ADAM SMITH AND LAISSEZ-FAIRE ECONOMICS: Sets the foundation for economic liberalism THE LATER ENLIGHTENMENT: Baron D’Holbach - 1. German enlightenment thinker 2. Author of System of Nature 1770 3. Strict atheism and materialism - men are machines/God is a product of our mind and is unnecessary/ Man’s actions are completeley determined by outside forces (This theory was known as Determinism NOT DEISM) Because of His staunch atheism, determinism and attacks on Christianity undermined the Enlightenment/ Some saw it as too radical Condorcet - Progress of the Human Mind a. His theories of Progress were Utopian in Nature b. Identified 9 stages of human progress that had already occurred and predicted the 10th stage would bring perfection. His preaching in the possibility of human perfectibility helped undermine the legitimacy of Enlightened Ideas Deism = most philosophes didn’t adopt atheism/they were deists = God made world then left us in charge/ The Clock Maker Theory ROUSSEAU AND THE SOCIAL CONTRACT: Jean-Jacques Rousseau - 1. Born in Geneva - kicked out then wandered around a lot Unlike Voltaire, Rosseau did not come from the upper classes. He was neglected as a child, a runaway at 16, and was largely self-taught. Unlike Voltaire, Rosseau did not come from the upper classes. He was neglected as a child, a runaway at 16, and was largely self-taught. 2. Always felt separate from and apart from society and people 3. Settles in Paris and hooks up with the philosophes He criticized the salons… 4. Rousseau comes to be the anti reason/logic based Enlightenment thinker DOES PROGRESS IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES CORRESPOND WITH PROGRESS IN MORALITY? -Rousseau said NO! As civilizations progress, they move away from morality (Do you agree or disagree -Civilization itself leads away from true fundamentals Technology and art create false desires. 5. Writes on political philosophy - Discourse on the Origins of Inequality The Social Contract 1762 6. Writes on social and educational ideas - Emile 1762 The Nouvelle Eloise Discourse on the Origins of Inequality -
ADAM SMITH AND LAISSEZ-FAIRE ECONOMICS: Sets the foundation for economic liberalism THE LATER ENLIGHTENMENT: Baron D’Holbach - 1. German enlightenment thinker 2. Author of System of Nature 1770 3. Strict atheism and materialism - men are machines/God is a product of our mind and is unnecessary/ Man’s actions are completeley determined by outside forces (This theory was known as Determinism NOT DEISM) Because of His staunch atheism, determinism and attacks on Christianity undermined the Enlightenment/ Some saw it as too radical Condorcet - Progress of the Human Mind a. His theories of Progress were Utopian in Nature b. Identified 9 stages of human progress that had already occurred and predicted the 10th stage would bring perfection. His preaching in the possibility of human perfectibility helped undermine the legitimacy of Enlightened Ideas Deism = most philosophes didn’t adopt atheism/they were deists = God made world then left us in charge/ The Clock Maker Theory ROUSSEAU AND THE SOCIAL CONTRACT: Jean-Jacques Rousseau - 1. Born in Geneva - kicked out then wandered around a lot Unlike Voltaire, Rosseau did not come from the upper classes. He was neglected as a child, a runaway at 16, and was largely self-taught. Unlike Voltaire, Rosseau did not come from the upper classes. He was neglected as a child, a runaway at 16, and was largely self-taught. 2. Always felt separate from and apart from society and people 3. Settles in Paris and hooks up with the philosophes He criticized the salons… 4. Rousseau comes to be the anti reason/logic based Enlightenment thinker DOES PROGRESS IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES CORRESPOND WITH PROGRESS IN MORALITY? -Rousseau said NO! As civilizations progress, they move away from morality (Do you agree or disagree -Civilization itself leads away from true fundamentals Technology and art create false desires. 5. Writes on political philosophy - Discourse on the Origins of Inequality The Social Contract 1762 6. Writes on social and educational ideas - Emile 1762 The Nouvelle Eloise Discourse on the Origins of Inequality -
ap_euro_lecture_notes_part_2.docx