The experimental data for response surface models were collected from previous flare study reports: Flare Efficiency study by McDaniel (1983) [2], Evaluation of efficiency of Industrial flares by Pohl, Payne & Lee (1984) [3], 2010 TCEQ Flare study final report [4, 5]. The details of the data used for modeling is shown in Table IV. The purpose of this work is to develop a reasonably good model based on the experimental data which can be further used to predict both CE and DE under different scenarios. The models were developed in terms of measurable operating variables: vent gas heating values/ compositions, exit tip velocity, and assist rates. Combustion zone heating value is also an important input variable: Where QVG: Volume flow rate of vent gas (scf/hr) Qf: Volume flow rate of supplementary fuel (scf/hr) Q a: Volume flow rate of assisted air (scf/hr) Q s: Volume flow rate of assisted steam (scf/hr) NHVVG: Net Heating Value of vent gas (BTU/scf) NHVf: Net Heating Value of the supplementary gas (BTU/scf) NHVCZ: Combustion Zone Heating Value (BTU/scf) xeff : Effective fraction (effective fraction of air-assist that causes the dilution), 2% is proposed for 2010 JZ Tulsa tests Table IV Data Range used for modeling Exit Report # data Tip NHVCZ Fuel CE % DE % velocity year points diameter(in) (BTU/scf) (ft/s) 1983 2 Propylene 5.86 99.99 14-25 1984 58 Propane/Nitrogen 3, 6, 12 291-2099 2010 89 Propylene/TNG/Nitrogen 36 0.4-2 95-405 General Quadratic Models Since soot emission was not considered for the CE calculations in the 1983/1984/2010 flare studies, corrections were made based on soot data provided by ARI and designated as "corrected CE" or CCE [2-7]. In this work, quadratic response surface (RS) models between DRE/CE/soot emission and the design/operating parameters were developed based on the 2010 TCEQ flare study and 1983/1984 EPA test data using Minitab and MATLAB statistics toolbox [2-7,22-27]. The general quadratic response surface models were developed and given in Table V:
The experimental data for response surface models were collected from previous flare study reports: Flare Efficiency study by McDaniel (1983) [2], Evaluation of efficiency of Industrial flares by Pohl, Payne & Lee (1984) [3], 2010 TCEQ Flare study final report [4, 5]. The details of the data used for modeling is shown in Table IV. The purpose of this work is to develop a reasonably good model based on the experimental data which can be further used to predict both CE and DE under different scenarios. The models were developed in terms of measurable operating variables: vent gas heating values/ compositions, exit tip velocity, and assist rates. Combustion zone heating value is also an important input variable: Where QVG: Volume flow rate of vent gas (scf/hr) Qf: Volume flow rate of supplementary fuel (scf/hr) Q a: Volume flow rate of assisted air (scf/hr) Q s: Volume flow rate of assisted steam (scf/hr) NHVVG: Net Heating Value of vent gas (BTU/scf) NHVf: Net Heating Value of the supplementary gas (BTU/scf) NHVCZ: Combustion Zone Heating Value (BTU/scf) xeff : Effective fraction (effective fraction of air-assist that causes the dilution), 2% is proposed for 2010 JZ Tulsa tests Table IV Data Range used for modeling Report year # data points Fuel Tip diameter(in) CE % DE % Exit velocity (ft/s) NHVCZ (BTU/scf) 1983 2 Propylene 5.86 99.99 14-25 1984 58 Propane/Nitrogen 3, 6, 12 291-2099 2010 89 Propylene/TNG/Nitrogen 36 0.4-2 95-405 General Quadratic Models Since soot emission was not considered for the CE calculations in the 1983/1984/2010 flare studies, corrections were made based on soot data provided by ARI and designated as "corrected CE" or CCE [2-7]. In this work, quadratic response surface (RS) models between DRE/CE/soot emission and the design/operating parameters were developed based on the 2010 TCEQ flare study and 1983/1984 EPA test data using Minitab and MATLAB statistics toolbox [2-7,22-27]. The general quadratic response surface models were developed and given in Table V:
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