shut down easily and are simply throttle-able. The theoretical performance of hybrids is generally higher than solids and roughly equivalent to liquids. as high as 400s has been measured in a hybrid rocket Isp using metalized fuels.Hybrid systems are slightly more complex than solids, but the of manufacturing, shipping and handling solids offset the system simplicity advantages. In its simplest form a hybrid rocket consists of a (tank) containing the liquid , the containing the solid, and a valve isolating the two. When thrust is desired, a suitable ignition source is introduced in the combustion chamber and the valve is opened. The liquid propellant (or gas) flows into the combustion chamber where it is vaporized and then reacted with the solid propellant. occurs in a adjacent to the surface of the solid propellant.Generally the liquid propellant is the and the solid propellant is the because solid oxidizers are and than liquid oxidizers. Furthermore, using a solid fuel such as or allows for the incorporation of high-energy fuel additives such as , , or.Common oxidizers include gaseous or liquid or . Common fuels include such as , such as or liquefying fuels such as . 5.3) Liquid-propellant rocket A liquid-propellant rocket or a liquid rocket is a with an that uses in form. Liquids are desirable because their reasonably high density allows the volume of the propellant tanks to be relatively low, and it is possible to use lightweight pumps to pump the propellant from the tanks into the engines, which means that the propellants can be kept under low pressure. This permits the use of low mass propellant tanks, permitting a high for the rocket. Liquid rockets have been built as using a single type of propellant, using two types of propellant, or more exotic using three types of propellant. Bipropellant liquid rockets generally use one liquid and one liquid , such as or a hydrocarbon fuel such as , and . This example also shows that liquid-propellant rockets sometimes use , where fuel or oxidizer are gases liquefied at very low temperatures. Liquid propellants are also sometimes used in , in which they are combined with a solid or gaseous propellant. 5.4) Air-augmented rockets
shut down easily and are simply throttle-able. The theoretical performance of hybrids is generally higher than solids and roughly equivalent to liquids. Isp as high as 400s has been measured in a hybrid rocket using metalized fuels.Hybrid systems are slightly more complex than solids, but the of manufacturing, shipping and handling solids offset the system simplicity advantages. In its simplest form a hybrid rocket consists of a (tank) containing the liquid , the containing the solid, and a valve isolating the two. When thrust is desired, a suitable ignition source is introduced in the combustion chamber and the valve is opened. The liquid propellant (or gas) flows into the combustion chamber where it is vaporized and then reacted with the solid propellant. occurs in a adjacent to the surface of the solid propellant.Generally the liquid propellant is the and the solid propellant is the because solid oxidizers are and than liquid oxidizers. Furthermore, using a solid fuel such as or allows for the incorporation of high-energy fuel additives such as , , or.Common oxidizers include gaseous or liquid or . Common fuels include such as , such as or liquefying fuels such as . 5.3) Liquid-propellant rocket A liquid-propellant rocket or a liquid rocket is a with an that uses in form. Liquids are desirable because their reasonably high density allows the volume of the propellant tanks to be relatively low, and it is possible to use lightweight pumps to pump the propellant from the tanks into the engines, which means that the propellants can be kept under low pressure. This permits the use of low mass propellant tanks, permitting a high for the rocket. Liquid rockets have been built as using a single type of propellant, using two types of propellant, or more exotic using three types of propellant. Bipropellant liquid rockets generally use one liquid and one liquid , such as or a hydrocarbon fuel such as , and . This example also shows that liquid-propellant rockets sometimes use , where fuel or oxidizer are gases liquefied at very low temperatures. Liquid propellants are also sometimes used in , in which they are combined with a solid or gaseous propellant. 5.4) Air-augmented rockets
67451186-Rocket-Propulsion-Report-Final.docx