by Boston
[4398]| University, and used it to
[4399]ieave Mexico on Oct. 13, 1958.
[4400]| The State Department said
[4401]jthat ‘shortly after ‘Halperin
[4402]jand his wife departed from
[4403]. Mexico it received informa.
[4404]hion that he was employed in}:
[4405]| Moscow by the Soviet Union.
[4406]' “This waa confirmed on July
[4407]i135, 1080, when the Halperins
[4408]‘So jappeared at the American
[4409];Embassy Ini Moscow and pre-
[4410]l sented thelr U.-S- passports
[4411].!for renewal,” . the Depart-
[4412][ment's report: said, adding:
[4414]; Boston University after Sen-| - { “Halperin stated that hel - i
[4415]: ate Investigators received tes-| jhad been in the U.S.S.R. since %
[4416]. » dimony linkiag him to a Soviet| December, 1958, and that he is ‘
[4417]spy ring ard he refused to! remployed by the USSR. 4
[4419]. answer a question as to| j Academy of Scietices where 4
[4420]* whether. be was a-Communist.: °* . he is doing research in the i
[4421]:- The latest information on : » ¢  Aasoclated Preas lforeign field, specially, retat- z
[4422]-. Halperin’s whereabouts is MAURICE H. HALPERIN fing to undeveloped countries." |' 5
[4423]* contained in a report compiled] «— Jeved Soviet employe ; The Depart.nent recalled «
[4424]by the State Department; — ithat Halperin was something é
[4426]. about persons to whom it hag! 7 : fof an authority on Latin- a
[4427]. been compelled to issue pais. ldeny passports ‘to Communists’ American affairs and said) , q
[4428], Ports under a 1958 decision of!or to other persons because of Our {information indicates i
[4429]* the Supreme Court. their political beliefs, that this probably is the field |
[4430]-. The Court held that the De! After the ruling, Halperinjin which he is working at the .
[4431]_ Partment lacks authority’ to! applied for a Passport ar thei present time.” , - 3
[4435]NX
[4439]‘e
[4441]Aa
[4446]ay
[4447]n
[4449]e
[4450]f
[4454]14-90000
[4456]_ Professor, who once was ao high’
[4458]. | The professor, Dr. Maurice a
[4459]|
[4461].feo. It*was he. for example.:2t the Un
[4463]ceedings.
[4465]SUE Cerne trem:
[4467]PER RAE ay
[4469]"Ex-OSS Official Works
[4471]For Reds in Moscow -
[4473]By VICTOR LASKY.
[4474]North American Newaraper auuoce
[4476]A former Boston University
[4478]Ave gp ede ie at
[4480]official in the OSS. has turned
[4481]up in Moscow working for the .
[4482]‘Soviet government,
[4484]H. Halperin, fied this country
[4485]seven years ago after an in-
[4486]quiry Into his Communist back-
[4487]ground, .
[4489]According to the State De-
[4490]partment. he probabiy is ad-
[4491]‘vising Sovtet officials on Latin
[4492]American affairs. an area in
[4493]which he is expert. .
[4495]Prof. Haiperin was suspended
[4496]Be Boston University tn 1953
[4497]after he refused, on constitu-
[4498]tonal grounds, to tell a Senate
[4499]“subcommittee whether he had
[4500],ever been a Communist Party
[4501];mernber.
[4503]According to the’ “State De-
[4504]partment, he had previously oy seinen. Tb was obvious
[4505]jbeen involved tn Soviet espio- on tne nace of the information!
[4507]MAURICE A. HALPERIN
[4508]PTE
[4510]P Phoio
[4512]Image in wartime Washington. !containad in his dossier that}
[4514][He had been named by Eliza-, s rtment had been!
[4515]theth Terril Bentley, admitted “the State Depart on the former!
[4517]: aes spy courier. as one of profess’ 's movements for some:
[4518].ther sources of suppiy among time
[4520];Government officials.
[4521]| _ Intrigue tn Mexico i . ‘Fired ln Oklahoma
[4523]And since 1953, Dr. Halperin. From i83t to 1941) Dr. Hal-;
[4524]has been involved: in ‘still more perin—& Harvard Univ ersity!
[4525]Intrigue as an ~exile"“in Mexi-,eraduais—nad been a professor;
[4527]nversity of Oklahoma. ;
[4528]who assisted two suspected! According to the record. it was;
[4529]spies in their flight from Mex- in this period that-he directed
[4530]feo to Crechosiovakia to avoid Commun:s activities fm Okla-|
[4532]IUnited States extradition pro- homa anc. on repeated visita
[4533]Mexico, conferred with Mex-
[4535]h On July. 15, 1960. Dr, Hal-jican Red teaders, OA one visit
[4536]perin ‘and: his wife, Edith.-ap-'to Cuts 20 1935, he and other
[4538]‘ Ipeared at the United States. leftwingers had been arrested
[4540]iBmbassy in. Moscow to present! ‘ey Cuban authorities and ex-
[4541]‘their United ‘States Passports’ pelied freaa the country..-
[4542]for renewal. - ; Ta 1941, much of this was;
[4543]All this was disclosed tn’ disclosed in an investigation
[4544]. State “Department smemoran- conducted or an Oklahoma
[4545]‘dum prepared for Senator State. kegisiauive committec.
[4546].Keating. Republican of ‘New. The committer. invesugating
[4547]York. who has been urging the subversive activities ins Okla-
[4548]passage of E:senhower-sup-.homa. prcduted information
[4549]ported legislation empowering Unat in 10 Dr. Halperin had
[4550]the department to dens Dass- ‘cashed a check for $436 drawn
[4551]ports to active participants in on the Bank of Foreign Trade}
[4552]Soviet skullduggery. in Moscow. AS a result. Dr.!
[4553]The memecrandum. citing Halperin eas dismissed from)
[4554]'“eases where. passports have Une Univerxiy of Oklahoma.
[4555]“had to be issued to known! Despite this record, Dr. Hal-
[4556]Communists." devoted consd--perin manazed to enter Gov-
[4557]‘rable attention to the case of’ See HALPERIN, Page A-6
[4559]. [Weraity’s Ceuese cf Liberal!
[4560]‘Arts.
[4562]of a Soviet spy ricg This came
[4564]oan - - "7 Was emplaved dy the ‘Mexxkan
[4566]“rdivision of the Ose 02
[4569]Various Questens oameernia: -
[4571]ties.
[4573]In Novemoer, 1933. Dr. BRM,
[4574]penn and iis erfe. wit, shout!
[4575]notifying the university, efi!
[4576]mn ihe middie of the!
[4577]return, Turmrg?!
[4579]up in . thes decame!
[4580]members af the American Com!
[4581]Muness grou in Mexen,
[4582]: : Uke most. ACM members!
[4583]. the Haiperins aid well, They; . L
[4584]. ~ invested In an ike cream com} :
[4586]+. and obained todos. Dr. Halperin
[4588]‘government ag a financial cone
[4590]CN oe: isultant and hus wife tausht in. :
[4591]WASH aa ithe American Sebool Founda! . .
[4592]3 TAR a Hee, :
[4594]They also became tri 3
[4595]twith Alfred K. Stern and: his)
[4596]27 A Zé pwife, the former Martha Dodd.
[4597]af Chise CO idsughter of a farses aie!
[4598]t ‘States Ambassador tc Germany.
[4599];The fact tbe &
[4600]Hnaplicated i
[4601]‘eames out mit ! va
[4602][New York of Jack Sode, a Sei os
[4604]jtradited fo Use Cnited Stares!
[4605]100 testify besore a special frand{
[4606]‘yury on (thelr associations wits
[4607]Sotle and “the double agent:
[4608]Boris Morrox™ the Sterns .
[4609]to Crechosiovazia in July, 1937.2
[4610]Dr. Halpern, eserited ase
[4611] fbeine “intimar invoived inj”
[4612]ithelr plans for escape.” hadi
[4613]obtained airtime reservations! -
[4614]i
[4616]hoe
[4617]HALPERIN - "for the Stems .under othe
[4619]Continved Freee First Page Tames. As a resuit, Ne Mex:
[4620]ernment service, Eziorad as can covernmeat was consid.
[4621]jemet of the Lats Amenean' ins his’ case fer departa tian.
[4622]Oss Stra On October 1958 the kh
[4624]Was-perins left Mexico. having!
[4625]‘then the United States Civizan” /Obtained plane reservations in?!
[4626]intelligence-Gatbenog Asency,! she names of other persons,
[4627]{he later was transfered to the: In Rosala Since 1958
[4630]maeencles, accenioz. to tse The State Department mem-F
[4632]Shony. be Orandum  cene?odes:
[4633]sir.dacu. “We received information
[4634]shortly after Halperin’s de
[4635]j iparture. from Mexico thas bei
[4636]| Linked to Sp Ring ‘was employed in Moscow byl
[4637]i Un 1949, be became Sead ofthe USSR. Ths Was cousrmec't
[4638]the Latin’ Amermcaa resincal ‘on July 15. “Tse, when usei
[4639]‘students section at Boron Unis Halperins appeared at the! 7
[4641]American Embassr in Moscow;
[4642]jand presented their Umited). © ot :
[4643]tates passports for renewal!, sf
[4645]jElizabeth Bentier tess:
[4646]jtransmitted | eons:
[4647];Ments to a-Sone? spy ring.
[4649]AU year. later. he was fost
[4650]‘publicly identified as a meme.
[4652]about -when Wee Presen
[4653]Nixon, then a Carterc:a Con-!employed by the Soriet Acs
[4654]sressmar, wade ice a too emy.of Sciences where he (3:
[4655]izecret memorancom on eS-idoing research .. . relating we
[4656]‘pionage transected by Far’ underdeveloped countries.
[4658]‘Director S. Edcar Hoover to; “It will be recalled that Ha
[4659]ithe White Rouse ca Nowem-:perin is somestienz of an sy
[4660]ber 8 1945. itherny on Lata Amenca
[4661]! In March. 1283, io Bostan’s affairs. Our mvarmation in
[4662]‘Federal Burkting. Dr. Halzerca‘dicates that ths prodadir
[4663]‘'repeatediy Bias the Pana the fleld in he is sork+
[4664]Amendment when—in a hear-!ing at the prerent Ume. E
[4665]ing conducted Sy¥ the Senate! “The Soviet Academy
[4666]cInternal Secur:3 Sseercst-! iSelences ts directyy sudorcizat 1
[4667]‘tee—he retused to reply tito the Coune:t of Ministers.“ :
[4669]St
[4673]ROI 1205724
[4676]14-0000
[4678]4
[4680]SECRET _
[4682](then Peltor te; : o - oo eae
[4684]7} brr : ~T A OST ~IOEMTUF CATION “ oe :
[4685]‘ TRI FILE, No, 7 : ;
[4686]OVSPATEN Ge SOCEET Bde” Weuou no. Jar oate . .
[4687]- rn DS8ugcr “eave rata, of Cat o ‘Tmo.
[4689]TRIE E ‘te. eesto tio. wassienaten aa 7
[4690]on  ,, <<.
[4692]HALPERIN, MAURICE _
[4694]ee.
[4696]SEX. M D032
[4698]CIT 2.
[4700]201-123561.
[4702]LETTER fo SR. SHA, ALBERT MALTZ /RE FAMILY
[4703]" MATTERS, COMMING VISIT OF HALPERIN 7 . .
[4704]. CHILDREN, MALT.Z VISIT, . Po a a
[4708]o te vee — -
[4710]F
[4711]4
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[4730]‘ ed (wees SULE IN} — fe
[4732]NOTE: In ths ebeesce of comments or indicsiioe of acto
[4734]PEWS UO NY
[4735]8 ‘ ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
[4737]FROM teoben, tha creer sheet will be destroyed shen the .
[4738]RID fon document & Hed. ~
[4739]~ Lo
[4740]COMMENTS
[4741]orraces
[4743]4
[4744]“nN
[4745]i
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[4776]; U
[4777]had ] FILE NUMBER ‘ . y . a
[4778]: ia | Lf a LEL SUS Ae | A
[4779]nad CATE ICANTFUMED - Ooce MINT CATE ARW MENT NUHOER i
[4783]Jrowa-16789
[4785]ted
[4786]gon SECRET
[4789]14-00000.
[4790]- mS a em
[4791]; . gt ~ Ee | %
[4793]SRARTIAY IDM Aele7uy
[4794]| :
[4795]a tg TRE
[4796]rn aaa nad rn ee nas Daty
[4797]Chief of Station, Mexico _ {8 April is
[4798]: frcronniauins ~ — ” | INDEUNG CaN 8 1U0GE0
[4799]m, ‘Information only 8Y QUALINED NG DESK ONLY
[4800]TEETENCES) ~ cm
[4801]: 1. Attached for your inrorration and retention are two iters oe
[4802]; of correspondence sent from oseow by haurice H. RALFERE: ‘and/or ae
[4803]i _ Edith HALPERIN to the Albert MALTZ (20 1..5239) farily in Mexica. " °
[4804]Te ofa woe = By 5 Copies of this correspondence have’ bedi Five to ony © a Tor
[4805], . locally for their information, : ; } oo Ste :
[4806]eo Pe, p ; :
[4807]: ID Blane CWE
[4808]i a ; J inant G. cutis a :
[4809]“oc. Attachments =~ ; ; ‘
[4811]P . A ar :
[4812]: A> feels 3 negated
[4814]i : i
[4815]} 6 April 1960. i
[4816]i , j
[4817]7
[4818]i Distribution: ‘
[4819]i 3 - HQS watts -
[4820]a ot - . . E of
[4821]2. i.
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[4832]a “a ry a ve) | commas :
[4834]sy §3- Vay wo
[4837]14-0000
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[4916]Suns? optmas Zuyytivore sy
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[5012]3
[5015]14-0000
[5017]_ ISE_ONLY
[5019]CJ) uNctassieien = C1 'TERNat cor verti Secrets
[5020]wo _ ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
[5022]ee ror Ai a rs "i —
[5024]\ AT) . . t GSCI-~3/759, 324
[5026]AO’ U- bm
[5030]iA om : > — - , .
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[5034]oan : - 0 tb AAPIAS £ © when raw a fine across cobain ofter each comeat I
[5035]. . | t
[5037]|
[5039]For Coordination:
[5041]POE ng i me poe gbene
[5043]hla L, UAL PER II Mhurien |
[5044]iota, |, “Pa yw
[5048]PONTE Agri, Eten ome mpeg es Peepers ie ete gin ome
[5050]YT Rte ners saan
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[5058]14-0000
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[5064]BESSA Puts Damoter
[5066]Fedaral Boron of
[5067]Attantions Hr, a J, fanich
[5068]_ sterree + Hewica Hymn HAUSRTN
[5070]APR 196u
[5072]| ene reMeldltty that; ree
[5074]tes loaned thragh a eamsittve exmea of
[5076]baa bens aeqedated with e Op, Jacks vho hal am effico at
[5077]Benes. .
[5079]Bs Ga 12 etree 100 we doomed euwrgh a dalionte eaures
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[5086]Time, Rmasis, resides with ) fuodly at 53 bis ren do la Cope
[5087]wtton, verig So Tile tafe, Emietins Hanke Jil, wep Sat,
[5088]wag bam in Feria an 30. dmmry 2913, A cm, Sarge dala, wa.
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[5092]bor Ga 7 Usheber 1940 fin Chaventapdew
[5093]. Sate Eat 20 demugntary inCormiies TATE,
[5095]2. # to os rosords, a Dr, B, JADU, Melee ab 58
[5097]Couns
[5098]Rovere, Gur pasania fst} ta ahey ay cotdioml poor af estisdty
[5100]. 40 40 erganication ea the part of JAD,
[5101], FOR GES DEPOT OXRECTOR (Phaus)s
[5103]t
[5105]i
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[5109]|
[5113]|
[5121]| ‘as gus do Ye Cammniten, Paria. 9 UE & mobar of the “Gamtts |
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[5198]SECRET
[5200]=, (Ahen polled gay a
[5202]EXTRACT AND CROSS REFERENCE
[5206]: {OC UMEN I TOONTEFICAT ION
[5207]see ope
[5209]Seeineeneneee
[5211]SOURCE INFORMATION
[5212]DATE OF INFO.
[5214]Diesen. No.,
[5216]201271376 76
[5218]OF AMER { ;
[5219]MEXICO, contact a
[5221]2 UR ICE
[5223]008 ? 201-271 376
[5224]CIT 2 | ovat 14462 -
[5225]ace 9 . 10° FEB 6g)
[5226]MEMBER vo
[5228]AN SORMUNES 1 GRoup ty
[5229]Fea 7, SFO RUDICH CoLdpeRs
[5232]tLe CLASSIFICATION GF BLCOaN CoMy
[5236]Indicate The Subject, Project Or
[5237]201 File No. In Which This
[5239]7 Form Is To Be Filed.
[5241]is SUBJECT OF 201 (Lact. Firat, middle)
[5243]H |
[5245]4
[5247]4
[5248]A
[5251]14-D0000 a
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[5266]i : COORDINATING - OF FICERS " “
[5267]es a Orrice i
[5268]é St: - nN Ci CFS ;
[5269]DOCUMENT “WUMBER — eee ian - 2 clois
[5271]nJUTIso AND RE
[5273]BYE i rare up tmmede we ean ite oh!
[5275]fee
[5277]oar eee
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[5281]A a
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[5286]FROM 7 P
[5287]Chief, WB Divicton fo
[5288]Nang ° t a eae a ONE)
[5289]Genaral - ToMarvrouL ; - . > LX [aero roe moning
[5290]. Specific ~_}aurtos Ayaan RALPERTH . NO INDELING FFQUIREO
[5291]ache eae Bart 3 Faroh 1906, Bost, mans, INOLKING CAN BE JUOGED
[5292]. . BY QUALITIED MQ. CESK ONLY -
[5294]TEPERNCES)
[5296]Sen Parngreph 9 00
[5298]1, It has eoms to our attention through a consttive aource of knam .
[5299]; ‘weliability that Maurice Hyman RAIPRRIN, 4 formor somber of cur prodsceszer
[5300]» Organization, apparently has inown the follecing fxlividual for a meber of
[5302]- . Dr, Mero WADIA
[5303]. - 74 Avenuo Gastobd Bolaaier ‘
[5304]eel Wl . Nireflay Gaino ot Qiso), Frame
[5306]Offics address 0 1945 ° :
[5307]55 bia rus de la Cenvention -
[5309]Parte 15, Franco
[5311]K, STERN. In the sumer of 1959 HALPERDI'3 eon, Charles (Carlos) David *HAL~
[5312]Cte ene Femarally known as David HAPERDE (bara § May 2997, OieLchow .
[5313]Gity, Gdehom), viited tho JAINA family in Paris en routa te and fros tha .
[5314]_ USSR to sas kio parenta, it to believed. that he vag in Paris 0-25<30 June
[5315]"1959 and agnin in the latter part of August 1959, | oo
[5317]-. Be Ye would appreaiate having you attempt to obtain informatica on
[5319]JAINA through your imiepsndent sources, No prefer not to disclose to your
[5320]Jiatsen services eur knowlédge ‘of HALPERIN 's- connaotion with the JAINA fautly
[5322]Attecimant
[5325]Orig. & 1 = Aldresgee w/att, —
[5326]1 + UE/3 u/att, :
[5327]1 - W/3 w/ett, .
[5328]Yh = and (201-136562) u/att,
[5329]3 ~ CI/SD u7/3 atts,
[5332]4B ky ;
[5338]wed
[5340]USE PeIMOUS FOTO
[5341]PRACT (tM)
[5342]Se ot ree an so
[5344]Woe ALE OMSONETE
[5347]14-0000
[5349]i,
[5350]j
[5354]Foreign Communists « Find Ita Safe Operating Base a”
[5355]i
[5357]MENICO  CITY—Forsign.
[5359]“Mealec
[5360]bauer from which to
[5361]wand they °
[5362]* are operating
[5363]on a large:
[5365]seale. today. i
[5367]- Mexico pro ;
[5368]vides not only ©
[5370]sluadio
[5372]an es
[5374]haven | when
[5375]things. get lov
[5376]Rot st home
[5377]cmthere. are
[5379]“Com miu
[5381]from the United States bere
[5385]trruromend
[5387]ot from which to Most
[5388]wreive activities throug
[5389]be western hemisphere.
[5390]For years th evica rn fi
[5391]ernment hay given sate har
[5392]bor fer foreign Communists
[5393]< wel! as revolutionaries of
[5394]he extreme right-—on the the:
[5395]ory that it was appiving the
[5396]vesported and huorane cat
[5397]E eect of assium fer those suf-
[5398]+ fering political persecution
[5399]i 1 Mexican leaders and Intel.
[5400]Yectuals greatly pride then
[5401]selves that their country of:
[5402]“f,
[5404]a unquestioningly and there ts
[5405]© no evidence that the new
[5406]+ geverament will change this
[5407]poitcy in any important par
[5408], tirular
[5410]Tr" What Meatran leaders do
[5411]Eeut ghease tos recognize 1s
[5412]hat there is a vast differ.
[5413]. e between providing
[5414]“-apytum for those Ohi
[5415]“pe secuted and:. providing
[5416]asytum for thote who: Use
[5417]to | prepare
[5418]pereezution ageingt ‘Ahers.
[5420]: wat ina of portion
[5421]¢ abused here
[5423]_
[5425] Communita continue to Sud-
[5427]ehh wea. Dut gied a strate"
[5429]ers asvlum so freeiy and so
[5431]are:
[5433]HS the wae the’ Brest.
[5435]today, The record 1s pertert- sheluered safety here. They :
[5437]ly clear en that.
[5439]Sse,
[5441]tian af the Soviet EmbBasay.
[5442]- They cartted on subversion
[5443]avalost theig country, from and nuleing embassy in Mex-!
[5444]withia Mexico and Che das:
[5445]gerous rise of com nunism in
[5446]Venezuela came front: sefviews ‘difett
[5447]» Mexico Was sive Operations. There are
[5448]e for them to 128 adults on tte .
[5450]rendered wh
[5451]making it 4
[5452]operate. They hase maw tb
[5453]their way back to Venere
[5455]For five years M Menico har.
[5457]erueian Comnmiunist- Teaders
[5458]e@ under the divete —and now ail three are
[5460]a
[5462]both made aft ine Prague,
[5464]er who was ake hing Bere |
[5466]veady for fulure assignments.
[5467]Mescow malntains a busy
[5469]and en
[5471]dink and. 48 ¢midren,
[5472]do their eidawy hares
[5474]There is a stoup ef at least) whether they are acer SET -
[5476]R Guatemalan Communists or nor
[5477]who are, duing-he same (tig.
[5478]and are waiting onty the of much of “ne Soviet
[5480]ty otaotty that Re
[5482]free
[5486], presents another fie pase: _-
[5488]porn
[5490]THE ADULT United States
[5492]Communist populatan here
[5493]c ¢
[5495]hovers | are = most
[5497]given over ato U
[5498]tes Bug th
[5499]Whee Comm
[5502]runs
[5503]afoul of the law nere of else. Mexican national te do tren,
[5504]7 swhat happened the most menial varetaking ¢
[5505]¢ Manuel Fortuny, te work. AU Me
[5506]General of the Inwed even to px h the nad |
[5507]Party ia Guate- on the outside of ihe front
[5508]sheen operating dnor, tL. uses only tea nan
[5509]sre. fur some time. Soviet employes’ and these! |
[5510]Hy obiained a faise Mesiean are Communists) “impected |
[5511]passport ty go to Moscow ao fram Spain. Ali
[5512]few weeks ags. but this be. Russian. fluentiy
[5513]ie ‘krows and had tn be.
[5515]The clandeniine cbar
[5517]bsexy's role here ts
[5518]‘ed by its extremeiy tight on:
[5519]erations, It dors net permit”
[5520]Itse to emmy so oungle
[5522]tea speak |
[5524]Even the education of 7 ‘ene!
[5525]elidren of the emhasey orale?
[5526]is carried on inswic the ein:
[5527]walle and cu Meaican
[5528]feachers are Amps.
[5530]ihe Soviet
[5532]ainong whom are the
[5533]this im a eaunry
[5534]Is tirtually oon.
[5536]existent. This ssaffoty) ad
[5538]viously mere cancermed with .
[5540]what miliary sevreds it ct
[5541]‘procure. fricn
[5542]States than. (Fam Mexi
[5544]ain Meas
[5546]Ores? dine tae fee 7
[5547]’ rotaue Te
[5549]mad dst ales.
[5551]United !
[5554]14-0000
[5556]So Sf
[5557]| 20(-(235! _ > seener/moroay
[5560]| ENTRGED COOL. gre shana |
[5561]A j Gialiauc sung Ay PA 2A@
[5562]| CCT COMO, gor: asin
[5563]- - 2 8 DEC TSS
[5566]: Federsd Burnes of Invostigation tt ee | .
[5567]: Sttentions Hr. ‘8, ve Papich. *. ewe ; ’
[5568]Faas Topaty uircctur, Plane feast i .
[5569]SUNIZT! = Albert uaz | . a eee ee Ce
[5570]REFERNICES CCI-V7S$,300, dated 26 June A959 eee
[5571]Saeed “Pobsontttad Pelow are tie: muvee of persone or companies’ ne
[5572]a (- | Eubjoat-ont/or. his wife have becn“in correspondence during the’
[5573]_ | Y "*-period’27 faprat ito 25 Catober 2959. For your inforzstion ealy,
[5574]: (1 photocopy of caer Lton.in attached. fince the foll.
[5575]i ! Sorvenpindcies was ohteined Cron @ hirhly. sonsitive Source, infore
[5576]so | : ‘Matton Contained bereln shculi not bo disconinated cutelic of your
[5577]a : . Xe Corrersontonea with Wi PsUTe, 27 2. Pth Ftront, Kow York 214
[5578]: a , | . - ‘Vattacinont T) : . :
[5579]| 4) In 6 short letter paatnarked 1h Soptenber 1959 the uriter boo
[5580]: ‘ o gpke Subject and. hie wife to seri @ tote to "sunt Rarg®, peo
[5581]: | | at Forest Mis Kurclnz iione, Yollowstone Divd., Forest . mt, fog
[5582]} H Hille, K.¥~ Encloced with the letter 43 a enall nevapaper
[5583]| clipping, apparently to point out thot Poul Histin wil)
[5584]H t do Fxoduse ~
[5585]bo] / .--) A personal letter froa 921°, vith no roturn adtross, ig
[5586]: - . . postccrkod Kew York City. © Encloced with the letter Jo @
[5587]sory of tie first pare of the Sports Section from the, Sebo
[5588]L. 27 Septaaber 1559: dssuo of the fw York Tineae _ an are
[5589]; : . ~e) An’ unederied personal ‘lettor,, bearing m return addreas,’ :
[5590]oor boas. | pat | |. 1p portnarked Now York City and acdresced ta Kiss Katy... 7
[5591]sow oh A OMALT® GA PALTS da" mpare;tly plaming to Vinlt Maxica | }:
[5592]: ey s during Decentisr. he eteloscd @ nevepoper elipping, fy.
[5593]ee [oe  Ganeemning estore who are: taking part. in tha film pie
[5594]ce . duction of Brodus, for delivery to Sutjocte - ,
[5595]: : ote Correspomtense with my Marezalkoweka 10/6 a Tie . y.
[5597]Lack es [PND Gate, Wirrnay 0 :
[5598]ee ee OnnEGED CoMRGL PoE
[5599]: i ae seers on. . Oe ey . : : ? Bee SF
[5600]: , oo 221-7; 2856 .
[5602]14-0000
[5606]TO wee - SECRET NOFORN ea
[5607]~~ 7 . "A ep tien fine rye ~ . . paeted
[5608]. OU: ’ Ww ital : 7 . . t 7
[5609]a) In a porsensd ivttar cated 17 Aupast 1959, addressed to: . a, do ;
[5610]© Meresre$ CANT ena eherat by “Naxia,® ong pararresh reados - .t- .
[5611]4 ST may hswe Cecon dye ane when you spoke of tdelirtoug 2 lo.
[5612]y .. @rovis win prec Vidone! The fact, alas, is that tha =. -
[5613]: ; “ enblaslastle, Lic?iTs Ti FACT THAT
[5614]a oo OTT: (E.8e THE RAO ANIOUSIN TiS WR .
[5615]epee ce pe eo. OF ng greg P°Tt TO TWAIN: «The Pleo sti ;
[5616]pot . “Feel elo e | oy ton te the UR. after all, they _
[5617]. : a hore wihlions al ki reix. in ‘the States. whd @end thon food
[5618]a 7 oe L er elotti os ried oe ve eS Meet
[5619]: ted Ui Septenber 1959, shien
[5621]T, at Apartade 21978 An Nexioe
[5623]~ : Praca ard Cos, Ince, publishers, TD
[5624]bo: . «Te lotter, almod by Liga MaTRy
[5625]a re : Of the Sehaod rs oak Teorteent, requeste LIchinta -.
[5626]se per Peasog te re cctan 8 +hlprent of Fute Fate® by Martin -
[5627]uf - “a My Maple fog rréio ty Las CRUTCISIELD.s |
[5628]! _0) A Jetter ates yi Lenterter 2957 fron *Maxin® is adéressea.
[5629]: fol bjestia wiles Roost Ls glad to learn that Fart FLES, .
[5630]; Bow fork Litdrery arent, Ma po objection to LUT Rs
[5631]| herd ling Srv: 22 8 Cold Fine Lor possible Polish
[5632]‘ ' “publication, Cannot uncurstand why Eubject’s wife.
[5633]i Shetld wirh to ulecuire berself by using tho pen nane -
[5634]? *iurenio fol; Ye® “CUriless in eolecting a Ruseion
[5636]peouconyn soi vrisned in this eubtle fashion te cust ospersion
[5637]on the husslan charactor.” LUP-R has Juot returned frase
[5638]‘Pulearia, wore isa ud spent fifteen days "on a porfectly
[5639]| glorious beach «n tha Black Sea esses wo have little to :
[5640]curplaln abst, ospecially aince Xnrushehov ia strong thoning
[5641]the peace front.* Liz R-bed received @ lotter frou PHIL
[5642]resusebly Philip §Tivi.s"'7 and also a card fron “Jerry, ope
[5643]who soos to be enjojing Moscow. Lis wife, Alico, returned =: of
[5644]- to tha stetas. Questions Will Jorry followi® Tovard the 2--|-
[5645](Grd of the latter Lila thanks his correspondant for the
[5646]: ereetings fron Salvador O21?) and Ferta. “what, I wonder,
[5647]“ds Salvador doing sinco the disaal failure of that bandit?
[5649]. ‘Is may interest you to know thet Alico NILVY, ths widow of
[5650]the: lawyer who had got up that scoundrel. with @ substantial -
[5652]} Bum, told os that bor husband bad-‘aleo been vietinised, amd
[5654]at : o ‘a closest friends." L1Snts
[5656]4 -_* Atte? aleo tadioates that Margaret MALTZ stayed at the —
[5658]_ oo SECRETIROFORN
[5659]: ONT CaTRQE.
[5660]a i = we eee 7 ee . 7 remy ee nn eee
[5664]14-0000
[5666]we So wmveew aries Uitte ae .
[5667]aT pra
[5668], 1 = ; . oe —— ; rj
[5670]; 4) dove “ron Fubsect to LIER, dated 7 detober. WS5% = | 3.
[5672]* Suble-tehoe nadled & oheck to LIME 8 account ia. . Hl
[5673]Comes and v2 continue to tranrfer tha interest, : :
[5674]°. l&ipre atl “3 Core Investnent, about every tro aontige. .
[5676]BR, addreserd to Cubject ard dated
[5678]Lot wilt hove a statorent notzrised
[5679]foer % irdicate-Ynls2 ts holding
[5680]" for the ts: ¢ SGD 2 eoations *the
[5681]tial reforercos to "Cod? thet Korcshehow -
[5682]ing on bis. t¥anseontinontel tour. Ratver
[5683]| for ‘the: kind of athelot x. inbista he ip.
[5684]Sure thas @ good part of ‘tha dnerican People are
[5685]_ <Uy ikpressed ose. I peracnalty fee] convinced thas
[5687]* “Re SOvEB Visit to: the V.Sed. ie going Womrle
[5689]-  Telezation of tensions.® In tnis letter LIAT:R saya bo
[5691]wis com on the Black Ses coast in Pulvaria for ths fires
[5692]Lesoty days of Sertortar. In Oxpressing c0rroy over the
[5693]cats Of Ore Ernesto VAN, TLE writes, 8 evan have
[5695]& saree of tlt end complicity fn his trario and untirely
[5696]fd (Ursula (ore Ate wifay, by the way, indicated =~
[5697]that thio warts Bernal, but of courae tiie renoins betvsen
[5698]us) teozuse while hy vas Still in Mexico Ernesto had witten
[5700]f tha peoplete
[5702]Sa ere
[5707]wen.
[5708]4 .
[5710]fare ecante.
[5712]orrescondenee with ¥, riley 7m Abutasowek Prosseet, 19, .
[5713]-# Ricat 120, Norcew Gevite [Attéennent : =: ‘Cpaa
[5714](0 1 Sy teea e SS ELE ES Ce = fan, ¢: CAT Pee” IVA SIIAZ
[5715]: . 8) Gn @ letter tra MAISON, dates G Ceptendor 1959, tha -
[5716]"writer espharizca tho Sxportance. of actress ing his. mail
[5717]correctly, @s caption adoves On 25 Septerber WIP
[5718]a lottor dated 15 Sopteber froa the MALTS egy
[5720]‘plotores ware ‘not enclosed, end RALPIGS wonders
[5722]ho: how ¢
[5723]3 = Bat Last February in Koscevs The
[5724]a SPor ho, : ALLIS expect to pat a telephone poons faxt wook
[5725]et rn a i TW RALPt V6 8 fulletina recoarch assistant. Igy
[5727]2
[5728]CR CTT eg
[5732]u
[5738]i
[5740]a
[5741]i
[5742]f
[5745]»)
[5748] CONTGED CONTROL © -
[5751]Another le.ter trea PAIR dated ly Ootober 1¥S9
[5753]acknovledres receipt of the tN *se¢ Survey ov La. 19578
[5754]and & recistermt packare ecntaining elipoings.
[5756]Corretsomte-ea concern!
[5758]Saven Stars in a Gold Mine, .
[5760]a)
[5762]‘Subjeotts wife, in several let tore dated 23 Septerbor 1959, ~.
[5764]Wrote persons Listed bolow that sho wag asking hor Englich
[5765]publishers, Victor Gollanca, Ltdi, to sent oooha copy of
[5767]-bor book entitled fcven Shires in a Cold Mina, obviously
[5769]“to promote ita salug cai to econ 11s publicution in Goriat/
[5770]- ' Batellite countries, In two of the lotters, acdressed to -
[5772]>).
[5774]' the first two persons listed below, she analosed ‘goples of
[5776]& roview of ‘tho book, uritten by Viola Brothers rong,
[5778]“Whioh oppeared in Hoinstrem, an Amerioan Repasing.
[5780]“* Fre Alexei MRASILNIEW, Publishing Rouse for
[5781]Foreign Litaratare,. 52 Sove Aloxeyovsxayn,
[5782]_ Moscow, SR -
[5784]Mr. Miodrog STAMATOVIC, Jiponlovenska dutorska
[5785]Agenoije, yarvala Tita 14, Folprade, Yugoslavia
[5787]Yor. Eézund SEX, Wowotki 25 m 363, Warsaw, Polend —
[5788]"Wire Aan TURK, Cardeaterska 21, Weroay, Poland
[5790]" Yitee Raya [USA Foreign Litoratare, Platnitekaya
[5791]Ul, Hoscor, torn : :
[5793]| Mido Ovna G17 KATA, Poreten Comtsaton of
[5794]" Untor of Soviet iiciters, $2 Ulitss Yorovakogo,
[5795]Morcow, SY L200 b = 05. dolow : , :
[5797]Nas Panta ALIN; Literotumaya Oasots, IvotnoL
[5799]_ Falvar. 4, Moacow, >, ;
[5801]In anothut lottar devel 23 Septender 1959, and eddreesed
[5803]to He. HUlary £22. TKN, Vigtor Gollanga, Ltde, 1h onc latte
[5804]Steg Cavant tins totor, Wile 2, Subjootta wife Pequesta *
[5806]J What the niece end -rduemznes of LilsiL and TAN, too liter
[5807]people fa Flac, be aticd to the list she.hed went tho
[5808]" pubMehoce a day of tw ante : .
[5810]SEeRer/HorORN
[5811]CONMGED CORO,
[5814]WE
[5816]COAT PS tisnwanes
[5819]4-00000
[5821]a)
[5823]a
[5825]7 “£) 2
[5827]a)”
[5829]bs Gormecponte wai wit a Ben sar Gar
[5831]4
[5835]b) >
[5837]Subjsotta wite
[5838]1 and Led Locusaviad Lt te Pilar at: tha above eddroos, alia -
[5839]‘carnal snterstan: way ih was not received. Subjects wife
[5841]SERNCIINUTUMH
[5843]*  obiTeea COOL
[5845]7S
[5847]A letter fro. Vietor *ellancs Lide, aiyned by nilary
[5848]RULES TALN ang dated 29 Septecber, iz in answer to an
[5850]_ OTder placed by Saubjectia wife
[5852]‘A lsttor frou Nalia, Caechoslovak Theatrical and Literary
[5853]Aroncy, rropue, cated 26 September 157, ocknowlaices
[5854]Feoniat of mivleve of Seven S!area in a Cold Mine, which”
[5855]hava been sent on to opblining < house for considerations
[5857]A letter f=o “Asana KR: ERSPAYA dated 21 Octobar isp
[5858]cevnovledsos recel:t of book and letter, noted in k = a
[5859]heres . NU ACRATA pasaea on mreotinge frowlislon
[5860]HOLM Ae
[5862]M.20 Oetotor 18, @ check, drown on the s Security F First
[5863]hathonsl Wak. cf log. Anreler.and signed by Karraret MALTZ,
[5864]13 part to Siron and Sctwstar, Inc., 136 Neat 52nd Stroaty
[5866]haw Tork Wy hele UNE’ CT ape 8 ?
[5867]ce ; Torag Pereton a Madrid,
[5868]CEaY MALE 320-5 $237
[5871]‘é havivelecan’ i igtier in Spanish fron *Pllar* to the PALTZG3
[5872]13.daunt cv Ce Mester 1959. ‘Pilar has just received .
[5874]Pas “ool. letter trlline her of the death of (r/ Rrreste.
[5876]idy hee former tusbond, end now requests detaile ag to
[5877]tha olreutatatcuse Sho writes that their oon fickle had
[5878]not oar ire. Nis fathor since Septenber 1955, nor: has
[5879]tie Las & Jetter SOAkE bad vrittan bis eon via tha PALTZO9
[5880]been receiveds :
[5882]an animer to. toe torordinr, written in Spentoh dy Subjeoatts
[5883]wite, on 1 Uctatys 3959, reveals that a loiter which Lye |
[5884]AGN hed vrltton on 27 July had beon forvarded to Pilar -
[5885]de su for dzlirnry to thoir son bicklo. Althourh |
[5887]sh Pe. AMUN's request, hed rocd the letter
[5889]relates shat wa in the letter to fickle. Suffering fro
[5890]encepnelitls, | ite APANY died dn a Corsan hospital after
[5891]hia return trore fcr tte thint Gine, The MALTZop visited
[5893]Lie MULN during Uaelr Feowat Buropean tripe .
[5894]212 Weat 9th
[5897]Abiscnentk Of
[5899]po  Satreenat
[5901]“COiiien GOATROL 2/539
[5903]j
[5904]t
[5905]4
[5909]ij “ ce ene
[5912]14.90000
[5914]“b) Bubject!s angu=r to the. forepoing de dated 29 Bartenders ;
[5916]“-a) In an envieione postaarel 22 fctober 959 SEALROH matled.
[5918]b) A letter dated 13 Septirter 1357 sete forth STSvISOR's
[5920]-@) Personal thiakeyou Rite, éated 3 Oetedar 2959, fron Janet
[5922]_ SEORETINOFORN
[5923]CCSihiwe CONTROL
[5925]aba
[5927]a) Ino cotter déted 16  Seatantar KAMOLIS arto KALTZ to
[5928]‘rive his proferarce for attorneys to consult with respect
[5929]to the praniniLity of Uttgation against tha Inalgretion |
[5930]Eoivicse
[5932]‘Ginse Rebdinowlis’ and. Bedia hod represented hia previously, .
[5933]“ Bubject writes, be truld be reluctant to hire any other :
[5934]ew Ora unless thore vere @ *colid roascn® to do Go.
[5936]Correosordense with-Parerrd (RATED: Public Accountant
[5938]a) Torr nieces of f catres,vondanee, dated carly October 1957, 7
[5939]goroarn Eubject'a finances, :
[5941]b) A letter'fron SKURCi, Witod 22 Septerber 1959, doals
[5942]with real estate investmont. opportunities as woll as vith
[5943]‘Bubjects Sinaness. :
[5945]with a lottar dated 5) Ostodor™ 159 SHRM sends Subject
[5947]_ & copy of Waldo FUNN's patition for a writ of eortiorary
[5948]' 0 roview an earlier dudjroat , preventing his trays *
[5949]“Chinas
[5951]a
[5953]Bubjec’ Ais aheck took ane for Septenbore- eure - 9":
[5955]Corrasonderca with Pailin yan Jame mri 401 Flonla
[5956]Ts tive, Tos, pis orien Nay atari Tne arsine TT eae 2-829?
[5957]eee chen
[5958]«) da en “prvelepe postrearked 6 contenter 1) inttiy snares .
[5959]Soris Subject a copy of a nexoramtun. dated:-1 toy tosber 1989.
[5960]. Whleh ST. MW tec.pent to Wy AbckLe STANE! ~O4 18 cendtag
[5961]Abel. tho finishdd scroon treatment of Albert FALTZNe
[5962]novel, Tha: Cro: au fo serov, under the. working title
[5963]of Ta WNT cits Storm.) The merorendun conserng
[5964]finascial aaveunt Tor: Sata under contraste —
[5966]- ideas for writing a screxplay, prosumably based en pe
[5967]~ Rosa Pensa, STIVE CSN may fo to Yextoo for a fes caja”
[5968]» Ga 45 Sante Septexbor. to dincuss the bodk. .
[5970]‘STIVESOR te -Karzeret EALTZ, following Puulsy STEVES
[5974]tok SY
[5977]14-0000
[5979]Ss greening pe
[5980]| | a
[5982]-T<
[5984]a) eve are: premier. iy prenared by Subject, presents the
[5986]foo Sal arrore ty =cs Grare and the Ary Gint 49 ebireased —
[5988]te witldp Soe TT
[5990]’ .
[5992]@) 4 jarconal tes fem T WolSON ta the MAltiea ts dated
[5993]VT istaber wave > ite take, STAVE acknowlotres
[5994]reaelph: gn ie chives of be material ‘on The Crose end and pho
[5995]5 r ig a. mrently working on -@ 9 tal otory.
[5996]ih Se ea ottine of Mada no el
[5998]7
[6000]£) i: e latter at 2 catoner 1959 Subject writes his
[6001]“eurente Sed orduistan of FTEVAISOUlS soreenp lay catling -
[6002]Ie Carne.
[6004]uw ta Foam
[6005]’ ts eta Rrarrrnt so Rorth festnd
[6006]Teh, poarliont nike Tiileolacat .
[6008]®) Ina letter ACUNt Ot fen te ber 159 and adiressed te
[6009]A veeret cans, Lan “EFUGT disousaso plans fee
[6010]4 _ placing one Paninan rivl, in tha hone of 8
[6012]= eertala VaATT teal la t2liformtas -
[6014]‘b) darornt HALT, In a ;wroonal lotter dated 9 October 1959,
[6015]Bahn ienty 6a remips af ta foregoing latter by thank ing
[6016]Laurie for Vieltlog Mew. vaTTide Bubjegtta wifa tells
[6017]her aurreopumient that abo (Marporet) 1a golng to be .
[6018]Antorviewed on taleviaton in Spanish in a eouplo of veakse
[6019]AS indicated In this letter, ro. RLADKPURT hso Winited
[6020]Hoxloo. . .
[6022]206 Corressomiense with SY x. Poller sveme ‘las Anreles
[6023]a). a personal, latter dated 2), September 1959 and ‘pigned
[6026]. eye tiple is adtressed to Subjeatta ‘foe The envelope :
[6027]. 4 bears the above return address.
[6029]y
[6031]7 (ae - - ue aa oe oO
[6034]14-0000
[6036]SECRET/NOF ORY Lo
[6037]Lis eld ap anaes :
[6038]Cow eh h0l
[6039]2) Be
[6040]po oe |
[6041]i .e 0) br + letier cated 22 Lepterbar 1959 FURRSL acknouledges
[6042]I Te fer bye of too lettors, datad Jl Amat and 3 Lepterber, .
[6043]' + : arn bubleat. The writer rives booxrround information
[6045]on tut f. -ustion of the State of lorsol, obviously at
[6046]BP eR OL MALTZ, ©
[6048]QD 42 “rently Lo enmwer to a requost by lotter dated -
[6049]' os ae 1. este toe fron Subject, Misl XW, in a letter dated
[6050]oo. : ok See ay state: Ler, desorlbes nelical prectiogs anong the Prunes
[6051]taht : se ins bea written portroript the writer notes be wilh.
[6052]rn Sorei@ ila tine, ae Subject requested, t@ PLUZUINIR. while
[6054]_ i Be tee tn iareol, only towevor 1f the writer is elven
[6055]- ST _ ratvee of Mt Mibitta arrival date woll in atvenae,
[6057]2) 4 Ictter dated 9 Octeter fran PRAKICL acknowletros reoeipt —
[6058]_ Of tifa cables from Sibjeat and encloses a fuwsary of ;
[6059]“security moasuros in Fanarusta, Cyprus, during the Altye= _
[6060]foul éra, :cemmadly as taokrpround information for Sudjecs'a
[6061]writinges : oo . . -
[6063]4) “Tiree lottars,. dated 13, 15, and 19 Oatoter 1959, fron .
[6064]Vee Adia AIKNL provide Subset with additional book ground
[6065]information and rssaarch a::alysone Tho lotter dated okays
[6066]2}-Cetober incluces photostats of identity carda issued
[6068]in 19h5, dyL7, and WLI.
[6070]: 0) in a letter da.ed 20 October 1959 Subject poses to FRENKEL
[6071]: ». t a eeries of questions concerning ths Fagarmmah leaders and
[6072]wo. oO Irrun wortere. Subjeot indisates that "Otto" /probably
[6073]FRLUUG D7 was in Mexico the provious wesk, wo xing with.
[6074]foo. ||, Fubjeot Gn the etory.. "Cito" will be arriving at tho.
[6075]Pos ae itel Dan between Novexbor 15 and 18 for a fLve-week otey:
[6076]ar in Iernol, ~ : :
[6078]poo £3 Stew of information contained in these letters, oo well sa
[6079]wo. _-dn-ather ‘pieces of correspondance noted herein, 4% would appeay |
[6080]‘oc y that Subject=is working on a screenpley for the movie to bo. |.
[6081]» shaped on Loon UUS' dent ‘sollar, ixohis. Otte PRENIION, :
[6082]Well<known Hollywood novio director, is soheduled to. diroet
[6083]tho fila version of Kris 7 : ” : :
[6087]tin ta ee eee:
[6089]Cablvomige
[6091]* °.G) A letter from the bootahos dated 23 Septanber 1959 fa:
[6093]: sized *iilton.® Milton sent lr. AMALN *tho’Cassorole |
[6094]Cooking": the ¢ay ho received RATTZ'@ latter bat negleeted |
[6095]& D111 Subjeots Books for Subject have been ord |
[6097]GH Steneriszonn
[6098]ee CONT TROL
[6100]Pe seegpranennn bs
[6102]14-0000
[6104]a
[6106]b). Eutjectts check payable to Larry Edendo Pookshop is
[6108]oting that AYANS has diag and that Subject wil await
[6110])
[6112]a)
[6114], - tolta fubject: that Seven Seas Publishors is sending hin
[6115]‘thirty copies of The Crocs ant tha /rrow in care of
[6116]pliywood.
[6118]>)
[6120]a)
[6122]b)
[6124]srmado Ly Subjectta wife, the latter liste works. by CIENDY
[6126]Covrnsocntesca with Dilte
[6128]Pore ote Bee Se ores)
[6132]onclosal tn en envelo~e aiirecred to the bookshop and
[6133]postaarked 3 October 1959. Also orclosed is the lattes) |
[6134]Listed above, on Wiueh TULTS hes aldwd hig coments,
[6136]delivory of tha books onereds
[6138]Latter dated 28. October 1959, atdressed ta Subjoctta vite - . i
[6139]“fe. aipned "Lltoae &rperently in answer to a request an
[6140]hich tho.book shop has in stoak.
[6142]A lottar datod 22 Soptocter 1989 and eicnad by Kay Py -
[6144]Larry bemunds Pooksnop dn id
[6146]Lotter. fron Soren Sese Books, dated $ October 1959, 19
[6148]airned “Certrude® (dertrada GEIDIX, chief editor),
[6150]‘Certruce has boon and contimes to be in poor health.
[6152]Sho writee about wat sppears to ke scles firurea for a ,
[6153]partioular publication, perhaps one of Subject'a dockee ;
[6155]Csecheslovak Thestrical and Literary ‘
[6156]thids Vattachnaant pry) : . _
[6157]Lotter froa Dilis, feted 2h Septonder 1959, 4a stped ty
[6159]Gate Ceblest La requestal to ecnd anothar
[6160]copy of hin pley unex Pit for the Slovak translation,
[6162]o
[6163]3
[6164]e
[6165]<4
[6167]ra)
[6169].
[6171]Latter fro1 Tilia, dated 29 Septenber 1959, 18 sirned
[6172]dy “Darna.” She writer acnoilodres receipt of sigied ‘
[6173]Copies cf a2 acreseent for the Czech edition cf Tre cross .
[6174]fnd to Amen. Tia lost oaracraph of tha letter’ corscernas :
[6176]| Btorlea Ey ora br. oR TS, Pondtenctaria N69-8, Quedalajera, / :
[6178]“So gengiderations
[6180]"letter Bus Lilta doted 9 oct
[6181]“that an advance on tio Crech edition of The Journ: of
[6183]. farred’ to Subject's account with the Banco Necicnal do
[6185]dalfsoo, which iiila hae forwarded to publishers for
[6187] Cotober 1959 informs Subject Oe
[6189]Elon Rékeuror, to ba published by the State Py I
[6190]iwase-of Polltical. Literature of Vrame, bis beso trans
[6193]CONT UGTA =
[6195]se a . . Sot ean © pay te ee Sp ees wen tpt ee eee
[6197]14-0000
[6199]es > arr a letter. iated 27 Sovtember 1959 frea Ingo PEXNIOR,
[6201]comic comma,
[6203]. SECRET#NISFORN
[6204]RATNER CONTROL Oo |
[6206]: - ~ ° . oe
[6207]ise Corres: oriance mbtrowsal to Subject at Yarto Uh, an A ,
[6208]‘ FoaTco rere am ° CitGicipeat oF)
[6210]6) letter from Kindler Vorlog, LuciloOrahn~trarse 37, Munich
[6211]8, Oermany, daicl 18 Sestenbor 1959 and signed by Dre Pe do
[6212]: sclnowlotras receint of a letter dated.
[6213]“ ‘udjont.e The writer hos obtained a aopy
[6214]*" of Tha Cross au tna. srrow ard will inform MAITZ abould
[6215]"he Uerida te bien a ncot Oorman editions os
[6217]7 OL rreeinecr/Stuare érancy, Inoe, 8462 Louleverd,' Hollywood
[6218]. li » tie writor discusses LAinsneing arrangenente .
[6219]fur a Ctls pro'istlone - ; : . _ a
[6221]|. 0). Letter froa Acrina scoTt, 13312 Wyandotte Ste, Yan Muys, :
[6222]ae fallfornls, catod 22 feptanber 1759, in which the writer i
[6224]aan encloves a check, aimivd by Robert A. Eoott for 350 dollars, :
[6225]: for paymuit on » loan sAL?Z mode to the writer, apperently :
[6226]eeveral ynaro apo, Se
[6228]- ) Lottr treme dwte'y Sarvorts, 22. cant 17th Stroot, New Tork 3,
[6229]Wels, dated Testa 1759 ana alynad by Morrio Us CCHAPPES,
[6230]L , oditor. - Tie writer ackncwlodres receipt of a contribution. _
[6231]So ay tubjoos had nade while éLread. The eiltor suprests Subjeot
[6232]“ : Right write for publication in Jevinh Currents an article
[6233]or irsve) letter about any one of to oountricg he Vialted —
[6234]Tecentlys . : . us
[6236]e) Leter freq Scienaa & Soosety, 30 East 20th Streat, Kew- !
[6237]“ " York 3, Veles dated 2 Sertenber 1959 and signed by Te Ee : B,
[6238]WALT01, reerotary. fwaiish press cuttings will be held ty
[6239]Until ‘the retium af ooney AUS, who wil) be abroad until “
[6240]. the middle of Noverbor.s ; : SO :
[6241]- f)- Lotter from ore peso Lt, Roos 132k Karl ¥eyor Hall,
[6242]. Conk County Meonttal, Gnlsaro 12, Tlinois, dated & October -
[6243]1959. fer mavo% Feferones to A Tong Tay in a Short:
[6244]‘2 98 Sion Ke¥aéves and surgeats
[6245]wy vIsit Cock County Hoo pital in Chicago,
[6247]@ place f11led “with *rwentot literoture.s
[6249]on the Sovuttes to- Secure Justice for Marton = oe
[6250]9s Peures Now York 10, 4.255 pootsarked 7 Oatoder ioe
[6252]Forottoy for Horton Sohell, poxt’
[6254]: Shope dn ‘our sep Re
[6256]'_SECRET/NOFORH
[6259]14-0000
[6261]a ~ SERS =gen OO
[6263]so elves wiaTRgL Ce -_
[6264], tl ehae : : : i
[6265]. , . A) Lottar cre avrataa PTZ, Lonstionan Youtriltare
[6267]ro, Bose
[6268].teds Israel, ested 7 Catoter 1553. The writer thanks - oot, x ‘
[6269]Bubjest fa> mas bookte and effors hold in mpolyins raterial ~ wo
[6271]‘Sudjoct way aii for fia "book about Isracl.e FL ; : aod.
[6272]~ Gereribes his work oame the children, addins that he wil} “ .
[6273]leove Loreticnen curing tho succor. of 1960 to eocalete hia : :
[6275]‘4 Latter froe the laral Cersrtrent of Universe! Pictcres
[6276]COZ, Inae, Mivorsal City, Californta, dstod 19 October
[6278]- 1959 and etm ed ty Jesesth Se DUBIN, chief atutio counsel, .
[6280]_ Delleed with ths lester ia'tn Assicront, Kiving exslusive
[6281]' ROLina pleture Tichte -for erry Co Fourd, a play writtes
[6283]| by Subjoct (uader pecad myn Of ering rent) and Coorre
[6285]_ SEAL, to trtvorse] Pletures,: sindk ses; ct 18 an Mexico,
[6287]tho writer Peuicste thet the enclosed sirzzeut be exnouted
[6289]by Subject ofare & conmler officer Rotary of the
[6291]hte of ClbcK Prekd, p-SIT)_ ;
[6293]E
[6294]r
[6295](4
[6296]2
[6297]Ee
[6298]i
[6299]E
[6301]e
[6302]4
[6303]Z
[6306]AN
[6308]| Amerionn kxtusay,
[6310]J) Another Lotter trax Universal Ploturea, datod 28 October
[6311]1959, enelosca a Second cony of the foragoing 4arigcont,
[6312]to be axncuted in Ncw Yorke - _
[6314]i Prorroestve ideas." ira, Piste planning a ‘trip to
[6315]co fo Mucho "elthor in suring or later’ cn.*
[6317]4) Personal Lotter dated 14 October 1959 tron Alvah Bese,
[6318]61372 a Qoary Beulovand, San Franeiseo 22, Colifornia.:
[6321]az.
[6324]f
[6325]p
[6326]g
[6327]3
[6328]gees
[6329]A
[6331]a
[6334]g
[6335]A
[6336]g
[6341]|
[6343]t
[6344]os !
[6345]du Seull,'27 rue ‘Jacob, Paris 6, a house ®open to . Te : i
[6346]i
[6347]i
[6348]|
[6350]. a) Lotter dated 18 October 1759 tras Lawronoe LYxTar, 31,70 7 . :
[6351]“-.. Cannon Place, Yew York 63, %e%. The witer, on adzirer a “h
[6352]of Subjoat's tooke, waa. Tocently freduated fron tho . = oo :
[6354]. : -” Kanhattan Sehool of iusig, Uo erka Subjeat to canaider
[6355]. _ writing the Ltrotte fur am opera UETON plans to eaxosg .
[6357]oa Lnole Touts Cebtn,
[6359]Se SECRET/NOFORH
[6360]oy OED com,
[6362]Sn alee : “
[6365]14-0000
[6367]a
[6369]a) data dated
[6370]- ED The lee!)
[6372]Ort oO lotter ceries 2k
[6373]Fant through Omianery,
[6375]wttelas
[6376]16. Co: MT rlasen
[6378]at yi
[6380]ley
[6382]=) Veticr date
[6384]&) fesar with ne
[6385]Slracd *lerlos,®
[6387]eI Et,
[6390]Mote, 192) simn off,»
[6391]that his nana net bo pu
[6392]She knows it's for: mae”.
[6394]. 0) Personal let
[6396]View Prive
[6401]SECRETIN
[6405]i) Coteier Ly
[6406]Cryemste. BL,
[6412]Wey Tork fity
[6414]Whe sites Miia, “Oy
[6416]up tor alncat
[6419]Uae vexfart ¢- Co Fy8 Mniglen
[6420]RRs Sutye sti y lla x
[6421](PC & Coneit
[6423]or aa
[6425]ter tron Clarice CHAPMAN
[6426]Korth Wollywoot, California, dated
[6428]4) Lottar cated L Cototor
[6430]game
[6432]* Hollywood 23,
[6434]OFORN
[6436]ocd CONTROL
[6438]+pale W 22, 4
[6440]turn a'troop, dates 28
[6442]prnsent Job, as:
[6443]which also en
[6445]29 from Eberhard Mans.
[6447]» 7728 xr.
[6448]23 Sep
[6449]1959 from Ray srrcm,
[6450]California, The wri
[6452]eals with a
[6454]we Ur abo which had boon te.
[6455]rele (500 18 = 4,
[6457](m:tENDa),
[6459]Con trast
[6461]below? _
[6463]stret Larkin.
[6465]e
[6466]of Fra. FALTZ te Frank
[6468]to Fit feet os wife, var
[6470]&. {attaclnent Ty
[6472]froa: Morris Gaomes, 9
[6473]35, California, —
[6474]ontribution ehe hed mode te
[6475]. OL iol O39 SAN Seg
[6477]i tds sven @ ‘Girer’ on Fabaie
[6479]Septarber 1959 ena
[6481]book which he
[6483]DOrentay with gems
[6484]loys ono Phir
[6486]witer, in a postecrint,
[6487]Pjunt Motte,
[6491]alt Ave.,
[6492]tanber 1959,
[6494]6917 Pocttite
[6495]ter thinks
[6497]fe for tieven Dbatag "a whieh ho end Helen
[6499]Kexton/... ie te suldened b
[6500]“Orad-auls the postacripts :
[6502]There isa d
[6504]Wo beltavo,=
[6506]ofinite- change
[6508]0) Latter frou Barthold Ples,
[6510]ary Apart,
[6511]Now York, dated 6 Oetober
[6512]writer fs ‘£)ying to der.
[6516]oaeibly Valla dal Travo,
[6518]y the death of kraste /a::417%
[6520]"Mrs Ke woo abs
[6522]Olutely consatlcnalees
[6524]Of ataonphare for tho dettar,
[6525]Literary Apart, 507 Pitth dveme,
[6526]1959 and aimed
[6528]REAR we vee. .
[6530]eS beee re tM, fp PRs te Got ge
[6532]14-0000
[6534]| See SOR -
[6535]Se ESTER] 4
[6537]Ho
[6540]roy : ,
[6543]4
[6544]"sp Me Commenermter-a°at nerced te Mrs end ee, Albers matte. ne
[6546]i
[6549]we a) lettut cated 23 Septenber 1959 fron Ethel s1Lis, 34 We wee.
[6550]: . €it5 Stat, cor Terk hy. New Yorke The weiter than - te
[6551]Ver cA isu Sore elft, eppormntly monoy, to help *tred®
[6552]att Laat mureing expewes, “Yred* fs roceveriag
[6555]b) .vcn-witemateendbtetter Intter, postnarket 16 Septenber 1959,
[6556]ule, california, Je etyned "Frances.* In the lotter .
[6558]|
[6559]r
[6561]writes that "Fernto” will take Romath MaokiicAls
[6562]- Joh et retro after the firet of the yoar, under 4 tuwe-yesrp : |
[6563]ecriveets? | . . . : -- '
[6564]° 2 . sO ; . ‘ t
[6565]~ 9) fethinr frow dune Farth tu, 11L90 Lourel Creat Drive, |
[6566]Tepe, “Stutlo City, Calitcraia, dated. 27 Septenbor 1959. Tho : we |
[6567]Te tt, ‘wiilar dlsquases pisns to visit Yexico, where sho expecta as
[6568]I
[6570]t
[6572]i
[6574]boa te arrive betawean ald=overber and Christnase
[6576](24) Svetnpe pearine ret aldress of Jana ROOTES, 56 Seventh + re 7
[6577]- Aveo, how York Ll, Sev York, poatsarked 6 Ortober 1959, oc
[6578]ferrarda ‘an invitati-m and receest for-contribution toa
[6580]. ; 1+. birtatay purse honsring the O5th birthday of A.As HELLS
[6581]+ |: 2S : 4 lav Hine Tore : 2 . :
[6583]1 @) 24 a note postanst ed 21 Oatabder 1959 Jane RNS end de bed
[6584]} Ci toe? thank te RALTrea for thair *donetions® undoubtedly a
[6585]j : tw birthday pursa Listed abovas : ,
[6587]| ood * £) Heremel letter dated 2h-October 1959 from Hax and elon.
[6591]. SHLAFROCK, 18-09 Raxlay Street, Rosedale 22, Hew Yorke eet:
[6592]We Letters from Albert FETS. (AtLactnent 13) 4 _
[6594]: | @)- The letter dated 23 Seatenber 1959 to Fr. John Me Caldor,
[6596]7 j .  Ressra,. Jom Calder, Ltde) 17 Sackville Stroot, Plecadilly, ot
[6597]Lt london U. 1, Bizland, Subject orders tienty-five copies of - co
[6598]we the cheap edition of A lohy Day dna Short Lifes . .
[6600];. B) BAM and éhesk sect te Cosley's Pipe Purveyors and Sackera®
[6601]“| -  Suppliva, 5109 Wilshire Bivd., Loo Angeles 35, Califarndes
[6603]. @) Letter dated 9 october 1959 4s éddressed to Mr. Harry
[6605]1
[6608]i
[6610]; "ot .  Mabibuy California, Subject thanks wr. BAREGS for a letter. -
[6611]Poe 0 0)).* a’ bad verdtten on. 29 acril, in which PARES ‘praised. Subjeotts -
[6612]to) te eek and sifpéated ba send a copy of it to: re foward GILL.
[6614]| . ; . _ a Sudjest, in addition, deséribes en investigation be hod ©
[6616]Pai of te Sesh CER EFTDEORN
[6617]— Rnrtles CONTROL
[6619]: 7 - -
[6620]1
[6622]SPRAITAMAQOM _
[6624]eis g
[6626]J
[6627]1
[6628]|
[6629]|
[6630]t
[6631]i
[6632]|
[6633]rr . ‘ j
[6634]We Biwr BAUS; 3199.vost Pacifia Coast Mehsay, TID 2, — a |
[6636]1
[6637]1.
[6638]i
[6641]14-0000
[6643]mM Pig
[6645]Se eT NET ERA a tp emnn ees ee
[6647]nt. a) An envelope addressed to Pr. Beerhant MUNIN, Eny-lisehos
[6648]re Institut.- ber Universitat Loipaig, Uuivorsitatatr. de Se
[6649]oO mee feipste, CL, anclosop a docuzont in the Corman languages
[6650]The docunent concerng an anondcont to a publishers! ‘across.
[6651]pant, dated 15 kay 1957, batween Aafosu-Verler, a pudliohing
[6653](va ren i avwe Weere . . \
[6655]os _ oi ine LONTROL
[6657]ewe, wt
[6659]. housa in Perlin, and Albert MALTZ, for. ths printing of
[6660]rc three of Bubjectte workae: Ge Wwe a above/ .
[6661]7 coc F-V/751,639 : oo
[6662]i : Attachzentas ww (aa doocribed above) oe : rn a
[6663]1 Wi/3/roxtoo/tardén’s faa 5 2 Deoanber 1959 be
[6664]i > Distributions” BASED ONa IDMA-13705 (3 Sept $9) |
[6665]Orige & 1 = Addressee ce . iMA~13790 (25 Sept 59) -
[6666]- NL = RI (201-5239) -  IRMA-13846h (2 Oct a °
[6667]1 = CI/LIA . I2MA=13992 (9 Oct 59
[6668]‘1 = CI/ReA IMMAW13909 (9 Oct 59
[6669]l-cYsD - | W7A-13957 3 Oct Bb
[6670]2 - Mil ftexteo ; HOLA~1L064 (13. Kor 59
[6671]1 = WH/Hold PROBLY “aan /
[6672]: 4
[6673]: Jf Pd
[6674]. : i 7 ae ~| oy
[6675]vote lope
[6676]| pMergy de OR
[6677]7 '
[6678]a a iio. { ofc
[6679]js .
[6680]7 i, - f297
[6681]oe ———+
[6684]14-00000
[6687]tae a ———- .
[6688]* Bate (RES! os i O5¢i- es a
[6689]Bg
[6690]a %, .
[6691]ig Ne,
[6692]4 tte 1585
[6693]weauDa! Foe Diroter AM COURS CON
[6694]_ Hier menue nr? - NO:
[6695]Attowtoa: b>, a. 2, eae °
[6696]BUVECT = nates Eran kunt
[6697]sO plone <T f/f.
[6698]Dawe Fila kuter 62-2409 leg fs .
[6699]| |
[6701]2. = haa. Owe to au attartion trot a a senattivo BouMe
[6702]Of known roltatility thas Jeurioo Deana Evi “RTI, who te realiling.
[6703]fa ¥oovw, Gor, is isn te u ° folioving fauviinies
[6705]Movant, | FATTO y ard witoy WPrakite® FASTOY.
[6707]2 ia belfoval that, Dontasd F900 ta Commnotedt wath ohins
[6708]Colontal Prah tomimaturing Corrare, ‘Iécnt-oF ot Ya
[6709]tea ‘treet harth, Uoston, Peassdhaetta, atte Tite REPLY a mT D Pec. fp G
[6710]_ 3. 245 ofttes tos ms infration § Sdertifinile with ‘either
[6711]~ BonJanin or "Spedlie” Fact. Ve “6 voull arpreatiats being fumntsheg
[6712]ary partinont dntaratiog o oa the FATING that may bo eunteleed ia
[6714]yao Niles,
[6715]AM 32; aaah! RY cotta) ean),
[6716]. Soe eeag Janos Abglotoe
[6717]“sae wor 7
[6718]“BII/I57 5106 .
[6719]" Distribution: _
[6720]: Wir, &1 ~ Adldroasoe
[6722]: &: “uA To an Ss Loe Lot
[6723]£07 (ola) oe a fo.
[6724]: 3a c/s . Ss ’ _ oO if.
[6725]“Sateen tae © eee: ter vay os ye? 7
[6726]| a 7 _
[6727]: er; penn oo :
[6728]™ ' fre tT fry = 2-2 a. *.
[6730]4 Ise. 59"
[6732]Poy. 7 28 Sh)
[6736]14-0000
[6738]-, tet -
[6739]|
[6741]Atteched copy of letter taken from [00—AeL3957 dated 23 Yet, 59 (has been CSCINd to
[6743]“|
[6744]. !
[6745].
[6746]Attachment gives: address of HALPEEIN as
[6747]; Se * : | Kutuzovsky Prospect, 13 4
[6748]de - Apt. 127 Ss | ,
[6749]Koscow G=2))8 . i
[6750]a |
[6751]A _ Lotter dated 26 Sep 59 and addrwsrdto Albert and Horgorat HALTS dn Mexico.
[6752]_ Note: re first pera of letter, LIBIGHT/LE-UD has not shown that any clippings
[6753]is earlier . .
[6754]i . or pictures were. enclosed in/correspendenca to HALPFRIN ‘ 7
[6755]i i"
[6756]: - 4
[6757]! .
[6758]a “ . - t
[6759]“ween ~ ae see a ee 4
[6763]14-0000
[6765]Ss aot see tiny réemlader « the date on ease elip, Slcase, towr acore wits
[6767]Ler
[6769]Sogt.
[6771]we purst out bhat sour letter of Sept. ty
[6772]) «ae pane pic She enrataps ats earry dousle
[6773]ire. 30 wat Sarpens! © error -r ferage 8 Omess ike te tase
[6774]of caren, Got the ole wl or tipilcete sete cf fies for the
[6775]Nervtitage, TANS © the eavelipe. wae oat ettinely torreetly
[6776]eet ol 127, a- cnseretantaole alte). Fiease nate
[6777](iovse sof an rogetregi, 9 8
[6779]. Antiwwito tell ow C10) antl were very “gzy to get your | ‘
[6780]setter, fe can eee Jran-y-olert Uergret and “arep-slet Albert Pnitting
[6781]"SRY Ot the aewatore aad dor lee. Ve mal] want to hear whoa thes vkg- ,
[6783]“ #¥eate t-bee slece: againg or beet wietes to Peter ant wepoea, wos
[6785]Toegart get cco aay stipe. Kargeoeea, a Cull apood ahead. -
[6787]respes® to onatee of clipe te very high --rI'@ cay gbeet. OSf of when rea
[6788]wend te of Cop t-tereat An aftortinveal that troubles me ---l' ep .
[6789]reckoned up tre postage s;eat ant it's manlag @ignty align. ;
[6791]Alnert, pany
[6792]hae act yot arrived, but
[6793]for 1598,
[6795]mis ra the SY psteriaie, Pho 1657 dorvey oo
[6796]22 let you tmoe. det I hast wo on tie loat-out
[6798]. Se mueh appreciste the Movededon oeprivsent, re sacle,
[6799]Still feed stamed ty Sie domch, Thad men 2 stiwulating cozversattsg
[6800]vith Rim Pers ast Fotruary, ead we were to oontieus so Bhs aert cfait
[6802]ilitle by Utilo, cates getting betrer organised. To are (ee |
[6803]a telaptose shortly, ehich vill tnprove Iivieg efflaieary easmuaiy, nese -
[6804]Also, roars wad 7 toll havo Salk blow Fosesra) assistant, at tees: = ia% 4 .
[6805]‘b noed to leil you whet that cil! gong. fo, wile ws da°4 doatd cory .
[6807]shoe? at the pare af the noon rosketa, we're not etaagirg etill aithar.
[6809]“Ne wuGie sracey te $0 = evct O69 cer Mirst conzert day-beforne
[6810]porterday.Ue.¢ te ond teparteent thst fe os the howl af seals roctetey
[6811]eo fer as quality 40 soncerme’, Ee've asver haé i co goed befare,.
[6813]“atom pow'l! gtro cur vory Wot regarés to all cur gaod
[6815]friends,
[6817]“ buehoe abraroe frea Riieh a
[6819]?.3. ‘Any neve abcat $89. 114:le meicass tatter af care wo eabed yan to aut
[6820]Acadle? arg sews about a Mesias editics of ‘srr Sarco") 1 seks
[6821]poo Remacya = exe still bas uy eopy of tim tock. NR
[6823]Sot
[6827]a
[6831]septa isan muaehe,
[6834]14-0000
[6836]Me We eg
[6838]bd . Dif, — 6 A
[6839]SECRET t ir ~~
[6841]~“
[6842]: . CBee Filiod fey
[6844]SUBJLCT OF DOCUMENT
[6846]ry
[6847]PO SCURCT CAVP TON + DATE OF tned. fo. evatuaTion
[6849]? Lote |
[6851]aS anauvet oe ~ [0. Gate Paocasite vO. DUSSIMINATIO Im
[6852]SOCUMENT OISPOSITION
[6854]V2. CROSS REFEARES 10 THIS FILE vs TRANSFURRED ta. * ee
[6855]ot ee me 7m rie wo. . : . .
[6857]PERTINENT INFORUAT ION
[6859]a : en 2912000066
[6861]4 - * . . . a .
[6862]SO ge SRAMASIZTTS 0 PSFRY
[6863]eo DOR 1g ON" 59 en
[6866]201-128561
[6867]oo, AND ARE NOW LIVING IN USSR .
[6868]. CONTACT OF INSTEREST OF THE SEBORERS; CO
[6870]7 CORRECTION CARO OS oo
[6871]7 FORMERLY 201-66459 a 7
[6873]$2
[6875]Tenhee [ar
[6881]SECRET
[6883]MOTHER OF DAVID HALPERIN. SUBJ AND HER be
[6886]14-00000
[6889]. RHE LeViN \
[6891]CONTMES EC
[6893]| | 2
[6894]Memo Ko. 112/P
[6895]|
[6897]_ SUBJECT: Hascow Addresses Found in Pocket Hotebook of 2 wt _ re
[6898], Anna Sparer SEBORER (201-66549+) : 4) i
[6899]4 .
[6901]REP 1 ONHA~15692, 10 Aprtt 1959. on a . ha
[6903]de the following Moscow addresses were found in the pocket notebook ote
[6904]of 4aua Gparer BEBORER; photceoples of Subject's affects were made on ; 7
[6905]8 April 1959 ond were transmitted to headquarters under reference, 4
[6906]a. Prof. Maurice: HALPERIN . i
[6907]“~~ Eutugovakiy Prospekt: 19 i ;
[6908]_ House 4, Apt i
[6909]| b. Re KATZIN |
[6911].. : ‘ Housa 24, Apt. 21 ;
[6912]fo. vs * Hipgeowy Tel. Bo. K 792663. }
[6913]po ee ¢. Ana TRLEPHEVA woe “fp -
[6914]ooo cre Yaslovka Verkhn. ulites 7 a
[6915]: ee Apt. 53. :. 1.
[6916].. _ Moscoy ; f
[6917]an ; (Burique de tos Ri0s) j
[6918]‘A flagging request an the above individuals has been placed with 5R/6/POS - i
[6919]| for-pall coverage, vith the understanding the undersigned will bo notified a
[6920]of any letter intercepte. : a / . oe ey
[6921]” . ; : ; RON KIT BRE} | ’
[6922]“Be The last known residence of Maurice HALPERIN (201-2850539) ant hia t.
[6923]-.. WAfG tas Csechéslovekia, MEXI 3532 (1H 34979), 21 March 1959, Sources. i.
[6924]LIVEAT, reporte that “on 18 March Anon told ira. Albert HALTZ that sho had ho.
[6926]‘written Hrs. Maurice HALPERIN telling her not to bother andvering but just
[6928]g
[6930]2
[6932]E
[6933]f
[6934]|
[6936]E
[6938]t in touch with the HALPERIMs on her recent visit to Koscov, a March «
[6939]Apel, 1959. : 7 iS eh
[6940]3. ere is no identifiable trace on R. EATZIN. 20 ~/EESS]
[6942]f
[6943]pe
[6944]g fk
[6945]a
[6947]i
[6950]ea Cire = ee ee
[6951]raiyebue b
[6952]Uni
[6956]. \
[6958]ps TRES GON TROL
[6960].
[6961]. PA
[6962]SUT G haa - _
[6963]Coe Pi, wakes
[6964]KARZ By
[6966]wet bree. ;
[6968]&.  Barique de‘los RI0$ my be ideatien! with Farique do los Rig
[6969]Lavin (201--1099363) of the ALTO Cass. Ben-12013, 26 January 1959, - os '
[6970]Source: LIVEAT, reports that de los RIUS “vas: cpparently recently in the. :
[6972]5.. Fora possible
[6973]to find this letter,
[6974]Distribution:
[6976]1 + cI/smp
[6978]i. ~ mrmoes sr/ce/P
[6980]* SECRET): G70RN
[6982]. COME
[6984]a trace on Ana TRLEPHEVA see OSKA-6782, 21 NE 7. a
[6985]. which refers to a Miss A, TRIRPTEVA, resideut of. Hoscoy vio had witter ns i
[6986]to find thin repens RVaMed to SYS. Mm attempt to currently being unde
[6988]a7 ean isp (nee, ores seman)
[6995]is ‘to WE/5 a copy of thig
[6997]SR/CR/P
[6999]rd .
[7000]| 7 ag Fo
[7001]pei JE ESS
[7003]Ue) CONTROL
[7006]14-0000
[7008]Pa et ~
[7009]4
[7010]a aa
[7011]. . ; ._ “SECRET
[7012]. os oe ; fren Filled In) a
[7013]DOCUMENT TRANSFER AND CROSS REFERENCE
[7014]SUBJECT OF DOCUMENT - . at OOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION ‘
[7015]rere . .
[7016]mr FALE NO,
[7017]i aa Jeo eate Pam cesses
[7018]L 4 . . 7 . COCUMENT rE ISPOSITION
[7019]: +]'d) C@OSs aerecanga to Tas Lary & . 12. TRANSFERRED To
[7020]i . . ae. Fite NO.
[7021]+ : PERTINENT INFORMATION
[7023]a Be nen Bo rene wae ~
[7024]i 7 nS LPERIN, MAURICE  291-005239 -
[7025]poy we ee “Dag et E
[7026]PO 008 HMMA 12965 PALR
[7027]I : a . - 29 MAY :
[7028]: , ' CIT ? , : a 7 39 .
[7029]: - 201-128561— Lo po. LoS ee
[7030]i CONTACT OF MARGARET MALTZ AND ROSER?-
[7031]ROGERS, "59. a
[7032]7 : . .
[7033]J ; 3
[7034]i
[7035]|
[7036]7 . i 4
[7038]: i
[7039]c ‘
[7040]; a AF Msg SF
[7041]. PILc THIS FORE IN FILE NO. > 7 SL;
[7042]037.867 WOE OaLoroee cer esene, SECRET (os ean
[7043]i os a . 7
[7044]i ' _
[7046]Mean eeamae
[7048]14-0000
[7050]. earns
[7051]hee teed, sae TR eS MediteerBT i ts, EMR ap ey
[7053]wey emtte  tt . TMPEREiY,
[7054]ROR, Foe CPT AT Oe, De a anes
[7055]. i xi route | : ° ree
[7057]PEOUIT
[7059]1 gereationag [=e - 24
[7060]$ “east EOLA TE ;
[7063]Ope aaa
[7066]BOWS, FRAN, BSL woo. ; a - DAIRY
[7068]: Lena Hee tft! Yas a
[7069]. gre TI 20532 (eT 70668) (ors Pe HT BAH, ute.)
[7071]i 4).~-
[7072]sain SE Sy
[7074]3. anent RALTé, \RITER Ab DER
[7075]“QM FOUR OF SUQOFS NIV RIFE TRAVELLIRU USOND LAW GURTADN AnD MA CONTACT ALFRED
[7076]sacra’ Sram XD HIS WIFE HARVHA pom STAR Any PRTRICS AND EDT KALPERDN:ANSRICaN ©
[7078]@ ADA a, GeRNTTOT uo MUTCD EITY,
[7080]SSCS wo FAD EOD Tas CATAL DDN PAST NO TNS.
[7081]_ Re SURBTTE ANATVE RONG 3 MA ADD TAS PROS TSE A | _ Ta Fis Tha. LY FOR
[7083]ms. sa mo PRA 19 MAY ESTE WEA ALLA ET LO.
[7085]‘he RALE2 BORE 2 bee 08 wow Tia. D5 19S DGD AS POLLAN FIVE
[7087]i
[7088]|
[7089]‘ e aay 39 198, BRITISH WSOPEAR OkeRALTIR AIRLEES HLT 57. sas Ee) 10: _ mh
[7091]weTUHR, 355, Stam, | HACE WAIR, GHEY SS, DARK
[7093]& “Fane SIE HE UP pO TALL,
[7095]es
[7097]Se ety spec Ben ew om
[7099]oe
[7101]Re Beet etc p41 aa pW AE Pa
[7103]14-0000
[7105]So SOME: BOTS YTIMER\RY CHAMGR YEOH REP, =
[7107]‘0D Comments Stated HALTS ‘would be tn ROHR } toys. Requested ba: ayo search and
[7108]. ‘ “mpvetlanco, - oo ee
[7110]ML cancel bi NG abies date
[7112]nT ES
[7118]Qo A Fall ins sees
[7119]chek: 2 OP a hnaa SR/CE/P AR, or Pag) : on
[7121]AVIFEMICHtIMG DIercad
[7124]as
[7125]1 bese ne oben ty
[7127]“
[7129]eo RBPRODUC BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICES PROMIBITED. eam ma
[7131]i a Roe
[7133]es lies anne
[7135]Woe 2 8 oe
[7137]14-0000
[7139]_ ORHA-15692, 10 Apr 593 "HEE STMPATHIZER/ LCHAYFOWL; Anna, SEBORER ~
[7140]_ transaittel « of ‘Faotooonies § of pessport, pocket notebook, - ‘letters, :
[7142]. .
[7143]o
[7144]2.
[7145]aN
[7146]a
[7147]a
[7148]. cece pe nee eee N
[7150]"J. aitebox belonging to Aan. Spare SEROUR ws Botograhod an of
[7151]8 April 1959 ‘and contained the following address: .
[7153]Prof. Maurice Halperin .
[7154]‘Ratasoveky Prospect 13
[7155]Bouse’ Pe Aapt 127
[7158]i
[7160]fo Apr $7
[7162]BO- 728 Sh
[7164]Ean ene tS A:
[7167]14-0000
[7169]. } ~~ coy au ] - (oy
[7170]Ofc . ta. “woes Gg 28°? .
[7171]UNIT ED WN - I. : i
[7172]Mr. DER oO Ue eee
[7174]Sanaa! 1S Fa 0:
[7176]ea ee
[7177]TO. -THS RAGOR, ROT Neve hound Vole. Dever, = [7]
[7179]. we . AI file this pp as lndicoerd REC'D A r
[7180]FROM, DIRECTOR — . : Neanch oy dived a8 tnd irnendt O | frourne| c ALE E SECT
[7181]- . . . aK Tawa, es on . ee Tos . -
[7182]i e Merbed Nom aan
[7183]cont, WH 5  henesh
[7184]"nto, Cle | z gles, oie, ot a ren ath, woh,
[7186]“70. RGU, ROE pi iev
[7188]th baw, ge! . ;
[7190]: Lenu ove “nae a
[7192]: 1, -AUBERT ‘aeta,’: “meen AND Mac BER oF AVERICHI casinist GROUP P KEXICO +
[7194]igh RENINO “TRON CumraD! AND FAT Coeract
[7195]‘ UaTaita ven sans “a igeaumsc ‘xd Bort
[7196]“itl COWT “WMO FLED BENIN TRON, “ough DURING PAST T¥0 YEARS,
[7197]2. DEVAKTING HONTitekE. FOR AUSTERDAK 15 477A. wont 8 REMATI UNTIL 20 APRIL,
[7199]AND REMALN UNTIL 7 KAY,
[7201]3. ON 3 MAY WELL ARRIVS RAS FRO
[7202]ae iF POSSLU.N AND FeaciR.s, RE oot LISISON CONDUCT BACGAGE SSARCI AND -
[7204]SUNVSILLANGS, if
[7205]5. KALT2 Pen 24 UEC 3908 HE Nt ye IN 1954 DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS:
[7207]“FIVE FSET SUX ONE ALF sure STALL, WRIGHT 155, STOCKY, BLAGK HAIR, Giusy KYRS,
[7209]DARK con: SX1ON, ~ A ; oe
[7211]: i . . END OF }:
[7212]_ 2 fey .
[7213]Conn NATION
[7215]a e : 7 - . | use 22d _ _ __
[7216]“cx/seu/at —K
[7218]Pp UIVSOV CB FR, KNOWLES (BY HIONE)}.
[7219]i Buse Ch Miattane . ‘ou s(pecah, (BE, se)
[7221]FA onsen Pop SSOREY
[7223]. 72813890 ; "REPRODUCTION BY CNT AN Sidi SSINGOFFICE 1S PROHIBITED. \ Copy No08
[7224]\e eee a 7) ay
[7225]: Po Ao1-1 285 Sel
[7228]14-0000
[7232]- (bt Dre
[7233]— SECRET a
[7235]CBMen Pil tae gan
[7237]Da UME NT intar IFICATION
[7239]RU FILE NO,
[7241]TT Deseatcw GN SOUMCE DOC. gvwodL no.
[7244]. te Tavs Rerewate ‘Yo mis vite :
[7245]HALPERIN, MAURICE _ 201095229
[7246]: 005 2. - OIR -20832 ; a
[7247]an | on 06 APR 59 ; . :
[7248]: : CiT USA .
[7249]i . 201-1285618
[7250]AMERICAN COMMIE, .
[7251]: MAY EE CONTACTED BY ALBERT MALTZ /201-
[7252]: pan? 4HO tS ON TOUR CF EUROPE WITH WIFE .
[7253]NO TRAVELLING BEHIND IRON CURTAIN. ; :
[7255]j :
[7257]| i
[7258]t t
[7260]} i
[7262]3 {
[7263]|
[7265]SECRET . Oia :
[7268]4
[7270]14.90000
[7272]_ MEXI 3532 (in 34979), 21 MARCH 1959
[7273]On 18 March 1959, “Anna Sparer SEBORER told Mre. Albert MALTZ that
[7275]. abe haa vritten Hea. Maurice. HALPERIN | telling ‘her not to bother angvering.
[7276]but "just to Leavé tae: information for me." MALPZ had heard fron HALPERIN
[7278]i
[7279]j
[7280]of
[7281]5
[7283], and had “the address” for Anna. SOURCE: LIFEAT (B), 23 Feb to 18 Mar.
[7287]I
[7288]at IA 37 :
[7289]. adel I ZF S64.
[7290]; 7
[7292]14-0000
[7294]1
[7296]0) uncassteten eat 0 cor-seerar C1. secret
[7298]ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
[7302]COMMENTS (Number tach romment to show from whom
[7303]to whom, Drow @ line across column after ech comment.)
[7305]2S JAN 1959.
[7307]Sp rats eee neon
[7309]| SB. 60 vemos (7) SECRET =] CONFIDENTIAL [J Nal CO) unctassitieo
[7311]Len aie ee et - - we Tee ws - — -* Nee cee
[7313]14-0000
[7316]- Geont ot
[7317]- CONTINEED CONTPOL
[7321]TC: Dire tar. ‘
[7322]Federal Bureau of Inve tice tion : wd
[7323]-' Attention: Mrs S. J. ich : .
[7325]fe,
[7327]a
[7329]FROM? —-Doputy Direotor, Plans. |
[7330]SULT youre Hyman JUALIN
[7331]ST AS OTE PL Ne occ
[7333]1. Referenca to kndo to cur teletyred ressase of 2 Hovenbar _
[7334]1958 end to previous oorreapomtenca scnserntng Subject's trawl
[7335]“with his wife’ fron Mexioo, tirengh ‘wstern B Burepe, to Prague,
[7336]Czschoalovakia. i
[7340]i
[7342]2. Enalosed for your “Snforeation is a copy of a rorort, free
[7343]an official Sulas souree, of Subjeet's aetivities in Syitrarlend
[7344]from 15 Ootober 1958 to 10 Hovenber. Alav enclosed arms rhotogopies
[7345]of letters fron Subject and. his wifo to cambers of ths family in
[7347]the United Stated.
[7349]3. The David EFRCN pentfoned in both the official Sidoa repart
[7350]ard Subjeqt's letters ws deserited ty « usually reliable cseurce on ; :
[7351]18 August 1947.3 an Argentine citieon vho ws a Commmist Party = lt ;
[7352]Renter of long standing} urcior cowr of hie Intertational ‘Laber :
[7353]Crganieatian (ILO) avaiguvanta EFRCK wae touting latin Azsriea te . i
[7354]apes. ths Cemmntiat positicn ani strength within the Inbor frasw- So, :
[7355]‘work af each country viaitod. Another usually raliable qoisve iP
[7356]reported in February 1941 that RFROY hed been a specialist in Latin - ta MP
[7357]Amorioan affaire foo the ILO mtil ts fell of 197, ond that he . oy
[7358]hed beon répeatedly reported as a Conmniat and olosely associated ;
[7359]with Vicente LG:RDO Toledano, president of the Carfedarasien de los i .
[7360]Trabajedored de America Latina (CTAL) and aeeretsry-ganaral of the |
[7361]Partido Popular (FP = Merxist. Party of Mexico). A David EFROX, _ :
[7362]‘Rentionod in your reperts of 23 dums 1952 and A Jomuary 1952, :
[7363]sppeara to bo identical th EIRGE. / : 4
[7365]be This information ia fren a usually reliable ant highly :
[7366]sensitive source and should not be dissonina ted furtier. ; oF
[7368]CS01~3/753,048 , Oo ; . . ,
[7370]_ Bnclosureas . - eo
[7371]1-Reporé =). ne oO oe 7
[7372]t
[7374]“3 =< Fhotoeenies of lotters
[7376]| a Sa ee Te ee
[7378]14-00000
[7380]Save NOFO. - (COM vocd CUNTUL
[7382]w/a/P.'s ct Jelson tag , 14 Jamary 1959
[7385]Orig. and 1 - Addressee a
[7387]Te a re
[7389]1 — WH/3/MEx. ; LO
[7390]1- - MY/3/IET/Subject Coa a
[7391]Based ons gsm7gg re
[7392]2. BSBAA776600- or SO ‘
[7393]TPL-137 (aug '47) ,
[7394]_YSEU-2697 (Feb 151)
[7396]: Project Cryptenym: INANITION
[7398]-)
[7399]'
[7401]S$
[7402]8
[7403]Q
[7405]8
[7407]“AUruaus
[7409]COR qed Cont aL
[7411]4-00000
[7413]fe
[7415]eo FNVED CONTRUL
[7417]Attschoent to Osc2-3/753,0£3
[7419]: 4a a supplement to bits of Lnfurzatios bt Sserto orally transattted here
[7420]a is a surmrize? accow:t an tho movements and activittes af
[7422]‘ ' SALPSLIX Maurfdee, aliss PASKXR Pantal,- --—-—--
[7423]- born 3.3.1N%, IS citisen, eccnomist,
[7424]mrried to Eiith; doniciia! ‘ocellin 3-9, a
[7426]Hexico 7, pe : . Lose ‘ . f .
[7428]during his sojourn in Suitserland fron 9 Ceteber to.10 Kovesbor 1958:
[7430]On 15 Ogtoter subject ani his vife arrived by alr fron LISRON «-
[7431]: / at tho Hotel "Schveizerhof® in ZIRICH, On 18 October he end hie wife
[7432]; took the, 1320 A. train to CENEVA, where they staynd at the Hotel
[7433]: .  "Bernins’. On 19 Ostober, 170 = 1900 E,, he-visited
[7435]poo EEEGH David, born 149.104, oftisen af !3GERTNE, | ae mY
[7436]. “ Gonséllor with tha ILO in G'sva, coniclied a . d
[7437]Avome Arrire Gide 2, CHEXSHOXTRIES/OEENA, ce
[7439]a On 20 Ostober at GFNEVA be inquired at a local travel agoney for tho
[7440]a . yossibilities of a flight fron ZiRICH te PraGUE. Cy that day tho ode
[7441]: HALPER IN"a traveled by train (leaving GEIEVA at 1245-3) to ZURICH, BB
[7442]where they occupied 9 room at tho "Sehwaiserhof® again. At 1890 He - i
[7443]subjest visited the infarmtion office of tte Zurich rain station to: - ; :
[7444]; lesrn about train Gonnestions for TRACTE ard far LIMANO. Qi 21 Catober, j
[7445]Py ‘dn ansver to a telophone ¢nll, he visited the Gzech Consulate Gereral i
[7446]ao in ZiRICH, vhere he stayed from O%0 ~ 15 $. At 1630 i. he vent to {
[7447]Dob, consult the “Svissair® informtion desk st the nein station. iia stated. i
[7448]; that be possessed a flight-tieket taxicowiishon-Zurich-Tel-aviv, but i
[7449]had no definite booking 90 fsr an? wanted hig luggage to be stored at -
[7450]- toe 1
[7451]|
[7452]t
[7453]|
[7455]: :  Roten airport for the tins being. -f3 then railed letters to
[7457]‘ oD) Bre Dovid C. HALP-RIG, 5412 South University Ave., CHICAGO/ 11.3
[7458]2) He. Thoodare HALFFRIN & family, 22, fahler Aves, MILTOX/ Mons.3-
[7459]3) Rabbi & Mra. Tillel Camman, 4 do Kald Fliee, MOPRISTOWH/ Noy Jersey;
[7461]4) ira. Annio FRISCH, 17 Beach Road, LYGX/ Massachusettes;.
[7463]lottera 1 ~ 3-are of sintlay Gontents. P tnt cepte: !
[7464]are attached. : , ; a a
[7466]At 1030 H. ho inqufred at the “Sdssair® office for any comumi- .
[7467]cation that my have como in for hin, : . — a
[7469]BG Cn 22 Ootober Subject negotiated with the XM airtravel office
[7470]oo o- for cancelling of his 2 flight tickets te Tel-aviv avi refundings
[7472]os Gn 23 Cotober at 0925 H, he inquired atthe infarmtion offtes -
[7473]: : +, Of the Fecoral Railways about train ectmections to Fs2IS an! fares.
[7474]toot At 1025 FE. he ontered the Ceeeh Consulate Cereral, but reap;eared in
[7475]Jf . the street 3 minutes later. ; oO :
[7476]“OPS IAT Ruri . oo
[7477]Seok ve. RaUED CONTROL
[7480]14-0000
[7482]Fed 9 a ONTROL
[7484]oeunkT NOFORN CONEINSTD CONT
[7485]‘As of 23 Catober HALE PIN had nace three telephone eallat om to
[7486]CERT, trlesheto/insel, Cmrasenstr. 14, ann to Carlo ToBLT AsGes ©
[7487]zurich, home in Fuesnacht; ant one to SCHIP, Zurlohs ALL af the. above
[7488]’ i
[7490]‘are either tinber and lucber torortera or dealers.
[7492]Cn 24 October the counlo visited the Ceooh Consulate General nt
[7493]1025 He where they remincd. far 25 minutes. At1110 H. they went to
[7494]the amex bar of tha Zurich Untveraity. HALITRIN then visited for 30 _
[7495]mimites the Seminwy for social economics, oormercial eciorees and
[7497]statistics. At 1515 H. HALFERIN vont to 4 travel ngency to cash a
[7499]cheque of 50 $.
[7501]On 25 Ootober HAIFERIN inquired for trains coparting for DOAN |
[7502]and obtained wmrious :rosrectus of this town. . From 1025 = 1055: He
[7504]gouple called at te Czech Consulate Goneral. (n the-way back ey
[7505]-ehanged 200 2; at 1311-1, they left by train for LUCANO,
[7507]. Up to this date the couple had not received any visitors and 9s
[7508]far as could bo ascertained had no suspicious telephone calls witle |
[7509]Staying. in ZUPICH. They ostenaibly omienvored to cut down expensea |
[7510]to a ninimm, taking meals in cheap restaurants or laying fond to bs
[7511]eaten In their room at tho hotel. Tho lugenge ceposited at doten aire
[7512]Port waa diserretly sesrchod. Tho personal balorzings were of rather
[7513]poor qunlity. A list showed that they had sold furniture and house=
[7514]hold goods prior to. their derarture fron Mexteo.s Amongst various ;
[7515]articles there. were also two pocket editians of dictionnartes in Chinnse ~
[7516]and Ruseian. All this and their deresnour sewed to indicate that tho
[7518]couple plan to settle definitely dn the Faste
[7519]At 1625 H.-of 25 October the couple arrived. at LIGANO, vhere they
[7521]| -Fented a Foon.at tho hote? garni "LUX" for 3 or 4 dayae
[7523]‘en 26 ‘Ostobor they wnt. on an excursion to the Monte Bre. At 17H
[7525]” He of that day HALFFRI! inquired at tle main post office Car the telephona
[7527]waster of a certain Alfred STE? Nin PAGUE. No such extension was found —
[7528]in the dietary, howevare
[7530]On.27 Ostober they mado an an outing to Ganoarate and Canptote and
[7531]baok to LUGANO. . .
[7533]Ca 23 Ostober HALFFRIN again vent to the telephone exoharge at
[7534]0915 He vhere he asked to be connected with: lesrro PENA in PRAGE, Hr.
[7535]67856. Tho partner in IRAGUE, being absont, the call wis postroned to
[7536]tho afternoons Jt went. through at 1640 F. and a certain
[7537]answared the call'on the munber inticrted. NAITRIN talked ia Srantab,
[7538]announcing himself aa Prefesser Maurizio HALFYRN from Mexico. Ha
[7539]explained that he was a frien of LOURIENC, with vhoa they (the partaers
[7540]on the phere) had aceidentally mst last year at the shop af |
[7542]“ARENARFS, At present he (HALFRD!) ws staying in LOGAKO- and waiting
[7544]for the visa to go to PRAGUE. ‘There he vould like te find his Arerican
[7546]friends, the ST RE ferily, vhow hia partner should also know. Ha then
[7547]wanted to knov Vien LoeeDe De would arrive in FLASUR frer ‘Erica,
[7549]-
[7555]FQ
[7556]Oa a - CONT: NUED CONTROL
[7558]ne SEE idee
[7561]14-0000
[7563]os
[7565]per
[7567]CONT ce CONTROL
[7569]Uo : (protmble ictentittes: ‘
[7570]_ . isi, Lazaro: Trace Union Secretary sf CURL: viecerresicent
[7572]i . : of Cuban C.P, & sexbor Executive Counail af WRG.
[7573]po LUBAIrG, Vincente, b. 16.7,12%, Mexican citirer, can.
[7575]| . ; MexicoCity, artistss, Villa Cirecon $y
[7577]i ‘ . Trade Tiion leader; reeber of WFC; sember of cresidiun
[7579]‘De ARTS, Berta: no record.)
[7581]} .
[7583]H 2) October the HALF BIN's left LARC at OX Ez by trnin
[7585]: for ZURICH. In@ing their sofamn-at beim to contacts ef the couple
[7586]: with strangers were wade; thoy vent for wits at random in tow ar
[7587]in the vicinity, bought papers and reriocissts by tho deren, but did
[7588]tot receive any mil or telephone calle. . .
[7590]-. At 1253.8. of 29 Cotober they, arrived in. TF ICH, vent to the
[7591]Hotel "Sshveirorhof* ami later to: the Sueck Comminte General. At 1550 H _
[7592]Subject inquired at the [LY airling sgeney about refunding for the a
[7593]tiekats to Tel-Aviv, but the agency hed not recsived direstions fron
[7594]; Amstercar yet. of a, .
[7596]: ; ; Qn 30 Ostebr the couple ognin vert to. the Czech Consulate Coneral
[7598]: at-1035 H. ant remined there for 75 ximutes. AS 1225 2, HALPERIN
[7600]i : inguired at ths Kuond Travel Ageray about tourist visas to Praguo and
[7602]! ‘a5 given the neoocsary forms to fill in. ‘base be returned to the —
[7604]a - ayenoy at 1410 H. together vith the rassports. At 1715 Re he mdled -
[7606]: tuo letters to - ; -
[7607]Hr. David C. WALPERIN, 5411 South Gaiversity Awe., CEICAGC/ D2.
[7608]Rabbi & Mrs. Iillel CAN@An, 4 de Falb Flens, MPRIsTOWR/ B,J.
[7610]Thatastel contes (mmbsred 5 & 6) of tha contents aro attached.
[7612]: Qa 31 October the KALFRDi's noved frem Fotel ®Semeisarhof®
[7613]te. ths oheapsr hotel *Limmathof*,.. On this cay they fimally received
[7614]the requested refund. by the ALM airlins"s offisg,. . ; .
[7616]Mentay, 10 Kovester the roquested tourist visas vere losued to
[7618]_ the. EALPSRIN's, valid for.6 days and inclucing Hotel reservations for
[7620]+. Saye at Sw.Pre. 23. = per person, | They inmoctately deperted by train” ©"
[7621]-and left Suitserland via Bhe/ratl at 124 &. for Austria, traveling
[7623]en 2nd. olasa tickets ZPISHOPUGi . Se
[7624]be _ - In the porfod of 32 Ootober to 10 Kowenber the courte did not -
[7625]j make cr recoive any talephano calls ami hed 29 visitors, nar did they
[7627]. 29 Hovenbar 19582
[7629],
[7631]7
[7633]a ‘ .
[7634]we
[7635]'
[7638]. . . A S ee oF I"
[7641]wevanwch CONTROL yay ft v€/)
[7644]14-0000
[7650]OP PSO Tarr rereers aUe BAL coer eos
[7654]optic
[7656]Spy re gmne oge pecene eae
[7658]7
[7660]ASUS thet gern ew mentees oe
[7663]“FROM:
[7665]ay” wo
[7667]Co-wvcvassieie> 0) g SMA tC comes “ureat =| Se cRET
[7669]’ ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
[7671]SUBJECT: (Opnonalt
[7673]COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
[7674]fo wom, Drow a line cross coivmn afte goth comment.)
[7676]TO: TOmce detignation, room umber. and | eae
[7677]building} a
[7679]ay
[7681]et. 610 "SN" C] secret: [1 CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL’ =]. UNCLASSIFIED
[7683]Ws Director
[7684]: Fedorul Bureau of Investixaticn
[7685]Attentions Mrs S.J. Papich
[7687]FRuda Deputy Director, Plans
[7689]SULJECTs Maurios Hyman HALPSRLH
[7691]Xe Reference ta rade to our C5C1-3/752,585 datod
[7692]16 Deeexber 1958, and to other correspondenco conoorn=-
[7693]ing Subject, an Anorioan Coammist wio was living in.
[7694]Moxico, but sho ie, with his nites now. in Prag,
[7696]. Cacahoslovakia.
[7698]26 Bnolosed for: your information aro photocopies
[7699]of the followiny correspondence ant to hin st his
[7700]hones = Hydallin $365 Apartacnt 95 dsxloos Dekel
[7702]Bo Lotter, dated. 5 August 1958, frou
[7704]: Mauriea He SAVAL, of tho. Maurica H.
[7705]SAVAL Inawrance Company, 22 Batteryuaral
[7706]Straot, Boston 9, Rassxchugattey, da
[7707]which GAVAL runsie whet was ovidenthy:
[7709]an old friendship.
[7711]be Lobter, postuarked 18 Auguat 1956, fron
[7712]Subject's pother, in Boston, which
[7713]_ @ontaing family newae . .
[7715]_ - Ce Lottor, poztaarked 2h: Auguat 1958, fron
[7716]ot fed HALPENIN, at 22 Kohler Avenuc, Fulton
[7717]a 87, Massachusette, in which ho nantions
[7718]i family catters, hig father's illness,
[7719]and that Sudjoct's son, David, wild be
[7720]vigiting thea sova,
[7722]. te Latter, postmarked 25 August 1958, fron.
[7723]we ~ RABIMMITZ & BUUDIN, Attorneys at Lary
[7724]2... | 8S Broed Street, Mev York h, tow York,
[7726]‘vedusing Bubjoct'a fee due for professional
[7729]t
[7730]i
[7733]14-0000
[7735]sorvieus to $300.00. (It ia srobable that
[7736]those professional services dealt with
[7737]Subject'a United States passport.)
[7740]i
[7742]@e Letter, postuarkod 27 Ausust 1958, froa i
[7743]Paul RAMAN, Stanford University, |
[7744]btanford, California, evisagnting an an- — -
[7745]econgule study of Latin Aseriea which oo
[7746]I
[7748]Subjoat is prapar ings
[7750]3, this correspandense wes obtained fro a : 7
[7751]usvally reliable and highly sensitive svures and should
[7752]Rot bo disseninated outs ide your BUresite ; so
[7754]o2ie%=3/7524786 7 ut ee - a
[7756]5 Keclemuren, an noted — So a : . |
[7757]past fseor~ ne . , . o
[7758]WH/3/Mexico/P.Nélgoni ke 31 December 1958 ;
[7760]Distributiont
[7761]Orig & 1 ~ Addressee
[7762]wi = RI (201-126561) i
[7763]“1 ~ CI/LIa
[7764]1 = RGQU/RE |
[7765]oo, o 1 = CI/R&A. |
[7766]a Cotte 1 = WH/3/dexico
[7768]mS _ } - WHR 2 |
[7769]1- RH/3/ilex/Subjeot oo oo |
[7772]t
[7774]"- Based ont HERI Ww me ,
[7775]Project Cryptonyms LIBIGHT ‘ _
[7777]Ut hy Bhi oe
[7779]14-0000
[7781]f
[7782]SECRET
[7783]— Cen Selleg Iny
[7784]. . . SCS OF pac a
[7785]. Rt FILE NO.
[7786]: Ms onite NRE P&E an aie . Bounce G0e- Sr L wa. ps
[7787]: : : SOURCE CuvPTOnva cure tonra ai oF taro.
[7789]. DOCUMENT DISPOSITION . :
[7790]: “ _ rmansrennco To
[7791]i : CROSS REFERATO TO THIS FILE | (rne nO. 4
[7792], 4 3
[7794]: io)
[7795]J Daas ta seat ge HALPER 1h [Sley ! in 4h held =
[7796]{ 23 Celehen 27 5T :
[7797]: 37 OL be Gr$ ; i
[7798]i > Los i !
[7799]fo _ 4
[7800]: See ; Ls /2 .
[7801]i . 2 6 g- Ar f, ;
[7802]ES BO ~1b/) chreuged’ & oe .
[7804]i
[7805]4 :
[7807]. ‘ . : ‘
[7808]mse mats rom is ruve “. | > Leek |
[7809]ay Tn SECRET , tae
[7810]j .
[7812]14-0000
[7814]ot tae le ~ . wee
[7816]Seuye assisted» ete AL oe CO c-- sia CT SECRET
[7819]ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
[7821]NO.
[7823]CSCI-3/752 , S87
[7827]WH/3 . & December 1958
[7829]T Officer di foor number, * ‘ : ‘
[7831]ming feveraten, wom mints rd | art ounces | commINtS (Member once comme © dow tom when |
[7832]ALS fo whom. Drow @ tine ocross comaa cfer each comment.)
[7834][eee femme]
[7836]: 15. 7
[7837]= ROD / Fr .
[7838]Tose O10 Mare" "Os SECRET (] CONFIDENTIAL () fitout, © (C)_ UNCLASSIFIED
[7841]14-00000
[7843]a aad ; os . oo - i
[7844]a. ee Ne i
[7845]| pet F . GESTS aay. i
[7847]ah are TORY fT
[7849]a . a i t :
[7850]7 . |
[7851]r Po: Direotar : . .
[7852]! . Federal Sureau of Investigation : H
[7853]| . Atrentions lr, 3, J. Papich’
[7854]i ; FROM Remy Director, Plans —
[7855]‘ r SUBJICT: Jene Constance ROARS . ¥ oO a zx “A
[7856]; 7 , neknee Fi Rom ge ne GniG sce Neogene
[7857]a © CoRR ep 7" PI) ac thek LEAL CHAS : ” i
[7858]Xs | Refererico-1s mee to our. CCT~3/751,016, cated ,
[7859]tos 12 Auguat 1955, and to previous correspondence concern so j
[7860], ~ing Sutject and her correspondence with American Cozrae . 7 H
[7861]niate living in daxtéos. ea |
[7862] —  Enslosed for your inforvaticn ars photocopies . ro
[7863]| of an envelope from Subject, 56 Beventh Avene, Hew York -| ath.
[7864][ Li, New York, addressad to thurics HALAFIN, Redellin 36m wo
[7865]i Yo Haxicos I.i.y anda lutier, contained in thu envelopes \ a“
[7867]boaring ths salutation, “iar Golis.” ("Calia" is
[7869]Provably Celia QW Naik, wife of Kwt Leonid UDINEN TH, j
[7871]Bho, ag wan reported to your @urcau in our teletyped |
[7873]mpescage of 12 Septeber 1958, was hidiry, out ina hotel» i
[7874]| uring the wave of arrests of Aver)can Comuniata living =}
[7875]- Gn Mexieo.) Iho euntents of tha letter ara cumurised aa
[7877]followss . - .
[7879]Subject mentions that she is plad that
[7880]Celia saw “Tess and Prmo," ond Giscuaced with
[7881]thsa tha hardships and sorry suffered "hy you
[7882]and ell our friends.” Sho says that Acds's
[7883]ain interest hog to do with bre PUNTIN, (HAeAl®
[7884]a . | pretably refers to abrahan Aaron HELLA, who
[7886]3 , visited Eextco with Subject for three sorths -
[7887]Gur iy; tho wincer ef 1957058. Se PONTINE
[7888]possibly refore te Lites SArcic® Fenton, a Mexican
[7889]lanyer concerned with the Horton SulALL esses).
[7891]Su:ject aiso mentions that her planned trip |!
[7893]to Maxieo during the coming winter is not cartain peo
[7894]unless they (she would probahly be traveling | +
[7895]again with His) could find an inexpensive _
[7896]apartaont. : s Lees
[7898]en re ae nee eee
[7900]PART TPO TA . i
[7902]EWE Pf yoo. i
[7904]B2ol-azlas7— nathicash : ui 2
[7906]14-0000
[7910]3. =‘ This correspondence vas obtained fron a
[7911]wgualiy reliable ahc highly sensitive source and showd
[7912]Not ba dissemiuted outside your Furwaue. Fnetocopies
[7913]of this correspondence. have been furnished the represent=
[7914]ative of your Rureau in Hexico City, with a request Tor
[7916]"any inforsation available on "Tesa and Frame .®
[7918]CSC1+3/752,,581
[7920]" rneloguress 1 envelepe containing. photosnpies of tho
[7922]. ; envelopo and te ttery as ceseribod abore .
[7924]8 Dacenber 1958
[7926]Distributions
[7927]Orig & 1 = Addressee
[7928]or OT/REA
[7930]1=+C :
[7931]1 = RUYRE
[7933]1 = \iH/3/Mexico
[7936]. Co, Cone bee be
[7937]Based ons HMA-11627 0 ---— Ctr. ae fos 79 den ay
[7938]Project. cryptonym: LIRIGCHT — No? bn Jot AQWIZSD
[7940]Se
[7944]VL)
[7946]14-0000
[7948]Spates ee
[7950]TO re ete a,
[7952]Dern [25S E/
[7954]LEASING AE TTIT PMSA CSR FECAL ttn coor aa
[7958]Pewee ey ew Ein eter net.
[7960]ae when
[7962]Bey
[7965]14-0000
[7967]ae en ae a wit age)
[7968]CI] _URCLASSIFIED “TRIER _ OF ee benTIAL [x] _2SECRET __,
[7970]* Te cL eter ™ " _
[7972]"ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET /
[7974]ones
[7976]SUBUECT: fOpticnsts |
[7980]: FROM: | ;
[7982]a PP) Ie SO”
[7983]NTS {Number gach comment to show from won
[7984]> oe aN ASE
[7985]4
[7987]Ay Mani |
[7992]- ees OO “esse Fe] secret] CONFIDENTIAL 0 tse «= .sUNCLASSIFIED |.
[7995]14-0000
[7997]oe
[7999]Cotas :
[8002]. Federal Barom of Inwatigation
[8003]Attention: Br. Ss. J. ‘Popich
[8005]- FRQH” Deputy Director, Plans
[8007]: 4. Enolossd far your information are Photocopies of
[8008]the following Cermaspondensn gont to hins .
[8009]& lotter, portserkad 2 September 1956,
[8010]from Ted HALERIN, ‘at 22 Kohler Avenue, Fulton
[8011]87, Masenchusstte, eoncarna frmily matters, |
[8012]inolwting tho {liness af hia father (Subjeotta
[8013]-brother), ard mantiona. entioipstion over the
[8014]wait of Subjestts Ben, David, in Decenber.
[8016]_. de Lotter, postuarind } Ostober 1958,
[8017]from tho Hourige H. Saval Insurance Caupany,
[8018]at 22 Battarymarch Streot, Boston 9,
[8021]14-0000
[8023]i ee .
[8024]. . Te ty
[8025]Be :
[8027]a eee ee eng ee
[8029]oGisiitlell ein tie],
[8031]eceresponienca have bson furnished the reprocontativa of
[8032]your. Bureau in Hexiso City.
[8034]68 f-3/752,565 -
[8035]Brolesuraot 2 lettara, os desoribed abovo.
[8037]W/3/Phedson mit 8 Decesber 1958
[8038]‘Distributions. an oO
[8040]"v1 RI (ar-28561)..
[8042]1-Rg
[8043]1.~crAu
[8045]~ be
[8046]1. Wi/3/Subjoot
[8048]“Based ont HMMAW11553
[8049]Froject Cryptonym: LIBIGHT -
[8053]on
[8055]me
[8057]Lh et
[8059]14-0000
[8061]Orsparen SreeOe ane»
[8063]HIMIMA ~ se
[8065]10 December 1958
[8067]CUA I 2 Cee
[8071]: ia
[8072]tation, Mexico City {10 Becember
[8073]“Amertean Communists ty Mexive., “ore pe x * eanarcnenee -
[8074]Maurice HALPERIN A eran: Re noDING FGueTS
[8075]a / BoeuENT Rigg Hla-generd f— INOFAING CAN BE JUDGED
[8077]BY QUALIFIED HQ. DESK GALY
[8081]1, Forwarded herewith to complete Headquarters and ODENVY records -
[8082]_ on subject are one photocopy each, and film of the following. letters addressed __
[8083]_ to him in Mexico City,
[8085]i a ,
[8087]an ee fs A. Ltr, of 25 Aug 58 from Leonard B. BOUDIN of oe
[8088]& BOUDIN, New York attorneys, cutting HALPERIN's fee due for profession
[8089]services fo $300.00, (Comment: Professional services probably dealing
[8091]with HALPERIN's U, S, passport, ).
[8093]i B, Ltr, of 27 Aug 58 from Paul atearan, Stanford University, .
[8095]' Calif,, commenting on an economic study of Latin America which HALPERIN
[8096]is preparing,
[8098], oa Cc, Ltr, of 5 Aug 58 from Maur ice HH, Janvat, insurance man in
[8099]Boston, } Mass,, who is apparently a long lost friend of Subject's. (No film)
[8101]cp D. Ltr, of 23 Aug 58 from Ted HALPERIN in Milton, Mass,
[8103]E. Ler, of 18 Aug 58 from HALPERIN’ s mother and father in
[8104]Massachusetts,
[8106]_ 2, Source is wore No local dissemination,
[8108]/ LE, cat
[8109]oe Med sa
[8110]| ip yvps ASM
[8112]9 December 1958 . - ,
[8114]CARN ie Pte are:
[8116]Distribution |
[8117]3 Headquarters
[8119]C8EL Ys. 17
[8122]Cuisncaton
[8124]SECRET
[8126]USE PREWOUS ETON,
[8127]CTAACES Fores
[8129]N29 staan
[8130]wren ARE OmsCult
[8135]SSSR ED emmmermereT a sa cere
[8137]AMMA RH 119
[8139]31 (seg
[8141]ge
[8146]14-0000
[8148]: - Buresnr de Tleritajes Ss de R. EL | 7 CO .
[8150]oe Balderas Ho. 31-203 g) f _ . . :
[8151]a _ —— : silico 1, D. F. a, mM aad 2 : Lh ad fr ter . “ be -
[8153]Pe Ota dain 36- 5
[8155]| Ay kta
[8159]CORREO AEREO.
[8162]i
[8163]: i .
[8164]1 i a
[8166]if
[8167], 3 ‘1 4
[8168]tot
[8169]i Y
[8172]14-0000
[8174]Kosa
[8176]i
[8177]Dr. Maurice ,
[8178]Medellin 36
[8179]Me» 7
[8180]. Me: ice f, OD
[8181]4 Mexico :
[8182]Poa, |
[8183]peste wg een oe ov , ; | |
[8185]| ATTORNEYS at LNW
[8186]— / 78 @> nan 5 “
[8187]NON TRA as
[8188]i .
[8189]August 25, :
[8190]‘ Or. Maurice Halperin. -"-.” a | eS
[8191]3 we ES, res : - ;
[8192]: Mexico 7, D. Boge a
[8194]“Mexico oe de
[8196]tA
[8197]wea,
[8199]BhudtongsS pkrorcebresenivericcs «.ctenbtarth. Ave... ae
[8201]14-0000
[8203]TARE te ak quvviannie ean,
[8205]L
[8206]E
[8207]z
[8208]3.
[8210]‘Pe. Meurice Halperin... oe
[8212]aT T TOW away
[8213]RT
[8215]dellin 36 -
[8216]Mexico 7, D. F,
[8218]Dear Gr. Halperin: ..
[8220]es In View of your general. financia!
[8221]gi ituatton, I have revised downward my original |
[8222]estimate to. you... Hence the enclosed bili, ° .
[8223]We shall ourselves pay out of. this money the
[8225]1 $
[8226]roca i counse! fee.
[8228]. uts,
[8229]‘ ne
[8230]wy - _
[8232]wad br
[8235]14-0000
[8237]i
[8240]eyecare
[8242]Nov
[8243]fas. 31-203: od. 4
[8244]an Ys B. 3.
[8246]| * Ve uw ;
[8247]Buren de Poritsies A. a ait al t |
[8249]Lad ET
[8253]Lilla,»
[8255]sm Bat Ethan
[8258]14-0000
[8260]ea!
[8264]‘ a
[8266]t . sit ‘ ee ee
[8267]i 5 : :
[8269]j hot G —_——
[8270]H . So - ae
[8271]t * Me
[8273]SRE ESET ren eS
[8275]"Bae de Beritajes s. weRB
[8277]Balderas Ho. 31-208
[8278]México t, B. F.
[8280]a . 9, Maurice Hal anin
[8282]Mm addin. 3¢- oD) IS 4
[8284]“Meco
[8286]ne RIES eames aT
[8288]itvemy! de Bevtjs § de ra i
[8290]Balderes’ Qo. Bi-208° . Sart at
[8291]‘Rerteo 1, DF. : 8
[8296]AIR MAIL
[8301]YOY Mercedes
[8303]wee AVOibLae ,
[8304]Les Altos,
[8306]N
[8308]lifornan,
[8310]Avgust 276h,1e53
[8312]Poi wry ft _ tardy in snswering your letter of August
[8313]LM e. tesa returning from Leke Tahoe where I took
[8315]ible. To be gure,cutlines ive usually. only
[8317]iit gomeu out,but with that reservation,! think
[8318]“ii. @ What would seem to me "te-be in order is
[8319]+ Cul framework. In the firat place,I would
[8321]-fumber of groups :: those countries thal .-
[8323]mic advancument (Venezuela, Arsentina,Moxico i
[8324]kecly staynant (Central America,Poru and BE.
[8326]> bourrecisa revolutions: (Mexlco);those that
[8328]perm or unother (Argentina, Vane-
[8330]7 Ri OYventirely fuoucul outate
[8331]casera “duel type! tre fbrmeont aback. We deed meee
[8333]individual Jountrdes. The role oF
[8336]FC yc err ey
[8338]a Aulate the sbese Qi sey tlc:
[8340]“asperialism dn. all af them han to be ¢ x
[8342]“Teittesllyes Secondly ,ehen dt comes to.stransw
[8343]that such 126 gained vy talking about "cris,
[8344]TAis puta tha critique «ef anflation on a
[8346]nut: both economically,and ~ |
[8347]snomde analyada, Idan“. haliavas.: |
[8348]Sebreedine printing proug man vEOV pe. al
[8349]Wrong Leack and. relates tn what Towouwkhd
[8351]oe ver “old-faghloned" écommicss. The trouble with inflation 4: abon :
[8353]a
[8355]ed
[8357]es <0 A considerable extent by inflation! The troubla with inflation is that it, .
[8359]usa the burden ef capital accumuliatlon apg
[8361]ountries,furtheraore,it channeia the cecwuuhuted capital lato wrong,undestral le
[8363]Pe agente crested Cpportunities Tor vant anecalative Prothta, promotes duxury-
[8365]ory GR abCsotes In ethor wordnyunider capbalian, inf ls tion tenus to add
[8367]Vb Se raunt 3 me tt snouse promote useful CapLtal
[8368]ct inflation (a few @ peas
[8370]the Cernan 1920+ variaty. Theat 7
[8374]ow inflation (accenpanied by dovaluat iunsi:
[8376]: tax”og the underlying bopulntions, ~~
[8378]a TS 2 lopaldad development.
[8380]© lower income groupay in capiteliat
[8382]oe ey
[8384]n
[8385]g
[8386]in
[8388]re
[8391]ia
[8397]Wide tier ybhen ya:
[8399]ce, lf
[8401]Siena that YOu ahoold concentrate. on asaombl ing cs uch a ponnible.
[8402]tig volu®e ang dove wf utilisation of occumulated capitel,and rahew
[8404]‘om tbese accumulations are being minuded, Thie would perait you to!
[8405]eo domeatic atructure of the econosies under gonsideratl
[8407]‘ue Lapect of capital outflows due to daperioliam ote,
[8409]Lele S aah on
[8411]anadyre both
[8412]Oh a well an to sheets
[8414]‘tase are ay first reactions. I will bea Blod to #o tnta alioot |
[8416]n "? 2
[8417]uce Tf have sore atuff to look at, You. are obvicunly moat Pe Cees ce og. . +
[8419]far what it's worth) an a referonce.-If the ¢.
[8421]us Chose by cereurt ay a
[8422]rent thot the accent be placed on thre . Prdcah eobeck ct a, tly ;
[8423]. ~. ee rT . “ an y
[8424]yeiCas purt aade aubjact to furbher de: Oe Pst hPicnt on. . :
[8425]ee jias Chea, .
[8427]ye ee
[8429]«cued D ayfratecues Mien wepmrruere.
[8431]J4-n0000
[8434]'
[8436]poor Ye yarious and
[8438]Sefore gchoekl gtures
[8440]ili write to Brava very soon; FT waa absolutely xn
[8441]“andry committmentsa,and am struggling now ta fonash a :
[8442]: - = * 7 . a gh cer aye: = sagt 4 .
[8443]unc at September, And then J hava a book to finieh (« *% oF evay) aml deadlines
[8445]> gurround ma on. all- sidea, eee
[8446]: _ . 7 : . i
[8447]: With very beat wishaa, :
[8448]1 i
[8449]L . he Youre ,/  / oO
[8450]& oo on p a
[8451]. , . b f
[8452]fa t a.
[8454]a Pio ge tec |
[8455]mad ‘ 4 “e
[8456]- . In Lal:
[8457]- te . . on wee cpap AEE in St woe
[8458]t _ a
[8461]14-00000
[8464]14-0000
[8466]: ! a “4
[8468]t 4 1 a
[8473]. _ eu 7 arr \ :
[8475]j
[8479]t
[8481]aed i
[8483]t
[8485]é 2 : a :
[8486]Ke nt ute ae A ae os yr of
[8487]ay ; .
[8489]ca. ,
[8491]and boot NY Lake g od sy sO a
[8493]a
[8499]cea aenee mae LO A TE
[8501]a
[8502]i
[8504]y ‘
[8505]: Say . iy
[8506]5 A he. : Ay AVG. cy"; Ck Eva ° :
[8507]\ . . s 1 4. * | : Ny
[8508]1 Youd Ws OWE DAL. 7 rs 2 P ,
[8509]' fo ee } -
[8510]a . , a
[8511]: , et ° .
[8512]: Ee DOR ER NEY mag >
[8514]14-0000
[8516]EEL A Nee EN —s—e *?, aad a FD ah Pasa Ib
[8518]. 7 7 '
[8519]| | . | : , : . on
[8520]- a |
[8521]. i
[8522]. ‘ cee deeds eee - cee ee a ~ -
[8523]~ menage wena rcmiane ceNe pie
[8524]. . 7 | |
[8525]: . |
[8526]: ' .
[8527]; L, . : ae
[8528]4
[8529]: Ae
[8530]3 .
[8531]. ak
[8532]. ;
[8533]f »
[8534]“ wo
[8535]. Sele
[8536]tr RCRD TDL STIR dea ew pe mn eS seen co " :
[8537]spe HATER TS ; ; . |
[8538]| 1
[8539].
[8540]: ) |
[8541]. . . ;
[8544]14-00000
[8547]a oe ‘ : : mo :
[8548]. . r : Caw : ar
[8549]DISPATCH: _SRCRET | BsBa-Ta38 a
[8550]CSCS Oe Tk. 0) 2s * a
[8552]Chief of Stetias, Rexlco City
[8554]t
[8556]i
[8557]- te
[8558]Calef of. Statica, Pera a ; | 25 Ruvender 1958
[8559]TR A A
[8560]INU/INARITION/Operaticns oo
[8562]aay — Mech ON)
[8563]MAPLED FOR INOTZING
[8564]NO INDEXING BFQUHTED
[8565]OTEING CAN §F UGGED
[8566]OY QUALIFIED MQ. 08S Ona
[8568]Attached tothe float mary rort of th DUSITION es
[8569]"the atay ia Sui tearlead. of Meurlee RALP SAIN aed snd wife, who do *
[8570]opagted for Prag ea 20 Rov ouber i953. Grpica of letters wratten a P .
[8572]by BALPIRIR allo hace ara forwarded to Beadpoartars onlyy --+-
[8574]j
[8576]A + IRAUITION Bepart a -
[8577]B -' Lattero written by HALPEAIN a
[8578]7 : y ae
[8579]t ue ; a
[8580]1‘ ae TIX, sy . ‘
[8581]ppl 722 $6) | ;
[8583]H 4-00000
[8585]has the Hates “Soi solaozdof* in ZURICH. On 18 Oetobor he aad bin vife 1
[8587]: *Serviaat, dal doteder, 1700 =~ 1900 H., ho vigited
[8589]Oa 20 Ostober ‘at GEiS¥e he inquired at a local travel agency tor :
[8591], TICK, whers they eooupled a rooa at tho "Sehwolserhof® again. -
[8593]2) Rr. Theodore BALPERIE & fanlly, 22, Kahler Aveo, HILSGS / Hass. 4
[8594]3) Rabbi @ Hre. Biliel CANORAN, 4 Do Kalb Place, HORRISTQIH ‘few Sorvey
[8596]i
[8597]J
[8599]Macherat “AT to HRBA-7538
[8601]MZoy, aneq'h real of 1& Ot.59 + 50/m/s8
[8604]i .
[8605]AS # vappleosnt to bits cf taforantion hitherte orally trans-
[8606]alitted hac» is 0 adtsariced account on the sovenosnts and astl-
[8607]rtttea of: ,
[8609]EA LPE RIM Maurice, alins PASTOR Daniel,
[8611]: dorm 3,3,190, CS citizas, ocvncatat,
[8612]-aacried. to Ralehy dostolled Badellin 36-9,.
[8613]Mexico 7,-D.P. : .
[8615]during his oojoure da Switseriand frea 15 ‘Gatoder to 10 Sevondsr 583 4
[8617]v
[8618]4
[8620]Ga 15 Cotoher subject and Ais wife arrived by air trea Lissa}
[8621]3
[8622]i
[8624]‘toon the 1520 H. train ta ORTRVA, whera théy atayod at the Hotel
[8626]&PRO# David, dora 1.941904, ohtiedn of ANCERTIRR,
[8627]Bin Se ene = Yeagelins wth th The 130 ‘fa GEyEva, iene eiled
[8628]Avenus, Apist Ufo" 2, “CSsz8-3 SOUASRLES GEKA,
[8631]a
[8632]a
[8633]ad
[8635]the poos!DiLities of a flight frea ZURICH to PRAGUM, On that day.
[8636]the HALPERIS's travoled by train (leaving GSHEVA at 1245 H) to | -
[8638]4% 1830 EB. abject visited tho inferuatiaa office of the mrich
[8640]main otatioa to leara aboat trata soancotions for PRAGUE and for .
[8641]UGAHO. 1 21 Ostober ke visited tio Cweeh Consulate Gaacrel in.
[8642]WRicg, where he stayod froa 0940 = 1115 He At 1630 x. he wat
[8643]to consult the “Svisaeie* informatica desk at the asin otation.
[8645]Re stated thet he possesaad a flight-tioket Maxiee-Lisboa-Aurtahs
[8646]Tol-Aviv, but Aad a0 definite booking 8d for and vanted his luggage cs
[8647]to be stored at Kloten airport f for the tise vetnge He thea mailed |
[8649]letters to - # an Soca th Te ~ :
[8650]1) Br. David ¢. EALPERIE, 5411 South Vaivoreity. bye. CaTeAaO 0/11.) “3.
[8652]4) Hrs, dnate 2H, 17 Beash Road, YET /Manacomnsotteay
[8653]Letters 1 - 3 are of oinllar contents, Foakeniatooniea of Era a8 $
[8655]are at teohsd.
[8656]At 1950 H. ho itaqaires at tke *ayiscate* (effteo for any
[8660]Sonminieation that aay havo occas in for Alm, : 7
[8661]a 22 Oatobar sanjoat negotiates with tho mm atrtrarel |
[8664]14-0000
[8666]office for oanzelitag of bie 2 flight tleketa to felatvivy mad
[8668]metaniizg.e : -
[8670]Cm 25 ‘lobes at OF98 B. ho dnenives at the Luformatios
[8671]office of tho Pederal Pallwaye ahoct traim eoaneotions te PARIS
[8672]asd fares. At 1025 B. ho entory ths Czech Consulate General, ‘at
[8673],Teazpoars in the treet 3 aimites later. : : . :
[8675]- Oa 24 October the eoupla visit tho Coch Gonculate Generel
[8677]as reas a, Where they reaain for © mimates, At 1110 H, they go to -
[8678]“the snect bar of tho Zurich Waiveralty. HALPRAIN than Vaits fer
[8679]30 alates tha Seatrary for serial eccneaiso, “‘eexnoraial’ aolences
[8680]2 statis these 24 4515 G. BAbroaia gros te 0 trowel agsacy to
[8681]_ eam @ eboque of 50g,
[8682]o Cs 25 Ostober RALPERIG ieqairea Per trains departing for-
[8683]LIGA30 and obtains varicas prespoatns ef this town, frea 1003 =
[8684]1055 3, tho couple then ealla o& the Ceeeli Consulate General,”
[8685]Oa the way desk thoy obanged 209 Bi ary. they Joave ty train
[8686]for Wday0, =| :
[8687]Up to this date the ‘ecuple Bas ast. rooted any wleitess
[8688]and a4 far'as eculd bo ascertained bed po saeplcicas tnlopheze calls
[8689]while staying ta SURICH. Thoy eatunsibly exleavered to out down ox
[8690]pensea to a ainionn, teking reals in ches} restearasta er buying food
[8691]to ba eaten ia-thely recy at the hotel. So leggago dopoad ted as
[8692]Kloten airport veo discreetly searched, fas poraenal boleagiage : :
[8693]* were ef rather poor quality. A lis? shoved that they hed sold. :
[8694]farattare eat houschold goods prior to their departure froa Horieo, oe
[8695]Azeagst various articles there rero alse tyro poékot edi tiess of 4
[8696]. Qietiensaries ta Chinese and Mussiea. All this anf their denoancar “
[8697]ae poea to indicate that tho 0 couple plea te sottle Aotinttrely 4 in tho ©)
[8698]; at “1635 F B. of 3 Ooteber the’ éauple arrived at , weaHo, whore |:
[8700]b
[8702]b they rented o roca at tho hote] garat. SEER? for 3 or 4 @ays.
[8703]7 : 7 On 26 October they went cn an enemmion te. the. Rente Bed,
[8704]a : _aY 1739 H. of that day HALPERIS taguired at the axis poot office”
[8705]OB for the Mentone ember 6f a certs Jlfvel APES tn JRUQUE, oo
[8706]&- szch ortersica vas. found fa tho direstery, bower, ees 7
[8708]Qn 27 Catober thor sudo an coting 40 Cossaryte and Chaptone
[8709]and Sack to LOGANO. ni .
[8711]or
[8714]14-0000
[8716]Ca 26 Outeter EALPIRIS saat went ts ibe teloptione
[8717]oxchangs st C915 B. whore ba aaxed to by Sommested ita...
[8718]Joerg FEEA in PRAGUE, Br. OTSA4, Fao partser ta FRAGUE bolag
[8719]abeent, the eall was psntpoaed to the afternanns it wens throagh
[8720]at 1640 5. ard a certain fir, S784 sesversd the esl) en the man=
[8721]ber indicated, HALPRSIN talked lu Spanteb, annovzoing hinaalf 38
[8722]Profesoer Naprisio HALPRAIA fre Nerico. By expisized tat ho wt
[8723]was a friead of LOMANDO, ‘with won they (ths yartuers ‘ca tho
[8724]phozs) hea accidoatally sot last yoar at the Bhop of Bia axis .
[8725]AREBARES. At present ke (BALPERIN) wes otaying is WOAHC and
[8726]vatting for the visa-to go to FUGUR, these he veald Bio te .
[8727]find Bie frients, the SIF falls, whea kis partner ehoalé also be,
[8728]know, He then wanted to know rhea LEMRLADO weal 4 exriye ta fn FRAGUE
[8729]from AEZTCOP ” .
[8731]( probable ideatities: .~ . .
[8732]PEMA Iazere: Frade Taten Seesotany a? 2 OTRAS yiso-proetdent
[8733]. of Cohan CoP, & wankaw Beseutisn Counail of TPO,
[8734]tao Vietents, d. 1607.18%,. Baxdeas eltisea, dea.
[8735]‘Waxtes-City, Artistes, Villa Obsegen 514
[8736]Praia Eniea léeasdse; senbos. ef WFo; eenter of presd—
[8737]dina ef Bresutive ‘Gexadtsoa a + Scoaral Seanoil of ¥FrT,
[8739]BxARSXARES Bortar Ro Becord.
[8740]O29 thr he LTS 1 a ot 48 te
[8742]for ‘wuRicn. During thoir sojourn ‘ot WHAT wo ‘edatasta of thd couplo a
[8744]vith otrangore vere mado} they wat-tor walla st rextoa 4a°toia or oe
[8746]in the vioiaity, beught ‘pagers and porigéioais i tes desea, wat asa -
[8750]At 1255°2, of 25 Ootober they arviint 4a ATION, went to tae
[8751]Hotel “Sehwoiserhof? asd later to ths Grech Gensulate Censzal. &t 1550 B,
[8752]oubject inquired at the INH aivitnd agency abet refumdiug for tho
[8753]tiokats _ te Tol-avir, sat the agendy Bed not Feealved Gtreatiens froa
[8754]_dosterden yoo, ’ . §
[8755]ee __ 0% 50 ovtebobtha:cuple nga’ ent 45 in Coe Ceamaato |
[8756]General et 1055 H. end reostned there fez 7B disnten. af 1215 2. :
[8757]FALFSRIN inquired at tho Rical Gravel Agonsy about touriat.viens
[8758]$0 Pregao aad was given the nooassary foses te £121 in, Thee 45
[8759]retumed to tho esoncy ot M410 H, tejothor with the passyerta,
[8762]14-0000
[8764]ere +
[8766]r
[8767]Aa
[8768]i
[8770]xe
[8776]SLU Loose patted vey sattareity 4
[8777]Br. Tavli Sy BAUPERID, Sata Ssaty Gadveret ty Ave, CRigasc/n yy 7
[8778]MANE § foe, Rtilel Sanctay, 4 de Eald Place, MoM ssuON PM j
[8780]Mi sisied (numbered 5 & é} qf the ecatents are attached. :
[8782]Tm hc edar the Ams doved fron Heteltiehverrertot® |
[8784]ta tts ae dotel 1 "Llane tease . thts day they ttrasly Pavolped | “4
[8786]tte teqnasted refund beg the na airline's offies, ° a
[8787]Actday, 10 Rerasber the requested tourist visas vere “Lavoad
[8788]t> the EALPARI¥ts, +d for 6 days and inelauding Beotel resorvatian.
[8790]for 8S Cars at S.fre. %.- per Persea, They inmodLately doparted 7
[8791]fy traln aod lett t Sudteerlasd wha Boahs,‘rall at 1624 E, fer austria, 3
[8794]Ta the rertod of 31 dototer to JAkssenber tha couple 414 got
[8795]aake or reasive any telephous cails and had so viattore, nor d41 thay:
[8797]wali: arr body, : . : ae an ca :
[8799]LF Svreaber jess, . so >
[8801]3
[8802]3
[8803]3
[8804]7
[8806]af
[8808]tet Sh a
[8812]Pa
[8813]a
[8815]2 eet AN ted pare te
[8818]14-0000
[8820]a
[8822]CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
[8824]2rghc/oroker |
[8825]_OaTe + 22 nov 58 $-£-C-R-E-T
[8827]TO * DIRECTOR
[8828]FROM» VIENNA
[8830]ACTON: EE 6 . .
[8831], INFO Cly silers, cite, Fi,  FIORS, wi A, sie 2 2
[8833]Leuba
[8835]: 70 OR “INO oe ewe” VEN 4104 -
[8836]: GROOVY GRENGULF - . _
[8837]i 1. GRENGULF REPCRTS THAT A MORICE MeRICE (SIC -WALPIN, 008 MARCH 1:56 AND HIS | ;
[8838]i WIFE EOITH, NEE FRISCH, 08 € JULY 1907, BOTH CARRYING U.S. PASSPORTS, ENTERED
[8839]+ _ AUSTRIA FROM ‘SUISSE on 10 nov 1958. PASSPORTS HAD CZECH VISAS. ACCORDING
[8840]4 GRENGULF, THIS COUPLE REPORTEOLY BELONG 7O CIRCLE. OF ACQUA INTANCES OF ATOM
[8841]| SPY KLAUS FUCHS AND DURING THEIR STAY IN.SUISSE WERE UNDER CLOSE SURVEILLANCE, | i, ,
[8842]4 | . 2, GRENGULF REPORT, SOMEWHAT CURIOUSLY WORDED, SAYS AUSTRIAN SURVEILLANCE :
[8843]- i "OF COUPLE NOT CARRIED OUT HERE SINCE THEY CROSSED BORDER INTO CSR ON IT NOV With i
[8844]| ; _ US. PASSPORT NO. 118070, ISSUED MEXICO, IN-RAME OF MAURICE AND EOITH HALPERIN, i
[8845], i * SAME BIRTH DATE AS ABOVE, . ae
[8846]3. VIEN HAS, NO TRACES, NO KNOWLEDGE THIS CASE, POSSTJTY (AS RECEIVED) 2
[8848]i  ODENVY REQUESTED AUSTRIAN'SURVEILLANCE,
[8849]ro em END OF MESSAGE | BO
[8850]= mo . . . - . . py
[8851]| Or - 9 7892 Go ;
[8852]\, FE :
[8855]- Bet t 2¢@ Gy vi i
[8857]a REPRODUCTION SY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS FROHIBITED — Cony Na :
[8859]14-0000
[8861]ae) cl, crs, cific, ce 4, 1, S/t 2
[8863]/ .
[8864]= Wa /Sw fee CLASSIFIED MESSAGE _
[8866]S-£-C-R-E-7
[8868]ae . .
[8869]pate , 2&2 NOV 58
[8871]NOV 24 18517. 58 a
[8872]ACTION CHANGE
[8874]ROUTINE
[8876]- VIEN WOb—twe2ggg1 A
[8877]to : Info
[8878]Groovy GRENGULF
[8880]C/S COMMENT: - ACTION: RESPONSIBILITY FOR THIS CABLE HAS BEEN TRANSFERRED FROM EE TO WH
[8881]BY HR CLARK JUNG, EE, EXT B73» IN COORDINATION WITH MR. TOM OGDEN, My EXT 205+ ods
[8883]Ce.
[8885]my . 7
[8887]_— S-E-C-R-E-T ,
[8889]_ REPRODUCTION | BY OTHER 7 THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROFIBITED. Copy No
[8891]0 Overneae Posen, a8.
[8894]14-00000
[8896]%. ume rn )
[8897]SECRET
[8899](WHEN FILLED IN)
[8901]ROUTING AND-RECORD SHEET
[8905]INSTRUCTIONS: Use officer desigastona ia ‘the “TO columa. Number each comment 12 coceapocd with the pumber in the “TO” cot=ma -
[8906]Draw a line across the sheet under each comment. Each ofticer should. date and initial jchect ‘mask Inguiticient) before further ‘Aputng. .
[8908]* This Routing and Record abeet abouli NOT be removed trom the attached RECORD documéal.
[8910]| DOCUMENT NUNaEA HMMA@2 1553
[8912]“RY ‘R ,
[8913]DOCUMENT pate ° 7 H
[8914]- A Ae SB,
[8915]OFFICER'S Dts : :
[8917]_ 7 oe oo Te oe “INITIALS: | . oe COMMENTS 2
[8918]| NOTE: Hf a-copy-cy. ‘altechmente ° are emoved from ‘the at: |.
[8919]ftached. documeiit, ¢. scetion of thecopy and/or amach- og,
[8920]ment hereon. If rhis RECCRD COPY is tobe retained n- ——
[8921]“| the files af the Desk. cail: the Ceatral File’ Sectiaa for per °
[8923]Jmatont Joan. og . i
[8924]¢ Pe Aly t
[8925]- H
[8927]i
[8928]i
[8931]i
[8932]'
[8933]i
[8936]a
[8937]i
[8940]|
[8941]: HAs PERN, M: Ae RICE
[8943]FILE NUMBER”
[8945]a Tpagser"
[8947]Risrl 146CCL i
[8948]i
[8949]> PRS: €10a. _. SECRET
[8951]14-0000
[8953]FEST MBCK RT AS
[8955]Cas guecc a nite Es
[8957]DISPATCH SECRET , Fint-A-11553
[8959]Chief, WH Division ‘ . | 201-125561
[8961]veo on |
[8964]chief of Station, Mexico City | 19 November 19%
[8967]American Communists in Maxico/Maurice HALPERIN Ss oe
[8969]NO BNDEXING FEQU PED
[8971]. | x INDERNIG CAN BE JUDGED
[8972]- BY QUALIFIED WQ. DESK ONLY
[8974]REFERTNCEG) yi
[8976]SOURCE: LIBIGHT/ZIMUD/
[8978]. 1. Attached are the negatives and one set of prints of each of tw letters which
[8979]were addressed’ to Maurice. HALPERIN in Mexico. a . .
[8981]: - “2. One letter is from a. "Ted HALPERIN’ and appears to be a personal, fantly-type
[8982]letter. The second Jeter is from Maurice: H. SAVAL and : ‘concerns. an insurance’ policy. .
[8984]carried by HALPERIN. oe ; -
[8985]3. ODENVS has. been furnished copies of this : correspondence locatly.
[8987]| Attachment - as stated above
[8988]“17 November 1958
[8989]' Distribution: :
[8992]ue Be Piles. af
[8995]om:
[8998]14-0000
[9000]we te
[9002]eT ED HES bene
[9004]pe
[9006]. ‘
[9007]H
[9008]7
[9010]RMA 1953
[9012]. =. :
[9013]rn 1 -
[9015]| . i
[9017]i . ;
[9019]i
[9022]~b29SbE
[9025]14-0000
[9028]To: BUENOS ATRES HLCP Ce poet Vive, teary, at
[9029]. . . RI Bile this ropy ar Indicated wT | e
[9030]From: DIRECTOR’ : Rrwiel.-covy filed a5 indicated oe
[9031]: RE Indesing. teheck one): ‘ [7
[9032]cons EEE
[9033]~ ca . . Siesta <. Behr bete' i aes
[9035]“SINFO: CH, c1/oPs, cH, se 20
[9037]CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
[9038]UNT: FH/3 : sl
[9039]fat: Lb56 ale
[9040]: 6 Noverber 1958... - ;
[9042]. — . . t. a
[9043]° 693 Uw/' s/ ——
[9046]AA:
[9048]r | ‘OPERATIONAL
[9049]IMMEDIATE
[9051]! ot ne — os mo “INES Mi z ae ; Mme oe’ £9353 .
[9053]- was -BUEN=3666 cui-2er3) (Nor ser wrxt),
[9055], _ DO NOT PASS TO BIOGENESIS INFO IN ABSA THAT DORFMAN IN cowmnitcarton
[9057]aT HALPERIN, 7s a ae
[9059]“ERD GF YESSAGE
[9061]C/S COMMENT: *QUERIED WHETHER FACT THAT DORECANYIN COMMUNICATION HALPERIN COULD
[9062]_ BE PASSED BIOGENESIS,
[9064]. re
[9065]Rae ay
[9066]Kms none I. ae . :
[9067]J. SS King, cork atic ovnicees oie
[9068]“etceanona onrices sg ittgcarmagonnicts :
[9069]. : fy R G Pred BE
[9070]NE 15804 REPRQQUCTION sy OTHER THAN THE ISSUING ¢ OFFICE IS PROHIBITED, Copy Nou,
[9072]FOI-/ 28 sop —
[9074]14-0000,
[9076]CLASSHIED NESSACE | IS
[9078]an 300 RLG/BM jh gf o-2-£ 27
[9079]1 1 NOY 58 ry) .
[9080]O°; '
[9081]DIRECTOR
[9082]FROM 4
[9083], BERN ;
[9084]"ACTION: . :
[9085]WH 5* . : |i ROUTINE”.
[9086]FO + -
[9087]a ci, crfops, Cr/ic, Fl, rifops, EE 4, SR 4, S/C 2, we
[9088], IN 20815
[9089]7 yexr ie oR cE BERN 3133
[9090]RE BERN 3096. (IN 17033) , oe
[9091]098 (an 17033 Ve npece Yew, HA a :
[9092]1. SUBJECTS TRAVELLED ZURICH TO LUGAN@ 23 OCT, MADE PHONE CALL 28 oT rn.
[9093]. oO ol fan)
[9094]_ FROM LUGANO TO PRAG WHERE SPOKE IN SPANISH WITH FNU STEIN (PHON) AT TEL ae ;
[9095]NUMBER LAZARO PENA 67856, NCT CLEAR IF Eat TEL EXCHANGE OR NAME SUBSCRIBER: § :
[9097]2. IN PHONE CONVERSATION IDENTIFIED SELF TO STEIN AS FRIEND OF ,LOMBARDO. Q
[9098]ed def D6. Baer AREWAL BAsTOR Dc Scamp *.
[9099]SAID HE WAITING IN ‘SUISSE x
[9101]“SAID HAD MET STEIN: IN SHOP OF DR. BERTA ARERA zs,
[9103]FOR CSR VISA, WISHED SEE STERNS IN PRAG. WHEN STEIN VAGUE ABOUT KNOWING STERNS,
[9105]SUBJ ASKED JF HAD NOT SEEN THEM (IN. INTRAYA. (PHON), THEN ASKED WHEN LOMBARDO, ="
[9106]SUBU PROMISED CONTACT STEIN ON
[9108]ORie Le
[9110]‘WOULD “ARRIVE PRAG, WAS TOLD HE STILL MEXICO.
[9112]ARRIVAL PRAG, ACCORDING INTERPRETERS NOTE ON PHONE TRANSCRIPT STEIN -VERY GUARDED,
[9114]NOT ENTHUSIASTIC ABOUT PHONE CALL. 7
[9115]: 7)
[9116]3. SuBJ RETURNED ‘ZURICH 29 OT, GOT PASSeCRTS ‘BACK FROM CSR GONSULATE wiTHe wef. Ly
[9117]; N
[9118], OUT VISA, NOW ATTEMPTING GET TOURIST VISAS THROUGH TRAVEL AGENCY. MOVED TO rs 7
[9119]; RA
[9120]CHEAPER HOTEL, SPENDS MUCH TIME IN UNIVERSITY LIGRARY, i NANI TIONS STATE N 4.
[9121]Nex
[9122]SUBJECTS RUNNING LOW ON. FUNDS, MANY ENDICATIONS PLAN REMAIN csr INDEFINITELY, ae
[9123]Loe
[9124]BELIEVE LOMBARDO MENTIONED ON PHONE IDEN WETH VINCENTE. TOLEDANO LOMBARDO, vd ' A
[9125]- aA
[9126]bh. WILL POUCH DETAILED REPORTS. ; (END OF MESSAGE) a
[9127]. : c/s COMENT: ? ACTION UNIT CETERMINED AS- THOUGH ENDICATOR DYVOUR USEC. i 7
[9128]a ee ITINERARY MAURICE HALPERIN ANO WIFE, AMERICAN COMMUNISTS. e A cP eel
[9129]§-£-C R-E-7 wr lily ,
[9130]REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN [Re ISSUESG Offect 1S PROHIBITED. Cosy tio rbd a
[9131]cane : . paneer sane . ‘ £ bE flgnk cae
[9132]co TH IOPIS of. Fa La . ea /S- Tz. re A Bem er T—“$ 8) opal
[9134]1400000
[9136]Ean
[9138]we nh in Nig ttle Aan a
[9142]-
[9143]sUivisltwoy pueadivd
[9145]Tere Direst<> :
[9146]Federal iuroau. of Investizaticn :
[9147]‘Attantiont lire S.J. Papich j
[9148]wos Doputy Director, Flans :
[9149]a a SUBJECT: Maurdce Hynan HALPERIN
[9150]t
[9151]ee ; 2. Reference is wada to our CoC i+3/751,683, dated —
[9152]po 2 October 1958, and to other corresj«mdence concerning
[9153]| Subject, an Anertesn Communist living at Yedellin £36, - , ‘
[9154]| . . , .
[9156]‘Apartzent 9, iexico, i. |.
[9158]2o Enclosed for your tnfornation are zhotocopies
[9159]of ‘tho following correspondence sent to Subjects
[9161]Constance NGEES, at dtl] Valiay, California,
[9162]pentioas that sna and sbrahan Aaron MHeLLe?
[9163]have icon at iil Valley since 1 Aujuste Sag
[9164]also sent.ons thet jLert wilt in in los : soy ;
[9165]Angeles ard that sho and He planned to Ot vo
[9166]travel through there in late August. She - -
[9167]refers to two "younsich" Loryers fron Los
[9168]Angeles who came to Man Franeisce for a
[9169]: breata of "fresh air." Sha: vtions Cain ote
[9170]j : . «Ks it— kindness te ber and. HZ .L2H at ML |
[9171]: . . °°. Walley an@ thet KELLY eends hig Love-to Pablo |
[9172]i ; Re, foun: nary, Sha also encloces six photopracha |
[9173]i of hervelf and Wilt. (CH IA3/ 752 Os dated -)°
[9174]to - 12 August 1955, reperted ‘Uit HOU had aakod
[9175]. HAUSER UN to Took for an spartsent tn Haxieo .
[9176]Gity for her for ths winter, of 1R-59») a
[9178]|
[9180]i
[9182]i. ; Be ‘Lotter, dated 10 August 1558, fro os Jane
[9183]|
[9185]1
[9187]1
[9189]i
[9191]a _
[9192]- ; Dobe Lobia, dated 2 Septoster Igo, from startin
[9193]OS . Rolert EauwsiG, The cell, une, Vircinia, (san ,
[9194]/ of dane Constance Ku-:Ri) qnerics HAI Lo ;
[9195]’ . : : about effucts to be siinved. wien the
[9196]: . fesil; yous to Mexico as incirates i
[9197]Lo ; uentions that he and his. fan hore to Te in.
[9198]Yazica by 1 Dy cesdser  Ranings HLAICIA alse, 4 Govan
[9200]perlores® Re
[9202]we
[9203]os
[9205]bus! awe CUS
[9207]ps bee
[9210]_we heve te ere anwar, and we'll cnicr as
[9211]teurints if we can't get re. as Lindy: rants e™
[9212](ey idartly a& lowers
[9214]mid de arranging
[9216]4 fanily to Mexicoe
[9217]“ihe: TB REO TED bretners neiced [LMHAUSEN who are
[9218]practicin,’ leayers in Hexieos)-
[9220]8s Tetter, ‘eated 4 Seplesher 1558, froz Bertin |
[9221]3, Tis Uell, Huns, Virginia,
[9223]requests HALYS.IN to open a Lox inthe main pest
[9224]_effice, in. laxico City fox hia ef fective 1
[9225]- Hovemcre -
[9227]3e this corres: ondenee BAS  epittained from a usually
[9228]roliablo end highly sensitiv- eource and should notte —
[9229]disseninated outside your Hureaite Photocopies of this
[9231], correszundencs have tecn furnished the represcati:t ive of
[9233]your ‘Bureau in Maxdica Citys
[9237]' Enclosurcs! 3 letters, as ceceribed above
[9238]st/3fterico fa ‘ke =. hy October 1958
[9239]Distribution: |
[9241]Orig & 1 = Addressee
[9242]‘Xo RI (201-128561)
[9243]1 = cI/lia
[9244]1 = ROY/RE
[9245]i = CI/REA
[9246]a)
[9247]-W . ;
[9248]1 = WH/3/Subj: HALFERIN .
[9249]1 - WH/3/Subj: ~ROGERS :
[9251]Based ont HA-11103 ~~
[9253]Project Cryptonym: LIBIGHT —
[9255]SERIETINOEORN |
[9256]CONTE CROLL,
[9259]14-0000
[9261]ty
[9263]‘ SECRET
[9265]+ (WHEN FLED IND
[9267]ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
[9269]-earrespand with the number in the "TO" culuma.
[9271]INSTRUCTIONS: Use olticer deaignations in tha “TO columa. Number each commest
[9272]tal (check imark ineufficiest) beloro further routing.
[9274]Draw a Line acroas the sheet under each comment. Each ofiice: should date aad
[9275]This Routing and Record sheet should NOT be removed fiom the attached RECORD document.
[9277]DOCUMENT NUMBER CBF 123569
[9279]2¢ LA ER.
[9281]DOCUMENT DATE
[9283]: DATE [OFFICER'S], . o.
[9284]mecrives ironwaroec) INITIALS” ; COMMENTS :
[9286]. t NOTE: If s copy or attachments are removed from the: at:
[9287]tached document, anole the location of the copy and/or amach-
[9288]iment hereon, Hf thia RECORD COPY is to be retained In
[9289]the tiles ai.the Desk, call the Central File Section for pez
[9290]manent loan. .
[9292]or
[9294]: . gue : .
[9295]Teo 610a SECRET ( ae ;
[9297]14-0000
[9299]mo, BE / 2 369
[9300]UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE :
[9302]FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
[9304]WASHINGTON 25,2 G
[9306]100—d 24136
[9308]Dates — October Bs 1958
[9310]fot: _ kre Be Tomlin Batley
[9311]oo Director
[9313]Office. of Sseurtty
[9314]_ Department. of <tate
[9315]--*. 525 Lend Street, Ne Me
[9316]- . Washington 25, Do Ce
[9318]From: John Edgar Hoover, Director
[9319]: federal Bureau. of Investigation -
[9321]SHCORITY MATTER @ C
[9323]“Subjects BDITH FRISCH HALPERIN ~
[9325]fscords of the Passport Division, Department —
[9327]of State, revealed that captioned tndividual was
[9329]issued a passport in dugust, 1958, at the American
[9330]Bubasay, Kexico City, Hexico. Regarding her travel
[9332]'. plans, she had previously stated she intended to depart
[9333]9.
[9335]from Xextco on July 12, 58, for proposed travel to
[9337]| Surope and tas. biadle Bast for the-purpose of business
[9338]end. pleasure. However, on August 27, 1958, she American
[9340]Sabdassy. advised the Department of State that at the tine
[9342]4 Passport waa issued to the subject she refused to give
[9343]-speciyic travel data but stated she expected to travel
[9344]‘to Israel, returning via Belgiun to visit the Yorid'a-
[9346]Fair at Srussele and would probably stop at intervening
[9347]Points. ;
[9349]Information concerning Halperin haa previously
[9350]deen. furnished to the recipients of this letters miso
[9352]‘investigation ta re patter ia beir
[9353]it
[9355]wled through tre appropriate Legal Attaches.
[9358]1400000,
[9361]— fine POG
[9363]Br. By-Tomlin Batley © 9
[9365]would be apbreciated, however, if thts Bureau té Surntshed
[9366]any pertinent information conesrning Galperin witch may
[9367]Come to. the attention of the Departzent of tate or
[9368]‘the Centrat-Intedligence Agency witle .ahe ta outsida the
[9369]United States, - Be a,
[9370]~ Ca p-Director ce
[9372]- 2 ‘Centeal Intelligence Agency 7
[9374]5 | Attenttons Deputy Dtrector; ;Plans
[9376]fe
[9378]{ 4
[9381]44-0000
[9383]|
[9385]TO + DIRECTOR
[9387]DATE ;
[9389]FROM 1 BERN
[9390]ACTON: WH 5 * —
[9392]INFO * ca/ors, ci/ic, Csr, Fi, i, FI/ors, cE 4, NEA 4, SRA,
[9394]IN 17033 .
[9396]- 10 {Prion ITY), MEXT..; INFO DIR. TELA LISS CARA : CHE BERN 3096 ey
[9398]RE BERN 3009 (IN “1669) * Le
[9399]LIAISON REPORTS SUBJECTS RETURNED ZURICH 21 OCT. SPENT HOUR AND HALF. C5% CON
[9400]- SULATE ZURICH; CANCELLED RESERVATIONS TO TEL AVIV, SCHEDULED LEAVE FOR PRA VIA AuSTAIA
[9401]BY RAIL 23 OCT. LIAISON PLANS EITHER 3ZARCH EFFECTS CLANDESTINELY IN HOTEL OR ;
[9402]THROUGH CUSTOMS CHECK AT BORDER. .
[9403]. "END OF MESSAGE
[9405]S/C COMMENT: RELAY OF THIS CABLE TO TELA HAS BEEN STOPPED BY WASH SIGNAL CENTER.
[9406]A RELAY "REQUEST OF FORM 12 IS REQUIRED, TO EFFECT RELAY.
[9408]-_ c/s COMMENT: FACTION UNIT DETERMINED AS THOUGH INDICATOR DYVOUR USED.
[9410]*SVAURICE HALPERIN AND WIFE, AMERICAN COMMUNISTS, ARRIVED ZURICH FROM LISQON 15 OCT.
[9411]_ TRAVELLED GENEVA’ 15-18°0CT. EXPECTED RETURN ZURICH 20 OCT. SUBJECTS UNDER. DISCREET
[9412]INANETICON SURVEILLANCE. i oe
[9414]7256) aa 247-S606G . y a
[9415]oO rr re
[9416]Poin, 29 vty
[9418]REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHISITED Cery No.
[9420]14-0000
[9422]DATE: 21 Octoter We
[9423]eee ZL
[9425]501 /RUG SEES,
[9426]CRS : HeKing
[9427]UNIT i /3/H a
[9428]EXT: by 56 cet
[9430]a ORAS CR SS So eee
[9432]TO} PEDEs.L GUREAU OF INVESTIGATION ;
[9433]FROM Ske CENTRAL AteLire! CE AGsiicy .
[9435]zp fo | |
[9436]CONF ws n5. DEFER t j | HOR |
[9437]. CPERATIONAL| NTS
[9438]ROUTINE MEDIATE ;
[9439]nO + Ely Ch/oPs, cific, ci/sP, FI, Fi ors, Eo 4, sky, [Pose
[9441]ree pamaacse)
[9443]ME 4, s/c 2 +
[9445]. . ‘OUT: 8632
[9446]TO BE INF
[9447]tori /com na CONTROL , — a
[9448]. FROM 8 POXTUGAL, LISBON; _ SHTTZERLAKD,,. BERN
[9450]DATE OF INFO: 15 = 20 OCTOBER 1958° .
[9451]“SUBJECT «= TRAVEL OF MAURICE HIE aN HALPERIN AND WIFE, ANSRICAN COMMUNISTS
[9452]REPSRRNCE ©: OUR TELWTYPS MESSAGE OF 18 OCTOBER 1958
[9453]1. THE PORTUGUSSE INTERNATIONAL POLICE HAVE RE/ORTED THAT MAURICE Het HALPERTY
[9454]PSCLED OF WEI
[9457]in
[9459]. ASD HIS WIFE, EDITH FRISCH HALPEXIN, ab SRICAN COMMUSISTS HHO ARE SUSI
[9460]SOVIBT AGENTS, LEFT LISBON FOR ZURICH ON 15 CeTUBER 1958 VIA SWISSAIR AND DOICATED
[9461]that THEIR DESTINATION WAS TEL AVIV. HALPERIN CARRIED.U.S. PASSPORT, No., 118071,
[9462]WHICH Was: ISSUED IN MEXICO Ou 26 AUGUST 1958. :
[9463]"2, AN OFFICIAL SWISS SOURCE REPORTED THAT HALPERIN “AND HIS WIFE ARRIVED | ‘AT ZURICH
[9464]“FRG LISBON ON 15: ocTowEtt AND STAYED AT THR HOTEL SCHIEIZERHOF UNTIL 18 OCTOBER, WHEN
[9465]THB ‘THAVELED TO GENEVA. THBY EXPECTED TO RETURN TO ‘ZURICH ON 20 OCTOBER.
[9467]FIELD DISTRIBUTION: NONE
[9468]: (END OF rasSACR)
[9469]. . WS/Portugal (by telephone) i2@ we $e
[9470]. : ; EE/Switzerland (by telephone) Bole; 2P ble
[9471]ABOVE ote (ite ON: : -COGCEDINATING CHHICERS . - _—
[9473]Ce ge. vee GENE
[9474]AUTHENTICATING OFFICER.
[9476]eth NG OFF: Ce
[9478]RE EPROOUCTION BY OTHER THAN TSE ISSUING CFFICE 1S PRCH
[9481]UNIT
[9484]DATE :
[9486]To
[9488]CONF +
[9490]‘INFO
[9492]“to
[9494]ORG :
[9496]FROM: DIRECTOR
[9498]- 662 £R/.
[9500]Charles W. ; \
[9501]WH/FI $-B-G-R-E-T J
[9502]3255 662 |
[9503]21 October 1958 —F
[9504]MEXICO CITY wo
[9506]Wi5
[9507]Ci, ci/oPs, Ci/Ic, Ft, FI/ors, $/¢ 2—
[9509]OPERATIONAL
[9510]IMMEDIATE
[9512]REFS MEX!'2592
[9514]MEX! 2596 , : yc
[9516]1. PLEASE NOTE DEPARTURE OF KEY AMERICAN COMMUNIST
[9518]HALPERIN: RAISES QUESTION RE DATE oF PROCUREMENT OF
[9520]INFORMATION.
[9521]2. To MEET ANY POSSIBLE CRITICISM HERE PLEASE ADVISE —
[9523]WAS LOCAL ‘ODENVY TARDY IN PROCESSING? WHY WAS: LIFEAT
[9525]CONTACT OF 29 SEPTEMBER NOT REPORTED PRIOR, 17 OCTOBER? >
[9527]END OF MESSAGE
[9529]CS COMMENT: # IN 15827, STATED THAT MWJRICE HALPERIN WAS CONTACTING ANN SEBORER
[9530]RE KLM FLT TO LISSOA VIA SAN JOSE, CURACAD, CARACAS. INTERESTED IN KNOWING IF REe
[9531]SERVATIONS COULD SE OB:AINED WITH SHORT NOTICE.
[9533]88 IN 1O8TS.
[9535](Ger Aglare | 48 Ek 88
[9537]Ro . : COORDINATING OFFICERS
[9539]C. KINGVOWH © | + S-E-C-R-E-T ‘| RL. DAHLGREN cya
[9541]BELEASING CREICER RUTHEMTiCatinS OFAcer
[9543]REPROOUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED. Cozy No.
[9546]14-0000
[9548]SS!
[9550]FED MESSAGE
[9552]5 000 Fain es
[9554]pate 126 OCT: 58
[9556]S-E-C=R-E-T
[9558]TO «DIRECTOR ©
[9559]FROM "BERN
[9560]ACTION: WH wis? *s,
[9561]INPO ‘erie, cific, ci/SP, Fl, Fi/ors, ce 4, sR 4, WE 4
[9563]i
[9564]n
[9566]p TO MEXE mo DIR TELA LISB CARA.
[9567]RE MEXI 2596 (IN i575) +** mc ; ao
[9569]1
[9571]_f SUBJECTS ‘ARRIVED ZURICH FROM LISBON 15 OCT, staveD ZURICH HOTEL SCHWEIZERHOF
[9573]7 Le To. 18 oT, WHEN TRAVELLED GENEVA. EXPECTED RETURN ZURICH 20 OCT. THEY UNDER
[9575]oIscrEeT INANLT ION. SURVEILLANCE : OS
[9576]"END OF MESSAGE .
[9579]i . *ACTION UNIT DETERMINED AS THOUGH INDICATOR DTVOUR USED.
[9581]a **RELAY OF THIS CABLE TO TELA HAS BEEN STOPPED BY WASH SIGNAL CENTER, . A “A RELAY
[9582]; REQUEST ON FORM 12 1S. REQUIRED TO EFFECT RELAY. ,
[9584]~®8 REQUESTED SURVEILLANCES WHERE POSSISLE AND. REPORT. ON THE ACTIVITIES OF. .
[9585]MAURICE H LN AND WIFE AMERICAN COMMUNISTS: SUSPECTED SOVIET AGENT WHO LEFT.
[9587]MEXICO CITY FOR CURACAO LISBON. ON.13.0CT. -
[9589]SoEC-RE-T
[9590]REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSING OFFICE 1S PROHISITED, Cory No
[9592]ry PAM nee
[9594]14-0000
[9596]- 893 PeCL/cG/:
[9597]DATE 1 24 OCT 1958
[9599]BIRECTOR
[9600]FROM + LISBON
[9601]. 37 AR. SULC H DW ROTI LED: Igce.26 CCT 59)
[9603]FI, FLiCeS, de 3, eee el
[9605]“TO. DIR BERN TELA® INFO. 4 OTE LISB 3
[9606]URI no ee
[9607]LC IMPROVE
[9609]REFS MEXI | 2596 (x 15°5 5 5)
[9611]MAURICE HALPERIN AND WIFE, EDITH DEPARTED. FOR
[9613]ZURI FROM LISB-15 oct. VIA SWISSAIR. INDICATED DESTINATION
[9614]“TEL AVIV. HALPERIN CARRY ING AMERICAN PASSPORT 113471 LSSUED
[9616]REX] 26 AUGUST 58.
[9618]ENO OF HESSAGE oe
[9620]F228H £/C NOTE: | RE Y OF THIS CABLE TU TELA HAS GSEN &T
[9621]Al A RELAY PEGUEST CN FORM. 42 ts
[9623]uy.
[9624]C/S CGAMENT: #°HALPERINS 01 WAIT is LIST Swiss . MER FRAGT LISUON TO ZURICH FOR 15 OCT.
[9626]4
[9628]PACE IGN UNIT DETERMINED AS. THOUGH : AROICA FOR -DYVOUR USED.
[9630]ino: eh oe
[9632]. . Pepin? SEY
[9633]SECRET ‘
[9635]_ REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE 1S PROHISITED. Copy No.
[9638]14-0000
[9640]165 Gn more
[9641]OaATE 4 .
[9642]ease 9
[9645]“10 = DIRECT
[9647]FROM 1 BERN
[9649]ACTION: WH 5 .
[9651]“INFO CH, C1/0RS,. cific, c1/sP, fly F1/o3, c£ 4, NCA 4, SRA, WES, S/C2 ; j
[9653]a al
[9655]IN 17953
[9657]40 _ (PRIORITY): MEXT ‘ INFO. . DIR TEEA Luss CARA = CHE BERN 3006
[9658], RE BERN 3069 (IN 16687) * —
[9659]LIAISON REPORTS. SUBJECTS RETURNED ZURICH 21 OCT. SPENT HOUS AND. HE!
[9661]SUL éUR PCH, CANCELLED RESERVATIONS TO TEL AVIV, SC! TLE LEAVE
[9663]BY RAIL 23°C4T, -LUAISON PLANS EITHER SLARCH EFFECTS CLANOESTINGLY JN HOTEL OR
[9665]THROUGH. CUSTCMS CHECK AT. BORDER.
[9667]END OF MESSAGE
[9668]S/C COOMENTs *RELAY OF THIS CABLE TO TEL ‘A HAS BEEN STOPPED BY WASH SIGNAL CERTER.
[9670]ACRELAY REQUEST OF FORM 12 15 REQUIRED.TO EFFECT RELAY,
[9672]c/s COMMENT: PACTION UNIT DETERMINED AS THOUGH INDICATOR DYYOUR USED.
[9674]CHMAURICE HALPERIN AND WIFE, AMERICAN COMMINISTS, ARRIVED ZURICH FROM LISBON 15 OCT.
[9675]“TRAVELLED 15-18 COT. EXPECTED RETERN ZURICH 20 CCT. "SUBJECTS UNDER DISCREET
[9676]INANIT LON JRVCILLANCE. So _
[9679]14-0000
[9681]: } PSAEARE GOTRAL IN
[9683]i REFERER OUR TELSTYPE RESSacz :
[9684]4
[9686]3 BRO ARE
[9688]HEENU SOVIET. AGENTS, RETURMED TO Tun
[9690]aS
[9692]IN SURICH, CA
[9694]SAIPAN HOUR AXD A RALY AP
[9696]RESERUASIONS 9O TEL AVIY, ANDERE SCMEDUIEN To LEAYS zine
[9698]_ AUSTRIA BY RALL Gi 23 GCTORSR,
[9700]“FIELD MISURIBUTION: maar
[9701]0 END @ ugxsace’ a, ;
[9703]eke et tenn
[9709]14-0000
[9711]ipa ps 2th Oaare
[9713]. TEL AVIV
[9714]FROM: DIRECTOR
[9716]“CONE _ Cfci/sp 3
[9717]INFO: ‘cop, S/¢ 2
[9719]"OPERATIONAL
[9720]~ IMMEDIATE
[9722]: qo ee . INFO, wal CTE BIR. . Se “ ;
[9723]-. : . wo © A68EE -
[9724]“ RYBAT RHESON.
[9725]“REF DIR 46607 (OUT 86097) *
[9726]21 OCT SUBJ CANCELLED RESERVATIONS TO TELA, NOW SEEIEEDOES
[9727]‘SCHEDULED LEAVE FOR PRAGUE VIA AUSTRIA BY RALL 23 OCT, _
[9728]END OF MESSAGE ose
[9729]C/S COMMENT: "HALPERIN HAD. ARRIVED TURICH FROM LISB 15 OCT VIA SWISSAIR,
[9730]HOICATED: DESTINATION TELA. oo
[9731]. ft Denbiac hod .
[9732]ta, Hilorg, picsek
[9733]WEL a see .
[9734]Catan i Heh {: , CooRtINATING. Orel cees
[9736]> STEPHEN, MOLD SPp | / $-E-C-R-E-T | AUIRENTISATING OFFICER
[9737]REPRODLICTISSN BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE 1S PROHIBITED. "Copy No.
[9740]14-0000
[9742]TO. FEDEn.L BUPEAU OF INVESTIGATION | pong bet ]
[9743]FROM 1 -BER REE CENT THAL INTELLIGENCE aGExc =
[9744]CONF: WH 5. : se :
[9745]i PS ATIONAL! NITAS |
[9746]£ VAMEDIATE |
[9748]INFO: CL, Ci /ors, cific; 1 /sP) Fl, | Fi/ors, cE-4, sR 4,
[9749]‘ WE 4 s/c 2 “ . Oe
[9751]— .
[9754]|
[9755]4 )
[9756]i our ashe
[9758]Oo. INFO . ce TE pip:
[9759]"4 woFoRN/ec CONTINUED CONTROL” ae a
[9760]_ Pion + FOWTUGAL, ‘L15B0n; SHITZEALAND, BERN
[9761]“UATE OF INFO: .15 = 20 ocTuBER 1958 .
[9762]SUBJECT, ©. s TRAVEL OF HAURICE HAN NALPERIN AND NIFE, AMERICAN cantiists
[9763]“REPEUKNCE ©: OUR TELETYPE MESSAGE OF 18 OCTUBER 1958
[9765]“1, THE PORTUGUESE INTERUATIGNAL POLICE HAVE RE-CATED THAT KAURIGS WYMAN HALPERIN
[9767]be
[9769]8) i013 ViPS, SDITA FRISCH KALPRUDY, a BRICK OGL UNISTS WMO. 25 3USf1.O7S9 ce PLN
[9770]SOVIET AaisTS, LEFT LISBOH FOR ZURICH ON 15 COTUBER 1958 VIA SWISSAR. AD TNDICATED
[9771]Tila THETA OUSTINATIGN WAS" TEL AVIV. HALPERIN, CARIISD U.S. PASSPORT NO. 118U71,
[9772]ne iTCH WAS tssuep IN MEXICO O81 26 AUGUST 1958.1:
[9774]Be AN OFFICIAL Sa133 SOURCE RE TED THAT HALPEAIN aw HIS WIFE A:SIVED aT ZURICH
[9776]FRG LISBON ON 15° OCTOBER AND STAYED AT TAB, HOTS SCH:TSIZERHOP out 18 CCTOBER, \VHEN
[9777]THEY THAVELED TO GENEVA, THEY EXPECTED 70 set TO ZURICH ON 20 OCTCER.
[9778]; FIELD DISTRIBUTION: KONE :
[9779]oo : a oF ss). -
[9781]; s/Portiigal, “Oy teleshone)
[9782]: ; ‘BE/Swi taerland (by telephone)
[9783]ADCIS Lio a . COCESINATING cerca .
[9785]re a :
[9790]14-0000
[9792]565 eo/ ate - 8 CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
[9793]onG | STEPHEN 4.1L.LETT
[9794]UNiT- 1 CI/SPD | SECRET
[9795]GAT. : 22924
[9796]DATE | _21 OCTOBER 1951 iste
[9797]1: COS TEL AVIV
[9799]- FROM: DIRECTOR
[9801]CONF. | C/C1/SP 3
[9802]Mo. CoP, S/6o2
[9804]. IMMEDIATE
[9806]Crane | BaLALS
[9808]“CITE DIR
[9810](0 DEREK TELA 00.
[9812]RYBAT RHYTON a | | . Jd,
[9813]REF DIR 46465 (OUT 85727) * | -
[9814]eS _ SUBIESES ARRIVED ZURICH FROM LISB 15 OCT “1A SWISSAIR. - -
[9815]SCM. INDICATED DESTINATION ‘EK MVEKX TELA. SUBJ WOF-CARRYING
[9816]PBPRIME PASSPORT 118071 ISSUED MEX 26 AUG 1958.
[9817]a ag 7 -ENO OF MESSAGE:
[9818]os. COMMENT:
[9820]-8HQS FORWARDED: INFO-RE MOVEMENTS. OF MAURICE HALPERIN AND WIFE, AMERICAN,
[9821]COMMUNISTS. SUSPECTED SOVIET AGENTS» oe
[9823]Boveri Cope a
[9825]po, Lo 7 Hog ne
[9827]oe ee NE LO SA
[9829]Vi oo L ™ COORDINATING Orsicens
[9830]duds Mlle |
[9831]STEPHEN MUGLETE.C(E1/SPD SECRET AUTRESTICATING OFFICER
[9832]~ REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROMISITED. Copy Ne a.
[9835]14-0000
[9837].
[9838]000 ER/SP oo
[9839], : od
[9841]DATE 120 OCT 55
[9843]oo pies TS SE
[9845]10 ? DIRECTCR
[9847]FROM 1 BERN
[9849]ACTION: WH 5* “ROUTINE
[9851]“INFO se y:21/0°s, ci/Ic, cr/SsP, Al, r/o, EE 4, SR b, we y
[9853]s/C 2
[9855]IN 16287
[9856]2, MEXI ©, to. DIR, TELA LISB “CARA. are «BERN 3089
[9857]fees RE “MEX: 2596 (IN 15h75)s* . -
[9859]+s: SUBJECTS ARRIVED ZURICH FROM LISBON 15 ocT, STAYED ZURICH HOTEL SCHWEI ZERHOF
[9861]15 TO 18 OCT, \WEN TRAVELLED GENEVA, EXPECTED RETURN ZURICH 20 OCT. THEY UNDER
[9862]DISCREET | INARITION SURVEILLANCE: a
[9863], END OF MESSAGE
[9865]_C/S COMMENTS:
[9866]*ACTION UNIT DETERMINED AS THOUGH INDICATOR DTVOUR USED,
[9868]“*4RELAY OF THIS CABLE TO TELA HAS BEEN STOPPED BY WASH SIGNAL CENTER, A RELAY
[9869]REQUEST” oN FORM 12 IS REQUIREO TO EFFECT RELAY. . : .
[9871]- | ###REQUESTED SURVELLLANCES- WHERE POSSPLE AND REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF
[9872]“MAURICE HALPERIN AND- WIFE AMERICAN | COMMUNISTS SUSPECTED SOVIET AGENT WHO “LEFT
[9874]MEXICO CITY. FOR CURACAO LISBON ON: 13 OTe
[9876]$-E-C-R-E-T .
[9877]REP?ODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THe ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHISITED © Cosy to
[9879]Vee
[9881]14-0000
[9883]ps
[9885]i. . Ay
[9886]thal povin, Wane.
[9887]ROUTING
[9891]FROM 4 LISBON
[9893]. SuaCH ony NOTIFIED 1900-20 OCT 353)
[9895]“MEX! ae “TE LISB 1333
[9897]INFO
[9899]DIR BERN TELA® CARA
[9900]ZURI-
[9902]LC IMPROVE
[9906]REFS MEX 2596 Cin 1shy5 ).
[9908]MAURICE HALPERIN aND WIFE, EDITH DEPARTED FOR
[9909]ZUR FROM LISS, 13 OCT. VIA SWISSAIR. . INDICATED DESTINATION
[9910]“TEL AVIV, HALPERIN CARRY ING AMERICAN PASSPORT T 118971 ISSUED
[9911]_MEXT 26 AUGUST
[9913]END OF MESSAGE’
[9915]LAY CF THIS CABLE TOTELA HAS
[9916]Pie. A RELAY BECUEST CN FORK
[9918]C/S. CO MME:T: *SHALEERIES On wAIT He LIST S2i8g SIR FROY LISEO TO ZURICH
[9920]Acre UNIT DETER NEO AS, THOUGY i? HICATOR * SYVOUR se
[9922]REPRODUCTION f¥ OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED. . Cépy No.
[9924]i
[9926]14-0000
[9928]603 Bo/ate/ * CLASSIFIED MESSAGE me
[9929]onc: STEPHEN MILLETT an wunNG
[9930]UM: CIr/SPDp 6. er 4 S-E.C-R-E-T an — a — .
[9931]EXT 7 ae a a ee
[9932]“62831 rn a, te _ is]
[9933]DATE. 29 QOCTORER 1958 iv = —
[9934]; Claes ce ae IY 9n a at
[9935]ee PEL AVIV: uP ce O20 Jezde
[9936]Fro, DIRECTOR Lo oo C} ROUTINE, CL CABLE S227. .
[9937]cont; - -C/C1/SP 3 ; eae an hae _Aworty Oy
[9938]oo . mo . icy marimara: | INITIALS *
[9939]Into; COP, 8/¢ 2. on Becca TEL | ORSON
[9940]fi, Freee we -
[9941]we BR gu?
[9942]se TO oe SINFO ee DIR, ;
[9943]0 TELA. re _ 64655
[9944]'- RYBAT RHYTON © ,
[9947]1, MAURICE HALPERIN AND WIFE, AMERICAN COMMUNISTS SUSPECTED
[9948]SOVIET AGENT LEFT MEXICO CITY KLM FLIGHT 988 FOR CURACAO LISBON
[9950]KLM FLIGHT 722 ON 13 OCT,
[9952]2. ‘KLM ADVISES RESER VATIONS MADE IN NAME MR AND MRS DANIEL
[9954]: PASTOR AND LATE oN 11 OCT CALL FROM MEXI AMERICAN TRAVEL AGENCY
[9956]ADVISES PASTORS HAD CANCELLED REQUESTED SUBSTITUTE MR AND MRS
[9958]MAUR ICE HALPERIN.
[9960]3. HALPERINS ON WAITING LIST SWISS AIR FROM LISBON TO ZURICH ;
[9962]FOR 15 OCT AND KLM ADVISES. TELEPHONIC REQUEST BY "MR PASTOR"
[9964]“ASKED PRICE ROUND TRIP TICKET ZURICH TO TELA. ¢ fo ee
[9966]A PROBABLY HALPERINS PLAN JOIN ALFRED & BACKER, KAUFMAN’ AND
[9970]MARTHA, DODD STERN IN PRAGUE. RESER VATION TECHNIQUE SAME AS
[9972]HALPERIN USED WHEN: HE.MADE PLANS FOR STERNS FLEE TO SOVIET UNION,
[9973]coors NatTING OFFICERS
[9975]AUTHENTICATING OFFICER
[9977]RELEASING OFFICER .. S-E-C-R-2-T 7
[9978]REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED. Copy Nay
[9980]14.0000
[9982]* t
[9984]ORIG: ROUTING
[9985]UNI > \ -
[9986]Eto. 1
[9987]Dale: 1
[9988]det 2 al
[9990]10. - TEL AVIV
[9991]From: DIRECTOR
[9993]REC'D CABLE Stu.
[9995]NITALS.
[9997]co : |
[9998]: . OPERATIONAL | “4S
[9999]INFO ¢ 2 : IMMEDIATE — |.
[10000]_ PAGE2 - — :
[10001]; oe oR 46465
[10002]out 8 _
[10003]Soto Fa INFO ee a=], 2:1) cr
[10004]4 on o 2 ra . wot . . Le 4
[10005]oe
[10007]a
[10009]5, REQUEST SURVEILLANCE AND REPORT IF SUBJ ARRIVES TEL
[10011]il.
[10013]AVIV.
[10015]“END OF MESSAGE mo, ee
[10017]. _ -
[10018]Vii. Mellel
[10019]STEPHEN MILLETT,, CEO ee] avrwantreatine onesees
[10020]reproouctid hy OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED. Copy No. 7? ;
[10022]14-0000
[10024]025 /e R/O, ef, CLASSIFIED MESSAGE 7
[10025]pATE 5 17 OCT 1953
[10026]__R5
[10028]+ DIRECTOR
[10030]. ie) ;
[10032]FROM + MEXICO city
[10033](MR, BRADY AND MR OGoEN, WH OLY,
[10035]ACTION +. WH 5 “NOTIFIED 0115 13 OCT 5S)
[10037]NFO 4 a C1 Z0PS, cific, Fi, F1/0PS, ce 4, NEA A, SRA
[10040]; TO PRITY DIR BERN NO AOS are = MEX! 2596
[10041]: "* TELA LISB CARA va Y ws
[10042]F ZURI {° tt y
[10043]+182 oars
[10044]LSS al Aa
[10047]1. MAURICE. HALEER LN AND WIFE, ANERT tERICAN COMMUNISTS SUSPECTED,
[10049]SOVIET AGENT LEFT MEXICO CITY KLM FLIGHT $3 FOR CURACAO LISBON
[10050]. then . _ taneelled » Se et.
[10052]moot . AY be
[10053]KUM: FLIGHT 722 ON 13 OCT. ig mine. of Bawiel esteem, oa
[10055]Se edu anke ot GET ap torch Vs Tat % a
[10057]2. KLM ADVISES RESERVAT GE TN RANE BRAND MRS | DANIEL pce. ee
[10059]PASTOR AND LATE ON 11 OCT CALL FROM NEXI AMERICA TRaver acency 2"
[10060]ADVISES PASTORS HAD CANCELLED REQUESTED SUBSTITUTE MR ANO MRS |
[10062]_ MAURICE HALPERIN.
[10063]3. HALPERINS ON WAITING LIST SWISS AIR FROM LISBON TO
[10066]ZURICH FOR 15 OCT AND KLM ADVISES TELEPHONIC REQUEST BY Tie
[10067]PASTOR" ASKED PRICE ROUND TRIP TICKET ZURICH Rie) TELAVIV, So 2 » Y
[10069]toe
[10071]whe gies ee, p OBABLE HALPERINS PLAN JOIN/A ALERED SaveManl ano
[10073]ea nn
[10075]May WCE - ~. Me
[10076]Nes es! is MaRTa Dooo~STERN “IN PRAGUE. RESERVATION TECHNIQUE SAME AS by Ses
[10077]i — HALPERIN USED WHEN HE MADE: PLANS FOR STERNS FLEE- TO SOVIET UNION,
[10079]: _ 5. REQUEST SURVEILLANCES WHERE POSSIBLE, REPORTS.
[10080]ys 4 . a ' | END OF MESSAGE
[10081]*RELAY OF THIS CASLE TQ TELA HAS SEE: STOPFED SY ease SUGKAL CENTER.
[10083]£ C/8 COMMENT:
[10084]: A RELAY REQUEST CH POR 12, is.
[10086]eee. TO _ESFECT RE
[10088]oo | SECRET i
[10090]3 ; _ REPRODUCTION BY OTRER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE tS PROHIBITED. Copy No. 5
[10094]14-0000
[10098]WALPEAIN, " yaurtee : ‘SUBIUCT 201128 1
[10099]FOLDER : 36
[10101]aka FASTUR, Danfel = FOLDER
[10103]: W 151755, Next 2556, 18-10-58 (subj fdr) Subj, & wife :
[10104]: . * American Communists suspected Soviet Agent |
[10105]- Left: Mexico. City ‘for Curacao Lisbon on
[10106]"13 Oet dn name of Daniel FASTOR; then ~
[10107]_ cancelled use of PASTOR; inquiry made of
[10108]|. trip: Zurich te Tel Aviv; probs plan join. ;
[10109]Alfred KAUFMAN - “and Mrthan ‘Dedd STERN in :
[10110], _ Prague, Subj's wife's nane = Edith Frigh |
[10111]BO “HALPERIN
[10112]‘ waW-12938, 1 109-59 (MALTZ, ‘Albert subj fldr)
[10114]OVER —>-
[10116]a aka HALPERIN, Maurice fre. .
[10118]“IW -1SU7S, Mexd 2596, 18210458 (Maurice x HALPERIN subj file) ;
[10119]. Subj is. wife of Maurice HALPERIN’
[10120]IN IAI, Mexd 3532, 21-3+59 (SEBURER, Max subd. fdr)
[10122]; Adun, 27-3-59 (SEs0RR, Max subs fldr) ©
[10124]rected CAAA S
[10126]7
[10128]; Nica,
[10130]2-01-JaSSel
[10133]14-0000
[10135]: TO
[10136]FROM + "DIRECTOR > aah ee TSTELLIGENCS AGHUCY >
[10138]CONE | At 5/ .
[10139]Le a
[10140]BPO 1! Cl, CH/OFS, CI/IC, FI, FI/OPS, SRL. S/c2
[10142]10.
[10144]7 baz ae atedes FW Se aSsifieD
[10145]ONG . SEERY G GTASX ?
[10146]UNIT, CH/3/GUaTSAADS
[10148]“ext =: 2660
[10149]“DATE 1 13 CCTOSER 1958. 542
[10151]EROUTING |
[10154]: FEDERAL BURSA CF INVESTIGATION =
[10158]i
[10160]OPURA ' TONAL
[10161]IMMEDIATE
[10163]_ Ne ITE BR
[10165]"FROM t MSLICO, iextc0 city
[10166]DATE OF IXAO, 52S OGTOBR 1958
[10167]SUBJECT : SRAVEL OF MAURICE HALPERIN AND WIPE, coBMRITSTS
[10169]so ACCORDING TO A PERSON WITH ACCESS TO TRAVEL RECORDS, WHO IS a
[10170]" USUALLY RELIABLE SCURCE, MAURICE HALPERIN AND XIS WIFE, AMERICAN COMMUNISTS —
[10171]WHO ARB SUSPLOTSD OF BEING SOVIET ‘ACENTS, LEY? MEXICO CITY VIA KLM FLIGUT 988
[10172]FOR CURACAO, AND LISBON VIA KLM FLIGHT 722 ON 13 OCTOBER.
[10174]20 THS RESERVATIONS WERE AADS IN THE NAMS CF UR, AND WRS, DANIEL PASTER,
[10175]own OCTUSER A AED FROL Tile MSXICO-AMERIGA TRAVEL AGENCY ADVISED KLM THAT
[10177]‘THE PASTORS: HAD CANCELLED THEIR TRIP AND: REQUESTED THAT KLM SUBSTITUTE JR, AND. > -
[10179]ERS, wat RIVE RALPSRIN,
[10181]. N
[10182]“3. Tu HAETERISS. ARE OH A UAITING LIST GF SWISS AIR FROM LISBON TO ZURICH \ ;
[10185]FOR 15 coToseR. A TELEPHONIC RECUEST BY ® UR, PASTOR" ASKED THE PRICE OF A
[10186]-ROULD TRIP TICKS? FROW ZURICH TO TELAVIV, (FIED COMMENT, PROBABLY THE
[10187]“HALPERLG PLAN {0 JOIN ALFRED KAUFMAN AND biaptia DOOD STSRY IN PRAGUE, THE
[10188]RESERVATION TGHXIQUE IS THE SAS AS TAN‘ONS RALPERIN USED WHEN HE MADE
[10190]3 $ 9 ae 4 rt .
[10191]COORDINATING’ OFFISER : v7) “ » FF /
[10193]SECRET so 128 SSH
[10195]RELEASING Qrercae AUTHENTICATING Orrican
[10197]Bey REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE iSSUING OFFICE 1S PROHIBITED. Copy No.
[10199]peo.
[10202]Weeesmvruks teas nh Beet dtr recRiPhoo ce
[10204]14-0000
[10206]Cpe raters rete mares atenes Mieennmecints HO te
[10210]fo Mi aera ete tan te
[10212]omateratnant aemtarme te a hata we mee
[10214]“ROUTING
[10216]2 “m= ASSIFIED MESSAGE
[10220]FROM» DIRECTOR » C18 .
[10221][ene | [moe
[10222]CONF 1 4
[10223]Piss aaa
[10225]INO ATE DIR
[10226]|. 2° PAGE 2 ; —
[10228]PLANS FOR THE STERN'S FLIGHT TO THE SOVIET UNION.)
[10229]_ PYELD DISTRIBUTION: LIGAL ATTACHE
[10231]END OF MESSAGE
[10233]ABOVE BASED ON MEXI 2596 IN 15475
[10237]a Dede
[10239]WH
[10240]AUTHENTICATING OFFICER
[10242]Copy No.
[10244]RELEASING Orfricte
[10246]REPRODUCTION 8Y OTHER - THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE 1S PROHIBITED.
[10252]‘ ; ae Wen a
[10253]ORK
[10254]UNIT
[10255]NT
[10257]|e conours 138
[10259]TO + ifXICO CITY
[10260]FROM 1 DIRECTOR
[10262]pRionity
[10264]BS —
[10265]‘ OPERATIONAL
[10266]IMMEDLA TE
[10268]CONF: WH 5
[10269]IO + CI, ci/oPs, FI, FI/oPS, S/c 2
[10271]HQS PASSED _MEXI 2596 IN 15475 TO ODENVY. PLEASE PASS ODENVY IOCALLY,
[10273]-END OF LESSACE
[10275].
[10276], 18. Dal. 678
[10277]- (FOr1 2R Sal vo ,
[10278]aS D.. COOROINATING orrrcens
[10279]obese Dong Rota nDordye
[10281]WD | SBCRED
[10282]. : : c/ ACTH sun Ornican
[10284]RELEASING Orica
[10286]REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFRCE IS PROHIBITED. * Copy No.
[10289]14-0000
[10291]7O OR
[10295]t
[10297]ROUTIAG
[10299]- & _—\ . . ;
[10300]—_$ __CLASSIFIED MESSAGE _.
[10302]WN5 MUA ay.
[10303]DATE + = «17 OCTOBER 1958
[10305]a Fi ber If 16 Sat |
[10306]. ee oa \owbe'd CABLE SECT. |
[10308]INFO
[10310]ate
[10311]|
[10312]{.
[10314]4 - Ch, Ct/oPs, Ci/IC, FI, Fi/ops, $/¢ 2
[10316]nO . 8 TE MEXE. 2592.
[10318]1. MAURICE HALPERIN CONTACTING ANN SEBORER RE KLM FLT
[10319]To LISBOA NIA SAN JOSE, CURACAO, CARACAS. ° “INTERESTED IN KNOWING
[10321]AF RESERVAT {ONS CAN BE OBTAINED WITH SHORT NOTICE. ANN SESORER
[10322]ALSO CHECKED FOR CANPAC WITHOUT STOP IN UNITED STATES FOR TRIP
[10324]TO LISBOA. (LIFEAT 29 SEPT Doc).
[10325]2. ANN SEBORER TELLING FRIENDS OF FURNISHED APT. ON. CALLE
[10327]- “MEDELLIN FOR RENT FOR 6 MONTHS-YEAR. FC: HALPERIN LIVES AT.
[10328]“MEDELLIN 36,APT 9. ALSO TELLING OF GOOD BUY ON STUDEBAKER 5g
[10329]VINTAGE AT 12, 0 PESOS. WHICH HAS HAD ONLY 1 ORIVER. fC: HAL
[10330]PERIN OWNS 58 STUDEBAKER. BOTH HAY BE ME ERE” COINCIDENCE. SOURCE
[10332]“LIFEAT 00C. a .
[10333]3. HALPERIN SEEING ANN SEBORER PERSONALLY ‘ON ARRANGEMENTS .
[10335]. ALTHOUGH PHONING FOR APPOINTMENT WITH HER. “LIFEAT B DOC.
[10336]‘ HALPERIN STILL IN MEX! 8 OCT WHEN EDITH ASKED MGT
[10338]MALTZ OVER FOR COFFEE. LIFEAT Bpoc. :
[10339]END OF MESSAGE a9 GA 33
[10342]SECRET
[10344]REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED. Copy No
[10346]healt moneys. Nene co ee. ol
[10348]P52 atet en.
[10350]wu
[10352]rm tee tiene ee rene
[10357]OH
[10358]es TELA LISS CARA
[10360]25/58, eden CLASSIFIED MESSAGE 7
[10363]CATE os 17: XT 158. | SECRET (“yee
[10364]TO t OIRECTR
[10365]FROM oe MEXICO CITY
[10366]{vR. BRADY AND MR OGDEN WH OIV
[10367]ACTON: BH 5 NOTIFIED O15 19 OCT? 9)
[10368]BPO 1 C1,c8fPS, CU/IC, FI FL /ops: ce 4, wea 4, SRS
[10369]. we 3, $4 ca ? cl, :$° ; . NM . - : :
[10370]PRITY DIR BERN RO ae -MEXT 2596
[10373]+ MAURICE HALPERIN’ AND, WIFE, AMERICAN COMMUNISTS SUSPECTED
[10374]SOVIET AGENT LEFT MEX!CO CITY KLM FLIGHT 983 FOR CURACAO LISBON
[10376]KLM FLIGHT fee ON 13 OCT.
[10378]2. KLM. ADVISES RESERVATIONS MADE IN NAME MR AND MRS DANIEL.
[10379]PASTOR AND LATE ON 11 OCT CALL FROM MEXI AMERICA TRAVEL AGENCY
[10380]ADVISES PASTORS HAD CANCELLED: REQUESTED SUBSTITUTE MR AND. MRS
[10382]MAURICE HALPERIN,
[10384]3- “HALPERINS ON WAITING LIST SwiSS AIR FROM LISBON TO
[10385]ZURICH, FOR 15. OCT AND KLM ADVISES TELEPHONIC ‘REQUEST ‘BY "MR
[10387]PASTOR" ASKED: PRICE ROUND TRIP TICKET ZURICH ‘TO TELAVIV.
[10389]4. FC. PROBASLE HALPERINS PLAN JOIN ALFRED KAUFMAN AND
[10390]MARTHA DCC’ STERN IN PRAGUE. RESERVATION TECHNIQUE SAME AS
[10392]HALPERIN USED WHEN. HE MADE ‘PLANS FOR STERNS FLEE TO SOVIET UNION.
[10394]- 5 REQUEST SURVEILLANCES WHERE POSSIBLE, REPORTS. :
[10395]END OF MESSAGE ;
[10397]£ C's cone: ore OF THIS CASLE TO TELA HAS BEEN STOPPED BY WASH SIGRAL CENTER,
[10398]... A RELAY & ST.) FORM te 1s Qurece: TO TEFEct BCLS. yy vy Z os
[10399]» BEQUINEE: TO _EEFECT SEL: 4
[10400]wal 9s 256 a +g) r Ye a
[10401]SECRET L Ram 27 31
[10403]_ REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE { PROHIBITED. Copy Na’
[10406]14-00000 .
[10409]~ . ee at
[10410]° _ : - . oe acd -
[10411]re 2S
[10412]grins aa
[10416]i Re Dimn:etcy , ,
[10417]i Peuoral iurenu of investigation a .
[10418]} “Attention: ie be ve Match i a : ns
[10419]7 Fwd, _ Bupway Clrwotor, Pisns. SO OE
[10421]! SUES. Beodren bilson WEB: :
[10423]I. ne
[10425]i - Le Roferaen ts enda to cur 6. R3/751,00h, cated uw
[10426]H ‘Augee®t 1958, cancoming Sub ect, formar USS euaployea end a -
[10427]cuntact of daurdca HAL a Piean Gxsamist. in Saxnien
[10428]5 aa
[10429]City, tahjert de nos eanloyed ‘at the tnt iweratty af Calton ‘- ; ween bey :
[10430]fo - . 2o . Formanisd for ths “Anforsation of your Uureau da a - : a
[10431]i Plwtesraphic copy of a letter, dated 6 duns 19.0, Dron 4
[10432]H tun. geet to WISH, BAER ben ticns thst the Sofa Pauily te, ee :
[10433]H planmed to learo Berialsy oa 30 ain ty gu So Purcje, via . . oF
[10434]f Bashingten UC. and Mew York Gliy, EI! also rays bo hss . 7 SB
[10435]; _ Pemomoneded 1) LrkclA to the pnw pelupedia ‘Rr itanmies aa aa. oo “OE,
[10436]: Gipars on agian stationica ard roarmay . : oe wae —— :
[10437]7 a "oe lotion ap obtained ‘frus a usually relistle *
[10438]Tae end pAphly, sensitive eueurve end. shall not be disoeninated L
[10439]i furthers _ . 3
[10441]Enelasure) ome det: eP us. denceued above - Ee
[10442]_ Wasi takeshinvo ke 30 Sentenber 1958 | :
[10443]i Distritetins : Se, —
[10444]r Orig & 1 Aduressoe uo. ote. . . ae
[10445]: Le] RT (201-223839) - oo re
[10447]} or an
[10448]i vi -. /3/toxteo
[10449]i - 1+ =- anf
[10450]: '
[10452]Dased anz oH unnosne
[10455]Project Cryptonymt Lune 7 Aue
[10456]Ba 7 . oes stl
[10457]Ah Mea Vey . .
[10458]iiviitece bade (SZ AY
[10460]14-0000
[10462]- en/s/iastitnke' “ia
[10464]SECRET/RAFORN
[10465]CONTINEED GuNTROL
[10467]Bok
[10469]TW: Director , 7
[10470]Fedsral Burosu of Investigation
[10471]Attentions Kr, 3. J. Popich
[10473]Fs: Deputy Director, Plana
[10474]| SUBJSCT: Rawrlea Rysan BALPERIN -
[10476]we en ee
[10477]° an
[10479]. | Je Referance ia made to our CSCI-3/751, 319, dated
[10480]h Septorbar 1958, and to other correspondence conbderning .
[10481]Subject, on American Commniat in Haxico,
[10483]2. On 19 August 1958 an appointment HALPERIN had
[10484]‘with Narciso BASSULS, know Soviet egent, wma changod
[10485]from 2 to 22 August, ainca BASSULS would not be in
[10486], Mexico City on 72 August, Cm 22 August RALPERIN was
[10487]informed that BASSOLS could not see hik until 25 August.
[10489]3. The above information was paseod to. your
[10490]repmcentative in Haxico City, It was obtained fron
[10491]© usually reliable and highly. sensitive source and should
[10492]Hob be disseminaied further, - .
[10494]8CT~3/751,633, _
[10495]22: Séptenber 1958
[10496]Distribution: Based on:- HMN~3680
[10498]Orig £1 ~ Addressee : .
[10500]o1 = RI (201~128561) Project Cryptonym: LIFEAT
[10502]7. 1 - CI/Lia ne a,
[10504]+ 1 = EQURE
[10506]oo 1 = CI/Rea
[10508]Le wy/3fextco
[10510]COMMS SUNTRUL
[10512]mew
[10516]Psat a bal ate
[10518]ee er A te Te See ae a
[10520]14-0000
[10522]Ws Director
[10523]Federsl Bureau of Invootigation
[10524]“Attention: ur, S. de Papich
[10526]FRAG Bopaty Direotor, Plana oe
[10527]_SUASCRN _#eur ico Hyman. HALARIH .
[10529]1. “Reformnve is nade. to or eicla3/751, 168, dated 26
[10530]August, 1958, and to other comanendence concem ing Subjeet,
[10531]an Aservican Commniet livin: at Medellin §36, Aparteont 9,
[10533]Mexico, DY.
[10535]2s. Rnelosed for your information are pin tocopins of
[10536]tha following corrugpondency sent ta Subject:
[10538]a) Letter, pos taarked 28 april 1958,. fron
[10539]David HALPARIN, Subdject's' aon, a swdical
[10540]student in Chicayo, Liinois, | corcums
[10541]David'a atuddes and his health, and
[10542]mantions that he was olectsd to tho
[10544]- Strdent povernacnt on the Student |
[10545]Reprosun tative Party tickote - '
[10547]b) Rota, dated 3 day 1-58, fron Subject"o
[10548]= motb r,s -at -B7ly Bluehill Avanua,. Dorchester,
[10549]lossacmuigettu, concern Purely faally ;
[10550]mb bLoree
[10552]o) Letter, dated 9 ay 1988, £ fron Badie F.-
[10554]. BIPMBAUS, @ Chasd Street, Lynn, dassacho=
[10555]setts, given news of frinnds snd relatives
[10556]of the HALVERIHo, tnelading one Elinor :
[10557]QuLS-AH : .
[10559]a) Lotter, postsiarked 18 usy 1958; fre David
[10560]HALFiJGH, concerns his studies and Atving
[10561]arrenpenentas
[10563]a Lt £ °
[10565] Qole/8 Gsés
[10569]atonypet
[10572]°)
[10574]f)
[10576]- the Italgan past of the #
[10577]. Tro parts of the lotter aay bo of eiypificances
[10578]| Firet, 2nRS! gommente on tte Italian
[10580]Lettar, dated 29 Avril, fron A. NWEF: “AN, in
[10581]Saritdaw, Chile, indicates that HALMEdIA many
[10582]hsvo asked tha writar for melp, poosdbly in
[10583]finding a jobe (A. LPAN La bol deved :
[10584]identical with Adolfo DuctaN, a sunpected
[10585]Cowsuntst and foruer exjloyee of tho United
[10586]Rations who fa now -in arqoiting gi: PKAI and -
[10588]‘Fanny, his wife, wore both bim in the Soviet
[10590]Union, but DON*daN io believed to be a eitiaea
[10591]of Anpuntina now.) The eriter deserites ~
[10592]hinself oo a Pneil-inow and uncesipromia ing®.
[10593]gup.orter of (President) FH NLL (of
[10595]“Argentina) and sara thet. sinco tho latter's
[10597]election. triumph he (the. writer) hea been
[10598]®practically sneuwed under with requesto for
[10600]assistance, advice, ote.” (It is believed
[10602]that Do yAN did, in Tact, accept a pouitden
[10603]as ‘an adviser in the FE..NDTZi povernsunt.)
[10605]“Tho letter also enelosed a handwritten nota,
[10607]Signed [Fanny .*
[10609]latter, dusted 9 Hay 1958, fron Rob and ferry
[10610]AGN (eka Martin Robort RUE and Tereea—
[10612]Soracce R GEES), in Vonice, italy, describes
[10615]election: "The CP dis canvai,ming, vigorously
[10616]and apending a lot of nonoy. They and the
[10617]Christian Denocrata aro the only ones you
[10618]seoa to feel, ‘the local papers. ove resigned
[10620]- to leftist gains, ev the linediate future of
[10622]Italy will depend in larye.jpart on the
[10623]coalitions that Neti may bo willing to farm?
[10625]' Secund, his °feu-randon notes"s “Just es
[10627]Many cops as in Honito'a (MUUSOLIN's) days
[10629]. U.S. miosile base struddles industrial Italy.
[10631]U.S. army vehicles c.nstantl, on highways. in
[10632]this recion (Turindilan-Venice)." The letier
[10633]also rentions tho fact thet ths Ru iWiS were”
[10634]going on to Austria ang Brussels after -
[10635]completing thet? tour. of Ttelys
[10638]14-0000
[10640]i
[10644]7 g) Lottar, dsted ls Hay 1959, fron Jaear LIN ls,
[10645]oO at the University of Iliinots, concams sane
[10646]translations HALSRIN-wns dving for LAWis.
[10647]Le.15 says that he haa. overdram hin resoarch
[10648]account am! sake Hai ERIN to Lehe thio into
[10649]gecount shen emputing his bil] for thea .
[10650]traislations. IBIS also save that he is -
[10652]“oping to be able to visit Maxico tho first
[10654]'. tro weoks in dunes ,
[10656]34 The curfespcndence waa obtairiod froma usualy
[10657]_‘yeliable and highly sensitive svurco and Should not be dissan.
[10662]no loouress 7 lettora as esser bed sbove
[10664]a oa
[10665]atten hinds . ae
[10666]WH/3/Moxico/L.Washinkos ke 2h September 1958
[10668]Diatribution: .
[10669]Orig & 1 = Addresses
[10670]1 --RT (201-128561)
[10671]1 = CY/Lia
[10673]a _ “.. Based ont tanu-20320 *, t
[10676]Project Cryptonym:. ‘LIRTG 7
[10678]CESRITINSRGAN
[10679]fee + . wide
[10681]Go .
[10684]2bl- JAP Ss
[10687]4-00000
[10689]OTT | Airlines tht, 690.on 11 Sentenver 1953.
[10691]ome 1955. his etatug was cfinaged 10. shat ofa.” "tachnical immigrant”. yetronctive_to October ;
[10693]Shes from Healey ve the seo Light at MEASEMIEIM,
[10695]be oa. Jord ates
[10698]Dope [RSG
[10699]vee we OFAN Ved ew ars) ter
[10701]DISPATCH 7 sestar . 7 1004-A-11158
[10703]“SRT
[10705]1 Gnlef, Wit Divieton
[10709]as : an
[10710]Chiof of Station, Mexico City 1 October 1958
[10712]Sr rr
[10713]American Conmunists in Nexico weyeeses
[10717]ACTON GaVInND ANOTIING CAN BE FUOGID
[10719]- LURES eats Wr QUALICO HQ OLE ONT
[10721]Hite hy .
[10723]MEXI- 232 .
[10725] Gaat ar}
[10726]a Following an order Issucd by the President of Mexico on 6 September 195N for
[10727]enforcement of Article 33 of the Sonstitution a round-up was made in Mexico City of.
[10728]American Cosmuniate and other forsisiers, allegedly Communi ste, currently reelding b here
[10730]both as touriots and inaigraates: or tmtgradoe.
[10732]if 2. "Among the. firet Americans to “be picked up and vho vere the only ones actually
[10733]‘to leave due to this omer vere omant BLASENKEIM, John BRIGHT and Allen LEWIS. .
[10735]3. ,Bernantd Faces on srad Mextoo in-1950 with "Inmigrante" status and H
[10736]currently enjoyed platua ag a" tnaismdo" hore. -U. 3. Ambansador Robert.ce miu
[10737]recelyed a call on { Septenter l':U fren former Senator Georve BENDER of Ohio requesting
[10738]that he Interecde for Mr. RLASENFEIN who wie .belng detained by Mexican authorities. |
[10739]. Acconling to. local newnpapers Willinn O'DKYER, former U. 3. Ambansedor to Mexico, was
[10740]‘requested by 4 phona- call from New York. to intercede for BLASEMHWSIM with local
[10741]authorition. O'DWYER's office wma unable to secure an “amparo" for BLASENHEIM,
[10743]i BLASENEEIM was. fcported from Nexicu, arriving lu San Antonio, Texas on Ancrican - :
[10744]dts (QDINCH) Ambassador Hill edvised' (former) Senatdr >~————
[10746]i RENDER that. he could not intersede that the procedure veo completely legal (by Mexican
[10747]law) and advised Mr. DENDSR to cheek Into BLASEYHEIM's background. Mr. DENDER withdrev :
[10750]a die request, oaid he did mot know BLASRYREIN; had-hed a call from New York H
[10751]tase a
[10752]vo >) at ‘$. an
[10753]\S- John Ssricir, entered Mexico as a ‘student: immigrant. originally but in March | 7
[10755]= 19': BRIGHT had rot. vet attateed " " trmigrado” etatus, When picked up BRIGHT woo
[10756]0 Jhearuarated at Miguel Stiesty 105 In solitary confinement (LIFEAT). He was deported i
[10758]vin APES] ~
[10759]Via-hao been an? instructor at the National Univeratty of : :
[10761]t sialus in Mezico.-.Ke was picked up by pereona claim{ng to.
[10762]came (yom Cabe my durlag the ulght of 6 September 1956 and taken from hia home in
[10763]FCayonrsan. te Che peleation ater at Miguel Schulz 135. Mra. Brooke LEWIS, wife of tow
[10764]“Pir. LEWIS eoutneted the uy Finbassy in an effort to ascertain the reason for hie ‘
[10765]Qeportaties en y Seplonser. 1093, Dr. LEWIS called his vife from San Antonio on 9 , .
[10766]September and diated: thatehe ‘and Mr. ALASENILIEM had been orought to San ‘Antonio by the .
[10768]Mextéan autnoriiicos. | (Interview with Mrs. LEWIS by aU. 8. Embassy official, 9°.
[10770]Septenier VV 1). .
[10772]ee Ese purty: Abe Aelve » by Mexican authorities, the: rodtowtrig Americans Were. picked
[10773]{ Ue, Held nnd redense ok, uiter period oye from several houra ~ soveral dayar
[10774]adele ra
[10775]SRORER &. J ortties went wo hia home on - { Beptember put vero”
[10776]uaible to lecuce: nim there: He appeared vohuntarlly for 4 ocheak of his documents
[10777]Tam va, deunuel at ‘tha Detention Conver on September. As a/naturalized oltizen
[10778]of tha Ue n.;he cxuld not be returned to the U. 5, without documentation and no ty
[10779]> P+ “Qactntitation other than his Mexican “red book” was provided to the Mexican
[10780]- -autharities, fle was released.on 12 September 195d; (LIFEAT) :
[10781]V- : PEPUATESLA X.
[10782]“Dy Bl Lzanetn Catlett adWona < “picked up but released after short detention.
[10783]*gha Ls porried to @ Mexican citizen, :
[10784]er aor ei 4 i
[10785]Cc. Lan Se ADOUCIAN” - “plexed up on 9 Septenber 1950 (LIFEAT). ADOMIAN is a
[10786]Russian-bora naturalized American who entered Mexico a3 aU. Gd, citizea but
[10787]~ —ught Imatgration papers in Mexico aa a , Spaniard i in view of his claim to Spanish ‘
[10788]- ‘Aizensbip, having"been a necter of the Abrohan Lincoln Brigade during the !
[10789]- * ws mentor | : Canhw Carel Pact wD .
[10790]' ; : oe eatio w t : SSCRST lemmings yl ot}
[10791]. 7 ahd Ee ry
[10793]& pps, St Rete APSE)
[10795]Mextesy tied we
[10797]Oy .
[10799]' eee Cr)
[10803]i
[10804]|
[10806]4.00000
[10808]ran . DISPATCH SRCRST : FON-A-LL158
[10809]wo - _—_—_ RORRIS TAF HS
[10810]a oe . : 50-b-120-1
[10811]PRR ar 1958
[10812]. wibeee OOOO
[10814]Tea eau TNS Care 8 ROCIO
[10815]7 Quando HQ ote oar
[10817]hindi” TTT
[10819]Spantoh Civil. Nore He enjoys temet status in Mexico.
[10821]ay
[10822]De Mart in’WOVERGAARD, Sus ‘deported. froa “the U.S. tn 1950 6 an undeotrabld.
[10824]Hit do. Jalfen, vas another of the group who vas Picked up during this drive. Ho ia lis
[10825], “oy the Mexicana aa 6 Dane.. -
[10827]1 te is interesting to note. that Fxcolator, a reputadle Mextean nevupaper,
[10829]commented that the major portion of Roy veing detainal were “pro-Soviet U. 3.
[10830]oitizons, Europeans’ now naturalized Ameridans and soma from Central and south America.”
[10832]8. LINED Del reported that as of Li. September’ 1959. the American Communists in Mexico
[10833]-oxpected the arresta to vease very shortly. From LIFEAT {t wns learned that consternati
[10834]existed among the group and that they had scattered to various Places, in and around
[10835]“Mexico, after the first onalansht by the local outhorities.
[10837]9. According to various newspaper articlea the ‘following persons were marked for
[10838]; + ts 'f detention 1f they could de J osgees: _ ; ;
[10840], . A. Ralph SSCOrT,” fomer Alfred x. STERN chauffeur’ curren handling
[10841]the STERH residence in Cuernavaca (LIMOUSINE reported that SCOTT vag_in Cuernavaca’
[10842]* on,2h September 1958. ‘Thia atation io not aware SCOTT a Communist but he is a loyal”
[10843]to ‘the STERNa - see various letters to and fron Alfred K.-and Martha Dodd STERN :
[10845]in Prague . .
[10846]. G )). jee? : +
[10847]3B. Max - ¥SHLAFROCK’ < = he: and bis Temily are in New York city pov and have deen
[10849]. ns re ‘there for several months. — e382!
[10851]. @. Paul ¥STSvENSON” xk Patlo *O' RIGGINS), Jover of Martha Dota STERN and
[10853]” “paisitexs Known .vo. associate ‘with Sea ef ro
[10855]poe -* ag well as vith the Soviets. Eng been attempting to_regularice his status in
[10856]te, Hexlco.
[10857]= — gi RSTO |
[10858]D.. Prederick Vanderdlit *FIELD - “inaigrado” ‘in Mexicg and presently marrial
[10859]to Nievea®TiLiarT (formar wife of J Jones 8 TILIET) by vhom he has 4 child born fn ,
[10860]summer 195u. ne est :
[10862]Vedeas
[10864]E. Maurice SNIPER N > he and his wife left their residence on firat hearing
[10866]tL the pick-ups. His eon, David and” fanily remained in- their reaidence however,
[10869]- has sent chicken fara io Ixtapalapa, suburb of
[10871]Azerisan by birth and married to @ Guatemalan |
[10872]HEMIS
[10874]. F. Gray Dayton SHE Us
[10875]. Hexico"City et last report.) As
[10876]oo -fommunigt who was active in erganfatag gannerica_oa Neat Coast. of U.S.
[10877]reportedly is ill. "Has been ‘ pp Pterente’ since April 1955 in Mexico. .-
[10878]G. Alber MouLTZ, | one of tne "Hollywood ven." Local authorities are avare ,
[10879]that MALT2Z and fanily are in the United States at this tine but vere afraid that
[10880]aubject ghould re-enter Mexiso under oy assumed rane. MALTS, is aa yinatgredo.” :
[10881]The papers also mentioned “hat Selea /*SO3ELL, wife of Morton” ASORELL, af th
[10883]calvestlary at Atlasta, Georsia, | hed -
[10885]Resenberg cese, wao.49 now in che rederal_Pealtes
[10886]“deco ataying at the MALTS vreisenze during the time she was in Mexico (she departed :
[10888]Mexteo on 10 September 19> Stuntart hye)
[10889]We Jone KatccoK (berieved to be identical vith Josep ABASKOD, painter}.
[10891]e "Inalprante” in Mexico. If Jtisph RASKOM 1a the one meant, be is believed to be
[10892]in the U. 3. Ae exakolen me : _ Reported as detained bur no information —
[10894]that tile vas 20.
[10896]i
[10898]. tote Uy Pee ore : . Cancun . a
[10899], HAH ORS ae :
[10900]row $3 WAKAO -  . SEORST DCD) wore 2
[10907]14-0000
[10909]aa . oF H Cree)
[10911]~ DISPATCH | en ne
[10913]een my og BS
[10915]FNOOUNG C4N BE OGIO:
[10916]BY QUAUTHO HO OLE ONY
[10919]toe ae ! i .
[10920]I. Lint Fuhr Xs Grousy 2 reported to have been detained but thie wns never
[10921]Verified. .
[10923]J. Felix Fares: usd o of Tous!) - reported to have been detained but
[10925]this never verified. Sees
[10927]ae “10. During all the tine that the pick-ups. were occ ng Carman “RCARRASCO Molino,
[10928]. : “who ected as intermediary for thot Je pick with Lic. Luto"A;ANCHEZ Ponton vas, busy
[10930]at the MALTZ reaidencemnking. attempts to gather funds with. Sich 10 fore the Me Mexican . .
[10931]suthorities, to | reaeind the piei-up onlers and to belp- tho American Comuniota as 6 fot fo
[10932]Bre: 12 in -efforte to: solfaity their atatus in Mexico. j :
[10934]wi Apparently the papers: of tha poople who were deported as wall ao those who
[10935]vere Picked up were correct 80 far no technicalities were concerned.
[10937](NBN Toe nme nnn tea
[10939]7 | GFB/epa
[10941]2% September 1953
[10943]Distribution:
[10944]3“ Has
[10945]Se ‘Flies
[10947]tiny gap est. Reta b rein fey ti