Lack of services e.g. schools, etc. Most have no running water • (cholera), toilets, safe electricity, rubbish NE Push Factors milking by hand, drought + collection – desertification and Pernambuco village Overcrowded, disease spreads • High birth-rate, 6 kids per shack! • Pull factors: Advertising campaigns were run in Management of problem Self-Help Scheme – areas in the 1950s and 1960s to attract workers Run by local government and NGOs to the city (Non-government organizations) More schools, doctors and other services Local gov provides breeze blocks, – in the city roofing tiles, electricity, clean water, tarred Successful migrants encourage people to roads, community centre join them Self-help so favela dwellers dig ditches – for + build houses Café, better SOL / IT class better education / sense of pride + community spirit Skyline Lights” Saves money so cheap houses “Bright HIV/AIDS: Case Botswana initial virus caught by the exchanging of bodily fluids, breast milk or blood can be treated but HIV: – not cured. AIDS: later stages of HIV virus which attacks the immune system and allows other infections into the body. Where: Africa (see above) Solutions: Problem: (1987-89) the screening of blood to eliminate the risk of In 2005 an estimated 270,000 people living with HIV HIV transmission through blood transfusion. population below two million) (1989-97) information, education and communication 24.1% of people have HIV/Aids programmes Botswana National Policy on AIDS. – Life expectancy less than 40 years in 2000-2005, a figure (1997 onwards) education, prevention and comprehensive about 28 years lower than it would have been without care including the provision of antiretroviral treatment for AIDS. 19,000 people. An estimated 120,000 children have lost at least one parent to the epidemic. HIV prevention programme: First case 1985 Public education & awareness – Many people have more than one sexual partner of AIDS: Abstain, Be faithful and, if you “” Ignorance about AIDS and how it is spread have sex, Condomize. Sick people cannot contribute to the economy or to their Safe-sex billboards and posters families everywhere. Large number of orphans with not enough government Radio drama dealing with culturally specific money to help them - no education or possibilities for the HIV/AIDS-related issues and encouraging future changes in sexual behaviour. Workplace peer counselling. Unit 1.2 Settlements Rural Settlements:
Lack of services e.g. schools, etc. NE Push Factors – milking by hand, drought + desertification and Pernambuco village Pull factors: Advertising campaigns were run in areas in the 1950s and 1960s to attract workers to the city More schools, doctors and other services in the city Successful migrants encourage people to join them Café, better SOL / IT class better education / Skyline “Bright Lights” • Most have no running water (cholera), toilets, safe electricity, rubbish collection • Overcrowded, disease spreads • High birth-rate, 6 kids per shack! Management of problem – Self-Help Scheme Run by local government and NGOs (Non-government organizations) Local gov provides – breeze blocks, roofing tiles, electricity, clean water, tarred roads, community centre Self-help so favela dwellers – dig ditches for + build houses sense of pride + community spirit Saves money so cheap houses HIV/AIDS: Case Botswana HIV: initial virus caught by the exchanging of bodily fluids, breast milk or blood – can be treated but not cured. AIDS: later stages of HIV virus which attacks the immune system and allows other infections into the body. Where: Africa (see above) Problem: In 2005 an estimated 270,000 people living with HIV population below two million) 24.1% of people have HIV/Aids Life expectancy less than 40 years in 2000-2005, a figure about 28 years lower than it would have been without AIDS. An estimated 120,000 children have lost at least one parent to the epidemic. First case 1985 Many people have more than one sexual partner Ignorance about AIDS and how it is spread Sick people cannot contribute to the economy or to their families Large number of orphans with not enough government money to help them - no education or possibilities for the future Solutions: (1987-89) the screening of blood to eliminate the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion. (1989-97) information, education and communication programmes – Botswana National Policy on AIDS. (1997 onwards) education, prevention and comprehensive care including the provision of antiretroviral treatment for 19,000 people. HIV prevention programme: Public education & awareness – “” of AIDS: Abstain, Be faithful and, if you have sex, Condomize. Safe-sex billboards and posters everywhere. Radio drama dealing with culturally specific HIV/AIDS-related issues and encouraging changes in sexual behaviour. Workplace peer counselling. Unit 1.2 Settlements Rural Settlements:
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