Memebrane channels or for rapidly efflux of drugs “pumps” Altered target sites Prevent antibiotic resistance: or none” Do not use unless “overwhelming – absolutely necessary; but use large enough dosage for long enough time. 6. Measuring effect of anitibiotics Most common: disc infusion (Kirby-Bauer) method and minimum dilution time IV. REPRESENTATIVE ANTIBIOTICS Name Spectrum Mechanism Common Side Effects Sulfonamide Broad Antimetabolite Kidney damage – (sulfa drugs) Inhibit synthesis of folic acid Nausea rash Penicillins G+ Disrupt cell wall synthesis by Allergy blocking the synthesis or Cephalosporins of the peptidylglycan Vancomycin Bacitricin Polymyxin G- Disrupt cellular membrane Highly toxic Only used topically Or monitor kidney function as in-patient a.Streptomycin Broad Protein synthesis inhibitor a. Kidney, Ear b.Tetracycline b. Teeth c.Chloramphenical c. Bone marrow – d.Erythromycin aplastic anemia a.Rifampin a.TB a. Transcription a. Red skin, liver kidney b.Protozoa, b.Quinolone b. Replication b. Nausea, headache urinary tract infection How to review? 1. All the terms and definitions that are in black.
Memebrane channels or “pumps” for rapidly efflux of drugs Altered target sites Prevent antibiotic resistance: “overwhelming or none” – Do not use unless absolutely necessary; but use large enough dosage for long enough time. 6. Measuring effect of anitibiotics Most common: disc infusion (Kirby-Bauer) method and minimum dilution time IV. REPRESENTATIVE ANTIBIOTICS Name Spectrum Mechanism Common Side Effects Sulfonamide (sulfa drugs) Broad Antimetabolite – Inhibit synthesis of folic acid Kidney damage Nausea rash Penicillins Cephalosporins Vancomycin Bacitricin G+ Disrupt cell wall synthesis by blocking the synthesis or of the peptidylglycan Allergy Polymyxin G- Disrupt cellular membrane Highly toxic Only used topically Or monitor kidney function as in-patient a.Streptomycin b.Tetracycline c.Chloramphenical d.Erythromycin Broad Protein synthesis inhibitor a. Kidney, Ear b. Teeth c. Bone marrow – aplastic anemia a.Rifampin b.Quinolone a.TB b.Protozoa, urinary tract infection a. Transcription b. Replication a. Red skin, liver kidney b. Nausea, headache How to review? 1. All the terms and definitions that are in black.
Chapter%20Summary%20II.docx