Hiraki et al Retrospective CS Patients with stage IA-IB NSCLC, inoperable or Intervention: CT-guided RFA Overall survival: time from RFA to death refused surgery (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) (2011) Level IV Local anaesthesia + conscious sedation N = 50 (52 lesions) Cancer-specific survival: time from RFA to Japan Risk of bias: High 52 ablation sessions cancer-related death (calculated with Mean size 21 (7–60) mm 37 (2–88) months Ablation duration 12–15 mins per lesion method) Males 29 (58%): Females 21 (42%) Comparator: N/A Disease-free survival: time from RFA to death Mean age 75 (52–88) years or cancer recurrence (calculated with Prior therapy: resection of extrapulmonary lesions method) (16/50, 32%) Parenchymal recurrence: recurrence in the same lobe but away from ablation zone Regional recurrence: recurrence in hilar and ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node Distant recurrence: all other recurrences Adverse events: CTCAE v 4.0 Lanuti et al Retrospective CS Patients with stage IA-IB NSCLC, inoperable or Intervention: RFA (guidance NR) Overall survival: not defined (calculated with refused surgery, lesion diameter < 50 mm, no Kaplan-Meier method) (2012) Level IV Local anaesthesia + conscious sedation disease outside involved lobe Disease-free survival: not defined (calculated USA Risk of bias: High 55 ablation sessions N = 45 (55 lesions) with Kaplan-Meier method) 32 (2–75) months Ablation duration NR Mean size 20 (7–45) mm Local control: no focal or diffuse enlargement of Comparator: N/A the ablated lesion on CT and no evidence of Males 18 (40%): Females 27 (60%) eccentric enhancement on PET at 3 or more Median age 70 (51–89) years months of follow-up. Prior therapy: resection of NSCLC (26/45, 58%) Adverse events: not defined
Hiraki et al (2011) Japan Retrospective CS Level IV Risk of bias: High 37 (2–88) months Patients with stage IA-IB NSCLC, inoperable or refused surgery N = 50 (52 lesions) Mean size 21 (7–60) mm Males 29 (58%): Females 21 (42%) Mean age 75 (52–88) years Prior therapy: resection of extrapulmonary lesions (16/50, 32%) Intervention: CT-guided RFA Local anaesthesia + conscious sedation 52 ablation sessions Ablation duration 12–15 mins per lesion Comparator: N/A Overall survival: time from RFA to death (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) Cancer-specific survival: time from RFA to cancer-related death (calculated with method) Disease-free survival: time from RFA to death or cancer recurrence (calculated with method) Parenchymal recurrence: recurrence in the same lobe but away from ablation zone Regional recurrence: recurrence in hilar and ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node Distant recurrence: all other recurrences Adverse events: CTCAE v 4.0 Lanuti et al (2012) USA Retrospective CS Level IV Risk of bias: High 32 (2–75) months Patients with stage IA-IB NSCLC, inoperable or refused surgery, lesion diameter < 50 mm, no disease outside involved lobe N = 45 (55 lesions) Mean size 20 (7–45) mm Males 18 (40%): Females 27 (60%) Median age 70 (51–89) years Prior therapy: resection of NSCLC (26/45, 58%) Intervention: RFA (guidance NR) Local anaesthesia + conscious sedation 55 ablation sessions Ablation duration NR Comparator: N/A Overall survival: not defined (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) Disease-free survival: not defined (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) Local control: no focal or diffuse enlargement of the ablated lesion on CT and no evidence of eccentric enhancement on PET at 3 or more months of follow-up. Adverse events: not defined
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