Table 9 Summary of literature for areas identified as being vulnerable, or potentially vulnerable, to SWI in Queensland. SWI Aquifer SWI of Land/water Location References occurrence Driving factors Investigations SWI management lithology monitoring assessment use reported Burdekin (Arunakumaren et Quaternary Yes (ANRA, Groundwater Water levels; salinity; Yes Yes; artificial High Sugarcane; River Delta al., 2000; Fass et al., alluvial delta 2002; extractions; theoretical inland recharge; Lower wetlands; 2007; Lawrie et al., McMahon, average extent of SWI using Burdekin adjacent 2004; Lawrie et al., 2004; NRMW, rainfall/droughts Ghyben-Herzberg; Groundwater Great 2006; McMahon, 2006) geophysical (resistivity Science Plan Barrier Reef 2004; McMahon et and gamma); al., 2000; McMahon geomorphic and et al., 2002; sedimentary facies McMahon et al., analysis; 2011; Narayan et al., hydrochemistry (major 2007; NRMW, 2006; and minor ion; O'Shea, 1967; isotopes); 2D SUTRA; Qureshi et al., 2008; MODFLOW 2000 SKM, 2009; Wang et al., 2012; Werner, Pioneer (Bedford, 1978; Quaternary Yes (Bedford, Groundwater Water levels; salinity; Yes Yes; rules based on High Sugarcane; Valley Carey et al., 2009; alluvium; 1978; Murphy extractions; below hydrochemistry (major trigger points for industry Cresswell, 2008b; et al., 2005a) average and minor ions; groundwater level (sugar mill) Murphy et al., 2005a; in rainfall/droughts; isotopes); mapping of and quality within stock, Sundaram et al., bedrock flat topography; 1000 µS/cm boundary the SWI area; residential 2001b; Werner, large tides (6 m in between 1997 and pumping restricted domestic 2010b; Werner and spring) and 2000; 3D MODHMS; where water levels Gallagher, 2006) estuaries/tidal 2D SUTRA drop below 1m AHD; streams 16.5 km cease pumping at inland 3000 µS/cm; artifical recharge explored
Table 9 Summary of literature for areas identified as being vulnerable, or potentially vulnerable, to SWI in Queensland. Location References Aquifer lithology SWI occurrence reported Driving factors Investigations SWI monitoring SWI management of assessment Land/water use Burdekin River Delta (Arunakumaren et al., 2000; Fass et al., 2007; Lawrie et al., 2004; Lawrie et al., 2006; McMahon, 2004; McMahon et al., 2000; McMahon et al., 2002; McMahon et al., 2011; Narayan et al., 2007; NRMW, 2006; O'Shea, 1967; Qureshi et al., 2008; SKM, 2009; Wang et al., 2012; Werner, Quaternary alluvial delta Yes (ANRA, 2002; McMahon, 2004; NRMW, 2006) Groundwater extractions; average rainfall/droughts Water levels; salinity; theoretical inland extent of SWI using Ghyben-Herzberg; geophysical (resistivity and gamma); geomorphic and sedimentary facies analysis; hydrochemistry (major and minor ion; isotopes); 2D SUTRA; MODFLOW 2000 Yes Yes; artificial recharge; Lower Burdekin Groundwater Science Plan High Sugarcane; wetlands; adjacent Great Barrier Reef Pioneer Valley (Bedford, 1978; Carey et al., 2009; Cresswell, 2008b; Murphy et al., 2005a; Sundaram et al., 2001b; Werner, 2010b; Werner and Gallagher, 2006) Quaternary alluvium; in bedrock Yes (Bedford, 1978; Murphy et al., 2005a) Groundwater extractions; below average rainfall/droughts; flat topography; large tides (6 m in spring) and estuaries/tidal streams 16.5 km inland Water levels; salinity; hydrochemistry (major and minor ions; isotopes); mapping of 1000 µS/cm boundary between 1997 and 2000; 3D MODHMS; 2D SUTRA Yes Yes; rules based on trigger points for groundwater level and quality within the SWI area; pumping restricted where water levels drop below 1m AHD; cease pumping at 3000 µS/cm; artifical recharge explored High Sugarcane; industry (sugar mill) stock, residential domestic
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