provisory and have performances outside Helsinki. The theatre institutions are located mostly in bigger cities but the number of traveling theatre groups makes is possible that citizens in the countryside can go to see performing arts. Recently roughly 60 percent of the adult population (age between 15-79) in Finland have seen a movie at the cinema during the last year (Kotimaisen elokuvan yleisöt tutkimus 2010). Ten percent of the adult – population are heavy users: they go to the cinema one to three times a month. More than a fourth of young audience (age: 15-24) are heavy users. However, the results of that survey may be misleading since the interviews were made during January February 2010 and it is well known that the Christmas season is – the prime time. Another recent study (ISSP 2007) reveals that only 1.9 % of the population are heavy users and 17.9 % have not seen a movie at the cinema during the last year. The figure is comparable with the spectator number of performing arts (concert, theatrical performance, art exhibition) where the corresponding numbers are: 5.9 % are heavy users and 15.7 % have not been at all. A third recent survey (2006) claims that 3 % are heavy users and 45 % have not seen a movie at the cinema at all during the last year. This survey is based on interviews made during March June 2006. The figures in the European – Cultural Values study are somewhat different as seen in table 1. Hence, it seems that the timing of the interviews has a big impact on the results. (Table 1 about here) Studies related to the spectators of performing arts are rather common: female go more and the audience is composed of middle-aged with high educational and income levels (Baumol and Bowen 1966, Liikkanen 1996, Kracman 1996, Bihagen and Katz-Gerro 2000, Borgonovi 2004, Seaman 2005, Montgomery and Robinson 2006, Vander Stichele and Laermans 2006). Spectators of movies in cinemas are usually young students but there are no gender differences (Austin 1986 or F & L Research 1999). Recently Redondo and Holbrook (2010) show that the family-audience profile (i.e. middle-aged with children) and
provisory and have performances outside Helsinki. The theatre institutions are located mostly in bigger cities but the number of traveling theatre groups makes is possible that citizens in the countryside can go to see performing arts. Recently roughly 60 percent of the adult population (age between 15-79) in Finland have seen a movie at the cinema during the last year (Kotimaisen elokuvan yleisöt – tutkimus 2010). Ten percent of the adult population are heavy users: they go to the cinema one to three times a month. More than a fourth of young audience (age: 15-24) are heavy users. However, the results of that survey may be misleading since the interviews were made during January – February 2010 and it is well known that the Christmas season is the prime time. Another recent study (ISSP 2007) reveals that only 1.9 % of the population are heavy users and 17.9 % have not seen a movie at the cinema during the last year. The figure is comparable with the spectator number of performing arts (concert, theatrical performance, art exhibition) where the corresponding numbers are: 5.9 % are heavy users and 15.7 % have not been at all. A third recent survey (2006) claims that 3 % are heavy users and 45 % have not seen a movie at the cinema at all during the last year. This survey is based on interviews made during March – June 2006. The figures in the European Cultural Values study are somewhat different as seen in table 1. Hence, it seems that the timing of the interviews has a big impact on the results. (Table 1 about here) Studies related to the spectators of performing arts are rather common: female go more and the audience is composed of middle-aged with high educational and income levels (Baumol and Bowen 1966, Liikkanen 1996, Kracman 1996, Bihagen and Katz-Gerro 2000, Borgonovi 2004, Seaman 2005, Montgomery and Robinson 2006, Vander Stichele and Laermans 2006). Spectators of movies in cinemas are usually young students but there are no gender differences (Austin 1986 or F & L Research 1999). Recently Redondo and Holbrook (2010) show that the family-audience profile (i.e. middle-aged with children) and
Are%20the%20spectators%20of%20performing%20arts%20and%20the%20spectators%20of%20the%20movies%20the%20same.docx