Dependency 2 lessons Key idea 2.3 2.3a Top Down case Starter (2 Approaches to Characteristics of studies Three Create a bingo style grid with the different definitions - – development vary and bottom-up Gorges Dam, for the types of aid. Put images of the different types of aid in type and strategies in terms of China OR Madeira on a PowerPoint and get student to match each type of aid to success. their scale, aims, funding River Project, the correct description on their grid. and technology. The South America. processes and players Bottom-up case Suggested Main Activity (2-3 Lessons) (Transnational studies – learning Discuss the differences between top-down and bottom-up Corporations (TNCs), Project objectives: development projects. governments) Peru To know the Split students into groups of 3-4 and provide a series of fact contributing to difference between Intermediate sheets (each group has a different type of project) based on globalisation and why top-down and technology case the following type of aid projects: some countries have bottom-up studies – benefitted more than Top-down development projects: development Mukri, others. OR projects. Bangladesh OR Kenya To understand the 2.3b Bottom-up development projects: different Advantages and OR characteristics of disadvantages of different top-down and approaches to bottom-up development: NGO led, Provide each with a series of key learning questions to development intermediate technology, cover in their groups to produce a presentation on their projects. governmental project. Possible questions could be: organisation (IGO)- What are the aims of the project? To understand the funding large Who is the project at? advantages and infrastructure and Does it focus on the real needs of people? Is it disadvantages of investment by TNCs. appropriate? different approaches to Does it give support to who need it? Key words: development. Are people better off because of it? Top-down What funding is used to enable the implementation of Bottom-up the project?
Dependency 2 lessons (2 Key idea 2.3 Approaches to development vary in type and success. Suggested learning objectives: To know the difference between top-down and bottom-up development projects. To understand the different characteristics of top-down and bottom-up development projects. To understand the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to development. 2.3a Characteristics of and bottom-up strategies in terms of their scale, aims, funding and technology. The processes and players (Transnational Corporations (TNCs), governments) contributing to globalisation and why some countries have benefitted more than others. 2.3b Advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to development: NGO led, intermediate technology, governmental organisation (IGO)- funding large infrastructure and investment by TNCs. Key words: Top-down Bottom-up Top Down case studies – Three Gorges Dam, China OR Madeira River Project, South America. Bottom-up case studies – Project Peru Intermediate technology case studies – Mukri, Bangladesh OR Kenya Starter - Create a bingo style grid with the different definitions for the types of aid. Put images of the different types of aid on a PowerPoint and get student to match each type of aid to the correct description on their grid. Main Activity (2-3 Lessons) Discuss the differences between top-down and bottom-up development projects. Split students into groups of 3-4 and provide a series of fact sheets (each group has a different type of project) based on the following type of aid projects: Top-down development projects: OR Bottom-up development projects: OR Provide each with a series of key learning questions to cover in their groups to produce a presentation on their project. Possible questions could be: What are the aims of the project? Who is the project at? Does it focus on the real needs of people? Is it appropriate? Does it give support to who need it? Are people better off because of it? What funding is used to enable the implementation of the project?
Edexcel_2016_GCSE_Geography_B_Topic_2_Development_dynamics_Scheme_of_Work.docx