Used with Used with Used in Cause/Effect Relationships Items that have Similarities Expository or Informational and/or Differences writing to explain a Problem that an effect and its cause or causes has been solved. The writing how causes are linked to effects two topics: people/characters, events that produce a product or an places, things, ideas/concepts, time clarifies the Actions/ Solutions effect periods/events, sequences/ taken to resolve the problem sequential chain of causes and/or processes/operations Problem: desire or need that has the points that are being compared interaction of various factors as been addressed is presented the ways two things are similar well as multiple effects explanation is given to clarify why the ways two things are different relationships that may be explicitly the problem existed or why comparison may be explicit or stated or implied through making accomplishing a particular thing implied connections among ideas and events was worthy, why there was a need actions to accomplish the desired outcome are enumerated and described Solution: description of end result, which demonstrates that the problem has been resolved or a course of action has been put in place that will eventually resolve it Used in Persuasive writing when the author of the selection has a perspective he/she wants to convince another person or group(the reader) to accept Problem: the author's perspective is presented explanation is given to clarify why the author wants something to happen, why it is a worthy proposition, why there is a need Solution: actions to accomplish the desired outcome are enumerated and described Uses Signal Words Uses Signal Words Uses Signal Words accordingly is caused by Similarities Differences as a result may be due to a/the problem a/the solution also although because nevertheless a need another is as but consequently since the question is as well as difference as a result one reason for due to so both differently consequently one reason that compared different from effects of so that if ... then a second/another with/to even though one answer is for this reason then reason in common however one thing to do hence therefore in the same in contrast should do is caused by this led to/this way on the other hand leads to if…then like otherwise thus likewise still same as unlike similar to yet similarly while less than more than Teaching with After-Reading Graphic Organizers Patterns of Organization/Text Structures
Used with Cause/Effect Relationships an effect and its cause or causes how causes are linked to effects events that produce a product or an effect sequential chain of causes and/or interaction of various factors as well as multiple effects relationships that may be explicitly stated or implied through making connections among ideas and events Used with Items that have Similarities and/or Differences two topics: people/characters, places, things, ideas/concepts, time periods/events, sequences/ processes/operations the points that are being compared the ways two things are similar the ways two things are different comparison may be explicit or implied Used in Expository or Informational writing to explain a Problem that has been solved. The writing clarifies the Actions/ Solutions taken to resolve the problem Problem: desire or need that has been addressed is presented explanation is given to clarify why the problem existed or why accomplishing a particular thing was worthy, why there was a need actions to accomplish the desired outcome are enumerated and described Solution: description of end result, which demonstrates that the problem has been resolved or a course of action has been put in place that will eventually resolve it Used in Persuasive writing when the author of the selection has a perspective he/she wants to convince another person or group(the reader) to accept Problem: the author's perspective is presented explanation is given to clarify why the author wants something to happen, why it is a worthy proposition, why there is a need Solution: actions to accomplish the desired outcome are enumerated and described Uses Signal Words Uses Signal Words Uses Signal Words accordingly as a result because consequently due to effects of for this reason hence is caused by if…then is caused by may be due to nevertheless since so so that then therefore this led to/this leads to thus Similarities also as as well as both compared with/to in common in the same way like likewise same as similar to similarly Differences although but difference differently different from even though however in contrast on the other hand otherwise still unlike yet while less than more than a/the problem a need the question is one reason for one reason that a second/another reason a/the solution another is as a result consequently if ... then one answer is one thing to do should do Teaching with After-Reading Graphic Organizers Patterns of Organization/Text Structures
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