Yielding will occur first in the net section. However, the deformations induced by yielding will be localized around the net section. These localized deformations will cause not excessive deformations in the complete tension member. Hence, yielding at the net section will be a failure limit state. not Note 2. Why is the resistance factor (t) smaller for fracture than for yielding? The smaller resistance factor for fracture (t = 0.75 as compared to = 0.90 for yielding) t reflects the more serious nature and consequences of reaching the fracture limit state. Note 3. What is the design strength of the tension member? The design strength of the tension member will be the lesser value of the strength for the two limit states (gross section yielding and net section fracture). Note 4. are the Fy and Fu values for different steel materials? The yield and ultimate stress values for different steel materials are noted in Table 2- in the manual on pages AISC 2-and 2-0. Note 5. What are the most common steels for structural members? See The preferred materials for applicable shape series are highlighted in black, the remaining acceptable ones are highlighted in grey. According to this Table: the preferred material for shapes is (Fy = 50 ksi; Fu = 65 ksi); the preferred material for W A992 C, L M and shapes is (Fy = 36 ksi; Fu = 58 ksi). All these shapes are also available in S A36 A572 (Fy = 50 ksi; Fu = 65 ksi). Gr. 50 Note 6. What is the amount of area to be deducted from the gross area to account for the presence of bolt-holes? The diameter of the hole (dh) is equal to the bolt diameter (db) + 1/16 in. nominal
Yielding will occur first in the net section. However, the deformations induced by yielding will be localized around the net section. These localized deformations will not cause excessive deformations in the complete tension member. Hence, yielding at the net section will not be a failure limit state. Note 2. Why is the resistance factor (t) smaller for fracture than for yielding? The smaller resistance factor for fracture (t = 0.75 as compared to t = 0.90 for yielding) reflects the more serious nature and consequences of reaching the fracture limit state. Note 3. What is the design strength of the tension member? The design strength of the tension member will be the lesser value of the strength for the two limit states (gross section yielding and net section fracture). Note 4. are the Fy and Fu values for different steel materials? The yield and ultimate stress values for different steel materials are noted in Table 2- in the AISC manual on pages 2-and 2-0. Note 5. What are the most common steels for structural members? See The preferred materials for applicable shape series are highlighted in black, the remaining acceptable ones are highlighted in grey. According to this Table: the preferred material for W shapes is A992 (Fy = 50 ksi; Fu = 65 ksi); the preferred material for C, L M and S shapes is A36 (Fy = 36 ksi; Fu = 58 ksi). All these shapes are also available in A572 Gr. 50 (Fy = 50 ksi; Fu = 65 ksi). Note 6. What is the amount of area to be deducted from the gross area to account for the presence of bolt-holes? The nominal diameter of the hole (dh) is equal to the bolt diameter (db) + 1/16 in.
CE470-Ch-2-Tension%20members.docx