Step five: Now is the stage to calculate the value. Note when calculating this value, it is not the same as n calculating degrees of freedom. the number of differences n = In this case n= differences, as from the sample of 9 participants, participant 5 has been omitted as 8 there is 0 difference. Step six: Match value to the table of critical Wilcoxon Signed Ranks value. These values are found at the 0.05 n significance level for two-tailed hypothesis. N 0.05 6 0 7 2 8 4 9 6 10 8 The critical Wilcoxon value for differences is 4. n=8 Step seven: When examining the values it is apparent that the observed Wilcoxon value is larger than the critical – Wilcoxon value. Observed Wilcoxon Value = 14 Critical Wilcoxon Value = 4 So, what does this suggest? As the observed Wilcoxon value is higher than the critical Wilcoxon value, this means that the results were no significant, which indicate that in this instance the as there null hypothesis will be accepted – is no difference in number of words recalled by either the left or right ear. If the observed Wilcoxon value was lower than the critical Wilcoxon value, this would have suggested that the results of the study were significant, in which the null hypothesis would have been rejected. Your turn Conduct a small scale study where you are exploring a difference, using a repeated measures design, which produces ordinal or interval data. Once you have your results, follow the steps above to see whether you data is significant.
Step five: Now is the stage to calculate the n value. Note when calculating this value, it is not the same as calculating degrees of freedom. n = the number of differences In this case n= 8 differences, as from the sample of 9 participants, participant 5 has been omitted as there is 0 difference. Step six: Match n value to the table of critical Wilcoxon Signed Ranks value. These values are found at the 0.05 significance level for two-tailed hypothesis. N 0.05 6 0 7 2 8 4 9 6 10 8 The critical Wilcoxon value for n=8 differences is 4. Step seven: When examining the values – it is apparent that the observed Wilcoxon value is larger than the critical Wilcoxon value. Observed Wilcoxon Value = 14 Critical Wilcoxon Value = 4 So, what does this suggest? As the observed Wilcoxon value is higher than the critical Wilcoxon value, this means that the results were no significant, which indicate that in this instance the null hypothesis will be accepted – as there is no difference in number of words recalled by either the left or right ear. If the observed Wilcoxon value was lower than the critical Wilcoxon value, this would have suggested that the results of the study were significant, in which the null hypothesis would have been rejected. Your turn Conduct a small scale study where you are exploring a difference, using a repeated measures design, which produces ordinal or interval data. Once you have your results, follow the steps above to see whether you data is significant.
260143-inferential-statistics-parametric-and-non-parametric-student-workbook.docx