Distinctive coastal landforms are the result of rock type, structure and physical process *The geology (rock type) affects the coast as if the area is made of soft rock then it will erode very quickly* CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMATION OF LANDFORMS RESULTING FROM EROSION LANDFORM CHARACTERISTICS FORMATION HEADLANDS AND Headlands and bays happen at is a discordant BAYS DISCORDANT coastlines. coastline where there This there are bands of is hard rock (e.g. hard and soft rock that meet sandstone and chalk) at right angles to the coast. and soft rock (e.g Headlands: clay). The waves It is a that juts out into start to attack it the sea surrounded by water The waves start on three sides. differential erosion. Made of hard rock, such as The soft rock is granite, chalk or limestone. eroded by hydraulic They have near vertical cliff action and attrition. faces. The less resistant Bays: soft rock is eroded at They are crescent shaped and a faster rate which are found between two causes a bay to form. headlands due to the erosion The hard, resistant of soft rock, such as clay. rock forms a They have a beach made of headland that sticks sand or shingle. out into sea. They have low energy Sand is deposited into constructive making the bay to form a them. beach. LANDFORM CHARACTERISTICS FORMATION Cliffs 1.Freeze-thaw weathering Made of sandstone weakens the upper part of CLIFFS Horizontal bedding the cliff. WAVE CUT Rocks at the base 2. Waves cause most erosion PLATFORMS Wave cut platforms at the foot of the cliff, Deep cracks in the rocks undercutting it through Slope down to the sea at hydraulic action and abrasion. angle This forms a wave-cut notch, Smooth rock due to which is enlarged as erosion attrition continues.
Distinctive coastal landforms are the result of rock type, structure and physical process *The geology (rock type) affects the coast as if the area is made of soft rock then it will erode very quickly* CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMATION OF LANDFORMS RESULTING FROM EROSION LANDFORM CHARACTERISTICS FORMATION HEADLANDS AND BAYS Headlands and bays happen at DISCORDANT coastlines. This there are bands of hard and soft rock that meet at right angles to the coast. Headlands: It is a that juts out into the sea surrounded by water on three sides. Made of hard rock, such as granite, chalk or limestone. They have near vertical cliff faces. Bays: They are crescent shaped and are found between two headlands due to the erosion of soft rock, such as clay. They have a beach made of sand or shingle. They have low energy constructive making them. is a discordant coastline where there is hard rock (e.g. sandstone and chalk) and soft rock (e.g clay). The waves start to attack it The waves start differential erosion. The soft rock is eroded by hydraulic action and attrition. The less resistant soft rock is eroded at a faster rate which causes a bay to form. The hard, resistant rock forms a headland that sticks out into sea. Sand is deposited into the bay to form a beach. LANDFORM CHARACTERISTICS FORMATION CLIFFS WAVE CUT PLATFORMS Cliffs Made of sandstone Horizontal bedding Rocks at the base Wave cut platforms Deep cracks in the rocks Slope down to the sea at angle Smooth rock due to attrition 1.Freeze-thaw weathering weakens the upper part of the cliff. 2. Waves cause most erosion at the foot of the cliff, undercutting it through hydraulic action and abrasion. This forms a wave-cut notch, which is enlarged as erosion continues.
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