Problem 4 17 Points Nitrogen and its Compounds This problem deals with Nitrogen and some of its compounds. It elucidates aspects of chemical properties and molecular structure as well as thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. A. The Nitrogen Molecule a Comparison – In contrast to molecular oxygen molecular nitrogen is rather inert. Comparing the corresponding MO schemes can explain this inertness. The following figure shows MO schemes of N2, O2, and NH3, one of the most important nitrogen compounds, respectively. 4.1 Label the schemes by writing the correct element symbols and molecular formulae into the respective boxes. Populate the schemes with electrons (arrows). 4.2 State magnetic behavior and bond order: Nitrogen N2 Oygen O2 Bond order: ___________ Bond order: ___________ ☐ ☐ diamagnetic diamagnetic ☐ ☐ paramagnetic paramagnetic B. Ammonia Every year some 180 million metric tons of ammonia are produced, which makes it one of the most important commodity chemicals. Almost all ammonia is synthesized through the Bosch process based on the following reaction: N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) 2 NH3 (g) (R 4.1) → Find some thermodynamic data at 298 K you will need during the following calculations: / kJ/mol S° / J/molK Cp° / J/molK ΔfH° N2 (g) 0 191.6 29.1 H2 (g) 0 130.7 28.8 NH3 (g) -45.9 192.8
Problem 4 17 Points Nitrogen and its Compounds This problem deals with Nitrogen and some of its compounds. It elucidates aspects of chemical properties and molecular structure as well as thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. A. The Nitrogen Molecule – a Comparison In contrast to molecular oxygen molecular nitrogen is rather inert. Comparing the corresponding MO schemes can explain this inertness. The following figure shows MO schemes of N2, O2, and NH3, one of the most important nitrogen compounds, respectively. 4.1 Label the schemes by writing the correct element symbols and molecular formulae into the respective boxes. Populate the schemes with electrons (arrows). 4.2 State magnetic behavior and bond order: Nitrogen N2 Bond order: ___________ ☐ diamagnetic ☐ paramagnetic Oygen O2 Bond order: ___________ ☐ diamagnetic ☐ paramagnetic B. Ammonia Every year some 180 million metric tons of ammonia are produced, which makes it one of the most important commodity chemicals. Almost all ammonia is synthesized through the process based on the following reaction: N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) → 2 NH3 (g) (R 4.1) Find some thermodynamic data at 298 K you will need during the following calculations: ΔfH° / kJ/mol S° / J/molK Cp° / J/molK N2 (g) 0 191.6 29.1 H2 (g) 0 130.7 28.8 NH3 (g) -45.9 192.8 Bosch
2018-National-Competition-Tasks-Theoretical.docx