10-7-15 SI Session (Fungi Overview) GLOMEROMYCOTA ZYGOMYCETES & CHYTRIDS (polyphylenic) Mycorrhizal relationships: 80% of all plants (many vascular) have Chytrid reproduction: mutualistic mycorrhizal relationships with ** Alteration of generations** no heterokaryotic members of this lineage stage; alternates between n and 2n Endo: fungi grow into root (some are arbuscular) vs Ecto: fungi on surface of root Unique morphological Chytrid feature: Mutualistic relationship Flagella for being motile in the aquatic environments Reproduction: sexual or asexual? Zygomycota reproduction: Hyphal tip produces spores (asexual) See page 626 for sexual reproductive cycle See page 626 for sexual reproductive cycle BASIDIOMYCOTA (CLUB ASCOMYCOTA (SAC fungi) Lignin White rot fungi (species) ONLY ONES that Lichens = 50% algae & 50% fungus ( excellent produce lignin-degrading enzymes example of mutualistic symbiotic relationship) Asexual or sexual reproduction? Yeast = unicellular Ascomycota (still considered Mainly sexual reproduction (see page) eukaryotic). These bud asexually. Asci? Organ where spores are produced by meiosis Basidiocarp/ basidiomycota reproduction: **NO male and female gametes only “compatible” reproductive cells** Ascomycota reproduction: See page 626 - Basidia undergo meiosis to produce 4 genetically distinct haploid cells (see page 626) - Note that the asexual spores of an Ascomycota are called Conidia
10-7-15 SI Session (Fungi Overview) GLOMEROMYCOTA Mycorrhizal relationships: 80% of all plants (many vascular) have mutualistic mycorrhizal relationships with members of this lineage Endo: fungi grow into root (some are arbuscular) vs Ecto: fungi on surface of root Mutualistic relationship Reproduction: sexual or asexual? Hyphal tip produces spores (asexual) See page 626 for sexual reproductive cycle ZYGOMYCETES & CHYTRIDS (polyphylenic) Chytrid reproduction: ** Alteration of generations** no heterokaryotic stage; alternates between n and 2n Unique morphological Chytrid feature: Flagella for being motile in the aquatic environments Zygomycota reproduction: See page 626 for sexual reproductive cycle BASIDIOMYCOTA (CLUB Lignin White rot fungi (species) ONLY ONES that produce lignin-degrading enzymes Asexual or sexual reproduction? Mainly sexual reproduction (see page) Basidiocarp/ basidiomycota reproduction: **NO male and female gametes only “compatible” reproductive cells** - Basidia undergo meiosis to produce 4 genetically distinct haploid cells (see page 626) ASCOMYCOTA (SAC fungi) Lichens = 50% algae & 50% fungus ( excellent example of mutualistic symbiotic relationship) Yeast = unicellular Ascomycota (still considered eukaryotic). These bud asexually. Asci? Organ where spores are produced by meiosis Ascomycota reproduction: See page 626 - Note that the asexual spores of an Ascomycota are called Conidia
BIOL_211__5_6__Colbert_kashmola_10-7-15_SI_Session_Answers.docx