Table 3.8 (continued) Water quality objectivesc Log Indicative treatment process Log On-site preventive measures Expo- reduction reductions sure targets achievable reduct- (V, P, B)a by ionb treatment (V, P, B) Commercial food crops 6.0 Secondary treatment or primary 0.5–1.0 Consumers BOD <20 mg/Ld • treatment with lagoon detention SS <30 mg/ Ld 5.0 0.5–2.0 Crops with no ground contact and heavily 5.0–6.0 • • processed (eg grapes for wine production, 5.0 1.0–3.0 <1000 cfu/100 mL E. coli • cereals) Crops cooked/processed before 5.0– • consumption (eg potatoes, beetroot) 6.0 no harvest of wet or dropped produce • consumption (eg citrus, nuts) no spray irrigation – 6.0 Crops with no ground contact and skin • removed before 5.0 Raised crops (eg apples, apricots, grapes) • drip irrigation and no harvest of wet, – dropped produce 0.5/day Pathogen reduction between harvesting and • V, B sale Public in vicinity of irrigation areae 6.0 No access and drip irrigation • 5.0 No access during irrigation and, if spray • irrigation, minimum 25–30 m buffer distance between irrigation area and nearest public access point, and spray drift control (eg through part circle sprinklers with 180° inward throw, vegetation screening, or anemometer switching) or Extended buffer distances to >50 m •
Table 3.8 (continued) Log reduction targets Indicative treatment process Log reductions achievable On-site preventive measures Expo- sure reduct- Water quality objectivesc (V, P, B)a by ionb treatment (V, P, B) Commercial food crops 6.0 Secondary treatment or primary 0.5–1.0 Consumers • BOD <20 mg/Ld 5.0 treatment with lagoon detention 0.5–2.0 • Crops with no ground contact and heavily 5.0–6.0 • SS <30 mg/ Ld 5.0 1.0–3.0 processed (eg grapes for wine production, cereals) • E. coli <1000 cfu/100 mL • Crops cooked/processed before 5.0– consumption (eg potatoes, beetroot) 6.0 • no harvest of wet or dropped produce consumption (eg citrus, nuts) – no spray irrigation • Crops with no ground contact and skin removed before • Raised crops (eg apples, apricots, grapes) – drip irrigation and no harvest of wet, dropped produce • Pathogen reduction between harvesting and sale Public in vicinity of irrigation areae • No access and drip irrigation • No access during irrigation and, if spray irrigation, minimum 25–30 m buffer distance between irrigation area and nearest public access point, and spray drift control (eg through part circle sprinklers with 180° inward throw, vegetation screening, or anemometer switching) 6.0 5.0 0.5/day V, B 6.0 5.0 or • Extended buffer distances to >50 m
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