American English Phonemic Chart VOWELS DIPTHONGS SPREAD LIPS ROUNDED LIPS : i ɪ ʊ u eɪ see hit put food vowel intonation say lengthen patterns e ə ɜʳ ɔ ɔɪ oʊ bed away turn call boy show æ ʌ ɑ aɪ aʊ cat cup arm my now bilabial bilabial alveolar alveolar palato-alveolar palato-alveolar velar velar p b t d tʃ dʒ k g pea boat tea dog cheese June car gone - PL + PL - PL + PL - AF + AF - PL + PL labio-dental labio-dental dental dental alveolar alveolar palato-alveolar palato-alveolar f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ fly video think this sea zoo ship television - F + F - F + F - F + F - F + F bilabial alveolar velar onset alveolar post alveolar bilabial palatal m n ŋ h l r w j man no sing hat love red wet yes + N + N + N - FF + L + FLC + S + S CONSONANTS PL= Plosive. Air blocked by tongue or lips and released suddenly. FF = Fortis Fricative. Vowel decides mouth shape but sound is stronger than just for vowel. AF = Affricative. Like plosive but air released a little slower. L = Voiced Alveolar Lateral. Tongue contacts Alveolar Ridge. Partial restriction of air flow. F = Fricative. Air built up like PL but air flow is restricted, not blocked. FLC = Frictionless Continuant. Tongue starts at back of AR and moves forward – no friction +/- voiced/unvoiced N = Nasal. Air flow is directed up through the nose. S =Semi-Vowel. No restriction of air flow, i.e. no closure or friction (like vowels)
American English Phonemic Chart SPREAD LIPS VOWELS ROUNDED LIPS DIPTHONGS i see ɪ hit ʊ put u food eɪ say : vowel lengthen intonation patterns e bed ə away ɜʳ turn ɔ call ɔɪ boy oʊ show æ cat ʌ cup ɑ arm aɪ my aʊ now bilabial p pea - PL bilabial b boat + PL alveolar t tea - PL alveolar d dog + PL palato-alveolar tʃ cheese - AF palato-alveolar dʒ June + AF velar k car - PL velar g gone + PL labio-dental f fly - F labio-dental v video + F dental θ think - F dental ð this + F alveolar s sea - F alveolar z zoo + F palato-alveolar ʃ ship - F palato-alveolar ʒ television + F bilabial m man + N alveolar n no + N velar ŋ sing + N onset h hat - FF alveolar l love + L post alveolar r red + FLC bilabial w wet + S palatal j yes + S PL= Plosive. Air blocked by tongue or lips and released suddenly. AF = Affricative. Like plosive but air released a little slower. F = Fricative. Air built up like PL but air flow is restricted, not blocked. N = Nasal. Air flow is directed up through the nose. CONSONANTS +/- voiced/unvoiced FF = Fortis Fricative. Vowel decides mouth shape but sound is stronger than just for vowel. L = Voiced Alveolar Lateral. Tongue contacts Alveolar Ridge. Partial restriction of air flow. FLC = Frictionless Continuant. Tongue starts at back of AR and moves forward – no friction S =Semi-Vowel. No restriction of air flow, i.e. no closure or friction (like vowels)
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