environmental costs and obligations, because additional expenditures have an adverse impact during low-earnings periods. Clarkson, Li, Richardson and Vasvari (2007) reviewed the relationship between corporate environmental performance and the level of environmental disclosures. They revisited this relation by testing competing predictions from economics based and socio-political theories of voluntary disclosure using a more precise research design. They conducted a study on a sample of 191 firms from the five most polluting industries in the . The study revealed a positive association between environmental performance and the level of discretionary environmental disclosures. The result was also consistent with the predictions of the economics disclosure theory but inconsistent with the negative association predicted by socio-political theories. in their research tried to determine whether there Staden and Hooks (2007) was an association between companies which were environmentally responsive according to an independent ranking and the quality and extent of their disclosures regarding their environmental impacts. They used proactive approach in achieving legitimacy to develop the expectation that legitimacy theory could be used to predict a positive association between environmental responsiveness and disclosure. They studied the quality and extent of what was being reported and then matched this assessment with an independent assessment of each company's environmental responsiveness. They found significant positive correlations between the independent ranking and the rankings based on the quality and extent of disclosure. The results imply that companies’ environmental disclosures would reflect their environmental responsiveness.
environmental costs and obligations, because additional expenditures have an adverse impact during low-earnings periods. Clarkson, Li, Richardson and Vasvari (2007) reviewed the relationship between corporate environmental performance and the level of environmental disclosures. They revisited this relation by testing competing predictions from economics based and socio-political theories of voluntary disclosure using a more precise research design. They conducted a study on a sample of 191 firms from the five most polluting industries in the . The study revealed a positive association between environmental performance and the level of discretionary environmental disclosures. The result was also consistent with the predictions of the economics disclosure theory but inconsistent with the negative association predicted by socio-political theories. Staden and Hooks (2007) in their research tried to determine whether there was an association between companies which were environmentally responsive according to an independent ranking and the quality and extent of their disclosures regarding their environmental impacts. They used proactive approach in achieving legitimacy to develop the expectation that legitimacy theory could be used to predict a positive association between environmental responsiveness and disclosure. They studied the quality and extent of what was being reported and then matched this assessment with an independent assessment of each company's environmental responsiveness. They found significant positive correlations between the independent ranking and the rankings based on the quality and extent of disclosure. The results imply that companies’ environmental disclosures would reflect their environmental responsiveness.
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