Treat seed with hot water before planting Sow seed thinly or thin seeding when they appear crowed Do not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer or too much irrigation water Practice solarisation (4-6 weeks) before sowing seeds. spp) Sterilize soil for seed boxes for nursing. (Pre-harvest nursery problem) – Drain off excess water Improve aeration by stirring soil Drench soil with approved copper fungicide follow instruction on the Burn diseased seedlings. Do not locate seedbeds on a land with a previous history of fusarium wilt Raise soil pH by liming where soil is acidic Control root not nematodes Wilt disease (Fusarium Avoid application of excessive nitrogen semisectum) 8 Use resistant varieties if present (Pre-harvest seedling to fruiting – Treat seed with recommended the crop with fungicide will not control the disease stage) once Plant in neutral soils for seedbed irrigate plants long rotation D. Okra Major pests and Diseases/ Stage No. Recommended cultural practice and direct interventions Aphids natural enemies such as lady bird beetles, hoverfly, lacewings, parasitic wasps like Aphidius (Aphis gossypii, Myzus •Conserve 1 spp (mummified-brown, dry and inflated as a result of having been parasitized by a small wasp). persicae) (Pre-harvest all stages) Rain and overhead irrigation discourages aphides. Spray with soap solution or neem – • • Cotton stainers (Dysdercus Usually no May be controlled biologically by chickens or Neem seed extracts can be spp.) • and other sucking bugs (Nezara used in severe After AESA, use fast acting pesticide in case of heavy infestations. •Trap 2 nymphs with split kapok or baobab seeds then destroy – reproductive stage) mechanically nymphs and reduce number Flea beetles (Nisotra good agricultural practices (fertilization, irrigation, soil management) to okra to out grow spp., •Ensure damage Podagrica spp.) 3 (Pre-harvest early vegetative Stir around plants to expose eggs and in the soil to predators, e.g. ants, birds. – stage) Control only if it is damaging seedlings and young plants severely with soil treatment recommended
spp) (Pre-harvest – nursery problem) Treat seed with hot water before planting Sow seed thinly or thin seeding when they appear crowed Do not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer or too much irrigation water Practice solarisation (4-6 weeks) before sowing seeds. Sterilize soil for seed boxes for nursing. Drain off excess water Improve aeration by stirring soil Drench soil with approved copper fungicide follow instruction on the Burn diseased seedlings. 8 Wilt disease (Fusarium semisectum) (Pre-harvest – seedling to fruiting stage) Do not locate seedbeds on a land with a previous history of fusarium wilt Raise soil pH by liming where soil is acidic Control root not nematodes Avoid application of excessive nitrogen Use resistant varieties if present Treat seed with recommended the crop with fungicide will not control the disease once Plant in neutral soils for seedbed irrigate plants long rotation D. Okra No. Major pests and Diseases/ Stage Recommended cultural practice and direct interventions 1 Aphids (Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae) (Pre-harvest – all stages) •Conserve natural enemies such as lady bird beetles, hoverfly, lacewings, parasitic wasps like Aphidius spp (mummified-brown, dry and inflated as a result of having been parasitized by a small wasp). • Rain and overhead irrigation discourages aphides. • Spray with soap solution or neem 2 Cotton stainers (Dysdercus spp.) and other sucking bugs (Nezara – reproductive stage) • Usually no May be controlled biologically by chickens or Neem seed extracts can be used in severe After AESA, use fast acting pesticide in case of heavy infestations. •Trap nymphs with split kapok or baobab seeds then destroy mechanically nymphs and reduce number 3 Flea beetles (Nisotra spp., Podagrica spp.) (Pre-harvest – early vegetative stage) •Ensure good agricultural practices (fertilization, irrigation, soil management) to okra to out grow damage Stir around plants to expose eggs and in the soil to predators, e.g. ants, birds. Control only if it is damaging seedlings and young plants severely with soil treatment recommended
SFG2436-EA-P150369-Box396308B-PUBLIC-Disclosed-9-16-2016.docx