Index 103 in medicine/public health and, Japan 25 aging population, 47 female advantage in, 79 demographic transition analysis, human capital and, 41-42 in 43, 46--48 Japan, 46 fertility rates, 46 in Latin America, 57 industry and technology, 47 life in Mozambique, 62-63 in expectancy, 46 Western Europe, 49 median age, 46, 50 pension system, 47 policy issues, 48 Malthus, Thomas, 2-3 population decline in, 38, 39n Marriage rates, 74 Median poverty rates, 46 age, 26n Jordan, 59, 60 in Europe, 50 in Japan, 46, 50 Medical interventions, 25-26, 71 Kelley, Allen, 18 MENA. See Middle East; North Africa Kenya, 62 Middle East Korea, 46 demographic transition analysis, 43, 59-61 education and training, 60-61 Labor force fertility rates, 59-60 in Japan, 48n life expectancy, 59 social/economic challenges of, 38 in working-age population, 60 sub-Saharan Africa, 48n Migration workers Labor income, and education, 29 Labor in Ireland, 35 market in sub-Saharan Africa, 65-66, 65n, flexibility in, 75 17, 66n in South and Southeast Asia, 56 Minimum wage policies, 75-76 Labor supply, effects on, 39-40 Ministries; 71 Latin America Mortality, declines in changing age structure, 22 contraceptive use and, 69 contraceptive use, 62 demographic demographic transitions and, 25- 39 transition analysis, population growth and, 30, 32 43, 57-59 Mozambique, 62-63 economic growth, 57 Multi-annual cropping, 16 fertility rates, 57, 62 infant mortality rates, 57 life expectancy, 57 Namibia, 62 openness to trade, 57-58, 74-75, NAS. U.S. National Academy of See 75n Sciences policy issues, 59 National savings, 41 Natural population growth, 57 resources, 19, 39n working-age population, 58 Neutralist population theory, 17-20, 81 Latvia, 66 New Zealand, demographic transition Legislation, antidiscrimination, 73 Llfe analysis, 43, 49-51 cycle income, and consumption, 20-21 Llfe expectancy
Index 103 Japan aging population, 47 demographic transition analysis, 43, 46--48 fertility rates, 46 industry and technology, 47 life expectancy, 46 median age, 46, 50 pension system, 47 policy issues, 48 population decline in, 38, 39n poverty rates, 46 Jordan, 59, 60 Kelley, Allen, 18 Kenya, 62 Korea, 46 Labor force in Japan, 48n social/economic challenges of, 38 in sub-Saharan Africa, 48n Labor income, and education, 29 Labor market flexibility in, 17, 75 in South and Southeast Asia, 56 Labor supply, effects on, 39-40 Latin America changing age structure, 22 contraceptive use, 62 demographic transition analysis, 43, 57-59 economic growth, 57 fertility rates, 57, 62 infant mortality rates, 57 life expectancy, 57 openness to trade, 57-58, 74-75, 75n policy issues, 59 population growth, 57 working-age population, 58 Latvia, 66 Legislation, antidiscrimination, 73 Llfe cycle income, and consumption, 20-21 Llfe expectancy in medicine/public health and, 25 female advantage in, 79 human capital and, 41-42 in Japan, 46 in Latin America, 57 in Mozambique, 62-63 in Western Europe, 49 Malthus, Thomas, 2-3 Marriage rates, 74 Median age, 26n in Europe, 50 in Japan, 46, 50 Medical interventions, 25-26, 71 MENA. See Middle East; North Africa Middle East demographic transition analysis, 43, 59-61 education and training, 60-61 fertility rates, 59-60 life expectancy, 59 working-age population, 60 Migration workers in Ireland, 35 in sub-Saharan Africa, 65-66, 65n, 66n Minimum wage policies, 75-76 Ministries; 71 Mortality, declines in contraceptive use and, 69 demographic transitions and, 25- 39 population growth and, 30, 32 Mozambique, 62-63 Multi-annual cropping, 16 Namibia, 62 NAS. See U.S. National Academy of Sciences National savings, 41 Natural resources, 19, 39n Neutralist population theory, 17-20, 81 New Zealand, demographic transition analysis, 43, 49-51
4-Bloom-DemographicDivdend2003-Chap-2-and-3.docx