Transposable elements are dynamic, abundant components of eukaryotic genomes and important forces in evolution. Transposable elements are dynamic, abundant components of eukaryotic genomes and important forces in evolution. The efficiency of mutant screening is limited by silent mutations, redundancy, and embyronic lethality. Mutation of different genes can produce a similar phenotype. Complementation testing determines whether two mutants are the result of mutation of the same gene (allelic mutations), or if each mutant is caused by mutation of a different gene (non-allelic mutations). mutation SINE, LINE, Alu germline cells mutant P-element silent mutation polymorphism T-DNA inter-genic region insertion redundancy deletion cut-and-paste essential gene substitution alkylation agent recessive lethal allele mutagen EMS complementation DNA replication error intercalating testing Strand slippage benzopyrene allelic / non-allelic biological mutagen carcinogenic chemical mutagen cM0, M1, M2 ethidium bromide physical mutagen redundancy thymine dimer mispairing lethality mutant screen loop allelic SSR non-allelic loss-of-function insertional mutagen complementation gain-of-function Class I, Class II group amorph transposon CFTR null retrotransposon Cystic Fibrosis (CF) hypomorph reverse transcriptase hypermorph F508(PHE508DEL) transposase Kalydeco neopmorph non-autonomous dominant negative autonomous somatic cells ______________________________________________________________________________________
Transposable elements are dynamic, abundant components of eukaryotic genomes and important forces in evolution. Transposable elements are dynamic, abundant components of eukaryotic genomes and important forces in evolution. The efficiency of mutant screening is limited by silent mutations, redundancy, and embyronic lethality. Mutation of different genes can produce a similar phenotype. Complementation testing determines whether two mutants are the result of mutation of the same gene (allelic mutations), or if each mutant is caused by mutation of a different gene (non-allelic mutations). mutation mutant polymorphism insertion deletion substitution mutagen DNA replication error Strand slippage biological mutagen chemical mutagen physical mutagen mispairing loop SSR insertional mutagen Class I, Class II transposon retrotransposon reverse transcriptase transposase non-autonomous autonomous SINE, LINE, Alu P-element T-DNA cut-and-paste alkylation agent EMS intercalating benzopyrene carcinogenic ethidium bromide thymine dimer mutant screen loss-of-function gain-of-function amorph null hypomorph hypermorph neopmorph dominant negative somatic cells germline cells silent mutation inter-genic region redundancy essential gene recessive lethal allele complementation testing allelic / non-allelic cM0, M1, M2 redundancy lethality allelic non-allelic complementation group CFTR Cystic Fibrosis (CF) F508(PHE508DEL) Kalydeco ______________________________________________________________________________________
zChap04_140901.docx