Table 23 Estimated Average Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Hydrogen Produced from Natural Gas by Steam Reforming and Delivered as Compressed Fuel to Refuelling Stations: RED Methodology Case Code Main Features of Pathway Total Greenhouse Source of Means of Steam Source of kg Gas Emissions Gas Transport(a) Reformer Electricity(b) CO2 (kg eq. eq / CO2/MJ) km RED1 Fossil fuel comparator 0.0838 RED2 60% net GHG emissions saving on fossil fuel comparator 0.0335 GNOCB1/ Norwegian Pipeline Without Norway 2009 0.0755 GNOCC1 Offshore CCS Grid Gas GNCCB1 Norwegian Pipeline With Norway 2009 0.0319 0.0367 GNCCC1 Offshore CCS(c) Grid Gas GROCB1/ Russian Pipeline Without EU-27 2009 0.1001 GROCC1 Onshore CCS Grid Gas GROCB2/ Russian Pipeline Without EU-27 2030 0.0969 GROCC2 Onshore CCS Grid Gas GRCCB1/ Russian Pipeline With EU-27 2009 0.0634 GRCCC1 Onshore CCS(d) Grid Gas GRCCB2/ Russian Pipeline With EU-27 2030 0.0599 GRCCC2 Onshore CCS(d) Grid Gas GQOCB1/ Qatari LNG Ship Without EU-27 2009 0.0951 GQOCC1 Offshore CCS Grid Gas GQOCB2/ Qatari LNG Ship Without EU-27 2030 0.0919 GQOCC2 Offshore CCS Grid Gas GQCCB1/ Qatari LNG Ship With EU-27 2009 0.0580 GQCCC1 Offshore CCS(d) Grid Gas GQCCB2/ Qatari LNG Ship With EU-27 2030 0.0544 GQCCC2 Offshore CCS(d) Grid Gas Notes (a) Means of transport of natural gas from source to steam reformer in EU. (b) Source of electricity for use in steam reformer, compression of hydrogen for delivery and refuelling station. (c) Carbon capture and storage from natural gas processing as well as steam reformer. (d) Carbon capture and storage from steam reformer only. Table 24 Estimated Average Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Hydrogen
Table 23 Estimated Average Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Hydrogen Produced from Natural Gas by Steam Reforming and Delivered as Compressed Fuel to Refuelling Stations: RED Methodology Case Code Main Features of Pathway Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions (kg eq. CO2/MJ) Source of Gas Means of Transport(a) Steam Reformer Source of Electricity(b) kg CO2 eq / km RED1 Fossil fuel comparator 0.0838 RED2 60% net GHG emissions saving on fossil fuel comparator 0.0335 GNOCB1/ GNOCC1 Norwegian Offshore Gas Pipeline Without CCS Norway 2009 Grid 0.0755 GNCCB1 GNCCC1 Norwegian Offshore Gas Pipeline With CCS(c) Norway 2009 Grid 0.0319 0.0367 GROCB1/ GROCC1 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline Without CCS EU-27 2009 Grid 0.1001 GROCB2/ GROCC2 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline Without CCS EU-27 2030 Grid 0.0969 GRCCB1/ GRCCC1 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline With CCS(d) EU-27 2009 Grid 0.0634 GRCCB2/ GRCCC2 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline With CCS(d) EU-27 2030 Grid 0.0599 GQOCB1/ GQOCC1 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship Without CCS EU-27 2009 Grid 0.0951 GQOCB2/ GQOCC2 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship Without CCS EU-27 2030 Grid 0.0919 GQCCB1/ GQCCC1 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship With CCS(d) EU-27 2009 Grid 0.0580 GQCCB2/ GQCCC2 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship With CCS(d) EU-27 2030 Grid 0.0544 Notes (a) Means of transport of natural gas from source to steam reformer in EU. (b) Source of electricity for use in steam reformer, compression of hydrogen for delivery and refuelling station. (c) Carbon capture and storage from natural gas processing as well as steam reformer. (d) Carbon capture and storage from steam reformer only. Table 24 Estimated Average Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Hydrogen
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