rather than herbicides. Proscribed B. Use of herbicides in both under-vine and in inter-row alleys. 2.5 Water penetration Water penetration is important to minimise run-off, which can cause erosion, and to optimise the amount of water available to vine root systems. Processes to improve poor penetration and allow sufficient drainage can improve a vineyards performance and reduce risks of environmental damage. Guideline Achieved? Guideline categorisation YES/NO A. If soil penetration is poor, improve it by using at least one of Minimum standard the following: adding gypsum, compost, manure, a cover crop, soil ripping between vine rows. 3. Vine nutrition The objectives of nutrient monitoring and management are to supply vines with nutrients at the appropriate time and rate, supporting crop quality and yield. Appropriate application methods should ensure a targeted supply and minimise the risk of pollution by loss of nutrients via runoff, leaching, and emissions to the air. Nutrient management planning is an on-going activity that needs to be responsive to the vineyard environment and crop requirements. Vine nutrition guidelines 3.1 Nutrient management planning Vineyard nutrition is not an exact science as: Soil fertility is a complex concept Vines are a low nutrient crop, as: Little is exported from the field Perennial plants explore a large area of soil Rootstocks can influence nutrient take-up Problem of quality vs. quantity Grapevines are able to grow and crop satisfactorily in a wide range of soils but, vine nutrition should not be ignored. To help plan nutrient management the following questions need answering: What are the essential elements for the growth and performance of vines? How can the need for these be measured? What fertilisers can be used to fulfil this need? How much and when should these be applied?
rather than herbicides. Proscribed B. Use of herbicides in both under-vine and in inter-row alleys. 2.5 Water penetration Water penetration is important to minimise run-off, which can cause erosion, and to optimise the amount of water available to vine root systems. Processes to improve poor penetration and allow sufficient drainage can improve a vineyards performance and reduce risks of environmental damage. Guideline categorisation Guideline Achieved? YES/NO Minimum standard A. If soil penetration is poor, improve it by using at least one of the following: adding gypsum, compost, manure, a cover crop, soil ripping between vine rows. 3. Vine nutrition The objectives of nutrient monitoring and management are to supply vines with nutrients at the appropriate time and rate, supporting crop quality and yield. Appropriate application methods should ensure a targeted supply and minimise the risk of pollution by loss of nutrients via runoff, leaching, and emissions to the air. Nutrient management planning is an on-going activity that needs to be responsive to the vineyard environment and crop requirements. Vine nutrition guidelines 3.1 Nutrient management planning Vineyard nutrition is not an exact science as: Soil fertility is a complex concept Vines are a low nutrient crop, as: Little is exported from the field Perennial plants explore a large area of soil Rootstocks can influence nutrient take-up Problem of quality vs. quantity Grapevines are able to grow and crop satisfactorily in a wide range of soils but, vine nutrition should not be ignored. To help plan nutrient management the following questions need answering: What are the essential elements for the growth and performance of vines? How can the need for these be measured? What fertilisers can be used to fulfil this need? How much and when should these be applied?
WineSkills%20Sustainability%20Workbook%20D1.V2%20030112_0.docx