6 100 sum ipa history haceks stemberger suggests north american linguists use haceks following tradition international international phonetic association labels western european organization even cursory glance ipa membership list would shown ipa international body many north american members governed elected council half members coming outside western europe several council united states others eastern europe poland russia others china japan australia finland south africa nigeria north american linguists use diverse symbols following truly international conventions said let say happen agree would appropriate use haceks palatoalveolar sounds hacek would diacritic marking natural class sounds proposed 1989 kiel convention ipa voted conservative colleagues consider important keep ipa stable possible see point view prefer mine nevertheless point democratically approved international standards unless one keeps reluctantly avoid haceks peter ladefoged