In an experiment, an open capillary tube with a mercury thread is placed in to a heat bath. As the temperature of the gas increases, the mercury thread moves up the capillary tube. The pressure of the gas remains constant because the capillary tube is open. The temperature of the gas is measured with a thermometer and the volume of the gas is measured a scale next to the open capillary tube. The results of the experiment are shown. Temperature / °C Volume / cm3 20 1.50 25 1.88 30 2.25 35 2.63 40 3.00 45 3.38 Using the data, draw a line graph of volume against temperature (in degrees Celsius). Make sure that your temperature axis goes from -300 °C to 45 °C. Using the data, draw a line graph of volume against temperature (in Kelvin). What do these two graphs tell you about the relationship between the volume and temperature of a fixed mass of gas? Explain this relationship in terms of the kinetic theory of particles. The volume of a fixed mass of gas is 30.0 cm3 at 30 °C. The temperature of the gas is increased to 60 °C without changing the pressure. A student makes this statement: the temperature of the gas has doubled, the volume of the gas will also double. ‘As Therefore, the volume of the gas at 60 °C will be 60.0 cm3.’ Explain why this statement is incorrect. Calculate what the volume of the gas actually be at 60 °C. Air is trapped in a glass capillary tube by a bead of mercury. The volume of air is found to be 0.15 cm3 at a temperature of 27 °C.
In an experiment, an open capillary tube with a mercury thread is placed in to a heat bath. As the temperature of the gas increases, the mercury thread moves up the capillary tube. The pressure of the gas remains constant because the capillary tube is open. The temperature of the gas is measured with a thermometer and the volume of the gas is measured a scale next to the open capillary tube. The results of the experiment are shown. Temperature / °C Volume / cm3 20 1.50 25 1.88 30 2.25 35 2.63 40 3.00 45 3.38 Using the data, draw a line graph of volume against temperature (in degrees Celsius). Make sure that your temperature axis goes from -300 °C to 45 °C. Using the data, draw a line graph of volume against temperature (in Kelvin). What do these two graphs tell you about the relationship between the volume and temperature of a fixed mass of gas? Explain this relationship in terms of the kinetic theory of particles. The volume of a fixed mass of gas is 30.0 cm3 at 30 °C. The temperature of the gas is increased to 60 °C without changing the pressure. A student makes this statement: ‘As the temperature of the gas has doubled, the volume of the gas will also double. Therefore, the volume of the gas at 60 °C will be 60.0 cm3.’ Explain why this statement is incorrect. Calculate what the volume of the gas actually be at 60 °C. Air is trapped in a glass capillary tube by a bead of mercury. The volume of air is found to be 0.15 cm3 at a temperature of 27 °C.
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