Fold Mountains: e.g. mount Everest Folding sedimentary rocks left beneath the seas or lakes Sea or lake beds are squeezed together and pushed upwards over millions of years Everest is rising! Structure and types of volcanoes Case study: Volcanic eruption LEDC: Mt. Pinatubo volcano in the Philippines 1991 This was your – own choice but if yours is not very good use this one. South East Asia to the East of China Responses: What? 2 steam explosions vegetation killed and dust on – 600 years dormant villages Island arc of Luzon in Philippines PHIVOLCS set up to monitor eruption– 5000 pop evacuated Philippines oceanic crust subducting under continental in 10km zone Eurasian plate i.e. destructive plate margin 23 April continuing earthquakes- US Geological Survey set 7 – Erupted June 1991 seismographs at Clark Air Base NW slope villages evacuated Effects: Short term 9 June 8 hr eruption with pyroclastic flows Alert 5 - – 847 dead evacuated to 20km 300 killed by collapsing roofs 10 June Air Base evacuated 100 killed by lahars 12 June Mushroom cloud 20km high evacuated 30km – – Aetas tribe refused to leave or died in evacuation centres 58,000 people from disease 15 June eruption 40km high ash and 80km/hr pyroclastic – 1.2 million lost homes flows summit collapses. Heavy rain causes mudflows. – Affects houses, bridges and river. Manila airport closed. Long term: Measles, respiratory and gastric diseases 500,000 migrated to Manila 650,000 lost jobs 80,000 ha of cropland destroyed 1 million farm animals died Case study: Volcanic eruption MEDC Mount St Helens Where: Effects: Mt St Helens is located on a destructive plate boundary All living things wiped out 27km north of the crater, up where a continental plate (North American) meets an rooted trees, 57 people dead. oceanic plate (Juan de Fuca). Responses:
Fold Mountains: e.g. mount Everest Folding sedimentary rocks left beneath the seas or lakes Sea or lake beds are squeezed together and pushed upwards over millions of years Everest is rising! Structure and types of volcanoes Case study: Volcanic eruption LEDC: Mt. Pinatubo volcano in the Philippines 1991 – This was your own choice but if yours is not very good use this one. South East Asia to the East of China What? 600 years dormant Island arc of Luzon in Philippines Philippines oceanic crust subducting under continental Eurasian plate – i.e. destructive plate margin Erupted June 1991 Effects: Short term 847 dead 300 killed by collapsing roofs 100 killed by lahars Aetas tribe refused to leave or died in evacuation centres from disease 1.2 million lost homes Long term: Measles, respiratory and gastric diseases 500,000 migrated to Manila 650,000 lost jobs 80,000 ha of cropland destroyed 1 million farm animals died Responses: 2 steam explosions – vegetation killed and dust on villages PHIVOLCS set up to monitor eruption– 5000 pop evacuated in 10km zone 23 April continuing earthquakes- US Geological Survey set 7 seismographs at Clark Air Base NW slope villages evacuated 9 June 8 hr eruption with pyroclastic flows – Alert 5 - evacuated to 20km 10 June Air Base evacuated 12 June Mushroom cloud 20km high – evacuated 30km – 58,000 people 15 June – eruption 40km high ash and 80km/hr pyroclastic flows – summit collapses. Heavy rain causes mudflows. Affects houses, bridges and river. Manila airport closed. Case study: Volcanic eruption MEDC Mount St Helens Where: Mt St Helens is located on a destructive plate boundary where a continental plate (North American) meets an oceanic plate (Juan de Fuca). Effects: All living things wiped out 27km north of the crater, up rooted trees, 57 people dead. Responses:
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