substantial interventions to support it. The real promise of the nudge approach seems rather to help the design the bigger initiatives better, that is to add 'nudges' to improve or speed up behavioural change effects rather than as a replacement to other initiatives. 6.2 Environmental planning and management Environmental planning and management have a considerable amount to contribute to the field of public health. Although somewhat separated from public health for some time due to governance and policy structures, environmental health is increasingly running parallel to public health in many areas particularly areas such as food, – licensing, transport and air pollution issues right at the core of some of our major – public health issues. As the social (and therefore environmental) determinants of health are seen as playing an increasingly key role, planning is becoming more important in ensuring that different social groups have appropriate access to suitable facilities (see Figure 11). Figure 11 The of planning and management can be folded together under the general term Environmental Governance. This field has a long history of combining different approaches to problems in order to achieve goals. Figure 12 shows a theoretical diagram of the Environmental Governance Cycle from work undertaken by UWE with the Department for Environment, Tourism and Rural Affairs in South Africa. The cycle clearly shows roles for both encouraging behaviour change through awareness raising, but also the role of regulation and enforcement. The view of the process as a cycle is a clear reminder that no single policy is likely to achieve all desired goals, and so a continual approach of policy setting, implementation, evaluation and development of new strategies and policies is required. Figure 12: Environmental Governance Cycle (Department for Environment, Tourism and Rural Affairs, South Africa) 6.3 Organization development (OD) (OD) can be defined as: [A] process by which behavioural science knowledge and practices are used to help organizations achieve greater effectiveness, including quality of life,
substantial interventions to support it. The real promise of the nudge approach seems rather to help the design the bigger initiatives better, that is to add 'nudges' to improve or speed up behavioural change effects rather than as a replacement to other initiatives. 6.2 Environmental planning and management Environmental planning and management have a considerable amount to contribute to the field of public health. Although somewhat separated from public health for some time due to governance and policy structures, environmental health is increasingly running parallel to public health in many areas – particularly areas such as food, licensing, transport and air pollution – issues right at the core of some of our major public health issues. As the social (and therefore environmental) determinants of health are seen as playing an increasingly key role, planning is becoming more important in ensuring that different social groups have appropriate access to suitable facilities (see Figure 11). Figure 11 The of planning and management can be folded together under the general term Environmental Governance. This field has a long history of combining different approaches to problems in order to achieve goals. Figure 12 shows a theoretical diagram of the Environmental Governance Cycle from work undertaken by UWE with the Department for Environment, Tourism and Rural Affairs in South Africa. The cycle clearly shows roles for both encouraging behaviour change through awareness raising, but also the role of regulation and enforcement. The view of the process as a cycle is a clear reminder that no single policy is likely to achieve all desired goals, and so a continual approach of policy setting, implementation, evaluation and development of new strategies and policies is required. Figure 12: Environmental Governance Cycle (Department for Environment, Tourism and Rural Affairs, South Africa) 6.3 Organization development (OD) (OD) can be defined as: [A] process by which behavioural science knowledge and practices are used to help organizations achieve greater effectiveness, including quality of life,
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