Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Sig. Mean Std. Error F Sig. t df Difference Difference Lower Upper SingleLetter1 Equal .930 .340 1.086 48 .283 .880 .810 -.749 2.509 variances assumed Equal 1.086 34.499 .285 .880 .810 -.766 2.526 variances not assumed Appendix 18: RCT, pre-test t-test, overall scores less single-letter grapheme recognition From SPSS outputs Paired Samples Statistics Std. Std. Error Mean N Deviation Mean Pair 1 TotalLessSing1 10.60 25 12.560 2.512 Group1 .00 25 .000 .000 Pair 2 TotalLessSing1 11.12 25 12.991 2.598 Group2 ,00 25 ,000 ,000 Paired Samples Test Paired Differences 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Std. Std. Error Sig. Mean Deviation Mean Lower Upper t df Pair 1 TotalLessSing1 - 10.600 12.560 2.512 5.416 15.784 4.220 24 .000 Group1 Pair 2 TotalLessSing1 - 11.120 12.991 2.598 5.757 16.483 4.280 24 .000 Group2 Independent Samples Test
Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means F Sig. t df Sig. Mean Difference Std. Error Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper SingleLetter1 Equal variances assumed .930 .340 1.086 48 .283 .880 .810 -.749 2.509 Equal variances not assumed 1.086 34.499 .285 .880 .810 -.766 2.526 Appendix 18: RCT, pre-test t-test, overall scores less single-letter grapheme recognition From SPSS outputs Paired Samples Statistics Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Pair 1 TotalLessSing1 10.60 25 12.560 2.512 Group1 .00 25 .000 .000 Pair 2 TotalLessSing1 11.12 25 12.991 2.598 Group2 ,00 25 ,000 ,000 Paired Samples Test Paired Differences t df Sig. Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Pair 1 TotalLessSing1 - Group1 10.600 12.560 2.512 5.416 15.784 4.220 24 .000 Pair 2 TotalLessSing1 - Group2 11.120 12.991 2.598 5.757 16.483 4.280 24 .000 Independent Samples Test
AAA_EdD_-_THE_WHOLE_THING_%28post_viva%29.docx