changing but changing at an unprecedented rate and the evidence considered in this timeline summary suggests that he could be right. Table 3.1: Time line summary of key developments influencing internationalisation in higher education in China Date Context Key influences on References internationalisation in higher education in China 500BCE The influence of Higher learning focused on Hayhoe (1984 1900 ancient China training civil servants in private 2014) Yang – academies shuyuan and civil (2009,2014 2016) service examinations keju were Ryan (2011a) crucial. Marginson (2013) Liu et al.(2015) 1900 Early western Peking University, Fudan Hayhoe (1984 – 1949 influences on university, 2014) higher education. Tianjin University, Jia Tong Brandenburg and University established between Zhu (2007) 1885 and 1905 Wang (2013) 1949 Chinese Soviet model of higher Hayhoe (1984, – 1964 Communist Party education was adopted with a 2014) (CCP) and the highly-centralised system. Ouyang (2004) Russian influence British Council (2012) Wang (2013) 1965 The Cultural Most formal higher education Mio and Cheng – 1978 Revolution suspended. (2010) Wang (2013, 2014) Hayhoe (2014)
changing but changing at an unprecedented rate and the evidence considered in this timeline summary suggests that he could be right. Table 3.1: Time line summary of key developments influencing internationalisation in higher education in China Date Context Key influences on internationalisation in higher education in China References 500BCE – 1900 The influence of ancient China Higher learning focused on training civil servants in private academies shuyuan and civil service examinations keju were crucial. Hayhoe (1984 2014) Yang (2009,2014 2016) Ryan (2011a) Marginson (2013) Liu et al.(2015) 1900 – 1949 Early western influences on higher education. Peking University, Fudan university, Tianjin University, Jia Tong University established between 1885 and 1905 Hayhoe (1984 2014) Brandenburg and Zhu (2007) Wang (2013) 1949 – 1964 Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Russian influence Soviet model of higher education was adopted with a highly-centralised system. Hayhoe (1984, 2014) Ouyang (2004) British Council (2012) Wang (2013) 1965 – 1978 The Cultural Revolution Most formal higher education suspended. Mio and Cheng (2010) Wang (2013, 2014) Hayhoe (2014)
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