the Democrats (the two groups were much the same membership at times in the South); slowly took back state after state Congress passed Ku Klux Klan Act in 1871 to try and stop it, and they broke KKK’s hold on South Carolina, but federal resistance quickly faded after that Democrats retook House in 1874 midterm election the bloody shirt” tactic not working for Republicans any more “waving 1876 saw Reconstruction largely finished (only three Southern states in Republican control: Louisiana, SC, and Florida) Supreme Court tossed out most of Reconstruction in (1876), limiting U.S. v. Cruikshank voting rights issues largely to states, not federal government 14th Amendment thus – gutted In 1883, Supreme Court declared Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional 1876 election saw Democrat Samuel J. Tilden win, but Republicans claimed victories in their three Southern states, and argued Rutherford B. Hayes won; Hayes supposedly agreed to end Reconstruction, in exchange for becoming president; Democrats supposedly agreed; Reconstruction over Southern plantation owners continued North never enacted promise implied by the Sherman lands of acres and a mule” “forty to own the majority of the region’s land (Sherman had only given freedmen those lands to get them out of his way on his even after Reconstruction. Former marches) slaves sought land ownership but Property rights protected, rather than rights of freedmen generally fell short of self-sufficiency, as Freedman’s Bureau tended to take the side of the planters an exploitative and soil-intensive Reconstruction portrayed as illegitimate and corrupt sharecropping system limited blacks’ sharecropping was debt slavery, successfully imposed on poor blacks and whites alike and poor whites’ access to land in the by planters and local merchants South. Segregation, violence, Supreme Court See Box C, but Black Codes, KKK and other terrorist groups, collapse of Freedman’s decisions, and local political tactics Bureau, U.S. v. Cruikshank, 1883 overturning of Civil Rights Act, end of Reconstruction all left 14th and 15th amendments unenforced until 1950s and 1960s progressively stripped away African – American rights, but the 14th and 15th amendments eventually became the basis for court decisions upholding civil rights in the 20th century.
the Democrats (the two groups were much the same membership at times in the South); slowly took back state after state Congress passed Ku Klux Klan Act in 1871 to try and stop it, and they broke KKK’s hold on South Carolina, but federal resistance quickly faded after that Democrats retook House in 1874 midterm election “waving the bloody shirt” tactic not working for Republicans any more 1876 saw Reconstruction largely finished (only three Southern states in Republican control: Louisiana, SC, and Florida) Supreme Court tossed out most of Reconstruction in U.S. v. Cruikshank (1876), limiting voting rights issues largely to states, not federal government – 14th Amendment thus gutted In 1883, Supreme Court declared Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional 1876 election saw Democrat Samuel J. Tilden win, but Republicans claimed victories in their three Southern states, and argued Rutherford B. Hayes won; Hayes supposedly agreed to end Reconstruction, in exchange for becoming president; Democrats supposedly agreed; Reconstruction over Southern plantation owners continued to own the majority of the region’s land even after Reconstruction. Former slaves sought land ownership but generally fell short of self-sufficiency, as an exploitative and soil-intensive sharecropping system limited blacks’ and poor whites’ access to land in the South. North never enacted promise implied by the Sherman lands of “forty acres and a mule” (Sherman had only given freedmen those lands to get them out of his way on his marches) Property rights protected, rather than rights of freedmen Freedman’s Bureau tended to take the side of the planters Reconstruction portrayed as illegitimate and corrupt sharecropping was debt slavery, successfully imposed on poor blacks and whites alike by planters and local merchants Segregation, violence, Supreme Court decisions, and local political tactics progressively stripped away African American rights, but the 14th and 15th amendments eventually became the basis for court decisions upholding civil rights in the 20th century. See Box C, but Black Codes, KKK and other terrorist groups, collapse of Freedman’s Bureau, U.S. v. Cruikshank, 1883 overturning of Civil Rights Act, end of Reconstruction – all left 14th and 15th amendments unenforced until 1950s and 1960s
Complete%20Key%20Concept%20Framework%20Filled%20In%20horizontal.docx