Began with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte influenced by Enlightenment ideals failed to achieve all of its goals and at times degenerated into a chaotic bloodbath August 22, 1795, the National Convention, composed largely of Girondins who had survived the Reign of Terror, approved a new constitution that created France’s first bicameral legislature. Napoleon’s domestic reforms: Concordat of 1801, codes, commercial codes, penal codes, and codes on criminal and civil procedures Citizens were allowed freedom of religion Period 3: Period of isms Russian post Revolution of Concert of dismantled Europe the Tsarist (Congress autocracy and of Vienna) led to the rise of Political the Soviet revolts and Union. The revolutions Russian Empire of 1830 and collapsed with 1848 the abdication National of Emperor unification Nicholas II and and liberal the old regime reforms was replaced by (Germany, a provisional Italy, government Britain) during the first Marx’ revolution of critique of February 1917. capitalism Alongside it arose grassroots community assemblies which contended for authority. In the
Began with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte influenced by Enlightenment ideals failed to achieve all of its goals and at times degenerated into a chaotic bloodbath August 22, 1795, the National Convention, composed largely of Girondins who had survived the Reign of Terror, approved a new constitution that created France’s first bicameral legislature. Napoleon’s domestic reforms: Concordat of 1801, codes, commercial codes, penal codes, and codes on criminal and civil procedures Citizens were allowed freedom of religion Period 3: of isms post Concert of Europe (Congress of Vienna) Political revolts and revolutions of 1830 and 1848 National unification and liberal reforms (Germany, Italy, Britain) Marx’ critique of capitalism Period Russian Revolution of dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the rise of the Soviet Union. The Russian Empire collapsed with the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II and the old regime was replaced by a provisional government during the first revolution of February 1917. Alongside it arose grassroots community assemblies which contended for authority. In the
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