and Salvia pratensis large populations over dry calcareous morphological Scabiosa 200 individuals, small ) grasslands, variation and Bigger populations had more phenotypic variation. columbaria, populations less than 90 Netherlands perennials, population size individuals outbreeding hand pollination Cochlearia small less than 100 (small and large Offspring from small populations smaller and fewer narrow bavarica, ) individuals, large over Munich Germany population - 1, survived to maturity, pollen from 10-100 m away higher endemic, largely 1000 individuals 10, 100, 1000m reproductive success and larger size. self-incompatible away) Pollinator absent from small conservation areas (<385 ha) Cape Floral Region, bee - in an urban matrix, Six specialist plant species pollinated Rediviva ) conservation areas South Africa only be this bee had failed seed set in absence of peringueyi pollinators, other generalist plants were fine. Remnant population size and genetic diversity were ) 500 or fewer individuals Australia genetic variation Eucalyptus albens correlated in populations with fewer than 500 individuals. Microseris Fewer alleles in smaller populations than larger 3000 or fewer grassy woodlands of common lanceolata, ) allozyme population, smaller population undergoing gradual genetic individuals affected southern Australia plant, outcrossing, decline. allotetraploid disturbed less than 3 pollination and conspecifics/ha, dry tropical forest, Negatively influenced by habitat disruption, bats more Ceiba gradiflora, ) reproductive undisturbed 10+ Pacific coast, Mexico trees along highway likely to visit undisturbed habitats. success individuals/ha 1 to 50,000 flowering genetic variation No clear relationship, most small populations consist only Gentiana ) individuals in Netherlands and outcrossing of adult survivors from formerly larger populations. Low pneumonanthe populations rate levels of gene flow between populations. termperate rainforest, woody species plant-pollinator Nested structure of interaction, entire subset of various ) Chiloe Island, southern dependent of biotic network tree species was most important. Chile pollinators Genetic diversity at population level and population ) REVIEW fitness strongly correlated. Tree size similar between fragments, recruitment higher in seedling larger stands, ramet regeneration was similar between ) 0.2-12 ha central Spain Quercus ilex recruitment fragments, mouse consumption of acorns much higher in small stands. molecular variation ) DISCUSSION isolated plant populations
) large populations over 200 individuals, small populations less than 90 individuals dry calcareous grasslands, Netherlands Salvia pratensis and Scabiosa columbaria, perennials, outbreeding morphological variation and population size Bigger populations had more phenotypic variation. ) small less than 100 individuals, large over 1000 individuals Munich Germany Cochlearia bavarica, narrow endemic, largely self-incompatible hand pollination (small and large population - 1, 10, 100, 1000m away) Offspring from small populations smaller and fewer survived to maturity, pollen from 10-100 m away higher reproductive success and larger size. ) conservation areas Cape Floral Region, South Africa bee - Rediviva peringueyi Pollinator absent from small conservation areas (<385 ha) in an urban matrix, Six specialist plant species pollinated only be this bee had failed seed set in absence of pollinators, other generalist plants were fine. ) 500 or fewer individuals Australia Eucalyptus albens genetic variation Remnant population size and genetic diversity were correlated in populations with fewer than 500 individuals. ) 3000 or fewer individuals affected grassy woodlands of southern Australia Microseris lanceolata, common plant, outcrossing, allotetraploid allozyme Fewer alleles in smaller populations than larger population, smaller population undergoing gradual genetic decline. ) disturbed less than 3 conspecifics/ha, undisturbed 10+ individuals/ha dry tropical forest, Pacific coast, Mexico Ceiba gradiflora, trees along highway pollination and reproductive success Negatively influenced by habitat disruption, bats more likely to visit undisturbed habitats. ) 1 to 50,000 flowering individuals in populations Netherlands Gentiana pneumonanthe genetic variation and outcrossing rate No clear relationship, most small populations consist only of adult survivors from formerly larger populations. Low levels of gene flow between populations. ) termperate rainforest, Chiloe Island, southern Chile woody species dependent of biotic pollinators plant-pollinator network Nested structure of interaction, entire subset of various tree species was most important. ) REVIEW Genetic diversity at population level and population fitness strongly correlated. ) 0.2-12 ha central Spain Quercus ilex seedling recruitment Tree size similar between fragments, recruitment higher in larger stands, ramet regeneration was similar between fragments, mouse consumption of acorns much higher in small stands. ) DISCUSSION molecular variation isolated plant populations
Plant_Guidance_030613.docx