Evidence: Explain how the Explain whether the evidence evidence is relevant: is sufficient: is the long and tragic story of the The evidence is The evidence is sufficient “History fact that privileged groups seldom give up relevant because it because it shows why whites their privileges voluntarily.” (par. 10) provides a historical will not give up their privilege precedent for why voluntarily. have not made a single gain in civil “we whites must be rights without determined legal and pressured. nonviolent pressure.” (par. 10) Reasoning: Explain whether the reasoning is valid: Because privileged groups do not voluntarily relinquish their privileges The reasoning is valid because and because African Americans have yet to make progress without it draws on and connects both determined work, then they cannot expect any of their rights to the supporting claim and the simply be given to them. evidence. Supporting Claim: know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must “We be demanded by the oppressed.”(par. 11) Evidence: Explain how the Explain whether the evidence evidence is relevant: is sufficient: I have never yet engaged in a The evidence shows It is sufficient because it “Frankly, direct-action movement that was that freedom must be shows why African Americans ‘well timed’ according to the timetable of those demanded by African must demand their freedom who have not suffered unduly from the Americans because rather than wait for it to be disease of segregation.” (par. 11) whites will always say, given voluntarily. “Wait.” has almost always meant “This ‘wait’ 11) ‘never’.”(par. Reasoning: Explain whether the reasoning is valid: Whites will always say, (par. 11) when it comes to giving The reasoning is valid because “Wait,” African Americans their freedom when what they really mean is it draws on and connects both (par. 11). So, African Americans must demand their freedom, the supporting claim and the “Never” otherwise it will never happen. evidence. Supporting Claim: must come to see with the distinguished jurist of yesterday that too long delayed is justice “We ‘justice denied.’”(par. 11)
Evidence: Explain how the evidence is relevant: Explain whether the evidence is sufficient: “History is the long and tragic story of the fact that privileged groups seldom give up their privileges voluntarily.” (par. 10) “we have not made a single gain in civil rights without determined legal and nonviolent pressure.” (par. 10) The evidence is relevant because it provides a historical precedent for why whites must be pressured. The evidence is sufficient because it shows why whites will not give up their privilege voluntarily. Reasoning: Explain whether the reasoning is valid: Because privileged groups do not voluntarily relinquish their privileges and because African Americans have yet to make progress without determined work, then they cannot expect any of their rights to simply be given to them. The reasoning is valid because it draws on and connects both the supporting claim and the evidence. Supporting Claim: “We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed.”(par. 11) Evidence: Explain how the evidence is relevant: Explain whether the evidence is sufficient: “Frankly, I have never yet engaged in a direct-action movement that was ‘well timed’ according to the timetable of those who have not suffered unduly from the disease of segregation.” (par. 11) “This ‘wait’ has almost always meant ‘never’.”(par. 11) The evidence shows that freedom must be demanded by African Americans because whites will always say, “Wait.” It is sufficient because it shows why African Americans must demand their freedom rather than wait for it to be given voluntarily. Reasoning: Explain whether the reasoning is valid: Whites will always say, “Wait,” (par. 11) when it comes to giving African Americans their freedom when what they really mean is “Never” (par. 11). So, African Americans must demand their freedom, otherwise it will never happen. The reasoning is valid because it draws on and connects both the supporting claim and the evidence. Supporting Claim: “We must come to see with the distinguished jurist of yesterday that ‘justice too long delayed is justice denied.’”(par. 11)
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