focus needs to be shifted in exploring unexplored habitats. A SYSTEMIC OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Microbial metabolites account for a majority the problem of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus of drugs available in the market. Among bacteria, but unfortunately vancomycin resistant aureus, S. Actinobacteria are known for the production of have been reported in hospitals. Penicillin, aureus different classes of antibiotics including ampicillin, streptomycin or gentamicin are used in aminoglycosides, anthracyclins, glycopeptides, various combinations for the treatment of infections macrolides, nucleosides, peptides, polyenes, caused by enterococci. Some strains have developed polyethers, terpenes and tetracyclines which possess resistance to aminoglycosides, lactam antibiotics and β wide range of biological activities. it leads to the failure of combination therapy. Emergence of multidrug resistant pathogens Occurrence of Penicillin resistant Streptococcus has triggered the need for discovery of new antibiotics pneumonia (PRSP) is on rise worldwide. MDR with unique modes of action as exemplified by the tuberculosis strains exist owing to development of following case studies. Emergence of resistance by the causative agent towards important causes serious anti-TB drugs, including isoniazid and rifampicin. Staphylococcus aureus infections. Vancomycin was earlier used to circumvent
focus needs to be shifted in exploring unexplored habitats. A SYSTEMIC OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Microbial metabolites account for a majority of drugs available in the market. Among bacteria, Actinobacteria are known for the production of different classes of antibiotics including aminoglycosides, anthracyclins, glycopeptides, macrolides, nucleosides, peptides, polyenes, polyethers, terpenes and tetracyclines which possess wide range of biological activities. Emergence of multidrug resistant pathogens has triggered the need for discovery of new antibiotics with unique modes of action as exemplified by the following case studies. Emergence of Staphylococcus aureus causes serious infections. Vancomycin was earlier used to circumvent the problem of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but unfortunately vancomycin resistant S. aureus have been reported in hospitals. Penicillin, ampicillin, streptomycin or gentamicin are used in various combinations for the treatment of infections caused by enterococci. Some strains have developed resistance to aminoglycosides, β lactam antibiotics and it leads to the failure of combination therapy. Occurrence of Penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumonia (PRSP) is on rise worldwide. MDR tuberculosis strains exist owing to development of resistance by the causative agent towards important anti-TB drugs, including isoniazid and rifampicin.
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