is indicated/implied DO NOT CREDIT wrong reaction type (e.g. oxidation) 2 F / pyruvate, accepts hydrogen (atoms); ACCEPT pyruvic acid DO NOT CREDIT ions hydrogen (unless also e–) / molecule 3 hydrogen from, reduced NAD / reduced E; ACCEPT NADH / NADH2 / NADH + H+ 4 (catalysed by) lactate dehydrogenase; for pyruvate lactate ACCEPT LDH → 5 no, oxygen / O2, to act as (final), hydrogen / electron, acceptor; 6 (so) link reaction / Krebs cycle / ETC, cannot take place; not a clear statement of taking place CREDIT no, electron transport chain / electron carrier chain / chemiosmosis / oxidative phosphorylation NAD / regenerated / recycled / able to be re-used; 7 E, IGNORE reduced NAD, oxidised / reoxidised (as this does not give the idea of reusing it) 8 allows glycolysis to continue / pyruvate continues to be made; Needs a clear statement 9 limited / small amount of / some, ATP can be produced; CREDIT 1 ATP (per pyruvate) / 2 ATP (rather than 28-38 per glucose) / only substrate level phosphorylation IGNORE ATP for ...’ ‘enough [5] 6. physical (probably from diagrams) 1 nostrils (open) to take in air; ACCEPT oxygen 2 (when submerged) nostrils close / nose closes, to, keep air in / stop air from escaping; ACCEPT oxygen IGNORE ref to keeping water out 3 lungs / airways, have high (vital) capacity; ACCEPT deep / barrel / large, chest IGNORE big lungs
is indicated/implied DO NOT CREDIT wrong reaction type (e.g. oxidation) 2 F / pyruvate, accepts hydrogen (atoms); ACCEPT pyruvic acid DO NOT CREDIT hydrogen ions (unless also e–) / molecule 3 hydrogen from, reduced NAD / reduced E; ACCEPT NADH / NADH2 / NADH + H+ 4 (catalysed by) lactate dehydrogenase; for pyruvate → lactate ACCEPT LDH 5 no, oxygen / O2, to act as (final), hydrogen / electron, acceptor; 6 (so) link reaction / Krebs cycle / ETC, cannot take place; a clear statement of not taking place CREDIT no, electron transport chain / electron carrier chain / chemiosmosis / oxidative phosphorylation 7 NAD / E, regenerated / recycled / able to be re-used; IGNORE reduced NAD, oxidised / reoxidised (as this does not give the idea of reusing it) 8 allows glycolysis to continue / pyruvate continues to be made; Needs a clear statement 9 limited / small amount of / some, ATP can be produced; CREDIT 1 ATP (per pyruvate) / 2 ATP (rather than 28-38 per glucose) / only substrate level phosphorylation IGNORE ‘enough ATP for ...’ [5] 6. physical (probably from diagrams) 1 nostrils (open) to take in air; ACCEPT oxygen 2 (when submerged) nostrils close / nose closes, to, keep air in / stop air from escaping; ACCEPT oxygen IGNORE ref to keeping water out 3 lungs / airways, have high (vital) capacity; ACCEPT deep / barrel / large, chest IGNORE big lungs
unit_4_qa.docx