Rituals: Rituals are everyday organizational practice that repeated routinely. Examples are dress of organizational members, how visitors are greeted, how fellow employees are greeted, how much time employees take for lunch. Material Symbols: The size, shape, location of buildings might reveal organization’s culture. Desks, chairs, cafeteria food, dress attire is the things that might convey cultural meaning. Language: The language of the workplace speaks highly about the organization’s culture. By learning this language, members attest to their acceptance of the culture and in so doing, help preserve it. STRESS What is stress? Stress is the process that occurs in response to events that disrupt or threaten to disrupt one physical or psychological functioning. The word stress is derived from the Latin term ‘Stringers’ which means draw tight” stress is a state of psychological tension produced by the kinds of “to forces or pressures. Stress is a pressure condition causing hardship. Thus, stress is a mental, emotional or physical reaction resulting from an individual's response to environmental pressure and similar stimuli. Hans the father of stress, believes that stress is the spice of life and absence of stress is death. When person are exposed to chronic sources of stress, however, this reaction is only the first in a longer sequence of responses activated by human efforts to adapt to a stressor. This sequence, termed by Hans Selye (1976) the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), consists of three stages: alarm stage, in which the body prepares itself for immediate action; arousal of the sympathetic nervous system releases hormones that help prepare our body to meet threats or dangers (Selye, 1979) resistance begins, in which arousal is lower than during the alarm stage, but our bodies continue to draw on resources at an above-normal rate in order to cope effectively with the stressor. exhaustion. During this capacity to resist is deleted, and susceptibility to illness increases. In severe cases of prolonged physical stress, the result can be death. Fig.: Selye’s general adaptation syndrome. Stressor at work or causes of stress. A wide of conditions and events are capable of generating stress. Such as stressful life events (e.g., death of love one or divorce), hazardous of daily life (too many things to do at once, traffic jam etc.), work related stress. Many factors contribute to stress at work. Several important sources of work related stress are summarized as follows :
Rituals: Rituals are everyday organizational practice that repeated routinely. Examples are dress of organizational members, how visitors are greeted, how fellow employees are greeted, how much time employees take for lunch. Material Symbols: The size, shape, location of buildings might reveal organization’s culture. Desks, chairs, cafeteria food, dress attire is the things that might convey cultural meaning. Language: The language of the workplace speaks highly about the organization’s culture. By learning this language, members attest to their acceptance of the culture and in so doing, help preserve it. STRESS What is stress? Stress is the process that occurs in response to events that disrupt or threaten to disrupt one physical or psychological functioning. The word stress is derived from the Latin term ‘Stringers’ which means “to draw tight” stress is a state of psychological tension produced by the kinds of forces or pressures. Stress is a pressure condition causing hardship. Thus, stress is a mental, emotional or physical reaction resulting from an individual's response to environmental pressure and similar stimuli. Hans the father of stress, believes that stress is the spice of life and absence of stress is death. When person are exposed to chronic sources of stress, however, this reaction is only the first in a longer sequence of responses activated by human efforts to adapt to a stressor. This sequence, termed by Hans Selye (1976) the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), consists of three stages: alarm stage, in which the body prepares itself for immediate action; arousal of the sympathetic nervous system releases hormones that help prepare our body to meet threats or dangers (Selye, 1979) resistance begins, in which arousal is lower than during the alarm stage, but our bodies continue to draw on resources at an above-normal rate in order to cope effectively with the stressor. exhaustion. During this capacity to resist is deleted, and susceptibility to illness increases. In severe cases of prolonged physical stress, the result can be death. Fig.: Selye’s general adaptation syndrome. Stressor at work or causes of stress. A wide of conditions and events are capable of generating stress. Such as stressful life events (e.g., death of love one or divorce), hazardous of daily life (too many things to do at once, traffic jam etc.), work related stress. Many factors contribute to stress at work. Several important sources of work related stress are summarized as follows :
unit-2_shortnotes.docx