– Empirical Lewis Diagram Central Atom(s) Central shape(s) Bond dipoles or – formula / Show valence e- lone pairs Atoms(s) around each polar Molecular only formula bonding e- central formula atom 3 CF4(g) C has 4 valence F Carbon has 0 lone Carbon has 4 Tetra F C Non │ electrons pairs bonding hedral Fluorine is more F has 7 valence F – C --- F electrons electronegative electrons Dipoles cancel F 4 OCl2(g) O has 6 valence e- Cl – O Oxygen has 2 Oxygen has 2 Angular, O Cl Polar Cl has 7 valence e- │ lone pairs bonding bent, Oxygen is slightly Cl electrons more electronegative than chlorine Unbalanced dipole – Ξ – 5 C2F2(g) C has 4 valence e- F C C F Carbon has 0 lone Carbon has 4 Linear F C Non polar F has 7 valence e- pairs bonding e-, Fluorine is more but they all electronegative go in one Dipoles cancel direction – 6 HOF(l) H has 1 valence e- H O Oxygen has 2 Oxygen has 2 Angular, O H O has 6 valence e │ lone pairs bonding Bent, Oxygen is more F has 7 valence e- F electrons electronegative O F Fluorine is more electronegative 7 NHF2(g) N has 5 valence e F – N – H Nitrogen has one Nitrogen has Pyramidal N F polar │ H has 1 valence e- lone pair 3 bonding e- Fluorine is more F has 7 valence e- F electronegative N H Nitrogen is more electronegative
Empirical formula / Molecular formula Lewis Diagram Show valence e- only formula Central Atom(s) – lone pairs Central Atoms(s) – bonding e- shape(s) around each central atom Bond dipoles or 3 CF4(g) C has 4 valence electrons F has 7 valence electrons F │ F – C --- F F Carbon has 0 lone pairs Carbon has 4 bonding electrons Tetra hedral F C Fluorine is more electronegative Dipoles cancel Non polar 4 OCl2(g) O has 6 valence e- Cl has 7 valence e- Cl – O │ Cl Oxygen has 2 lone pairs Oxygen has 2 bonding electrons Angular, bent, O Cl Oxygen is slightly more electronegative than chlorine Unbalanced dipole Polar 5 C2F2(g) C has 4 valence e- F has 7 valence e- F – C Ξ C – F Carbon has 0 lone pairs Carbon has 4 bonding e-, but they all go in one direction Linear F C Fluorine is more electronegative Dipoles cancel Non polar 6 HOF(l) H has 1 valence e- O has 6 valence e F has 7 valence e- H – O │ F Oxygen has 2 lone pairs Oxygen has 2 bonding electrons Angular, Bent, O H Oxygen is more electronegative O F Fluorine is more electronegative 7 NHF2(g) N has 5 valence e H has 1 valence e- F has 7 valence e- F – N – H │ F Nitrogen has one lone pair Nitrogen has 3 bonding e- Pyramidal N F Fluorine is more electronegative N H Nitrogen is more electronegative polar
Teacher_notes_Stereochemistry_Lab.docx