and find that the following long-term debt and preferred stock costs for the utilities are consistent with the law, in the public interest and should be adopted. SCE SDG&E SoCal Gas PG&E Long-term Debt 5.49% 5.00% 5.77% 5.52% Preferred Stock 5.79% 6.22% 6.00% 5.60% Having determined the appropriate long-term debt and preferred stock costs, we address the appropriate ROE. Return on Common Equity The legal standard for setting the fair rate of return has been established by the United States Supreme Court in the Bluefield and Hope cases. The Bluefield decision states that a public utility is entitled to earn a return upon the value of its property employed for the convenience of the public and sets forth parameters to assess a reasonable return. Such return should be equal to that generally being made at the same time and in the same general part of the country on investments in other business undertakings attended by corresponding risks and uncertainties. That return should also be reasonably sufficient to ensure confidence in the financial soundness of the utility, and adequate, under efficient management, to maintain and support its credit and to enable it to raise the money necessary for the proper discharge of its public duties. The Hope decision reinforces the Bluefield decision and emphasizes that such returns should be sufficient to cover operating expenses and capital costs of the business. The capital cost of business includes debt service and stock dividends. The return should also be commensurate with returns available on alternative investments of comparable risks. However, in applying these
and find that the following long-term debt and preferred stock costs for the utilities are consistent with the law, in the public interest and should be adopted. SCE SDG&E SoCal Gas PG&E Long-term Debt 5.49% 5.00% 5.77% 5.52% Preferred Stock 5.79% 6.22% 6.00% 5.60% Having determined the appropriate long-term debt and preferred stock costs, we address the appropriate ROE. Return on Common Equity The legal standard for setting the fair rate of return has been established by the United States Supreme Court in the Bluefield and Hope cases. The Bluefield decision states that a public utility is entitled to earn a return upon the value of its property employed for the convenience of the public and sets forth parameters to assess a reasonable return. Such return should be equal to that generally being made at the same time and in the same general part of the country on investments in other business undertakings attended by corresponding risks and uncertainties. That return should also be reasonably sufficient to ensure confidence in the financial soundness of the utility, and adequate, under efficient management, to maintain and support its credit and to enable it to raise the money necessary for the proper discharge of its public duties. The Hope decision reinforces the Bluefield decision and emphasizes that such returns should be sufficient to cover operating expenses and capital costs of the business. The capital cost of business includes debt service and stock dividends. The return should also be commensurate with returns available on alternative investments of comparable risks. However, in applying these
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