Case study: SNWTP, China Scheme: Move water from the humid south to the arid north. Eastern canals, rivers, lakes – Central route reservoir and canals – Western route dams and tunnels – Positive impacts Because Negative impacts Because Reliable water supply for the 200 million people need 300 000 people moved to Disturbs communities, might north of China water to survive and be build dam mean farmers can no longer healthy enough to work work, become depressed Improves access to safe water So less diseases/healthier Ecosystems disturbed Loss of biodiversity if species population to work and pay become endangered/extinct taxes Water available for farming Allows economic Expensive and lots of Money could be used to and industries in the north development more money evaporation from canals improve efficiency instead or – for country/people increase water reuse or water treatment Assess the extent to which water supplies can be sustainably increased in a country you have studied. Case Hitosa, Ethiopia Scheme: gravity fed system that takes water from the mountains down to the sea level via 140 km pipeline. 100 public points and 150 agricultural connections. Water supplies can be Sustainable because…. Water supplies cannot be Not sustainable because… sustainably increased sustainably increased Provides a reliable for 65 000 Sustainable because it’s still Pipeline from the UK should Might not be able to afford people (25 litres per day) working 20 years on. last 30 years but very costly. another one after 30 year lifetime is up Managed by locals FGs will still be able to make Water has encouraged Too many people in the this system work migration. future for the scheme to supply enough Small charge for water Able to keep the system for Poor hygiene around taps Disease can spread and affect FGs FGs ability to have a clean water source
Case study: SNWTP, China Scheme: Move water from the humid south to the arid north. Eastern – canals, rivers, lakes Central route – reservoir and canals Western route – dams and tunnels Positive impacts Because Negative impacts Because Reliable water supply for the north of China 200 million people need water to survive and be healthy enough to work 300 000 people moved to build dam Disturbs communities, might mean farmers can no longer work, become depressed Improves access to safe water So less diseases/healthier population to work and pay taxes Ecosystems disturbed Loss of biodiversity if species become endangered/extinct Water available for farming and industries in the north Allows economic development – more money for country/people Expensive and lots of evaporation from canals Money could be used to improve efficiency instead or increase water reuse or water treatment Assess the extent to which water supplies can be sustainably increased in a country you have studied. Case Hitosa, Ethiopia Scheme: gravity fed system that takes water from the mountains down to the sea level via 140 km pipeline. 100 public points and 150 agricultural connections. Water supplies can be sustainably increased Sustainable because…. Water supplies cannot be sustainably increased Not sustainable because… Provides a reliable for 65 000 people (25 litres per day) Sustainable because it’s still working 20 years on. Pipeline from the UK should last 30 years but very costly. Might not be able to afford another one after 30 year lifetime is up Managed by locals FGs will still be able to make this system work Water has encouraged migration. Too many people in the future for the scheme to supply enough Small charge for water Able to keep the system for FGs Poor hygiene around taps Disease can spread and affect FGs ability to have a clean water source
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