Figures of Speech Figurative language-means saying one thing but meaning another Literal language-means saying exactly what you mean. Term and Definition Example Student Notes Pronunciation Analogy The comparison of two things, which are alike in always desires increase: it is “Knowledge [/uh-nal-uh-jee] several respects, for the purpose of explaining or like fire, which must first be kindled by some clarifying some unfamiliar or difficult idea or object by external agent, but which will afterwards showing how the idea or object is similar to some propagate itself.” Samuel Johnson familiar one. While simile and analogy often overlap, the simile is generally a more artistic likening, done briefly for effect and emphasis, while analogy serves the more practical purpose of explaining a thought process or a line of reasoning or the abstract in terms of the concrete, and may therefore by more extended. Apostrophe The direct address of a person or personified thing, of wisdom that fadeth not away “O value [uh-pos-truh-fee] either present or absent. Its most common purpose with time, virtue ever flourishing, that in prose is to give vent to or display intense emotion, cleanseth its possessor from all venom! O which can no longer be held back. heavenly gift of the divine bounty, descending from the Father of lights, that thou mayest exalt the rational soul to the very heavens! Thou art the celestial nourishment of the intellect . . . --Richard .” de Bury Cliché An expression so often used that its original power you “Where’er find ‘the cooling western [klee-shey] has been drained away. the next line it through breeze’,/In ‘whispers the trees’;/If crystal streams ‘with pleasing threatened murmurs creep’./The reader’s (not in vain) with Essay on Criticism, ‘sleep’. Pope Conceit An elaborate, usually intellectually ingenious poetic How she leans her cheek upon her “See! [kuhn-seet] comparison or image, such as an analogy or hand:/O! That I were a glove upon that metaphor in which, say a beloved is compared to a hand/That I might touch that cheek.” Romeo and Juliet ship, planet, etc. Shakespeare’s
Figures of Speech Figurative language-means saying one thing but meaning another Literal language-means saying exactly what you mean. Term and Pronunciation Definition Example Student Notes Analogy [/uh-nal-uh-jee] The comparison of two things, which are alike in several respects, for the purpose of explaining or clarifying some unfamiliar or difficult idea or object by showing how the idea or object is similar to some familiar one. While simile and analogy often overlap, the simile is generally a more artistic likening, done briefly for effect and emphasis, while analogy serves the more practical purpose of explaining a thought process or a line of reasoning or the abstract in terms of the concrete, and may therefore by more extended. “Knowledge always desires increase: it is like fire, which must first be kindled by some external agent, but which will afterwards propagate itself.” Samuel Johnson Apostrophe [uh-pos-truh-fee] The direct address of a person or personified thing, either present or absent. Its most common purpose in prose is to give vent to or display intense emotion, which can no longer be held back. “O value of wisdom that fadeth not away with time, virtue ever flourishing, that cleanseth its possessor from all venom! O heavenly gift of the divine bounty, descending from the Father of lights, that thou mayest exalt the rational soul to the very heavens! Thou art the celestial nourishment of the intellect . . . .” --Richard de Bury Cliché [klee-shey] An expression so often used that its original power has been drained away. “Where’er you find ‘the cooling western breeze’,/In the next line it ‘whispers through the trees’;/If crystal streams ‘with pleasing murmurs creep’./The reader’s threatened (not in vain) with ‘sleep’. Essay on Criticism, Pope Conceit [kuhn-seet] An elaborate, usually intellectually ingenious poetic comparison or image, such as an analogy or metaphor in which, say a beloved is compared to a ship, planet, etc. “See! How she leans her cheek upon her hand:/O! That I were a glove upon that hand/That I might touch that cheek.” Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet
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