Structure Double bonds, bends in the No double bonds, no bends in carbon chain carbon chain Solid at room temp No yes Examples Plant oils such as olive oil, Butter, lard peanut oil, corn oil How many different amino acids are possible? __20 What determines the order of the amino acids in your proteins? ___DNA____ II. Cells: Prokaryote Eukaryote Size Smaller Larger Age Older Younger Nucleus No Yes Organelles No membrane bound Mitochondria, ribosomes, organelles, does have chloroplasts, ER ribosomes Examples Bacteria All but bacteria Part Function Part Function Nucleus Smooth ER Holds the DNA, control center Transport in the cell, detoxifying and of the cell making lipids and cell membranes Cytoplasm Golgi Body Space inside a cell between cell Packaging of proteins for export membrane and nucleus Ribosomes Vacuoles Protein factories of the cell. Storage Rough ER Lysosome Endoplasmic reticulum that has Digestive sac for the cell ribosomes attached; responsible for making proteins to be exported Plasma membrane Mitochondria Semipermeable barrier Takes carbohydrates and oxygen and breaks them down converting the energy in the stored bonds to ATP Chloroplasts Cell wall Take sunlight and carbon Tough outer covering on some cells (not dioxide and convert it to animal). In plants made of cellulose, it’s carbohydrates, giving off fungi made of chitin and in bacteria it’s oxygen in the process made of peptidoglycan it’s Plant cell and Animal cell comparison and contrast Plant only Both Animal only Cell wall Eukaryotic Lysosome Chloroplast Nucleus Many small vacuoles Large central vacuole Mitochondria Cell membrane Ribosomes
Structure Double bonds, bends in the carbon chain No double bonds, no bends in carbon chain Solid at room temp No yes Examples Plant oils such as olive oil, peanut oil, corn oil Butter, lard How many different amino acids are possible? __20 What determines the order of the amino acids in your proteins? ___DNA____ II. Cells: Prokaryote Eukaryote Size Smaller Larger Age Older Younger Nucleus No Yes Organelles No membrane bound organelles, does have ribosomes Mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts, ER Examples Bacteria All but bacteria Part Function Part Function Nucleus Holds the DNA, control center of the cell Smooth ER Transport in the cell, detoxifying and making lipids and cell membranes Cytoplasm Space inside a cell between cell membrane and nucleus Golgi Body Packaging of proteins for export Ribosomes Protein factories of the cell. Vacuoles Storage Rough ER Endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached; responsible for making proteins to be exported Lysosome Digestive sac for the cell Plasma membrane Semipermeable barrier Mitochondria Takes carbohydrates and oxygen and breaks them down converting the energy in the stored bonds to ATP Chloroplasts Take sunlight and carbon dioxide and convert it to carbohydrates, giving off oxygen in the process Cell wall Tough outer covering on some cells (not animal). In plants it’s made of cellulose, fungi it’s made of chitin and in bacteria it’s made of peptidoglycan Plant cell and Animal cell comparison and contrast Plant only Both Animal only Cell wall Eukaryotic Lysosome Chloroplast Nucleus Many small vacuoles Large central vacuole Mitochondria Cell membrane Ribosomes
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