A one-year rotation away from maize, followed by tillage is recommended to prevent disease development in the subsequent maize crop. In no-till or reduced-till fields with a history of gray leaf spot, a two-year rotation out of maize may be needed to reduce the amount of disease in the following maize crop. Black smut / Kalo poke, Ustilago Use resistant or tolerant varieties or hybrids. No reasonable treatment threshold found. maydis f. sp. zeae and Maintain soil and plant health (test these with lab tests). Sphacelotheca reiliana Rotate maize with other crops. Use seed treated with thiram Destroy smutted plant parts by removal and burning. difenoconazole Avoid planting in humid conditions. mancozeb metalaxyl Lentils Hairy caterpillar, Spilosoma Use resistant varieties. No reasonable treatment threshold found. obliqua Natural enemies like ground beetles, spiders, damsel bugs, minute pirate bugs, assassin bugs, big-eyed bugs, and dimethoate lacewing larvae naturally control tiger moth larvae. acephate Parasitic wasp species Trichogramma, Copidosoma, imidacloprid Apanteles, Diadegma, and Hyposoter sting and parasitize artisanal or commercial neem seed extract/azadirachtins eggs and larvae. artisanal garlic extract Monitor frequently and handpick larvae. artisanal chili extract Bacillus thuringiensis/BT indoxacarb chlorantraniliprole carbaryl pyrethrins lufenuron Aphids, Aphis craccivora, A. faba Use resistant varieties. No reasonable treatment threshold found. Many predators and parasites attack aphids, especially in fields that are not sprayed or sprayed with less toxic Seed treatments with materials. Common predators of aphids in grams include imidacloprid lady beetles, syrphid flies, and green lacewings. These and acetamiprid parasitoids generally keep aphid populations under control. Monitor the crop regularly. artisanal or commercial neem seed extract/azadirachtins Use regular monitoring with yellow sticky traps. artisanal garlic extract Remove infested culls and weedy species around fields that artisanal chili extract may harbor the aphid between crops. dimethoate
A one-year rotation away from maize, followed by tillage is recommended to prevent disease development in the subsequent maize crop. In no-till or reduced-till fields with a history of gray leaf spot, a two-year rotation out of maize may be needed to reduce the amount of disease in the following maize crop. Black smut / Kalo poke, Ustilago maydis f. sp. zeae and Sphacelotheca reiliana Use resistant or tolerant varieties or hybrids. Maintain soil and plant health (test these with lab tests). Rotate maize with other crops. Destroy smutted plant parts by removal and burning. Avoid planting in humid conditions. No reasonable treatment threshold found. Use seed treated with thiram difenoconazole mancozeb metalaxyl Lentils Hairy caterpillar, Spilosoma obliqua Use resistant varieties. Natural enemies like ground beetles, spiders, damsel bugs, minute pirate bugs, assassin bugs, big-eyed bugs, and lacewing larvae naturally control tiger moth larvae. Parasitic wasp species Trichogramma, Copidosoma, Apanteles, Diadegma, and Hyposoter sting and parasitize eggs and larvae. Monitor frequently and handpick larvae. No reasonable treatment threshold found. dimethoate acephate imidacloprid artisanal or commercial neem seed extract/azadirachtins artisanal garlic extract artisanal chili extract Bacillus thuringiensis/BT indoxacarb chlorantraniliprole carbaryl pyrethrins lufenuron Aphids, Aphis craccivora, A. faba Use resistant varieties. Many predators and parasites attack aphids, especially in fields that are not sprayed or sprayed with less toxic materials. Common predators of aphids in grams include lady beetles, syrphid flies, and green lacewings. These and parasitoids generally keep aphid populations under control. Monitor the crop regularly. Use regular monitoring with yellow sticky traps. Remove infested culls and weedy species around fields that may harbor the aphid between crops. No reasonable treatment threshold found. Seed treatments with imidacloprid acetamiprid artisanal or commercial neem seed extract/azadirachtins artisanal garlic extract artisanal chili extract dimethoate
51336.docx