Adaptation Mitigation Development Adaptation Mitigation Development South Africa Water Improve and secure reliable and safe drinking all Increase individual and None Improve health None None None Effective 3 of the population community health and and well-being of implementation physical ability to deal with individuals and and potential temperature rise, communities. management. and changing stress on livelihood activities. Groundwater management and recharge Increase levels of None Increase levels of None Potential for Potential to Diesel or petrol 1 groundwater through and access to increased used to recharge, if rainfall water for energy use and groundwater pumps. becomes more variable. domestic, carbon dioxide aquifers, Groundwater sanitation, emissions from leading to aquifers have agriculture and diesel pumps. decreased the other domestic availability. activities. potential to be Strengthen exploited for livelihood irrigation. activities. Effective water management in times of floods, Increase level of None Increase of None None None Government 3 drought and other extreme weather events preparedness and preparedness and and/or relevant management approaches management organisation has to deal with extreme approaches to the capacity to weather events, such as deal with extreme appropriately floods and droughts. weather events, management such as floods and flood and droughts. droughts. Research into climate change impacts on Enhance understanding of None Enhance ability of None None None Informative 3 resources and development of appropriate adaptation and ability to adapt to infrastructure and research allow strategies potential impacts of strengthen greater climate change on rainfall livelihoods in the understanding patterns and water face of climate of potential resources. change impacts. impacts of climate change on water resources. Construction of reservoirs with hydropower Flood management and Reduce CO2 Increase storage None Loss of Displacement Reservoir 2 increased water storage if emissions from for irrigation, habitat/forests of people. construction levels of rainfall and hence hydropower, drinking purposes, and potential located on site industrial growth. carbon containing
Adaptation Mitigation Development Adaptation Mitigation Development South Africa Water Improve and secure reliable and safe drinking all of the population Increase individual and community health and physical ability to deal with potential temperature rise, and changing stress on livelihood activities. None Improve health and well-being of individuals and communities. None None None Effective implementation and management. 3 Groundwater management and recharge Increase levels of groundwater through recharge, if rainfall becomes more variable. None Increase levels of and access to water for domestic, sanitation, agriculture and other domestic activities. Strengthen livelihood activities. None Potential for increased energy use and carbon dioxide emissions from diesel pumps. Potential to groundwater aquifers, leading to decreased availability. Diesel or petrol used to pumps. Groundwater aquifers have the potential to be exploited for irrigation. 1 Effective water management in times of floods, drought and other extreme weather events Increase level of preparedness and management approaches to deal with extreme weather events, such as floods and droughts. None Increase of preparedness and management approaches to deal with extreme weather events, such as floods and droughts. None None None Government and/or relevant organisation has the capacity to appropriately management flood and droughts. 3 Research into climate change impacts on resources and development of appropriate adaptation strategies Enhance understanding of and ability to adapt to potential impacts of climate change on rainfall patterns and water resources. None Enhance ability of infrastructure and strengthen livelihoods in the face of climate change impacts. None None None Informative research allow greater understanding of potential impacts of climate change on water resources. 3 Construction of reservoirs with hydropower Flood management and increased water storage if levels of rainfall and hence Reduce CO2 emissions from hydropower, Increase storage for irrigation, drinking purposes, industrial growth. None Loss of habitat/forests and potential carbon Displacement of people. Reservoir construction located on site containing 2
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