27c. Explain how genes influence a person’s characteristics (represented by the fatter gray arrows). A complete answer will include the words alleles and protein. 27d. Summarize the answers to questions 27a-27c in a sentence that explains why parents and their children generally have similar characteristics. 28. Explain why two siblings who have the same biological mother and father can have different characteristics. Can you have a genetic condition that was not inherited? Sometimes, mistakes occur in the biological processes that result in inheritance. For example, a mistake in meiosis can cause an egg to have two copies of chromosome 21. 29. Fill in the blanks to show normal meiosis in the father and the results of fertilization. The extra copy of chromosome 21 in each of the cells causes abnormalities in development. child’s These usually include some reduction in intelligence, as well as some differences in appearance. The child has This genetic condition was not Down syndrome. inherited, but instead was caused by a mistake in meiosis. Achondroplasia is a type of dwarfism with very short legs and arms. Achondroplasia is caused by the D allele of a gene that provides the instructions to make a protein that regulates bone growth. Genotype Protein Phenotype (characteristics) Normal regulator protein that stops dd bone growth after a person has reached Person has normal height and mortality risk. adult height Person is very short and has somewhat Both normal regulator protein and Dd elevated mortality risk; person has overactive regulator protein achondroplasia. Overactive regulator protein that Abnormalities are so severe that fetus dies DD excessively inhibits bone growth before birth or baby dies shortly after birth. 30. Based on the above information, explain how the Dd genotype results in dwarfism. 31a. A child has achondroplasia. His genotype is DD ___ Dd ___ dd ___. 31b. Neither of the child’s parents has achondroplasia. Both parents have the genotype, DD ___ Dd ___ dd ___. 31c. Did this child inherit a D allele from either of his parents? yes ___ no ___
27c. Explain how genes influence a person’s characteristics (represented by the fatter gray arrows). A complete answer will include the words alleles and protein. 27d. Summarize the answers to questions 27a-27c in a sentence that explains why parents and their children generally have similar characteristics. 28. Explain why two siblings who have the same biological mother and father can have different characteristics. Can you have a genetic condition that was not inherited? Sometimes, mistakes occur in the biological processes that result in inheritance. For example, a mistake in meiosis can cause an egg to have two copies of chromosome 21. 29. Fill in the blanks to show normal meiosis in the father and the results of fertilization. The extra copy of chromosome 21 in each of the child’s cells causes abnormalities in development. These usually include some reduction in intelligence, as well as some differences in appearance. The child has Down syndrome. This genetic condition was not inherited, but instead was caused by a mistake in meiosis. Achondroplasia is a type of dwarfism with very short legs and arms. Achondroplasia is caused by the D allele of a gene that provides the instructions to make a protein that regulates bone growth. Genotype Protein Phenotype (characteristics) dd Normal regulator protein that stops bone growth after a person has reached adult height Person has normal height and mortality risk. Dd Both normal regulator protein and overactive regulator protein Person is very short and has somewhat elevated mortality risk; person has achondroplasia. DD Overactive regulator protein that excessively inhibits bone growth Abnormalities are so severe that fetus dies before birth or baby dies shortly after birth. 30. Based on the above information, explain how the Dd genotype results in dwarfism. 31a. A child has achondroplasia. His genotype is DD ___ Dd ___ dd ___. 31b. Neither of the child’s parents has achondroplasia. Both parents have the genotype, DD ___ Dd ___ dd ___. 31c. Did this child inherit a D allele from either of his parents? yes ___ no ___
GeneticsProtocol.docx