Pelvic masses: Classification: Benign disease: Female internal genitalia: Uterus Pregnancy Myomata Ovaries Solid benign tumors Functional cysts Fallopian tubes ± ovarian involvement Extra-uterine pregnancy Inflammatory masses Endometritis Other pelvic organs: Bladder full bladder – Bowel Faecal impaction Diverticulosis Chronic inflammatory masses Retroperitoneal organs Pelvic kidney Massively enlarged LN’s Psoas muscle abscess Malignant disease: Female internal genitalia Uterus CxCA Endometrial CA Sarcoma Ovaries Ovarian CA Other pelvic organs: Bowel Rectal CA Retroperitoneal organs Sarcomas or soft-tissues Gynaecological US indications: – Bleeding in early pregnancy Suspected ovarian cysts PMB PID IVF Urinary incontinence Suspected congenital abnormalities of uterus/vagina Myomatous uterus: Dx: Hx: Painless OR Doscomfort; backache; heavy-feeling; of bladder/bowel pressure Sx’s Blood loss during menstruation (usually cyclical) ↑ → Dysmoenorrhoea & anaemia Ex: ± Anaemia Distension; lower abdominal pelvic mass (rarely fills abdomen like term pregnancy) Cervix displaced & small Uterus ± enlarged/globular OR single palpable myomata (soild; non-tender; mobile) ± Fill whole pelvis & hollow of sacrum determined on PR →
Pelvic masses: Classification: Benign disease: Female internal genitalia: Uterus Pregnancy Myomata Ovaries Solid benign tumors Functional cysts Fallopian tubes ± ovarian involvement Extra-uterine pregnancy Inflammatory masses Endometritis Other pelvic organs: Bladder – full bladder Bowel Faecal impaction Diverticulosis Chronic inflammatory masses Retroperitoneal organs Pelvic kidney Massively enlarged LN’s Psoas muscle abscess Malignant disease: Female internal genitalia Uterus CxCA Endometrial CA Sarcoma Ovaries Ovarian CA Other pelvic organs: Bowel Rectal CA Retroperitoneal organs Sarcomas or soft-tissues Gynaecological US – indications: Bleeding in early pregnancy Suspected ovarian cysts PMB PID IVF Urinary incontinence Suspected congenital abnormalities of uterus/vagina Myomatous uterus: Dx: Hx: Painless OR Doscomfort; backache; heavy-feeling; pressure Sx’s of bladder/bowel ↑ Blood loss during menstruation (usually cyclical) → Dysmoenorrhoea & anaemia Ex: ± Anaemia Distension; lower abdominal pelvic mass (rarely fills abdomen like term pregnancy) Cervix displaced & small Uterus ± enlarged/globular OR single palpable myomata (soild; non-tender; mobile) ± Fill whole pelvis & hollow of sacrum → determined on PR
gynaecology_summary.docx