H2 + Cl2 2HCl  silver + sulfur silver sulfide  16Ag + S8 8Ag2S  chromium + oxygen chromium(III)  4Cr + 3O2 2Cr2O3  aluminium + bromine aluminium bromide  2Al + 3Br2 2AlBr3  sodium + iodine sodium iodide  2Na + I2 2NaI  hydrogen + oxygen water  2H2 + O2 2H2O  aluminium + oxygen aluminium oxide  4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3  Acid reactions acid + metal hydroxide, acid + metal oxide, acid + carbonate (Oxford 4.2) Acid reactions Acids almost always have a at the front of their formula (it is this that forms H+ ions) ‘H’ Some common ones you should know are: Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Nitric acid (HNO3) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) Bases almost always have or at the end of their formula (they react with water to form OH- ions). ‘O’ ‘OH’ Some common ones you should know are: Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Ammonia (NH3 exception to our –an rule) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) Carbonates always have at the end of their formula (it is this that makes CO2 when it reacts with ‘CO3’ acid) Some common ones are: Calcium carbonate (CaCO3), sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) and Sodium Hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3) Identify the formula below as acid, metal, base or carbonate:
H2 + Cl2  2HCl silver + sulfur  silver sulfide 16Ag + S8  8Ag2S chromium + oxygen  chromium(III) 4Cr + 3O2  2Cr2O3 aluminium + bromine  aluminium bromide 2Al + 3Br2  2AlBr3 sodium + iodine  sodium iodide 2Na + I2  2NaI hydrogen + oxygen  water 2H2 + O2  2H2O aluminium + oxygen  aluminium oxide 4Al + 3O2  2Al2O3 Acid reactions acid + metal hydroxide, acid + metal oxide, acid + carbonate (Oxford 4.2) Acid reactions Acids almost always have a ‘H’ at the front of their formula (it is this that forms H+ ions) Some common ones you should know are: Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Nitric acid (HNO3) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) Bases almost always have ‘O’ or ‘OH’ at the end of their formula (they react with water to form OH- ions). Some common ones you should know are: Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Ammonia (NH3 –an exception to our rule) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) Carbonates always have ‘CO3’ at the end of their formula (it is this that makes CO2 when it reacts with acid) Some common ones are: Calcium carbonate (CaCO3), sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) and Sodium Hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3) Identify the formula below as acid, metal, base or carbonate:
10scs_chemistry_-_types_of_reactions_revision_booklet.docx