Dawkins L study regular EC users nicotine concentration: one reporting of AE ▲ ◦SKYCIG ◦Experimental ◦14 ◦Plasma ◦Only ◦Low Yes, 1 [4] 18-mg/ml repeated measures - using at least one mean maximum of 13.91 ng/ml by of EC in regular users. Most ◦A 2013 nicotine design nicotine cartridge per the end of the ad lib puffing period. frequent: ◦Selected sessions day). or low level of the total mean AE regular users throat ◦Experimental ◦Smokers ◦Very after 12 hours of score: 13 (max. =200). who probably irritation and abstinence to explore the showed the highest tolerate EC dizziness ◦Aim: ◦Light-headedness 1) Ten effect of EC mean, followed by throat irritation, and have ◦Exposure: 2) 1 hour ad lib use on nicotine, tobacco dizziness, salvation, mouth irritation. positive withdrawal symptoms, 21 different negative symptoms experiences AE reported. were pre- ◦AE and urge to smoke symptoms, no spontaneous reporting study ◦Small Dawkins L [5] EC smokers time-based but not one suggest that ▲ ◦Tornado ◦Experimental ◦20 ◦Improved ◦Only ◦Findings Yes, 2 2013 was supplied Aim: measure based prospective memory brand of EC the EC can ◦Within-subjects ◦ by Totally design prospective memory: desire to smoke and tobacco naïve effectively deliver ◦Reduced ◦EC Wicked sessions Desire to The withdrawal symptoms participants nicotine to impact on ◦Experimental liquid 8-10 hours of Cambridge Prospective study cognitive ◦Small 18 mg abstinence, completed Memory Test, Mood and performance nicotine two experimental Physical Symptoms Scale 0 mg sessions under nicotine ◦Ref: nicotine, (18 mg) same EC and placebo (0 mg) EC brand conditions 10 min. ad ◦Exposure: lib use Dawkins L [6] study EC naive smokers nicotine containing EC improved one nicotine ▲ ◦The ◦Experimental ◦86 ◦The ◦Only ◦Improved Yes, 2 2012 Super’ EC experimental memory working memory performance brand of EC withdrawal impaired ◦Mixed ◦Aim: design Cancellation and compared with placebo at the longer gives ◦Randomly ◦Letter ◦Paper allocated to: of 1-2 Brown–Peterson interference intervals. the impression ◦Abstinence 18 mg hours. Working Memory Tasks, was no effect of nicotine on that EC ◦There nicotine 5 min. ad performed by 60 Letter Cancellation performance. improve ◦Exposure: EC lib use memory. In 0 mg reality, nicotine nicotine EC withdrawals just hold impair the EC concentration
Dawkins L [4] 2013 ▲ Yes, 1 ◦SKYCIG 18-mg/ml nicotine ◦Experimental study ◦A repeated measures design ◦Experimental sessions after 12 hours of abstinence ◦Exposure: 1) Ten 2) 1 hour ad lib use ◦14 regular EC users - using at least one nicotine cartridge per day). ◦Smokers or ◦Aim: to explore the effect of EC on nicotine, tobacco withdrawal symptoms, AE and urge to smoke ◦Plasma nicotine concentration: mean maximum of 13.91 ng/ml by the end of the ad lib puffing period. ◦Very low level of the total mean AE score: 13 (max. =200). ◦Light-headedness showed the highest mean, followed by throat irritation, dizziness, salvation, mouth irritation. 21 different negative symptoms reported. ◦Only one of EC ◦Selected regular users who probably tolerate EC and have positive experiences ◦AE were symptoms, no spontaneous reporting ◦Small study ◦Low reporting of AE in regular users. Most frequent: throat irritation and dizziness Dawkins L [5] 2013 ▲ Yes, 2 ◦Tornado EC was supplied by Totally Wicked liquid 18 mg nicotine ◦Ref: 0 mg nicotine, same EC brand ◦Experimental ◦Within-subjects design ◦Experimental sessions 8-10 hours of abstinence, completed two experimental sessions under nicotine (18 mg) and placebo (0 mg) EC conditions ◦Exposure: 10 min. ad lib use ◦20 smokers ◦ Aim: measure prospective memory: Desire to The Cambridge Prospective Memory Test, Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale ◦Improved time-based but not prospective memory ◦Reduced desire to smoke and tobacco withdrawal symptoms ◦Only one brand of EC ◦EC naïve participants ◦Small study ◦Findings suggest that the EC can effectively deliver nicotine to impact on cognitive performance Dawkins L [6] 2012 ▲ Yes, 2 ◦The Super’ EC ◦Randomly allocated to: 18 mg nicotine EC 0 mg nicotine EC just hold the EC ◦Experimental study ◦Mixed experimental design ◦Abstinence of 1-2 hours. ◦Exposure: 5 min. ad lib use ◦86 EC naive smokers ◦Aim: memory ◦Letter Cancellation and Brown–Peterson Working Memory Tasks, performed by 60 ◦The nicotine containing EC improved working memory performance compared with placebo at the longer interference intervals. ◦There was no effect of nicotine on Letter Cancellation performance. ◦Only one brand of EC ◦Paper gives the impression that EC improve memory. In reality, nicotine withdrawals impair concentration ◦Improved nicotine withdrawal impaired pre- based
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