protestant and often xenophobic railed against the bankers and corporate – owners “who favored tight money and These polices made for scarce access to financing, where high interest rates.” small producers and farmers favored greater monetary supply to spur investment and debt deflation. The true distinction of comes in its more coherent philosophy and movement populism electoral success populists won numerous local, state, and federal elections from 1890-1908. – Little immediate institutional change resulted, but the stage was set for Progressive Era politics. The third form, maintains an apparent commitment to the same oppositional discourse populism, principles, but performs a complete ideological about-turn. By the mid-20th century, business (and libertarianism, generally) had adopted the of small farmers and union workers to their “discourse own Such is the ideological promiscuity of populism, which, as neo-liberal trn ends.” America’s takes place, lapses into dishonesty. Once a politics, populism becomes an “grassroots” politics the process of disguising corporate interests and issues positons as arising “astroturfing” – from a genuine politics and discourse. The continuity in appearance, especially in the “grassroots” context of the American Dream myth, is at the core of the with middling classes’ identification Trump. Following the Tea Part, and the so-called the Trump campaign employed “Alt-Right”, precisely these age-old populist ideals to appeal to those Americans positioned, “self-consciously in the middle, perched insecurely between social extremes [fearing they – might] fall below.” In response, both strategically and Ideologically, the Clinton campaign followed decades of liberal wisdom. Running to the political center, they courted independents and moderate Republicans who opposed a vulgar, chauvinistic, and than “un-presidential” candidate. Rather contest this faux-populism with support substantive ideals, they ran a campaign their for against opponents. They offered a fair-minded and against that “deplorable” sober “campaign bigotry” emphasized a need for and in an already great America. Empirically, this strategy “love kindness”
protestant and often xenophobic – railed against the bankers and corporate owners “who favored tight money and high interest rates.” These polices made for scarce access to financing, where small producers and farmers favored greater monetary supply to spur investment and debt deflation. The true distinction of movement populism comes in its more coherent philosophy and electoral success – populists won numerous local, state, and federal elections from 1890-1908. Little immediate institutional change resulted, but the stage was set for Progressive Era politics. The third form, oppositional discourse populism, maintains an apparent commitment to the same principles, but performs a complete ideological about-turn. By the mid-20th century, business (and libertarianism, generally) had adopted the “discourse of small farmers and union workers to their own ends.” Such is the ideological promiscuity of populism, which, as America’s neo-liberal trn takes place, lapses into dishonesty. Once a “grassroots” politics, populism becomes an “astroturfing” politics – the process of disguising corporate interests and issues positons as arising from a genuine “grassroots” politics and discourse. The continuity in appearance, especially in the context of the American Dream myth, is at the core of the middling classes’ identification with Trump. Following the Tea Part, and the so-called “Alt-Right”, the Trump campaign employed precisely these age-old populist ideals to appeal to those Americans positioned, “self-consciously in the middle, perched insecurely between social extremes – [fearing they might] fall below.” In response, both strategically and Ideologically, the Clinton campaign followed decades of liberal wisdom. Running to the political center, they courted independents and moderate Republicans who opposed a vulgar, chauvinistic, and “un-presidential” candidate. Rather than contest this faux-populism with support for substantive ideals, they ran a campaign against their “deplorable” opponents. They offered a fair-minded and sober “campaign against bigotry” that emphasized a need for “love and kindness” in an already great America. Empirically, this strategy
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