RFLP Aosta Valley Flavescence dorée FD-C Flavescence doree Less than 1 Grapevine Leaf yellowing or Real Time PCR FD-D plant per redness, leaf curling, (FAY/REY) vineyard canes remaining green Nested PCR (no lignification) (P1/P7 + F1/V1731) + RFLP (F1(V)/R1(V)) M1/B6 + RFLP Stolbur Tuf-A Bois noir 0 - 50% oft he Grapevine Same as FD Nested PCR Tuf-B plants within (F1(I)/R1(I)) the same r tuf/f tuf + RFLP vineyard stol1H10 F2/R2 + RFLP Pidmont Ca. P. mali AT-1 Apple proliferation 5 to 70% Apples Witches-broom Nested PCR AP-15 Hawthorn unusually long stipules (F1(X)/R1(X)) Valle d’Aosta AT-2 smaller fruits (fO1/rO1) + RFLP Pidmont Ca. P. pyri Pear Decline 10 to 70% pear Leaf reddening, Nested PCR smaller fruits (fO1/rO1) + RFLP Valle d’Aosta Piemonte Ca. P. prunorum European Stone 5 to 30% Plum, apricot Chlorotic leaf roll, early Nested PCR Fruit Yellows (plum) foliation (fO1/rO1) + RFLP 2-4 % (apricot) Piedmont Ca. P. asteris 16SrXI-B Chrysantemum Chrysantemum Leaf yellowing and Nested PCR Liguria yellow spp., chlorosys, F1/R1(I) + RFLP Argyranthemum phyllody frutescens, Tagetes spp., etc…
RFLP Aosta Valley Flavescence dorée FD-C FD-D Flavescence doree Less than 1 plant per vineyard Grapevine Leaf yellowing or redness, leaf curling, canes remaining green (no lignification) Real Time PCR (FAY/REY) Nested PCR (P1/P7 + F1/V1731) + RFLP (F1(V)/R1(V)) M1/B6 + RFLP Stolbur Tuf-A Tuf-B Bois noir 0 - 50% oft he plants within the same vineyard Grapevine Same as FD Nested PCR (F1(I)/R1(I)) r tuf/f tuf + RFLP stol1H10 F2/R2 + RFLP Pidmont Valle d’Aosta Ca. P. mali AT-1 AP-15 AT-2 Apple proliferation 5 to 70% Apples Hawthorn Witches-broom unusually long stipules smaller fruits Nested PCR (F1(X)/R1(X)) (fO1/rO1) + RFLP Pidmont Valle d’Aosta Ca. P. pyri Pear Decline 10 to 70% pear Leaf reddening, smaller fruits Nested PCR (fO1/rO1) + RFLP Piemonte Ca. P. prunorum European Stone Fruit Yellows 5 to 30% (plum) 2-4 % (apricot) Plum, apricot Chlorotic leaf roll, early foliation Nested PCR (fO1/rO1) + RFLP Piedmont Liguria Ca. P. asteris 16SrXI-B Chrysantemum yellow Chrysantemum spp., Argyranthemum frutescens, Tagetes spp., etc… Leaf yellowing and chlorosys, phyllody Nested PCR F1/R1(I) + RFLP
Phytoplasma%20Diseases%20and%20Vectors%20in%20Europe%20and%20Surroundings.docx