_ rightward movement _ review ii editor note following second part review beerman et al _ righward movement _ first part found previous issue linguist frank drijkoningen paper morphological strength np positions french pp 81114 devoted clever account relative ordering subjects verbs parts thereof french especially focus inversion constructions demonstrating data described manner consistent kayne antisymmetry theory provided one adopts certain amount occam stretching multiplication functional heads resultant multiple spec positions homes subjects drijkoningen argues fairly convincingly following hierarchical ordering functional heads french c agr agr agr vp identifying participial agreement agr agr checkingsite predicate adjective agreement also offers hypothesis regard trigger french stylistic inversion subject np follows verbal complex assumption french english spec head agr features infl strong head features infl strong french weak english however overt saturation spec head agr features cp e g fronting overt whexpression significantly reduces strength spec head agr features ip obviating need subject np rise spec agr checking paper characterized heavy reliance floating stranded _ tous _ e quantifier separated superficially np modifies reviewer found little evidence awareness possibility q movement independent movement modified np many starred strings could actually derived assuming kayne approach q allowed move sign argument movement impossible perhaps ruled lack motivation paper thick rather strong argument underlying svo exclusively leftward movement french course linguists would contest french svo evidence may rightward movement language always best peripheral pun intended given strong arguments rm headfinality languages presented bayer buring hartmann paper seems like lot sound fury erik hoekstra paper analysing linear asymmetries verb clusters dutch frisian dialects pp 153170 presents analysis terms kayne lca hypothesis syntax complex verb clusters especially characteristic languages course discussion gradually becomes clear basis ordering elements within clusters distinguishes dutch frisian respectively headinitial headfinal clear reviewer labels appropriate specifically regard internal syntax verb clusters describing dutch headinitial likely surprise many people thought knew otherwise discussing feasibility lack thereof inserting non verbal material including particles members verb cluster hoekstra demonstrates follows reasonably lca account proposing claims p 158 rigidity headfinal clusters e intolerance insertion mystery approach incorporating asymmetry fact makes perfect sense assume underlying headfinal order derivation alternative orders rm verbal projections reviewer necessarily suggesting better approach hoekstra lca account certainly quite feasible contrary apparent belief last section hoekstra spends fair amount time interesting discussion infinitivum pro participio ipp effect whereby germanic languages e g dutch perfective participle taking infinitive verb complement must surface form infinitive primary questions issue hoekstra formal grammatical nature ipp effect characteristic germanic languages others hoekstra argues ipp effect occurs languages perfective participle marked prefix e g germanic prefix ge reflexes thereof prefix occupies spec position verb morphologically attached since circumstances spec position already occupied impossible infinitive complement move position must derivation crashes loophole exploited dutch ipp languages fact traditional analysis germanic scholarship substitution alternative form participle morphophonologically identical infinitive therefore hoekstra view obstructionist prefix fact frisian exhibit ipp effects according analysis directly related fact frisian perfective participle marked suffix reviewer admits familiar scholarly literature subject ipp notes curiosity hoekstra claim p 159 ipp effect systematically absent head final germanic dialects squared fact german clearly headfinal sense hoekstra uses term typically marks perfective participles prefix indeed exhibits ipp last pages paper devoted nice little discussion recent evolution ipp couple frisian dialects hoekstra argues due cases remarkably heavy contact dutch reviewer opinion section represents desirable conjunction scholarship concerns sociolinguistics linguistic evolution one hand formal grammatical theory paper movement japanese relative clauses pp 171185 satoshi stanley koike argues relative clauses japanese including externallyheaded ones whose heads apparently extracted right accounted terms kayne lca type analysis allowing spec head comp base structures leftward movement noting certain problems resulting adopting kayne analysis koike makes clear almost certainly obviated interesting proposal discoursebased motivation leftward movement adoption kayne lca approach forces assume koike hypothesis movement ip japanese cases essentially stylistic movement e motivated pragmatic discourse considerations rather purely syntactic ones least implies pf movement would 1 account fact order analysis make right predictions follow movement semantic head np latter proper syntactic movement 2 invisible far binding theory concerned binding theory relevant primarily lf totally irrelevant pf 3 subject relativized minimality either paper rightward wh movement american sign language pp 247278 carol neidle judy kegl benjamin bahan debra aarons dawn maclaughlin argue americal sign language asl exhibits headfinal cp rightmarginal spec landingsite wh movement note p 267 proposal partially consistent kayne claims universal ordering places spec complement opposite sides head however proposal differs kayne universal antisymmetry approach positing headfinal structure cp assuming headinitial structures complementdaughters neidle et al base much anti lca argument fact certain syntactic features including polarity wh etc asl expressed nonmanual markers e g facial expressions frequently spread certain portions clauses associated plausible notion portions defined ccommand domains functional heads associated features thus possibility lack thereof spreading asl taken symptomatic presence absence ccommand relations p 250 basis spreading argue landingsite wh movement asl clearly right clause nevertheless ccommands latter demonstrate ccommand facts incompatible kayne type analysis briefly entertain analyses consistent kayne lca hypothesis involving raising c ip higher positions note must nevertheless positions e g landingsite topicalization known cp asl point 1 evidence functional nature positions 2 independent motivation existence 3 evident motivation movement discussing paper language types generative grammar review consequences univeral vo hypothesis pp 331357 caterina donati alessandra tomaselli address repercussions kayne antisymmetry hypothesis constituentorder typological studies demonstrate neatly elegantly manifold empirical problems kayne approach languages representing variety types including 1 ov languages v2 german dutch 2 svo languages without prodrop english french 3 svo languages prodrop italian 4 vso languages irish repeatedly demonstrate traditional analyses provide accurate results analyses assuming kayne antisymmetry hypothesis noted donati tomaselli throughout addressing specifically relative ordering verbs nominals ordinary gardenvariety clauses details extraposed structures discussed bayer buring hartmann haider addressed paper already noted half papers collection understandably discuss extraposition unfortunate papers focussing pun intended adverbal focusmovement serious alternative candidate rm analysis cf schaufele 1990 1998 neidle et al paper relates focus indirect way commonly assumed whelements priori focussed therefore structure location especially anything remarkable considered least possible landingsite focusmovement sort appendix koike offers short discussion rightward focusmovement turkish suggests kind discourseanalysis motivation proposes movement leftward backgrounded relative clauses away semantic heads japanese also motivate movement leftward nonfocussed arguments turkish leaving focussed subject stranded immediately preverbal position least terms superficial order reviewer notes however koike makes reference single turkish example simple clause involving three constituents object np subject np verb doubts much account proposes would able make much sense much complex examples subjectfocussing discussed schaufele 1990 1998 complaints muller hoekstra papers expository level assumed part reader high degree familiarity languages discussed muller provides english translations german example sentences matter one hindi example sentence reviewer little trouble reading interpreting example sentences languages facility expected readers collection likewise hoekstra offered translations example sentences many cases reviewer unfamiliar wide variety germanic languages quite unable make sense furthermore frequently made clear language example question meant represent since paper whole depends crucially distinctions dutch frisian source serious obscurity p 158 6th page fairly short paper hoekstra finally tell us gloss mp stands modal particle used abbreviation freely several earlier examples abbreviation may familiar specialists netherlandic nt lot interested readers koike paper inclusion japanese words midst english language text without typographical highlighting either quotes italics especially book many typographical errors proved little unsettling also problem muller paper particularly confusing one section discussed extraposition english book whole plagued typographical errors two examples 59 drijkoningen paper haider 58a starred fact ok string obvious context haider regards ok buring hartmann paper exs 21a 22a 21b 22b diagram 24 nowhere referred text though pretty obvious refers bayer press referred several times bayer paper nt appear anywhere references perhaps represented bayer 1996 statement wiltschko locality constraint misprinted p 360 way nonsensical koike paper alignment glosses 20a impossible make sense study 10 realized although said literally dp ip cp np qp c ip biliterals dp cp ip instances meant labels immediately preceding brackets leftdaughters constituents enclosed within said brackets mahajan paper particularly plagued typographical errors mention merely egregious example found 54 entire direct object np missing hindi string rendering example relevance discussion completely opaque already noted many substantive flaws collection due primarily entirely lack space present relevant arguments fulfilling preface promise openmindedness book brings together papers several different viewpoints supporting undermining kayne antisymmetry hypothesis many contributors obviously hold rather strongly whatever side controversy espouse many commended skill seriousness nevertheless give necessary task considering possible alternative analyses would support side many papers focus languages constructions within languages already much discussed generative literature admirable exceptions would especially mention papers bayer hoekstra neidle et al regard also typological interest behind paper donati tomaselli although restrict primarily western european languages anyone concerned understanding debates arising kayne antisymmetry hypothesis grounds taking seriously rejecting afford ignore collection references bayer josef 1996 directionality logical form scope focusing particles wh situ dordrecht kluwer gould stephen j 1993 earful jaw eight little piggies pp 95108 new york norton heim 1980 semantics definite indefinite noun phrases university massachusetts ph dissertation hock hans henrich 1986 principles historical linguistics berlin mouton de gruyter kayne richard 1994 antisymmetry syntax cambridge mit press rochemont michael peter w culicover 1990 english focus constructions theory grammar cambridge cambridge university press schaufele steven 1990 focus position subjects within vedic vp south asian languages roundtable xii university california berkeley 10 june 1990 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1998 rightward ho typology structural focus complement head order critical discussion antisymmetry rightward movement syntax pragmatics interface glow hyderabad 22 jan 1998 steven schaufele research interests past dozen years included significantly typology constituentorder freedom repercussions thereof formal syntactic theory well critical comparison various approaches syntactic theory currently teaching linguistics english department soochow university taipei taiwan steven schaufele ph asst prof linguistics english department soochow university waishuanghsi campus taipei 11102 taiwan roc 886 02 28819471 ext 6504 fcosw5 mbm1 scu edu tw http www prairienet org fcosws homepage html