= standard deviation of the slow fading distribution (in dB) σ = frequency (in MHz) f = antenna height of the transmitter antenna (in m) h1 = antenna height of the receiver antenna (in m) h2 = min{} Hm = max{} Hb = distance (in km), preferably less than 100 km. d = parameter for the environments of the transmitter and receiver: (outdoor/indoor), (rural, urban env or suburban), (propagation above or below roof) = Gaussian distribution G(σ) = pseudo random number generated with Gaussian distribution T( G(σ)) where and are two independent random variables (using two different seeds, whose values are v1 v2 determined using a uniform distribution, uniformly distributed between -1 and +1. U(0,1)) If and/or are below 1 m, a value of 1 m should be used instead. Antenna heights above 200 m Hm Hb might also lead to significant errors. Propagation below roof means that both and are below the Hm Hb height of roofs. Propagation is above roof in other cases (Hb is above the height of roofs). Calculation of the median path loss L Case 1: 0.04 km d ≤ The median path loss is L Case 2: 0.1 km d ≥ Let be defined first and the median path loss is equated for each case of urban, a(Hm), a(Hm),and α L suburban and open areas as defined in three subcases in the below. Note that for short range devices in the case of low base station antenna height, , is replaced with Hb and Sub-case 1: Urban 30 MHz 150 MHz f • ≤ ≤
σ = standard deviation of the slow fading distribution (in dB) f = frequency (in MHz) h1 = antenna height of the transmitter antenna (in m) h2 = antenna height of the receiver antenna (in m) Hm = min{} Hb = max{} d = distance (in km), preferably less than 100 km. env = parameter for the environments of the transmitter and receiver: (outdoor/indoor), (rural, urban or suburban), (propagation above or below roof) G(σ) = Gaussian distribution T( G(σ)) = pseudo random number generated with Gaussian distribution where v1 and v2 are two independent random variables (using two different seeds, whose values are determined using a uniform distribution, U(0,1)) uniformly distributed between -1 and +1. If Hm and/or Hb are below 1 m, a value of 1 m should be used instead. Antenna heights above 200 m might also lead to significant errors. Propagation below roof means that both Hm and Hb are below the height of roofs. Propagation is above roof in other cases (Hb is above the height of roofs). Calculation of the median path loss L Case 1: d ≤ 0.04 km The median path loss L is Case 2: d ≥ 0.1 km Let a(Hm), a(Hm),and α be defined first and the median path loss L is equated for each case of urban, suburban and open areas as defined in three subcases in the below. Note that for short range devices in the case of low base station antenna height, Hb , is replaced with and Sub-case 1: Urban • 30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 150 MHz
15-11-0684-07-004m-tg4m-technical-guidance-document.docx