including carcinogenicity. Nitro compounds, chlorates and Main likely chemical contaminants perchlorates. The production and use of all explosive materials are subject to regulation in Australia. Sources are primarily chemical manufacturing, metal product manufacturing, water supply drainage Where does it Main sources & sewerage and oil and gas extraction. Also, soap and detergent come from? manufacture and manufacturing (as in potato crisps and ‘crisp’ related snack foods) are sources which arises in small amounts annually. How is it Wastes are mostly contained within the industries themselves and Main fates destroyed under controlled conditions. managed? Volume score <1% 1 5% 5 10% 10 20% 20% – – – ≥ (% of national tonnes in 2013) 0.03% How much is generated in TOTAL: 2,441 ACT: 0 NSW: 10 Australia? Waste arising in NT: 0 Qld: 2,329 SA: 3 2013 (tonnes) Tas: 0 Vic: 81 WA: 18 Since it used in the paper industry, sodium chlorate is taken as an Overview example (see MSDS reference 3, below). – Extreme: Sodium chlorate is an irritant to the skin and to mucous membranes (eyes, throat and nose) if dust is inhaled. Humans appear to be more susceptible than animals to acute effects of ingestion of sodium chlorate with doses of 100 grams or more invariably fatal. Acute toxicity If ingested, sodium chlorate affects the oxygen-carrying capacity of Potential health the blood and can cause dizziness and damage to internal organs. impacts The risk of explosion presents an immediate and significant health risk. Low: Chronic effects may result from repeated exposure to these wastes. For example perchlorates can potentially inhibit iodide Chronic toxicity uptake by the thyroid and result in a decrease in thyroid hormone. Carcinogenicity Sodium chlorate is not carcinogenic. Reproductive Low: The effects of sodium chlorate on blood can result in toxicity reproductive effects. Workplace Protection against dust is essential, particularly because of this explosivity, category’s health & safety although these chemicals are usually handled in solution. impacts
including carcinogenicity. Main likely chemical contaminants Nitro compounds, chlorates and perchlorates. Where does it come from? Main sources The production and use of all explosive materials are subject to regulation in Australia. Sources are primarily chemical manufacturing, metal product manufacturing, water supply drainage & sewerage and oil and gas extraction. Also, soap and detergent manufacture and ‘crisp’ manufacturing (as in potato crisps and related snack foods) are sources which arises in small amounts annually. How is it managed? Main fates Wastes are mostly contained within the industries themselves and destroyed under controlled conditions. How much is generated in Australia? Volume score (% of national tonnes in 2013) <1% 1 – 5% 5 – 10% 10 – 20% ≥ 20% 0.03% Waste arising in 2013 (tonnes) TOTAL: 2,441 ACT: 0 NSW: 10 NT: 0 Qld: 2,329 SA: 3 Tas: 0 Vic: 81 WA: 18 Potential health impacts Overview Since it used in the paper industry, sodium chlorate is taken as an example (see MSDS – reference 3, below). Acute toxicity Extreme: Sodium chlorate is an irritant to the skin and to mucous membranes (eyes, throat and nose) if dust is inhaled. Humans appear to be more susceptible than animals to acute effects of ingestion of sodium chlorate with doses of 100 grams or more invariably fatal. If ingested, sodium chlorate affects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and can cause dizziness and damage to internal organs. The risk of explosion presents an immediate and significant health risk. Chronic toxicity Low: Chronic effects may result from repeated exposure to these wastes. For example perchlorates can potentially inhibit iodide uptake by the thyroid and result in a decrease in thyroid hormone. Carcinogenicity Sodium chlorate is not carcinogenic. Reproductive toxicity Low: The effects of sodium chlorate on blood can result in reproductive effects. Workplace health & safety impacts Protection against dust is essential, particularly because of this category’s explosivity, although these chemicals are usually handled in solution.
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