it better for a ruler to be loved or feared” answer: both but it is safer “is – to be feared than loved prince should be concerned not with the way things ought to be, but “the with the way things actually are” sole test of a good government is whether it is effective, whether the “the ruler increases his power” Women ► The status of upper-class women declined during the Renaissance ● a woman’s type of work, access to property, and political » power declined from that of the feudal age upper-class women received an education for the purpose » bringing culture to their home and children women were viewed as property of their husband » Ordinary received little or no education, but continued to ● play a significant role in the work place and in the home Rape was not considered a particularly serious crime against either ● the victim or society Some women made up a small minority of humanists who acquired great learning & fame: Christine de Pisan (pg. 410-411) Sofonisba Anguissola (1530-1625) paintings – Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1653) paintings – - Judith Slaying Holofernes (pg. 434) Isabella Andreini (1562-1604) actress – Laura Cereta (1469-1499) humanist – educated in philosophy, theology, and mathematics married at 15 widowed at 18 (spent rest of her life in study) – women, who strive for no good but exist to adorn “empty themselves women of majestic pride, fantastic …These coiffures, outlandish ornament, and necks bound with gold or pearls bear glittering symbols of their captivity to men.” to Laura, women’s inferiority was derived not from the divine order of things but from women themselves knowledge is “for not given as a gift, but through study…The free mind, not afraid of labor, presses on to attain the good.” Technology ► The printing press: Johann Gutenberg experimenting in Mainz, – (1455) ● developed movable type in a machine called the printing press transformed both private and public lives of Europeans, allowing silent » individuals to join causes and peoples separated by geography to form common identities Gutenberg’s Bible (1456) ○ The Mechanical Clock: The ability to quantify or measure time with a mechanical ● was first introduced in Europe during the 10th century
“is it better for a ruler to be loved or feared” answer: both – but it is safer to be feared than loved “the prince should be concerned not with the way things ought to be, but with the way things actually are” “the sole test of a good government is whether it is effective, whether the ruler increases his power” ► Women ● The status of upper-class women declined during the Renaissance » a woman’s type of work, access to property, and political power declined from that of the feudal age » upper-class women received an education for the purpose bringing culture to their home and children » women were viewed as property of their husband ● Ordinary received little or no education, but continued to play a significant role in the work place and in the home ● Rape was not considered a particularly serious crime against either the victim or society Some women made up a small minority of humanists who acquired great learning & fame: Christine de Pisan (pg. 410-411) Sofonisba Anguissola (1530-1625) – paintings Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1653) – paintings - Judith Slaying Holofernes (pg. 434) Isabella Andreini (1562-1604) – actress Laura Cereta (1469-1499) – humanist educated in philosophy, theology, and mathematics married at 15 – widowed at 18 (spent rest of her life in study) “empty women, who strive for no good but exist to adorn themselves …These women of majestic pride, fantastic coiffures, outlandish ornament, and necks bound with gold or pearls bear glittering symbols of their captivity to men.” to Laura, women’s inferiority was derived not from the divine order of things but from women themselves “for knowledge is not given as a gift, but through study…The free mind, not afraid of labor, presses on to attain the good.” ► Technology ● The printing press: Johann Gutenberg (1455) – experimenting in Mainz, developed movable type in a machine called the printing press » transformed both private and public lives of Europeans, allowing silent individuals to join causes and peoples separated by geography to form common identities ○ Gutenberg’s Bible (1456) ● The Mechanical Clock: The ability to quantify or measure time with a mechanical was first introduced in Europe during the 10th century
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