11. Appendix 1: Literature Review No. Author Source Aim Method Results Notes (Year) (Terms) Arcelus et PubMed Measure the Literature review Increase prevalence over Possible use for background information on 1 al. (2015) (Transsexualism, prevalence of and meta-analysis the last 50 years. 4.6/100 numbers only. Compare with estimates from diagnosis) transsexualism of available 000; 6.8 for transwomen; The Williams Institute analysis. literature. Of 1473 2.6 for transmen possible studies, 12 had sufficient data 2 Austin and CINAHL Introduction of Review of current Empirical evidence Addresses the assessment and management of Craig (Transgender, Cognitive supports CBT for transgender persons, not specific mental health (2015) mental health affirming Behavior Therapy addressing serious concerns. Focus on care received while trying services, adaptation of (CBT) practices mental health concerns to obtain diagnosis but not issues associated therapy) cognitive with but needs to be adapted outside of a gender diagnosis. therapy considerations for for minority populations interventions transgender such as transgender individuals persons. (From the suffering from perspective of clinical depression, care practitioners) anxiety, and/or suicidality. 3 Bariola et PubMed Examine the National online 46% of the sample Highlighted the need for more tailored al. (2015) (Transgender, psychosocial survey sample of reported high or very programs for transgender persons it did not psychology) factors 169 transgender high level of address mental health care needs, expectations associated with persons psychological distress or services desired. psychological distress and resilience among transgender
11. Appendix 1: Literature Review No. Author (Year) Source (Terms) Aim Method Results Notes 1 Arcelus et al. (2015) PubMed (Transsexualism, diagnosis) Measure the prevalence of transsexualism Literature review and meta-analysis of available literature. Of 1473 possible studies, 12 had sufficient data Increase prevalence over the last 50 years. 4.6/100 000; 6.8 for transwomen; 2.6 for transmen Possible use for background information on numbers only. Compare with estimates from The Williams Institute analysis. 2 Austin and Craig (2015) CINAHL (Transgender, mental health services, therapy) Introduction of adaptation of cognitive therapy interventions Review of current Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) practices with considerations for transgender individuals suffering from depression, anxiety, and/or suicidality. Empirical evidence supports CBT for addressing serious mental health concerns but needs to be adapted for minority populations such as transgender persons. (From the perspective of clinical care practitioners) Addresses the assessment and management of transgender persons, not specific mental health concerns. Focus on care received while trying to obtain diagnosis but not issues associated outside of a gender affirming diagnosis. 3 Bariola et al. (2015) PubMed (Transgender, psychology) Examine the psychosocial factors associated with psychological distress and resilience among transgender National online survey sample of 169 transgender persons 46% of the sample reported high or very high level of psychological distress Highlighted the need for more tailored programs for transgender persons it did not address mental health care needs, expectations or services desired.
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