Changing social values and access to education,  Analyze reasons  employment, health care, and contraception have for changes in reduced fertility in most parts of the world. fertility rates in Changing social, economic, and political for  different parts of women have influenced the patterns of fertility, the world. mortality, and migration.  Explain the causes An aging population has social (e.g., retirement),  and implications economic (e.g., dependency ratio), and political of an aging (e.g., voting patterns) implications. population. C. Causes and consequences of migration are influenced by cultural, demographic, economic, environmental, and political factors. Push and pull factors can be cultural (e.g.,  religious freedom), demographic (e.g., unbalanced sex ratios, overpopulation), Explain how push  economic (e.g., jobs), environmental (e.g., and pull factors natural disasters), or political (e.g., persecution). contribute to Push factors are often negative (e.g., poor  migration. economic conditions, warfare), while pull factors are often perceived as positive (e.g., a better quality of life, economic opportunities). Forced migrations include those involving the   refugees, internally displaced persons, and concepts of asylum seekers. forced and Voluntary migrations may be transnational, voluntary  internal, chain, step, and rural to urban. migration to historical and Patterns of voluntary and forced migration may  contemporary be affected by distance and physical features. examples. Major historical migrations include forced  Analyze major  migration of Africans to the Americas, historical immigration waves to the U.S., and emigration migrations. from Europe and Asia to colonies abroad. Governments institute policies to encourage or Analyze the   restrict migration. cultural, economic, Migration has consequences (e.g., remittances;  environmental, spread of languages, religions, innovations, and political diseases) for areas that generate or receive consequences of migrants. migration. Population and Health
 Analyze reasons for changes in fertility rates in different parts of the world.  Changing social values and access to education, employment, health care, and contraception have reduced fertility in most parts of the world.  Changing social, economic, and political for women have influenced the patterns of fertility, mortality, and migration.  Explain the causes and implications of an aging population.  An aging population has social (e.g., retirement), economic (e.g., dependency ratio), and political (e.g., voting patterns) implications. C. Causes and consequences of migration are influenced by cultural, demographic, economic, environmental, and political factors.  Explain how push and pull factors contribute to migration.  Push and pull factors can be cultural (e.g., religious freedom), demographic (e.g., unbalanced sex ratios, overpopulation), economic (e.g., jobs), environmental (e.g., natural disasters), or political (e.g., persecution).  Push factors are often negative (e.g., poor economic conditions, warfare), while pull factors are often perceived as positive (e.g., a better quality of life, economic opportunities).  the concepts of forced and voluntary migration to historical and contemporary examples.  Forced migrations include those involving refugees, internally displaced persons, and asylum seekers.  Voluntary migrations may be transnational, internal, chain, step, and rural to urban.  Patterns of voluntary and forced migration may be affected by distance and physical features.  Analyze major historical migrations.  Major historical migrations include forced migration of Africans to the Americas, immigration waves to the U.S., and emigration from Europe and Asia to colonies abroad.  Analyze the cultural, economic, environmental, and political consequences of migration.  Governments institute policies to encourage or restrict migration.  Migration has consequences (e.g., remittances; spread of languages, religions, innovations, diseases) for areas that generate or receive migrants. Population and Health
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