tim chapman timc2ubhcom nobel honors 3 astrophysics work tuesday october 8 2002 1200 pm stockholm sweden ap two americans japanese nobel prize physics tuesday using obscure particles waves nature understand workings astronomys grandest wonders riccardo giacconi 71 associated universities inc washington dc get half 1 million prize role pioneering contributions astrophysics led discovery cosmic xray sources raymond davis jr 87 university pennsylvania shares half prize japanese scientist masatoshi koshiba 76 university tokyo two men pioneered construction giant underground chambers detect neutrinos elusive particles stream sun billion neutrinos offer unparalleled view suns inner workings produced heart process causes shine fact davis early experiments performed 1960s south dakota gold mine confirmed sun powered nuclear fusion koshiba share prize work kamiokande neutrino detector japan experiment confirmed extended davis work also discovered neutrinos coming distant supernova explosions brightest objects universe italianborn giacconi us citizen awarded half prize building first xray telescopes provided completely new sharp images universe academy said research laid foundation xray astronomy led discovery black holes allowed researchers peer deep hearts dusty young galaxies stars born academy officials reached giacconi phone home outside washington said dumbstruck learn prize koshiba also phoned home tokyo academy still trying reach davis spokesman erling norrby said years nobel awards started monday naming britons sydney brenner 75 sir john e sulston 60 american h robert horvitz 55 winners medicine prize selected committee karolinska institute researchers shared discoveries genes regulate organ growth process programmed cell deaths shed light viruses bacteria invade human cells including conditions aids strokes cancer heart attacks winner nobel prize chemistry named wednesday morning bank sweden prize economic sciences memory alfred nobel later day literature prize winner announced thursday swedish academy said tuesday winner coveted peace prize one awarded sweden announced friday oslo norway award committees make decisions deep secrecy candidates publicly revealed 50 years alfred nobel wealthy swedish industrialist inventor dynamite endowed prizes left vague guidelines selection committees said prize revealed tuesday given shall conferred greatest benefit mankind shall made important discovery invention within field physics royal swedish academy sciences also chooses chemistry economics winners invited nominations previous recipients experts fields cutting choices deliberations conducted strict secrecy prizes presented dec 10 anniversary nobels death 1896 stockholm oslo net nobel site httpwwwnobelse yahoo groups sponsor plan sell home httpusclickyahoocomj2snnayleaamvfiaa7gsolbtm unsubscribe group send email forteanaunsubscribeegroupscom use yahoo groups subject httpdocsyahoocominfoterms tue 08 oct 2002 121728 0100 zzzzteana nobel astrophysicists