Table 8.1 Environmental and Social Priorities Matrix for WMDP General theme Sector trends Drivers Significance Priority E&S actions for the WMDP Social, Environment and Natural Resources Land degradation An additional 5.7% of Uganda’s Increased population growth that The ESMF will provide screening tools to land area is under cultivation as is still predominantly rural and identify and mitigate potential E&S compared to 1990. agricultural, as well as indirect impacts related to proposed Land degradation is evident in pressures such as lack of interventions. Through the Project’s many of the country with institutional capacity at district Subcomponent 1.3 (Kalagala Offset Medium about 36% of Uganda’s lands level to manage wetlands, Sustainable Management Plan), affected by severe land ignorance of the law and weak interventions will aim to mitigate against degradation and 10% by very enforcement mechanisms. this trend in the offset area. severe land degradation. Land conversion Water resources Recent estimates of current and Uneven spatial and temporal Subcomponent 1.1 and Component 2 will management future use indicate that total distribution of the water resources mitigate potential negative impacts water use will triple from 797 coupled with the ever increasing associated with proposed UWSS MCM per year to 2,133 MCM per pressure exerted on the resource interventions using the ESMF tools. In year. By 2035, water use will by rapid population growth, addition, the Project will provide constitute about a fifth of net increased urbanization and awareness raising on sustainable water water availability. Projections for industrialization, uncontrolled use as part of the ESMF capacity 2035 indicate that use of water for environmental degradation and building initiatives. agriculture is expected to double. pollution. The Project should aim to develop a High However, the percentage of total good groundwater knowledge base in call water use by agriculture declines districts and extend surface water, from 48% to 32% because of the groundwater (level and monitoring) high growth in drinking water use networks, including water quality. in rural areas, small towns, cities, and fisheries.
Table 8.1 Environmental and Social Priorities Matrix for WMDP General theme Sector trends Drivers Significance Priority E&S actions for the WMDP Social, Environment and Natural Resources Land degradation An additional 5.7% of Uganda’s land area is under cultivation as compared to 1990. Land degradation is evident in many of the country with about 36% of Uganda’s lands affected by severe land degradation and 10% by very severe land degradation. Land conversion Increased population growth that is still predominantly rural and agricultural, as well as indirect pressures such as lack of institutional capacity at district level to manage wetlands, ignorance of the law and weak enforcement mechanisms. Medium The ESMF will provide screening tools to identify and mitigate potential E&S impacts related to proposed interventions. Through the Project’s Subcomponent 1.3 (Kalagala Offset Sustainable Management Plan), interventions will aim to mitigate against this trend in the offset area. Water resources management Recent estimates of current and future use indicate that total water use will triple from 797 MCM per year to 2,133 MCM per year. By 2035, water use will constitute about a fifth of net water availability. Projections for 2035 indicate that use of water for agriculture is expected to double. However, the percentage of total water use by agriculture declines from 48% to 32% because of the high growth in drinking water use in rural areas, small towns, cities, and fisheries. Uneven spatial and temporal distribution of the water resources coupled with the ever increasing pressure exerted on the resource by rapid population growth, increased urbanization and industrialization, uncontrolled environmental degradation and pollution. High Subcomponent 1.1 and Component 2 will mitigate potential negative impacts associated with proposed UWSS interventions using the ESMF tools. In addition, the Project will provide awareness raising on sustainable water use as part of the ESMF capacity building initiatives. The Project should aim to develop a good groundwater knowledge base in call districts and extend surface water, groundwater (level and monitoring) networks, including water quality.
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