text_combined: shor revival shor literaly language irina nevskaya mainz summary article devoted presentday sociolinguistic situation mountain shoriya russia south western siberia kemerovo region indigenous population mountain shoriya shors speak one siberian turkic languages shor language survived spite unfavourable circumstances recently neither written taught school half century present shors try restore social functions language turcological traditions novokuznetsk state pedagogical institute facilitated even instigated revival shor literary language article touches upon history literary shor shor language research novokuznetsk analyzes recent developments shoriya revival shor language school teaching written shor special attention paid problems facing shor turcologists providing revival process scientific backup article fully published one next issues journal turkic languages present extracts general information shors one minor indigenous turkic peoples siberia former ussr slightly 16 000 shors 12 585 according census 1989 lived kuzbass kemerovo region south western siberia itogi 1989 42 shors inhabit mountain shoriya northern part sayan altay mountain region ethnonym introduced academician v v radlov end nineteenth century ethnonym came used officially originally name one turkic family clans tribes sooks spoke rather similar turkic dialects turks altay also used terrn shor turkic speaking population kondoma shor lfondumj mrassu shor pras tom shor tom river basins time population general native name official native name oftthis ethnos ethnonym spread mid 1 30 beginning national cansolidation turkic sayan altay ethnic groups ethnic group formed various turkic non turkic sources ethnonym aba name one tolax sooks encountered chinese sources dating 603 pritsak 1959 630 shors considered turkicized ob ugrians linguistic ethnographic anthropological research shows thz presence ob ugric substratum ethnos toponymy shoriya lot ket names e g river names ending zas sas indicating region inhabited earlier kets many questions shor ethnic history yet solved separate nation selfidentification national sentiment formed within turkic speaking population region last three centuries shor ethnologist dr valery kimeev delineates 3 periods ethnos history kimeev 1994 4 6 1 formation territorial ethnic groups shors within administrative ethnic territory russian kuzneckij uezd beginning seventeenth beginning twentieth century 2 national cultural consolidation framework autonomous national district cor loswo skij nacional nyj ajon 1926 1939 time processes national development intensive important contributing factors development literary language school instruction shor spreading literacy among shor population 3 early 1940 recently shor nation conditions active spreading dominant russian culture within years shors lost literary language brink full assimilation socio linguistic situation shordya late 1980 shor language survived despite unfavourable circumstances fast industrial development area twentieth century almost destroyed traditional shor way life profound influence area mass inflow mainly russian speaking migrants initiated assimilation processes threatened shor language also existence shor nation beginning 1950 following new economic social factors emerged small farms merged many shor villages disappeared people search work move cities processes assimilation moved even faster rural population reduced urban population mountainshoriya grew schools small shor villages closed shor boarding schools opened primary secondary educational establishments big villages industrial centers shor children lived apart families academic year instructed russian result end 1980 shor came lower social status written language language school education furthermore transmission younger generations almost stopped number speakers dramatically diminished language competence speakers reduced especially urban shors 3 urban shors could speak shor fluently 1986 versus 20 1 1976 competence russian increased 1989 59 4 shors considered shor mother tongue versus 76 6 1970 number shors considered russian mother tongue increased 24 4 39 1 itogi 1989 42 see people preferred give mother tongue history shor literary language important analysis factors led situation general information history shor litera language shor could called one oppressed languages former ussr within twentieth century alone shor language lost literary tradition twice first time october revolution russia church schools founded altay missionaries closed altay missionaries preached native languages siberia aborigines published books indigenous languages siberian people founded primary secondary schools religious tertiary schools trained national priests teachers shor schools one first primary schools shoriya opened village kuzedeevo wellknown missionary linguist v 1 verbitsky taught school time october revolution schools larger villages northern part shoriya 40 population literate shor language school teaching written communication literature shor literature time sparse shor translations religious literature original works 1917 outbreak revolution civil war schools closed hence literary tradition interrupted 1927 shor national district formed though district exist long annulled 1939 important period development shortliterary language taught schools considerable number books shor published th 150 titles language folklore ethnology shors studied intensively however tragic events 193745 devastating effect culture shors 1942 last issue shor language newspaper kyzl sor red shoriya published shor schools closed frqm time shor language longer written taught schools half century sphere functioning minimal used home everyday topics cultural needs met russian language education literary works mass media well administrative political economic relations period several generations urban shors grew best minimal competence shor present history gives shor language chance probably last one become literary language active growth shor national sentiment political activity interest national culture language changes country whole contribute revival literary shor began publishing textbooks shor training shor language teachers teaching shor schools shor language circles revival teaching shor schools 1988 chair shor language literature created novokuznetsk state pedagogical institute ngpi first head prof andrey chudoyakov year shor department established faculty philology teacher training shor language literature began year later teachers different subjects shors began teach shor number schools graduates 2 year course training leaders shor language circles course organized novokuznetsk dr alisa esipova shor alphabet book textbooks primary years written dr nadezhda kurpeshko kemerovo members department 1994 first graduates national department 5 people began work schools kemerovo region present 20 teachers shor work schools tashtagol mezhdurechensk districts mountain shoriya cities villages schools closed 1030 years ago resumed teaching schools rebuilt turcology novokuznetsk revival process facilitated perhaps even instigated turcological traditions novokuznetsk state pedagogical institute 50 crucial years shor language history collecting compiling describing still available material stopped shor language research carried mainly university foreignlanguage teachers novokuznetsk state pedagogical institute late eighties witnessed uprise shor national sentiment desire restore social functions language already qualified people among also shors could cope task initially important task facing linguists provide revival process scientific backup create modern orthography shor choose standard dialect work literary norms references itogi vsesojuznoj perepisi naselenija 1989 goda vypusk 4 nacional nyj sostav 1990 kemerovo kemerovskoe kniznoe izdatel tvo patruseva g 1994 sovremennye etniceskie processy u sorcev kimeev v lavrent eva l tokmasev j k sogrina n bobrov v v nevskaja tivjakov eds 1994 sorskij sbornik vypusk 1 kemerovo kem gu 216222 pritsak 1959 das schorische deny jean scheel helmuth togan zeki validi eds philologiae turcicae fundamenta 1 wiesbaden steiner 598640 dr irina nevskaya novokuznetsk russia currently scholarship conference german academy sciences working research project entitled converb clauses shor guidance prof dr lars johanson stay mainz university institute oriental studies july 1997 interested siberian turkic languages address dr irina nevskaya seminar fur orientkunde universitat mainz d55099 mainz tel 496131 393885 e mail turcolog mzdmza zdv unimainz de fax 496131 394380