leaf. Sanitation: Feed stubbles to cattle after harvest. Fusarium blight, Affected shoots turn yellow, curl Use of resistant cultivars. No treatment threshold found. Fusarium and dry, often reaching to the soil Use clean (non-infected) seed. Treat seed with dilute sodium oxysporum f. sp. oryzae surface. There is a decay of the Remove and destroy stubbles after harvest. hypochlorite (Clorox). root mass, the leaves are yellow and die, the base of the stalk becomes brown, the roots are easily detached. Advanced plant disease causes blackening knots and decay, leading to underdevelopment and panicle sterility. The grains of the affected plants are underdeveloped, dull, with dirty gray or brown fruit shells. Diseased seeds in the soil often rot. In hot and dry weather, the tops of the leaves twist and dry, and the plant dessicates. The yield may decrease by 10-15%. Rice Weeds: Numerous grasses Grass weed leaves are monocots Use an integrated weed management scheme: No treatment threshold found. and sedges with long, thin leaves that grow Perform thorough land preparation (soil tillage, Pre-emergence: use an herbicide from the base. Sedges are fertilizer, and water management). containing pendimethalin plus perennial plants that resemble Narrow row spacing makes the crop more hand weeding. grasses, grow in shallow water or competitive than the weeds. moist soils, and can reach 4 feet in Place the fertilizer in such a way that the crop height. height. Sedges often grow has access to it but the weeds do not. This in thick clusters or tussocks. Stems allows the crop to be more competitive with of sedges are usually triangular. weeds. Spikes occur on the upper sections Keep the surroundings of farm free of weeds, of the plant and can be single or in unless they are maintained and intended as groups. habitats for natural enemies of crop pests. Regularly clean farm tools. Weeds outcompete the crop for Hand weeding, hoeing and composting (do not soil nutrients, water and light. compost weeds that have flowered and set). They can be controlled prior to Minimizing weed competition during the early planting and plant emergence, and stages of the crop, before it has formed a closed
leaf. Sanitation: Feed stubbles to cattle after harvest. Fusarium blight, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. oryzae Affected shoots turn yellow, curl and dry, often reaching to the soil surface. There is a decay of the root mass, the leaves are yellow and die, the base of the stalk becomes brown, the roots are easily detached. Advanced plant disease causes blackening knots and decay, leading to underdevelopment and panicle sterility. The grains of the affected plants are underdeveloped, dull, with dirty gray or brown fruit shells. Diseased seeds in the soil often rot. In hot and dry weather, the tops of the leaves twist and dry, and the plant dessicates. The yield may decrease by 10-15%. Use of resistant cultivars. Use clean (non-infected) seed. Remove and destroy stubbles after harvest. No treatment threshold found. Treat seed with dilute sodium hypochlorite (Clorox). Rice Weeds: Numerous grasses and sedges Grass weed leaves are monocots with long, thin leaves that grow from the base. Sedges are perennial plants that resemble grasses, grow in shallow water or moist soils, and can reach 4 feet in height. height. Sedges often grow in thick clusters or tussocks. Stems of sedges are usually triangular. Spikes occur on the upper sections of the plant and can be single or in groups. Weeds outcompete the crop for soil nutrients, water and light. They can be controlled prior to planting and plant emergence, and Use an integrated weed management scheme: Perform thorough land preparation (soil tillage, fertilizer, and water management). Narrow row spacing makes the crop more competitive than the weeds. Place the fertilizer in such a way that the crop has access to it but the weeds do not. This allows the crop to be more competitive with weeds. Keep the surroundings of farm free of weeds, unless they are maintained and intended as habitats for natural enemies of crop pests. Regularly clean farm tools. Hand weeding, hoeing and composting (do not compost weeds that have flowered and set). Minimizing weed competition during the early stages of the crop, before it has formed a closed No treatment threshold found. Pre-emergence: use an herbicide containing pendimethalin plus hand weeding.
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