vulnerability assessments (RVAs) of other Member States, for example U.K., Germany, and so on An initial review on the relevant factors and impacts is presented on It is largely Table 9. based on EEA (2017) with some impacts considered as clearly not relevant for Bulgaria, removed. Table 9. Summary of transport vulnerabilities to extreme weather factors Impacts Factor Road Railway Water-borne Aviation Low river Rail buckling flows Overheating of Extreme Gradual pavement Vessels’ S&T equipment heat damage wedging Operations’ Operations’ disruption disruption Gradual pavement Gradual pavement Icing, damaged deterioration Icing of trains deterioration navigation OHL and Failure of aircrafts Extreme signs and Failure of vehicles breaking and traffic cold infrastructure and traffic management Operations’ management Operations’ equipment disruption equipment disruptions Icing of aircrafts Infrastructure Infrastructure damage due to damage due to floods and/or Heavy floods and/or Operations’ Reduction in landslides landslides disruptions airport throughput Reduced visibility Operations’ and traction disruption Reduced road safety Reduced visibility Reduction in Damage to and traction airport throughput signals and OHL Snowfall Obstacles on the Icing of aircraft Operations’ road Reduced visibility disruption Safety risk and traction Increased Reduced visibility and traction Damage to turbulence signals and OHL Obstacles on the Safety for Storms road Obstacles on the ground operations Operations’ and hails line Damage to aircraft Failure of traffic disruption and equipment management systems Operations’ Damage to vehicles disruption Operations’ Safety risk disruption Damage to Increased Reduced visibility signals and OHL turbulence and traction Operations’ Obstacles of the Obstacles on the disruptions Safety risks for line road ground operations
vulnerability assessments (RVAs) of other Member States, for example U.K., Germany, and so on An initial review on the relevant factors and impacts is presented on Table 9. It is largely based on EEA (2017) with some impacts considered as clearly not relevant for Bulgaria, removed. Table 9. Summary of transport vulnerabilities to extreme weather factors Factor Impacts Road Railway Water-borne Aviation Extreme heat Gradual pavement damage Rail buckling Overheating of S&T equipment Operations’ disruption Low river flows Vessels’ wedging Operations’ disruption Extreme cold Gradual pavement deterioration Failure of vehicles and traffic management equipment Icing of trains OHL and breaking Operations’ disruption Icing, damaged navigation signs and infrastructure Operations’ disruptions Gradual pavement deterioration Failure of aircrafts and traffic management equipment Icing of aircrafts Heavy Infrastructure damage due to floods and/or landslides Reduced visibility and traction Reduced road safety Infrastructure damage due to floods and/or landslides Operations’ disruption Operations’ disruptions Reduction in airport throughput Snowfall Reduced visibility and traction Obstacles on the road Safety risk Damage to signals and OHL Operations’ disruption Reduction in airport throughput Icing of aircraft Reduced visibility and traction Storms and hails Reduced visibility and traction Obstacles on the road Failure of traffic management systems Damage to vehicles Safety risk Damage to signals and OHL Obstacles on the line Operations’ disruption Operations’ disruption Increased turbulence Safety for ground operations Damage to aircraft and equipment Operations’ disruption Reduced visibility and traction Obstacles on the road Damage to signals and OHL Obstacles of the line Operations’ disruptions Increased turbulence Safety risks for ground operations
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