4.1.1.3 The molecules of a gas Describe the motion of 1 How does the temperature of a To investigate the Video clip are in constant random molecules within a gas. gas affect the movement of the motion of gas molecules motion. The temperature particles within it? you can conduct a Describe and explain how of the gas is related to Brownian motion the motion of molecules in Why are gas cylinders likely to the average kinetic experiment using smoke a gas changes as the gas explode in a fire? energy of the molecules. cells viewed under a is heated. The higher the microscope. To carry Explain why molecules in a temperature, the greater out the experiment use gas that are moving faster the average kinetic Institute of Physics’ have a higher temperature. energy and so the faster Episode 601-1: the average speed of the molecules. 4.1.1.3 When the molecules Describe why gases exert a 0.5 Explain in terms of gas Research how the gas cont. collide with the wall of force on a container. pressure how blowing up a pressure in a submarine their container they balloon too much can cause it stops it from crushing at Explain what is meant by exert a force on the wall. to pop. depth. gas pressure in terms of the The total force exerted forces exerted by the gas Use PhET interactive by all of the molecules molecules on a given area. simulations to model inside the container on a gas pressure: unit area of the walls is the gas pressure. 4.1.1.3 Changing the Describe and explain how 1 Pupils develop and evaluate What does a barometer cont. temperature of a gas, changing the temperature analogies that use people to measure and how does Video clip: held at constant volume, of gas increases the gas represent particles in a gas, eg it work? YouTube: changes the pressure pressure inside the 'Beatlemania'; home crowd at Have two sealed exerted by the gas container. Wembley; the effects of syringes: one filled with methods of crowd control. the other with air.
4.1.1.3 The molecules of a gas are in constant random motion. The temperature of the gas is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules. The higher the temperature, the greater the average kinetic energy and so the faster the average speed of the molecules. Describe the motion of molecules within a gas. Describe and explain how the motion of molecules in a gas changes as the gas is heated. Explain why molecules in a gas that are moving faster have a higher temperature. 1 How does the temperature of a gas affect the movement of the particles within it? Why are gas cylinders likely to explode in a fire? To investigate the motion of gas molecules you can conduct a Brownian motion experiment using smoke cells viewed under a microscope. To carry out the experiment use Institute of Physics’ Episode 601-1: Video clip 4.1.1.3 cont. When the molecules collide with the wall of their container they exert a force on the wall. The total force exerted by all of the molecules inside the container on a unit area of the walls is the gas pressure. Describe why gases exert a force on a container. Explain what is meant by gas pressure in terms of the forces exerted by the gas molecules on a given area. 0.5 Explain in terms of gas pressure how blowing up a balloon too much can cause it to pop. Research how the gas pressure in a submarine stops it from crushing at depth. Use PhET interactive simulations to model gas pressure: 4.1.1.3 cont. Changing the temperature of a gas, held at constant volume, changes the pressure exerted by the gas Describe and explain how changing the temperature of gas increases the gas pressure inside the container. 1 Pupils develop and evaluate analogies that use people to represent particles in a gas, eg 'Beatlemania'; home crowd at Wembley; the effects of methods of crowd control. What does a barometer measure and how does it work? Have two sealed syringes: one filled with the other with air. Video clip: YouTube:
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