Point mutation (substitution) ________ adding ________ switching parts ex: Change in _________ in DNA abba ____________ breaking off Many occur from improper ________ Example: CGATTACGC (normal DNA) during meiosis (_________) CGATTTCGC (mutated DNA) Causes of mutations: Albinism ___________ or random mutations _________ (things that cause ________) Frameshift mutation N-base is ______ or ________ Changes all ________ from that point Source of _______________________ on Example: CGATTACGC Gene Regulation CGAATTACGC (N-base added) Certain DNA sequences serve as _______ Example: CGATTACGC (binding sites for _____ polymerase) CGTTACGC (N-base deleted) Prokaryotes (Ex: E. coli) May cause no problems or can be Group of 3 genes that are turned on and severe More ___________ than point off together (called an ________) mutations E. coli uses _______ as food Chromosomal mutations Genes must be expressed called Involve many _________ __________ Usually very _______ Lac genes turned off by ________ (binds Can change location of genes or to ________) number of copies Involve changes in number or structure Prevents __________ of its genes of chromosomes Lac genes turned ____ by presence of 4 types: _______ ________ taking away
Point mutation (substitution) Change in _________ in DNA Example: CGATTACGC (normal DNA) CGATTTCGC (mutated DNA) Albinism Frameshift mutation N-base is ______ or ________ Changes all ________ from that point on Example: CGATTACGC CGAATTACGC (N-base added) Example: CGATTACGC CGTTACGC (N-base deleted) May cause no problems or can be severe More ___________ than point mutations Chromosomal mutations Involve many _________ Usually very _______ Can change location of genes or number of copies Involve changes in number or structure of chromosomes 4 types: ________ taking away ________ adding ________ switching parts ex: abba ____________ breaking off Many occur from improper ________ during meiosis (_________) Causes of mutations: ___________ or random mutations _________ (things that cause ________) Source of _______________________ Gene Regulation Certain DNA sequences serve as _______ (binding sites for _____ polymerase) Prokaryotes (Ex: E. coli) Group of 3 genes that are turned on and off together (called an ________) E. coli uses _______ as food Genes must be expressed called __________ Lac genes turned off by ________ (binds to ________) Prevents __________ of its genes Lac genes turned ____ by presence of _______
DNA%20Notes%20Walker.docx