Convection plays a dominant role in the vertical redistribution of chemicals in the troposphere with implications for radiation, long-range transport, and chemical aging 1996; [Pickering et al., 2012; 2007]. Transformation of gases and aerosols during convective Apel et al., Bertram et al., transport from the boundary layer is critical in understanding the free troposphere and global atmospheric composition [Pickering 2001; 2010]. The research community et al., Tost et al., needs a combination of remote sensing, ground-based lidar, sondes and in situ (aircraft) observations integrating cloud dynamics, microphysics, and chemical properties. Priority research questions include: 2.1.3.1 How are water-soluble species transported and transformed in different types of deep convective systems (Critical)? 2.1.3.2 How do different precipitation forms transform and redistribute water-soluble species (Important)? 2.1.3.3 How does convection produce chemically distinct layers in the troposphere, why do layers persist, and what are the implications of these layers (Critical) ? 2.1.3.4 How do pollution and deep convection interact to deliver pollutants to the upper troposphere (Very Important)? Question Observation Resolution Accuracy Precision time and space 2.1.3.1 Multi-aircraft campaigns scale See specifications for focused on sampling deep SEAC4RS campaign; add convective events and NH3 to payload (accuracy including extensive payloads and precision 100 pptv) for gases, aerosol, cloud microphysics. 2.1.3.2 Ibid. but for different kinds of Cloud scale Ibid ibid precipitation systems including shallow convection and frontal lifting 2.1.3.3 Satellite and aircraft Hourly on synoptic to 0.05 AOD for 0.05 AOD for observations of persistent global scale, 1 km lidar, other lidar, other layers geostationary and LEO specs as above specs as above – lidar aerosol observations, aircraft campaigns 2.1.3.4 Same as 2.1.3.1 Same as 2.1.3.1 Same as Same as 2.1.3.1 2.1.3.1
Convection plays a dominant role in the vertical redistribution of chemicals in the troposphere with implications for radiation, long-range transport, and chemical aging [Pickering et al., 1996; Apel et al., 2012; Bertram et al., 2007]. Transformation of gases and aerosols during convective transport from the boundary layer is critical in understanding the free troposphere and global atmospheric composition [Pickering et al., 2001; Tost et al., 2010]. The research community needs a combination of remote sensing, ground-based lidar, sondes and in situ (aircraft) observations integrating cloud dynamics, microphysics, and chemical properties. Priority research questions include: 2.1.3.1 How are water-soluble species transported and transformed in different types of deep convective systems (Critical)? 2.1.3.2 How do different precipitation forms transform and redistribute water-soluble species (Important)? 2.1.3.3 How does convection produce chemically distinct layers in the troposphere, why do layers persist, and what are the implications of these layers (Critical) ? 2.1.3.4 How do pollution and deep convection interact to deliver pollutants to the upper troposphere (Very Important)? Question Observation Resolution time and space Accuracy Precision 2.1.3.1 Multi-aircraft campaigns focused on sampling deep convective events and including extensive payloads for gases, aerosol, cloud microphysics. scale See specifications for SEAC4RS campaign; add NH3 to payload (accuracy and precision 100 pptv) 2.1.3.2 Ibid. but for different kinds of precipitation systems including shallow convection and frontal lifting Cloud scale Ibid ibid 2.1.3.3 Satellite and aircraft observations of persistent layers – geostationary and LEO lidar aerosol observations, aircraft campaigns Hourly on synoptic to global scale, 1 km 0.05 AOD for lidar, other specs as above 0.05 AOD for lidar, other specs as above 2.1.3.4 Same as 2.1.3.1 Same as 2.1.3.1 Same as 2.1.3.1 Same as 2.1.3.1
SMDWorkshop_report_final.docx