Rio de Janeiro is in south east Brazil. It has more than 600 squatter settlements (called Favelas), housing one-fifth of the city’s population (more than 1 million people). Background: Social improvements: Often the poorest people in urban areas are the Day care centres for children to allow parents worst affect by the problems of urban growth. to work and earn money Urban planning schemes can help reduce the Adult education classes so that they can learn impact of these problems and improve the new skills and earn more money quality of life for the urban poor. Services to help people with drug or alcohol The project ran from1995-2008 and involved addictions so they get ‘clean’ and contribute to 253,000 people in 73 favelas. society Economic improvements: Environmental improvements: People are given help to get legal ownership of Wooden buildings are being replaced with brick their land and properties – this is good as they buildings so they can deal with poor weather will not get evicted and they will try to improve Streets have been widened and paved and their land sewers have been plumbed in so the sewage Running training schemes to help people find does not stay in the street and spread disease better jobs Rubbish collections once a week to remove waste from the streets The success and failures of the scheme: Quality of life and employment prospects of the inhabitants of the favelas have improved because of the developments made possible by the project. However it has not been a complete success and there are still problems: The budget of US$1 billion may not cover every favela The newly-built infrastructure is not being maintained Residents lack the skills and resources to make repairs More training is needed to improve literacy and employment Rents rise in the improved favelas and the poorest inhabitants are even worse off Example questions: Using an example assess the success or failure of an urban planning scheme – 9 marks Evaluate the effectiveness of an urban planning scheme in a LIC or NEE you have studied – 9 marks Explain how squatter settlements can be improved. Use an example. 6 marks Topic: Major UK city - London Context: Urban regeneration Location: The London Olympics, The Lower Lea Valley Why was it in need of regeneration? What obstacles had to be overcome to Was one of the main industrial areas in regenerate the site? London – following de-industrialisation Before construction or regeneration the buildings were left derelict and this could begin, obstacles had to be attracted crime and graffiti overcome: The area has high areas of deprivation
Rio de Janeiro is in south east Brazil. It has more than 600 squatter settlements (called Favelas), housing one-fifth of the city’s population (more than 1 million people). Background: Often the poorest people in urban areas are the worst affect by the problems of urban growth. Urban planning schemes can help reduce the impact of these problems and improve the quality of life for the urban poor. The project ran from1995-2008 and involved 253,000 people in 73 favelas. Social improvements: Day care centres for children to allow parents to work and earn money Adult education classes so that they can learn new skills and earn more money Services to help people with drug or alcohol addictions so they get ‘clean’ and contribute to society Economic improvements: People are given help to get legal ownership of their land and properties – this is good as they will not get evicted and they will try to improve their land Running training schemes to help people find better jobs Environmental improvements: Wooden buildings are being replaced with brick buildings so they can deal with poor weather Streets have been widened and paved and sewers have been plumbed in so the sewage does not stay in the street and spread disease Rubbish collections once a week to remove waste from the streets The success and failures of the scheme: Quality of life and employment prospects of the inhabitants of the favelas have improved because of the developments made possible by the project. However it has not been a complete success and there are still problems: The budget of US$1 billion may not cover every favela The newly-built infrastructure is not being maintained Residents lack the skills and resources to make repairs More training is needed to improve literacy and employment Rents rise in the improved favelas and the poorest inhabitants are even worse off Example questions: Using an example assess the success or failure of an urban planning scheme – 9 marks Evaluate the effectiveness of an urban planning scheme in a LIC or NEE you have studied – 9 marks Explain how squatter settlements can be improved. Use an example. 6 marks Topic: Major UK city - London Context: Urban regeneration Location: The London Olympics, The Lower Lea Valley Why was it in need of regeneration? Was one of the main industrial areas in London – following de-industrialisation the buildings were left derelict and this attracted crime and graffiti The area has high areas of deprivation What obstacles had to be overcome to regenerate the site? Before construction or regeneration could begin, obstacles had to be overcome:
Human_Geography_Case_Study_Booklet.docx