Gas GROCB2 Russian Pipeline Without EU-27 2030 Grid 1.747 Onshore CCS Gas GRCCB1 Russian Pipeline With EU-27 2009 Grid 1.381 Onshore CCS(d) Gas GRCCB2 Russian Pipeline With EU-27 2030 Grid 1.328 Onshore CCS(d) Gas GQOCB1 Qatari LNG Ship Without EU-27 2009 Grid 1.718 Offshore CCS Gas GQOCB2 Qatari LNG Ship Without EU-27 2030 Grid 1.673 Offshore CCS Gas GQCCB1 Qatari LNG Ship With EU-27 2009 Grid 1.317 Offshore CCS(d) Gas GQCCB2 Qatari LNG Ship With EU-27 2030 Grid 1.260 Offshore CCS(d) Gas Notes (a) Means of transport of natural gas from source to steam reformer in EU. (b) Source of electricity for use in steam reformer, compression of hydrogen for delivery and refuelling station. (c) Carbon capture and storage from natural gas processing as well as steam reformer. (d) Carbon capture and storage from steam reformer only. Table 31 Estimated Average Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Fuel Cell Cars Using Hydrogen Produced from Natural Gas by Steam Reforming and Delivered as Compressed Fuel to Refuelling Stations: Consequential LCA Methodology Case Code Main Features of Pathway Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions Source of Means of Steam Source of (kg eq. CO2/km) Gas Transport(a) Reformer Electricity(b) ODC Conventional Car Using Diesel from Crude Oil 0.390 OPC Conventional Car Using Petrol from Crude Oil 0.409 GNOCC1 Norwegian Pipeline Without Norway 2009 Grid 0.168 Offshore CCS Gas GNCCC1 Norwegian Pipeline With Norway 2009 Grid 0.120 Offshore CCS(c) Gas GROCC1 Russian Pipeline Without EU-27 2009 Grid 0.201 Onshore CCS Gas GROCC2 Russian Pipeline Without EU-27 2030 Grid 0.196 Onshore CCS Gas GRCCC1 Russian Pipeline With EU-27 2009 Grid 0.155 Onshore CCS(d)
Gas GROCB2 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline Without CCS EU-27 2030 Grid 1.747 GRCCB1 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline With CCS(d) EU-27 2009 Grid 1.381 GRCCB2 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline With CCS(d) EU-27 2030 Grid 1.328 GQOCB1 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship Without CCS EU-27 2009 Grid 1.718 GQOCB2 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship Without CCS EU-27 2030 Grid 1.673 GQCCB1 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship With CCS(d) EU-27 2009 Grid 1.317 GQCCB2 Qatari Offshore Gas LNG Ship With CCS(d) EU-27 2030 Grid 1.260 Notes (a) Means of transport of natural gas from source to steam reformer in EU. (b) Source of electricity for use in steam reformer, compression of hydrogen for delivery and refuelling station. (c) Carbon capture and storage from natural gas processing as well as steam reformer. (d) Carbon capture and storage from steam reformer only. Table 31 Estimated Average Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Fuel Cell Cars Using Hydrogen Produced from Natural Gas by Steam Reforming and Delivered as Compressed Fuel to Refuelling Stations: Consequential LCA Methodology Case Code Main Features of Pathway Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions (kg eq. CO2/km) Source of Gas Means of Transport(a) Steam Reformer Source of Electricity(b) ODC Conventional Car Using Diesel from Crude Oil 0.390 OPC Conventional Car Using Petrol from Crude Oil 0.409 GNOCC1 Norwegian Offshore Gas Pipeline Without CCS Norway 2009 Grid 0.168 GNCCC1 Norwegian Offshore Gas Pipeline With CCS(c) Norway 2009 Grid 0.120 GROCC1 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline Without CCS EU-27 2009 Grid 0.201 GROCC2 Russian Onshore Gas Pipeline Without CCS EU-27 2030 Grid 0.196 GRCCC1 Russian Onshore Pipeline With CCS(d) EU-27 2009 Grid 0.155
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