peroxidation is probably the most explored area of research when it comes to ROS (Steinberg, 1997; Yla-Hertuala, 1999). It is commonly considered as a deleterious process (Benzie, 1996; Sevanian and Ursini, 2000) leading to structural modification of lipid/protein-assemblies, such as bio membranes and lipoproteins, and is usually associated with cellular modification. Cell membranes, which are structurally made up of large number of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), are highly susceptible to oxidative damage, resulting in membrane fluidity, permeability, and cellular metabolic functions (Bandhopadhyaya et al., 1999). All biological material contains a variety of PUFA, which are predominantly located in the membrane lipids. The spatial arrangement and interrelationships of these amphipathic lipids is thought to contribute to the overall susceptibility of cell membranes to free radical attack. PUFA have a characteristic methylene interrupted double bond structure. Because of double bond PUFA is susceptible to abstraction of hydrogen mediated by OH. The process of lipid peroxidation is a free radical chain reaction and involves three distinct steps; initiation, propagation and termination. PUFA reacts with a free radical to form a carbon centred radical, which further reacts with the molecular oxygen to form a lipid peroxyl radical. This is the initiation stage of lipid peroxidation process shown in Fig.5. In the propagation step the peroxyl radical reacts with another PUFA moiety, resulting in the formation of lipid hydro peroxides and lipid radicals. Lipid hydroperoxide is the first comparatively stable, product of the lipid peroxidation chain reaction (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1985; Fuller et al., 1988). In the termination stage, these lipid or lipid peroxy radicals are either consumed or they interact with each other to form stable compound. Thus, lipid peroxidation products include lipid peroxides, hydro peroxides, epoxy alcohols, Malondialdehyde, ethane, pentane and 4-hydroxy alkenes (Bendetti 1980; Mead 1980; De Zwart, 1998). et al., et al., et al.,
peroxidation is probably the most explored area of research when it comes to ROS (Steinberg, 1997; Yla-Hertuala, 1999). It is commonly considered as a deleterious process (Benzie, 1996; Sevanian and Ursini, 2000) leading to structural modification of lipid/protein-assemblies, such as bio membranes and lipoproteins, and is usually associated with cellular modification. Cell membranes, which are structurally made up of large number of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), are highly susceptible to oxidative damage, resulting in membrane fluidity, permeability, and cellular metabolic functions (Bandhopadhyaya et al., 1999). All biological material contains a variety of PUFA, which are predominantly located in the membrane lipids. The spatial arrangement and interrelationships of these amphipathic lipids is thought to contribute to the overall susceptibility of cell membranes to free radical attack. PUFA have a characteristic methylene interrupted double bond structure. Because of double bond PUFA is susceptible to abstraction of hydrogen mediated by OH. The process of lipid peroxidation is a free radical chain reaction and involves three distinct steps; initiation, propagation and termination. PUFA reacts with a free radical to form a carbon centred radical, which further reacts with the molecular oxygen to form a lipid peroxyl radical. This is the initiation stage of lipid peroxidation process shown in Fig.5. In the propagation step the peroxyl radical reacts with another PUFA moiety, resulting in the formation of lipid hydro peroxides and lipid radicals. Lipid hydroperoxide is the first comparatively stable, product of the lipid peroxidation chain reaction (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1985; Fuller et al., 1988). In the termination stage, these lipid or lipid peroxy radicals are either consumed or they interact with each other to form stable compound. Thus, lipid peroxidation products include lipid peroxides, hydro peroxides, epoxy alcohols, Malondialdehyde, ethane, pentane and 4-hydroxy alkenes (Bendetti et al., 1980; Mead et al., 1980; De Zwart, et al., 1998).
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