Indiana Academic Standard Clarifying Statement Highlighted Vocabulary Words from the Crosscutting Concept Standard Defined C.6.1 Explain that atoms and Motion or changing place or Scale, proportion, and –moving molecules are in constant position quantity motion and that this motion Thermal energy internal energy of an object – increases as thermal energy due to kinetic energy of its atoms and/or Cause and effect increases. molecules C.6.2 Distinguish between the Temperature measure of thermal energy Scale, proportion, and – concepts of temperature and Heat flow process whereby heat moves quantity – heat flow in macroscopic and from one body or substance to another by microscopic terms. radiation, conduction, convection, or a Energy and matter combination of these methods Macroscopic visible to the naked eye/large – scale Microscopic visible only with a microscope – or various technology/small scale/particle level C.6.3 Classify chemical Emphasis is on the idea that a chemical Phase changes transition between solid, Energy and matter – reactions and phase changes as reaction is a system that affects the liquid, and gaseous phases exothermic or endothermic energy change. Examples of models Exothermic accompanied by the release of – based on enthalpy values. Use a could include molecular-level drawings heat graphical representation to and diagrams of reactions, graphs Endothermic accompanied by or requiring – illustrate the energy changes showing the relative energies of the absorption of heat involved reactants and products, and Enthalpy measure of energy in a – representations showing energy is thermodynamic system conserved C.6.4 Perform calculations Specific heat thermal energy required to Scale, proportion, and – involving heat flow, raise the temperature of one gram of a given quantity temperature changes, and phase substance by one degree Celsius changes by using known values Phase change constants rate of energy Energy and matter – of specific heat, phase change required to change a mass of sample from constants, or both. one state to another(heat of fusion, heat of vaporization) Standard 7: Solutions
Indiana Academic Standard Clarifying Statement Highlighted Vocabulary Words from the Standard Defined Crosscutting Concept C.6.1 Explain that atoms and molecules are in constant motion and that this motion increases as thermal energy increases. Motion –moving or changing place or position Thermal energy – internal energy of an object due to kinetic energy of its atoms and/or molecules Scale, proportion, and quantity Cause and effect C.6.2 Distinguish between the concepts of temperature and heat flow in macroscopic and microscopic terms. Temperature – measure of thermal energy Heat flow – process whereby heat moves from one body or substance to another by radiation, conduction, convection, or a combination of these methods Macroscopic – visible to the naked eye/large scale Microscopic – visible only with a microscope or various technology/small scale/particle level Scale, proportion, and quantity Energy and matter C.6.3 Classify chemical reactions and phase changes as exothermic or endothermic based on enthalpy values. Use a graphical representation to illustrate the energy changes involved Emphasis is on the idea that a chemical reaction is a system that affects the energy change. Examples of models could include molecular-level drawings and diagrams of reactions, graphs showing the relative energies of reactants and products, and representations showing energy is conserved Phase changes – transition between solid, liquid, and gaseous phases Exothermic – accompanied by the release of heat Endothermic – accompanied by or requiring the absorption of heat Enthalpy – measure of energy in a thermodynamic system Energy and matter C.6.4 Perform calculations involving heat flow, temperature changes, and phase changes by using known values of specific heat, phase change constants, or both. Specific heat – thermal energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a given substance by one degree Celsius Phase change constants – rate of energy required to change a mass of sample from one state to another(heat of fusion, heat of vaporization) Scale, proportion, and quantity Energy and matter Standard 7: Solutions
resource-guides-chemistry-52716.docx