Table 2.5 Order of consonant acquisition in children up to 42 months. Reproduced with permission. Table 2.5 Order of consonant acquisition in children up to 42 months Age Consonant Example 12-17m /d, t, m, n, k, h, p, b, j, l/ /mɒmɒ/, /næ/ ʔ, 18-23m /x, s, z/ /ɡo/, /ʧi/ ɡ, ʧ, ʃ, ʤ, 24-29m /f, v, G/ /boɾo/, /Gos/ ɾ, 36-42m /ʒ/ /mæʒik/ In general, there is a tendency for nasals, plosives and anterior consonants, such as bilabials and alveolars, to be acquired first, whereas fricatives and sounds typically produced at posterior places, such as velars and uvulars appear to be acquired late. According to Dodd et al. (2003) in appendix 1 this is true in languages in general. Table 2.6 shows the results of all speech acquisition studies discussed in this section. Table 2.6 Summary of Farsi speech acquisition studies Name of the Participant’s Age of the Method Aim Result researcher information participants Geraminejad 8 monolingual 1 to 5;6 ----- To examine (1983) typically the developing acquisition of children can children who fricatives in produce all speak Farsi the Farsi vowels consonants before they inventory are 19 and vowels months old and produce fricative consonants correctly by two years old Rahemi and 50 3;0 to 6;0 to find More than Salehi (1992) developing sentence normative 75% of Farsi children who repetition as data for speaking speak Farsi a speech articulation children produce majority of
Table 2.5 Order of consonant acquisition in children up to 42 months. Reproduced with permission. Table 2.5 Order of consonant acquisition in children up to 42 months Age Consonant Example 12-17m /d, t, m, n, ʔ, k, h, p, b, j, l/ /mɒmɒ/, /næ/ 18-23m /x, ɡ, ʧ, ʃ, ʤ, s, z/ /ɡo/, /ʧi/ 24-29m /f, v, ɾ, G/ /boɾo/, /Gos/ 36-42m /ʒ/ /mæʒik/ In general, there is a tendency for nasals, plosives and anterior consonants, such as bilabials and alveolars, to be acquired first, whereas fricatives and sounds typically produced at posterior places, such as velars and uvulars appear to be acquired late. According to Dodd et al. (2003) in appendix 1 this is true in languages in general. Table 2.6 shows the results of all speech acquisition studies discussed in this section. Table 2.6 Summary of Farsi speech acquisition studies Name of the researcher Participant’s information Age of the participants Method Aim Result Geraminejad (1983) 8 monolingual typically developing children who speak Farsi 1 to 5;6 ----- To examine the acquisition of fricatives in the Farsi consonants inventory and vowels children can produce all vowels before they are 19 months old and produce fricative consonants correctly by two years old Rahemi and Salehi (1992) 50 children who speak Farsi 3;0 to 6;0 sentence repetition as a speech to find normative data for articulation More than 75% of Farsi speaking children produce majority of developing
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