Citation Study Population Intervention Outcomes Sample Compliance to Results & design level measured size sodium target location of relevant to duration (urinary data) research question Howe et II Adults (aged Participants were Blood 56 (n=28 6 weeks oil groups: Mean changes pressure al. 34 82 instructed to reduce in oil between low – Normal sodium (seated after (1994), parallel years) with dietary sodium to groups, sodium diet to at least 5 period: 155 Australia design hypertension 70mmol/day during a 4 n=28 in normal sodium diet: min rest), mmol/24hr study week run-in phase (also fish oil total [] Olive oil groups: treated included 80mmol/day groups) cholesterol Low sodium period: with ACE NaCl tablets, providing a (however did 75mmol/24hr SBP: (CI: not report inhibitors total sodium intake of 7.55) changes in Fish oil groups: 150mmol/day). cholesterol) DBP: -2mmHg (CI: Participants were then Normal sodium 3.54) randomly assigned to period: one of four intervention 160mmol/24hr Fish oil groups: groups: Low sodium period: SBP: -4.0mmHg (CI: 1. low sodium diet 85mmol/24hr 10.13) (70mmol/day) with placebo and fish oil (note values are DBP: -1.0mmHg (CI: (5g/day) estimated from -7.50, 5.50) figure) 2. low sodium diet (70mmol/day) plus NaCl For oil groups tablets (total sodium combined: intake:150mmol/day) with fish oil
Citation & location Study design level of Population Intervention Outcomes measured relevant to research question Sample size duration Compliance to sodium target (urinary data) Results Howe et al. (1994), Australia [] parallel design study II Adults (aged 34 – 82 years) with hypertension treated with ACE inhibitors Participants were instructed to reduce dietary sodium to 70mmol/day during a 4 week run-in phase (also included 80mmol/day NaCl tablets, providing a total sodium intake of 150mmol/day). Participants were then randomly assigned to one of four intervention groups: 1. low sodium diet (70mmol/day) with placebo and fish oil (5g/day) 2. low sodium diet (70mmol/day) plus NaCl tablets (total sodium intake:150mmol/day) with fish oil Blood pressure (seated after at least 5 min rest), total cholesterol (however did not report changes in cholesterol) 56 (n=28 in oil groups, n=28 in fish oil groups) 6 weeks oil groups: Normal sodium period: 155 mmol/24hr Low sodium period: 75mmol/24hr Fish oil groups: Normal sodium period: 160mmol/24hr Low sodium period: 85mmol/24hr (note values are estimated from figure) For oil groups combined: Mean changes between low sodium diet to normal sodium diet: Olive oil groups: SBP: (CI: 7.55) DBP: -2mmHg (CI: 3.54) Fish oil groups: SBP: -4.0mmHg (CI: 10.13) DBP: -1.0mmHg (CI: -7.50, 5.50)
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