Liu et al Retrospective CS Patients with stage IA–IB NSCLC, inoperable or Intervention: CT-guided RFA Overall survival: time from RFA to death refused surgery, ECOG status ≤ 2 (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) (2015) Level IV Local anaesthesia + conscious sedation N = 29 (29 lesions) Cancer-specific survival: not defined China Risk of bias: High 33 ablation sessions (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) Mean size 31 (15–48) mm 19 (2–75) months Mean procedure duration 39 (15–120) mins [mean Local progression: Focal enhancement of soft Males 18 (58%): Females 11 (42%) ablation duration 22 (12–32) mins] tissue compared with initial CT Median age 78 (56–85) years Comparator: N/A Adverse events: puncture-related and Prior therapy: NR complications, minor complications, major complications Ridge et al Retrospective CS Patients with stage IA-IIA NSCLC, no prior in-field Intervention: CT-guided RFA Overall survival: time from RFA to death or last RT or resection, no chemo 12 months prior follow-up (Kaplan-Meier) (2014) Level IV General anaesthesia N = 29 (29 lesions) Progression-free survival: time from RFA to USA Risk of bias: High Number of sessions NR disease progression or death (Kaplan-Meier) Median size 14 (10–26) mm 30 (12–85) months Ablation/procedure time NR Local control: decrease in tumour diameter of Males 12 (41%): Females 17 (59%) Comparator: N/A at least 30%, no evidence of peripheral tumour Mean age 73 (55–86) years growth, loss of lesional FDG avidity on PET/CT Prior therapy: resection ± radiotherapy for Local progression: interval increase in size or pulmonary lesions (14/29, 48%) FDG uptake within the ablation lesion Intrapulmonary recurrence: new lesion within treated lobe or adjacent pleura with increasing FDG uptake or increase size on follow-up Distant recurrence: new metastasis at extralobar or extrathoracic site Adverse events: CTCAE
Liu et al (2015) China Retrospective CS Level IV Risk of bias: High 19 (2–75) months Patients with stage IA–IB NSCLC, inoperable or refused surgery, ECOG status ≤ 2 N = 29 (29 lesions) Mean size 31 (15–48) mm Males 18 (58%): Females 11 (42%) Median age 78 (56–85) years Prior therapy: NR Intervention: CT-guided RFA Local anaesthesia + conscious sedation 33 ablation sessions Mean procedure duration 39 (15–120) mins [mean ablation duration 22 (12–32) mins] Comparator: N/A Overall survival: time from RFA to death (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) Cancer-specific survival: not defined (calculated with Kaplan-Meier method) Local progression: Focal enhancement of soft tissue compared with initial CT Adverse events: puncture-related and complications, minor complications, major complications Ridge et al (2014) USA Retrospective CS Level IV Risk of bias: High 30 (12–85) months Patients with stage IA-IIA NSCLC, no prior in-field RT or resection, no chemo 12 months prior N = 29 (29 lesions) Median size 14 (10–26) mm Males 12 (41%): Females 17 (59%) Mean age 73 (55–86) years Prior therapy: resection ± radiotherapy for pulmonary lesions (14/29, 48%) Intervention: CT-guided RFA General anaesthesia Number of sessions NR Ablation/procedure time NR Comparator: N/A Overall survival: time from RFA to death or last follow-up (Kaplan-Meier) Progression-free survival: time from RFA to disease progression or death (Kaplan-Meier) Local control: decrease in tumour diameter of at least 30%, no evidence of peripheral tumour growth, loss of lesional FDG avidity on PET/CT Local progression: interval increase in size or FDG uptake within the ablation lesion Intrapulmonary recurrence: new lesion within treated lobe or adjacent pleura with increasing FDG uptake or increase size on follow-up Distant recurrence: new metastasis at extralobar or extrathoracic site Adverse events: CTCAE
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