Table 3. Studies of postpartum genito-pelvic pain and dyspareunia Types of pain Study Design N/Parity Prevalence Risk Factors Declercq et al. Perineal pain Retrospective 1573, all Perineal Episiotomy predicted perineal and 2 and 6 months parities At 2 months: pain in multiparous only at 2 dyspareunia months Primiparous 72.5% vaginal Instrumental deliveries predicted 77.4% instrumental perineal pain at 2 and 6 months 12.3% cesarean later (N = 40) Instrumental deliveries and Multiparous 36.9% vaginal primiparae associated with 52.2% instrumental dyspareunia at 2 months 12.3% cesarean Risk factors for dyspareunia at 6 months were not reported At 6 months: Primiparous 2% vaginal 15% instrumental Multiparous 1% vaginal 0% instrumental Dyspareunia At 2 months: Primiparous 47.7% vaginal 55.8% instrumental 31.1% cesarean Multiparous 26.5% vaginal 36.2% instrumental
Table 3. Studies of postpartum genito-pelvic pain and dyspareunia Types of pain Study Design N/Parity Prevalence Risk Factors Declercq et al. Perineal pain and dyspareunia Retrospective 2 and 6 months 1573, all parities Perineal At 2 months: Primiparous 72.5% vaginal 77.4% instrumental 12.3% cesarean Multiparous 36.9% vaginal 52.2% instrumental 12.3% cesarean At 6 months: Primiparous 2% vaginal 15% instrumental Multiparous 1% vaginal 0% instrumental Dyspareunia At 2 months: Primiparous 47.7% vaginal 55.8% instrumental 31.1% cesarean Multiparous 26.5% vaginal 36.2% instrumental Episiotomy predicted perineal pain in multiparous only at 2 months Instrumental deliveries predicted perineal pain at 2 and 6 months later (N = 40) Instrumental deliveries and primiparae associated with dyspareunia at 2 months Risk factors for dyspareunia at 6 months were not reported
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