Fungal Infections Characterized by 3 patterns Parenchymal Invasion Chronic fungal meningitis Abscess forming lesion Primarily happens in Cryptococcus spp. Candida spp Immunocompromised patients Vasculitis Granulomatous lesion HIV patients Cryptococcus Mucor Debilitated patients Aspergillus spp. Patients undergoing chemo Invasion of the blood vessel leading to Heamorrhage Thrombosis Branching of hyphae can be seen invading the cerebral vessels Morphology Clinical Laboratory Disease Pathogenesis Manifestation Findings Microscopic Macroscopic Usually caused by Usually well-formed Tubercle like nodule The infections CSF findings Cryptococcus granuloma is hardly on the can be High protein spp. seen Leptomeninges at Fulminant Brain usually one Infiltration of chronic the base of the and fatal of the latest inflammatory cells brain within 2 Few Chronic organs to including weeks Presence of Fungal infected after Fibroblasts Indolent and mucoid disseminated Mononuclear Meningitis evolving up encapsulated fungal infection giant cells to months or yeast in Indian Spreaded With presence of years Ink through Cryptococci spp. heamatogenous route
Fungal Infections Primarily happens in Immunocompromised patients HIV patients Debilitated patients Patients undergoing chemo Characterized by 3 patterns Chronic fungal meningitis Cryptococcus spp. Vasculitis Mucor Aspergillus spp. Invasion of the blood vessel leading to Heamorrhage Thrombosis Branching of hyphae can be seen invading the cerebral vessels Parenchymal Invasion Abscess forming lesion Candida spp Granulomatous lesion Cryptococcus Disease Pathogenesis Morphology Clinical Manifestation Laboratory Findings Microscopic Macroscopic Chronic Fungal Meningitis Usually caused by Cryptococcus spp. Brain usually one of the latest organs to infected after disseminated fungal infection Spreaded through heamatogenous route Usually well-formed granuloma is hardly seen Infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells including Fibroblasts Mononuclear giant cells With presence of Cryptococci spp. Tubercle like nodule on the Leptomeninges at the base of the brain The infections can be Fulminant and fatal within 2 weeks Indolent and evolving up to months or years CSF findings High protein Few Presence of mucoid encapsulated yeast in Indian Ink
central-nervous-system-infections.docx