over the past week is rated on four-point scales, ranging from zero (Did not apply to me at all) to three (Applied to me very much). Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress. alphas for the scales have previously been Cronbach’s reported as .95 .93 and .97 respectively (Henry & Crawford, 2005). Due to the likely multicollinearity between the anxiety, depression and stress subscales in the regression analyses, an aggregate total score representing internalising problems was parents’ used. This method has been used in previous research with parents (e.g. Pennell, Whittingham, Boyd, Sanders, & Colditz, 2012). alpha for the aggregate Cronbach’s score in the current study was α=.92. trait optimism: Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R; Scheier, Parents’ Carver, & Bridges, 1994). trait optimism was measured using the Life Parents’ Orientation Test Revised (Appendix G), a 10-item self-report questionnaire with – items rated on a scale from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree), with three items that are reverse scored. The total score is calculated by adding six of the ten items together. The remaining items are filler questions in the revised version of the scale (Scheier et al., 1994). Scores range from 0-24, with higher scores indicating higher levels of trait optimism. The measure has been widely used in adult populations, including parents of children with health problems (Fotiadou et al., 2008). The measure has previously shown acceptable internal reliability et al., (α=.68, Glaesmer 2012) and a test–retest correlation of .68 over four months (Scheier et al., 1994). A alpha of was found in the current study. Cronbach’s α=.86 Young symptom severity: Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC; person’s Jellinek et al., 1988). The PSC is a 35-item parent-report measure of young peoples’ cognitive, emotional and behavioural symptom severity (Appendix H). Items are
over the past week is rated on four-point scales, ranging from zero (Did not apply to me at all) to three (Applied to me very much). Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress. Cronbach’s alphas for the scales have previously been reported as .95 .93 and .97 respectively (Henry & Crawford, 2005). Due to the likely multicollinearity between the anxiety, depression and stress subscales in the regression analyses, an aggregate total score representing parents’ internalising problems was used. This method has been used in previous research with parents (e.g. Pennell, Whittingham, Boyd, Sanders, & Colditz, 2012). Cronbach’s alpha for the aggregate score in the current study was α=.92. Parents’ trait optimism: Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R; Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994). Parents’ trait optimism was measured using the Life Orientation Test – Revised (Appendix G), a 10-item self-report questionnaire with items rated on a scale from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree), with three items that are reverse scored. The total score is calculated by adding six of the ten items together. The remaining items are filler questions in the revised version of the scale (Scheier et al., 1994). Scores range from 0-24, with higher scores indicating higher levels of trait optimism. The measure has been widely used in adult populations, including parents of children with health problems (Fotiadou et al., 2008). The measure has previously shown acceptable internal reliability (α=.68, Glaesmer et al., 2012) and a test–retest correlation of .68 over four months (Scheier et al., 1994). A Cronbach’s alpha of α=.86 was found in the current study. Young person’s symptom severity: Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC; Jellinek et al., 1988). The PSC is a 35-item parent-report measure of young peoples’ cognitive, emotional and behavioural symptom severity (Appendix H). Items are
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