Type 1 shock exogenous shocks (market, Reaction crisis management program or early recovery support program – provoking a drought, flooding, / general food distribution temporary drop in earthquake, political Mitigation supplementary nutrition programs incomes and instability) leading to a emergency cash transfers consumption of drop in incomes and food essential goods consumption for highly labor-intensive public works post-crisis households post-crisis recapitalization support (e.g. livestock or voucher distribution, occasional input distribution) importing or mobilizing a buffer stock to: temporarily subsidize food products sell at moderate prices institutionalized social welfare Type 2 chronic endogenous factors (illness – benefits for vulnerable people, the elderly, the low incomes and or death), or individual handicapped, orphans, etc. consumption of circumstances (handicap, Mitigation essential goods old age) temporarily or basic services free for certain segments of the population / and services permanently lessening Prevention to met households’ ability their needs; contributes to vulnerability to exogenous shocks state of chronic poverty preventive social safety nets that limits the capacity to highly labor-intensive public works Mitigation access essential goods and targeted food vouchers / services such as food, school meal services Prevention primary health care and cash transfers conditional on the consumption of targeted / education; contributes to services (education, health care) Transformation vulnerability to endogenous and exogenous shocks Type 3 chronic limited access to grants or transfers of targeted productive factors – Prevention inability to invest productive inputs and low subsidized and targeted inputs / (in production investment capacity due to input distribution, inputs for work Promotion factors, training, poverty and/or grants or vouchers aiming to foster investment etc.) dysfunctions in the input training schemes, and transfers conditional on the use of and credit markets training schemes Source: Based on Devereux & Macauslan, 2006.
Type 1 – shock provoking a temporary drop in incomes and consumption of essential goods exogenous shocks (market, drought, flooding, earthquake, political instability) leading to a drop in incomes and food consumption for households Reaction / Mitigation crisis management program or early recovery support program general food distribution supplementary nutrition programs emergency cash transfers highly labor-intensive public works post-crisis post-crisis recapitalization support (e.g. livestock or voucher distribution, occasional input distribution) importing or mobilizing a buffer stock to: temporarily subsidize food products sell at moderate prices Type 2 – chronic low incomes and consumption of essential goods and services endogenous factors (illness or death), or individual circumstances (handicap, old age) temporarily or permanently lessening households’ ability to met their needs; contributes to vulnerability to exogenous shocks Mitigation / Prevention institutionalized social welfare benefits for vulnerable people, the elderly, the handicapped, orphans, etc. basic services free for certain segments of the population state of chronic poverty that limits the capacity to access essential goods and services such as food, primary health care and education; contributes to vulnerability to endogenous and exogenous shocks Mitigation / Prevention / Transformation preventive social safety nets highly labor-intensive public works targeted food vouchers school meal services cash transfers conditional on the consumption of targeted services (education, health care) Type 3 – chronic inability to invest (in production factors, training, etc.) limited access to productive inputs and low investment capacity due to poverty and/or dysfunctions in the input and credit markets Prevention / Promotion grants or transfers of targeted productive factors subsidized and targeted inputs input distribution, inputs for work grants or vouchers aiming to foster investment training schemes, and transfers conditional on the use of training schemes Source: Based on Devereux & Macauslan, 2006.
PRAFS_EN.docx