% of pastures and rangeland have deteriorated on a global scale (Steinfeld 2006). Thus, the et al., cumulative impacts of forest eradication and land degradation have resulted in the loss of a beneficial carbon sink, reducing the global capacity for natural uptake of CO2 (Steinfeld et al., 2006). In the United Kingdom, a more centrally focused study found that inclusion of consumption-induced land-use change increased the environmental footprint of the entire food system by 50 %. Moreover, roughly 75 % of land-use change emissions in the UK were attributable to livestock alone (Audsley 2009). et al., The world has entered into a land-system change planetary boundary of uncertainty, with substantial reductions in original forest cover (Steffen 2015). Consequently, industrial et al., livestock agriculture must be reduced to limit further land-system change and degradation, and provide an opportunity for regrowth of a former naturally occurring CO2 sink. Likewise, a reduction in livestock agriculture is necessary to achieve the aforementioned targets set forth at COP21 this past year. iii. Water Depletion is an integral part of the planet; it forms the basis of social and economic activity, ecosystems, and life itself. Without water, we cannot survive. Though global freshwater use is still within its planetary limits (Steffen 2015), there is worry that exponential population et al., growth coupled with anthropogenic reliance on water, will push the freshwater resource past its boundary in many regions. Globally, agriculture consumes 70% of anthropogenic freshwater withdrawals (WWAP, 2012). However, water requirements vary substantially for differing foods, forage crops for
% of pastures and rangeland have deteriorated on a global scale (Steinfeld et al., 2006). Thus, the cumulative impacts of forest eradication and land degradation have resulted in the loss of a beneficial carbon sink, reducing the global capacity for natural uptake of CO2 (Steinfeld et al., 2006). In the United Kingdom, a more centrally focused study found that inclusion of consumption-induced land-use change increased the environmental footprint of the entire food system by 50 %. Moreover, roughly 75 % of land-use change emissions in the UK were attributable to livestock alone (Audsley et al., 2009). The world has entered into a land-system change planetary boundary of uncertainty, with substantial reductions in original forest cover (Steffen et al., 2015). Consequently, industrial livestock agriculture must be reduced to limit further land-system change and degradation, and provide an opportunity for regrowth of a former naturally occurring CO2 sink. Likewise, a reduction in livestock agriculture is necessary to achieve the aforementioned targets set forth at COP21 this past year. iii. Water Depletion is an integral part of the planet; it forms the basis of social and economic activity, ecosystems, and life itself. Without water, we cannot survive. Though global freshwater use is still within its planetary limits (Steffen et al., 2015), there is worry that exponential population growth coupled with anthropogenic reliance on water, will push the freshwater resource past its boundary in many regions. Globally, agriculture consumes 70% of anthropogenic freshwater withdrawals (WWAP, 2012). However, water requirements vary substantially for differing foods, forage crops for
Currie_Jessica_InvestigatingBarriersInVegetarianismInDevelopedEconomies.docx