Substitution Combustion Saponification Polymerization Esterification Fermentation Kinetics and Equilibrium Exothermic: heat is released Endothermic: heat is absorbed Catalyst: Lowers the activation energy, provides an alternate pathway. Speeds up reaction without being used up also called an enzyme Reaches equilibrium faster. Speeds up both directions Table I Heats of reaction (H) Minus is exothermic, positive is endothermic Look at number of moles If this changes you need to do a mole ratio. Exo is added to end( even though it is a negative number) endo is added to beginning Le Chatalier: Add something shift the equilibrium. Add away take toward Pressure: count moles of GAS and increases the side with the LOWER number of moles of gas Things that Increase reaction rate: 1. Surface area, 2. Concentration (pressure for gases) 3. Catalyst, 4. Temperature
Substitution Combustion Saponification Polymerization Esterification Fermentation Kinetics and Equilibrium Exothermic: heat is released Endothermic: heat is absorbed Catalyst: Lowers the activation energy, provides an alternate pathway. Speeds up reaction without being used up also called an enzyme Reaches equilibrium faster. Speeds up both directions Table I Heats of reaction (H) Minus is exothermic, positive is endothermic Look at number of moles If this changes you need to do a mole ratio. Exo is added to end( even though it is a negative number) endo is added to beginning Le Chatalier: Add something shift the equilibrium. Add away take toward Pressure: count moles of GAS and increases the side with the LOWER number of moles of gas Things that Increase reaction rate: 1. Surface area, 2. Concentration (pressure for gases) 3. Catalyst, 4. Temperature
chemistry_cheat_sheet.docx