Small babies have sexual drives and seek erotic pleasure:  Source of sexual drive is mouth area (lip and inside of mouth) o Object of is ‘oral-sexual drive’ mother’s breast o Satisfaction comes from sucking mother’s breast o Throughout the development other sexual drives occur as other parts of the body  become sources of sexual drive energy. Satisfaction of sexual drives is controlled or prohibited by society, therefore creating  ongoing psychological problems for people and play a significant role in mental disturbance. c. Death drives Death drive is explanation for phenomena such as war, murder, suicide and  Freud’s death. Basic function break down living cells and change them into dead matter.  – The object of the death drive is the body.  individual’s The death rive is in constant conflict with the life drives and the conflict is projected  outward in the form aggression and destructive behaviour. All aggressive behaviour is regulated by strict moral codes, just like sexual  behaviour. Aggressive impulses lead to conflict between aggressive drives and moral social  codes in the superego. Due to death drive energy not disappearing, a person has to find ways to utilise the  unused energy. The death drive operates in many ways  Individual projects energy outwards in the form of aggression towards people and  destroying things. Drive energy is used in workings of the superego and is regarded as a form of  aggression towards the individual. Superego uses drive energy by making people feel guilty about undesirable wishes and actions and causes pain through reproach. Performance errors, accident proneness and suicide are the outcomes of unconscious  operation of the death drive through the superego. These attempts by Freud to explain behaviour demonstrate his position of psychic o determinism all behaviour is the outcome of forces within the individual. – Through defence mechanisms of sublimation, the energy can be exercised in  socially acceptable ways, in professions where objects are destroyed. Ultimately, an individual causes their own death and achieves a totally tensionless  state, nirvana, which Freud views as the unconscious ideal of all of life... ”The goal all life is death”. 5.2 Anxiety Freud describes anxiety as the reaction to danger.  ego’s The anxiety stems from the conflict between the drives and the  id’s forbidden moral codes. superego’s Anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling which motivates the ego to avoid danger by  trying to reduce the anxiety. Freud distinguishes three types of anxiety, namely Reality anxiety, Neurotic anxiety  and Moral anxiety.
 Small babies have sexual drives and seek erotic pleasure: o Source of sexual drive is mouth area (lip and inside of mouth) o Object of ‘oral-sexual drive’ is mother’s breast o Satisfaction comes from sucking mother’s breast  Throughout the development other sexual drives occur as other parts of the body become sources of sexual drive energy.  Satisfaction of sexual drives is controlled or prohibited by society, therefore creating ongoing psychological problems for people and play a significant role in mental disturbance. c. Death drives  Death drive is Freud’s explanation for phenomena such as war, murder, suicide and death.  Basic function – break down living cells and change them into dead matter.  The object of the death drive is the individual’s body.  The death rive is in constant conflict with the life drives and the conflict is projected outward in the form aggression and destructive behaviour.  All aggressive behaviour is regulated by strict moral codes, just like sexual behaviour.  Aggressive impulses lead to conflict between aggressive drives and moral social codes in the superego.  Due to death drive energy not disappearing, a person has to find ways to utilise the unused energy.  The death drive operates in many ways  Individual projects energy outwards in the form of aggression towards people and destroying things.  Drive energy is used in workings of the superego and is regarded as a form of aggression towards the individual. Superego uses drive energy by making people feel guilty about undesirable wishes and actions and causes pain through reproach.  Performance errors, accident proneness and suicide are the outcomes of unconscious operation of the death drive through the superego. o These attempts by Freud to explain behaviour demonstrate his position of psychic determinism – all behaviour is the outcome of forces within the individual.  Through defence mechanisms of sublimation, the energy can be exercised in socially acceptable ways, in professions where objects are destroyed.  Ultimately, an individual causes their own death and achieves a totally tensionless state, nirvana, which Freud views as the unconscious ideal of all life... ”The goal of all life is death”. 5.2 Anxiety  Freud describes anxiety as the ego’s reaction to danger.  The anxiety stems from the conflict between the id’s forbidden drives and the superego’s moral codes.  Anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling which motivates the ego to avoid danger by trying to reduce the anxiety.  Freud distinguishes three types of anxiety, namely Reality anxiety, Neurotic anxiety and Moral anxiety.
PYC2601-Freuds-Theory-Chapter-3.docx