Gene mutations arise Specimen 0.2 Explain what a Learning activities: spontaneously during assessment material: gene mutation is teacher led explanation of DNA replication and and how it arises. AS Paper 2 (set 2) how gene mutations arise and – include base deletion Rich questions: Explain what is Q3 mutagenic agents which can and base substitution. by a deletion and Evaluate this increase the risk substitution The degeneracy of the statement: students work through the mutation and the genetic code means that Past exam transcription and translation “Sunbathing potential not all base substitutions material: exposes your body activity (linked in resources). consequences of cause a change in the to UV light which Then ask them to repeat the BIOL2 Jan 2013 – each (linked to amino acid sequence. causes mutations to activity twice more but this Q6a–6 primary protein occur”. time putting in a substitution Mutagenic agents can structure). BIOL2 June 2013 – Which type of gene mutation for one and a increase the risk of gene Interpret base Q7b–7c mutation is likely to deletion mutation for another. mutation. sequences to be the most Compare effects of the two Jan 2012 Q4 – identify gene damaging and why? mutations to the original mutations and their BIOL2 June 2011 – A student wrote that amino acid sequence. Ask impact. Q3b UV light increased students to relate these Describe what a the likelihood of effects to their knowledge of BIOL2 June 2010 Q3 – mutagenic agent is mutations in the protein structure and identify some protein that the cell teacher explanation of the possible mutagenic made. Why is this effects of substitution and agents. not correct? deletion mutations and also the possible neutral effects of substitution due to degeneracy. exam questions. Skills developed by learning activities:
Gene mutations arise spontaneously during DNA replication and include base deletion and base substitution. The degeneracy of the genetic code means that not all base substitutions cause a change in the amino acid sequence. Mutagenic agents can increase the risk of gene mutation. 0.2 Explain what a gene mutation is and how it arises. Explain what is by a deletion and substitution mutation and the potential consequences of each (linked to primary protein structure). Interpret base sequences to identify gene mutations and their impact. Describe what a mutagenic agent is and identify some possible mutagenic agents. Learning activities: teacher led explanation of how gene mutations arise and mutagenic agents which can increase the risk students work through the transcription and translation activity (linked in resources). Then ask them to repeat the activity twice more but this time putting in a substitution mutation for one and a deletion mutation for another. Compare effects of the two mutations to the original amino acid sequence. Ask students to relate these effects to their knowledge of protein structure teacher explanation of the effects of substitution and deletion mutations and also the possible neutral effects of substitution due to degeneracy. exam questions. Skills developed by learning activities: Specimen assessment material: AS Paper 2 (set 2) – Q3 Past exam material: BIOL2 Jan 2013 – Q6a–6 BIOL2 June 2013 – Q7b–7c Jan 2012 – Q4 BIOL2 June 2011 – Q3b BIOL2 June 2010 – Q3 Rich questions: Evaluate this statement: “Sunbathing exposes your body to UV light which causes mutations to occur”. Which type of gene mutation is likely to be the most damaging and why? A student wrote that UV light increased the likelihood of mutations in the protein that the cell made. Why is this not correct?
AQA-7401-SOW.DOCX