manure high C:N ratio residue application quicker. Vehicle or farm Compacts soil equipment decreasing pore space, traffic water movement, oxygen for microbes and nitrogen loss from denitrification Management Application Short Term Impacts Long Term Impacts Practice Solid manure Provide additional Increased respiration Positive impact on soil or organic carbon and nitrogen when manure begins to structure, fertility and soil material source for microbes to breakdown and organic matter content. application breakdown and increase increased biomass biomass production. production. High residue High C:N ratio crops High C:N ratio crop Positive impact on long crops or cover and added nitrogen residue tie up nitrogen term soil quality, fertility crops used in increase decomposition temporarily in order to and soil organic matter rotation with and accrual of soil break down residue, content. high C:N ratio organic matter. increased soil moisture, decreased erosion. Tillage such as Stirs the soil providing a Provides a flush of Declines in soil organic annual disking, temporary increase in nitrogen, other matter, soil quality, soil plowing, etc. oxygen for microbes to nutrients and carbon fertility. break down carbon dioxide release sources. immediately after tillage. Increases erosion rates, decomposition rate of residue, and other carbon sources. Crop residue Leave residue on the Increased crop residue Positive impact on long management surface increasing cover can tie up term soil quality, fertility ground cover to protect nitrogen temporarily in and soil organic matter the soil. order to break down content.
manure application high C:N ratio residue quicker. Vehicle or farm equipment traffic Compacts soil decreasing pore space, water movement, oxygen for microbes and nitrogen loss from denitrification Management Practice Application Short Term Impacts Long Term Impacts Solid manure or organic material application Provide additional carbon and nitrogen source for microbes to breakdown and increase biomass production. Increased respiration when manure begins to breakdown and increased biomass production. Positive impact on soil structure, fertility and soil organic matter content. High residue crops or cover crops used in rotation with high C:N ratio High C:N ratio crops and added nitrogen increase decomposition and accrual of soil organic matter. High C:N ratio crop residue tie up nitrogen temporarily in order to break down residue, increased soil moisture, decreased erosion. Positive impact on long term soil quality, fertility and soil organic matter content. Tillage such as annual disking, plowing, etc. Stirs the soil providing a temporary increase in oxygen for microbes to break down carbon sources. Provides a flush of nitrogen, other nutrients and carbon dioxide release immediately after tillage. Increases erosion rates, decomposition rate of residue, and other carbon sources. Declines in soil organic matter, soil quality, soil fertility. Crop residue management Leave residue on the surface increasing ground cover to protect the soil. Increased crop residue cover can tie up nitrogen temporarily in order to break down Positive impact on long term soil quality, fertility and soil organic matter content.
9%20Soil%20Respiration.docx