Whisky Ring Scandal James Garfield Benjamin Harrison Indian Ring (Belknap) Scandal Charles Guiteau Populist Party Horace Greely Civil service system Election of 1896 Panic of 1873 Pendleton Act, 1883 William Jennings money” service exams William McKinley “Hard Merit system Political machines “Greenbacks” Election of 1876 Chester A. Arthur Boss Tweed Rutherford Hayes James G. Blaine Tammany Hall Compromise of 1877 George Washington Plunkitt “Mugwumps” South” Grover Cleveland graft” “Solid “Honest Disfranchisement of African Tariff levels Thomas Nast’s political cartoons Americans Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890 New South or Nadir? The South struggled to modernize, facing the dual challenges of industrialization and stagnant race relations. Despite the industrialization of some segments of the southern economy, a change promoted by southern leaders who called for a agrarian sharecropping, and tenant farming systems continued to “New dominate the region. Although citizenship, equal protection of the laws, and voting rights were granted to African Americans in the 14th and 15th Amendments, these rights were progressively stripped away through segregation, violence, Supreme Court decisions, and local political tactics. The Civil War Amendments established judicial principles that were stalled for many decades but eventually became the basis for court decisions upholding civil rights. Increasingly prominent racist and nativist theories, along with Supreme Court decisions such as Plessy v. Ferguson, were used to justify violence, as well as local and national policies of discrimination and segregation. Discrimination against and segregation of African Americans intensified and took new forms in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. African Americans disagreed about how to respond to these developments. Challenging their prescribed African American activists articulated alternative visions of political, “place,” social, and economic equality. Henry Woodfin Grady Literacy test Convict labor Good Roads Movement Sharecropping George Washington Carver Public education Tenant farming Peanuts Birmingham steel industry Debt peonage Booker T. Washington Southern textile industry Colored Farmers Alliance Compromise” Speech “Atlanta Piedmont vs. Tidewater Crow” down your bucket where “Jim “Cast Company towns Racial segregation you are” Cheap labor Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 Tuskegee Institute 13th, 14th & 15th Amendments protection under the law” Vocational education “Equal Ellison Alger Smyth but equal” Economic self-sufficiency “Separate Red Shirts Minstrel shows Gradualism Lynchings D.W. Griffith Accommodation Poll tax The Birth of a Nation W.E.B. DuBois Grandfather clause Ku Klux Klan Niagara Movement “Second”
Whisky Ring Scandal Indian Ring (Belknap) Scandal Horace Greely Panic of 1873 “Hard money” “Greenbacks” Election of 1876 Rutherford Hayes Compromise of 1877 “Solid South” Disfranchisement of African Americans James Garfield Charles Guiteau Civil service system Pendleton Act, 1883 service exams Merit system Chester A. Arthur James G. Blaine “Mugwumps” Grover Cleveland Tariff levels Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890 Benjamin Harrison Populist Party Election of 1896 William Jennings William McKinley Political machines Boss Tweed Tammany Hall George Washington Plunkitt “Honest graft” Thomas Nast’s political cartoons New South or Nadir? The South struggled to modernize, facing the dual challenges of industrialization and stagnant race relations. Despite the industrialization of some segments of the southern economy, a change promoted by southern leaders who called for a “New agrarian sharecropping, and tenant farming systems continued to dominate the region. Although citizenship, equal protection of the laws, and voting rights were granted to African Americans in the 14th and 15th Amendments, these rights were progressively stripped away through segregation, violence, Supreme Court decisions, and local political tactics. The Civil War Amendments established judicial principles that were stalled for many decades but eventually became the basis for court decisions upholding civil rights. Increasingly prominent racist and nativist theories, along with Supreme Court decisions such as Plessy v. Ferguson, were used to justify violence, as well as local and national policies of discrimination and segregation. Discrimination against and segregation of African Americans intensified and took new forms in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. African Americans disagreed about how to respond to these developments. Challenging their prescribed “place,” African American activists articulated alternative visions of political, social, and economic equality. Henry Woodfin Grady Good Roads Movement Public education Birmingham steel industry Southern textile industry Piedmont vs. Tidewater Company towns Cheap labor 13th, 14th & 15th Amendments Ellison Alger Smyth Red Shirts Lynchings Poll tax Grandfather clause Literacy test Sharecropping Tenant farming Debt peonage Colored Farmers Alliance “Jim Crow” Racial segregation Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 “Equal protection under the law” “Separate but equal” Minstrel shows D.W. Griffith The Birth of a Nation “Second” Ku Klux Klan Convict labor George Washington Carver Peanuts Booker T. Washington “Atlanta Compromise” Speech “Cast down your bucket where you are” Tuskegee Institute Vocational education Economic self-sufficiency Gradualism Accommodation W.E.B. DuBois Niagara Movement
apush_unit_7_study_guide.docx