APPENDIX A – Common sources of contamination (hazards) and suggested control measures Component Potential source of Control measures contamination Water Source Rain water • First flush device Roof and gutters (e.g. • Regular cleaning of roof and gutters up of leaves, dirt • Removal of overhanging branches and animal droppings) • Regular inspections • Water treatment (disinfection) Rain water • Water not collected from roofs coated or painted with substances Roof material (e.g. paint, lead that may leach hazardous materials flashing, • Remove or treat lead flashing products, • Seal any exposed treated timber treated timber, peeling paint) Surface water (dams, • Protect surface water source against livestock, creeks and rivers) septic tanks/sewage Surrounding land use (e.g. overflows and chemical spills farming, • Water treatment urban areas, industrial sites and sewage discharges) Surface water (dams, • Fence water storage or off-take area creeks and rivers) • Don’t permit swimming or public access in off-take Animal and human area activities • Water treatment Groundwater (bore, well, • Raise bore heads above ground level and mound spring) ground around Surface water seepage bore head • Ensure bore covers and casing are intact • Regular inspections Groundwater (bore, well, • Extract groundwater from places where sub-surface spring) contaminants Sub-surface contamination are unlikely (e.g. from • Test the water for chemicals and treat if necessary industry, farming, landfill, • Groundwater source is at least 20 metres from any sewage) wastewater disposal systems
APPENDIX A – Common sources of contamination (hazards) and suggested control measures Component Potential source of contamination Control measures Water Source Rain water Roof and gutters (e.g. of leaves, dirt and animal droppings) • First flush device • Regular cleaning of roof and gutters • Removal of overhanging branches • Regular inspections • Water treatment (disinfection) Rain water Roof material (e.g. paint, lead flashing, products, treated timber, peeling paint) • Water not collected from roofs coated or painted with substances that may leach hazardous materials • Remove or treat lead flashing • Seal any exposed treated timber Surface water (dams, creeks and rivers) Surrounding land use (e.g. farming, urban areas, industrial sites and sewage discharges) • Protect surface water source against livestock, septic tanks/sewage overflows and chemical spills • Water treatment Surface water (dams, creeks and rivers) Animal and human activities • Fence water storage or off-take area • Don’t permit swimming or public access in off-take area • Water treatment Groundwater (bore, well, spring) Surface water seepage • Raise bore heads above ground level and mound up ground around bore head • Ensure bore covers and casing are intact • Regular inspections Groundwater (bore, well, spring) Sub-surface contamination (e.g. from industry, farming, landfill, sewage) • Extract groundwater from places where sub-surface contaminants are unlikely • Test the water for chemicals and treat if necessary • Groundwater source is at least 20 metres from any wastewater disposal systems
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