First Great Awakening Both Second Great Awakening 1730s & 1740s Reaction to declining 1820s to 1850s church membership and a Jonathan Edwards – “Sinners lack of religious zeal Fed growth of voluntary in the Hands of an Angry Empowered people to societies, reform God” cultivate a direct movements, and utopian relationship with God societies George Whitefield SALVATION! People could study the Bible Charles Finney -- Old Lights vs New Lights and learn religion without District” direct instruction from a Gives rise to the separation church leader Evangelical Sects vs of Church and State Emphasized faith over established Protestant reason denominations Undermined religious control Emphasized fear and other of government (especially emotions Reaction especially to local government) Emphasized damnation for Americans’ attention to sinfulness or those without politics over faith faith Much more emotional Based on lessons of the free Put more control over market – individual success religion into the hands of the or failure is in one’s own people hands; Ministers lost some authority Planting seeds of righteous living, self-control democratic thought and and a strong moral compass behavior would lead to salvation Caused new divisions in society Temperance movement? Baptist & Methodist Anti-Catholic? denominations grow Mormonism
First Great Awakening Both Second Great Awakening 1730s & 1740s Jonathan Edwards – “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” George Whitefield Old Lights vs New Lights Gives rise to the separation of Church and State Undermined religious control of government (especially local government) Reaction to declining church membership and a lack of religious zeal Empowered people to cultivate a direct relationship with God SALVATION! People could study the Bible and learn religion without direct instruction from a church leader Emphasized faith over reason Emphasized fear and other emotions Emphasized damnation for sinfulness or those without faith Much more emotional Put more control over religion into the hands of the people Ministers lost some authority Planting seeds of democratic thought and behavior Caused new divisions in society Baptist & Methodist denominations grow 1820s to 1850s Fed growth of voluntary societies, reform movements, and utopian societies Charles Finney -- District” Evangelical Sects vs established Protestant denominations Reaction especially to Americans’ attention to politics over faith Based on lessons of the free market – individual success or failure is in one’s own hands; righteous living, self-control and a strong moral compass would lead to salvation Temperance movement? Anti-Catholic? Mormonism
First__vs_Second_Great_Awakening.docx