i.e., vicious circle, reinforcing assumptions about each “self-sealing processes”, other. Whereas Model II enables free choice informed by evidence. Model I: AIMS BEHAVIOUR IMPACT (Governing Values) (Action Strategies) (Consequences) Control the purpose of Asserting your own Miscommunication the meeting or encounter position in order to be in Mistrust control and win Maximise winning and Protectiveness minimise losing for Promoting face-saving - Self-fulfilling prophecies yourself your own and others Self-sealing processes Minimise upsetting Taking your own yourself and others reasoning for granted Escalating error Maximise rationality Asking leading questions Avoiding enquiry into others’ views Model II: AIMS BEHAVIOUR IMPACT (Governing Values) (Action Strategies) (Consequences) Valid (confirmable) Advocating your position Reduction of self-fulfilling, information and subjecting it to self-sealing, inquiry and public testing processes Minimising unilateral Free and informed choice face-saving Effective problem solving Enquiring into others’ Internal commitment to views the choice You could also add: dialogue, advocacy and inquiry and bringing the left-hand into the column (ref: Argyris) Social Virtues The following are needed to help us manage effectively but they “social virtues” – show up differently under Model I and Model II. Model I Model II Help and Support Give approval and praise to Increase the other's capacity others. Tell others what you to confront their own ideas, to
“self-sealing processes”, i.e., vicious circle, reinforcing assumptions about each other. Whereas Model II enables free choice informed by evidence. Model I: AIMS (Governing Values) BEHAVIOUR (Action Strategies) IMPACT (Consequences) Control the purpose of the meeting or encounter Maximise winning and minimise losing for yourself Minimise upsetting yourself and others Maximise rationality Asserting your own position in order to be in control and win Promoting face-saving - your own and others Taking your own reasoning for granted Asking leading questions Avoiding enquiry into others’ views Miscommunication Mistrust Protectiveness Self-fulfilling prophecies Self-sealing processes Escalating error Model II: AIMS (Governing Values) BEHAVIOUR (Action Strategies) IMPACT (Consequences) Valid (confirmable) information Free and informed choice Internal commitment to the choice Advocating your position and subjecting it to inquiry and public testing Minimising unilateral face-saving Enquiring into others’ views You could also add: dialogue, advocacy and inquiry and bringing the left-hand into the column (ref: Argyris) Reduction of self-fulfilling, self-sealing, processes Effective problem solving Social Virtues The following “social virtues” are needed to help us manage effectively – but they show up differently under Model I and Model II. Model I Model II Help and Support Give approval and praise to others. Tell others what you Increase the other's capacity to confront their own ideas, to
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