Control of Economic Assets – measured by the ability to own, use and dispose of material assets. Family and Personal Life – considers the role of women in the family, as well as marriage, divorce and separation; the ability to move freely, travel and work outside of the home. Voice in Society and Policy - gauged by participation and representation in formal politics and engagement in collective action and associations. The relevant factors of the Jordan country context related to these topics will be used to assess the extent 9) of agency gaps between women and men. (Table Table 9. Agency in the Jordan Country Context Category of Agency Relevant Factors Country Context employment income, land, inheritance, Agency partially limited by Control of Economic Assets dowries, pensions, social security, alimony, legal/regulatory frameworks, further family allowances, household finances diminished by social norms, resulting in a gender imbalance heavily tilted towards men in control of assets role as wife, marriage of minors, grounds for Agency relatively more limited by divorce, child custody rights, rights of widows, legal/regulatory frameworks, further Family and Personal Life violence against women, control of family diminished by social norms, resulting in books, citizenship, ease of mobility, work a considerable imbalance in the agency outside of the home, access to travel of women and men documents, travel with children elected and appointed office, election quotas, Agency relatively less limited by Voice in Society and representation on boards of directors, legal/regulatory frameworks, but professional associations, entrepreneurs further diminished by social norms resulting in limited participation by women relative to men Positive Reforms to the Legal Framework Recent legislative and regulatory reforms, if implemented effectively, have the potential to increase agency through expansion of rights and improvements in service delivery. As highlighted women’s in the WDR 2012, expanding the rights of women can foster agency, but expansion of rights for family formation and control over household assets has been limited globally. The GoJ has introduced some positive legislative reforms, in particular through major revisions to the in 2012 that Personal Status Code affect family and personal rights. Other notable reforms cover areas of control over economic assets, political participation and domestic violence. (Table 10) If implemented effectively, these reforms have the potential to improve exercise of agency. However, implementation of laws and regulations women’s can often be problematic in Jordan, especially when they conflict with social norms.
Control of Economic Assets – measured by the ability to own, use and dispose of material assets. Family and Personal Life – considers the role of women in the family, as well as marriage, divorce and separation; the ability to move freely, travel and work outside of the home. Voice in Society and Policy - gauged by participation and representation in formal politics and engagement in collective action and associations. The relevant factors of the Jordan country context related to these topics will be used to assess the extent of agency gaps between women and men. (Table 9) Table 9. Agency in the Jordan Country Context Category of Agency Relevant Factors Country Context Control of Economic Assets employment income, land, inheritance, dowries, pensions, social security, alimony, family allowances, household finances Agency partially limited by legal/regulatory frameworks, further diminished by social norms, resulting in a gender imbalance heavily tilted towards men in control of assets Family and Personal Life role as wife, marriage of minors, grounds for divorce, child custody rights, rights of widows, violence against women, control of family books, citizenship, ease of mobility, work outside of the home, access to travel documents, travel with children Agency relatively more limited by legal/regulatory frameworks, further diminished by social norms, resulting in a considerable imbalance in the agency of women and men Voice in Society and elected and appointed office, election quotas, representation on boards of directors, professional associations, entrepreneurs Agency relatively less limited by legal/regulatory frameworks, but further diminished by social norms resulting in limited participation by women relative to men Positive Reforms to the Legal Framework Recent legislative and regulatory reforms, if implemented effectively, have the potential to increase women’s agency through expansion of rights and improvements in service delivery. As highlighted in the WDR 2012, expanding the rights of women can foster agency, but expansion of rights for family formation and control over household assets has been limited globally. The GoJ has introduced some positive legislative reforms, in particular through major revisions to the Personal Status Code in 2012 that affect family and personal rights. Other notable reforms cover areas of control over economic assets, political participation and domestic violence. (Table 10) If implemented effectively, these reforms have the potential to improve women’s exercise of agency. However, implementation of laws and regulations can often be problematic in Jordan, especially when they conflict with social norms.
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