other applications in selected areas. Common formats and lightning observation archives will be developed. Weather radars Precipitation There will be expansion (hydrometeor size of Doppler and distribution, phase, polarimetric weather type), wind, radars to developing humidity (from nations, including refractivity), sand training on processing and dust storm and interpretation, and variables, some capacity development to biological variables handle the extremely (e.g. bird densities) large amounts of data. Emerging technologies will gain widespread use: electronically-scanning (phased-array) adaptive radars will acquire data in unconventional ways, necessitating adaptation by data exchange and processing infrastructure. A weather data exchange framework will serve all users and achieve homogeneous data formats for international exchange. Automated Shipboard Wind, temperature, Commercial ships will be Aerological Platform humidity, pressure designed to facilitate the (ASAP) observations making of metocean observations, including installation and use of ASAP systems. Near-surface observations over land Surface weather and Surface pressure, Tiered networks will be climate observations temperature, land established: climate surface reference networks, temperature, baseline networks humidity, wind; (including RBON), and visibility; clouds; comprehensive networks precipitation; including non-NMHS and precipitation type, volunteer observing surface radiation networks/national variables; soil mesonets. temperature; soil moisture; snow observations will depth, snowfall, be collected and snow density disseminated and integrated with NMHS and other observations. Automated Climate Reference Network stations (temperature and precipitation) will be deployed in all WMO Regions to improve
other applications in selected areas. Common formats and lightning observation archives will be developed. Weather radars Precipitation (hydrometeor size distribution, phase, type), wind, humidity (from refractivity), sand and dust storm variables, some biological variables (e.g. bird densities) There will be expansion of Doppler and polarimetric weather radars to developing nations, including training on processing and interpretation, and capacity development to handle the extremely large amounts of data. Emerging technologies will gain widespread use: electronically-scanning (phased-array) adaptive radars will acquire data in unconventional ways, necessitating adaptation by data exchange and processing infrastructure. A weather data exchange framework will serve all users and achieve homogeneous data formats for international exchange. Automated Shipboard Aerological Platform (ASAP) observations Wind, temperature, humidity, pressure Commercial ships will be designed to facilitate the making of metocean observations, including installation and use of ASAP systems. Near-surface observations over land Surface weather and climate observations Surface pressure, temperature, land surface temperature, humidity, wind; visibility; clouds; precipitation; precipitation type, surface radiation variables; soil temperature; soil moisture; snow depth, snowfall, snow density Tiered networks will be established: climate reference networks, baseline networks (including RBON), and comprehensive networks including non-NMHS and volunteer observing networks/national mesonets. observations will be collected and disseminated and integrated with NMHS and other observations. Automated Climate Reference Network stations (temperature and precipitation) will be deployed in all WMO Regions to improve
EC-70-INF07-1(3)-WIGOS-VISION-2040_en.docx