Progression in Addition and Subtraction Addition and subtraction are connected. Addition names the whole in terms of the parts and subtraction names a missing part of the whole. ADDITION SUBTRACTION Combining two sets (aggregation) Taking away (separation model) Putting together two or more amounts or numbers are Where one quantity is taken away from another to – put together to make a total. calculate what is left. 7 + 5 = 12 7 2 = 5 – Multilink towers - to physically take away objects. Count one set, then the other set. Combine the sets and count again. Starting at 1. Counting along the bead string, count out the 2 sets, then draw them together, count again. Starting at 1. Combining two sets (augmentation) Finding the difference (comparison model) This stage is essential in starting children to calculate rather Two quantities are compared to find the difference. than counting. 8 – 2 = 6 Where one quantity is increased by some amount. Count Counters: on from the total of the first set, e.g. put 7 in your head and count on 5. Always start with the largest number. Counters: Start with 7, then count on 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Bead strings: Bead strings: Make a set of 8 and a set of 2. Then count the gap. Make a set of 7 and a set of 5. Then count on from 7. Multilink Towers: Multilink Towers:
Progression in Addition and Subtraction Addition and subtraction are connected. Addition names the whole in terms of the parts and subtraction names a missing part of the whole. ADDITION SUBTRACTION Combining two sets (aggregation) Putting together – two or more amounts or numbers are put together to make a total. 7 + 5 = 12 Count one set, then the other set. Combine the sets and count again. Starting at 1. Counting along the bead string, count out the 2 sets, then draw them together, count again. Starting at 1. Taking away (separation model) Where one quantity is taken away from another to calculate what is left. 7 – 2 = 5 Multilink towers - to physically take away objects. Combining two sets (augmentation) This stage is essential in starting children to calculate rather than counting. Where one quantity is increased by some amount. Count on from the total of the first set, e.g. put 7 in your head and count on 5. Always start with the largest number. Counters: Start with 7, then count on 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Bead strings: Make a set of 7 and a set of 5. Then count on from 7. Finding the difference (comparison model) Two quantities are compared to find the difference. 8 – 2 = 6 Counters: Bead strings: Make a set of 8 and a set of 2. Then count the gap. Multilink Towers: Multilink Towers:
Calculation-Policy-2015.docx