qs laryngeal phonetics dear colleagues number questions regarding laryngeal phonetics 1 understand english voiced stops phonetically voiceless unaspirated initial position data cited kingston diehl 1994 432434 kingston john randy l diehl 1994 phonetic knowledge _ language _ 70 3 419454 story pretonic intervocalic allophones unstressed short vowels e g fidelity legality mobility ear sound delegate gallon billion english prejudiced ear also sound voiced 2 story laryngealization creaky voice seen described slow vibration one end vocal cords crystal _ dictionary linguistics _ inexact citation arytenoid cartilages posterior end vocal folds related closure glottal stop glottalized consonants 3 going articulation stage whispered speech whisper arytenoids rotated adduct posterior ends vocal folds anterior ends posterior ends arytenoids adducted interarytenoid muscles leaving restricted triangular opening sibilantlike turbulence generated place voice introspecting stage whisper seems like whisper turbulence air passes closure main anterior portion vocal folds seems somewhat higher subglottal air pressure like shouted whisper seem merely question forcing air past closed vocal folds seem additional differences articulation produce turbulence vocal folds evidenced least increased tension observable laryngeal extent pharyngeal muscles also seems degree pharyngealization incidental byproduct 4 related pharyngeal spirants exemplified arabic 5 kingston diehl 1994 441 say languages english meaning take languages without contrastive voiced aspirates phonological distinction voice signaled part aspiration initially read right intervocalically important said ratio duration consonants duration vowels perhaps duration v vc syllable rimes someone say questions bear characteristics language working near term purposes defining issues refining research strategy specific information helpful pointers literature access research library resources easy actually rather difficult need pointers must course eventually follow help greatly appreciated please respond list interest post summary bruce nevin bn lightstream com