(ii) simple 1 (iii) three billion 1 (b) any two from: reference to religion • insufficient evidence / couldn’t prove it / no proof • ignore no evidence mechanism of inheritance / variation not known • allow genes / DNA not known about reference to theories • reference to Darwin’s status • 2 (c) (i) tree 1 (ii) hippopotamus and pig both required, either hippo 1 (iii) new evidence from fossils 1 [8] Q7. (a) (i) any two from: trapped / held (since sticky) • engulfed / covered by resin • engulfed / covered by amber prevented decay. • 2 (ii) any two from: animal / plant (dies and) body covered in sediment / mud • ignore ref to rock allow covered in tar / ice / shells / hard parts do not decay • minerals enter bones / parts are replaced by other materials / • mineralisation preserved traces / footprints / burrows / rootlet traces / • impressions / casts. 2 (b) (i) New technology provides more valid evidence. 1 (ii) any from: examples of physical factors, e.g. accept 3 physical factors or 3 biological factors or some of
(ii) simple 1 (iii) three billion 1 (b) any two from: • reference to religion • insufficient evidence / couldn’t prove it / no proof ignore no evidence • mechanism of inheritance / variation not known allow genes / DNA not known about • reference to theories • reference to Darwin’s status 2 (c) (i) tree 1 (ii) hippopotamus and pig both required, either hippo 1 (iii) new evidence from fossils 1 [8] Q7. (a) (i) any two from: • trapped / held (since sticky) • engulfed / covered by resin engulfed / covered by amber • prevented decay. 2 (ii) any two from: • animal / plant (dies and) body covered in sediment / mud ignore ref to rock allow covered in tar / ice • / shells / hard parts do not decay • minerals enter bones / parts are replaced by other materials / mineralisation • preserved traces / footprints / burrows / rootlet traces / impressions / casts. 2 (b) (i) New technology provides more valid evidence. 1 (ii) any from: examples of physical factors, e.g. accept 3 physical factors or 3 biological factors or some of
chapter_15_genetics_and_evolution_exam_pack_-_ms.docx