An second law to create lift is the third law of Newton (1.1.4). To make good use out of these laws, there are good shaped airfoils (1.1.5) needed. With all the lift that's created there is a lift equation (1.1.6). When finally airborn an aircraft can move in three dimensions, over the three axes of an aircraft (1.1.7). 1.1.1 Forces while flying On an aircraft there are four forces created (figure 1.1). These forces are as follow: thrust (1), drag (2), weight (3) and lift (4). Thrust is the force that makes the airplane move forward. The forward force is created by an engine and is critical to create lift. Drag is the opposite of thrust. Drag is the force that slows the plane down. Drag is the resistance created by the wind pushing against the wings and body of the plane. Weight is the force that's created by gravity pulling the aircraft down. Lift is the most important force of flying. Lift is the opposite force of "weight". The aircraft can fly when the Lift is bigger than the weight. The law of continuity, the law of Bernoulli and the third law of Newton are needed to create lift. Figure 1.1, forces created on an aircraft 1.1.2 Law of continuity The law of continuity declares that air that flows per second into a tube must be equal as the air that flows per second out of the tube (figure 1.1) (formula 1.1). This law is only valid when the current is stationary. A stationary current means that current lines do not cross each other. In surface A1 (1), air flows with speed v1 (2) and pressure p1 into the tube. In surface A2 (3), air flows with speed v2 (4) and pressure p2 out of the tube. This leads to the form of the continuity equation. If the density is considered equal, than the continuity equation changes (formula 1.2). Figure 1.2, law of continuity in a tube Formula 1.1, continuity equation Formula 1.2, changed continuity equation
An second law to create lift is the third law of Newton (1.1.4). To make good use out of these laws, there are good shaped airfoils (1.1.5) needed. With all the lift that's created there is a lift equation (1.1.6). When finally airborn an aircraft can move in three dimensions, over the three axes of an aircraft (1.1.7). 1.1.1 Forces while flying On an aircraft there are four forces created (figure 1.1). These forces are as follow: thrust (1), drag (2), weight (3) and lift (4). Thrust is the force that makes the airplane move forward. The forward force is created by an engine and is critical to create lift. Drag is the opposite of thrust. Drag is the force that slows the plane down. Drag is the resistance created by the wind pushing against the wings and body of the plane. Weight is the force that's created by gravity pulling the aircraft down. Lift is the most important force of flying. Lift is the opposite force of "weight". The aircraft can fly when the Lift is bigger than the weight. The law of continuity, the law of Bernoulli and the third law of Newton are needed to create lift. Figure 1.1, forces created on an aircraft 1.1.2 Law of continuity The law of continuity declares that air that flows per second into a tube must be equal as the air that flows per second out of the tube (figure 1.1) (formula 1.1). This law is only valid when the current is stationary. A stationary current means that current lines do not cross each other. In surface A1 (1), air flows with speed v1 (2) and pressure p1 into the tube. In surface A2 (3), air flows with speed v2 (4) and pressure p2 out of the tube. This leads to the form of the continuity equation. If the density is considered equal, than the continuity equation changes (formula 1.2). Figure 1.2, law of continuity in a tube Formula 1.1, continuity equation Formula 1.2, changed continuity equation
flight_controls.docx