Coutts 2010, To examine the Data on all-cause All-cause and State mortality Greenness in census tracts, Controlled for the proportion mortality ↓ USA relationships mortality and cardiovascular database 2009 Public land file of the population in each Cardiovascular mortality neyween the ecological mortality from mortality county that are overweight ↓ (Coutts et al. presence and study major or obese, the proportion 2010) accessibility of cardiovascular who smoke, the proportion greenspace and diseases in 2007 of people who report being were obtained moderately physically active, mortality in the from the Florida the % of the population 65 state of Florida Department of and older, and % of the Health’s population with a bachelor’s Community degree or higher. Also Health controlled for ethnicity Assessment Resource Tool Set (CHARTS). (n = 167,708 deaths from 54,542 deaths from cardiovascular diseases) Coutts 2015, To determine if Death certificate Premature mortality mortality Distance from residential Four separate models for of potential life lost with decreasing ↓ USA green space records obtained from all causes databases address to nearest males and four separate distance to nearest greenspace for both males proximity to study from the Florida greenspace, amount of models for females, and females (Coutts and one’s residential State Department greenspace within a set of controlling for education, Horner location at time of Health, Bureau defined distances from each race, Hispanic ethnicity, and 2015) of death was of Epidemiology residence; 2009 public land marital status predictive of for the years file cause premature 2000-2012 mortality (n = 2,216,641) Cusack 2017, To examine All births in Texas Birth weight, odds Texas Vital Statistics Estimates of residential Adjusted for maternal and Birth weight, odds of preterm birth, odds of USA residential based from 2000 to of preterm birth, program greenspace derived from parental (if available) being small for gestational age ↔ greenness and cohort 2009 odds of being small MODIS satellite NDVI covariates age, smoking, (Cusack et al. Associations became non-significant in fully birth outcomes study for gestational age imagery education, race/ethnicity; 2017) (n = 3,413,787) adjusted models in Texas with pregnancy-related variables large regional included method of delivery, variation in parity, prenatal care, greenness levels gestational age, baby’s sex,
Coutts 2010, USA (Coutts et al. 2010) To examine the relationships neyween the presence and accessibility of greenspace and mortality in the state of Florida ecological study Data on all-cause mortality and mortality from major cardiovascular diseases in 2007 were obtained from the Florida Department of Health’s Community Health Assessment Resource Tool Set (CHARTS). (n = 167,708 deaths from 54,542 deaths from cardiovascular diseases) All-cause and cardiovascular mortality State mortality database Greenness in census tracts, 2009 Public land file Controlled for the proportion of the population in each county that are overweight or obese, the proportion who smoke, the proportion of people who report being moderately physically active, the % of the population 65 and older, and % of the population with a bachelor’s degree or higher. Also controlled for ethnicity mortality ↓ Cardiovascular mortality ↓ Coutts 2015, USA (Coutts and Horner 2015) To determine if green space proximity to one’s residential location at time of death was predictive of premature mortality study Death certificate records obtained from the Florida State Department of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology for the years 2000-2012 (n = 2,216,641) Premature mortality from all causes mortality databases Distance from residential address to nearest greenspace, amount of greenspace within a set of defined distances from each residence; 2009 public land file Four separate models for males and four separate models for females, controlling for education, race, Hispanic ethnicity, and marital status of potential life lost ↓ with decreasing distance to nearest greenspace for both males and females Cusack 2017, USA (Cusack et al. 2017) To examine residential greenness and birth outcomes in Texas with large regional variation in greenness levels cohort study All births in Texas from 2000 to 2009 (n = 3,413,787) Birth weight, odds of preterm birth, odds of being small for gestational age Texas Vital Statistics program Estimates of residential greenspace derived from MODIS satellite NDVI imagery Adjusted for maternal and parental (if available) covariates age, smoking, education, race/ethnicity; pregnancy-related variables included method of delivery, parity, prenatal care, gestational age, baby’s sex, Birth weight, odds of preterm birth, odds of being small for gestational age ↔ Associations became non-significant in fully adjusted models based cause
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