When the new volume is translated to a product density change for Product A the dry density increase is about 0.08 t/m3 as per the volume change, 3%. For Product C the dry density increase is less than 0.05 t/m3 or 1%. The moisture determination for conversion to dry bulk density is by ISO3087. Brazilian dry density determination Likewise to Australia-A testing methodology, ISO3852 is employed to determine the bulk density of Brazilian IOF material. As is routine practice, the bulk density is assessed under industrial conditions (i.e. onboard ships, port stockpiles, cargo spaces) and assessed under laboratory scale. Table 5 below provides data that compares real world bulk densities (i.e. under compaction) to bulk densities used according to ISO3852 for four samples of Brazilian IOF. Further results of 147 other IOF materials validated that the real-world dry bulk densities are approximately between 2100 kg/m³ and 2700 kg/m³. Table 5: Densities and void ratios for Brazilian IOF The Cone Penetration Test (CPT) method can be employed on board vessels to determine the cargo density profile of the material loaded. These tests are performed using a cylindrical penetrometer with a conical tip that penetrates the stow in the cargo space at a constant rate. Here, the forces of the cone and the friction sleeve are measured. The equipment is shown in Figure 10. Results for the CPT work will be discussed in TWG Report 4. In order to assist in the CPT findings and validate the compaction tests inside the cargo holds, laser scanning was also employed, as seen in Figure 11: Laser scan image inside a Brazilian IOF cargo hold of a Capesize Vessel. Figure 10: Equipment used in CPT on top of the cargo Figure 11: Laser scan image inside a Brazilian IOF cargo hold of a Capesize Vessel Determination of Specific Gravity (SG) and the effect on TML.
When the new volume is translated to a product density change for Product A the dry density increase is about 0.08 t/m3 as per the volume change, 3%. For Product C the dry density increase is less than 0.05 t/m3 or 1%. The moisture determination for conversion to dry bulk density is by ISO3087. Brazilian dry density determination Likewise to Australia-A testing methodology, ISO3852 is employed to determine the bulk density of Brazilian IOF material. As is routine practice, the bulk density is assessed under industrial conditions (i.e. onboard ships, port stockpiles, cargo spaces) and assessed under laboratory scale. Table 5 below provides data that compares real world bulk densities (i.e. under compaction) to bulk densities used according to ISO3852 for four samples of Brazilian IOF. Further results of 147 other IOF materials validated that the real-world dry bulk densities are approximately between 2100 kg/m³ and 2700 kg/m³. Table 5: Densities and void ratios for Brazilian IOF The Cone Penetration Test (CPT) method can be employed on board vessels to determine the cargo density profile of the material loaded. These tests are performed using a cylindrical penetrometer with a conical tip that penetrates the stow in the cargo space at a constant rate. Here, the forces of the cone and the friction sleeve are measured. The equipment is shown in Figure 10. Results for the CPT work will be discussed in TWG Report 4. In order to assist in the CPT findings and validate the compaction tests inside the cargo holds, laser scanning was also employed, as seen in Figure 11: Laser scan image inside a Brazilian IOF cargo hold of a Capesize Vessel. Figure 10: Equipment used in CPT on top of the cargo Figure 11: Laser scan image inside a Brazilian IOF cargo hold of a Capesize Vessel Determination of Specific Gravity (SG) and the effect on TML.
TWG_IOF_Proctor-Fagerberg_Test_Report_3_8May2013_FINALSubmission.docx