ICP.5.5 Evaluate graphical or Volume the amount of space that a substance or object Patterns – pictorial representations that occupies, or that is enclosed within a container describe the relationship Stability and the volume, temperature, and molecules a group of atoms bonded together, change – number of molecules and the representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical pressure exerted by the system compound that can take part in a chemical reaction to qualitatively and quantitatively describe how Pressure continuous physical force exerted on or against – changing any of those variables an object by something in contact with it affects the others. ICP.5.6 Describe and Kinetic theory physical properties of matter in terms of Systems and – demonstrate how the kinetic the motions of its constituent particles system models theory can be extended to Liquids state of matter that flowing freely but of – describe the properties of constant volume liquids and solids by Solids state of matter that is firm and stable in shape; – introducing attractive forces not liquid or fluid between the particles. Constant volume and shape Attractive force residual attractive or repulsive forces – between molecules or atomic groups that do not arise from a covalent bond, or electrostatic interaction of ions or of ionic groups ICP.5.7 Analyze a heating / Heating/cooling curve line graph that represents the and effect – cooling curve to describe how change of phase of matter, typically from a gas to a solid adding or removing thermal or a liquid to a solid. The independent variable (X-axis) is Energy and energy from a system changes time and the dependent variable (Y-axis) is temperature matter the temperature or state of an Melting temperature– temperature at a given material object and be able to identify changes from a solid to a liquid, or melts the melting and freezing Freezing temperature– temperature at a liquid temperatures of the system. changes into a solid; the same temperature as the melting point ICP.5.8 Collect and use Avogadro’s hypothesis volumes of different gases Systems and – experimental data to determine at the same temperature and pressure contain the same system models the number of items in a sample number of molecules without actually counting them and qualitatively relate this to Avogadro's hypothesis.
ICP.5.5 Evaluate graphical or pictorial representations that describe the relationship the volume, temperature, and number of molecules and the pressure exerted by the system to qualitatively and quantitatively describe how changing any of those variables affects the others. Volume – the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container molecules – a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction Pressure – continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it Patterns Stability and change ICP.5.6 Describe and demonstrate how the kinetic theory can be extended to describe the properties of liquids and solids by introducing attractive forces between the particles. Kinetic theory – physical properties of matter in terms of the motions of its constituent particles Liquids – state of matter that flowing freely but of constant volume Solids – state of matter that is firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid Constant volume and shape Attractive force – residual attractive or repulsive forces between molecules or atomic groups that do not arise from a covalent bond, or electrostatic interaction of ions or of ionic groups Systems and system models ICP.5.7 Analyze a heating / cooling curve to describe how adding or removing thermal energy from a system changes the temperature or state of an object and be able to identify the melting and freezing temperatures of the system. Heating/cooling curve – line graph that represents the change of phase of matter, typically from a gas to a solid or a liquid to a solid. The independent variable (X-axis) is time and the dependent variable (Y-axis) is temperature Melting temperature– temperature at a given material changes from a solid to a liquid, or melts Freezing temperature– temperature at a liquid changes into a solid; the same temperature as the melting point and effect Energy and matter ICP.5.8 Collect and use experimental data to determine the number of items in a sample without actually counting them and qualitatively relate this to Avogadro's hypothesis. Avogadro’s hypothesis – volumes of different gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules Systems and system models
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