presence of the trypanosomes that where there are and T. b. and often in very vector cause nagana tsetse flies poor condition rhodesiense Infected cattle or Bovine Widespread in The The parasites None European cattle can introduce tropical, subtropical cannot survive breeds are most babesiosis Rhipicephalus babesiosis to new and warm (Boophilus) outside the host severely affected areas as occurred temperate regions and and vectors decoloratus in Australia with the wherever the R.(B.) microplus introduction of B. vectors are present transmit babesias microplus Heartwater Throughout Ehrlichia ruminantis The parasite cannot Infected cattle can None Major stock losses Africa, is transmitted by survive outside the spread the and occur due to high mainly in tropical ticks of the genus host and vector the vector, which mortality in and subtropical Amblyomma; A. can become ruminants including was variegatum is the established if some wild species established on two most important conditions are when introduced Caribbean islands vector in southern suitable into endemic areas Africa Bovine Worldwide; Ticks transmit the The parasite cannot Spread is by None The effects range anaplasmosis endemic in most of anaplasmas; the survive outside the movement of from a drop in milk southern Africa main vector is host and vector infected cattle and production, weight (cattle farming Rhipicephalus this can result in loss and poor outbreaks in conditions with slow (Boophilus) decoloratus, but areas but recovery to high three other species establishment is mortality (up to of Rhipicephalus and only possible where 50%); temporary infertility may occur Hyalomma
presence of the vector trypanosomes that cause nagana where there are tsetse flies and T. b. rhodesiense and often in very poor condition Bovine babesiosis Widespread in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions wherever the vectors are present The Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus and R.(B.) microplus transmit babesias The parasites cannot survive outside the host and vectors Infected cattle or can introduce babesiosis to new areas as occurred in Australia with the introduction of B. microplus None European cattle breeds are most severely affected Heartwater Throughout Africa, mainly in tropical and subtropical was established on two Caribbean islands Ehrlichia ruminantis is transmitted by ticks of the genus Amblyomma; A. variegatum is the most important vector in southern Africa The parasite cannot survive outside the host and vector Infected cattle can spread the and the vector, which can become established if conditions are suitable None Major stock losses occur due to high mortality in ruminants including some wild species when introduced into endemic areas Bovine anaplasmosis Worldwide; endemic in most of southern Africa (cattle farming Ticks transmit the anaplasmas; the main vector is Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus, but three other species of Rhipicephalus and Hyalomma The parasite cannot survive outside the host and vector Spread is by movement of infected cattle and this can result in outbreaks in areas but establishment is only possible where None The effects range from a drop in milk production, weight loss and poor conditions with slow recovery to high mortality (up to 50%); temporary infertility may occur
ahm_module_1_complete_1-1.docx