Bacterial Infections Morphology Disease Pathogenesis Clinical Manifestation Macroscopic Microscopic Local extension Descrete lesion with Dense aggregates Most commonly affected Sinusitis liquefactive necrosis of neutrophils area Mastoid sinus Edema Necrotic area Frontal lobe Presented with surrounded with Frontal sinus Parietal lobe Infected expanded white granulation tissue Cerebellum Neovascularization matter adjacent Osteomyelitis of the Features Outside the capsule to the abscess Cranium Progressive focal deficit of abscess is the Spine Loss of neurological zone of gliosis Heamatogenous spread (the most common) function due to With numerous The etiological agents spread from distant area of the destruction of the Gemistocytic body and lodged at the CNS brain tissue Astrocytes Subsequent increased in Direct implantation of organisms Brain Trauma ICP Abscess Post meningitis Progrssive herniation If the abscess ruptures, it will Evolution of the Abscess lead to The brain undergoes acute inflammatory response after Ventriculitis come into contact with foreign agents, characterized with Meningitis Neutrophilic infiltration Venous sinous thrombosis Cerebritis When the tries to heal the lesion, granulation tissue forms at the peripheral of the lesion; middle zone undergoes liquefactive necrosis Sattellite abscess has a very poor capsulation at the medial side; therefore it is easily rupture and the pus may enter the ventricle Disease Pathogenesis Etiological agents Clinical Manifestation Ussually occurs due to complication of vertebral Staphylococcus aureus (most Initially presented with osteomyelitis cases) Fever Sometimes due to complications of Gram negative rods Back pain Epidural Spinal surgery Bacteroides Progression Trauma Streptococci spp. Weakness of the lower extremities Abscess Mycobacterium tuberculosis Spinal anesthesia Impaired Bowel function Bladder function Ends up with paralysis Extension of bacterial or fungal infection of the Headache Subdural Cranium Fever Neck stiffness Sinuses Abscess Signs and symptoms of origin infection Middle ear Ultimately will lead to mass effect if the pus is massive
Bacterial Infections Disease Pathogenesis Morphology Clinical Manifestation Macroscopic Microscopic Brain Abscess Local extension Sinusitis Mastoid sinus Frontal sinus Infected Osteomyelitis of the Cranium Spine Heamatogenous spread (the most common) The etiological agents spread from distant area of the body and lodged at the CNS Direct implantation of organisms Trauma Post meningitis Evolution of the Abscess The brain undergoes acute inflammatory response after come into contact with foreign agents, characterized with Neutrophilic infiltration Cerebritis When the tries to heal the lesion, granulation tissue forms at the peripheral of the lesion; middle zone undergoes liquefactive necrosis Sattellite abscess has a very poor capsulation at the medial side; therefore it is easily rupture and the pus may enter the ventricle Descrete lesion with liquefactive necrosis Edema Presented with expanded white matter adjacent to the abscess Dense aggregates of neutrophils Necrotic area surrounded with granulation tissue Neovascularization Outside the capsule of abscess is the zone of gliosis With numerous Gemistocytic Astrocytes Most commonly affected area Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Cerebellum Features Progressive focal deficit Loss of neurological function due to destruction of the brain tissue Subsequent increased in ICP Progrssive herniation If the abscess ruptures, it will lead to Ventriculitis Meningitis Venous sinous thrombosis Disease Pathogenesis Etiological agents Clinical Manifestation Epidural Abscess Ussually occurs due to complication of vertebral osteomyelitis Sometimes due to complications of Spinal surgery Trauma Spinal anesthesia Staphylococcus aureus (most cases) Gram negative rods Bacteroides Streptococci spp. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Initially presented with Fever Back pain Progression Weakness of the lower extremities Impaired Bowel function Bladder function Ends up with paralysis Subdural Abscess Extension of bacterial or fungal infection of the Cranium Sinuses Middle ear Headache Fever Neck stiffness Signs and symptoms of origin infection Ultimately will lead to mass effect if the pus is massive
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