Function: Contain soft, undigested feed, but function is unknown. Description: Unlike other animals, poultry have two ceca. Located between small and large intestine and are pouches, each are approximately 7 “blind” inches in length. Large Intestine Function: Absorbs and adds mucus to undigested feed, which becomes feces. Description: Tube-like structure large in diameter when compared to small intestine. Filled with digested feed. Cloaca Function: Digestive and reproductive tracts combine and prepare for excretion of waste or eggs. Description: Enlarged part of digestive tract located just before the vent. Vent Function: Excrete solid (feces) and liquid (urine) waste. Description: External opening and the end of the digestive tract. Reproductive Management Terminology and Traits Castration- removing the testicles of male animals to prevent breeding. Colostrum- the first milk produced after a mammal gives birth that contains antibodies needed for immunity. Estrus- the time a female animal is receptive to be bred, also called heat. Estrus Cycle- the length of a female’s cycle from one estrus to the next. Gestation- the time an animal is pregnant. Puberty- age at which animals reach sexual maturity and begin come into heat. Lactation- the period of time that milk is secreted by the mammary glands. Parturition- the act of giving by female mammals. Ovulation- the release of the egg cell from the Fertilization- the union of the sperm and the egg cells. Parts & Functions of the Female Livestock Reproductive System Ovaries Function: Produce ova called eggs. Description: Two oval shaped organs located near the end of the reproductive inside the body cavity. Oviducts Function: Carry the eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. Also called fallopian tubes. Description: Small tubes that are near but not attached to ovaries and have a funnel-shaped end near the ovary. Infundibulum Function: Picks up eggs at ovulation and directs eggs into the oviduct.
Function: Contain soft, undigested feed, but function is unknown. Description: Unlike other animals, poultry have two ceca. Located between small and large intestine and are “blind” pouches, each are approximately 7 inches in length. Large Intestine Function: Absorbs and adds mucus to undigested feed, which becomes feces. Description: Tube-like structure large in diameter when compared to small intestine. Filled with digested feed. Cloaca Function: Digestive and reproductive tracts combine and prepare for excretion of waste or eggs. Description: Enlarged part of digestive tract located just before the vent. Vent Function: Excrete solid (feces) and liquid (urine) waste. Description: External opening and the end of the digestive tract. Reproductive Management Terminology and Traits Castration- removing the testicles of male animals to prevent breeding. Colostrum- the first milk produced after a mammal gives birth that contains antibodies needed for immunity. Estrus- the time a female animal is receptive to be bred, also called heat. Estrus Cycle- the length of a female’s cycle from one estrus to the next. Gestation- the time an animal is pregnant. Puberty- age at which animals reach sexual maturity and begin come into heat. Lactation- the period of time that milk is secreted by the mammary glands. Parturition- the act of giving by female mammals. Ovulation- the release of the egg cell from the Fertilization- the union of the sperm and the egg cells. Parts & Functions of the Female Livestock Reproductive System Ovaries Function: Produce ova called eggs. Description: Two oval shaped organs located near the end of the reproductive inside the body cavity. Oviducts Function: Carry the eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. Also called fallopian tubes. Description: Small tubes that are near but not attached to ovaries and have a funnel-shaped end near the ovary. Infundibulum Function: Picks up eggs at ovulation and directs eggs into the oviduct.
anatomy_notes_from_course_guide.docx