by the roadside one must get up if a lorry drives by or if a When “doing one’s business” person is approaching. This is especially true for women. At times is getting up and down described only as an and other times as “inconvenience” “shameful.” One woman expressed distress saying that you could even to get up and down repeatedly. “shit your clothes” trying Both men and women suffer the embarrassment of getting up and down, but when one man mentioned the embarrassment in a derogatory another chided him, calling him “a woman” fashion. Thus, it is likely that fewer men mentioned the embarrassment. Men recognized that getting up and down is a problem for women, as one man commented: M#2, FG# 3: It is also a problem of social the thing. If a woman is sitting repute. That’s [squatting] on the streets and someone is passing by she will have to get up every time due to social respect. They have a lot of say three or four people are problems. Let’s passing by, they have to keep standing for 15 or 20 minutes in total. Going outside is not a good thing. There is definite overlap between and but shame seemed most getting up and down shame, related to gender. went beyond embarrassment for the defecator. Defecating in the open was Shame considered too shameful to be done in another village by some women (3) who demanded their daughters or nieces put in a toilet so they could use it when they visit (this will be mentioned under good things about toilets as well). Women, who often cover their faces and heads when a man or someone of a higher caste/class is nearby, have trouble covering their faces while holding their sari and the possibility of a man seeing their bare body during defecation is beyond embarrassment it makes one If a woman is seen, she might also be feel “ashamed.” called young man mentioned that if he were coming down the road and saw “shameful.” One his mother squatting, this would be shameful.
When “doing one’s business” by the roadside one must get up if a lorry drives by or if a person is approaching. This is especially true for women. At times getting up and down is described only as an “inconvenience” and other times as “shameful.” One woman expressed distress saying that you could even “shit your clothes” trying to get up and down repeatedly. Both men and women suffer the embarrassment of getting up and down, but when one man mentioned the embarrassment another chided him, calling him “a woman” in a derogatory fashion. Thus, it is likely that fewer men mentioned the embarrassment. Men recognized that getting up and down is a problem for women, as one man commented: M#2, FG# 3: It is also a problem of social repute. That’s the thing. If a woman is sitting [squatting] on the streets and someone is passing by she will have to get up every time due to social respect. They have a lot of problems. Let’s say three or four people are passing by, they have to keep standing for 15 or 20 minutes in total. Going outside is not a good thing. There is definite overlap between getting up and down and shame, but shame seemed most related to gender. Shame went beyond embarrassment for the defecator. Defecating in the open was considered too shameful to be done in another village by some women (3) who demanded their daughters or nieces put in a toilet so they could use it when they visit (this will be mentioned under good things about toilets as well). Women, who often cover their faces and heads when a man or someone of a higher caste/class is nearby, have trouble covering their faces while holding their sari and the possibility of a man seeing their bare body during defecation is beyond embarrassment it makes one feel “ashamed.” If a woman is seen, she might also be called “shameful.” One young man mentioned that if he were coming down the road and saw his mother squatting, this would be shameful.
Identity,%20Resistance,%20and%20Desire%20for%20Discourse.docx