(671,000 km) Silicate rock and Liquid ocean under frozen surface kept warm by tidally generated D=1940 mi heat Smooth icy crust (3120 km) One of most studied objects by Layered interior astrobiologists structure Galileo discovered 1610 Io Distance from -298 to -226 °F White and yellow Synchronous Very thin Most volcanically object in our Jupiter= 262,000 mi solar system Mostly sulfur (422,000 km) -183 to -143 °C 1.77 days 90% sulfur compounds Dangerous surface (not stable) dioxide (SO2) Volcanoes/Lava Jupiter’s gravity causes 300 ft lakes in the solid surface D=2260 mi 10% gases “tides” (3600 km) Layered interior Galileo discovered 1610 structure Callisto Distance from -315 to -162 °F Grayish with Synchronous Very thin Most heavily cratered moon Jupiter= 1,170,000 mi orange Named after Greek mythology (1,883,000 km) -193 to -108 °C 16.7 days CO2 Mixture of rock, 3rd largest moon in solar system water ice, D=3000 mi Galileo discovered 1610 ammonia ice (4800 km) Titan Distance from Saturn= Avg -290°F Orange Synchronous Very thick and Only moon with clouds and dense 759,000 mi (-180°C) rotation dense atmosphere (1,222,000 km) Discovered 1655 by Huygens Nitrogen, 15 days 22 hrs 95% Nitrogen, methane, ethane 2nd largest moon in solar system D=6400 mi with traces of (5149km) methane, ethane clouds
(671,000 km) D=1940 mi (3120 km) Silicate rock and Smooth icy crust Layered interior structure Liquid ocean under frozen surface kept warm by tidally generated heat One of most studied objects by astrobiologists Galileo discovered 1610 Io Distance from Jupiter= 262,000 mi (422,000 km) D=2260 mi (3600 km) -298 to -226 °F -183 to -143 °C White and yellow Mostly sulfur compounds Volcanoes/Lava lakes Layered interior structure Synchronous 1.77 days Very thin 90% sulfur dioxide (SO2) 10% gases Most volcanically object in our solar system Dangerous surface (not stable) Jupiter’s gravity causes 300 ft “tides” in the solid surface Galileo discovered 1610 Callisto Distance from Jupiter= 1,170,000 mi (1,883,000 km) D=3000 mi (4800 km) -315 to -162 °F -193 to -108 °C Grayish with orange Mixture of rock, water ice, ammonia ice Synchronous 16.7 days Very thin CO2 Most heavily cratered moon Named after Greek mythology 3rd largest moon in solar system Galileo discovered 1610 Titan Distance from Saturn= 759,000 mi (1,222,000 km) D=6400 mi (5149km) Avg -290°F (-180°C) Orange Nitrogen, methane, ethane Synchronous rotation 15 days 22 hrs Very thick and dense 95% Nitrogen, with traces of methane, ethane clouds Only moon with clouds and dense atmosphere Discovered 1655 by Huygens 2nd largest moon in solar system
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