text_combined: two summaries apologize negligent posting summaries questions asked 6 weeks ago responses plentiful useful quick congratulations go james vanden bosch vand calvin edu rob pensalfini rjpensal mit edu answered questions french loan words language evolution even received posting linguistlist wow figure remembered 10 000 words borrowed french english people said comes baugh albert c 1951 _ history eng lang _ 2nd edn routledge kegan paul london p 215 basically place nt looked interesting information p 327 according jespersen nearly half 42 7 percent french borrowing english ca 1900 belong 12501400 period 36 thomas pyles origins development english language ny harcourt brace jovanovich 1971 2nd ed pyles quoting footnote 36 jesperson growth structure english language 9th ed oxford 1954 orig pub 1905 references coleman julie 1995 chronology french latin loan words english _ transactions philological society _ 93 95124 references also recent book think christiane dalton puffer steve seegmiller wrote total number borrowings french certainly much higher 10 000 probably ten times number count word unabridged dictionary rather say 20 000 common words heard figures perhaps jespersen sure effect 80 words borrowings 80 french latin terry nadasdi saw posting linguist nt exact reference suggestion might consider looking look thesis english loan words canadian french quote suggests w whitney might place could look quote follows rarely cultivated tongue like period history given ancient material english centuries succeeded norman invasion quote whitney taken elliot 1889 article entitled speech mixture french canada american journal philology vol x 2 speech mixture french canada american journal philology vol x 2 38 p 158186 unfortunately longer article library order might find original whitney source give actual numbers loan words french english thanks particular order roslyn blyn ladrew jladrew chesco com david denison mfcepdd fs1 art man ac uk steve seegmiller seegmillerm alpha montclair edu terry nadasdi tnadasdi gpu srv ualberta ca burns cooper ffgbc aurora alaska edu w h edmondson w h edmondson cs bham ac uk terry lynn irons irons moreheadst edu anyone else missed original second posting evolution languages read natural evolution language analytic synthetic unable find assertion since wondering made replies open question much varied quote rob pensalfini rjpensal mit edu cant comment might said probably said think english serves counterexample degree highly inflecting language lost lot inflection verbal nominal uses prepositions et al case marking would done work always imagined circle fully isolating language might start incorporate certain things centuries become synthetic polysynthetic even incorporating adpositions pronominal arguments eventually distinctions encoded inflection might lost inflection might lost altogether language talking centuries later might use independent words perhaps adverbials something indicate particular grammatical relations lo behold got isolating language fact change either direction possible two sides debates things like ancestor australian language might looked like australia head marking polysynthetic languages dependent case marking languages well languages mixture two people think original language dependent marking truncation cliticisation pronouns led headmarking ken hale among people people take equally valid view ancestor synthetic case marking developed conjunction loss head marking hope use rob carl mills carl mills uc edu wrote nt know made theory probably wrong view happened english ca 800 ca 1500 peter daniels pdaniels pressgopher uchicago edu remarks new book anatole lyovin introduction languages world oxford 1997 nt remember whether gives references notion progress types certainly found max muller believe folks like boas laid rest meanwhile romance future formation cycle noticed high class languages like latin french could oscillate analytic synthetic obviously could nt evolutionary sequence john halloran seagoat pop primenet com trend agglutinative inflective identified bernard h bichakjian article evolutionary patterns linguistics appeared studies language origins vol 2 ed walburga von raffler engel jan wind abraham jonker amsterdam philadelphia john benjamins 1991 pp 187224 also identifies trends linguistic evolution geoffrey sampson geoffs cogs susx ac uk wrote memory adalbert schleicher first writer describe language evolution natural process akin even identical biological evolution thought movement analytic synthetic decay came intellectual progress mankind attained point longer needed supported specific linguistic structures linked themes hegel philosophy deeply vague ian dale iandale ccs carleton ca take referring first instance wilhelm von humboldt quick references edward sapir language 1921 chapter 6 deals rather extensively rather detailed typological comparison without specific reference humboldt charles f hockett 1958 course modern linguistics p181 dismisses ideas hand without giving reference r h robins 1964 general linguistics introductory survey pp 331 335 also discusses sort classification refer specifically humboldt ueber die verschiedenheit des menschlichen sprachbaues berlin 1836 reprinted darmstadt 1949 sort natural evolution imagine would include nearly linguists agree question especially evolution anything progress especially since languages display synthetic analytic features speak terms polysynthetic agglutinative isolating inflecting asya pereltsvaig asya mail netvision net il hi nt know help confuse remember reading somewhere opposite approach languages develop synthetic analytic however cant address reference right laurie bauer laurie bauer vuw ac nz writes history romance latin needs explanation english germanic matter yet consider french le livre je l ai lu moi terms phonology instead traditional word breaks could argue le _ livre je _ l ai _ lu moi three words middle one synthetic derived analytic j ai lu le livre find directions occurring naturally whew thanks everyone shown simple answer likely believe opposite thought read melanie misanchuk department french italian spanish university calgary calgary alberta canada