Conclusion Fail to reject since the p-value is more than 0.01. Interpretation There is not enough evidence to show that breastfeeding and autism are dependent. This means that you cannot say that the whether a child is breastfed or not will indicate if that the child will be diagnosed with autism. Example #11.1.3: Hypothesis Test with Chi-Square Test Using Formula The World Health Organization (WHO) keeps track of how many incidents of leprosy there are in the world. Using the WHO regions and the World Banks income groups, one can ask if an income level and a WHO region are dependent on each other in terms of predicting where the disease is. Data on leprosy cases in different countries was collected for the year 2011 and a summary is presented in table #11.1.3 ("Leprosy: Number of," 2013). Is there evidence to show that income level and WHO region are independent when dealing with the disease of leprosy? Test at the 5% level. Table #11.1.3: Number of Leprosy Cases World Bank Income Group High Upper Lower Low Row Income Middle Middle Income WHO Region Total Income Income Americas 174 36028 615 0 Eastern 54 6 1883 604 2547 Mediterranean Europe 10 0 0 0 10 Western 26 216 3689 1155 5086 Pacific Africa 0 39 1986 15928 South-East 0 0 149896 10236 160132 Asia Column 264 36289 158069 27923 222545 Solution: the null and alternative hypotheses and the level of significance WHO region and Income Level when dealing with the disease of leprosy are independent WHO region and Income Level when dealing with the disease of leprosy are dependent State and check the assumptions for the hypothesis test
Conclusion Fail to reject since the p-value is more than 0.01. Interpretation There is not enough evidence to show that breastfeeding and autism are dependent. This means that you cannot say that the whether a child is breastfed or not will indicate if that the child will be diagnosed with autism. Example #11.1.3: Hypothesis Test with Chi-Square Test Using Formula The World Health Organization (WHO) keeps track of how many incidents of leprosy there are in the world. Using the WHO regions and the World Banks income groups, one can ask if an income level and a WHO region are dependent on each other in terms of predicting where the disease is. Data on leprosy cases in different countries was collected for the year 2011 and a summary is presented in table #11.1.3 ("Leprosy: Number of," 2013). Is there evidence to show that income level and WHO region are independent when dealing with the disease of leprosy? Test at the 5% level. Table #11.1.3: Number of Leprosy Cases WHO Region World Bank Income Group Row Total High Income Upper Middle Income Lower Middle Income Low Income Americas 174 36028 615 0 Eastern Mediterranean 54 6 1883 604 2547 Europe 10 0 0 0 10 Western Pacific 26 216 3689 1155 5086 Africa 0 39 1986 15928 South-East Asia 0 0 149896 10236 160132 Column 264 36289 158069 27923 222545 Solution: the null and alternative hypotheses and the level of significance WHO region and Income Level when dealing with the disease of leprosy are independent WHO region and Income Level when dealing with the disease of leprosy are dependent State and check the assumptions for the hypothesis test
chapter_11.docx