expression of genetic trait. Examples genetic traits. include the following: lung/mouth cancer – tobacco use skin cancer vitamin D, – folic acid and sun exposure diabetes diet/exercise and – genetic interaction PKU diet – disease – diet/exercise and genetic interaction SC.2.3 Evolution and Genetics: Understand the application of DNA technology. What Learner Should Know, Objectives Teaching Notes and Resources Understand, and Be Able to Do SC.2.3.1 Interpret Summarize the process of Gel Electrophoresis Animation: how DNA is used gel electrophoresis as a for comparison technique to separate and identification molecules based on size. DNA technologies allow scientists to identify, study, and modify of organisms. Students should learn the genes. Forensic identification is an example of the application of general steps of gel DNA technology. electrophoresis using – restrictions enzymes to cut DNA into different sized fragments and running those fragments on gels with longer fragments moving slower than faster ones. Interpret or a gel. “read” Exemplify applications of DNA fingerprinting - identifying individuals; identifying and cataloging endangered species. Genetic engineering techniques are used in a variety of industries, in SC.2.3.2 Generalize the applications agriculture, in research, and in medicine. There is great benefit in Summarize how of transgenic organisms terms of useful products derived through genetic engineering (e.g., human transgenic (plants, animals, & bacteria) growth hormone, insulin, and pest- and disease-resistant fruits and organisms are in agriculture and industry vegetables). engineered to including pharmaceutical benefit society. applications such as the production of human DNA Transformation Animation insulin. Summarize the steps in bacterial transformation (insertion of a gene into a bacterial plasmid, getting bacteria to take in the plasmid, selecting the transformed bacteria, and producing the product). SC.2.3.3 Evaluate Identify the reasons for The Human Genome Project is a collaborative effort to map the entire gene sequence of organisms. This information may be useful in detection, some of the establishing the Human prevention, and treatment of many genetic diseases. The potential for ethical issues Genome Project. identifying and altering genomes raises practical and ethical questions. surrounding the Recognize that the project use of DNA Genetic predisposition towards diseases impacts health. Awareness of is useful in determining genetic predisposition allows individuals to make lifestyle changes that can technology whether individuals may enhance quality of life. (including cloning, carry genes for genetic
expression of genetic traits. genetic trait. Examples include the following: lung/mouth cancer – tobacco use skin cancer – vitamin D, folic acid and sun exposure diabetes – diet/exercise and genetic interaction PKU – diet disease – diet/exercise and genetic interaction SC.2.3 Evolution and Genetics: Understand the application of DNA technology. Objectives What Learner Should Know, Understand, and Be Able to Do Teaching Notes and Resources SC.2.3.1 Interpret how DNA is used for comparison and identification of organisms. Summarize the process of gel electrophoresis as a technique to separate molecules based on size. Students should learn the general steps of gel electrophoresis – using restrictions enzymes to cut DNA into different sized fragments and running those fragments on gels with longer fragments moving slower than faster ones. Interpret or “read” a gel. Exemplify applications of DNA fingerprinting - identifying individuals; identifying and cataloging endangered species. Gel Electrophoresis Animation: DNA technologies allow scientists to identify, study, and modify genes. Forensic identification is an example of the application of DNA technology. SC.2.3.2 Summarize how transgenic organisms are engineered to benefit society. Generalize the applications of transgenic organisms (plants, animals, & bacteria) in agriculture and industry including pharmaceutical applications such as the production of human insulin. Summarize the steps in bacterial transformation (insertion of a gene into a bacterial plasmid, getting bacteria to take in the plasmid, selecting the transformed bacteria, and producing the product). Genetic engineering techniques are used in a variety of industries, in agriculture, in research, and in medicine. There is great benefit in terms of useful products derived through genetic engineering (e.g., human growth hormone, insulin, and pest- and disease-resistant fruits and vegetables). DNA Transformation Animation SC.2.3.3 Evaluate some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of DNA technology (including cloning, Identify the reasons for establishing the Human Genome Project. Recognize that the project is useful in determining whether individuals may carry genes for genetic The Human Genome Project is a collaborative effort to map the entire gene sequence of organisms. This information may be useful in detection, prevention, and treatment of many genetic diseases. The potential for identifying and altering genomes raises practical and ethical questions. Genetic predisposition towards diseases impacts health. Awareness of genetic predisposition allows individuals to make lifestyle changes that can enhance quality of life.
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