NUR 475 – FNP III HEENT Normal Vision Changes with Aging: Diagnosis and Management VISUAL CHANGE FUNCTIONAL CORRELATES MANAGEMENT Decrease in visual Performing all visual tasks Increase illumination acuity Increase contrast Presbyopia Difficulty with near point tasks Corrective eyeglasses Increase illumination Decrease in contrast Difficulty seeing under conditions Filters sensitivity of poor lighter (e.g., night driving, Magnification church) and poor contrast (e.g., Illumination reading a newspaper) Decrease in dark Problems with tunnels, movie Sunglasses when outdoors adaptation theaters, night driving Take a moment to dark/light adapt before trying to walk Delayed recovery from Problems with headlights, Sunglasses (but not for night driving) glare decreased visual functioning on Antireflective lens coating sunny days Hats, visors Less fluorescent lighting (Source: Carter, T.L. (September 1994). “Age-related vision changes: A primary care guide. Geriatrics, 49(9), Classifications of Visual Impairment CLASSIFICATION DEFINITION Legal blindness Best visual acuity ≤ 20/200 in the better eye or Visual filed ≤ 20o Partially sighted Best visual acuity ≤ 20/70 in the better eye or Visual filed ≤ 30o Functionally visually impaired When activities of daily living are affected Best visual acuity ≤ 20/50 (Source: Carter, T.L. (September 1994). “Age-related vision changes: A primary care guide. Geriatrics, 49(9), The four most prevalent age-related ocular diseases and the four leading causes of low vision in the US are: Macular degeneration Open-angle glaucoma Cataract Diabetic retinopathy
NUR 475 – FNP III HEENT Normal Vision Changes with Aging: Diagnosis and Management VISUAL CHANGE FUNCTIONAL CORRELATES MANAGEMENT Decrease in visual acuity Performing all visual tasks Increase illumination Increase contrast Presbyopia Difficulty with near point tasks Corrective eyeglasses Increase illumination Decrease in contrast sensitivity Difficulty seeing under conditions of poor lighter (e.g., night driving, church) and poor contrast (e.g., reading a newspaper) Filters Magnification Illumination Decrease in dark adaptation Problems with tunnels, movie theaters, night driving Sunglasses when outdoors Take a moment to dark/light adapt before trying to walk Delayed recovery from glare Problems with headlights, decreased visual functioning on sunny days Sunglasses (but not for night driving) Antireflective lens coating Hats, visors Less fluorescent lighting (Source: Carter, T.L. (September 1994). “Age-related vision changes: A primary care guide. Geriatrics, 49(9), Classifications of Visual Impairment CLASSIFICATION DEFINITION Legal blindness Best visual acuity ≤ 20/200 in the better eye or Visual filed ≤ 20o Partially sighted Best visual acuity ≤ 20/70 in the better eye or Visual filed ≤ 30o Functionally visually impaired When activities of daily living are affected Best visual acuity ≤ 20/50 (Source: Carter, T.L. (September 1994). “Age-related vision changes: A primary care guide. Geriatrics, 49(9), The four most prevalent age-related ocular diseases and the four leading causes of low vision in the US are: Macular degeneration Open-angle glaucoma Cataract Diabetic retinopathy
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