+ / NC Juniper removal Shrub-steppe Counts Mechanical Green-tailed Sabol 2005 OR shearing of Towhee found juniper; bird after juniper census removal, but low numbers of observations suggest the results may not be significant. + Pinyon-juniper Piceance Mature pinyon-juniper Bird density Census using the O’Meara et removal (chaining) Basin, CO woodland spot-mapping Towhee density al. 1981 method. highest in most recent chaining treatment. No occurrence in unchained woodland. NC Pinyon removal Great Basin, Pinyon pine woodland with Counts Point counts and High densities of Woolley and Mono sporadic juniper that census, nest Green-tailed Heath 2006 County, CA merges into sagebrush with searching, and Towhee on both decreasing elevation territory spot treatment and mapping control plots - Pinyon-juniper Central Great Pinyon-juniper woodland, Incidence at each 75- or 100-m Under a Fleishman et expansion Basin (NV) sagebrush shrubsteppe, and point-count fixed-radius point expansion al. 2014 riparian woodland location counts and scenario, models boosted predict a 6% regression trees to decrease in model incidence occupied area (summed incidence). NC Herbicide East-central Shrubby, brush field with Estimated Spot map Treatment did not Beaver 1976 CA, grasses and scattered population size technique and nest affect species northwest of Jeffrey pine per 40 ha location composition, Truckee. population size, or relative abundance. Towhee not impacted.
Juniper removal + / NC OR Shrub-steppe Counts Mechanical shearing of juniper; bird census Green-tailed Towhee found after juniper removal, but low numbers of observations suggest the results may not be significant. Sabol 2005 Pinyon-juniper removal (chaining) + Piceance Basin, CO Mature pinyon-juniper woodland Bird density Census using the spot-mapping method. Towhee density highest in most recent chaining treatment. No occurrence in unchained woodland. O’Meara et al. 1981 Pinyon removal NC Great Basin, Mono County, CA Pinyon pine woodland with sporadic juniper that merges into sagebrush with decreasing elevation Counts Point counts and census, nest searching, and territory spot mapping High densities of Green-tailed Towhee on both treatment and control plots Woolley and Heath 2006 Pinyon-juniper expansion - Central Great Basin (NV) Pinyon-juniper woodland, sagebrush shrubsteppe, and riparian woodland Incidence at each point-count location 75- or 100-m fixed-radius point counts and boosted regression trees to model incidence Under a expansion scenario, models predict a 6% decrease in occupied area (summed incidence). Fleishman et al. 2014 Herbicide NC East-central CA, northwest of Truckee. Shrubby, brush field with grasses and scattered Jeffrey pine Estimated population size per 40 ha Spot map technique and nest location Treatment did not affect species composition, population size, or relative abundance. Towhee not impacted. Beaver 1976
Sagebrush%20birds%20WAFWA%20draft%2010-27-16.docx