Echiura All No Pref. Alt. Alt. Pref. Must be narcotised before – – – – – fixation Ectoprocts Cheilostomes and No Pref. Pref. Short time in formalin; can – – – – – – – cyclostomes also air dry Ctenostomes No Pref. Alt. Pref. Alt. – – – – – – All No Pref. Alt. Alt. Pref. Alt. – – – – – Mollusca Bivalves No Pref. Alt. Alt. Pref. Alt. Air dry valves or wedge valves – – – – open to allow formalin entry Aplocophora Yes Alt. Pref. Pref. Pref. – – – – – – Cephalopods Yes Pref. Alt. Pref. – – – – – – – Gastropods: Yes Pref. Alt. Alt. Pref. Air dry after microwaving – – – – – opisthobranchs Polyplacophora No Pref. Pref. Tie flat – – – – – – – Nemertea All No Pref. Alt. Pref. Must be narcotised (see – – – – – – detailed methods) Phoronids All No Alt. Alt. Pref. Alt. Pref. – – – – – Platyhelminthes All Yes Alt. Alt. Pref. Pref. – – – – – – Porifera All Yes Pref. Pref. – – – – – – – – Sipuncula All No Pref. Alt. y Pref. – – – – – – EtOH = ethanol. Pref. = preferred technique. Alt. = alternative technique.
Echiura All No – Pref. – Alt. – Alt. – Pref. – Must be narcotised before fixation Ectoprocts Cheilostomes and cyclostomes No Pref. – – – – – – – Pref. Short time in formalin; can also air dry Ctenostomes No Pref. – – – – Alt. – Pref. Alt. – All No Pref. – – Alt. – Alt. – Pref. Alt. – Mollusca Bivalves No Pref. Alt. Alt. – – – – Pref. Alt. Air dry valves or wedge valves open to allow formalin entry Aplocophora Yes – – Alt. Pref. – Pref. – – Pref. – Cephalopods Yes – – Pref. – – Alt. – – Pref. – Gastropods: opisthobranchs Yes – – Pref. Alt. – Alt. – – Pref. Air dry after microwaving Polyplacophora No Pref. – – – – – – Pref. – Tie flat Nemertea All No – – – Pref. – Alt. – Pref. – Must be narcotised (see detailed methods) Phoronids All No Alt. – Alt. Pref. – Alt. – Pref. – – Platyhelminthes All Yes – – Alt. Alt. – Pref. – Pref. – – Porifera All Yes Pref. – – – – – Pref. – – – Sipuncula All No – – – Pref. – Alt. y Pref. – – EtOH = ethanol. Pref. = preferred technique. Alt. = alternative technique.
empplan-rapid-response-manual-generic.docx