Systematic or communities. Therefore the measured against minimal to inclusion of studies where no HIV prevention Reviews. assignment of groups or intervention reduced Behavioral or communities was by occasions of or partners for social convenience did not unprotected anal sex by 27% exaggerate the summary (95% confidence interval [CI] interventions effect. The greater = 15% to 37%). The other 18 designed to effectiveness of interventions interventions reduced promote sexual including more than 25% unprotected anal sex by 17% risk reduction identifying MSM suggests beyond changes observed in either delivered that when they can be standard or other to individuals, reached, these men may be interventions (CI = 5% to small groups, or more responsive than 27%).Intervention effects men to risk reduction were statistically communities. efforts. Non-gay identified MSM homogeneous, and no Adults may have had less exposure to independent variable was previous prevention messages, statistically significantly so their initial exposure may associated with intervention have a greater impact. The effects at alpha=.05. greater effectiveness of However, a multivariable interventions that include model selected by backward efforts to promote personal stepwise elimination identified skills such as keeping condoms four study characteristics available and behavioral associated with reduction in indicates that occasions of or partners for such content merits strong unprotected anal sex among consideration in development small group and and delivery of new interventions at interventions for MSM. alpha=.10. The most favorable reductions in episodes of or partners for unprotected anal sex (33% to
Systematic Reviews. Behavioral or social interventions designed to promote sexual risk reduction either delivered to individuals, small groups, or communities. Adults or communities. Therefore the inclusion of studies where assignment of groups or communities was by convenience did not exaggerate the summary effect. The greater effectiveness of interventions including more than 25% identifying MSM suggests that when they can be reached, these men may be more responsive than men to risk reduction efforts. Non-gay identified MSM may have had less exposure to previous prevention messages, so their initial exposure may have a greater impact. The greater effectiveness of interventions that include efforts to promote personal skills such as keeping condoms available and behavioral indicates that such content merits strong consideration in development and delivery of new interventions for MSM. measured against minimal to no HIV prevention intervention reduced occasions of or partners for unprotected anal sex by 27% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 15% to 37%). The other 18 interventions reduced unprotected anal sex by 17% beyond changes observed in standard or other interventions (CI = 5% to 27%).Intervention effects were statistically homogeneous, and no independent variable was statistically significantly associated with intervention effects at alpha=.05. However, a multivariable model selected by backward stepwise elimination identified four study characteristics associated with reduction in occasions of or partners for unprotected anal sex among small group and interventions at alpha=.10. The most favorable reductions in episodes of or partners for unprotected anal sex (33% to
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