The Positive and Negative Affect Scale questionnaire (PANAS) was used to assess enjoyment through exercise; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire (HADS) was used for anxiety and/or depressive disorder screening; and the MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life instrument (HRQL) was utilized to assess quality of life. The use of these 3 validated psychometric questionnaires widely used in CR research11-13 was to assess the psychological response to the intervention. Emotional experience was assessed using the PANAS self-administered questionnaire.14 The PANAS can be used to assess mood on various time scales by altering the instructions. Within the physical activity domain, the PANAS has demonstrated acceptable construct validity and internal consistency with average alpha coefficients above .80 for both sub-scales.15 The HADS self-administered questionnaire was used to detect the presence of depression (HADS-D) and anxiety (HADS-A).16 HADS is considered a reliable tool (Cronbach's alpha for HADS-A varies from .68 to .93 [mean = .83] and for HADS-D from .67 to.90 [mean = .82]).17 The sensitivity and specificity of HADS-A and HADS-D with a threshold of 8+ were found to be in the range of 0.70 to 0.90, making it suitable to assess anxiety disorders and depression in both somatic, psychiatric and primary care patients and in the general population.17 Its subscales have also been shown to be valid measures of the severity of the emotional disorder.16 The MacNew Heart Disease HRQL questionnaire is a self-administered instrument to assess and evaluate HRQL in patients with coronary heart disease,18 with psychometric properties established internationally and specific to those following the onset of heart disease.19 The MacNew questionnaire provides a global HRQL score, a physical limitations scale, an emotional function scale, and a social function scale. The English version has been shown to be reliable (Cronbach’s alpha from 0.78 to 0.95 depending on the scale),19 valid
The Positive and Negative Affect Scale questionnaire (PANAS) was used to assess enjoyment through exercise; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire (HADS) was used for anxiety and/or depressive disorder screening; and the MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life instrument (HRQL) was utilized to assess quality of life. The use of these 3 validated psychometric questionnaires widely used in CR research11-13 was to assess the psychological response to the intervention. Emotional experience was assessed using the PANAS self-administered questionnaire.14 The PANAS can be used to assess mood on various time scales by altering the instructions. Within the physical activity domain, the PANAS has demonstrated acceptable construct validity and internal consistency with average alpha coefficients above .80 for both sub-scales.15 The HADS self-administered questionnaire was used to detect the presence of depression (HADS-D) and anxiety (HADS-A).16 HADS is considered a reliable tool (Cronbach's alpha for HADS-A varies from .68 to .93 [mean = .83] and for HADS-D from .67 to.90 [mean = .82]).17 The sensitivity and specificity of HADS-A and HADS-D with a threshold of 8+ were found to be in the range of 0.70 to 0.90, making it suitable to assess anxiety disorders and depression in both somatic, psychiatric and primary care patients and in the general population.17 Its subscales have also been shown to be valid measures of the severity of the emotional disorder.16 The MacNew Heart Disease HRQL questionnaire is a self-administered instrument to assess and evaluate HRQL in patients with coronary heart disease,18 with psychometric properties established internationally and specific to those following the onset of heart disease.19 The MacNew questionnaire provides a global HRQL score, a physical limitations scale, an emotional function scale, and a social function scale. The English version has been shown to be reliable (Cronbach’s alpha from 0.78 to 0.95 depending on the scale),19 valid
JCRP_2016_09_21_RUIVO_JCRP-D-15-00136_SDC2.docx