Baumgartner To compare the 47 healthy subjects Subjects consumed Dietary intake by Minimised by Significant decrease Power 2013 effects of plant (38% male, 18-70y), 20g margarine per validated FFQ at cross-over in total and LDL calculation sterols with 43 completed study. day containing end of each design and cholesterol in both performed for stanols on Mean baseline LDL-C either no PS, 3g intervention period. similarity of sterol and stanol oxyphytosterol oxyphytosterol concentrations was plant sterols or 3g Compliance by dietary intakes periods. No levels. levels 3.5 mmol/L. plant stanols. PS return of unused between differences between Government were esterified with product. intervention sterol and stanol funded. rapeseed oil fatty Blood lipid periods. period. No change acids. measured in HDL levels. 3x 4wk periods with enzymatically with 4wk washout. LDL calculated. ANOVA analysis with Bonferroni post-hoc testing. Buyuktuncer Parallel To assess the 70 subjects with Participants Dietary intake by 3d Groups well Significant decrease Industry 2013 effects of plant untreated mild to consumed 115g diet diary in run-in matched at in total and LDL funded. stanol intake in moderate yogurt with or and week 4. baseline and cholesterol. No yoghurt in a without 1.9g plant Compliance by dietary intakes significant change Turkish (27% male, stanol esters with patient interview similar during in HDL cholesterol. population 35 participants lunch each day. and return of intervention. in each group, 2wk run-in, 4wk unopened and withdrawals not intervention. uneaten product. reported. Blood lipids by standard techniques with LDL calculated. Analysis by general linear model repeated measures procedure.
Baumgartner 2013 To compare the effects of plant sterols with stanols on oxyphytosterol levels 47 healthy subjects (38% male, 18-70y), 43 completed study. Mean baseline LDL-C concentrations was 3.5 mmol/L. Subjects consumed 20g margarine per day containing either no PS, 3g plant sterols or 3g plant stanols. PS were esterified with rapeseed oil fatty acids. 3x 4wk periods with 4wk washout. Dietary intake by validated FFQ at end of each intervention period. Compliance by return of unused product. Blood lipid measured enzymatically with LDL calculated. ANOVA analysis with Bonferroni post-hoc testing. Minimised by cross-over design and similarity of dietary intakes between intervention periods. Significant decrease in total and LDL cholesterol in both sterol and stanol periods. No differences between sterol and stanol period. No change in HDL levels. Power calculation performed for oxyphytosterol levels. Government funded. Buyuktuncer 2013 Parallel To assess the effects of plant stanol intake in yoghurt in a Turkish population 70 subjects with untreated mild to moderate (27% male, 35 participants in each group, withdrawals not reported. Participants consumed 115g yogurt with or without 1.9g plant stanol esters with lunch each day. 2wk run-in, 4wk intervention. Dietary intake by 3d diet diary in run-in and week 4. Compliance by patient interview and return of unopened and uneaten product. Blood lipids by standard techniques with LDL calculated. Analysis by general linear model repeated measures procedure. Groups well matched at baseline and dietary intakes similar during intervention. Significant decrease in total and LDL cholesterol. No significant change in HDL cholesterol. Industry funded.
Systematic%20review%20phytosterols%20and%20cholesterol.docx