[1]AANAN
[2]Toa-too8a- 10012) , -~ 1 2025 | RELEASE UNDER THE wer DENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS ACT OF 1992] - —
[3]€ “
[5]| bispaTad |
[7]MAPTED FOR eet TYE
[9]ae nie f, vie. BL Os Div; niet i 2 2 x NO IOEXIS ACQUMED
[11]Beheiren and the Four U.S. Navy Deserters
[13]oo REDTOP -
[14]ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
[15]POKYO. 7263
[16]As noted in reference, forwarded herewith is a copy of the sub-
[18]be ject memorandum. Please note that the information in the memorandum
[20]"Paragraph B. 4. b) is particularly sensitive and should only be
[22]given properly restricted dissemination. a =.
[24]ark J. nly. bby
[25]. Distribution
[27]e- C/SB Div w/l.cy attach . a fo.
[28]-1- C/FE W/l cy attach. me ; |
[29]- a 1- (C/MOMUSE/TCG w/1 attach ae - |
[31]ATTACHMENT -
[32]. Memo dtd 27 Nov 67
[34]Y esisee? fe Gea ett Date
[36]MawnTEti7e te
[39]14-00000
[41] Respectabie_ Intellectual Front: Follow ~-
[42]nental Comnunist principies for mass Front: Toliostng (hotter
[44]. than the JCP itself? follows these tenets), the ex-JCP i
[45]organizers of BEHEIREN kept themselves in’ the background
[47]‘and lined up 2 number of prominent Japanese: progressive.
[48]intellectuais and ieftist cultured persons to front for
[49]BERZIREN. The choice of ODA Hakoto, ex-Fulbrighter and =
[50]|. popular young novelist, to be the chief front man - Chair~ ;
[52]man - Was an extremely lucky stroke for BEHEIREN. ODA has —
[54]‘taken to this grand-standing, front work iiko 2 duck to. rn
[55]water. It has given him 2 chance to give unbridled vent to: ° ve
[56]‘his own latent anti-American feelings, puffed hia up to the as
[57]extent that ho has been dubbed “the emperor" by other BEHEIREN |
[58]activists, and given him at long lagt en ideological mission - 000
[59]- to pursue. YOSHIKAWA has performed magnificently in feeding =~.
[60]. ODA's ego needs and in infusing and indoctrinating ODA se =...) -
[61]_, that his words and actions take on sufficiently virulent © eT
[62]“ anti~Anerican overtones. ODA has served another vital. —- an an
[63]“ function for BENEIREN by recruiting a sizeable number of © oe
[64]fellow intellectuals toe join the ranks of BEHEIREN activists.
[65](Attachment 1 is a listing of a number of those Japanese who = -
[66]have cra.) identified as active BEREIREN | BUppor ters « or “sympaq teeth
[67]“thizers. :
[69]ok Organizational Development: $° p ‘its 2 Wan year’! history, ae:
[71]SEERTREN has not appreciably changed its orgnnizational format, -.
[73]. glthough it has moved its office three tines and modified its =.
[74]mame even oftener. EEHEIREN is rot a "mass organization", bhe- "|
[75]cause it has had no ‘sizeable popular backing to the present ,
[76]time. Its hard core, secretariat organization is run by .
[78]. YOSHIKAWA and his lieutenants. Its public icage, intellectual —
[80].2xont is led by ODA, and given body by a score of like-minded
[81]*gntellectual friends of ODA and YOSHIKAWA, who form the loose .
[83]_ bedy of BEHEIREN's activist leadership... Under thie BEDEIREN | ws,
[85]leadership superstructure lies a paltry base of only severai —
[87]“hundred BEHEIREN “rank-and-file"“i:supporters, mostly young =< -
[88]Japanese students. Organizationally, EEHEITREN has no fermal -
[90]: genbership system, so its base of supporters is fluid and not..
[92]. precisely measur2zbie. However, the base support for BEHBIREN
[94]‘hss definitely been on the upswing during 1967, and made such .
[96]: notable strides during the past summer that JCP Headquarters.
[98]_ officials finally felt constrained to note with concern that ~ |
[100]' BEBEIREN was beginning to drain off a growing number of pro-~ .
[101]gregsive youth who otherwise would have been absorbed into -
[103]. the JCP's own youth movement. BEHEIREN leaders.have tried to. -
[105]- help this growth along by setting up a youth section, calling
[107]ait "Young BEHEIREN.” BEERIREN's imaginative actions and -
[109] publicity-conscious programs have been responsible for its — .
[111]Fecent growth, aad this period of growth seems. to be now on
[113]14-000
[115]the verge of really picking up speed.and momentum: Am a result
[116]| o£ its role in the case of the four deserting sailors, BEREIREN ~:
[117]has reaped bountiful publicity, has succeeded in touching a a
[118].delicate Japanese public nerve of sympathy and pacifism, open-..°:~
[119]ing a floodgate of support for BEHEIREN from all over Japan. ...
[120]When this case fades from the limelight, it is stall most = 9...
[121]likely that a fair percentage of current Wave of_popular =
[122]support for PEHEIREN will soli ermanent mass backing, *
[124](
[125]‘Support its future activi CS,
[127]&. Activities and Accomplishments: ” BEEETREN' has. engaged °
[128]in a number of propaganda actions, and participated in ainter~ -
[129]‘national anti-Vietnam War activities. It has tried to co ©.”
[130]operate with certain front activities in Japan controlled BY.
[131]‘the JCP, most notably the Japan Committee to Investigate War -
[132]Crines in Vietnam activities, which culminated in the Tokyo =
[133]Court of last Atgust, but has been soundly and rudely rebuffed —
[134]by the JCP. In spite of this, BEHEIREN has churned along at.
[135]-its own pace, with a continuing series of anti-Vietnam war. ”
[136]_actions, most of. them related in some way to the American oe
[137]pacifist movement. In this regard, BEHEIREN has succeeded in
[138]cornering a virtual monopoly on Japanese contacts with the U. So
[139]pacifist movements, and has effectually capitalized on this to
[140]promote its own action program. The case of the four eee eae
[141]sailors, while an. apparent lucky windfall for BEHEIREN, only
[142]points up the fact that BEHSIREN, through past organizational |
[143]work and promotional activities, was “johnny~on~the-spot", _-
[144]ready and capable (unique in Japan in this regard) to take . ae
[145].the ball and run with it. BEREIREN ran all the way in this” 7
[146]case and scored its most notable success since it was organized.:) |
[147]- (Attachment 2 is a Listing of BEBBIREN's more notable activitios . -
[148]since its founding. Attachment 3 is a partinl listing of |
[150]American and other foreign persons known to have been in. a
[151]contact with or cooperated with BEEEIREN.) = —
[155]Be The Case of ‘the Four Sailor Deserters and BERIREN.
[157]i © How It Started: The consensus of all available overt | cies
[158]" medin materinl, with no recorded dissent, indicates that the en
[159]“four sailors voluntarily ieft their ship, went AWOL, and ended
[160]‘up wallowing around Tokyo's hippie-land. - Precisely what: ‘personal —
[162]- grievances prompted the four to embark on this mis-adventure is |
[163]“mot yet known. But, up to this point, the four could fairly be”
[165]_ categorized as misguided youngsters, gone astray in a foreign
[166]_dand, and due to get slapped back in line with traditional . be
[167]' Navy justice when they finally decided to stop the fun and ZO. me
[168]‘back to the php. Bo far, this made their cases far from.
[171]14-00000
[173].2 How It Becere an Incident: But “instead of returning to
[174]wets ship of their ovm volition or being apprehended by. the
[175]hore Patrol, the four made contact with BEHEIREN leaders
[176]. ieaiee press reports indicate that this was just a coincidence,
[177]> ghat there was NO pre-planning by the four to contact BEWEIREN,
[178]are no available overt nor ‘covert reports that tees
[179]othorwise.: But, once the BEHEIREN people made contact, the
[180]recognized the potential immediately and moved fast for the”
[181]‘R411. (Attachment 4 ie a Yomiuri Newspaper clipping, 22 Kov- .
[182]enber 1967, that is both a representative and comprehensive
[183]zecount of this phase of the case. Even if this articic :
[184]should contain sone siinor inaccuracies, the basic ine seGES .
[185]factual and has not been Challenged elsewhere. ).
[187]3.7 " BENEIREN Takes Over: When the four ‘made contact with
[188]PEEETREN, it suddenly became an entirely different baligane.
[189]BEHEIREN had everything needed to capitalise on this: veteran
[190]activist leaders who are experienced enough to recognize the
[191]‘windfall that had come their Way; an apparatus that could.
[192]provide hiding places for the four; long standing. -l1aigon -
[193]contacts with Soviet Embassy offict for use in pienning
[194]exit fron Japan; solid conta reliabie Ancrican
[195]pacifists with whom the bona fides of the four sailors could —
[196]be checked; money and organization to capitalize on the .
[197]propaganda potential (such as preparing a uovie film for the ©
[198]*; initial BEHEIREN press conference announcing the deserti don, - ,
[199]- ‘prepared more likely than not by BEHEIREN stalwart  EUED :
[201]> Eedinosyke, an independent film producer) ¥ and English Speaking |
[202]activists capable of sympathizing, encouraging, soothing, or
[204]agitating the four young: sailors, ’ Bo , that there “would be 20 ~ ~
[205] Surning back. th fe . ve ;
[207]po ‘4 ‘The BEHEIREN ¥ Apparatus tos At Work: ‘While: many of the a cee
[208]sepnll pieces of this puzzie, which would put the whole case in
[209]proper detailed chronological order and eliminate specuiztioa
[210]‘on minor points, are still missing, enough is known now, -
[211]through overt and covert sources, that the picture of BEHEIREN's
[212]adept handling of this case shines through clearly. The follow-
[214]-ing elements, all part of the BEEUIREN apparatus, | make 3p the oe
[215]bulk of the picture: ee ao 8
[217]< a) Ht de-out > When ENDIREN got. hold of the four ‘on =
[218]about 26 October, they: had to he hiden out for the approximate
[220]* two week period until their exit from Japan could be arranged.
[221]This presented BEYEIREN no great logistical problem. A number _
[223]of the BESEIREN activist leaders have homes well suited to © :
[225]harboring fugitives. Tor example, BEHEINEN activist leader —-:
[227]= bas 2 willa hidden away in Chigasaki, vhich
[229]&%° Was used on the night of 12 September for a meeting of about
[231]a. 20 top BEEEIREN leaders, end which would be BEERS | suits) ble 7
[233]' for hiding the four deserters. Other private. 7
[234]. donging to BEEEZIREN icaders and loyal a re ae
[235]: Snrouguout both the Kanto and Kansai areas,
[237]= * py BENEIREN/Soviet t Linison: PEDEIREN Secretary Genera
[238]--yosmieawa has maintained periodic contact with Soviet Embassy.
[239]officials for years. BEREZIREN Chairman ODA hes met Soviet
[240]- Peace Committee officials in Moscow. The exact means of how
[241]this Jiaison was accomplished in this case is: oases a feat)
[242]‘(€rom @ covert phone tap on the Saviet Embassy's idnes -A full,
[243]jtranseript is available of two phone calls made on 30 October,
[244]first by >jbpise Vactoriato Chief Press Attache Nikolay ¥V.. | .°
[245]' Yasilyevfeh, and second by YOSHIKAWA to First Secretary “| qh
[246]ere “ imov, urgently requesting a private meeting =)
[247]ater that ay to discuss “an extremely important, extrenely; /:
[248]ate matter", without doubt the case of” the “four sailors.)
[250]a oe : se) BEEEIREN/U. S. Pacifist Liaison: BEHEIREN contacted:
[251]: Dartmouth’ University professor Ernest P. Young, who Zlew to.
[252]. Japan om & November, apparently helped BEBEIREN leaders check.
[254]' OR 12 November, (Attachment 5 isthe transintion of a Sanked.
[255]' Shimbun article, dated 22 Noverher, reporting an intervier
[256]7 with Young; giving his version of his role in this case. >
[258]- 5. Esca to Hoscow: ‘The four deserters turned up in Se
[259]- moRcOW On 20. Nevenber. The press has speculated widely and
[261]‘unanimously that the four left Japan on the Soviet passenger
[262]. Ship Baikal on 11 Novembor. Again, there is no dissenting = .
[263]. opinion, overt nor covert. The oniy mystery concerning this —
[265]’ mechanics of how the four boarded the Baikal and who assisted.
[266]. in this maneauver. But with the sailing of the Baikal from)
[267]Yokohama, BEHSIREN completed its most highly successful and. ~~
[269]only did BEHDIREN smear the American Government's image in
[271]. publicity that will swell the ranks of its supporters and be. ae
[272]- dnvaluable in future activities, but BEHEIREN doubtlessly . -
[273]even mace a profit, financially, on this low budget operation
[274]\ « donations are still pouring into BEHZIREN Headquarters frou —
[276]“ all over Japan to “neip’ and protect U.S “deserters”. so
[278]_ out the bona fides of the deserters, and returned to the U.S. 0 |
[280]final phase of the Japanese portion of this case concerns the *° .
[282]beautifully executed activity in its 2 1/2 year history. Not ~~ ~
[283]Japan, not only did BEHEIREN gain 2 vast amount of priceless 7 oa
[285]j ‘sosatciw, Yuichi (comin Secrotary Genorat) - ~ -foruer sop
[286]ot menber . Do
[288]: on Waketo ote (eacinen ¢ chetrann) . - "popular novelist. -
[289]: ‘RAIKO en - Akutagava prize winning novelist. - 2 |
[290]KUBO Keinosuke - f11m producer and director,» : i
[291]TSURDUT Shunsuke - ‘Doshisha University professor ns:
[293]: $SURUNY Kazuko - sister of Shunsuke (thoir father is | the late e -
[294]rar’ “philosopher, Yusuke) . _ ;
[296]. FORDEALA Yozo = high school teacher. ~~
[298]RUTO Ichiyo. ~ ‘ex-JOP (tried to travel to v. s. to ‘Sepresent _
[300]/ -. “BEERIREN at October 21 demonstrations this. year. but was -
[302];.° UNTRARA Shun writer.
[304]-/' denied a visa ta enter the a. 8.) oe
[305]«. YASADA YAMADA Atsushi. ~ ex-icP, 7
[307]| FUKUDA Yoshiyuki ~ playeriter.
[308]“TQLINAGA Ichiro ~ cartoonist. : :
[310]AWAZU Kiyoshi - oa - graphic designer.
[311]. TAKADO Kaname ~ Christian leader.
[312]| YOSHIDA Eiju - ~ ‘£4lm director.
[314]_ ‘HASETHOTO Hineo = Budghist priest
[315], HOTTA Yoshie - ~ novelist. oe ~
[316]-- GOTO Hiroyuki | - scientist.
[318]- KOWABARA Takeo < - professor at Kyoto | University. oe
[320]—— “SECRET.
[323]14-00000
[325]woe
[327]. SAKAMOTO Yoshikazu \, fostacant professor at Tokyo Univeretty:
[329]- 22. BIDARA Rokuro = professor at ; Tokyo ‘University. oe
[330]28. TIDA Mono. ~ writers. :
[332][0 25, TERRE Minako 2
[333]26. ANAL Yunihako |”
[334]“§ | : ASU Masana0 — ee
[335]- 28. NATSUMOTO Ichiju
[336]7 29. FUoKoTar. Setsuo — -
[338]| . ete? ANDO Jimbei, CHIBA HIDA Mido, EGAWA Take, USI Nittaten,
[339]a HARTY Ichiro, HOSHINO Yasuseburo, ICHIS Saburo, IZBYAUA Juro,
[340]- TSuapa Takeshi, KARAT Yoshiko, KASAI Selichi, EATAGIRI Yuzuru,
[341]- | ‘HATO Shuichi, KAZAMA-Michitaro, MATSUURA Sexo, EIDOEDRO Hasso, :
[342]Lo EATAEOII Satoshi, KOBAYASHI Shoichiro, KOKATSU Sakyo,
[343]-KOBAYASEI Toni, KUNO Osanu (Shu) , KURODA Hidetoshi, HARUVAMA ,
[344]“Masao, MIDORIKAVA Toru, MIZUSAWA Yana, KORITART Ichiro, oa: ie
[345]| KUCHAKU Seikyo, NURANATSU Hiro, NISHIO SHIO Noboru, ROHURA Koichi,
[346]ocosut Terus, OTSUKOTSU Yoshiko, SERIZAWA Tae, ‘SHIRAZ Shinpet
[347]SHINMIRA Takeshi, SHISHIDO Hiroshi, SUGIURA Hitsuo, SUGIYAMA
[348]Tatsunaru, SUZUERI Masabira, ‘TARSUCHI Yoshitono, WADA agehisa, . -
[349]YAMADA Munenitsu, YAMADA Toshio, YAMAGUCHE Sosaku, YAMANISHT :
[350]Eiichi, YASUDA Takeshi, YOSHINO Gonzaburo, YOSHIWARA Kotchixo,
[351]_SEAMOTO Taro, MATSUMOTO Seicho, EI Rokusuke, IZUMI Taku, | a
[352]| AWAYA Noriko, KATO Yoshiro, SHTROYAMA Saburo, TAKARASHI
[354]peered
[356]|... ,.. Taketono, ODAGIRI Hideo, ORUMA Minora, SANG Kenji, SUZUKI
[357]0" Schahike, KUBATA Hanya, SHIRGHARA Selei, MARUYAMA Kunio,
[359]~ SECRET
[362]14-00000
[364]MA Sotsurei, NURO Kenji, KO.
[366]I “ .
[367]-Yoshikazu, SAITO Masahiko, etc.
[369]“Although not recorded here, ‘many of the above persons
[370]arg ex-ICP
[373]14-00000
[375]. along with special guest, U. S. pocisise Carl Oglesby (Chairman of =
[376]rn ee .
[378]7 HGRBIEN and featuring U.5. fous singer and. pacifist Joan Baez.»
[379]Tt
[381]1. Notes once-per-nonth demonstrations at a public park ire
[382]Tokyo , consisting of antininerican Speeches 5 ad followed by street |
[384]6
[386]An ‘all ight Ty "teachein" with BERETTA. activist leaders, oa
[387], the Students for a Denoeratic Society.)
[389]glk ful2 page advertisement in the New 3 york Tines (16 Noveaber .
[390]1965). ‘followed by another full page ad in the Washington Fost :
[391]G april. 1867) 5 appealing to Americans: to stop. the wor in Vietnan. | oa
[393]: 7 7 ‘weet in Conference of ‘two Nations for Peace in Vietnam, "
[394]held in Tokyo in August 1966, and attended by EEHEIREN activists and -
[396]..geven U.S. prcifist leaders {including Dave Dellinger), and observers ,
[397]from » Francs» Hnglend, Canada, the USER, Pakistan, and Mongolia. _ oS
[399]te a A RSS meeting din Tokyo in October 1sce, ‘guest ‘speakers of
[400]“which were French pacitists » Jean-Paul Sartre and. Simone de Beauvoir. |
[402]6. ‘Nationwide tours of Japan ‘for lectures ‘and peace rallies for
[404]: such anti-Vietnan war pacifists as Professor Howard Zinn and the late
[406]of the United States, Claude ¢ Bourget of | France, and Thich
[408]“Nhat Eanh of South Vietnam, -- : ee
[410]9, A mass meeting in Tokyo an January ‘y967, sponsored by
[412]8. -k continuing progran ‘of direct distribution of panphicts to
[414]: U.5. troops stationed in Japan, and those coning to 9 Japan on Warships s
[415]. end for rest or hospitalization fron Viotnaz, Lk uke Ta
[417]9. Participation by two BEHEIREN activist leaders s (Kyoto. . : _
[419]‘ University professor KUVABARA Takeo and Internationnl House staffer
[421]TSURUEI Yoshikyuki, taking advantage of a trip to the U.5S..to attend -
[423]> @ Hon-=political dapan-fmerica Congress on Cultural Probiessy in.
[424]. anti-Vietnam war Bheech rallies and CeqMStrations At Dartnouth —
[426]University in early May 1967, fellowed by an unsuccessful attempt ho
[427]fo invite Cassius Clay to visit Japan on ‘behalf of BEBEIREN. oF
[429]. 20. (Continuing: efforts to bring t to > Japan zor a nationwide ae a
[432]14-00000 _ .
[434]: speech tour on behalt of PENSIREN, “Soviet: poet Yevgent Yevtushenko,”
[435]* an effort that has not yet reached fruition but S s' ner’ ABB eS
[437]7 ‘an “participation in the: Stockhola July 1967 “Gorld Conzerénce *
[438]“on Vietaam,” by sending two sn activist leaders as delegates.
[440]a 12. ° Cooperation: yqith the’ v.8. Quakers,’ pacifists » and Parle oO
[441]Reynolds in sending the yacht “Phoeniz" with medical aid, first to
[443]: Haiphong, then on a second trip in the Fall of 1887, secking but —
[445]' failing to find landfatL to deliver medical nid to either North or
[447]. South Vietnam. ; oS _ He
[449]13.) | ’ Attempted, but failed. ‘due to inability to , obtain Us. visa,
[451]“to send a HEHEIREN activist leader (RUTO ichiyo) to the U.5. ta
[452]7 participate in the 21 ‘October 1967 enti- fietnarm tnuan War denoastrations. _
[454]ae 14: : ‘Currently carrying out: a ‘fund. raising canpaign- to send aRr-.
[455]‘aid ship to.North Vietnam. iIn this, and other activities, BEHEIREN —
[456]leaders arc maintaining ever closer liaiscn contact with their ae
[457]counterparts abroad, such as the Pre “Conite® Vietnan Hationai. ok
[458]in an effort to generate public support for this aid ship
[459]‘ yaising cempaign, BEXEIREN succeeded in issuing a public appeal, ;
[460]/ under the endorsing signatures of Tokyo Governor MiNOSE Ryokichi and ~
[461]Yokohama Nayor en Tenioy as worl as 3 the asual datellectuals | .
[462]- supporting BEMETRE -
[464]: 15. ‘In October 1967, 1 BERRIEN solicited 1 apploval to hold auti-
[465]Vietzaa War demonstrations in front of the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo,
[466]' expecting to be denied and then intending to make this denial a court
[467]‘test case. Instead, SEHEIREN was given this’ permission, und conducted
[468]» two crderly and voli-publicized denonstrations in front of the American
[469]: EBabassy, garnering a larger public turn out of participants than in
[470]any / Previous: ‘SEHBIREN~sponsored Genonstration. oo
[472]“16. Assisted and abetted the defection to. the USSR of £ four” _
[474]: Amortean sailors from the U.S. Navy carrier intrepid. Folioving this.
[476]- guccess, BENEIREN's most effective activity to date, HEHEIREN leaders
[477]are Organizing a permanent “underground railwoy" of Japanese intell-~ _ .
[479]ectuals vho will volunteer their hozes as possible “way stops" for  ~——
[481]te future U.S. = military deserters that BEHEIBEN | now Bopes. to ek
[482]n HOS oe » ee
[484]en
[486]” Por other details, Bee se yovsutelligence 2 reporting:
[487]. CES-11547, 31 Hay 196
[489]RIT+LZO46, 14 October 1966
[490]EITLI2GSO, 10 May 1967. ©
[491]ETH-12951, 5 July 1967".
[493]- BST+-1LIGS1, & September 1987 .
[495]no EST. 13154, 27 September 1967.
[496]| ee sigan: 22 November 1967 |.
[497]9+ GS-o780, 11 July 1967.
[499]"SECRET.
[502]14-00000
[504]pa Partial Listing of of Anertean and Other Foreign
[506]-. Persons Enown to Have Been in Contact with £h or
[508]a, Sooperated with with BELEIRE
[510]“ Anericens. - coe . jd, ne
[511]“he: Staughton Lynd (ez-¥ale professor).
[512]_ Rorman Uailer (novelist): —
[514]. OO
[515]Dave Dellinger (Editor of Liberation)
[516].° Boward Zinn @oston u. professor).
[518]. Donald Keyes ‘(National Comittee for a . Bene
[519]ot Zuclear Policy
[521]* David UcReynolds (Chairman, War Resistors! mo eke
[523]iene tT League) |
[525]- “AS 3. e Kuste (now deceased) :
[527]9, Willdam Davidson —
[529]/ 10.) Bradford Lyttle
[530]“LL. Charlotte Thurber.
[532]ee ‘Giiss) Quontin Bassett G@tadents for. a Denocratic .
[533]or» Soe dety) :
[535]"Murray ‘Levin | oston v. - professor),
[536]“Robert Ockene ‘Meter Mets
[538]. Gar | Oglesby 7 (Contre Students | for a | Donoeratic C.
[539]me a Society aa :
[541]- 16. = Barbara Bening Gasociate editor of : Liberation)
[542]- re: Joan Baez folk singer) —
[544]SECRET.
[547]14-00000
[549]var ae Ira Morris. “(aris expatriate)
[551]Otto Noisan ‘(honetic, Kew York City pesco actaviet) |
[553]a. Barbara and Earle Reynolds “(divorced but separately .
[554]us TAPS oe -, ective Lone tine xesidents -
[555]nhs in Japan) — :
[557]| WAdLian Be ‘Christensen ‘Can’ ‘Anericon pacifist arister, se
[558]. _ who gave BEREIREN its first...
[559]“\. experience in the ssummer of >.
[561]' 1866 in exploiting for pro- - . >
[562]’ paganda in Japan, and then in’
[563]_ atranging the onward Journey
[564]“of an Amorican who wanted to"
[565]defect to the USSR)
[567]‘Brian Vaetoria ‘(head-shaved pacifist ‘and "converted"
[568]‘ , Buddhist priest, known to be in ...
[569]' yegular contact with the Soviet :
[570]‘ee Eubasey in Tokyo) _ Sets
[572]ur. winiowy , Gan, phonetic, tehiet of the quater
[573]— _ Beace Action movenent in the v. s.)~ -
[575]ae unidentigied “anor dcan of Ja panese descen t, teem 2. ~
[576]ae Bawaii, who is currently a student at Waseda ‘taiveresty)
[577]at _ \ |
[579]Xgeaku 1 Fama guchi' (reportediy born ‘in U.s., ; " prosent”
[581]: citizenship status unclear) Gon orty
[582]oe ‘ ‘was & professor at Honoyama University |
[584]ifm Osaka, but has been teachin, &t the
[586]. Waniversity of California in Berkeley -
[587]. for sone tame) a 7
[589]laude Bourdet, Fence (ezengh comitten to Suopart
[590]. a 3 _ the Vie opie) »
[593]14-00000
[595]Mrs. Erdenebat Ojon, MongoLia ee
[596]. Konstantin Shugnov, USSR
[598]7 Francis Marcel abn, | France (Comite Vietnam
[599]8 nr ae arr so National) | :
[601]10. "Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Benuvoir, , ‘France .
[602]“Ue ‘Thich Nhat" ‘Hanh, South Vietnam ©
[604]2 This 4s not, by any / moans, a . complete Liating : “nor byob
[606].> does it necessarily list BEREIREN's mast inportant --
[608]‘-: getivist contacts abroad. But this list is re~--
[609] presentative in showing the breadth of BEHEIREN
[611]- jieison abroad, particularly with the Auerican .
[612]“new left"
[614]“SECRET
[616]fers Wes
[617]Jape
[622]Ee early ali ee
[623]d LOUIE i LOGEC GH +
[624]The. four deserters ‘from: the US aircraft cartier Inteepid ‘who made a dramatic tele.
[625]ision appearance Manday in Moscow are believed’ to have ‘left Japan irregularly
[626]. by the. Soviot liner. Baikal Which lets Yokohama on November 11 for the. Far. East
[627]‘Soviet port of ‘Nakhodka,?:- 050°: Soh | a Not Worried,
[628]“ Sources in the. Metropolitan ( test. \ “il tem nen, he. first met the deser-!.
[629].Police Department. said “Tues. | at. : once, /jters,- they: were practlealiv:
[630]day - that Mhe four ‘Americans P : penniless but appeared - quite}
[632]could have boarded the ship by hi | Uaencerned, Naito said, * don
[633]'@ “special -gangway for Soviet | serters first | wanted -- to" live rentign ange ved ah mpi” ee
[634]Government officials, | peacefully’ in- Japan ‘and. asked | ea a chee, “Ja anes fi 4
[635]b watchmen wet jhe" Behelren ito. nd them: jobs, aye drink such as udon:
[636], Another gangway) for|in. which they’ could  ulllize (noodles) ‘ond shochu. ° :
[637]a «Ordinary passengers when +222 | their English proficiency... ‘ He said the four Am {oan 2
[638]"4 listed. passengers. + including}. The Beheiren. ‘wanted - to‘ live in Ja ae a 2
[639]“eight. Americans, boarded the} they could - not ‘in’ ‘I “possible “i Tok 0. pan, and
[640]‘Mner ‘before: it: departed Yoko-|-without _ being ¢ 2 by. t Naito and "hls ph nd. ¥:
[641]_ hama’at/11.50 am, November 11 Japariese : police. ad {is frieng. Yama
[643]+, The": watchmen *;told police | authorit! “or"later, ‘Yo. Cecided to ask the help of thei
[646], a Eh n ey Behelren ‘and delivered the!
[647]mmit ‘that’ they didnot see any per. t . Rey
[648]am. \eommit . ee AS cei . . our men tow the Beheiren!
[649]tee’ (Beheiren), tells pfess gon Aili hearin Raid Be pe oot L Lived “Like Hippies! around: November 26. fre i
[650]conference Tuesday {hat the < tireagh the ordinary. ingwart | Hicomt Naito, "20, "a “painter: Naito said ‘he ‘believed * that’
[651]four deserters-of theiUS war." : that 17 om | 9f TOkYO, - wld~ ‘The Yomiurijall the fad Aimerleans were.
[652]; ers. 7) we, It Was ‘learned. that 17: offi. , rime p 2 .
[653]ship Intrepid hoped “td stay clas ef the Soviet Embassy and | Shimbun ° -that - he *- and -..his|‘not communists and that . they
[654]Pp pid .bop we i : : ‘ By friend, .Sansei -Yamao, a hippie} had no interest in Communist
[655]in’ Japan: put ‘the;. Behelren: trade mission’ in Tokyo - and poet: and ; member’. of the ideology." . a
[656], could not help: them ‘toto 56. ' ‘Bate Of wialtors boarded ‘the Behelren, atted as go-betweens|. He said the four’ must: hav
[657]oe, —Hatttiineniemen< Baikal through ‘the. special{ soo the. deserters. and... the|decided to go to some”ne
[658]. . . ane sR /Behelren, tt ' fcountry via the -Sovie!
[659]ie e Police sources sald that - Naito. said’ he met ‘two ‘of{after they learned tha
[660]eee duite possible” that the} 2. .four _ deserters—-Airman| could: not. live in- Japan. =f
[661]Soviet authorities In Tokyo ar| jie ley,19, and Airman|~..A spokesman. for, the Justice:
[662]ranged ‘the deserters’ exit... - | aie ander 19—at .a -hip-/ Ministry “ said’ ‘Tuesday that
[663]fit... +" Beheiren Pledge ' pie angout. in. Shinjuku| there , Was. nothing’ legally,
[664]Yuichi Yoshikaw retary:|@Tound October 20... °;:°. ‘|wrong’in the ‘four Americans
[665]eneral of ‘the Japan PeaceFor| He said. both.- Américans| leaving Japan ‘because the ad-
[666]Miethom oe mites (B neh. , Wore leather jackets and other'ministrative ‘agreement ‘in the
[667]told BS. Confer et | informal ‘clothing which they'Japan-US Security ‘Treaty gua.
[668]day that ihe commines 20S | sald they borreted eich they Japan US military personnel};
[669]ey dis we h nit ene Japanese hippie friends hang-.the right to come, to Stay in, |
[670]aenerie ee new the four ing around: the Shinjuku: area. Or leave Japan," . “fo
[671]Americans left because’ “it” had ‘Bailey and‘Lindner and the’, He said he understood that,
[672]Promised. not to do so.’ other ‘two—Airman .M,.-the four Americans were :tech-!
[673]He nefther affirmed hor dent. Barilla, 20,-:and “Air ically still enlisted .US mill-{]
[674]ed the report ‘that ‘the. Amer. ‘Prentice Craig. W." Anderson tary personnel, © |. a
[675]fcans left Japan by the Baikal | 39 went -= ‘around. ..in ~' pai: Furthermore, | if: their’ exit]
[676]m_ November .13.'." iow | Naito: said. ee yee took place. on’ November ‘11, it}
[677]1. It was’ the. Behetren’ wnict |! Nalto’ said--he jet alley and Was before: 1c US authorities
[678]| Lindner ‘stay ‘overnight -at his ™ade. an official request to the
[679]house in Hayamiyacho, Neri- Japanese Police fo search for
[680]. from vOctober: 34 to them, he added, Ss
[681], iieatald TEEEN ens @- also said there. were’ no
[682]‘Japanese laws allowing charges
[683]' Ito: be . preferred against the
[684]iBehelren officials and-other Ja-
[685]* ipanese people who: “protected”
[686] jthe Americans “in ‘Japan and
[687]helped their “departure to the
[688]Soviet: Unio: fol beet
[691]14-00000
[693]a yous Sa Ss Four "American Degerter Seamen Not ‘in Ja an An More 7 Ba
[694]he ent: to Tokyo and Tridd to Dissuade Them; . yt
[696]*~ Fpebably Escaped from Japan on, the 12th or the 13th A ak
[697]4 8a ER wees
[698]: (ew York, " November’ 20, " Correspondent Tadashi. ONODERA): * ‘Professor
[699]- " Ernest Pi YOUNG of Dartmouth College in the U.S., -consented to an “interview -
[700]with. this reporter on the question of the four American seamen who deserted -
[701]:ifrom the U.S. aircraft carrier Intrepid. ‘At the interview held on the 19th,
[702]“£-Professor ‘YOUNG clarified that the.:Peace for’ Vietnam Association’ ‘(Beheiren, :
[703]with Makoto ODA acting as its representative) contacted an anti-war organiza-
[704]“tion in the U.S., and at this, Professor YOUNG hurriedly visited Tokyo, and .
[705]meeting ‘tha four seamen in a room.in an apartment house in Tekyo on the Sth
[706]. fand 10th; ctried to persuade -them .to return. ;in regard . to ‘the ‘pres ent ‘where-
[707]‘Trabouts- ‘of these four seamen, he made the ‘noteworthy, statement’ ‘that “those
[708]_¢’four wera still in Japan, up-until the night. of the ith, when, = jeft, Japan,
[709]JE ‘but. ‘they | are probably no: Longer ; in Japan now," visa cong! net i
[710]te rs ih
[712]“ee Families Penploid
[714]cs
[716]professor: Beheiren ‘contacted ‘David a DERRINGER, a saclfist activist®
[717]in the U.S.., asking him to "send someone to Japan to hear the stories of
[718]the four seamen and announce them in the U.S." I have been in Japan twice,
[719]and I also once served as special. assistant. to Ambassador REISCHAUER. |
[720].. During that’ time, I became friends with Beheiren representative’ Opa’ and 5
[721]other intellectuals in Japan. It was for these reasons that I was given.
[722]% ¢ this: assignment...:. I personally have ever. Partie sparee, actively in the
[723]‘ oy anti-Vietnam war ‘movement, so far...”
[725]at . When: did you arrive ia, apa, and. ‘where Sid , You, mee’ the, ;
[726]seamen? oe Boas oe oo oe
[727]se. * oe We
[729]oe Zeon the 9th and the. 10th... ;
[730]Re 3 in Tokyo, but I ‘cannot say. at. this time where that apartment, hoyse was and
[731]erwho owned it... However, on both days, I talked fully with. these. four seamen, . °
[732]ve for more than. three hours. on each occasion (according to an investigation
[733]| made by the public security authorities, Professor YOUNG. ‘arpived in, Japan .
[734]:toward the evening of the 8th, and stayed at Hotel Tanakanwa’ in Shiba,
[735]5 Minato-ku, until ‘the: morning ¢ oF. ‘the. 2 ATED) «.., : .
[737]py “professor: . : The desertion was. = completely the decision. of ‘these four
[738]ypersons. . It seems that the four ‘seamen: decided not to return. to the sship, ~
[739]oxawhen the Intrepid : entered. Yokosuka, Port on October, 17; and they | were per—
[740]‘ay mitted to go ashore for rest for one week. . My impression.on meeting these’
[741]*33,four seamen was that they were definitely not ‘deserting for the purpose of a
[742]. . ¢hselfsadvertisement or that they. were giving false reasons. I am ,convinced Son
[743]en that they deserted really. out of doubt. about, the Nietnan Wareln oe
[747]oo -- What were the movenentis of. ‘the, four, after they deserted? ”
[749]" Professor: = On the “night of ‘the 23rd, two ‘days before the ‘intregia
[750]‘was‘die to.sail, the four went to Shinjuku, and told the people whom they |
[751]met at & bar they happened to vinit, that 'we are fed up with war." The
[753]_ Japanese who heard them sympathized “with ‘them,: and. at'one time, the. four
[754]lived with some hippies (according ‘to this paper's investigations, they.
[755]include Mr, K., a student of Tokyo University's Liberal Arts Department,»
[756]and vanguard artist Ae who ‘gather 8 at ‘Pugetsuio 4 in a Shinjuku. ). Finaloy, a
[759]14-00000. rs
[761]they were e taken to 5 Bebeiven by a student ‘yho- spoke English (according - to oe a oo
[762]‘this paper's investigation, this was Nr, S,, a Waseda University student). 00.
[764]‘After shat, _they ‘were hidden by Beheiven. I cannot say where they were
[765]hidden. » soa vhs wr ope : re ne
[767]wie were: tay earl gene ec semen
[769]“Progessor:" ty purpose. in visiting ‘Japan + was to "dissuade sche; four. - cot
[770]I explained to. them what the results of their desertion would be. I sn .
[771]won told them that they would never again be permitted to stand on American soil;
[773]ap ‘their fatherland... At. ‘the time I met--them,--it was-still. at..a:stage where
[774]whe they. would only receive ‘ight punishment, if “they reported back immediately, .:
[775]ny Saying that. they “had migsed their ship , Howaver,:: their. determination was":
[777]Siva, ‘and my persuasion had -no effects. sep “ So ite 3
[778]hoon “ Lert - A. toe os ee Pinan _ °:
[780]we The ‘fous “seamen! 8 ‘desertion. was: ‘announced. ‘in. ‘the fort of a- press. - a .
[781]interview given by Beheiren,: - .Were there. no facts: of their haying. b heen - 5
[782]forced to desert, during | ‘that, period? ;
[784]X
[786]ory ects yen tee pee
[790]Professor: L ascertained “that: point; “too.” “However, “they fivaiy ¢ denied
[791]‘any fact of their having. been forced, saying that they had voluntarily ce ty
[792]consulted Beheiren as to whether they should publicly. announce the > Ee oa ae
[793]‘intention to desert, and | if 50, in what form this should be made.” ve a
[795]ated Where are the four seanen, now, and where are they planning ‘to go?
[797]7 “Professor: I an certain that the four ’of “them "were ‘still in Japan,* .
[798]‘up ‘until the lith, the day I left for home, However, they already Imew .. ,
[799]‘fully well that it was not possible for them to ebtain asylum in Japan... aa
[800]They even said that “we will probably have to go to some third nation, =~
[801]which is neutral." (The public security authorities judge that the four .
[802]seamen left Japan immediately after Mr. YOUNG's persuasion, and consider that
[803]they, probably were smuggled out of Japan after -the l0th,.and before the:
[804]. ys evening of ‘the 13th, when - .Beheiren. announced ‘their désertion: -atua press -:
[805]7 - conference, . However, Mr, YOUNG says that the. four seamen were in ‘Japan up -
[807]until the night of the llth, . Therefore, the, possibility is strong that they |
[808]were’ smuggled out of F vapan by. ship, ‘between ‘the “night . of : the. iith and the ae
[810]Dee
[812]: professor: when ‘the Films \ were. e ‘publicly shown, theie was ‘big excitement,” :
[813]with rows and rows of television and ‘press cameramen, I thought I would be | a i
[814]exposed to persistent questioning by the FBI and the CIA, after I returned © yg
[815]-home, but. so, far, I have only been, questioned’ once .by' the. Wavy.'s. Intelligence oad
[816]‘ _, Section, about the circumstances. ;.It, seems that; ‘American euthorities con=". +” -
[817]cerned fo. not want to make - too dig, a fuss cover, the matter, cn a
[819]“= What, ‘ao the parents ‘think of. his’ “action | ‘taken by, theix, sons? ,
[820]Srosbcscee , ‘A certain ‘feleviewon' station ‘asked. “the "nother: of 5 one of “ ur
[821]: the four men about her son's. life..,. This mother was completely: perplexed,
[822]‘saying: "My son-is a. most. average American, youth, :- ‘His :school records
[824]. Were quite. 0 ordinary. and he. ‘note, uporta AP ucts! ‘Aike: “any. other student.’ ae