Sample of showed wage differentials does do an excellent job of 1990 census between the for-profit and breaking down the workers by non-profit industries. The race, occupation, and industry. areas which had the most concentrated differentials were in the managerial and professional industries. Negative differentials in legal services, broadcasting, publishing, entertainment, elementary and secondary schools, job training firms, vocational training firms, and research facilities could be Breaks it down by industry, explained by the donative sector, and whole economy. Yet, Five Percent labor hypothesis. While the does not have any sort of proxy Public Use paper rejects an economy to measure some of the intrinsic Microdata wide donatives labor utility gained from employment Laura Leete Sample of explanation for all (i.e. benefits, working (2001) 1990 census environment, etc.) 1994-1998 Disproves the dontative labor Current hypothesis, postulating that Population the lower non-profit wages This paper does an excellent job Survey are due to most of these at showing not only industry Outgoing firms situated in low paying break-downs over time but also Rotation industries. Further the tracking worker movement J. Ruhm Groups. transition from non-profit to between industries. What is & Carey Specifically for profit and vise-versa lacking is any sort of inclusion of Borkoski 25-55 year there are very little changes intrinsic and hard to observe (2003) olds. to earnings. factors of the job. The Quarterly Census of Non-profit wages were Lester M. Employment generally lower. Although, in The authors do not make any Salamon & and Wages industries where non-profits mention of comparing S. Wojeiech Program compete with for human capital attributes of the Sokolowski 1995-2003 industries, the wages in workers, nor the jobs in this (2005) data are larger. study. Statistical Tried to filter out unobservable Haruko Survey on Non-profit wage premium in qualities of each job via Noguchi & Nursing Japan’s long-term care Heckman's two-stage approach. Satoshi Home market. Certain factors such Included things like benefits and Shimizutani Employee as worker’s age contribute to whether the individuals received (2005) 2000 data. said premium. healthcare. American Found that employees are This data incorporates all of the Matthias National more satisfied with their possible standard capital Benz (2005) Longitudinal work, and that working for a explanations for wage
Sample of 1990 census showed wage differentials between the for-profit and non-profit industries. The areas which had the most concentrated differentials were in the managerial and professional industries. does do an excellent job of breaking down the workers by race, occupation, and industry. Laura Leete (2001) Five Percent Public Use Microdata Sample of 1990 census Negative differentials in legal services, broadcasting, publishing, entertainment, elementary and secondary schools, job training firms, vocational training firms, and research facilities could be explained by the donative labor hypothesis. While the paper rejects an economy wide donatives labor explanation for all Breaks it down by industry, sector, and whole economy. Yet, does not have any sort of proxy to measure some of the intrinsic utility gained from employment (i.e. benefits, working environment, etc.) J. Ruhm & Carey Borkoski (2003) 1994-1998 Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Groups. Specifically 25-55 year olds. Disproves the dontative labor hypothesis, postulating that the lower non-profit wages are due to most of these firms situated in low paying industries. Further the transition from non-profit to for profit and vise-versa there are very little changes to earnings. This paper does an excellent job at showing not only industry break-downs over time but also tracking worker movement between industries. What is lacking is any sort of inclusion of intrinsic and hard to observe factors of the job. Lester M. Salamon & S. Wojeiech Sokolowski (2005) The Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages Program 1995-2003 data Non-profit wages were generally lower. Although, in industries where non-profits compete with for industries, the wages in are larger. The authors do not make any mention of comparing capital attributes of the workers, nor the jobs in this study. Haruko Noguchi & Satoshi Shimizutani (2005) Statistical Survey on Nursing Home Employee 2000 data. Non-profit wage premium in Japan’s long-term care market. Certain factors such as worker’s age contribute to said premium. Tried to filter out unobservable qualities of each job via Heckman's two-stage approach. Included things like benefits and whether the individuals received healthcare. Matthias Benz (2005) American National Longitudinal Found that employees are more satisfied with their work, and that working for a This data incorporates all of the possible standard human capital explanations for wage
1359_FreidmanWhattheDifferenceWageDifferentialsandtheDonativeLaborHypothesisinNonProfitFirms.docx