Table 278 Dietary vitamin C and colorectal cancer risk. Main characteristics of studies included in the CUP SLR dose-response analysis Cases/ Author, Year, Missing data Study name, Study size Case Exposure RR (95%CI) Adjustment WCRF Code, Outcome Comparison derived for characteristics Follow-up ascertainment assessment Ptrend factors Country (years) Alcohol Leenders, 2014 EPIC, 898/ Cancer registry FFQ Incidence, vs 0.76 (0.57-1.01) ≥151 ≤79 consumption, COL41012 Nested Case 898 controls cancer mg/day Ptrend:0.05 educational Europe Control, 501/ Incidence, rectal matching Age: 35-70 501 controls cancer variables, years, number of Distribution of M/W cigarettes by smoked, exposure physical categories. vs 1.01 (0.68-1.51) activity, of ≥151 ≤79 mg/day Ptrend:0.90 smoking exposure duration, categories. smoking status, time since smoking cessation, waist circumference Sex, age at Ruder, 2011 NIH-AARP, 2 819/ Cancer registry FFQ Incidence, colon 169 vs 31 0.83 (0.72-0.95) Distribution of baseline, alcohol COL40896 Prospective 292 797 and national cancer mg/1000kcal Ptrend:0.02 person-years by consumption, USA Cohort, 985/ health database exposure Incidence, rectal aspirin use, Age: 50-71 category. cancer BMI, Retired Intakes in educational level, energy, 169 vs 31 0.96 (0.77-1.21) converted to energy, history mg/1000kcal Ptrend:0.48 mg/day using of colon cancer, average energy HRT use, intake per each physical quantile activity, race,
Table 278 Dietary vitamin C and colorectal cancer risk. Main characteristics of studies included in the CUP SLR dose-response Author, Year, WCRF Code, Country Study name, characteristics Cases/ Study size Follow-up (years) Case ascertainment Exposure assessment Outcome Comparison RR (95%CI) Ptrend Adjustment factors Missing data derived for Leenders, 2014 COL41012 Europe EPIC, Nested Case Control, Age: 35-70 years, M/W 898/ 898 controls Cancer registry FFQ Incidence, cancer ≥151 vs ≤79 mg/day 0.76 (0.57-1.01) Ptrend:0.05 Alcohol consumption, educational matching variables, number of cigarettes smoked, physical activity, smoking duration, smoking status, time since smoking cessation, waist circumference Distribution of by exposure categories. of exposure categories. 501/ 501 controls Incidence, rectal cancer ≥151 vs ≤79 mg/day 1.01 (0.68-1.51) Ptrend:0.90 Ruder, 2011 COL40896 USA NIH-AARP, Prospective Cohort, Age: 50-71 Retired 2 819/ 292 797 985/ Cancer registry and national health database FFQ Incidence, colon cancer 169 vs 31 mg/1000kcal 0.83 (0.72-0.95) Ptrend:0.02 Sex, age at baseline, alcohol consumption, aspirin use, BMI, educational level, energy, energy, history of colon cancer, HRT use, physical activity, race, Distribution of person-years by exposure category. Intakes in converted to mg/day using average energy intake per each quantile Incidence, rectal cancer 169 vs 31 mg/1000kcal 0.96 (0.77-1.21) Ptrend:0.48 analysis
CUP_colorectal_SLR_2016_RO.docx