Relating Late-Quaternary Plant and Animal Distributions to Past and Future Climate Samantha W. Kaplan, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Margaret M. Yacobucci, Bowling Green State University John W. Williams, University of Wisconsin-Madison Prior Content Covered Quaternary climate change patterns Climate proxies what they are and how they are used – Idea of a climate space = multivariate representation of climate variables, in which species occupy a portion of the whole Target Taxa Trees: (white spruce) Picea glauca (black spruce) Picea mariana (white pine) Pinus strobus (red pine) Pinus resinosa (white oak) Quercus alba or all spp. (Eastern hemlock) or all spp. Tsuga canadensis Tsuga Other Plants: Poaceae (all grasses) (sagebrush, mugwort, wormwood; associated with shortgrass prairie) Artemisia (ragweed; associated with tallgrass prairie) Ambrosia Chenopodiaceae & Amaranthaceae (open or disturbed areas) Animals: (prairie dog) linked to shortgrass prairie Cynomys spp. – (black-footed ferret) linked to prairie dog, but not much data Mustela nigripes – (pine marten) linked to pine Martes americana – (fisher) good comparison to pine marten, stayed south when pine Martes pennanti – marten moved north, until extirpated in historical times due to forest clearing by European settlers (see paper by Graham and Graham 1994) (pronghorn) linked to shortgrass prairie Antilocapra americana – (or (bison) linked to tallgrass prairie Bison bison Bos bison) – (muskox) linked to tundra good for today but not much past data Ovibos moschatus – – = good illustration of how database is limited (mastodon) linked to forest / no-analog plant communities Mammut americanum – (bark beetle) linked to spruce Phloeotribus piceae – Running the Activity in Class
Relating Late-Quaternary Plant and Animal Distributions to Past and Future Climate Samantha W. Kaplan, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Margaret M. Yacobucci, Bowling Green State University John W. Williams, University of Wisconsin-Madison Prior Content Covered Quaternary climate change patterns Climate proxies – what they are and how they are used Idea of a climate space = multivariate representation of climate variables, in which species occupy a portion of the whole Target Taxa Trees: Picea glauca (white spruce) Picea mariana (black spruce) Pinus strobus (white pine) Pinus resinosa (red pine) Quercus alba (white oak) Tsuga canadensis or all spp. (Eastern hemlock) or all Tsuga spp. Other Plants: Poaceae (all grasses) Artemisia (sagebrush, mugwort, wormwood; associated with shortgrass prairie) Ambrosia (ragweed; associated with tallgrass prairie) Chenopodiaceae & Amaranthaceae (open or disturbed areas) Animals: Cynomys spp. (prairie dog) – linked to shortgrass prairie Mustela nigripes (black-footed ferret) – linked to prairie dog, but not much data Martes americana (pine marten) – linked to pine Martes pennanti (fisher) – good comparison to pine marten, stayed south when pine marten moved north, until extirpated in historical times due to forest clearing by European settlers (see paper by Graham and Graham 1994) Antilocapra americana (pronghorn) – linked to shortgrass prairie Bison bison (or Bos bison) (bison) – linked to tallgrass prairie Ovibos moschatus (muskox) – linked to tundra – good for today but not much past data = good illustration of how database is limited Mammut americanum (mastodon) – linked to forest / no-analog plant communities Phloeotribus piceae (bark beetle) – linked to spruce Running the Activity in Class
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