Predicted metagenomes suggest functional shifts by the microbiota during development. While most broad predicted functional categories exhibited relatively little variation (Supplementary Figure 5) compared to variations in taxonomic abundances, we found that larval, juvenile and adult metagenomes had distinct abundances of predicted KO groups that clustered these age classes together (Supplementary Figure 6A), and some significant differences in functional categories between larval and adult microbiota were apparent (Supplementary In particular, we noted Figure 6B). that cell motility, including the aforementioned bacterial chemotaxis genes, was predicted to be enriched in larval microbiotas and carbohydrate metabolism enriched in adult microbiotas (Supplementary Figure 6C). While KO terms summarized by functional categories showed little differences between environmental and intestinal samples (data not shown), there was a significant increase in the overall dissimilarity in abundance of predicted KO terms in the environment and intestines throughout development (Supplementary Pearson's = 0.255; < 0.0001). Additionally, there was an Figure 6E; r p increase in predicted KO term dissimilarity between individuals throughout development (Supplementary Figure 6E; Pearson's = 0.457; < 0.0001). r p Supplementary Information References Caporaso JG, Lauber CL, Walters W a, Berg-Lyons D, Lozupone C a, Turnbaugh PJ, (2011). et al. Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample. Proc Natl Acad 108 Suppl :4516–22. Sci U S A Claesson MJ, Wang Q, O’Sullivan O, Greene-Diniz R, Cole JR, Ross RP, (2010). Comparison of et al. two next-generation sequencing technologies for resolving highly complex microbiota composition using tandem variable 16S rRNA gene regions. 38:e200. Nucleic Acids Res Danilova N, Steiner LA. (2002). B cells develop in the zebrafish pancreas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:13711–6.
Predicted metagenomes suggest functional shifts by the microbiota during development. While most broad predicted functional categories exhibited relatively little variation (Supplementary Figure 5) compared to variations in taxonomic abundances, we found that larval, juvenile and adult metagenomes had distinct abundances of predicted KO groups that clustered these age classes together (Supplementary Figure 6A), and some significant differences in functional categories between larval and adult microbiota were apparent (Supplementary Figure 6B). In particular, we noted that cell motility, including the aforementioned bacterial chemotaxis genes, was predicted to be enriched in larval microbiotas and carbohydrate metabolism enriched in adult microbiotas (Supplementary Figure 6C). While KO terms summarized by functional categories showed little differences between environmental and intestinal samples (data not shown), there was a significant increase in the overall dissimilarity in abundance of predicted KO terms in the environment and intestines throughout development (Supplementary Figure 6E; Pearson's r = 0.255; p < 0.0001). Additionally, there was an increase in predicted KO term dissimilarity between individuals throughout development (Supplementary Figure 6E; Pearson's r = 0.457; p < 0.0001). Supplementary Information References Caporaso JG, Lauber CL, Walters W a, Berg-Lyons D, Lozupone C a, Turnbaugh PJ, et al. (2011). Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108 Suppl :4516–22. Claesson MJ, Wang Q, O’Sullivan O, Greene-Diniz R, Cole JR, Ross RP, et al. (2010). Comparison of two next-generation sequencing technologies for resolving highly complex microbiota composition using tandem variable 16S rRNA gene regions. Nucleic Acids Res 38:e200. Danilova N, Steiner LA. (2002). B cells develop in the zebrafish pancreas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:13711–6.
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