Unit of heredity found on a chromosome, and is an The process of changing the information in a gene into instruction to the cell to make a particular substance, a a protein and the effect that protein has on the protein, which helps regulate a trait (characteristic) of organism. an organism. gene gene expression Spontaneous change in a single gene, i.e. a change in Using transgenic farm animals for the production of the DNA structure. This changes the nucleotide pharmaceuticals, e.g. sheep to produce factor VIII. sequence; which changes the amino acid sequence; which in turn changes the protein produced, e.g. sickle cell anaemia, phenylketonurea (PKU). gene mutation gene pharming All the genetic information possessed by members of a The insertion of genetically altered or normal genes population. into cells using recombinant DNA technology, to replace the defective genes that cause genetic disorders. gene pool gene therapy Modern techniques or processes used to artificially alter Condition resulting from a change in a gene or the the genetic information in the chromosome of an number of chromosomes. organism. The process involves the following: isolation of gene cutting (restriction) transformation (ligation), introduction of base sequence changes expression. genetic disorder genetic engineering
Unit of heredity found on a chromosome, and is an instruction to the cell to make a particular substance, a protein, which helps regulate a trait (characteristic) of an organism. gene The process of changing the information in a gene into a protein and the effect that protein has on the organism. gene expression Spontaneous change in a single gene, i.e. a change in the DNA structure. This changes the nucleotide sequence; which changes the amino acid sequence; which in turn changes the protein produced, e.g. sickle cell anaemia, phenylketonurea (PKU). gene mutation Using transgenic farm animals for the production of pharmaceuticals, e.g. sheep to produce factor VIII. gene pharming All the genetic information possessed by members of a population. gene pool The insertion of genetically altered or normal genes into cells using recombinant DNA technology, to replace the defective genes that cause genetic disorders. gene therapy Condition resulting from a change in a gene or the number of chromosomes. genetic disorder Modern techniques or processes used to artificially alter the genetic information in the chromosome of an organism. The process involves the following: isolation of gene cutting (restriction) transformation (ligation), introduction of base sequence changes expression. genetic engineering
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