Crossmaker, - - Discussion/Commentary - Staff may rationalise references the works Does not describe method. 1991 boundaries between care giving of others to support ideas. and sexual abuse. A staff view of residents as objects, dehumanises and increases victimisation. Hames, 1996 N=105 Opportunity sample Staff completed a The questionnaire Staff showed a lack of realistic Questionnaires surveyed a Opportunity sample may not of staff who questionnaire pre and measured staff attitudes understanding of the range of direct care be representative of all staff. attended sexual post. to sexual abuse and the vulnerabilities and potential professionals. working abuse training. vulnerability of AWLD. risks of sexual abuse in AWLD across 3 LD day Social pressure of completing before training particularly in centre sites. questionnaire as part of relation to risk posed by known training and group may have individuals. impacted on results. Training failed to increase The proportion of staff who perceived risk posed by known attended the training and the individuals. response rate for completing the questionnaire is not included. No information provided on the authors, design, validity or reliability of the questionnaire used. Not all participants completed the questionnaire before and after training. A description of the management and analysis of subject attrition is not provided. Jenkins, Davies N=70 Participants that had Focus groups on staff Thematic analysis of Staff expressed ambivalence Stratified sampling Selection bias, all participants and Northway, an interest in the attitudes towards transcripts was and uncertainty as to best technique. had expressed interest in the 2008 protection of AWLD practice issues. undertaken. course of action and use of prevention of of AWLD. LD direct care from different procedures in abuse situation staff Transcript coding was of abuse were reviewed by research team The paper does not discuss invited to participate The thresholds at which people to ensure coding response rates. in the study. A decide to take action to abuse consistency. stratified sampling varies between staff. technique was used.
Crossmaker, 1991 - - Discussion/Commentary - Staff may rationalise boundaries between care giving and sexual abuse. A staff view of residents as objects, dehumanises and increases victimisation. references the works of others to support ideas. Does not describe method. Hames, 1996 N=105 working across 3 LD day centre sites. Opportunity sample of staff who attended sexual abuse training. Staff completed a questionnaire pre and post. The questionnaire measured staff attitudes to sexual abuse and the vulnerability of AWLD. Staff showed a lack of realistic understanding of the vulnerabilities and potential risks of sexual abuse in AWLD before training particularly in relation to risk posed by known individuals. Training failed to increase perceived risk posed by known individuals. Questionnaires surveyed a range of direct care professionals. Opportunity sample may not be representative of all staff. Social pressure of completing questionnaire as part of training and group may have impacted on results. The proportion of staff who attended the training and the response rate for completing the questionnaire is not included. No information provided on the authors, design, validity or reliability of the questionnaire used. Not all participants completed the questionnaire before and after training. A description of the management and analysis of subject attrition is not provided. Jenkins, Davies and Northway, 2008 N=70 LD direct care staff Participants that had an interest in the protection of AWLD from different of abuse were invited to participate in the study. A stratified sampling technique was used. Focus groups on staff attitudes towards practice issues. Thematic analysis of transcripts was undertaken. Staff expressed ambivalence and uncertainty as to best course of action and use of procedures in abuse situation The thresholds at which people decide to take action to abuse varies between staff. Stratified sampling technique. Transcript coding was reviewed by research team to ensure coding consistency. Selection bias, all participants had expressed interest in the prevention of of AWLD. The paper does not discuss response rates.
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