Coronary Artery Disease ANGINA PECTORIS chest pain, caused by lack of oxygen to heart muscle, treat – with nitroglycerin to dilate coronary arteries MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MI or heart attack Lack of blood supply to myocardium causes damage Due to blockage of coronary artery or blood clot atherosclerosis plaque – on arterial walls, or arteriosclerosis loss of elasticity and thickening of wall. – Amount of damage depends on size of area deprived of oxygen Symptoms severe chest pain radiating to left shoulder, arm, neck and jaw. – Also nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea. Immediate medical care is critical Rx bedrest, oxygen, medication – Morphine for pain, tPA to dissolve clot Anticoagulant therapy to prevent further clots from forming Angioplasy and by-pass surgery may be necessary Heart Surgery CORONARY BY-PASS usually, a healthy vein from the leg removed and attached – before and after the coronary obstruction, creating an alternate route for blood supply to the myocardium. PACEMAKERS Demand pacemaker fires only when heart rate drops below programmed minimum – CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, used in the presence of cardiac arrest – DEFIBRILLATION electrical shock to bring the heart back to a normal rhythm. – AED automated external defibrillator – Disorders of the Blood Vessels ANEURYSM ballooning of an artery, thinning and weakening – ARTERIOSCLEROSIS arterial walls thicken, lose elasticity –
Coronary Artery Disease ANGINA PECTORIS – chest pain, caused by lack of oxygen to heart muscle, treat with nitroglycerin to dilate coronary arteries MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MI or heart attack Lack of blood supply to myocardium causes damage Due to blockage of coronary artery or blood clot atherosclerosis – plaque on arterial walls, or arteriosclerosis – loss of elasticity and thickening of wall. Amount of damage depends on size of area deprived of oxygen Symptoms – severe chest pain radiating to left shoulder, arm, neck and jaw. Also nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea. Immediate medical care is critical Rx – bedrest, oxygen, medication Morphine for pain, tPA to dissolve clot Anticoagulant therapy to prevent further clots from forming Angioplasy and by-pass surgery may be necessary Heart Surgery CORONARY BY-PASS – usually, a healthy vein from the leg removed and attached before and after the coronary obstruction, creating an alternate route for blood supply to the myocardium. PACEMAKERS Demand pacemaker – fires only when heart rate drops below programmed minimum CPR – cardiopulmonary resuscitation, used in the presence of cardiac arrest DEFIBRILLATION – electrical shock to bring the heart back to a normal rhythm. AED – automated external defibrillator Disorders of the Blood Vessels ANEURYSM – ballooning of an artery, thinning and weakening ARTERIOSCLEROSIS – arterial walls thicken, lose elasticity
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