in the early day of Jacksonian America. In fact, even outside the South it appears that lynching, during the Populist and Progressive Era, was both more barbaric and more racial, approaching Southern lynching in that regard, just as antebellum Southern lynching approached the Western model (hanging rather than burning) as the Civil War approached. The history of lynching, 1830-1930, includes at least two distinct models of collective violence: vigilantism and terrorism. Vigilantism tends to be associated with frontiers and political interests, such as cattlemen or farmers hanging rustlers or horse thieves in Colorado or in Indiana during Reconstruction. Terrorism tends to be associated with regions of refuge, such as Border States and racial or status-based political interests, in the antebellum South and West between 1830 and 1849. The extermination of Native American Indian claims to the West entailed terrorism and military as well as paramilitary expeditions, in Indiana shortly after the War of 1812 and before Jackson, an Indian Fighter in his own right, began to challenge both Jeffersonian and Southern ideals of Democracy. At the same time, in Southern Colorado, the associates of Saint Vrain and Southwestern Empire waged running battles with the Bent’s Utes, including the Pueblo Massacre. In California and New Mexico, the war of conquest waged against the Native and Mexican people was part of a frontier experience that colored vigilantism often mixed with terrorism. Learning to Lynch The invention of lynching as vigilantism and terrorism, in defense of class and status interests, was a product of the general transformation of the American republican capitalist system between 1830 and 1930. When and where lynching appeared in what form depended on
in the early day of Jacksonian America. In fact, even outside the South it appears that lynching, during the Populist and Progressive Era, was both more barbaric and more racial, approaching Southern lynching in that regard, just as antebellum Southern lynching approached the Western model (hanging rather than burning) as the Civil War approached. The history of lynching, 1830-1930, includes at least two distinct models of collective violence: vigilantism and terrorism. Vigilantism tends to be associated with frontiers and political interests, such as cattlemen or farmers hanging rustlers or horse thieves in Colorado or in Indiana during Reconstruction. Terrorism tends to be associated with regions of refuge, such as Border States and racial or status-based political interests, in the antebellum South and West between 1830 and 1849. The extermination of Native American Indian claims to the West entailed terrorism and military as well as paramilitary expeditions, in Indiana shortly after the War of 1812 and before Jackson, an Indian Fighter in his own right, began to challenge both Jeffersonian and Southern ideals of Democracy. At the same time, in Southern Colorado, the associates of Saint Vrain and Bent’s Southwestern Empire waged running battles with the Utes, including the Pueblo Massacre. In California and New Mexico, the war of conquest waged against the Native and Mexican people was part of a frontier experience that colored vigilantism often mixed with terrorism. Learning to Lynch The invention of lynching as vigilantism and terrorism, in defense of class and status interests, was a product of the general transformation of the American republican capitalist system between 1830 and 1930. When and where lynching appeared in what form depended on
Hogan_2013_Repertoires_w_title_abstract.docx