Section 3.5, while preliminary inputs to use in these calculations are detailed in Section 4.2. Releases may be accidental or intentional. Table 2.1 Storage release details Release point Release mechanism Control measure Container Spill due to piercing Spill kit, bunding Blending unit Spill kit, bunding Dam Wall failure dam construction guidelines Dam Overflow State dam construction guidelines Dam Leak through dam floor Lining Table 2.2 Use release details Release point Release mechanism Control measure Pipes Leaks Spill kit, bunding Blending unit Spill kit, bunding Wellhead Blowout Blowout preventer Transport accidents Truck accidents may occur at any point along a transport route to intermediate holding warehouses, individual well sites or re-use and disposal sites, potentially releasing single chemicals, chemical formulations or other coal seam gas waste products to the environment. Depending on the location of an accident, release may be direct to an aquatic receiving environment or indirectly from an accident occurring at some distance from an aquatic ecosystem (e.g. a lake or other wetland, stream, or river). In this latter case, release is direct to soil and subject to runoff and other fate pathways discussed in Section 2.4. Truck accidents are single events where the potential release at any location is limited to the carrying capacity of the truck. Control measures may contain the contents of a spill or reduce the quantity of chemical entering a pathway to an aquatic receiving environment. These include materials that contain the spillages and spill kits on trucks. Storage accidents Mishandling of containers stored at intermediate holding warehouses and individual wells may result in container failure and release to the environment of single chemicals or formulated products. Noting that some chemicals are reformulated, spills of intermediate blends may also occur on site. Examples of mishandling include accidental piercing of containers and spills during reformulation. The release to the environment of process fluids stored in lined formulation pits prior to their use, or of stored coal seam gas waste products, may arise due to dam wall failure, overflow of dams during rainfall events, and from leaks through the dam lining or floor.
Section 3.5, while preliminary inputs to use in these calculations are detailed in Section 4.2. Releases may be accidental or intentional. Table 2.1 Storage release details Release point Release mechanism Control measure Container Spill due to piercing Spill kit, bunding Blending unit Spill kit, bunding Dam Wall failure dam construction guidelines Dam Overflow State dam construction guidelines Dam Leak through dam floor Lining Table 2.2 Use release details Release point Release mechanism Control measure Pipes Leaks Spill kit, bunding Blending unit Spill kit, bunding Wellhead Blowout Blowout preventer Transport accidents Truck accidents may occur at any point along a transport route to intermediate holding warehouses, individual well sites or re-use and disposal sites, potentially releasing single chemicals, chemical formulations or other coal seam gas waste products to the environment. Depending on the location of an accident, release may be direct to an aquatic receiving environment or indirectly from an accident occurring at some distance from an aquatic ecosystem (e.g. a lake or other wetland, stream, or river). In this latter case, release is direct to soil and subject to runoff and other fate pathways discussed in Section 2.4. Truck accidents are single events where the potential release at any location is limited to the carrying capacity of the truck. Control measures may contain the contents of a spill or reduce the quantity of chemical entering a pathway to an aquatic receiving environment. These include materials that contain the spillages and spill kits on trucks. Storage accidents Mishandling of containers stored at intermediate holding warehouses and individual wells may result in container failure and release to the environment of single chemicals or formulated products. Noting that some chemicals are reformulated, spills of intermediate blends may also occur on site. Examples of mishandling include accidental piercing of containers and spills during reformulation. The release to the environment of process fluids stored in lined formulation pits prior to their use, or of stored coal seam gas waste products, may arise due to dam wall failure, overflow of dams during rainfall events, and from leaks through the dam lining or floor.
technical-report-number-09-environment-exposure-conceptualisation.docx