Text Structures Narrative Expository Technical Persuasive Fiction (or Non-Fiction) Non-Fiction Non-Fiction Fiction or Non-Fiction To Entertain To Inform or Explain To Tell How To Convince or Persuade Text Structure Text Structure Text Structure Text Structure Sequence Compare/Contrast Sequence Compare/Contrast Compare/Contrast Compare/Contrast Cause/Effect Description Cause/Effect Description Description Sequence Sequence Definitions Text Organizers Text Organizers Text Organizers Headings/Subheadings Headings Headings Topic Sentences Short/fragmented Topic Sentences Summary Sentence sentences Summary Graphic Features such Numbered/Bulleted call for change as graphs, maps, etc. Lists Graphic features such as graphs, maps, diagrams, etc. Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary Use of Context Clues Use of Context Clues Use of Context Clues Use of Context Clues to determine meaning: to determine meaning: to determine meaning: to determine meaning: definition, restatement, definition, restatement, definition, restatement, definition, restatement, example example example example Use of dictionary or Use of dictionary or Use of dictionary or Use of dictionary or glossary to determine glossary to determine glossary to determine glossary to determine meaning meaning meaning meaning Synonyms Synonyms Antonyms Antonyms Homographs Homographs Homophones Homophones Figurative Language Figurative Language such as: smiles, such as: smiles, metaphors, and metaphors, and idioms. idioms. Elements of Narrative Elements of Expository Elements of Technical Elements of Persuasive Characters (and Topic Sentence Sequential Informed Stand relationship to each Body Bulleted/numbered list Problem/Solution other) Summary Sentence Diagrams Bias/propaganda Setting where & Illustrations Fact/Opinion – when Graphics Bandwagon, Glittering Plot initiating event, Headings & generalities, – problem & resolution Subheadings testimonials, citing Theme/Author’s authority, statistics purpose/Morale Subject oriented of View Proposition/Support – Omniscient, 1st, 2nd, Grades 5 & 8 only – or 3rd person narrator one side of the argument 11th both sides Intro to Problem Background Proposed solution Argument for solution Refutation of opposition Call to action Draw Conclusions Draw Conclusions Draw Conclusions Draw Conclusions Theme Main Idea/Supporting Supporting Details Evoke Change Details
Text Structures Narrative Fiction (or Non-Fiction) Expository Non-Fiction Technical Non-Fiction Persuasive Fiction or Non-Fiction To Entertain To Inform or Explain To Tell How To Convince or Persuade Text Structure Sequence Compare/Contrast Description Text Structure Compare/Contrast Description Sequence Definitions Text Structure Sequence Compare/Contrast Cause/Effect Text Structure Compare/Contrast Cause/Effect Description Sequence Text Organizers Headings/Subheadings Topic Sentences Summary Sentence Graphic Features such as graphs, maps, etc. Text Organizers Headings Short/fragmented sentences Numbered/Bulleted Lists Graphic features such as graphs, maps, diagrams, etc. Text Organizers Headings Topic Sentences Summary call for change Vocabulary Use of Context Clues to determine meaning: definition, restatement, example Use of dictionary or glossary to determine meaning Synonyms Antonyms Homographs Homophones Figurative Language such as: smiles, metaphors, and idioms. Vocabulary Use of Context Clues to determine meaning: definition, restatement, example Use of dictionary or glossary to determine meaning Vocabulary Use of Context Clues to determine meaning: definition, restatement, example Use of dictionary or glossary to determine meaning Vocabulary Use of Context Clues to determine meaning: definition, restatement, example Use of dictionary or glossary to determine meaning Synonyms Antonyms Homographs Homophones Figurative Language such as: smiles, metaphors, and idioms. Elements of Narrative Characters (and relationship to each other) Setting – where & when Plot – initiating event, problem & resolution Theme/Author’s purpose/Morale of View – Omniscient, 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person narrator Elements of Expository Topic Sentence Body Summary Sentence Illustrations Graphics Headings & Subheadings Subject oriented Elements of Technical Sequential Bulleted/numbered list Diagrams Elements of Persuasive Informed Stand Problem/Solution Bias/propaganda Fact/Opinion Bandwagon, Glittering generalities, testimonials, citing authority, statistics Proposition/Support Grades 5 & 8 – only one side of the argument 11th both sides Intro to Problem Background Proposed solution Argument for solution Refutation of opposition Call to action Draw Conclusions Draw Conclusions Draw Conclusions Draw Conclusions Theme Main Idea/Supporting Details Supporting Details Evoke Change
ela-4-expository_text-instr_resrc-other-text_structures_table.docx