Supporting evidence of streptococcal infection within the last 45 days are prolonged PP-R interval on ECG, elevated or rising antistreptolysin-O or other antistreptococcal antibody; a positive throat culture; a rapid antigen test for group A strep, recent scarlet fever. Anthrax "Anthrax is an acute 2-7 days B. anthracis isolated A person with either 1. A probable case is a A confirmed case is a person with infectious disease caused by from any clinical Skin lesion evolving suspected case with laboratory evidence of infection the spore-forming bacterium sample. over 1-6 days from a laboratory Gram+ve with Bacillus anthracis by (Culture Bacillus anthracis. The papular through a Bacillus culture (and isolation of Bacillus anthracis -like disease most commonly vesicular to a possible presence of organisms or spores from any Gram+ve Bacillus occurs in wild and domestic depressed black eschar endospores). clinical specimen and PCR (thick rods with animals such as cattle, sheep, invariably accompanied confirmation of cultured isolate). truncated ends, with goats, camels, antelope and by oedema that may be possible endospore) other herbivores. Humans mild to extensive with detected by any test on can also get anthrax when fever, malaise and any specimen type they are exposed to infected lymphadenopathy OR 2. animals or tissue from these Nausea, vomiting and animals. Persons who may anorexia followed by have been exposed to anthrax fever, vomiting of blood, are not contagious, so bloody diarrhoeaOR 3. quarantine is not appropriate Rapid onset of hypoxia, Symptoms vary, depending shortness of breath and on how the disease was high temperature, with contracted. Most (about 95 radiological evidence of %) anthrax infections occur mediastinal widening or when the bacterium enters pleural effusion OR 4. through skin lesions (cuts or Acute onset of high abrasions) such as when fever, convulsions, loss handling contaminated wool, of consciousness and hides, leather or hair meningeal signs and products (especially goat symptoms AND having
Supporting evidence of streptococcal infection within the last 45 days are prolonged PP-R interval on ECG, elevated or rising antistreptolysin-O or other antistreptococcal antibody; a positive throat culture; a rapid antigen test for group A strep, recent scarlet fever. Anthrax "Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The disease most commonly occurs in wild and domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels, antelope and other herbivores. Humans can also get anthrax when they are exposed to infected animals or tissue from these animals. Persons who may have been exposed to anthrax are not contagious, so quarantine is not appropriate Symptoms vary, depending on how the disease was contracted. Most (about 95 %) anthrax infections occur when the bacterium enters through skin lesions (cuts or abrasions) such as when handling contaminated wool, hides, leather or hair products (especially goat 2-7 days B. anthracis isolated from any clinical sample. Gram+ve Bacillus (thick rods with truncated ends, with possible endospore) detected by any test on any specimen type A person with either 1. Skin lesion evolving over 1-6 days from a papular through a vesicular to a depressed black eschar invariably accompanied by oedema that may be mild to extensive with fever, malaise and lymphadenopathy OR 2. Nausea, vomiting and anorexia followed by fever, vomiting of blood, bloody diarrhoeaOR 3. Rapid onset of hypoxia, shortness of breath and high temperature, with radiological evidence of mediastinal widening or pleural effusion OR 4. Acute onset of high fever, convulsions, loss of consciousness and meningeal signs and symptoms AND having A probable case is a suspected case with laboratory Gram+ve Bacillus culture (and possible presence of endospores). A confirmed case is a person with laboratory evidence of infection with Bacillus anthracis by (Culture isolation of Bacillus anthracis -like organisms or spores from any clinical specimen and PCR confirmation of cultured isolate).
Appendix_C_NMC_case_definitions.docx