Hamady 2004 Retrospective review of all All patients with an Initial diagnosis EEO provided by an expert Initial Reason for referral patients referred to endocrine initial diagnosis of pathologist at the Institute of diagnosis Nature of disagreement multidisciplinary meetings at a thyroid cancer Pathology at Leeds Teaching Effect on therapy and prognosis teaching hospital for further Hospitals, and was confirmed by N=66 cases (n=49 for management of thyroid a second expert pathologist if routine review of malignancy or for expert thyroid diagnosis was discrepant from referred cases, n=17 surgical pathology opinion from initial diagnosis. EEO requested sent for EEO) Jan 2001 to March 2003. by general pathologists from district hospitals. United Kingdom Herawi 2005 Prospective study of all All prostate needle Initial diagnosis of EEO provided by an expert Initial Incidence of benign lesions prostate needle biopsies sent biopsy cases where suspected pathologist at Johns Hopkins diagnosis of causing diagnostic difficulty for expert consultation over a diagnosis was changed malignancy School of Medicine. EEO suspected IHC results month period in 2004. Only from malignant to requested by pathologists from malignancy included cases referred for benign. 183 centres in 35 states in the suspected malignancy, where a US. N=345 cases (567 review of the entire case lesions of concern) diagnosed the case to be benign. United States Kronz 2003 Prospective study of all Prostate needle biopsy Initial diagnosis EEO at John Hopkins Hospital. Initial Outside preliminary diagnosis prostate needle biopsy cases All cases were previewed by diagnosis N=3251 cases Expert review diagnosis referred to a urological uropathology fellows or Number of missed lesions pathology consult service over anatomic pathology residents (including details of cases with a 10-month period in and then reviewed for final missed lesions such as age and diagnosis by the faculty expert in type of outside institution) urological pathology. United States Type of missed lesion Whether the missed lesion(s) were on the slide(s) of concern
Hamady 2004 Retrospective review of all patients referred to endocrine multidisciplinary meetings at a teaching hospital for further management of thyroid malignancy or for expert thyroid surgical pathology opinion from Jan 2001 to March 2003. United Kingdom All patients with an initial diagnosis of thyroid cancer N=66 cases (n=49 for routine review of referred cases, n=17 sent for EEO) Initial diagnosis EEO provided by an expert pathologist at the Institute of Pathology at Leeds Teaching Hospitals, and was confirmed by a second expert pathologist if diagnosis was discrepant from initial diagnosis. EEO requested by general pathologists from district hospitals. Initial diagnosis Reason for referral Nature of disagreement Effect on therapy and prognosis Herawi 2005 Prospective study of all prostate needle biopsies sent for expert consultation over a period in 2004. Only included cases referred for suspected malignancy, where a review of the entire case diagnosed the case to be benign. United States All prostate needle biopsy cases where diagnosis was changed from malignant to benign. N=345 cases (567 lesions of concern) Initial diagnosis of suspected malignancy EEO provided by an expert pathologist at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. EEO requested by pathologists from 183 centres in 35 states in the US. Initial diagnosis of suspected malignancy Incidence of benign lesions causing diagnostic difficulty IHC results Kronz 2003 Prospective study of all prostate needle biopsy cases referred to a urological pathology consult service over a 10-month period in United States Prostate needle biopsy N=3251 cases Initial diagnosis EEO at John Hopkins Hospital. All cases were previewed by uropathology fellows or anatomic pathology residents and then reviewed for final diagnosis by the faculty expert in urological pathology. Initial diagnosis Outside preliminary diagnosis Expert review diagnosis Number of missed lesions (including details of cases with missed lesions such as age and type of outside institution) Type of missed lesion Whether the missed lesion(s) were on the slide(s) of concern month
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