Bus Rapid Transit in City program for Improved air Involves large Institutional: Fragmented Hanoi Urban Transport five major cities construction of BRT system pollution; trade investments that are planning process Project (GEF) (P083593); (0.57 tCO2e/yr) for Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh facilitation; road typically marginal or Financial: Financing for possible support to BRT in to replace 30% of safety improvement not profitable; not urban transport Danang motorcycles and 30% cars in undertaken in Vietnam infrastructure is below the city (0.53 tCO2-e/yr) targets Passenger vehicle EU standards (from five Improved air At the consumer level Regulatory: Fuel fuel efficiency years ago) met in HCMC pollution can be profitable efficiency standards are standards (3.7 and Hanoi (2.0 MtCO2e/yr) expenditures with not in place MtCO2e/yr) limited fuel subsidies and high fuel prices; costs associated with financial incentives for retiring old low energy fleets and enforcing energy efficiency standards WASTE Low Increasing centralized Improved water Can be profitable with Many WB projects finance wastewater treatment to quality and right institutions urban wastewater treatment technologies in 50% with aerobic sludge sanitation and some are piloting low urban wastewater treatment; land farming of methane technologies (1.32 MtCO2e/yr) 100% sludge from centralized wastewater treatment plants; desludging and aerobic treatment of 50% of septic tanks for five major cities (0.3MtCO2e/yr)
Bus Rapid Transit in five major cities (0.57 tCO2e/yr) City program for construction of BRT system for Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh to replace 30% of motorcycles and 30% cars in the city (0.53 tCO2-e/yr) Improved air pollution; trade facilitation; road safety improvement Involves large investments that are typically marginal or not profitable; not undertaken in Vietnam Institutional: Fragmented planning process Financial: Financing for urban transport infrastructure is below targets Hanoi Urban Transport Project (GEF) (P083593); possible support to BRT in Danang Passenger vehicle fuel efficiency standards (3.7 MtCO2e/yr) EU standards (from five years ago) met in HCMC and Hanoi (2.0 MtCO2e/yr) Improved air pollution At the consumer level can be profitable expenditures with limited fuel subsidies and high fuel prices; costs associated with financial incentives for retiring old low energy fleets and enforcing energy efficiency standards Regulatory: Fuel efficiency standards are not in place WASTE Low technologies in urban wastewater (1.32 MtCO2e/yr) Increasing centralized wastewater treatment to 50% with aerobic sludge treatment; land farming of 100% sludge from centralized wastewater treatment plants; desludging and aerobic treatment of 50% of septic tanks for five major cities (0.3MtCO2e/yr) Improved water quality and sanitation Can be profitable with right institutions Many WB projects finance urban wastewater treatment and some are piloting low methane technologies
677080WP00PUBL0C0Strategy0VN0Final.docx