three hours per day was highest among black girls. About 55 % of them are physically inactive. They do no spare-time physical activity (NHLBI Health Information Center, 2009). Diabetes: In 2009, 15.4% of black women were diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus and about 6,472 black females die of diabetes mellitus. The overall death rates for diabetes for black women in 2009 were 35.9 (American Heart Association, 2013). Risk Factors of CVD in White Women In 2009, CVD caused the deaths of 343,955 White Women. Smoking: There are 37.8% of White Women who live with hypertension. The prevalence of smoking was higher among White girl students (53.9%). High Blood Cholesterol: about 29.3% of White Women have an LDL cholesterol of 130 mg/dl or higher. Physical Inactivity: The prevalence of physical inactivity was among White girls, (13.7%). About 23.9% of White girls spend more than three hours watching television. Diabetes: about 4.3% of White women have diabetes. In 2009, Physician-diagnosed diabetes for White women is 6.2%, 1.8% of White Women are undiagnosed with diabetes and about 30.0% of White Women have pre-diabetes. In the same year, diabetes caused the deaths of 25,908 White Women. Additional risk factors include menopause, stress and depression (American Heart Association, 2013). Thesis Statement Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major health problem among women globally. Research has shown that there are differences between women and men in the presentation, epidemiology, and outcomes of CVD. Women are more at risk for CVD, but research has targeted only men. Recent studies showed that more women die of CVD than men each year because they do not usually present any symptoms. Genetic, physiological, behavioral and
three hours per day was highest among black girls. About 55 % of them are physically inactive. They do no spare-time physical activity (NHLBI Health Information Center, 2009). Diabetes: In 2009, 15.4% of black women were diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus and about 6,472 black females die of diabetes mellitus. The overall death rates for diabetes for black women in 2009 were 35.9 (American Heart Association, 2013). Risk Factors of CVD in White Women In 2009, CVD caused the deaths of 343,955 White Women. Smoking: There are 37.8% of White Women who live with hypertension. The prevalence of smoking was higher among White girl students (53.9%). High Blood Cholesterol: about 29.3% of White Women have an LDL cholesterol of 130 mg/dl or higher. Physical Inactivity: The prevalence of physical inactivity was among White girls, (13.7%). About 23.9% of White girls spend more than three hours watching television. Diabetes: about 4.3% of White women have diabetes. In 2009, Physician-diagnosed diabetes for White women is 6.2%, 1.8% of White Women are undiagnosed with diabetes and about 30.0% of White Women have pre-diabetes. In the same year, diabetes caused the deaths of 25,908 White Women. Additional risk factors include menopause, stress and depression (American Heart Association, 2013). Thesis Statement Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major health problem among women globally. Research has shown that there are differences between women and men in the presentation, epidemiology, and outcomes of CVD. Women are more at risk for CVD, but research has targeted only men. Recent studies showed that more women die of CVD than men each year because they do not usually present any symptoms. Genetic, physiological, behavioral and
final-paper-598.docx