Do intercropping and interplanting crops Use yellow sticky traps for monitoring. For vector control: After the last harvest, destroy all crop residues. Use seed treated with imidacloprid Ensure good growing conditions for the crop. Avoid application of high doses of nitrogen fertilizer. neem seed extract garlic extract chili extract acetamiprid spinosad Powdery mildew, Erysiphe spp Use resistant varieties No reasonable treatment threshold found. Remove weeds. Avoid late-season applications of nitrogen fertilizer. neem seed extract Avoid overhead watering. azoxystrobin Remove and destroy all infected plant parts. tebuconazole trifloxystrobin kresoxim-methyl Seedling damping off fungi, Avoid excessive irrigation to reduce humidity around the No reasonable treatment threshold found. Pythium spp, Rhizoctonia solani plants. Seed treatment with: Monitor the field regularly for disease-affected seedlings. Trichoderma viride Remove and destroy affected seedlings. thiram mancozeb Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci Natural enemies such as minute pirate bugs, lacewing or No reasonable treatment threshold found. predatory thrips control thrips in the crop. Eliminate other host plants on or near the crop. Use seed treated with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid Sanitation: Remove and destroy infested crop residues. Beauveria bassiana neem seed extract garlic extract chili extract acetamiprid malathion Head borer, Helicoverpa armigera Check for and conserve natural predators and parasites No reasonable treatment threshold found. that can control large numbers of Helicoverpa larvae. Use insect pheromone traps near the field to monitor for Use seed treated with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid presence, to know when to monitor for eggs. neem seed extract Two weeks before planting, remove weeds and grasses to garlic extract destroy larvae and adults harboring in those weeds and Bacillus thuringiensis/BT
Do intercropping and interplanting crops Use yellow sticky traps for monitoring. After the last harvest, destroy all crop residues. Ensure good growing conditions for the crop. Avoid application of high doses of nitrogen fertilizer. For vector control: Use seed treated with imidacloprid neem seed extract garlic extract chili extract acetamiprid spinosad Powdery mildew, Erysiphe spp Use resistant varieties Remove weeds. Avoid late-season applications of nitrogen fertilizer. Avoid overhead watering. Remove and destroy all infected plant parts. No reasonable treatment threshold found. neem seed extract azoxystrobin tebuconazole trifloxystrobin kresoxim-methyl Seedling damping off fungi, Pythium spp, Rhizoctonia solani Avoid excessive irrigation to reduce humidity around the plants. Monitor the field regularly for disease-affected seedlings. Remove and destroy affected seedlings. No reasonable treatment threshold found. Seed treatment with: Trichoderma viride thiram mancozeb Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci Natural enemies such as minute pirate bugs, lacewing or predatory thrips control thrips in the crop. Eliminate other host plants on or near the crop. Sanitation: Remove and destroy infested crop residues. No reasonable treatment threshold found. Use seed treated with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid Beauveria bassiana neem seed extract garlic extract chili extract acetamiprid malathion Head borer, Helicoverpa armigera Check for and conserve natural predators and parasites that can control large numbers of Helicoverpa larvae. Use insect pheromone traps near the field to monitor for presence, to know when to monitor for eggs. Two weeks before planting, remove weeds and grasses to destroy larvae and adults harboring in those weeds and No reasonable treatment threshold found. Use seed treated with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid neem seed extract garlic extract Bacillus thuringiensis/BT
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