Table 4.7 Example of an environmental risk assessment for sodium Hazard Maximum risk (ie no preventive Residual risk (ie with measures, uncontrolled) preventive measures) CP Use or Environ- Critical Receiving CP or Preventive exposure environment mental Maximum in environmental Likeli- Resid- entry or receptor endpoint Effect Likelihood Impact measure/s hood Impact ual risk riska pathway Salinity Air None Cross- connect- Plants Plants Toxicity Rare Minor Low – ion Soils Plants Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Irrigation Air None – Infrastructure Infrastructure Salinity Possible Minor Moderate Soils Site selection Unlikely Minor Low Plants Plants Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Soils Sodicity Possible Moderate High Soils Soil ameliorant Unlikely Minor Low Shandy — saline Possible Moderate High Distribution system water Unlikely Minor Low Possible Moderate High Treatment process Water treatment Unlikely Minor Low Water — Possible Moderate High Irrigation Irrigation tools Possible Moderate High ground Salinity Possible Moderate High Soils Site selection Possible Moderate High Water — Unlikely Moderate Moderate Irrigation Irrigation tools Rare Moderate Low surface Salinity Unlikely Moderate Moderate Soils Site selection Rare Moderate Low Infrastructure None – Storage system Plants None – Soils None – Water body Water — Salinity Buffer ground Unlikely Moderate Moderate Storage system distances/strips Decrease Unlikely Moderate Moderate Treatment process concentration Unlikely Moderate Moderate Soils Site selection Water — surface Salinity Unlikely Minor Low Storage and Water body Water — Salinity ground Possible Moderate High distribution system Design Unlikely Minor Low Possible Moderate High Groundwater Monitoring Unlikely Minor Low Storage and distribution system Monitoring Possible Moderate High Air None – Washing Infrastructure Salinity Possible Minor Moderate Infrastructure Monitoring Rare Minor Low Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Water body Water — surface Plants Plants Toxicity Rare Minor Low – Soils Plants Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – CP= control point Highlighting indicates a high or moderate maximum risk
Table 4.7 Example of an environmental risk assessment for sodium Hazard Maximum risk (ie no preventive measures, uncontrolled) Residual risk (ie with preventive measures) Use or Receiving Environ- Critical CP or CP exposure environment entry or receptor mental endpoint Effect Likelihood Impact Maximum in environmental riska pathway Preventive measure/s Likeli- hood Impact Resid- ual risk Salinity Cross- connect- Air Plants Plants None Toxicity Rare Minor Low – ion Soils Plants Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Irrigation Air None – Infrastructure Infrastructure Salinity Possible Minor Moderate Soils Site selection Unlikely Minor Low Plants Plants Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Soils Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Sodicity Possible Moderate High Soils Soil ameliorant Unlikely Minor Low Possible Moderate High Shandy — saline Distribution system water Unlikely Minor Low Possible Moderate High Treatment process Water treatment Unlikely Minor Low Water — ground Salinity Possible Moderate High Irrigation Irrigation tools Possible Moderate High Possible Moderate High Soils Site selection Possible Moderate High Water — surface Salinity Unlikely Moderate Moderate Irrigation Irrigation tools Rare Moderate Low Unlikely Moderate Moderate Soils Site selection Rare Moderate Low Storage system Infrastructure None – Plants None – Soils None – Water body Water — Salinity ground Unlikely Moderate Moderate Buffer Storage system distances/strips Unlikely Moderate Moderate Decrease Treatment process concentration Unlikely Moderate Moderate Soils Site selection Water — surface Salinity Unlikely Minor Low Water body Water — Salinity ground Possible Moderate High Storage and distribution system Design Unlikely Minor Low Possible Moderate High Groundwater Monitoring Unlikely Minor Low Possible Moderate High Storage and distribution system Monitoring Washing Air None – Infrastructure Salinity Possible Minor Moderate Infrastructure Monitoring Rare Minor Low Water body Water — surface Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – Plants Plants Toxicity Rare Minor Low – Soils Plants Salinity Unlikely Minor Low – CP= control point Highlighting indicates a high or moderate maximum risk
water-recycling-guidelines-full-21.docx