peter mcburney qokorerliecsclivacuk javier assertion science concerns beliefs actions may true basic science applied science would say decision analysis branches instance medical decision making science agree applied science concerns actions well beliefs therefore imo activities may may called sciences inherently valueladen valuefree conflicts standard account scientific method western culture indeed recognized domains example environmental risk analysis believe need models reasoning represent values explicitly domains think undesirable seek single unified models reasoning beliefs actions peter peter mcburney university liverpool uk wed 06 aug 2008 110755 0100 uai concept cointensive precisiation