alkali metals have one valence electron in their atom. Thus, their chemical properties are similar. The number of the valence shell in an atom determines its position in the Periodic Table i.e. the period to which the element belongs. Elements having 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the valence shell are metals. Exception is H and He. Elements having 4 to 7 electrons in their valence shell are non-metals. Radioactive tracers also known as radio active isotopes are used to identify and treat diseases. These Isotopes can be used to detect the exact position of a blood clot or tumor in the human body once introduced into the system. These tracers can also be used to study the movement of ions across the membrane. They are even used in carbon dating to find the age of old living things. Chemical Context of Life- Jared Davis Question 2: Explain the different types of bonds between atoms. Give an example of each. Then rank them from strongest to weakest. Covalent (polar versus nonpolar) A covalent bond is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms. A nonpolar covalent bond is a bond in the electrons are equally shared (occurs when the atoms in the bond are equally electronegative - the attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.) for example: a bond between two oxygen molecules. A Polar Covalent bond is one in which the electrons are not shared equally. A water molecule is an example of a molecule bonded through a Polar Covalent bond. Ionic A charged atom (or molecule) is called an ion. A positively charged ion is called a cation, while a negatively charged ion is called an anion. An Ionic Bond is a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Salts are compounds formed by ionic bonds and are called Ionic Compounds. Hydrogen A Hydrogen Bond a type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. Water molecules bond together through Hydrogen bonding. Van der Waals interactions Van der Waals Interactions weak attractions between molecules or ports of molecules that are – brought about by localized charge fluctuations. Vad der waals Interactions also play a role in the bonding between water molecules. Strength Ranking Covalent bonds Ionic bonds Hydrogen Bond Van der Interactions
alkali metals have one valence electron in their atom. Thus, their chemical properties are similar. The number of the valence shell in an atom determines its position in the Periodic Table i.e. the period to which the element belongs. Elements having 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the valence shell are metals. Exception is H and He. Elements having 4 to 7 electrons in their valence shell are non-metals. Radioactive tracers also known as radio active isotopes are used to identify and treat diseases. These Isotopes can be used to detect the exact position of a blood clot or tumor in the human body once introduced into the system. These tracers can also be used to study the movement of ions across the membrane. They are even used in carbon dating to find the age of old living things. Chemical Context of Life- Jared Davis Question 2: Explain the different types of bonds between atoms. Give an example of each. Then rank them from strongest to weakest. Covalent (polar versus nonpolar) A covalent bond is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms. A nonpolar covalent bond is a bond in the electrons are equally shared (occurs when the atoms in the bond are equally electronegative - the attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.) for example: a bond between two oxygen molecules. A Polar Covalent bond is one in which the electrons are not shared equally. A water molecule is an example of a molecule bonded through a Polar Covalent bond. Ionic A charged atom (or molecule) is called an ion. A positively charged ion is called a cation, while a negatively charged ion is called an anion. An Ionic Bond is a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Salts are compounds formed by ionic bonds and are called Ionic Compounds. Hydrogen A Hydrogen Bond a type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. Water molecules bond together through Hydrogen bonding. Van der Waals interactions Van der Waals Interactions – weak attractions between molecules or ports of molecules that are brought about by localized charge fluctuations. Vad der waals Interactions also play a role in the bonding between water molecules. Strength Ranking Covalent bonds Ionic bonds Hydrogen Bond Van der Interactions
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