Table 1. Summary table of included studies Articles Population Intervention Comparator Outcomes Study design Brief summary of results Significant indicators of evidence Level Adult patients Nurse-patient Proportion of CVC-associated Prospective Risk for CVC-BSIs not CVC-BSIs 3e et al., (n=4,535) in 8 ratio; ICU nurse float nurse-days bloodstream cohort study associated with nurse- 2003 ICUs in the US or float nurse; (float nurse infections (BSIs) ratio or admitted with patient care defined as nurse ratio but was central venous who had worked associated with proportion catheter (CVC) ratios in the unit < 1 of float nurse-days. Risk (number of PCAs year) for CVC-BSI 2.6 times per shift per 100 higher in patients cared patients) for by float nurse > 60% of time; rate ratio 2.61 (1.21 to 5.59) Amaravadi, et Adult patients time nurse Night time nurse In-hospital mortality, Cohort study 39% increase in median Hospital length of 3e al., 2000 (n=366) who had patient ratio of 1 patient ratio of 1 length of stay, LOS, OR 2.4 pneumonia, stay, pneumonia, oesophageal nurse to 1-2 nurse to 3 or pneumonia, OR 2.6 reintubation, OR reintubation, resection in 32 patients more patients reintubation, 3.6 septicaemia septicaemia ICUs in 32 septicaemia, acute care aspiration, hospitals in postoperative Maryland, US infection, MI, cardiac arrest, surgical complications, renal failure
Table 1. Summary table of included studies Articles Population Intervention Comparator Outcomes Study design Brief summary of results Significant indicators Level of evidence et al., 2003 Adult patients (n=4,535) in 8 ICUs in the US admitted with central venous catheter (CVC) Nurse-patient ratio; ICU nurse or float nurse; patient care ratios (number of PCAs per shift per 100 patients) Proportion of float nurse-days (float nurse defined as nurse who had worked in the unit < 1 year) CVC-associated bloodstream infections (BSIs) Prospective cohort study Risk for CVC-BSIs not associated with ratio or ratio but was associated with proportion of float nurse-days. Risk for CVC-BSI 2.6 times higher in patients cared for by float nurse > 60% of time; rate ratio 2.61 (1.21 to 5.59) CVC-BSIs 3e Amaravadi, et al., 2000 Adult patients (n=366) who had oesophageal resection in 32 ICUs in 32 acute care hospitals in Maryland, US time nurse patient ratio of 1 nurse to 1-2 patients Night time nurse patient ratio of 1 nurse to 3 or more patients In-hospital mortality, length of stay, pneumonia, reintubation, septicaemia, aspiration, postoperative infection, MI, cardiac arrest, surgical complications, renal failure Cohort study 39% increase in median LOS, OR 2.4 pneumonia, OR 2.6 reintubation, OR 3.6 septicaemia Hospital length of stay, pneumonia, reintubation, septicaemia 3e nurse-
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