parentheses number in sentence (#). OR, if (year) OR, if no parentheses (#). no signal phrase is signal phrase is If no signal used, include the used, include the phrase is used, author’s last name at author’s last include the the end of the name at the end author’s last name paraphrase or of the paraphrase at the end of the summary followed by or summary paraphrase or a comma, the year, a followed by a summary comma, and the page comma and the followed by the number (name, year, year (name, page number #). No quotation year). No (name #). No marks are needed. quotation marks quotation marks or page numbers or dates are are needed. needed. As Rosenfeld As Rosenfeld As Rosenfeld (2008) #1 (2008) states, (2008) states, states, teachers have teachers have to teachers have to to both understand both understand both understand and be comfortable and be and be with technology comfortable with comfortable with before they will be technology technology before able to take before they will they will be able technology into their be able to take to take technology classrooms (159). technology into into their their classrooms. classrooms (159). Teachers have to Teachers have to Teachers have to #2 both understand both understand both understand and and be and be be comfortable with comfortable with comfortable with technology before technology technology before they will be able to before they will they will be able take technology into be able to take to take technology their classrooms technology into into their (Rosenfeld, 2008, their classrooms classrooms 159). (Rosenfeld, (Rosenfeld 159). 2008).
parentheses (year) OR, if no signal phrase is used, include the author’s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by a comma and the year (name, year). No quotation marks or page numbers are needed. number in parentheses (#). If no signal phrase is used, include the author’s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by the page number (name #). No quotation marks or dates are needed. sentence (#). OR, if no signal phrase is used, include the author’s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by a comma, the year, a comma, and the page number (name, year, #). No quotation marks are needed. #1 As Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms. As Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (159). As Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (159). #2 Teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld, 2008). Teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld 159). Teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld, 2008, 159).
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