ANNEX 1 Definition of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Test Environment Associated Performance Representative of TRL ISO Definition Model(s) Requirements Operational Environment Basic principles observed and 1 Not applicable In elaboration Not applicable reported Technology concept and/or 2 Not applicable In elaboration Not applicable application formulated Mathematical Analytical and experimental models, supported 3 critical function and/or Partly Defined No e.g. by sample characteristic proof-of-concept tests Component and/or breadboard 4 functional verification in Breadboard Partly Defined No laboratory environment Yes Component and/or breadboard Scaled EM for the (for critical functions 5 critical function verification in Fully Defined critical functions subject to scaling a relevant environment effect) Model demonstrating the Full scale EM, critical functions of the Yes 6 representative for Fully Defined element in a relevant (for critical functions) critical functions environment Model demonstrating the 7 element performance for the QM / EQM / PFMa Fully Defined Yes operational environment Actual system completed and 8 accepted for flight (“flight PFM / FM Fully Defined Yes qualified”) Actual system proven” “flight 9 through successful mission PFM / FM Fully Defined Yes operations a A PFM may be used to achieve qualification provided that the commercial customer accepts the risk and it is demonstrated that the use of an alternative qualification model (e.g. EQM) is not viable. In this case the cost of the flight hardware is not supported by ESA. See also for the use of TRLs in ESA programmes”, ESSB-HB-E-002, Issue 1, Rev 0, 21 “Guidelines August 2013 (available on the ARTES web site at ).
ANNEX 1 Definition of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) TRL ISO Definition Associated Model(s) Performance Requirements Test Environment Representative of Operational Environment 1 Basic principles observed and reported Not applicable In elaboration Not applicable 2 Technology concept and/or application formulated Not applicable In elaboration Not applicable 3 Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof-of-concept Mathematical models, supported e.g. by sample tests Partly Defined No 4 Component and/or breadboard functional verification in laboratory environment Breadboard Partly Defined No 5 Component and/or breadboard critical function verification in a relevant environment Scaled EM for the critical functions Fully Defined Yes (for critical functions subject to scaling effect) 6 Model demonstrating the critical functions of the element in a relevant environment Full scale EM, representative for critical functions Fully Defined Yes (for critical functions) 7 Model demonstrating the element performance for the operational environment QM / EQM / PFMa Fully Defined Yes 8 Actual system completed and accepted for flight (“flight qualified”) PFM / FM Fully Defined Yes 9 Actual system “flight proven” through successful mission operations PFM / FM Fully Defined Yes a A PFM may be used to achieve qualification provided that the commercial customer accepts the risk and it is demonstrated that the use of an alternative qualification model (e.g. EQM) is not viable. In this case the cost of the flight hardware is not supported by ESA. See also “Guidelines for the use of TRLs in ESA programmes”, ESSB-HB-E-002, Issue 1, Rev 0, 21 August 2013 (available on the ARTES web site at ).
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