Soden et al. ASD 15 24-hour provoked Excess chelatable [62] Controls 4 urine excretion test body burden of As, Clin Toxicol for heavy metals in Cd, Pb, or mercury 3-7 y children with is zero autism Urine Woods et al. ASD 64 Mean mercury No differences [63] PDD 19 levels were were found Environ Health Controls 114 evaluated between between and Perspect autism, PDD, and autism in urinary 2-12 y NT mercury levels or in past mercury exposure DD=developmental delay; NT= neurotypical; PDD= pervasive developmental disorder; As= arsenic; Cd= cadmium; Pb=lead; y= years of age Table 6. Body Tissue Studies that did Find Significantly Different Mercury Levels in ASD vs. Children with Neurological Disorders, not Neuropsychiatric Disorders, or Learning Disabilities. Type of Authors and N Purpose of Study Findings Study Journal Age Blood Macedoni-Lukšič ASD 52 Levels of metals in No significant et al. [64] neurologic aluminum, lead, difference in blood Biol Trace Elem disorders 22 mercury in ASD levels of metals Res compared to children between the groups 1-16 y with neurological was found disorders
Soden et al. [62] Clin Toxicol ASD 15 Controls 4 3-7 y 24-hour provoked urine excretion test for heavy metals in children with autism Excess chelatable body burden of As, Cd, Pb, or mercury is zero Urine Woods et al. [63] Environ Health Perspect ASD 64 PDD 19 Controls 114 2-12 y Mean mercury levels were evaluated between autism, PDD, and NT No differences were found between and autism in urinary mercury levels or in past mercury exposure DD=developmental delay; NT= neurotypical; PDD= pervasive developmental disorder; As= arsenic; Cd= cadmium; Pb=lead; y= years of age Table 6. Body Tissue Studies that did not Find Significantly Different Mercury Levels in ASD vs. Children with Neurological Disorders, Neuropsychiatric Disorders, or Learning Disabilities. Type of Study Authors and Journal N Age Purpose of Study Findings Blood Macedoni-Lukšič et al. [64] Biol Trace Elem Res ASD 52 neurologic disorders 22 1-16 y Levels of metals in aluminum, lead, mercury in ASD compared to children with neurological disorders No significant difference in blood levels of metals between the groups was found
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