measured by ratio of FDI to GDP” . “the Fiscal revenue decentralization (): Cities with higher local fiscal revenue relative to provincial-level fiscal revenue may have different fiscal expenditure preference over other cities. Based on the approach of Jin and Zou (2002) and Wu and Lin (2012), we measure fiscal revenue decentralization by ratio of city’s “the budgeted fiscal revenue to the provincial-level budgeted fiscal revenue,”. The Proportion of government staff supported by public funds (Government Salary of staff and infrastructure investments are the two most Staff): important components of local fiscal expenditure in China. The higher the proportion of staff supported by public funds, the less fiscal resources are available for infrastructure investments (Yin and Xu, 2011). We consider the influence of the proportion of government staff, measured by ratio public funding government “the staffs to total population”.
measured by “the ratio of FDI to GDP” . Fiscal revenue decentralization (): Cities with higher local fiscal revenue relative to provincial-level fiscal revenue may have different fiscal expenditure preference over other cities. Based on the approach of Jin and Zou (2002) and Wu and Lin (2012), we measure fiscal revenue decentralization by “the ratio of city’s budgeted fiscal revenue to the provincial-level budgeted fiscal revenue,”. The Proportion of government staff supported by public funds (Government Staff): Salary of staff and infrastructure investments are the two most important components of local fiscal expenditure in China. The higher the proportion of staff supported by public funds, the less fiscal resources are available for infrastructure investments (Yin and Xu, 2011). We consider the influence of the proportion of government staff, measured by “the ratio public funding government staffs to total population”.
do_political_leaders_demographic_characteristics_matter_for_infrastructure_investments.docx