Figure 3: Flow diagram of suggested procedures for isolation and identification of B. anthracis and confirmation of diagnosis Table 4.2: Secondary characteristics in the identification of Bacillus spp. in Morphological Group 1 Set A: LV positive Characteristics B. anthracis Non-motile, non-haemolytic, Morphological Group 1. B. cereus Marked haemolysis, motile, Morphological Group 1. B. thuringiensis Identical to B. cereus, contains parasporal bodies in young culture. var. Variant of colonies rhizoid and spreading, usually non-motile. B. cereus mycoides B. cereus, B. laterosporus Typical canoe-shaped cells containing Morphological Group 2 spores. Table 4.3: Biochemical characteristics of Morphological Group 1 var cereus subtilis firmus pumilus anthracis megaterium cereus coagulans B. B. B. B. .mycoides B. thuringiensis licheniformis B. B. B. B. B. LV (egg yolk) reaction - + + + + - - - - - Citrate utilization + + + v + + + + + v Anaerobic growth - + + + + + - - - + V-P reaction - + + + + + + + - v Nitrate reduction v + + + + + + - + v Indole production - - - - - - - - - - Growth in 7% NaCl + + + + + + + + + - Starch hydrolysis + + + + + + + - + + Casein hydrolysis + + + + + + + + + v Gelatine hydrolysis + + + + + + + + + - Urease activity v v v - v V v - - - *Acid from: Glucose + + + + + + + + v + Mannitol v - - - - + + + + v Xylose v - - - - + + + v v Arabinose v - - - - + + + v v Haemolysis (blood agar) + + - + Motility + - - +
Figure 3: Flow diagram of suggested procedures for isolation and identification of B. anthracis and confirmation of diagnosis Table 4.2: Secondary characteristics in the identification of Bacillus spp. in Morphological Group 1 Set A: LV positive Characteristics B. anthracis B. cereus B. thuringiensis B. cereus var. mycoides B. laterosporus Non-motile, non-haemolytic, Morphological Group 1. Marked haemolysis, motile, Morphological Group 1. Identical to B. cereus, contains parasporal bodies in young culture. Variant of B. cereus, colonies rhizoid and spreading, usually non-motile. Typical canoe-shaped cells containing Morphological Group 2 spores. Table 4.3: Biochemical characteristics of Morphological Group 1 B. megaterium B. cereus B. cereus var .mycoides B. anthracis B. thuringiensis B. licheniformis B. subtilis B. pumilus B. firmus B. coagulans LV (egg yolk) reaction - + + + + - - - - - Citrate utilization + + + v + + + + + v Anaerobic growth - + + + + + - - - + V-P reaction - + + + + + + + - v Nitrate reduction v + + + + + + - + v Indole production - - - - - - - - - - Growth in 7% NaCl + + + + + + + + + - Starch hydrolysis + + + + + + + - + + Casein hydrolysis + + + + + + + + + v Gelatine hydrolysis + + + + + + + + + - Urease activity v v v - v V v - - - *Acid from: Glucose + + + + + + + + v + Mannitol v - - - - + + + + v Xylose v - - - - + + + v v Arabinose v - - - - + + + v v Haemolysis (blood agar) + + - + Motility + - - +
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