Cattle up to 12 months of age should be excluded from areas irrigated with recycled water that has been derived from sources containing livestock waste, unless there is sufficient data to indicate the risks for a specific case can be managed. 3.6.4 Contamination of milk via recycled water use in dairy operations While not a risk to livestock health, the use of recycled water in dairy operations can potentially contaminate milk and pose a risk to human health. Pasteurisation of milk will effectively kill bacterial pathogens, but may be inadequate for inactivating the viral and protozoan pathogens present in human faeces. Therefore, if recycled water is derived from sewage or source water contaminated with human faeces, lactating dairy cattle should be excluded from areas irrigated with recycled water until the pasture is dry; also, recycled water should not be used for wash down of milking machinery. Table 3.9 Treatment processes and additional controls for use of recycled water in association with livestock (excluding pigs) Use Indicative treatment processes On-site preventive Water quality measures objectives SS <30 mg/L Livestock Secondary treatment with • • drinking helminth reduction (>25 days Disinfectant residual (eg • water of lagoon detention or an minimum chlorine equivalent filtration process) residual) or UV dosea and disinfection <100 per E. coli • or 100 mL Primary treatment with • >50 days of lagoon detention and disinfection Dairy shed wash down Recycled water not to be • used for consumption by cattle under 12 months of age • Secondary if the source of water contains treatment animal (eg abattoir or with saleyard) waste helminth reduction (>25 days of lagoon Recycled water not to be • detention used for wash down of or an milking machinery (unless equivalent specifically considered in filtration human health risk process) assessment) and soluble BOD5 • <20 mg/L or SS <30 mg/L Primary • • Disinfectant residual (eg treatment • minimum chlorine with residual) or UV dosea >50 days of lagoon <100 per E. coli • detention 100mL and soluble BOD5 • <20 mg/L
Cattle up to 12 months of age should be excluded from areas irrigated with recycled water that has been derived from sources containing livestock waste, unless there is sufficient data to indicate the risks for a specific case can be managed. 3.6.4 Contamination of milk via recycled water use in dairy operations While not a risk to livestock health, the use of recycled water in dairy operations can potentially contaminate milk and pose a risk to human health. Pasteurisation of milk will effectively kill bacterial pathogens, but may be inadequate for inactivating the viral and protozoan pathogens present in human faeces. Therefore, if recycled water is derived from sewage or source water contaminated with human faeces, lactating dairy cattle should be excluded from areas irrigated with recycled water until the pasture is dry; also, recycled water should not be used for wash down of milking machinery. Table 3.9 Treatment processes and additional controls for use of recycled water in association with livestock (excluding pigs) Use Indicative treatment processes On-site preventive measures Water quality objectives Livestock drinking water Dairy shed wash down • Secondary treatment with helminth reduction (>25 days of lagoon detention or an equivalent filtration process) and or • Primary treatment with >50 days of lagoon detention and • Secondary treatment with helminth reduction (>25 days of lagoon detention or an equivalent filtration process) and disinfection or • Primary treatment with >50 days of lagoon detention and disinfection • Recycled water not to be used for consumption by cattle under 12 months of age if the source of water contains animal (eg abattoir or saleyard) waste • Recycled water not to be used for wash down of milking machinery (unless specifically considered in human health risk assessment) • soluble BOD5 <20 mg/L • SS <30 mg/L • Disinfectant residual (eg minimum chlorine residual) or UV dosea • E. coli <100 per 100mL • soluble BOD5 <20 mg/L • SS <30 mg/L • Disinfectant residual (eg minimum chlorine residual) or UV dosea • E. coli <100 per 100 mL
water-recycling-guidelines-full-21.docx