Pod borers The young larvae usually attack buds and Cultural practices: Emamectin benzoate flowers and older ones bore into maturing Intercropping, time of sowing, spacing, water/nutrition pods. management, and crop rotation Lambda cyhalothrin Helicoverpa armigera, Maruca vitrata Planting resistant and/or tolerant cultivars Thiamethoxam The Pod borers destroy buds, flowers, and pods on crop. If flowers and pods are not available, Use of organic pesticides, such as extracts of neem seed kernel, Indoxacarb larvae will feed upon foliage. Larvae prefer to tephrosia, pongamia, chili/garlic, and others feed on the protein-rich seeds within the pods. Natural biological control by manipulating natural enemy Seeds in the damaged pods are totally or populations, such as predator bugs and parasitoid wasps partially eaten out by the larvae. The damage sometimes causes greater than 80% yield loss. Use of cropping system with plants that provide shelter, pollen and nectar for natural enemy’s optimization Pod sucking bug Both nymph and adult suck sap from the Destruction of debris, crop residues, weeds, and other alternate Spinosad/ Spinetoram Clavigralla spp. developing seeds through the pod wall. hosts Lambda cyhalothrin Deep summer ploughing Infested pods show pale yellow patches, and Imidacloprid seeds shrivel up and lose germination ability. Adoption of proper crop rotation and avoid growing of cucurbit crops in sequence Use of resistant and tolerant varieties Conservation and augmentation of natural enemies to manage the pest population should be done Powdery mildew The initial symptoms develop as small chloritic Select fields away from perennial pigeonpeas affected with the Sulphur spots on the upper surface of individual leaves. disease. Remove infected leaves to reduce the spread and clean up beds Oidiopsis taurica Subsequently the corresponding lower surfaces develop white powdery patches. Severe infections result in heavy defoliation.
Pod borers Helicoverpa armigera, Maruca vitrata The young larvae usually attack buds and flowers and older ones bore into maturing pods. The Pod borers destroy buds, flowers, and pods on crop. If flowers and pods are not available, larvae will feed upon foliage. Larvae prefer to feed on the protein-rich seeds within the pods. Seeds in the damaged pods are totally or partially eaten out by the larvae. The damage sometimes causes greater than 80% yield loss. Cultural practices: Intercropping, time of sowing, spacing, water/nutrition management, and crop rotation Planting resistant and/or tolerant cultivars Use of organic pesticides, such as extracts of neem seed kernel, tephrosia, pongamia, chili/garlic, and others Natural biological control by manipulating natural enemy populations, such as predator bugs and parasitoid wasps Use of cropping system with plants that provide shelter, pollen and nectar for natural enemy’s optimization Emamectin benzoate Lambda cyhalothrin Thiamethoxam Indoxacarb Pod sucking bug Clavigralla spp. Both nymph and adult suck sap from the developing seeds through the pod wall. Infested pods show pale yellow patches, and seeds shrivel up and lose germination ability. Destruction of debris, crop residues, weeds, and other alternate hosts Deep summer ploughing Adoption of proper crop rotation and avoid growing of cucurbit crops in sequence Use of resistant and tolerant varieties Conservation and augmentation of natural enemies to manage the pest population should be done Spinosad/ Spinetoram Lambda cyhalothrin Imidacloprid Powdery mildew Oidiopsis taurica The initial symptoms develop as small chloritic spots on the upper surface of individual leaves. Subsequently the corresponding lower surfaces develop white powdery patches. Severe infections result in heavy defoliation. Select fields away from perennial pigeonpeas affected with the disease. Remove infected leaves to reduce the spread and clean up beds Sulphur
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