Minimising risk. Warming up/cooling Checking equipment Protective equipment and clothing Footwear down and facilities Warming muscles Organisers, officials Football – boots, shin pads. Helps gradually helps to and participants are performance- Hockey – shin pads, mouth guard, prevent injury. responsible. footballers have goalkeeper pads. studs to provide A cool down Generally due to the Cricket - batsman helmet. more grip disperses lactic acid. environment – Sailing-lifejacket, warm Does not prevent waterlogged pitch, icy Provides support designed wet suits. injury but prevents court, insufficient to bones muscles Rising – hat. soreness and aches. lighting. and joints Jewellery should be removed/taped so Provides as to prevent injuries to self and others. comfort. Balanced competition: To create a balanced and fair competition, following factors should be considered. Weight categories Mixed/single sex Age Handicap system Equalises In most sports men play again Competitions usually set by Balances competition. men and women play against age. competition. Safety purposes. women. Talented performers sometimes Used in golf. For safety – especially in play out of age group. Boxing match Ensures players contact sports-rugby and competitors by their Overuse injuries are frequent in play with players hockey. weight to protect young athletes. of equal/similar them. For fair competition – Age categorising does not ability. Weightlifting – athletics and swimming. guarantee competitors will be Karate and judo weight divisions. Racket sports – tennis, table of equal height and weight. have clear skill tennis and badminton mixed levels and players In other age categories, often doubles competitions. Allows take part in have senior and veteran clear opportunity for men and competitions competitions. Generally for women to compete fairly in according to their safety reasons. open competition. ability.
Minimising risk. Warming up/cooling down Checking equipment and facilities Protective equipment and clothing Footwear Warming muscles gradually helps to prevent injury. A cool down disperses lactic acid. Does not prevent injury but prevents soreness and aches. Organisers, officials and participants are responsible. Generally due to the environment – waterlogged pitch, icy court, insufficient lighting. Football – boots, shin pads. Hockey – shin pads, mouth guard, goalkeeper pads. Cricket - batsman helmet. Sailing-lifejacket, warm designed wet suits. Rising – hat. Jewellery should be removed/taped so as to prevent injuries to self and others. Helps performance- footballers have studs to provide more grip Provides support to bones muscles and joints Provides comfort. Balanced competition: To create a balanced and fair competition, following factors should be considered. Weight categories Mixed/single sex Age Handicap system Equalises competition. Safety purposes. Boxing match competitors by their weight to protect them. Weightlifting – weight divisions. In most sports men play again men and women play against women. For safety – especially in contact sports-rugby and hockey. For fair competition – athletics and swimming. Racket sports – tennis, table tennis and badminton mixed doubles competitions. Allows clear opportunity for men and women to compete fairly in open competition. Competitions usually set by age. Talented performers sometimes play out of age group. Overuse injuries are frequent in young athletes. Age categorising does not guarantee competitors will be of equal height and weight. In other age categories, often have senior and veteran competitions. Generally for safety reasons. Balances competition. Used in golf. Ensures players play with players of equal/similar ability. Karate and judo have clear skill levels and players take part in competitions according to their ability.
gcse_revision_booklet_final.docx