Push and Pull Factors Push Pull Better paid jobs. (Factory workers receive Lack of services. about three times the wages of farm workers). Pressure on the land, e.g. division of land Houses that are more comfortable and a among sons each has too little to live on. higher quality of life. – Limited food production due to overgrazing A better chance of services, e.g. schools, or the misuse of land, resulting in soil medical treatment, entertainment. erosion or exhaustion. Lack of employment opportunities. The lights’ of the city. ‘bright Religious and political activities can be Many families do not own land. carried out more safely. Starvation, resulting from either too little output for the people in the area or crop failure. Frequently, it may also be caused by a change in agriculture from producing More reliable sources of food. – crops for the family/local community to a system that produces cash/plantation crops for consumption in MEDCs. Overpopulation, resulting from high birth rates. Extreme physical conditions, e.g. aridity, mountainous terrain, cold, heat and dense vegetation. Mechanisation has led to a reduction in jobs available on the land, as well as a decrease in yields in many areas. Lack of investment as money available to the government will be spent in urban areas. Farming is hard work with long hours and little pay. In LEDCs, a shortage of money implies a lack of machinery, pesticides and fertiliser. Local communities forced to move.
Push and Pull Factors Push Pull Lack of services. Better paid jobs. (Factory workers receive about three times the wages of farm workers). Pressure on the land, e.g. division of land among sons – each has too little to live on. Houses that are more comfortable and a higher quality of life. Limited food production due to overgrazing or the misuse of land, resulting in soil erosion or exhaustion. A better chance of services, e.g. schools, medical treatment, entertainment. Lack of employment opportunities. The ‘bright lights’ of the city. Many families do not own land. Religious and political activities can be carried out more safely. Starvation, resulting from either too little output for the people in the area or crop failure. Frequently, it may also be caused by a change in agriculture – from producing crops for the family/local community to a system that produces cash/plantation crops for consumption in MEDCs. More reliable sources of food. Overpopulation, resulting from high birth rates. Extreme physical conditions, e.g. aridity, mountainous terrain, cold, heat and dense vegetation. Mechanisation has led to a reduction in jobs available on the land, as well as a decrease in yields in many areas. Lack of investment as money available to the government will be spent in urban areas. Farming is hard work with long hours and little pay. In LEDCs, a shortage of money implies a lack of machinery, pesticides and fertiliser. Local communities forced to move.
2017_xmas_urban_futures_consolidation_hmk_challenge.docx