Interpolation As used in this manual, interpolation is the estimation of z-values at a — point with x/y coordinates, based on the known z-values of surrounding points. There are many different forms of interpolation: A variation of spline interpolation optimized for the creation of ANUDEM — hydrologically correct (hydro-enforced) terrain models. Inverse Distance Weighted Interpolation A method for interpolating the — elevations of new points by using a linearly weighted combination of values from nearby points, where the weight is a function of inverse distance. Kriging A method for interpolating the elevations of new points by using — geostatistical techniques that weight the surrounding measured values to derive a prediction for each location. However, the weights are based not only on the distance between the measured points and the prediction location but also on the strength of the overall correlation among the measured points. With kriging, the data are used to define the spatial correlation model to determine the weights for neighboring samples that are used to fit a surface to the points. Natural Neighbor Interpolation A method for interpolating the elevations of new — points by using an area based weighting scheme to interpolate heights. Spline A method for interpolating the elevations of new points by using a — mathematical formula to create a surface that minimizes the overall surface curvatures, resulting in a smooth surface that passes through the input points. Intervisibility The identification of all points that are visible from a designated input — point. Generally synonymous with and “viewshed” “line-of-sight.” J K Kalman Filter A recursive minimum variance estimation technique that uses — statistical models to weight each new measurement relative to past information and estimate quantities of interest having statistical characteristics. It can be thought of as a recursive least squares adjustment. See Interpolation. Kriging — L L1 1 frequency of 1575.42 MHz, one of the radio frequencies transmitted by ― GPS satellites. This frequency carries the C/A code, P-code, and the navigation message. L2 Level 2 frequency of 1227.6 MHz, one of the radio frequencies transmitted by ― GPS satellites. This frequency carries only the P-code.
Interpolation — As used in this manual, interpolation is the estimation of z-values at a point with x/y coordinates, based on the known z-values of surrounding points. There are many different forms of interpolation: ANUDEM — A variation of spline interpolation optimized for the creation of hydrologically correct (hydro-enforced) terrain models. Inverse Distance Weighted Interpolation — A method for interpolating the elevations of new points by using a linearly weighted combination of values from nearby points, where the weight is a function of inverse distance. Kriging — A method for interpolating the elevations of new points by using geostatistical techniques that weight the surrounding measured values to derive a prediction for each location. However, the weights are based not only on the distance between the measured points and the prediction location but also on the strength of the overall correlation among the measured points. With kriging, the data are used to define the spatial correlation model to determine the weights for neighboring samples that are used to fit a surface to the points. Natural Neighbor Interpolation — A method for interpolating the elevations of new points by using an area based weighting scheme to interpolate heights. Spline — A method for interpolating the elevations of new points by using a mathematical formula to create a surface that minimizes the overall surface curvatures, resulting in a smooth surface that passes through the input points. Intervisibility — The identification of all points that are visible from a designated input point. Generally synonymous with “viewshed” and “line-of-sight.” J K Kalman Filter — A recursive minimum variance estimation technique that uses statistical models to weight each new measurement relative to past information and estimate quantities of interest having statistical characteristics. It can be thought of as a recursive least squares adjustment. Kriging — See Interpolation. L L1 ― 1 frequency of 1575.42 MHz, one of the radio frequencies transmitted by GPS satellites. This frequency carries the C/A code, P-code, and the navigation message. L2 ― Level 2 frequency of 1227.6 MHz, one of the radio frequencies transmitted by GPS satellites. This frequency carries only the P-code.
Appendix_B_Glossary.docx