to that of the control group. Plasma Frye et al. [85] ASD 18 Plasma markers of ASD groups Transl Controls 18 oxidative stress and demonstrated Psychiatry measures of cognitive and lower fGSH and ASD mean 8.5 y language development and fGSH/GSSG Controls mean 8.8 y ASD behavior Plasma Geier et al. [86] ASD 28 Examined plasma Decreased plasma J Neurol Sci transsulfuration levels of reduced 2-16 y metabolites glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and sulfate were observed among study participants relative to controls Plasma James et al. ASD 40 Plasma concentrations of [87] Controls 42 Am J Clin Nutr metabolites and pathway 2-7 y glutathione status in concentrations in autistic children autistic children were significantly different from values in the control; and decreased glutathione redox status in autism vs. controls Plasma et al. [88] ASD 80 Plasma concentrations of Plasma levels of Controls 73 cysteine, metabolites and glutathione, and 3-14 y glutathione redox status in the ratio of autistic children reduced to oxidized glutathione, an
to that of the control group. Plasma Frye et al. [85] Transl Psychiatry ASD 18 Controls 18 ASD mean 8.5 y Controls mean 8.8 y Plasma markers of oxidative stress and measures of cognitive and language development and ASD behavior ASD groups demonstrated lower fGSH and fGSH/GSSG Plasma Geier et al. [86] J Neurol Sci ASD 28 2-16 y Examined plasma transsulfuration metabolites Decreased plasma levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and sulfate were observed among study participants relative to controls Plasma James et al. [87] Am J Clin Nutr ASD 40 Controls 42 2-7 y Plasma concentrations of metabolites and glutathione status in autistic children pathway concentrations in autistic children were significantly different from values in the control; and decreased glutathione redox status in autism vs. controls Plasma et al. [88] ASD 80 Controls 73 3-14 y Plasma concentrations of metabolites and glutathione redox status in autistic children Plasma levels of cysteine, glutathione, and the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione, an
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