1.4 Cannabis (marijuana) ref Study LoE Sample Aim/methods Findings Comments design size SLR IV 31 cohort Aim: To estimate whether marijuana use in Based on pooled unadjusted data, marijuana () and pregnancy increases risks for adverse use during pregnancy was associated with an neonatal outcomes and clarify if any increased risk of low birth weight (15.4% studies increased risk is attributable to marijuana compared with 10.4%, pooled relative risk [RR] use itself or to confounding factors such as 1.43, 95%CI 1.27 to 1.62) and preterm delivery tobacco use. (15.3% compared with 9.6%, pooled RR 1.32, 95%CI 1.14-1.54). However, pooled data Two authors performed a search Methods: adjusted for tobacco use and other of the data through August 2015 utilizing confounding factors showed no statistically PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane significant increased risk for low birth weight reviews, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cumulative (pooled RR 1.16, 95%CI 0.98 to 1.37) or Index to Nursing and Allied Health. preterm delivery (pooled RR 1.08, 95%CI 0.82 Observational studies that compared rates to 1.43). of prespecified adverse neonatal outcomes in women who used marijuana Maternal marijuana use during pregnancy is during pregnancy with women who did not an independent risk factor for adverse not were linique. Primary outcomes were neonatal outcomes after adjusting for low birth weight (<2,500 g) and preterm confounding factors. The association delivery <37 weeks. Secondary outcomes between maternal marijuana use and were birth weight, gestational age at adverse outcomes appears attributable to delivery, small for gestational age, level II concomitant tobacco use and other or greater nursery admission, stillbirth, confounding factors. spontaneous abortion, low Apgar score, placental abruption, and perinatal death.
1.4 Cannabis (marijuana) ref Study design LoE Sample size Aim/methods Findings Comments () SLR IV 31 cohort and studies Aim: To estimate whether marijuana use in pregnancy increases risks for adverse neonatal outcomes and clarify if any increased risk is attributable to marijuana use itself or to confounding factors such as tobacco use. Methods: Two authors performed a search of the data through August 2015 utilizing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane reviews, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health. Observational studies that compared rates of prespecified adverse neonatal outcomes in women who used marijuana during pregnancy with women who did not were linique. Primary outcomes were low birth weight (<2,500 g) and preterm delivery <37 weeks. Secondary outcomes were birth weight, gestational age at delivery, small for gestational age, level II or greater nursery admission, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, low Apgar score, placental abruption, and perinatal death. Based on pooled unadjusted data, marijuana use during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of low birth weight (15.4% compared with 10.4%, pooled relative risk [RR] 1.43, 95%CI 1.27 to 1.62) and preterm delivery (15.3% compared with 9.6%, pooled RR 1.32, 95%CI 1.14-1.54). However, pooled data adjusted for tobacco use and other confounding factors showed no statistically significant increased risk for low birth weight (pooled RR 1.16, 95%CI 0.98 to 1.37) or preterm delivery (pooled RR 1.08, 95%CI 0.82 to 1.43). Maternal marijuana use during pregnancy is not an independent risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes after adjusting for confounding factors. The association between maternal marijuana use and adverse outcomes appears attributable to concomitant tobacco use and other confounding factors.
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