Molecular formula is a whole number multiple of the Chadwick- discovered neutron and that they have no charge empirical formula. and are needed to stabilize the nucleus. To determine molecular formula: Becquerel- discovered radioactivity Divide molecular mass by mass of empirical Bohr- came up with idea of grounded and excited states formula. Plank- came up with plank’s constant and a relationship Multiply the empirical formula by the factor between frequency and energy calculated in step 1 Heisenberg- uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to know the exact velocity and position of a particle at the Scientists same time Schrodinger- came up with an equation that treats electrons Democritus- first person to say matter was not infinitely as waves divisible Pauli- electron in the same orbital have different spins Lavoisier- law of conservation of mass (says that the total Aufbau electrons will fill the lowest energy level first – mass of the substance in a chemical reaction cannot change) Hund- each orbital in an energy level must have an electron Proust- law of definite proportions ( every compound has a before it starts to pair fixed proportion) Mendeleev- created the first periodic table, was organized by Dalton- law of multiple proportions (If two elements form mass of the element more than one compound between them, then the ratios of Mosley-discovered each atom has a unique positive charge the masses of the second element which combine with a in the nucleus and created the modern periodic table based fixed mass of the first element will be ratios of small whole off atomic number numbers), also developed the first atomic theory Thomson- discovered electrons Rutherford- gold foil experiment that discovered the atom was mostly empty space, positive particles called protons Lab Equipment were in the center or nucleus, and that electrons orbit the nucleus, Millikan- determined that the electron’s charge as -1 and found the mass on an electron
Molecular formula is a whole number multiple of the empirical formula. To determine molecular formula: Divide molecular mass by mass of empirical formula. Multiply the empirical formula by the factor calculated in step 1 Scientists Democritus- first person to say matter was not infinitely divisible Lavoisier- law of conservation of mass (says that the total mass of the substance in a chemical reaction cannot change) Proust- law of definite proportions ( every compound has a fixed proportion) Dalton- law of multiple proportions (If two elements form more than one compound between them, then the ratios of the masses of the second element which combine with a fixed mass of the first element will be ratios of small whole numbers), also developed the first atomic theory Thomson- discovered electrons Rutherford- gold foil experiment that discovered the atom was mostly empty space, positive particles called protons were in the center or nucleus, and that electrons orbit the nucleus, Millikan- determined that the electron’s charge as -1 and found the mass on an electron Chadwick- discovered neutron and that they have no charge and are needed to stabilize the nucleus. Becquerel- discovered radioactivity Bohr- came up with idea of grounded and excited states Plank- came up with plank’s constant and a relationship between frequency and energy Heisenberg- uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to know the exact velocity and position of a particle at the same time Schrodinger- came up with an equation that treats electrons as waves Pauli- electron in the same orbital have different spins Aufbau – electrons will fill the lowest energy level first Hund- each orbital in an energy level must have an electron before it starts to pair Mendeleev- created the first periodic table, was organized by mass of the element Mosley-discovered each atom has a unique positive charge in the nucleus and created the modern periodic table based off atomic number Lab Equipment
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