Developing a Visemes List The first toward the elaboration of a LipWriting chart is to obtain a list of visemes for the target language. Depending on the researchers, a given language may have more or less visemes. Some visemes are harder to distinguish. They may be considered as equivalent or as different. Visemes readability may be affected by surrounding syllables. For the Algerian Arabic visemes equivalencies, we used: Special Issue of International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887) – on Software Engineering, Databases and Expert Systems SEDEXS, September 2012 – Visual Speech Analysis,Application to Arabic Phonemes Fatma Zohra Chelali, Khadidja Sadeddine, Amar Djeradi. Speech communication and signal processing laboratory. Electronics and computer Science Faculty. Houari Boumedienne University of sciences and Technologies, Algiers, Algeria According to this study, there are 11 visemes. The associated phonemes are grouped by visemes. Latin Arabic Letters Phonemes Characters 1. Ba { ,ب } /b, m/ م 2. Cha { ,ش } / , z/ ج š 3. dha {ظ ,ذ ,ث } / θ, δ, δ/ 4. Ha {ه , , , , , ,خ , } k, x, q/ ح غ ع أ ق ك /?, ς, γ, ħ, h, 5. Ta /d, n, {س , , , , , , , t, s, Z, ť, ʒ, ś, ت ن د ي ص ج , , } j, ď/ ط ز ض 6. Fa { /f/ ف} 7. La { /l/ ل} 8. Ra { /r/ ر}
Developing a Visemes List The first toward the elaboration of a LipWriting chart is to obtain a list of visemes for the target language. Depending on the researchers, a given language may have more or less visemes. Some visemes are harder to distinguish. They may be considered as equivalent or as different. Visemes readability may be affected by surrounding syllables. For the Algerian Arabic visemes equivalencies, we used: Special Issue of International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) on Software Engineering, Databases and Expert Systems – SEDEXS, September 2012 Visual Speech Analysis,Application to Arabic Phonemes Fatma Zohra Chelali, Khadidja Sadeddine, Amar Djeradi. Speech communication and signal processing laboratory. Electronics and computer Science Faculty. Houari Boumedienne University of sciences and Technologies, Algiers, Algeria According to this study, there are 11 visemes. The associated phonemes are grouped by visemes. Latin Characters Arabic Letters Phonemes 1. Ba { م ,ب } /b, m/ 2. Cha { ج ,ش } / š , z/ 3. dha {ظ ,ذ ,ث } / θ, δ, δ/ 4. Ha {ه , ح , غ , ع , أ , ق ,خ , ك } /?, ς, γ, ħ, h, k, x, q/ 5. Ta {س , ت , ن , د , ي , ص , ج , ط , ز , ض } /d, n, t, s, Z, ť, ʒ, ś, j, ď/ 6. Fa { ف} /f/ 7. La { ل} /l/ 8. Ra { ر} /r/
sws0020_SignAnimating-4-SpeechAnimating1409141909.docx