Accordingly, the below stated carbon estimation tools and previous studies have been established as per one of these zones. 4.2. 1 1 1: System Type of Assessment Software and Tools Provider Countries Boundary Carbon zone Building Simplified Building Operational operational Research OC UK Energy Model Stage stage Establishment (BRE) LSA in sustainable Cradle to operational OC+EC BHP Laboratory Australia Architecture Grave stage Athena Athena Impact Cradle to Sustainable USA, Estimator version EC design stage Grave Materials Canada 5.2 Institute Building Cradle to Research ENVEST2 EC stage UK Grave Establishment (BRE) Global Cradle to Shimizu Environmental OC+EC design stage Japan Grave Construction (GEM- 21P) Simple Carbon operational National Energy operational OC UK Calculator stage Foundation Environmental Green House Gas operational operational OC Protection Australia Calculator stage Authority The Build Carbon Build Carbon Cradle to Neutral Construction EC early stage Neutral USA Grave Calculator Organisation Carbon tools such as Simplified Building Energy Model (Building Research Establishment, 2010), Simple Carbon Calculator (National Energy Foundation, 2015) and Greenhouse Gas Calculator (Environmental Protection Authority) have only focused on life cycle operational carbon emissions and limited to the assessment zone of operational stage. Tools such as Athena Impact Estimator version 5.2 (Athena sustainable Materials Institute,2017), ENVEST2 (BRE and The Build Carbon Neutral
Accordingly, the below stated carbon estimation tools and previous studies have been established as per one of these zones. 4.2. 1 1 1: Software and Tools System Boundary Type of Carbon Assessment zone Provider Countries Simplified Building Energy Model Operational Stage OC operational stage Building Research Establishment (BRE) UK LSA in sustainable Architecture Cradle to Grave OC+EC operational stage BHP Laboratory Australia Athena Impact Estimator version 5.2 Cradle to Grave EC design stage Athena Sustainable Materials Institute USA, Canada ENVEST2 Cradle to Grave EC stage Building Research Establishment (BRE) UK Global Environmental (GEM- 21P) Cradle to Grave OC+EC design stage Shimizu Construction Japan Simple Carbon Calculator operational OC operational stage National Energy Foundation UK Green House Gas Calculator operational OC operational stage Environmental Protection Authority Australia The Build Carbon Neutral Construction Calculator Cradle to Grave EC early stage Build Carbon Neutral Organisation USA Carbon tools such as Simplified Building Energy Model (Building Research Establishment, 2010), Simple Carbon Calculator (National Energy Foundation, 2015) and Greenhouse Gas Calculator (Environmental Protection Authority) have only focused on life cycle operational carbon emissions and limited to the assessment zone of operational stage. Tools such as Athena Impact Estimator version 5.2 (Athena sustainable Materials Institute,2017), ENVEST2 (BRE and The Build Carbon Neutral
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