Table A4. Emission factors of air pollutants from industrial and utility boilers. Combustion Fuel VOC NOX PM2.5 SO2 device Industrial Oil a 0.006 0.13 0.02 0.094 boiler Coal a 0.002 0.24 0.04 0.38 (g kJ -1) Gas a 0.005 0.054 0.004 0.013 Residual 0.02 b 3.5 c 0.42 c 3.7 c oil Utility boiler Coal a 0.010 2.5 0.04 1.8 (g kWh-1) Gas a 0.002 0.2 0.001 0.003 Refused 0.13 b 0.9 b 0.61 b 0.6 b Note: a Data from Ke et al. [33]. Gas-fired utility boiler applies the (nature gas combine cycle) NGCC technology. b Data from default values in the GREET model. c Data from the CEM annual report [32]. d Refuse incineration is used in Macao local power plants.
Table A4. Emission factors of air pollutants from industrial and utility boilers. Combustion device Fuel VOC NOX PM2.5 SO2 Industrial boiler (g kJ -1) Oil a 0.006 0.13 0.02 0.094 Coal a 0.002 0.24 0.04 0.38 Gas a 0.005 0.054 0.004 0.013 Utility boiler (g kWh-1) Residual oil 0.02 b 3.5 c 0.42 c 3.7 c Coal a 0.010 2.5 0.04 1.8 Gas a 0.002 0.2 0.001 0.003 Refused 0.13 b 0.9 b 0.61 b 0.6 b Note: a Data from Ke et al. [33]. Gas-fired utility boiler applies the (nature gas combine cycle) NGCC technology. b Data from default values in the GREET model. c Data from the CEM annual report [32]. d Refuse incineration is used in Macao local power plants.
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