final skin closure mg/kg dose, SC or intra- incisional Bupivacaine Dilute to 0.25 Use locally before Slower onset than Lidocaine but longer (˜4-8 %, do not making surgical hour) duration of action. Do not give IV. exceed 8 incision, or before mg/kg total skin closure dose, SC or intra- incisional Rat Drug Dose and Frequency Notes Opioid analgesia Buprenorphine 0.01-0.05 Pre-operatively for Takes 1 h to be effective so should be given pre- mg/kg preemptive emptively. IM or SC analgesia and Duration of effect is 4-6 h post-operatively NSAID is recommended for continued 4 12 hours pain relief. – Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesia (NSAID) Note that prolonged use may cause renal, – gastrointestinal, or other problems. Carprofen 5-10 mg/kg Used pre- Depending on the procedure, may be used as SC, PO operatively for sole analgesic, or as multi-modal analgesia with preemptive buprenorphine. analgesia and post-operatively every 12-24 hour Meloxicam 1-2 mg/kg PO, Once daily for up Depending on the procedure, may be used as SC to 3 days sole analgesic, or as multi-modal analgesia with buprenorphine. Local anesthetic/analgesics (Lidocaine and bupivacaine may be combined in one syringe for rapid onset and long duration analgesia) Lidocaine Dilute to Use locally before Use as local anesthetic, fast onset but duration 0.5%, should making surgical of action is less than 1 h. not exceed 7 incision, or before final skin closure mg/kg SC or intra- incisional Bupivacaine Dilute to Use locally before Use as a local anesthetic, slow onset but 0.25%, should making surgical duration of action is 4-8 h. Do not give IV. not exceed a incision, or before total dose of 8 final skin closure mg/kg SC or intra- incisional
mg/kg dose, SC or intra- incisional final skin closure Bupivacaine Dilute to 0.25 %, do not exceed 8 mg/kg total dose, SC or intra- incisional Use locally before making surgical incision, or before skin closure Slower onset than Lidocaine but longer (˜4-8 hour) duration of action. Do not give IV. Rat Drug Dose and Frequency Notes Opioid analgesia Buprenorphine 0.01-0.05 mg/kg IM or SC Pre-operatively for preemptive analgesia and post-operatively 4 – 12 hours Takes 1 h to be effective so should be given pre- emptively. Duration of effect is 4-6 h NSAID is recommended for continued pain relief. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesia (NSAID) – Note that prolonged use may cause renal, gastrointestinal, or other problems. Carprofen 5-10 mg/kg SC, PO Used pre- operatively for preemptive analgesia and post-operatively every 12-24 hour Depending on the procedure, may be used as sole analgesic, or as multi-modal analgesia with buprenorphine. Meloxicam 1-2 mg/kg PO, SC Once daily for up to 3 days Depending on the procedure, may be used as sole analgesic, or as multi-modal analgesia with buprenorphine. Local anesthetic/analgesics (Lidocaine and bupivacaine may be combined in one syringe for rapid onset and long duration analgesia) Lidocaine Dilute to 0.5%, should not exceed 7 mg/kg SC or intra- incisional Use locally before making surgical incision, or before final skin closure Use as local anesthetic, fast onset but duration of action is less than 1 h. Bupivacaine Dilute to 0.25%, should not exceed a total dose of 8 mg/kg SC or intra- incisional Use locally before making surgical incision, or before final skin closure Use as a local anesthetic, slow onset but duration of action is 4-8 h. Do not give IV.
Analgesics_in_Laboratory_Animals.docx