OPPORTUNITIES THREATS 3.6 Energy, transport and communication networks Overview of Black Sea Basin energy exchanges and networks The transport of oil and gas across the Black Sea is a major activity, mainly via tankers that sail from the oil ports of Novorossiysk and Tuapse (Russia), Odesa (Ukraine) and Poti and Batumi (Georgia) – see figure 28 below. On the western shore, the European Union has only one major port, Constanta (Romania). Figure 28. Regional oil infrastructure map, 2007 The oil ports of Ukraine, Russia and Georgia are all terminals for oil and gas pipelines from the Caspian Sea. In the south, an oil pipeline that originates in Baku (Azerbaijan) crosses Georgia and Anatolia before reaching the Turkish port of Ceyhan on the Mediterranean (see figure 28 above). The Blue Stream gas pipeline runs under the Black Sea to connect Tuapse (Russia) with Samsun (Turkey). This network of pipelines is expected to expand in the future. Several projects are also underway for the integration of electricity grids around the Black Sea, potentially reducing vulnerability as well as consumer prices for electricity. Overview of Black Sea Basin transport infrastructure Economic development in the Black Sea countries, in particular rising foreign trade, gave a great push to the organization and development of a regional Black Sea transport system. The total cargo turnover for the ports of Bulgaria, Georgia, Russia, Romania and Ukraine between 2000 and 2007 increased more than twice and at
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS 3.6 Energy, transport and communication networks Overview of Black Sea Basin energy exchanges and networks The transport of oil and gas across the Black Sea is a major activity, mainly via tankers that sail from the oil ports of Novorossiysk and Tuapse (Russia), Odesa (Ukraine) and Poti and Batumi (Georgia) – see figure 28 below. On the western shore, the European Union has only one major port, Constanta (Romania). Figure 28. Regional oil infrastructure map, 2007 The oil ports of Ukraine, Russia and Georgia are all terminals for oil and gas pipelines from the Caspian Sea. In the south, an oil pipeline that originates in Baku (Azerbaijan) crosses Georgia and Anatolia before reaching the Turkish port of Ceyhan on the Mediterranean (see figure 28 above). The Blue Stream gas pipeline runs under the Black Sea to connect Tuapse (Russia) with Samsun (Turkey). This network of pipelines is expected to expand in the future. Several projects are also underway for the integration of electricity grids around the Black Sea, potentially reducing vulnerability as well as consumer prices for electricity. Overview of Black Sea Basin transport infrastructure Economic development in the Black Sea countries, in particular rising foreign trade, gave a great push to the organization and development of a regional Black Sea transport system. The total cargo turnover for the ports of Bulgaria, Georgia, Russia, Romania and Ukraine between 2000 and 2007 increased more than twice and at
Program%20Bazinul%20Marii%20Negre%202014-2020.docx