a. Ruled by elite, rulers, priests b. Farmed by slaves could purchase freedom – c. Patriarchal men could sell wives/children to pay debts – 1. 1600 BCE women wearing veils 2. But…women could gain power courts, priestesses, scribes, small business B. Egypt 1. Culture a. 3000 BCE – b. pharaoh pyramids for self/families – – 1. Decorated w/ colorful paintings c. polytheists afterlife > mummification – 1. Egyptian Book of the Dead what happened to soul, how to reach – happy 2. afterlife > mummification and tombs d. bronze tools weapons after e. independent innovation iron spread to – – f. some trade w/ and g. hieroglyphics from trade contacts – 1. papyrus making – h. geography protected create unique civilization – – i. less urban than Mesopotamians j. 365 day calendar, medicine, math, astronomy 2. State a. overflowed annually predictable – b. irrigation led to organization/government c. agricultural villages engaged in trade d. pharaoh king power – – 1. living incarnation of sun god e. geography protected from invading people – f. beginning 3100 when unites Upper and g. 2040-1640 BCE Middle Kingdom culturally dynamic – h. 1500 regained from foreign invaders Hyksos focused on military – – – i. by 900 in control of foreign invaders internal disorder, invasions – 3. Social structure a. Social classes, but commoners could enter government service rise in social – status b. Patriarchal, but women had some privileges 1. Women sometimes acted as regents for young rulers, priestesses, scribes 2. managed household finances/education of children 3. right to divorce husbands/alimony 4. could own property 5. Queen Hatshepsut C. Indus 2500 - – 1. Culture a. Streets laid out in precise grid houses had running water/sewage – b. Harappan writing not deciphered much unclear –
a. Ruled by elite, rulers, priests b. Farmed by slaves – could purchase freedom c. Patriarchal – men could sell wives/children to pay debts 1. 1600 BCE women wearing veils 2. But…women could gain power courts, priestesses, scribes, small business B. Egypt 1. Culture a. 3000 BCE – b. pharaoh – pyramids – for self/families 1. Decorated w/ colorful paintings c. polytheists – afterlife > mummification 1. Egyptian Book of the Dead – what happened to soul, how to reach happy 2. afterlife > mummification and tombs d. bronze tools weapons after e. – independent innovation iron – spread to f. some trade w/ and g. hieroglyphics – from trade contacts 1. papyrus – making h. geography – protected – create unique civilization i. less urban than Mesopotamians j. 365 day calendar, medicine, math, astronomy 2. State a. overflowed annually – predictable b. irrigation led to organization/government c. agricultural villages engaged in trade d. pharaoh – king – power 1. living incarnation of sun god e. geography – protected from invading people f. beginning 3100 when unites Upper and g. 2040-1640 BCE Middle Kingdom – culturally dynamic h. – 1500 – regained from foreign invaders Hyksos – focused on military i. by 900 in control of foreign invaders – internal disorder, invasions 3. Social structure a. Social classes, but commoners could enter government service – rise in social status b. Patriarchal, but women had some privileges 1. Women sometimes acted as regents for young rulers, priestesses, scribes 2. managed household finances/education of children 3. right to divorce husbands/alimony 4. could own property 5. Queen Hatshepsut C. Indus – 2500 - 1. Culture a. Streets laid out in precise grid – houses had running water/sewage b. Harappan writing not deciphered – much unclear
unit_one_outline.docx