Kingdom, where in 2014 alone the influx of Romanian immigrants increased by approximately 30%. Thus, during 2014 the number of Romanian immigrants in Germany increased from 267,398 to 355,398 (an increase of 33% yoy) and in the United Kingdom the recorded increase of Romanian immigrants was from 135,000 to 175,000 (an increase of 30% yoy). In fact, part of the increase of Romanian immigrants can also be justified by the existence of illegal workers, which were already present in both countries before 1st of January 2014, when the work restrictions imposed for the Romanian and Bulgarian workers were lifted. Figure 1. Stock of Romanians residing in another EU Member State Source: Eurostat Against this background, for the first time after 1968, the Romanian population has declined below 20 million. Nowadays, the Romanian immigrants are the biggest foreign community in Italy and Spain and, at the beginning of 2014, only within the EU there were residing more than 2.4 million Romanians, an increase of 12% compared to 2012 and 120% compared to 2007. While 66% of the Romanian population decline is explained by emigration, 33% is explained by the negative natural population growth. At the same time, the significant share of emigrants (75%) is formed by the age group between 24-65 years (Romanian National Institute of Statistics, 2014). In this context, demographic aging is another significant negative effect of emigration. From 2002 to 2013 the median age of the population raised from 37.8 years to 40.9 years. Moreover, the share of the elderly (above 65 years) is higher than the share of the youngest (0-14 years). The immigration phenomenon is almost inexistent in Romania. According to the United Nation’s database, the of immigrants for 2013 is estimated to be around 198,000 (less than 1% of the total population). Roughly half of the total immigrants are family members of a Romanian or EU citizen. One
Kingdom, where in 2014 alone the influx of Romanian immigrants increased by approximately 30%. Thus, during 2014 the number of Romanian immigrants in Germany increased from 267,398 to 355,398 (an increase of 33% yoy) and in the United Kingdom the recorded increase of Romanian immigrants was from 135,000 to 175,000 (an increase of 30% yoy). In fact, part of the increase of Romanian immigrants can also be justified by the existence of illegal workers, which were already present in both countries before 1st of January 2014, when the work restrictions imposed for the Romanian and Bulgarian workers were lifted. Figure 1. Stock of Romanians residing in another EU Member State Source: Eurostat Against this background, for the first time after 1968, the Romanian population has declined below 20 million. Nowadays, the Romanian immigrants are the biggest foreign community in Italy and Spain and, at the beginning of 2014, only within the EU there were residing more than 2.4 million Romanians, an increase of 12% compared to 2012 and 120% compared to 2007. While 66% of the Romanian population decline is explained by emigration, 33% is explained by the negative natural population growth. At the same time, the significant share of emigrants (75%) is formed by the age group between 24-65 years (Romanian National Institute of Statistics, 2014). In this context, demographic aging is another significant negative effect of emigration. From 2002 to 2013 the median age of the population raised from 37.8 years to 40.9 years. Moreover, the share of the elderly (above 65 years) is higher than the share of the youngest (0-14 years). The immigration phenomenon is almost inexistent in Romania. According to the United Nation’s database, the of immigrants for 2013 is estimated to be around 198,000 (less than 1% of the total population). Roughly half of the total immigrants are family members of a Romanian or EU citizen. One
Emigration-impact-on-the-Romanian-economy-in-the-context-of-the-most-recent-economic-and-financial-crisis-Ciupureanu.docx