Figure 17.7: Blood group determination Why the Test is performed This test is done to determine a person's blood type. Health care providers need to know your blood type when you get a blood transfusion or transplant, because not all blood types are compatible with each other. For example: Blood typing is especially important during pregnancy. If the mother is found to be Rh-, the father should also be tested. If the father has Rh+ blood, the mother needs to receive a treatment to help prevent the development of substances that may harm the unborn baby. See about the haemolytic disease of the newborn above. Blood Types and the Population O positive is the most common blood type. Not all ethnic groups have the same mix of these blood types. Hispanic people, for example, have a relatively high number of O’s, while Asian people have a relatively high number of B’s. The mix of the different blood types in the U.S. population is: Caucasians African Hispanic American O + 37% 47% 53% 39% O - 8% 4% 4% 1% A + 33% 24% 29% 27% A - 7% 2% 2% 0.5% B + 9% 18% 9% 25% B - 2% 1% 1% 0.4% AB + 3% 4% 2% 7% AB - 1% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% Table 17.10:Blood Types and the Population LINKAGE Genes situated on the same chromosome are said All genes on single chromosome to be linked. form a and usually pass into the same gamete and are inherited together. As a linkage group result of this, genes belonging to the same linkage group usually do not show independent assortment. In Drosophila, the genes for body colour and wing length have the following allelomorphs (phenotypic characteristics determined by different alleles): Grey and black body, and long and vestigial (short) wings. Grey body and long wings are dominant. If pure breeding grey body and long winged drosophila are crossed with black bodied vestigial winged Drosophila, the expected F2 phenotypic ratio would be
Figure 17.7: Blood group determination Why the Test is performed This test is done to determine a person's blood type. Health care providers need to know your blood type when you get a blood transfusion or transplant, because not all blood types are compatible with each other. For example: Blood typing is especially important during pregnancy. If the mother is found to be Rh-, the father should also be tested. If the father has Rh+ blood, the mother needs to receive a treatment to help prevent the development of substances that may harm the unborn baby. See about the haemolytic disease of the newborn above. Blood Types and the Population O positive is the most common blood type. Not all ethnic groups have the same mix of these blood types. Hispanic people, for example, have a relatively high number of O’s, while Asian people have a relatively high number of B’s. The mix of the different blood types in the U.S. population is: Caucasians African American Hispanic O + 37% 47% 53% 39% O - 8% 4% 4% 1% A + 33% 24% 29% 27% A - 7% 2% 2% 0.5% B + 9% 18% 9% 25% B - 2% 1% 1% 0.4% AB + 3% 4% 2% 7% AB - 1% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% Table 17.10:Blood Types and the Population LINKAGE Genes situated on the same chromosome are said to be linked. All genes on single chromosome form a linkage group and usually pass into the same gamete and are inherited together. As a result of this, genes belonging to the same linkage group usually do not show independent assortment. In Drosophila, the genes for body colour and wing length have the following allelomorphs (phenotypic characteristics determined by different alleles): Grey and black body, and long and vestigial (short) wings. Grey body and long wings are dominant. If pure breeding grey body and long winged drosophila are crossed with black bodied vestigial winged Drosophila, the expected F2 phenotypic ratio would be
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