Table (2.1) Number of Migrants Worldwide in million During last 30 years, (,2011) Waters (1995: p.3) highlights the effect of globalisation on social life when he states that it is social process in the constraints of geography on social and cultural ‘a arrangements recede and in which people become increasingly aware that they are receding’. Holton (1998) views the first major problem encountered by communities in the globalisation era as the failure to consider other key developments in social life that point in rather different directions. This focuses on communities and has identified major trends that arise and challenge the statement that social life is dramatically becoming global. There is much evidence for this, such as the resurgence of new trends, nationalism and ethnicity countering globalisation in many parts of the world. Holton adds that this is apparent in the Balkans, Central Africa and anywhere else where social groups have challenged a greater phenomenon and identity in the name of narrower loyalties. This has led to renewed episodes of genocide and ethnic cleansing. Furthermore, Holton states that the social and cultural aspects of globalisation have encouraged a positive awareness of various cultures and provides different alternatives to many things, such as food, music and clothes, which could lead to a new, modern world order devoid of clashes and conflict between cultures, based on a unified concept of human rights. Fukuyama (1992) views globalisation as worldwide free markets; however, this does not always welcome the homogenisation of markets by trans-national firms (such as the McDonaldisation of food consumption), which may be perceived as damaging to cultural and economic diversity (see Fig 2.7 below).
Table (2.1) Number of Migrants Worldwide in million During last 30 years, (,2011) Waters (1995: p.3) highlights the effect of globalisation on social life when he states that it is ‘a social process in the constraints of geography on social and cultural arrangements recede and in which people become increasingly aware that they are receding’. Holton (1998) views the first major problem encountered by communities in the globalisation era as the failure to consider other key developments in social life that point in rather different directions. This focuses on communities and has identified major trends that arise and challenge the statement that social life is dramatically becoming global. There is much evidence for this, such as the resurgence of new trends, nationalism and ethnicity countering globalisation in many parts of the world. Holton adds that this is apparent in the Balkans, Central Africa and anywhere else where social groups have challenged a greater phenomenon and identity in the name of narrower loyalties. This has led to renewed episodes of genocide and ethnic cleansing. Furthermore, Holton states that the social and cultural aspects of globalisation have encouraged a positive awareness of various cultures and provides different alternatives to many things, such as food, music and clothes, which could lead to a new, modern world order devoid of clashes and conflict between cultures, based on a unified concept of human rights. Fukuyama (1992) views globalisation as worldwide free markets; however, this does not always welcome the homogenisation of markets by trans-national firms (such as the McDonaldisation of food consumption), which may be perceived as damaging to cultural and economic diversity (see Fig 2.7 below).
Ahmed_PhD++thesis.docx