Molecular Recognition and More pathogens induce the host plant to activate various chemical defense • responses. Many of the pathogens’ molecules called elicitors trigger – – plant defenses. If a has a on its cell surfaces, the protein will bind to receptor protein • the elicitor. After binding, a is set in motion. signal transduction pathway The overall effects are both local, causing a response near the site of infection, and systemic, causing a response in parts of the plant that are distant from the site of infection. Receptor proteins and elicitor bonding is specific and relies on molecular • recognition. Other diverse examples of plant defenses include: • Plants may produce pathogenesis-related proteins (PR One type is proteins). – chitinase, an enzyme which breaks down the cell walls of fungi. Phytoalexins, which serve as a natural antibiotic, are produced within hours of an – infection by plant cells near the infection site. Plants have a way of isolating damaged areas so that a pathogen does not – spread. Cells around the site of infection undergo apoptosis depriving the pathogen of nutrients from the surrounding cells. 6. If chitinase is a PR protein that breaks down fungal cell the • cell walls of fungi must contain what complex carbohydrate? (You could look up examples of complex carbohydrates.)
Molecular Recognition and More • pathogens induce the host plant to activate various chemical defense responses. Many of the pathogens’ molecules – called elicitors – trigger plant defenses. • If a has a receptor protein on its cell surfaces, the protein will bind to the elicitor. After binding, a signal transduction pathway is set in motion. The overall effects are both local, causing a response near the site of infection, and systemic, causing a response in parts of the plant that are distant from the site of infection. • Receptor proteins and elicitor bonding is specific and relies on molecular recognition. • Other diverse examples of plant defenses include: – Plants may produce pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins). One type is chitinase, an enzyme which breaks down the cell walls of fungi. – Phytoalexins, which serve as a natural antibiotic, are produced within hours of an infection by plant cells near the infection site. – Plants have a way of isolating damaged areas so that a pathogen does not spread. Cells around the site of infection undergo apoptosis depriving the pathogen of nutrients from the surrounding cells. • 6. If chitinase is a PR protein that breaks down fungal cell the cell walls of fungi must contain what complex carbohydrate? (You could look up examples of complex carbohydrates.)
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