Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) A type of purified tuberculin preparation – derived from old tuberculin (OT) and developed in the 1930’s. The standard Mantoux test uses 5 TU (tuberculin units) of PPD. Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) Test A method to determine whether a – person is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small dose of the antigen from M. tuberculosis is injected just beneath the surface of the skin and the area is examined 48 72 hours after the injection. A positive reaction is measured – according to the size of the indurations. The classifications for positive reaction depend on the patient’s medical history and various risk factors (see Mantoux Test). Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) Test Conversion Growth in duration – within a two year period after an initial negative reaction with a difference of 10 – or more millimeters or indurations. Such may represent new “conversion” infection which is associated with a high risk of developing disease, or may occur as a result of the Booster Phenomenon. Resistance The ability of some strains of bacteria (including M. tuberculosis) to – grow and multiply even in the presence of certain which normally kill them. (Such strains are referred to as resistant strains.”) “drug Smear (AFB Smear) A laboratory technique for visualizing mycobacteria. The – specimen is smeared onto a slide, stain and then placed under the microscope for examination. Smear results should be available within 24 hours. Large amount mycobacteria usually indicate infectiousness; however, a result is not “positive” definitive for TB. Source Case An infectious individual who has transmitted tubercle bacilli to – another person or persons. Source Control Control of a contaminant at the source of generation rather than – permitting it to enter the general work space. Sputum Material coughed up from deep within the If a patient has a – pulmonary infection, an examination of the sputum by a smear and culture can indicate what organism is responsible for the infection. It should not be confused with saliva or with nasal secretions. Sputum Positive AFB are visible after staining when viewed under a – microscope. Individuals with sputum smear positive for AFB are considered more infectious than those with smear negative sputum. –
Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) – A type of purified tuberculin preparation derived from old tuberculin (OT) and developed in the 1930’s. The standard Mantoux test uses 5 TU (tuberculin units) of PPD. Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) Test – A method to determine whether a person is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small dose of the antigen from M. tuberculosis is injected just beneath the surface of the skin and the area is examined 48 – 72 hours after the injection. A positive reaction is measured according to the size of the indurations. The classifications for positive reaction depend on the patient’s medical history and various risk factors (see Mantoux Test). Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) Test Conversion – Growth in duration within a two – year period after an initial negative reaction with a difference of 10 or more millimeters or indurations. Such “conversion” may represent new infection which is associated with a high risk of developing disease, or may occur as a result of the Booster Phenomenon. Resistance – The ability of some strains of bacteria (including M. tuberculosis) to grow and multiply even in the presence of certain which normally kill them. (Such strains are referred to as “drug resistant strains.”) Smear (AFB Smear) – A laboratory technique for visualizing mycobacteria. The specimen is smeared onto a slide, stain and then placed under the microscope for examination. Smear results should be available within 24 hours. Large amount mycobacteria usually indicate infectiousness; however, a “positive” result is not definitive for TB. Source Case – An infectious individual who has transmitted tubercle bacilli to another person or persons. Source Control – Control of a contaminant at the source of generation rather than permitting it to enter the general work space. Sputum – Material coughed up from deep within the If a patient has a pulmonary infection, an examination of the sputum by a smear and culture can indicate what organism is responsible for the infection. It should not be confused with saliva or with nasal secretions. Sputum Positive – AFB are visible after staining when viewed under a microscope. Individuals with sputum smear positive for AFB are considered more infectious than those with smear – negative sputum.
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