() Randomised, 3 Determine whether the Initial: 18 final: 46.6 years+/- Natural CLA: 4.2% of 3 x 8 week dietary periods Dose of CLA in 15. Reason for separated by 4 week wash natural products consumption of milk 2.0, 44% milk fats, loss: out period. Participants achieved via crossover, naturally or synthetically female, iTFA: 4.2% and consumed 1000mls/day of and Personal single blind enriched with CLA alters moderately untreated control. milk naturally enriched with therefore in the reasons (n = 2) blood lipids, liver function, C overweight, CLA, milk synthetically study, is limited and pregnancy reactive protein, tumour borderline enriched with CLA or by ability to (n = 1) necrosis factor alpha, body untreated milk in addition to naturally increase weight and body their usual diet levels via animal composition in moderately (uncontrolled). Diet arm feed. overweight, borderline which included synthetic hyperlipidaemia participants. CLA did not meet review inclusion criteria and was therefore excluded from the analysis. () Initial: 63 final: 30.9 +/- 13.7, Randomised, Study the effect of high High oleic acid, CLA, were identical other than Men were more 61. Reason for years, 59% single doses of CLA on lipoprotein and vegetable oil the 7% of total energy as CLA, sensitive to the loss: female, multiple levels in human RCTs Total TFA intake was industrial TFA or oleic acid. effects of TFA than healthy Illness and crossover trial 1.6% higher in CLA iTFA used as a positive control. women. No personal diet compared to CLA arm did not meet washout period reasons. Both iTFA. inclusion criteria of the between diets. unrelated to the current review and these trial. results were excluded from the analysis. CLA: conjugated linoleic acid, HDL: high density lipoprotein, iTFA: industrial trans fatty acids, LDL: low density lipoprotein, MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids, rTFA: ruminant trans fatty acids, TFA: Trans fatty acids
() Randomised, 3 crossover, single blind Determine whether the consumption of milk naturally or synthetically enriched with CLA alters blood lipids, liver function, C reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor alpha, body weight and body composition in moderately overweight, borderline hyperlipidaemia participants. Initial: 18 final: 15. Reason for loss: Personal reasons (n = 2) and pregnancy (n = 1) 46.6 years+/- 2.0, 44% female, moderately overweight, borderline Natural CLA: 4.2% of milk fats, iTFA: 4.2% and untreated control. 3 x 8 week dietary periods separated by 4 week wash out period. Participants consumed 1000mls/day of milk naturally enriched with CLA, milk synthetically enriched with CLA or untreated milk in addition to their usual diet (uncontrolled). Diet arm which included synthetic CLA did not meet review inclusion criteria and was therefore excluded from the analysis. Dose of CLA in natural products achieved via and therefore in the study, is limited by ability to naturally increase levels via animal feed. () Randomised, single multiple crossover trial Study the effect of high doses of CLA on lipoprotein levels in human RCTs Initial: 63 final: 61. Reason for loss: Illness and personal reasons. Both unrelated to the trial. 30.9 +/- 13.7, years, 59% female, healthy High oleic acid, CLA, and vegetable oil Total TFA intake was 1.6% higher in CLA diet compared to iTFA. were identical other than the 7% of total energy as CLA, industrial TFA or oleic acid. iTFA used as a positive control. CLA arm did not meet inclusion criteria of the current review and these results were excluded from the analysis. Men were more sensitive to the effects of TFA than women. No washout period between diets. CLA: conjugated linoleic acid, HDL: high density lipoprotein, iTFA: industrial trans fatty acids, LDL: low density lipoprotein, MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids, rTFA: ruminant trans fatty acids, TFA: Trans fatty acids
SD3%20%20Systematic%20Review.docx