de Jong To assess how Questionnaire Three self-reported Public health survey Bespoke objective Analyses were adjusted for Self-reported health ↑ 2012, perceived green sent to 52,142 indicators of data measurement of greenspace possible confounding by sex, Sweden neighbourhood study participants quality age, highest level of qualities were randomly selected neighbourhood education, (de Jong et Availability of qualities associated with from the satisfaction, physical difficulties, country of origin al. 2012) within 300m of residential three population activity and general and type of residence. address, CORINE land use registry. 55% health Stratified analysis on data indicators of female neighbourhood satisfaction well-being for type of residence (n = 24,847) (neighbourhood satisfaction, physical activity and general health) Demoury To assess Men younger Newly diagnosed The Prostate Cancer & Residential greenspace at 2 1: adjusted for age Prostate cancer ↓ 2016, whether living in than 76 years in with primary PCa Environment Study time points, Landsat TM5 Model 2: adjusted for age, 300m buffer, an IQR increase of 0.11 in Canada the proximity of control the Montreal area (PROtEuS) Normalised Difference ancestry, first-degree family recruitment OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.74, 0.92) greener areas study Vegetation (NDVI) (Demoury et (n = 1933 cases, history of PCa, education, was to 10 years previous: OR 0.86 (95% CI 0.74, 1.00) al. 2017) 1994 controls) family income, prostate cancer marital status, smoking, risk Remained significant for all buffer sizes at alcohol consumption, dietary recruitment time point habits and a history of diabetes Model 3: Further adjusted for neighbourhood material and social deprivation de Vries To investigate Multilevel Health interview Number of The Dutch National Percentage green and blue The scores on all variables at Self-reported health ↑ 2003, The the association analysis survey among symptoms Survey of Morbidity space in living environment; the (semi-)interval level had Netherlands between random samples experienced in the and Interventions in National Land Cover been centred (but not neighbourhood of practice last 14 days, General Practice Classification, presence of a standardised) (De Vries et greenspace and populations of perceived general garden (yes/no) al. 2003) self-reported 103 general health, Dutch health practices in the general health Netherlands questionnaire (GHQ) (n = 10,179)
de Jong 2012, Sweden (de Jong et al. 2012) To assess how perceived green neighbourhood qualities were associated with three indicators of well-being (neighbourhood satisfaction, physical activity and general health) study Questionnaire sent to 52,142 participants randomly selected from the population registry. 55% female (n = 24,847) Three self-reported indicators of neighbourhood satisfaction, physical activity and general health Public health survey data Bespoke objective measurement of greenspace quality Availability of qualities within 300m of residential address, CORINE land use data Analyses were adjusted for possible confounding by sex, age, highest level of education, difficulties, country of origin and type of residence. Stratified analysis on neighbourhood satisfaction for type of residence Self-reported health ↑ Demoury 2016, Canada (Demoury et al. 2017) To assess whether living in the proximity of greener areas was to prostate cancer risk study Men younger than 76 years in the Montreal area (n = 1933 cases, 1994 controls) Newly diagnosed with primary PCa The Prostate Cancer & Environment Study (PROtEuS) Residential greenspace at 2 time points, Landsat TM5 Normalised Difference Vegetation (NDVI) 1: adjusted for age Model 2: adjusted for age, ancestry, first-degree family history of PCa, education, family income, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habits and a history of diabetes Model 3: Further adjusted for neighbourhood material and social deprivation Prostate cancer ↓ 300m buffer, an IQR increase of 0.11 in recruitment OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.74, 0.92) 10 years previous: OR 0.86 (95% CI 0.74, 1.00) Remained significant for all buffer sizes at recruitment time point de Vries 2003, The Netherlands (De Vries et al. 2003) To investigate the association between neighbourhood greenspace and self-reported health Multilevel analysis Health interview survey among random samples of practice populations of 103 general practices in the Netherlands (n = 10,179) Number of symptoms experienced in the last 14 days, perceived general health, Dutch general health questionnaire (GHQ) The Dutch National Survey of Morbidity and Interventions in General Practice Percentage green and blue space in living environment; National Land Cover Classification, presence of a garden (yes/no) The scores on all variables at the (semi-)interval level had been centred (but not standardised) Self-reported health ↑ control
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