language evolution context gerard gautier gauier cc nsysu edu tw interesting stuff sometimes realise talking sister france phone find unthinkingly telling j habite dans une petite hsiang derriere l ecole ditto english need describe puzzled looks let les achevements academiques slip french cesar achevant les prisonniers gaulois par salvador dali la maniere de meissonnier case hsiang different though le milkbar du coin wife constantly use expect ruelle strongly associated one experience thing would living french speaking chinese town since usually french chinese hear chinese towns merci monsieur de la palisse hsiang strongly associated much creeps even french sentence ditto milkbar australia guess trinkhalle germany closest think french would l arabe du coin would parisian french imagine mean evolution depend education level people would differential inside society according say social class well great britain provides prime examples cants come across weeks ago language british isles peter trudgill ed cambridge university press 1984 isbn 0521 28409 0 recommend highly chock ablock full engrossing wellpresented data rural dialects england romani angloromani via shelta polari even discounting cants remember father mentioning started learning breton lived douarnenez breton speakers given finding breton learnt fisherment well nigh useless communicating farmers back cants nt francois villon poems argot incomprehensible today also aware phenomenons resistance acculturative evolution conscious quebecquois telling un hotdog french un chien chaud toubon opinion marginal impedement natural evolution whatever direction takes another exemple complexity issue would rigidification language facing threat phonology vocabulary syntax two facets phenomenon nt resume questions ascertain language reaction without resort extralinguistic implicit hypothesis homogeneity classes identity evolution whatever number speakers would lngswitching vs creolisation existence type evolution scripting system etc even resorting extralinguistic hypotheses hypotheses seem post hoc hold subset data words may find counterevidence galore blind hypotheses useful predictive value mean may significant 99 99 confidence level beyond yet remain useless example recorded outcomes 100 000 spins roulette table find 50 5 red 49 5 black grab pocket calculator yes yes yes particular roulette wheel must biased towards red dreams untold riches prodding start betting red might realize going get rich quickly 0 5 edge ability predict outcome next spin practical purposes unchanged unless almost much money play casino certain wiped long run another story called drunkard walk