security of supply to a greater extent than short-duration storage devices. Frequency control, reserve and other ancillary services: LAES can contribute to grid stability by responding to imbalances in electrical energy production and consumption. In addition, LAES can provide natural system inertia. start: a LAES system can provide capacity and energy after a system failure (blackout). Improve energy efficiency in LNG regasification terminals: LAES can harness waste cold from the regasification of liquid natural gas to produce liquid air which is then used to produce electricity, enhancing overall energy efficiency. LAES can be used to increase the flexibility of conventional power plants by lowering the minimal load and increasing the maximal load due to connections between the thermodynamic processes. Table 16: SET-Plan targets Current performance Target 2030 Target 2050 Demonstrated at pilot and Full commercial scale 100 MW/GWh storage scale scale – 5MW demonstration – 15 to 50MW storage /500MWh storage scale Round trip efficiency (RTE) Increase round trip efficiency Round trip efficiency 70%-80% ~20% at pilot scale; 50-60% up to 60-70% for standalone for standalone systems through (predicted) for stand-alone systems and much higher e.g. ~ improving efficiency of commercial scale LAES; 90%+ through harnessing of liquefaction process, and novel potential of >65% by utilisation waste heat from thermal thermodynamic cycles, and a of waste heat plants/industrial processes and higher ~100% through waste cold from industrial harnessing of both waste heat processes and LNG terminals and waste cold from thermal plants/industrial processes and LNG terminals €/kWh 250-600 or Cost reduction: 200-400 Mature LAES costs: <200€/kWh (LAES size €/kWh or 1500-2500 €/kW or < 1000 €/kW dependent) (LAES size dependent) Little attention paid on Advanced materials & devices Optimal integration, operation, developing new materials and for heat storage (from and management of LAES in devices for enhanced compressors and intermittent low carbon grid environment performance of LAES sources of waste heat) and cold storage for cold recycle; reduction of parasitic losses
security of supply to a greater extent than short-duration storage devices. Frequency control, reserve and other ancillary services: LAES can contribute to grid stability by responding to imbalances in electrical energy production and consumption. In addition, LAES can provide natural system inertia. start: a LAES system can provide capacity and energy after a system failure (blackout). Improve energy efficiency in LNG regasification terminals: LAES can harness waste cold from the regasification of liquid natural gas to produce liquid air which is then used to produce electricity, enhancing overall energy efficiency. LAES can be used to increase the flexibility of conventional power plants by lowering the minimal load and increasing the maximal load due to connections between the thermodynamic processes. Table 16: SET-Plan targets Current performance Target 2030 Target 2050 Demonstrated at pilot and scale – 5MW storage Full commercial scale demonstration – 15 to 50MW /500MWh storage scale 100 MW/GWh storage scale Round trip efficiency (RTE) ~20% at pilot scale; 50-60% (predicted) for stand-alone commercial scale LAES; potential of >65% by utilisation of waste heat Increase round trip efficiency up to 60-70% for standalone systems and much higher e.g. ~ 90%+ through harnessing of waste heat from thermal plants/industrial processes and waste cold from industrial processes and LNG terminals Round trip efficiency 70%-80% for standalone systems through improving efficiency of liquefaction process, and novel thermodynamic cycles, and a higher ~100% through harnessing of both waste heat and waste cold from thermal plants/industrial processes and LNG terminals 250-600 €/kWh or (LAES size dependent) Cost reduction: 200-400 €/kWh or 1500-2500 €/kW (LAES size dependent) Mature LAES costs: <200€/kWh or < 1000 €/kW Little attention paid on developing new materials and devices for enhanced performance of LAES Advanced materials & devices for heat storage (from compressors and intermittent sources of waste heat) and cold storage for cold recycle; reduction of parasitic losses Optimal integration, operation, and management of LAES in low carbon grid environment
2017.01.16_Update-of-the-EASE-EERA-ES-Technology-Development-Roadmap_for-public-consultation.docx