AMERICA Political Style Economic Policies Support Base Ideology Charismatic State-led with heavy Organized masses, Classical leader, social spending, mostly urban, open to inspirational protectionism heterogeneous social examination rhetoric (Cardoso and Faletto coalition (Conniff 1982, (Conniff 1982, 1979, Kaufman and (di Tella 1965, Drake 1982) Drake 1982) Stallings 1991) Conniff 1982) Personalistic Open to examination Unorganized, Open to Political leader with fiery (Roberts 1995, marginalized masses examination rhetoric (Barr Weyland 1996, (Knight 1998; (Knight 1998; 2003, Ellner 1999, 2003; Knight Roberts 1995; Weyland 2001) 2003) 1998) Weyland 1999) Manichean Open to examination Open to examination Open to Discourse discourse (Hawkins 2009, (Hawkins 2009, examination (Hawkins 2010; 2010; Mudde and 2010; Mudde and (Hawkins Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Kaltwasser 2012) 2010; Mudde Kaltwasser and Kaltwasser 2012) 2012) EUROPE Political Style Economic Policies Support Ideology Charismatic Open to examination No one Conventional “electorate” leader, (Betz 1996, Schain but usually includes 1997, Mudde 1999) male, private anti-immigrant, mobilization of sector voters (Betz “welfare resentment 1994; Kitschelt and chauvinist” (Betz and McGann 1995; (Betz 1994; Immerfall 1998) Swyngedouw 1998; Ivarsflaten Svasand 1998; 2008; Mudde Mudde 1999) 1997; Van der Brug et al 2000) Manichean Open to examination Open to examination Open to Moral discourse (Mudde 2007; (Mudde 2007; examination Discourse (Mudde and Mudde and Mudde and Mudde and Kaltwasser Kaltwasser 2012) Kaltwasser 2012) Kaltwasser 2012) 2012) Latin America- Political After an interlude of governments” (authoritarian regimes) in the 1960s and “antipopulist 1970s, populist leaders re-emerged in the 1980s and 1990s (Conniff 1999: 12). More
AMERICA Political Style Economic Policies Support Base Ideology Classical Charismatic leader, inspirational rhetoric (Conniff 1982, Drake 1982) State-led with heavy social spending, protectionism (Cardoso and Faletto 1979, Kaufman and Stallings 1991) Organized masses, mostly urban, heterogeneous social coalition (di Tella 1965, Conniff 1982) open to examination (Conniff 1982, Drake 1982) Political Personalistic leader with fiery rhetoric (Barr 2003, Ellner 2003) Open to examination (Roberts 1995, Weyland 1996, 1999, 2003; Knight 1998) Unorganized, marginalized masses (Knight 1998; Roberts 1995; Weyland 1999) Open to examination (Knight 1998; Weyland 2001) Discourse Manichean discourse (Hawkins 2010; Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Open to examination (Hawkins 2009, 2010; Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Open to examination (Hawkins 2009, 2010; Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Open to examination (Hawkins 2010; Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) EUROPE Political Style Economic Policies Support Ideology Conventional Charismatic leader, mobilization of resentment (Betz and Immerfall 1998) Open to examination (Betz 1996, Schain 1997, Mudde 1999) No one “electorate” but usually includes male, private sector voters (Betz 1994; Kitschelt and McGann 1995; Swyngedouw 1998; Svasand 1998; Mudde 1999) anti-immigrant, “welfare chauvinist” (Betz 1994; Ivarsflaten 2008; Mudde 1997; Van der Brug et al 2000) Moral Discourse Manichean discourse (Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Open to examination (Mudde 2007; Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Open to examination (Mudde 2007; Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Open to examination Mudde and Kaltwasser 2012) Latin America- Political After an interlude of “antipopulist governments” (authoritarian regimes) in the 1960s and 1970s, populist leaders re-emerged in the 1980s and 1990s (Conniff 1999: 12). More
Robert%20Nyenhuis%20Western%202013%20Conference.docx