5. Long Term Orientation (LTO) This refers to how much society values long-standing as – – opposed to short term traditions and values. This is the fifth dimension that Hofstede added in – the 1990s after finding that Asian countries with a strong link to Confucian philosophy acted differently from western cultures. In countries with a high LTO score, delivering on social obligations and avoiding "loss of face" are considered very important. Characteristics Cross Cultural Tips Family is the basis of society. Show respect for traditions. Parents and men have more Do not display extravagance or act authority than young people and frivolously. women. High LTO Reward perseverance, loyalty, and Strong work ethic. commitment. High value placed on education Avoid doing anything that would cause and training. another to "lose face". Promotion of equality. Expect to live by the same standards and rules you create. High creativity, individualism. Be respectful of others. Low LTO Treat others as you would like to be treated. Do not hesitate to introduce necessary changes. Self-actualization is sought. ______________________________________________________________________________ 1 Adapted from: http://www.geerthofstede.nl/index.aspx 2 Adapted from: http://www.geerthofstede.nl/culture.aspx 3 Adapted from: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_66.htm
5. Long Term Orientation (LTO) – This refers to how much society values long-standing – as opposed to short term – traditions and values. This is the fifth dimension that Hofstede added in the 1990s after finding that Asian countries with a strong link to Confucian philosophy acted differently from western cultures. In countries with a high LTO score, delivering on social obligations and avoiding "loss of face" are considered very important. Characteristics Cross Cultural Tips High LTO Family is the basis of society. Parents and men have more authority than young people and women. Strong work ethic. High value placed on education and training. Show respect for traditions. Do not display extravagance or act frivolously. Reward perseverance, loyalty, and commitment. Avoid doing anything that would cause another to "lose face". Low LTO Promotion of equality. High creativity, individualism. Treat others as you would like to be treated. Self-actualization is sought. Expect to live by the same standards and rules you create. Be respectful of others. Do not hesitate to introduce necessary changes. ______________________________________________________________________________ 1 Adapted from: http://www.geerthofstede.nl/index.aspx 2 Adapted from: http://www.geerthofstede.nl/culture.aspx 3 Adapted from: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_66.htm
Hofstede.docx