after treatment, but not in year immediately following treatment. + Herbicide Wyoming Shrubsteppe Counts Unknown Numbers of Horned Kerley and Larks were Anderson 1995a significantly higher in areas treated with 20-22 years prior to the study. Pesticide - / NC Pawnee National Shortgrass Count (mean counted on strip Population McEwen and Grassland, prairie/rangeland count/site) transects. significantly reduced Ells 1975 northern CO through emigration, nesting failure, and poisoning mortality on toxaphene plot, but unchanged on malathion and untreated plots. - / NC Pesticide MT, UT, NM Shortgrass Counts Pre- and post-spray BAY 77488, McEwen et al. prairie census using fenitrothion, and 1972 straightline transect diazinon all caused significant mortality. Mobam and Baygon did not cause significant population declines. NC Pesticide CO, ID, ND, Multiple Density Line transects and Horned Lark densities George et al. UT, WY point counts not influenced by use 1995 of malathion, carbaryl in oil, and carbaryl bait for grasshopper control - Mine South Central Bird Density 73 censuses with Reclaimed sites Krementz and reclamation WY (birds/ha/census transects through dominated by Sauer 1982 steppe with day) native and reclaimed common halogeton saltbrush and habitats (Halogeton greasewood Horned glomeratus). interspersed. Lark densities
after treatment, but not in year immediately following treatment. Herbicide + Wyoming Shrubsteppe Counts Unknown Numbers of Horned Larks were significantly higher in areas treated with 20-22 years prior to the study. Kerley and Anderson 1995a Pesticide - / NC Pawnee National Grassland, northern CO Shortgrass prairie/rangeland Count (mean count/site) counted on strip transects. Population significantly reduced through emigration, nesting failure, and poisoning mortality on toxaphene plot, but unchanged on malathion and untreated plots. McEwen and Ells 1975 Pesticide - / NC MT, UT, NM Shortgrass prairie Counts Pre- and post-spray census using straightline transect BAY 77488, fenitrothion, and diazinon all caused significant mortality. Mobam and Baygon did not cause significant population declines. McEwen et al. 1972 Pesticide NC CO, ID, ND, UT, WY Multiple Density Line transects and point counts Horned Lark densities not influenced by use of malathion, carbaryl in oil, and carbaryl bait for grasshopper control George et al. 1995 Mine reclamation - South Central WY steppe with saltbrush and greasewood interspersed. Bird Density (birds/ha/census day) 73 censuses with transects through native and reclaimed habitats Reclaimed sites dominated by common halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus). Horned Lark densities Krementz and Sauer 1982
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