defining a word in terms of itself Happiness is the state of being happy. Circular Supporting a He is a liar Reasoning statement with itself; a because he form of begging the simply isn’t question telling the truth. Either/Or Oversimplifying by What are we Reasoning assuming that an issue going to do about has only two sides, a global warming? statement must be true Either we stop or false, a question using all of the demands a yes or no answer, or a problem has only two possible vehicles and solutions (and one products that that’s acceptable) cause it, or we just learn to live with it. Argument from an unidentified According to Dubious Authority authority to shore up a some of the most weak argument or an knowing authority whose scientists in expertise lies outside America, the issue, such as a smoking two television personality packs a day is as selling insurance harmless as eating oatmeal cookies. Argument Attacking an Diaz may argue ad individual’s opinion that we need to Hominem by attacking his or her save the polar character, thus bears, but he’s deflecting attention the type who gets from the of a emotional over proposal; Latin for nothing. the man” “against Argument from Maintaining that a Despite years of Ignorance claim has to be effort, no one has accepted because it proved that hasn’t been disproved ghosts don’t or that it has to be exist; therefore,
defining a word in terms of itself Happiness is the state of being happy. Circular Reasoning Supporting a statement with itself; a form of begging the question He is a liar because he simply isn’t telling the truth. Either/Or Reasoning Oversimplifying by assuming that an issue has only two sides, a statement must be true or false, a question demands a yes or no answer, or a problem has only two possible solutions (and one that’s acceptable) What are we going to do about global warming? Either we stop using all of the vehicles and products that cause it, or we just learn to live with it. Argument from Dubious Authority an unidentified authority to shore up a weak argument or an authority whose expertise lies outside the issue, such as a television personality selling insurance According to some of the most knowing scientists in America, smoking two packs a day is as harmless as eating oatmeal cookies. Argument ad Hominem Attacking an individual’s opinion by attacking his or her character, thus deflecting attention from the of a proposal; Latin for “against the man” Diaz may argue that we need to save the polar bears, but he’s the type who gets emotional over nothing. Argument from Ignorance Maintaining that a claim has to be accepted because it hasn’t been disproved or that it has to be Despite years of effort, no one has proved that ghosts don’t exist; therefore,
recognizing_logical_fallacies.docx