Development- the process of improving the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology. More developed country- (MDC) a country that has progressed relatively far on the development continuum. Also relatively developed country; developed country. Less developed country- (LDC) a country in an earlier stage of development. Also developing country. Gross Domestic Product- (GDP) the value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country per year. Literacy rate- the percentage of a country’s people who can read and write. Human Development Index- (HDI) the official that the U.N. uses to classify “scorebook” countries’ development as distinguished by its economic, social, and demographic factors. The economic factor is a country’s GDP per capita; the social factors are literacy rate and the amount of education; the demographic factor is life expectancy. (The country with the highest HDI has been Norway at .944. Others have been Canada, Japan, U.S.A., and various W. Europe countries. The lowest ranking HDI was recorded in Sierra Leone with a .275. The other global lows are clustered in sub-Saharan Africa.) The different of jobs are classified into three major sectors, all of which will be discussed in greater detail in later chapters. -Primary sector jobs are those that are involved in directly extracting materials from the Earth, i.e. ag, mining, fishing. -Secondary sector jobs are manufacturing jobs. -Tertiary sector jobs involve the provision of goods and services to people in exchange for payment. This sector is subdivided into quaternary (businesses like trade, insurance, banking) and quinary (health, research, govt.) In MDC’s the number of primary and secondary sector jobs have decreased the tertiary sector has increased enormously. In LDC’s the number of primary sector workers may be exceed 75% in countries where individuals must actively engage in subsistence farming. Productivity- the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it. Value added- the gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy. Both productivity and value added are higher in MDC’s where manufacturing is far more efficient. Generally, those countries that have had abundant resources stood a better chance to develop than those that have had few resources. However, some countries, like Japan or Switzerland have achieved superb development w/out many resources, primarily through world trade.
Development- the process of improving the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology. More developed country- (MDC) a country that has progressed relatively far on the development continuum. Also relatively developed country; developed country. Less developed country- (LDC) a country in an earlier stage of development. Also developing country. Gross Domestic Product- (GDP) the value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country per year. Literacy rate- the percentage of a country’s people who can read and write. Human Development Index- (HDI) the official “scorebook” that the U.N. uses to classify countries’ development as distinguished by its economic, social, and demographic factors. The economic factor is a country’s GDP per capita; the social factors are literacy rate and the amount of education; the demographic factor is life expectancy. (The country with the highest HDI has been Norway at .944. Others have been Canada, Japan, U.S.A., and various W. Europe countries. The lowest ranking HDI was recorded in Sierra Leone with a .275. The other global lows are clustered in sub-Saharan Africa.) The different of jobs are classified into three major sectors, all of which will be discussed in greater detail in later chapters. -Primary sector jobs are those that are involved in directly extracting materials from the Earth, i.e. ag, mining, fishing. -Secondary sector jobs are manufacturing jobs. -Tertiary sector jobs involve the provision of goods and services to people in exchange for payment. This sector is subdivided into quaternary (businesses like trade, insurance, banking) and quinary (health, research, govt.) In MDC’s the number of primary and secondary sector jobs have decreased the tertiary sector has increased enormously. In LDC’s the number of primary sector workers may be exceed 75% in countries where individuals must actively engage in subsistence farming. Productivity- the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it. Value added- the gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy. Both productivity and value added are higher in MDC’s where manufacturing is far more efficient. Generally, those countries that have had abundant resources stood a better chance to develop than those that have had few resources. However, some countries, like Japan or Switzerland have achieved superb development w/out many resources, primarily through world trade.
Crash-Course.docx