2001; Rejmánek 2013; Stohlgren 1999; Milchunas and Laurenroth 1995; al. et al. et 2001 Meekins and McCarthey 2001; White al. et 1997 al. Rocky outcrops/ Water limitation, Hopper 2002; Kolb 2002; Marco and et al. shallow soils temperature Paez 2000; Steers 2010; Talluto and Suding fluctuations, low 2008; Wyatt 1997 nutrients Periodically Anoxia, disturbance Gerhardt and Collinge 2003; Holland and Jain Catford 2011; Collinge 2011; et al. et al. inundated (e.g. scouring) 1988; Stokes 2007; Tanentzap 2014 Smith and Fox 1973, Williams et al. et al. environments 1990 Bogs Low pH, low Chytry 2008; Loope 1992; Limpens 2003; Miletti 2005; et al. et al. et al. et al. nutrients, anoxia Lambdon 2008; Rejmánek 2013 Tomassen 2004 (all references et al. et al. et al. concern mostly native invaders) Shaded sites Light limitation Baker 1986; Brothers and Springarn 1992; Funk and McDaniel 2010; Loh and (terrestrial) Frankel 1977; Knapp and Canham 2000; Daehler 2008; West 2014 et al. Parendes and Jones 2000; Rejmánek 1989; Von Holle 2003; Rejmánek 2013 et al. et al. Shaded sites Light limitation Albert 2013; Loo 2009; Chen 2013; Madsen 1991; et al. et al. et al. et al. (aquatic) Schnitzler 2007 Maurer and Zedler 2002 et al. High altitude Low temperature, low Arévalo 2005; Alexander 2011; et al. et al. CO2, temperature Becker 2005; Daehler 2005; Feng et al. et al. extremes, high UV, and Zhu 2010; Giraldo-Cañas 2010; Haider low nutrients 2010; Jakobs 2010; Kalwij et al. et al. et al. 2008; Khuroo 2011; Marini 2012, et al. et al. 2013; McDougall 2005; Pauchard and et al. Alaback 2004; Pauchard 2009; Western et al. & Juvik 1983
al. 2001; Rejmánek et al. 2013; Stohlgren et al. 2001 1999; Milchunas and Laurenroth 1995; Meekins and McCarthey 2001; White et al. 1997 Rocky outcrops/ shallow soils Water limitation, temperature fluctuations, low nutrients Hopper 2002; Kolb et al. 2002; Marco and Paez 2000; Steers 2010; Talluto and Suding 2008; Wyatt 1997 Periodically inundated environments Anoxia, disturbance (e.g. scouring) Gerhardt and Collinge 2003; Holland and Jain 1988; Stokes 2007; Tanentzap et al. 2014 Catford et al. 2011; Collinge et al. 2011; Smith and Fox 1973, Williams et al. 1990 Bogs Low pH, low nutrients, anoxia Chytry et al. 2008; Loope et al. 1992; Lambdon et al. 2008; Rejmánek et al. 2013 Limpens et al. 2003; Miletti et al. 2005; Tomassen et al. 2004 (all references concern mostly native invaders) Shaded sites (terrestrial) Light limitation Baker 1986; Brothers and Springarn 1992; Frankel 1977; Knapp and Canham 2000; Parendes and Jones 2000; Rejmánek 1989; Von Holle et al. 2003; Rejmánek et al. 2013 Funk and McDaniel 2010; Loh and Daehler 2008; West et al. 2014 Shaded sites (aquatic) Light limitation Albert et al. 2013; Loo et al. 2009; Schnitzler et al. 2007 Chen et al. 2013; Madsen et al. 1991; Maurer and Zedler 2002 High altitude Low temperature, low CO2, temperature extremes, high UV, low nutrients Arévalo et al. 2005; Alexander et al. 2011; Becker et al. 2005; Daehler et al. 2005; Feng and Zhu 2010; Giraldo-Cañas 2010; Haider et al. 2010; Jakobs et al. 2010; Kalwij et al. 2008; Khuroo et al. 2011; Marini et al. 2012, 2013; McDougall et al. 2005; Pauchard and Alaback 2004; Pauchard et al. 2009; Western & Juvik 1983
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