American Government Final Exam Review Sheet Define and explain the significance of the following terms Unitary Government decisions are made by the Central Government Confederal The power of government is with the states Federal Power is shared by the central and state (local) governments Oligarchy Power is in the hands of a few elite people who rule in their own best interests Democracy Everyone votes and makes decisions Autocracy One person holds all the power (dictatorship) Presidential The Executive Branch is independent from the Legislative Branch. Government Parliamentary The majority party of the legislative branch elects the prime Government minister John Locke What is he famous for influencing? Declaration of Independence Social Contract: Men give government it’s power, government must rule the people fairly and protect their rights, if they don’t the people can overthrow the government His philosophy: Men are born with natural rights among these are life, liberty, and property Thomas Hobbes What is he famous for influencing? Necessity of government Social Contract: NO He Leviathan – His philosophy: Men need to have a government to keep the peace and protect the people. Baron de Montesquieu What is he famous for influencing? U.S. Constitution Social Contract: No, he is known for his philosophy His philosophy: There should be three branches of government each with a different power. A system of checks and balances should be used to keep any one branch from becoming too powerful. Constitution Article I Legislative Branch Constitution Article II Executive Branch Constitution Article III Judicial Branch Constitution Article IV Relationship between states Constitution Article V How to amend the Constitution
American Government Final Exam Review Sheet Define and explain the significance of the following terms Unitary Government decisions are made by the Central Government Confederal The power of government is with the states Federal Power is shared by the central and state (local) governments Oligarchy Power is in the hands of a few elite people who rule in their own best interests Democracy Everyone votes and makes decisions Autocracy One person holds all the power (dictatorship) Presidential Government The Executive Branch is independent from the Legislative Branch. Parliamentary Government The majority party of the legislative branch elects the prime minister John Locke What is he famous for influencing? Declaration of Independence Social Contract: Men give government it’s power, government must rule the people fairly and protect their rights, if they don’t the people can overthrow the government His philosophy: Men are born with natural rights among these are life, liberty, and property Thomas Hobbes What is he famous for influencing? Necessity of government Social Contract: NO – He Leviathan His philosophy: Men need to have a government to keep the peace and protect the people. Baron de Montesquieu What is he famous for influencing? U.S. Constitution Social Contract: No, he is known for his philosophy His philosophy: There should be three branches of government each with a different power. A system of checks and balances should be used to keep any one branch from becoming too powerful. Constitution Article I Legislative Branch Constitution Article II Executive Branch Constitution Article III Judicial Branch Constitution Article IV Relationship between states Constitution Article V How to amend the Constitution
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