text_combined: technews kdtkaufhacmorg read technews online httptechnewsacmorg c 2008 information inc service may reproduced internal distribution acm technews friday february 22 2008 headlines young researcher receive acm award internet performance measurement techniques method stealing critical data berkeley researcher describes parallel path us science funding hits political wall securing cyberspace among top technological challenges 21st century panel says rd still drive next big thing stanford camera chip see 3d google competition robotic moon landing goal applying theory microsoft black hat conference experts develop cybersecurity recommendations next president learning brains computers vice versa military aims seal leaky networks wizkid makes debut museum modern art university illinois develops free easytouse web tool kit archivists fastlearning computer translates four languages new research takes aim oral cancer japan googles reallife lab eecs prof undergrad walk computer lab looks familiar news stories young researcher receive acm award internet performance measurement techniques ascribe newswire 022108 university california berkeley associate professor computer science vern paxson receive acms 2007 grace murray hopper award outstanding young computer professional year research measuring internet behavior award comes 35000 prize funded google paxson developed techniques used research community internet operators assess new communications concepts improve network performance prevent network intrusion paxsons internet measurement research brought scientific process measuring internets behavior conditions operates elevating practice internet management higher level paxsons work also allowed research community evaluate new ideas technologies identify problems priorities needed increased efficiency paxson named acm fellow 2006 1996 research paper endtoend routing behavior internet first test time award acms special interest group data communication sigcomm httpnewswireascribeorgcgibinbeholdplascribeid20080221075058time09200020pstyear2008public0 method stealing critical data new york times 022208 p c1 markoff john princeton university researchers devised unique simple methodology stealing encrypted information stored computer hard disks technique involves literally freezing computers dynamic random access memory chips demonstrated retain data seconds even minutes power cut data like chips frozen place chilled air allowing keys read researchers using patternrecognition software princeton computer scientist edward w felten wrote web posting application liquid nitrogen chips allows retain data hours without power noted breakthrough pretty serious extent people relying file protection experiment offers clear proof trusted computing hardware apparently halt potential intrusions researchers said said employed special utilities windows macintosh linux operating systems compromise encrypted data reported started probing utilities vulnerabilities last fall noting reference persistence data memory 2005 technical paper authored stanford computer scientists another example things arent quite seem people tell things secure says sri international researcher peter neumann httpwwwnytimescom20080222technology22chiphtml berkeley researcher describes parallel path ee times 022108 merritt rick university california berkeley computer science professor david patterson detailed plans defining new parallel programming model mainstream computing annual gathering feb 21 unless researchers successfully define efficient parallel methods programming difficult people get benefit new hardware patterson warned plan followed new parallel computing lab patterson helm berkeley proceed five steps lab already carried selection researchers areas include image recognition voice recognition personal health define compelling parallel applications next phase involves identification common patterns study applications independent group devise frameworks composing language help programmers invent coordinate parallel programming modules groups characterize new operating system hardware frameworks best dovetail parallel model along tools help programmers optimize applications sources said berkeley chosen intel microsoft work parallel programming model challenge fiveyear 10 million grant patterson said around 12 faculty members 40 graduate students lab participants separate panel discussions berkeley gathering focused move toward ubiquitous computing professor inktomi founder eric brewer pointing industry know focused onesixth population tremendous untapped opportunity sheer volume people could involved httpwwweetonlinecomnewslatestshowarticlejhtmljsessionidmaxgfq2mksslcqsndlsckhaarticleid206801229 us science funding hits political wall hpc wire 022208 vol 17 8 feldman michael federal funding science education research department energy doe office science national science foundation nsf national institute standards technology nist supposed double next seven years presidents american competitiveness initiative bipartisan support capitol hill however fiscal 2008 appropriations ended 70 percent short nist 77 percent short nsf 92 percent short doe partisan maneuvering president bushs decision set cap 2008 appropriations spurred democratcontrolled congress challenge appropriations proposal 23 billion cap bush responded veto threat prompted democrats lower proposal 11 billion cap president gop refused accept forced democrats meet original budget cap result doeimplemented funding freeze university research significant reductions graduate research fellowships basic research projects nsf cutback scientists engineers nist experts generally lament decline funding basic science research warning breeds complacency among science community general public threatens americas global technology leadership giving countries heavy research tech work force investments competitive edge however funding doe office sciences advanced scientific computing research program responsible developing managing highend computing resources rd initiatives got substantial boost compared 2007 httpwwwhpcwirecomhpc2153825html securing cyberspace among top technological challenges 21st century panel says network world 021908 securing cyberspace recently named one top 14 technical challenges century national academy engineering panel panel said electronic computing communication contain complex challenges engineering ever faced including ensuring confidentiality integrity transmitted information deterring identity theft preventing electronic terrorist attacks could disable transportation communication power grids panel noted serious breaches security financial military computer systems already taken place identity theft growing problem research development security systems progressed much beyond strategy amounting fixing problems cobbling together security patches vulnerabilities discovered great technological challenges panel identified include advancing health care informatics improving virtual reality engineering better medicine preventing nuclear terror national science foundation agrees panel cited cybersecurity area wants united states invest resources httpwwwnetworkworldcomnews2008021908toptechnologicalchallengeshtml rd still drive next big thing thomasnet 021908 butcher david r plunkett research estimates global spending research development topped 1 trillion 2006 latest global rd report battelle rd magazine projects worldwide rd spending 2008 exceed 2007 figures nearly 8 percent total 121 trillion rd primarily carried funded north america europe asia 30 developed member nations organization economic cooperation development science engineering indicators 2008 report national science board estimates rd spending climbed rapidly selected asian latin american economies elsewhere almost 10 years rapid sustained rd expansion 1995 2005 china university rd projects continuing fed government research dollars greater portion us rd funding channeled companyowned outsourced labs abroad outsourcing offshoring research engineering projects skyrocketing strength low costs immense talent pools speed quality overseas innovation especially india china plunkett says japan united states currently lead world terms rd percentage gross domestic project countries combined rd portion fell 56 percent global total 48 percent 1995 2005 according nsb report despite record high approximately 340 billion spent rd united states 2006 nsb report observes multiyear decline federal support basic applied research acm concluded december 2007 congress sanctioning rd spending increases proportion rate inflation including allocations construction projects extraneous basic research funding responsibilities httpnewsthomasnetcomimtarchives200802the_state_of_research_and_development_rd_worldwide_investment_science_techhtml stanford camera chip see 3d cnet 022108 shankland stephen stanford university researchers developed multiaperture image sensor capable judging distance subjects snapshot sensor see objects differently light detectors used ordinary digital cameras instead using entire sensor capture single representation image 3megapixel sensor prototype breaks scene small slightly overlapping 16x16pixel patches called subarrays subarray uses lens view photo subject picture taken imageprocessing software analyzes minor location differences element different subarrays determine distance objects result photograph accompanied depth map describes pixels red blue green light components far away pixel currently researchers specific file format data depth information attached jpeg file metadata multiaperture approach could also help reduce noise colored speckles occur often digital photography higher iso sensitivity settings noise reduced multiple subarrays capture views making easier distinguish true color object offcolor noise subarray also calibrated record specific color would reduce color crosstalk current image sensors however sensor requires 10 times much processing power conventional onchip image processing resolution lower raw number overall sensor subject matter captured multiple pixels httpwwwnewscom830113580_3987443639html google competition robotic moon landing goal new york times 022208 p c3 stone brad google sponsoring google lunar x prize competition 30 million prizes first two teams land robotic rover moon send back images data ten teams announced intention participate competition teams include universities opensource engineers aerospace startups one team led renowned roboticist william l whitaker carnegie mellon university professor teams include affiliation four universities two major aerospace companies italy group loose association engineers coordinating efforts online developing new generation technology cheaper used often enable new wave explorers says x prize foundation chairman peter h diamandis google award 20 million first team lands moon sends packet data pack earth travels least 500 meters sends second packet second team accomplish goals awarded 5 million bonuses offered completing tasks visiting historic landing site finding detecting lunar ice prize amounts start decline goals accomplished 2012 idea help spur return moon maybe even quickly national plans really exciting says google cofounder sergey brin httpwwwnytimescom20080222business22spacehtml applying theory microsoft technology review 022108 naone erica microsoft researchs jennifer chayes recently named managing director new microsoft research new england lab opens cambridge mass july research widereaching applications internet including search keyword advertising recommendation systems social networks asked changed 11 years worked microsoft chayes recalled time colleague said work moved much closer applications chayes responded saying applications moved closer work working industry instead academia chayes says able hear problems field much quickly able one first people model problems chayes recently researching monetize social networks focusing finding balance collecting enough data make appropriate recommendations protecting peoples private information lab work sociologists psychologists economists order gain new insights approach work data weve got kinds things want think really time mathematicians computer scientists start interacting sociologists psychologists says im expert people want model people want httpwwwtechnologyreviewcombiztech20312af black hat conference experts develop cybersecurity recommendations next president informationweek 022008 hoover j nicholas members recently convened cyber commission 44th president discussed goals panel recent black hat security conference washington dc commission spend next nine months coming recommendations creating national cybersecurity policy one central issues national security want make sure doesnt go away says james lewis director technology public policy program center strategic international studies supports panel commission governmentmandated commission membership includes two sitting members congress jerry dixon former executive director national cyber security division department homeland security could give panel clout panel plans focus defining clear command control structure federal cybersecurity standardizing technology procurement procedures across federal agencies determining research development agenda httpwwwinformationweekcomsecurityshowarticlejhtmlarticleid206800855cidrssfeed_techweb learning brains computers vice versa mit news 021608 chandler david mit researcher tomaso poggio recently combined parallel research efforts examined computers brain perform various functions one project researched using complex computational methods understanding brain works focused improving abilities computers perform difficult tasks human brains excel understanding complex visual images poggio says turning point came last year team used model vision system designed theoretical analysis certain pathways brain work interpret series photographs despite fact model developed purpose turned good better best existing computer vision systems recognizing certain types complex scenes first time model able reproduce human behavior kind task poggio says experiments involved task easy people difficult computers showing picture asking animals scene picture shown fraction second information would processed visual cortex one brains complex areas reaching understanding visual cortex works could significant step toward understanding brain computational models beginning provide powerful new insights key problems brain works poggio says httpwebmitedunewsoffice2008aaasbrain0216html military aims seal leaky networks investors business daily 022008 p a5 riley sheila minimize future security leaks military academic researchers looking ways make computer networks secure including techniques understanding thought process network intruders efforts lead rapidly emerging field research called intrusion prediction aims predict actions intruders minimize damage succeed infiltrating network researchers working predict actions hackers analyzing past breaches project involves researchers rochester institute technology university buffalo pennsylvania state university us air force cubrc nonprofit research development company technology developed researchers send alert messages follow project actions multiple attackers simultaneously rochester institute technology professor shanchieh jay yang says intrusion prediction intended one part larger security system believe work quite pioneering yang says notes cureall sophisticated experienced good hackers always find way get network says networks built allow remote access navy convinced strategy valuable help protect important information stuff says jim granger technical director us navys cyber defense operations command want get reactive proactive predictive httpwwwinvestorscomeditorialibdarticlesaspartsec17artnum3issue20080219 wizkid makes debut museum modern art ecole polytechnique federale de lausanne 021908 luy florence museum modern art new york offer visitors opportunity interact wizkid machine part computer part robot trained follow movements part momas design elastic mind exhibit scheduled run feb 24 may 12 2008 visitors interact wizkid screen mobile neck moves like head capable asking questions nonverbally expressing interest confusion pleasure body language also remembers visitors come back range continues conversations wizkid gets us afkaway keyboardand back physical world says ecole polytechnique federale de lausanne engineer frederic kaplan unlike personal computer doesnt force human accommodate fundamentally social multiuser visitors see wizkids screen surrounded halo interactive elements selected waving hands wizkid creature habit function learn preferences would know user wants listen light jazz returns home kaplan developed wizkid martino desposito industrial designer teaches university art design lausanne httpactualitesepflchpresseinfocomid555 university illinois develops free easytouse web tool kit archivists university illinois urbanachampaign 021908 lynn andrea university illinois urbanachampaign library archivists developed archon new freelyavailable online collections management program archon designed specifically archivists limited access technological resources knowledge says scott schwartz one archons developers archivist music fine arts uiuc schwartz says program adaptable institutional setting wanted application particularly useful small oneperson repositories unable take full advantage current tools development says assistant university archivist coproject director chris prom says software makes archives holdings far accessible users notes automatically creates searchable web site schwartz says groups primary goal create tool provide immediate public access information various collections historical documents records found archives took minimalist approach yet didnt sacrifice standards profession schwartz says recognized people researchers need access collections historical documents preserved archives developed tools help put archivists public drivers seat meet important access needs httpwwwnewsuiucedunews080219archonhtml fastlearning computer translates four languages ict results 021808 metis ii europeanbased machinetranslation project demonstrated inexpensive technique translating documents dutch german greek spanish english machine translation currently works best formal texts specialized areas unambiguous vocabulary limited sentence patterns european union supporting research field since large eurotra project 1980s used rulesbased approach taught computer rules syntax applied translate texts one language another however starting early 1990s new concept statistical translation gained popularity statistical translation replaces rules statistical methods based text corpusa large body written material tens millions wordsthat intended representative language parallel corpora contain material two languages computer uses compare corpora learn words expressions one language translate another parallel corpora expensive rare exist languages metis ii researchers employing statistical machine translation without parallel corpora resource using monolingual corpora target language using single corpus requires using dictionary vocabulary way understanding syntax metis ii matches patterns chunk level matching phrases fragments sentence instead entire sentence makes pattern matching efficient httpcordiseuropaeuictresultsindexcfmsectionnewstplarticlebrowsingtypefeaturesid89533 new research takes aim oral cancer university minnesota news 021908 interdisciplinary team researchers university minnesota combining medical research computer science advance medical technology fight oral cancer goal able identify proteins lead oral cancer create technique fight disease earliest stages researchers working new threestep process detect three four times proteins methods part project university minnesota computer science professor john carlis doctoral student getiria onsongo using databases datamodeling techniques analyze medical data extract visualize desired information meanwhile public health professor lead researcher baolin wu using complex statistical models determine many proteins thousands found human saliva pinpoint study wu also analyzing data proteins interact could potentially lead cancerous cells able detect signs early signs oral cancer critical increasing survival rate httpwww1umneduumnnewsfeature_storiesnew_research_takes_aim_at_oral_cancerhtml japan googles reallife lab businessweek 021408 hall kenji japans widespread use wireless broadband made country sort unofficial testing lab google tries refine mobile search technology japans 100 million cell phone users represent diverse group mobile subscribers google tests variety locations japanese often critical likely use phone access internet pc speeds rival fixedline broadband japanese carriers also offered services years many web sites japan formatted cell phones google working two top japanese wireless operators combined subscriber base 82 million fundamental strategy take ideas japan apply markets says googles emmanuel sauquet japans influence gmail users soon able include emoji small animated cartoons emoticons messages google relies userexperience groups determine mobile web surfers like participants given phones internet access asked complete simple tasks either googles lab streets tokyo google also conducts calls 1 percent tests small portion users see different layouts fonts features goal determine changes make service easier use example google found letting users choose default neighborhood make searching faster httpwwwbusinessweekcommagazinecontent08_08b4072055361150htm eecs prof undergrad walk computer lab university california berkeley 021308 bergman barry university california berkeley professor ken goldberg student tavi nathanson developing jestor version 40 computer program rates jokes gives suggestions based users personal sense humor program first launched 1998 upgraded several times goldberg says nathanson joined project 2006 overhauled program jester sends users suggested jokes first user respond series eight jokes establish personal preferences program uses collaborative filtering make joke recommendations jokes users similar preferences found humorous submitted user rates jokes helping define users preferences computer doesnt know anything jokesevery joke black box would movie film goldberg says goldberg nathanson also working program tentatively called donation dashboard recommend portfolios nonprofit organizations potential supporters based interests desired donation amounts preferences httpwwwberkeleyedunewsberkeleyan20080213_jestershtml looks familiar engineer 021108 york university computer vision lecturer william smith trying make process reconstructing 3d image face single 2d image faster accurate smiths work combines advantages two facerecognition approaches first sophisticated approach uses morphable statistical model facial appearance second uses classical shapefromshading techniques statistical approach uses model adjusts parameters try fit model image smith says advantages technique works well real images recognize variety different faces one weakness however shape recreates completely determined system learned earlier means able reconstruct atypical features seen shapefromshading techniques intended compensate shortcoming techniques interpret changes brightness darkness detect changes direction surface face issue face expression quite difficult morphable model approachesyou would need hundreds examples every expression smith says looking using shading information recover 3d shapes might completely different expression feed back model model improve learn recognize images httpwwwtheengineercoukarticles304488fasterfacialrecognitionhtm submit feedback acm 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