Table 4 Summary of literature for areas identified as being vulnerable, or potentially vulnerable, to SWI in New South Wales. Land / SWI occurrence SWI SWI of Location References Aquifer lithology Driving factors Investigations groundwater reported monitoring management assessment use Hat Head (Ecoseal, 2011; Quaternary sands No Groundwater Water levels; salinity; Yes (loggers No Moderate Domestic Woolley et al., extractions;, water chemistry; installed July 2011) below average SEAWAT (combines 2008) rainfall/droughts MODFLOW code with MT3DMS Stuarts (DNR, 2006; Quaternary sands Yes (DNR, 2006) Groundwater Limited hydrochemical No No Low Domestic Point Government and alluvium extractions; and piezometer data NSW., 2004; associated with below average O'Shea, 2005) Macleay River rainfall/droughts Stockton (SKM, 2011; Quaternary sands No Groundwater Water levels; salinity; No No Low Stock, domestic, Wooley et al., extractions; water chemistry; 3D mine & mineral 1995; Woolley average MODFLOW processing, et al., 2011) rainfall/droughts groundwater flow small-scale model; four 2D irrigation, FEFLOW models industry Botany (Benker et al., Quaternary sands Yes, 1960’s; Groundwater Limited; No SWI No No None to Very Industry, Sands, 2007; Bish et shut down and extractions; specific studies Low chemical Sydney al., 2000; usage moved below average manufacturing, Merrick and inland (e.g. rainfall/droughts recreation Knight, 1997; Timms et al., Timms et al., 2008) 2008) Clarence (Johnston et al., Quaternary Yes, minor local Drains Limited hydrochemical No No None to Very Sugarcane River 2005) alluvium and piezometer data Low Floodplain associated with Clarence River; estuarine deposits
Table 4 Summary of literature for areas identified as being vulnerable, or potentially vulnerable, to SWI in New South Wales. Location References Aquifer lithology SWI occurrence reported Driving factors Investigations SWI monitoring SWI management of assessment Land / groundwater use Hat Head (Ecoseal, 2011; Woolley et al., 2011) Quaternary sands No Groundwater extractions;, below average rainfall/droughts Water levels; salinity; water chemistry; SEAWAT (combines MODFLOW code with MT3DMS Yes (loggers installed July 2008) No Moderate Domestic Stuarts Point (DNR, 2006; Government NSW., 2004; O'Shea, 2005) Quaternary sands and alluvium associated with Macleay River Yes (DNR, 2006) Groundwater extractions; below average rainfall/droughts Limited hydrochemical and piezometer data No No Low Domestic Stockton (SKM, 2011; Wooley et al., 1995; Woolley et al., 2011) Quaternary sands No Groundwater extractions; average rainfall/droughts Water levels; salinity; water chemistry; 3D MODFLOW groundwater flow model; four 2D FEFLOW models No No Low Stock, domestic, mine & mineral processing, small-scale irrigation, industry Botany Sands, Sydney (Benker et al., 2007; Bish et al., 2000; Merrick and Knight, 1997; Timms et al., 2008) Quaternary sands Yes, 1960’s; shut down and usage moved inland (e.g. Timms et al., 2008) Groundwater extractions; below average rainfall/droughts Limited; No SWI specific studies No No None to Very Low Industry, chemical manufacturing, recreation Clarence River Floodplain (Johnston et al., 2005) Quaternary alluvium associated with Clarence River; estuarine deposits Yes, minor local Drains Limited hydrochemical and piezometer data No No None to Very Low Sugarcane
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