Appendix 2 Developmental Guidelines Development of Speech Sounds There is great variation in the rate of children’s development of speech and language so the ages below should be used as a guide only. Knowledge of normal stages of development may aid identification of SLCN. The table shows at what age 50% and 90% of children usually use the sounds listed. 50% of children 90% of children use sounds use these sounds by by most vowels 1 ½ to 2 years 3 years p, b, m, n, t. d.w 1 ½ to 2 years 3 k, g, f, h,y 1 ½ to 3 years 4 years ng, s 1 ½ to 3 years 5 years L 3 to 3 ½ years 6 years sh, ch, j, z, v 3 ½ to 4 ½ 6 years r, th 4 ½ to 5 ½ years 7 NB The common errors of for e.g. for and for ‘f’ ‘th’ ‘fumb’ ‘thumb’ ‘w’ ‘r’ e.g. for are immaturities not to be worried about and may not need ‘wed’ ‘red’ therapy. Sound Clusters Two or more consonants together are known as or and take longer ‘clusters’ ‘blends’ to develop e.g. sp, st, pl, cr. Beginning of pl/bl, cl/gl, fl e.g. play, blue Usually by 4 4½ years – Beginning of Words pr/br, tr/dr, fr e.g. present, Usually by 4 4½ years – bridge. qu (‘kw’) e.g. queen has the cluster ‘kw’. sm, sn, sp, st, sk, sw, sl Usually by 5 Beginning and/or End of e.g. smile, spider, ask. Words e.g. Ends of ms, -ls, -ps, -ts, -ks Usually by 4 - 4½ years drums, balls, lips Beginning or Middle of spr, str, scr, spl, thr, shr Usually by 7 years Words e.g. spring, instruction Development of Speech and Language 5 Years and Upwards AGE UNDERSTANDING EXPRESSION Understands more complex stories Generally well formed sentences 5 years Understands questions but still errors e.g. boys ‘how’/ ‘why’ “the Can name categories and give fighted in the playground?” examples from theme e.g. food, animals.
Appendix 2 Developmental Guidelines Development of Speech Sounds There is great variation in the rate of children’s development of speech and language so the ages below should be used as a guide only. Knowledge of normal stages of development may aid identification of SLCN. The table shows at what age 50% and 90% of children usually use the sounds listed. 50% of children use sounds by 90% of children use these sounds by most vowels 1 ½ to 2 years 3 years p, b, m, n, t. d.w 1 ½ to 2 years 3 k, g, f, h,y 1 ½ to 3 years 4 years ng, s 1 ½ to 3 years 5 years L 3 to 3 ½ years 6 years sh, ch, j, z, v 3 ½ to 4 ½ 6 years r, th 4 ½ to 5 ½ years 7 NB The common errors of ‘f’ for ‘th’ e.g. ‘fumb’ for ‘thumb’ and ‘w’ for ‘r’ e.g. ‘wed’ for ‘red’ are immaturities not to be worried about and may not need therapy. Sound Clusters Two or more consonants together are known as ‘clusters’ or ‘blends’ and take longer to develop e.g. sp, st, pl, cr. Beginning of pl/bl, cl/gl, fl e.g. play, blue Usually by 4 – 4½ years Beginning of Words pr/br, tr/dr, fr e.g. present, bridge. qu (‘kw’) e.g. queen has the cluster ‘kw’. Usually by 4 – 4½ years Beginning and/or End of Words sm, sn, sp, st, sk, sw, sl e.g. smile, spider, ask. Usually by 5 Ends of ms, -ls, -ps, -ts, -ks e.g. drums, balls, lips Usually by 4 - 4½ years Beginning or Middle of Words spr, str, scr, spl, thr, shr e.g. spring, instruction Usually by 7 years Development of Speech and Language 5 Years and Upwards AGE UNDERSTANDING EXPRESSION 5 years Understands more complex stories Understands ‘how’/ ‘why’ questions Can name categories and give examples from theme e.g. food, animals. Generally well formed sentences but still errors e.g. “the boys fighted in the playground?”
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