Tetrakis mg/L (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) Formaldehyde mg/L Total residual chlorine ppm Table 13: Environmental Isotopes Parameter Analysis Tritium (3H) Tritium analyses Provides information about younger groundwater ages and mixing; can be used to confirm the presence or absence of younger groundwater Chlorine-36 and Chlorine-37 Chlorine analyses Provides information about (36Cl and 37Cl) older groundwater ages and mixing Helium-4 (4He) Helium-4 analyses Provides information about vertical groundwater flow through aquifers and aquitards (Kv) over time, formation-scale porosity, groundwater flow rates, and paleoclimatic conditions Oxygen-18 (18O) Oxygen-18 and Deuterium Provides information about the analyses origin of natural waters and Deuterium (2H) processes that have affected groundwater since it entered the groundwater system Strontium-87 (87Sr) Strontium-87 and Strontium-86 Provides information on water- analyses interactions and the Strontium-86 (86Sr) provenance of aquifer rock formations; Carbon-13 (13CDIC) Carbon-13 and methane Provides information isotope analyses groundwater age Radiocarbon (14C) Radiocarbon aging analysis Provides information about groundwater age Methane (13C-CH4) Carbon-13 and methane Provides information about isotope analyses thermogenic or biogenic origins Methane (2H-CH4) of dissolved methane in groundwater (11B) Other geochemical, isotopic, Distinguishes the presence, CFC tracer, and noble gas source, and tracks the crustal Sulfur-32 and Sulfur-34 (32S, analytes movement of gas and fluids 34S) through time; identifies and Lithium-7 (7Li) quantifies surface (222Rn), CFCs groundwater interaction and CFC-12), Sulfur hyporheic exchange rates; hexachloride (SF-6) ages younger groundwater gasses: 4He, 20Ne, 36Ar 85KR
Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) mg/L Formaldehyde mg/L Total residual chlorine ppm Table 13: Environmental Isotopes Parameter Analysis Tritium (3H) Tritium analyses Provides information about younger groundwater ages and mixing; can be used to confirm the presence or absence of younger groundwater Chlorine-36 and Chlorine-37 (36Cl and 37Cl) Chlorine analyses Provides information about older groundwater ages and mixing Helium-4 (4He) Helium-4 analyses Provides information about vertical groundwater flow through aquifers and aquitards (Kv) over time, formation-scale porosity, groundwater flow rates, and paleoclimatic conditions Oxygen-18 (18O) Oxygen-18 and Deuterium analyses Provides information about the origin of natural waters and processes that have affected groundwater since it entered the groundwater system Deuterium (2H) Strontium-87 (87Sr) Strontium-87 and Strontium-86 analyses Provides information on interactions and the provenance of aquifer rock formations; Strontium-86 (86Sr) Carbon-13 (13CDIC) Carbon-13 and methane isotope analyses Provides information groundwater age Radiocarbon (14C) Radiocarbon aging analysis Provides information about groundwater age Methane (13C-CH4) Carbon-13 and methane isotope analyses Provides information about thermogenic or biogenic origins of dissolved methane in groundwater Methane (2H-CH4) (11B) Sulfur-32 and Sulfur-34 (32S, 34S) Lithium-7 (7Li) (222Rn), CFCs CFC-12), Sulfur hexachloride (SF-6) gasses: 4He, 20Ne, 36Ar 85KR Other geochemical, isotopic, CFC tracer, and noble gas analytes Distinguishes the presence, source, and tracks the crustal movement of gas and fluids through time; identifies and quantifies surface water- groundwater interaction and hyporheic exchange rates; ages younger groundwater
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