dysfunction is seen in most patients and there may be spasms of the respiratory muscles and generalized convulsions. The illness progresses rapidly to paralysis, delirium, convulsions and death, usually within a week or two of the onset of illness. Respiratory disease Not available as pathogens Not available Not available as Clusters (e.g., 3 or more Not available as Not available as pathogens may caused by a novel may vary. as pathogens pathogens may vary. cases in 72 hours, or 5 or pathogens may vary. vary. respiratory pathogen** may vary. more cases in a 5-day period) of severe respiratory illness (hospitalised or warranting hospitalisation or ICU admission or death) with evidence of common exposure or epidemiologic link. Attention should be given to recent travel or exposure to animals implicated in zoonotic transmission of respiratory pathogens. Rift valley fever Rift Valley fever is a viral 2-6 days Rift Valley or A person with acute A probable case is a A confirmed case is a person with disease affecting both Slenkdalkoors virus or onset of fever > 38°C suspected case with laboratory evidence of RVF virus (human) domesticated ruminant bunyavirus detected by with at least one of the laboratory IgM infection by (a.PCR positive and animals and humans. Virus any test on any following signs and antibodies against RVF virus isolation from the patient's transmission is mosquito- specimen type *Exclude symptoms: headache, virus. first (single) specimen; OR b.PCR borne amongst the animals IgG serology and HAI nausea, myalgia, positive and IgM positive result on (Culex and Aedes spp.) and arthralgia, neck stiffness, patient's first (single) specimen; occurs via zoonotic route to sensitivity to light, loss OR c. PCR positive on two humans i.e. contact of blood of appetite, vomiting, separate specimens from the same or bodily secretions of diarrhoea, abdominal patient collected at least one day infected livestock. There are pain with sometimes apart; OR d. PCR positive but vaccines available for either of severe clinical IgM/IgG result in patient's
dysfunction is seen in most patients and there may be spasms of the respiratory muscles and generalized convulsions. The illness progresses rapidly to paralysis, delirium, convulsions and death, usually within a week or two of the onset of illness. Respiratory disease caused by a novel respiratory pathogen** Not available as pathogens may vary. Not available as pathogens may vary. Not available as pathogens may vary. Clusters (e.g., 3 or more cases in 72 hours, or 5 or more cases in a 5-day period) of severe respiratory illness (hospitalised or warranting hospitalisation or ICU admission or death) with evidence of common exposure or epidemiologic link. Attention should be given to recent travel or exposure to animals implicated in zoonotic transmission of respiratory pathogens. Not available as pathogens may vary. Not available as pathogens may vary. Rift valley fever (human) Rift Valley fever is a viral disease affecting both domesticated ruminant animals and humans. Virus transmission is mosquito- borne amongst the animals (Culex and Aedes spp.) and occurs via zoonotic route to humans i.e. contact of blood or bodily secretions of infected livestock. There are vaccines available for 2-6 days Rift Valley or Slenkdalkoors virus or bunyavirus detected by any test on any specimen type *Exclude IgG serology and HAI A person with acute onset of fever > 38°C with at least one of the following signs and symptoms: headache, nausea, myalgia, arthralgia, neck stiffness, sensitivity to light, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain with sometimes either of severe clinical A probable case is a suspected case with laboratory IgM antibodies against RVF virus. A confirmed case is a person with laboratory evidence of RVF virus infection by (a.PCR positive and virus isolation from the patient's first (single) specimen; OR b.PCR positive and IgM positive result on patient's first (single) specimen; OR c. PCR positive on two separate specimens from the same patient collected at least one day apart; OR d. PCR positive but IgM/IgG result in patient's
Appendix_C_NMC_case_definitions.docx