Assembly Language and the 1949 Assembly Language was introduced by the British with the EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer). This computer was inspired by the EDVAC and was the second computer. EDSAC had stored-program an called which assembler Initial Orders used single-letter mnemonic symbols to represent different series of bits. While still tedious, entering a program took less time and fewer errors were made. Grace” “Amazing Hopper was mentioned a couple sections ago as one of the first programmers of the Mark-I. She is also credited with making the term popular after a debugging couple colleagues pulled the first literal computer bug (a moth) out of the Mark-II. Her biggest accomplishments are in the area of computer languages. In the 1940s, Grace Hopper did not like the way we were programming computers. The issue was not that it was difficult. This issue was that it was tedious. She knew there had to be a better way. The whole reason computers were invented in the first place was to do the repetitive, tedious tasks that human being do not want to do. It should be possible to program a computer using English words that make sense, rather than using just 1s and 0s. Imagine the presidents of the United States and Russia want to have a meeting. The American President speaks English. The Russian President speaks Russian. Who else needs to be at this meeting? They need a Grace Hopper translator. understood this. If she wanted to program a computer with English words, she would need some type of to translate these words into the machine translator language of the computer. Grace Hopper wrote the first (a type of translator) in 1952 for the compiler language The language itself was not successful because people either did A-0. not understand or did not believe what a compiler could do. Even so, A-0 paved the way for several other computer languages that followed. Many of which were also created in part or in whole by Grace Hopper. Her immeasurable contributions to computer science have earned her the nickname The Cray XE6 supercomputer and the USS Hopper “Amazing Navy destroyer are also named after her. Hopper
Assembly Language and the 1949 Assembly Language was introduced by the British with the EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer). This computer was inspired by the EDVAC and was the second stored-program computer. EDSAC had an assembler called Initial Orders which used single-letter mnemonic symbols to represent different series of bits. While still tedious, entering a program took less time and fewer errors were made. “Amazing Grace” Hopper was mentioned a couple sections ago as one of the first programmers of the Mark-I. She is also credited with making the term debugging popular after a couple colleagues pulled the first literal computer bug (a moth) out of the Mark-II. Her biggest accomplishments are in the area of computer languages. In the 1940s, Grace Hopper did not like the way we were programming computers. The issue was not that it was difficult. This issue was that it was tedious. She knew there had to be a better way. The whole reason computers were invented in the first place was to do the repetitive, tedious tasks that human being do not want to do. It should be possible to program a computer using English words that make sense, rather than using just 1s and 0s. Imagine the presidents of the United States and Russia want to have a meeting. The American President speaks English. The Russian President speaks Russian. Who else needs to be at this meeting? They need a translator. Grace Hopper understood this. If she wanted to program a computer with English words, she would need some type of translator to translate these words into the machine language of the computer. Grace Hopper wrote the first compiler (a type of translator) in 1952 for the language A-0. The language itself was not successful because people either did not understand or did not believe what a compiler could do. Even so, A-0 paved the way for several other computer languages that followed. Many of which were also created in part or in whole by Grace Hopper. Her immeasurable contributions to computer science have earned her the nickname “Amazing The Cray XE6 Hopper supercomputer and the USS Hopper Navy destroyer are also named after her.
Text01-IntroToCS.docx