ES 5.3: Construct a model Weathering Any of the chemical or mechanical Systems and – that demonstrates the processes by which rocks exposed to the weather system models difference between undergo chemical decomposition and physical weathering, erosion, disintegration Structure and transportation of material, Erosion A type of weathering in which surface soil function – deposition, and new soil and and rock are worn away through the action of glaciers, sedimentary rock formation. water, and wind Differentiate between types Transportation of material movement of material – of physical and chemical across the Earth's surface by water, wind, ice or gravity weathering. Deposition laying down of matter by a natural process – soil dynamic natural body on the surface of the in – which plants grow, composed of mineral and organic materials and living forms Sedimentary rock rock that are formed by the – deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water ES 5.4: Differentiate Relative - events may be placed relatively to one another Scale, proportion, between relative and Absolute geological time process of determining an and quantity – absolute geological time. age on a specified time scale Detail how sedimentary rock Igneous formations Rock formations formed by the Systems and – can be dated based on cooling and solidifying of molten materials system models relative-age dating and Radiometrically measurement of geologic time by – positioning, while igneous of the rate of disintegration of radioactive elements formations can be Radiocarbon dating technique for determining the age – radiometrically dated. of organic materials, such as wood, based on their Differentiate between content of the radioisotope 14C acquired from the radiocarbon dating used for atmosphere when they formed part of a living plant organic materials and other Organic materials composed of organic compounds – types of radiometric dating that has come from the remains of organisms such as for inorganic rock plants and animals and their waste products in the formation. environment Inorganic rock formation rock formation that is made – from or containing material that does not come from plants or animals
ES 5.3: Construct a model that demonstrates the difference between weathering, erosion, transportation of material, deposition, and new soil and sedimentary rock formation. Differentiate between types of physical and chemical weathering. Weathering – Any of the chemical or mechanical processes by which rocks exposed to the weather undergo chemical decomposition and physical disintegration Erosion – A type of weathering in which surface soil and rock are worn away through the action of glaciers, water, and wind Transportation of material – movement of material across the Earth's surface by water, wind, ice or gravity Deposition – laying down of matter by a natural process soil – dynamic natural body on the surface of the in which plants grow, composed of mineral and organic materials and living forms Sedimentary rock – rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water Systems and system models Structure and function ES 5.4: Differentiate between relative and absolute geological time. Detail how sedimentary rock can be dated based on relative-age dating and positioning, while igneous formations can be radiometrically dated. Differentiate between radiocarbon dating used for organic materials and other types of radiometric dating for inorganic rock formation. Relative - events may be placed relatively to one another Absolute geological time – process of determining an age on a specified time scale Igneous formations – Rock formations formed by the cooling and solidifying of molten materials Radiometrically – measurement of geologic time by of the rate of disintegration of radioactive elements Radiocarbon dating – technique for determining the age of organic materials, such as wood, based on their content of the radioisotope 14C acquired from the atmosphere when they formed part of a living plant Organic materials – composed of organic compounds that has come from the remains of organisms such as plants and animals and their waste products in the environment Inorganic rock formation – rock formation that is made from or containing material that does not come from plants or animals Scale, proportion, and quantity Systems and system models
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