health among (n = 503) persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) using objective measures of the local community derived from GIS data Brown 2016, To examine the Medicare Number of chronic U.S. Centres for Mean Normalised Difference Not specified Increase in mean NDVI: USA association cohort beneficiaries, conditions (out of Medicare and Vegetation Index (NDVI) for Total no. of chronic conditions between study 76.33 (±7.5) years, 27) Medicaid Services all Miami-Dade County ↓ (Brown et al. objective 58.33% female (CMS)’ Master Census blocks Diabetes 2016) ↓ measures of Beneficiary Summary (n = 249,405) block-level File Hypertension ↓ greenness (vegetative Hyperlipidaemia ↓ presence) and chronic medical conditions, including cardiometabolic conditions Burkart To investigate Ecological Inhabitants of civil Heat-related excess National mortality Amount and spatial Models adjusted for time With increasing NDVI quartiles: 2016, the influence of study parishes in the mortality in the records distribution of urban green trend, average daily mean Heat-related excess mortality in the elderly Portugal urban vegetation Lisbon elderly quantified using Normalised PM10 and O3 ↓ and water Metropolitan Difference Vegetation Index concentrations, percentage (Burkart et bodies on Area from 1998 to (NDVI) of the parish >65 years, al. 2016) related excess 2008 building density, % college mortality in the graduates and proportion of (n = not specified) elderly >65 years inhabitants receiving social old in Lisbon benefits Calogiuri To investigate RCT Municipality Potential for Primary measurement Green/nature area vs indoor Not specified Cortisol awakening response (improved) 2016, the impact of a employees, 49 restoration, exercise setting Diastolic BP Norway green exercise (±8) years, 50% affective state, ↓ intervention on female blood pressure, BP (Calogiuri et ↔ psychological cortisol awakening al. 2016) (n = 14) and Serum cortisol ↔ physiological
health among persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) using objective measures of the local community derived from GIS data (n = 503) Brown 2016, USA (Brown et al. 2016) To examine the association between objective measures of block-level greenness (vegetative presence) and chronic medical conditions, including cardiometabolic conditions cohort study Medicare beneficiaries, 76.33 (±7.5) years, 58.33% female (n = 249,405) Number of chronic conditions (out of 27) U.S. Centres for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)’ Master Beneficiary Summary File Mean Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for all Miami-Dade County Census blocks Not specified Increase in mean NDVI: Total no. of chronic conditions ↓ Diabetes ↓ Hypertension ↓ Hyperlipidaemia ↓ Burkart 2016, Portugal (Burkart et al. 2016) To investigate the influence of urban vegetation and water bodies on excess mortality in the elderly >65 years old in Lisbon Ecological study Inhabitants of civil parishes in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area from 1998 to 2008 (n = not specified) Heat-related excess mortality in the elderly National mortality records Amount and spatial distribution of urban green quantified using Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Models adjusted for time trend, average daily mean PM10 and O3 concentrations, percentage of the parish >65 years, building density, % college graduates and proportion of inhabitants receiving social benefits With increasing NDVI quartiles: Heat-related excess mortality in the elderly ↓ Calogiuri 2016, Norway (Calogiuri et al. 2016) To investigate the impact of a green exercise intervention on psychological and physiological RCT Municipality employees, 49 (±8) years, 50% female (n = 14) Potential for restoration, affective state, blood pressure, cortisol awakening Primary measurement Green/nature area vs indoor exercise setting Not specified Cortisol awakening response (improved) Diastolic BP ↓ BP ↔ Serum cortisol ↔ related
1-s2.0-S0013935118303323-mmc1.docx