to increase cereal production, including providing incentives by subsidizing water and energy and guaranteeing rice and wheat prices (Rasul, 2016). While such incentives have increased production of cereals,which in turn increased the demand for water and energy, led also to degradation of the resource base, and contributed to an increase in water-related problems. Despite the inherent between food, water, and energy production, agencies often work in a fragmented and isolated way. Free water and subsidized electricity have not only encouraged over-exploitation of resources, they have also led to in water and energy-saving technologies and approaches and hindered crop diversification and broad-based agricultural growth in line with the comparative advantages. Access to electricity, energy subsidies and affordable pumps allowed farmers to shift their dependence from surface irrigation (via canals) to groundwater (viawells and tube-wells). In principle, these developments empowered farmers by diversifying their irrigation options and insuring them against the rain shocks. However, the absence of a robust water management policy left the groundwater resources vulnerable to Today, more than 70% of the groundwater has already been utilized and the available groundwater resources are under great stress. The resource stability nexus goes more troubling while considering the long term consequences of climate change especially in developing countries like India. India having two-third of its area rain dependent i.e high monsoon dependency, having diverse seasons, crops and farming system with close link between climate and water resources. Climate change brings shift in rainfall pattern, variation in temperature, extreme weather events and wet and dry spell, cause significant impact on choice and duration of crops, which in turns disturb the water-food-
to increase cereal production, including providing incentives by subsidizing water and energy and guaranteeing rice and wheat prices (Rasul, 2016). While such incentives have increased production of cereals,which in turn increased the demand for water and energy, led also to degradation of the resource base, and contributed to an increase in water-related problems. Despite the inherent between food, water, and energy production, agencies often work in a fragmented and isolated way. Free water and subsidized electricity have not only encouraged over-exploitation of resources, they have also led to in water and energy-saving technologies and approaches and hindered crop diversification and broad-based agricultural growth in line with the comparative advantages. Access to electricity, energy subsidies and affordable pumps allowed farmers to shift their dependence from surface irrigation (via canals) to groundwater (viawells and tube-wells). In principle, these developments empowered farmers by diversifying their irrigation options and insuring them against the rain shocks. However, the absence of a robust water management policy left the groundwater resources vulnerable to Today, more than 70% of the groundwater has already been utilized and the available groundwater resources are under great stress. The resource stability nexus goes more troubling while considering the long term consequences of climate change especially in developing countries like India. India having two-third of its area rain dependent i.e high monsoon dependency, having diverse seasons, crops and farming system with close link between climate and water resources. Climate change brings shift in rainfall pattern, variation in temperature, extreme weather events and wet and dry spell, cause significant impact on choice and duration of crops, which in turns disturb the water-food-
Articles-of-International-Conferance-4-1.docx