after harvest. Plowing destroys the pest and exposes pupae to ground predators and sunlight. Maggots can survive for some time in crop residues. Root flies prefer to lay eggs in the soil that is moist and with high organic matter. Do not plant susceptible crops unless the plant residues are dry and/or completely decomposed by use of composting. Armyworms Use pheromone traps to detect. A preventive seed treatment with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid. Use regular surveillance to detect and quickly armyworm) Spodoptera exempta (African reduce populations before they explode. At least 45 days post-emergence from treated seed, rotate among broadcast sprays with Quickly report outbreaks to MOA; if detected thiamethoxam or imidacloprid, deltamethrin early, the MOA may spray them at no cost. (Fall armyworm, exotic) Spodoptera frugiperda (there is some armyworm resistance known Control weeds around field and in adjacent to deltamethrin) or fenitrothion. fields. On small-scale farms, handpick and destroy If only the leaves of young plants are attacked the egg masses and larvae. (and not the growing point), compensate the If available, spray young caterpillars with damage by applying recommended fertilizers neem-based products before they enter the by the MoA and by irrigating the field so the ears or whorl. plants recover from the attack. Rodents Use regular surveillance to detect and Can use artisanal rat attractants plus quickly reduce populations before they rodenticides: ground avocado seeds, Many mouse and rat species explode. seeds, coconut and salt. Glyricida Control weeds around field. Can use, in a hazard-labeled rodent bait box, synthetic rodenticides Quickly report outbreaks to MOA; if containing bromadialone. detected early, the MOA may spray them at no cost. Place traps in strategic locations (entry
after harvest. Plowing destroys the pest and exposes pupae to ground predators and sunlight. Maggots can survive for some time in crop residues. Root flies prefer to lay eggs in the soil that is moist and with high organic matter. Do not plant susceptible crops unless the plant residues are dry and/or completely decomposed by use of composting. Armyworms Spodoptera exempta (African armyworm) Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall armyworm, exotic) Use pheromone traps to detect. Use regular surveillance to detect and quickly reduce populations before they explode. Quickly report outbreaks to MOA; if detected early, the MOA may spray them at no cost. Control weeds around field and in adjacent fields. If only the leaves of young plants are attacked (and not the growing point), compensate the damage by applying recommended fertilizers by the MoA and by irrigating the field so the plants recover from the attack. A preventive seed treatment with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid. At least 45 days post-emergence from treated seed, rotate among broadcast sprays with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid, deltamethrin (there is some armyworm resistance known to deltamethrin) or fenitrothion. On small-scale farms, handpick and destroy the egg masses and larvae. If available, spray young caterpillars with neem-based products before they enter the ears or whorl. Rodents Many mouse and rat species Use regular surveillance to detect and quickly reduce populations before they explode. Control weeds around field. Quickly report outbreaks to MOA; if detected early, the MOA may spray them at no cost. Place traps in strategic locations (entry Can use artisanal rat attractants plus rodenticides: ground avocado seeds, Glyricida seeds, coconut and salt. Can use, in a hazard-labeled rodent bait box, synthetic rodenticides containing bromadialone.
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