Glycocalyx discussed already – Pili and/or Fimbriae hair like proteinaceous projections used as attachment structures fimbriae Slender tubes (3 10 nm in diameter) composed of helically arranged protein subunits – function in attachment and twitching movement more numerous than pili pili generally longer and thicker than fimbriae but fewer in number attachment between mating bacterial cells consist of phosphate-carbohydrate-protein (single type of pilin) F pilus - important structure involved in bacterial mating (conjugation) which is carried exclusively by the donor cell I. Inclusion bodies of Prokaryotes Storage of energy or structural compounds Often form in response to excess or imbalance in nutrients that are available Usually bounded by a thin non-unit membrane examples phosphate polyphosphate metachromacit granules – – sulfur glycogen or starch poly--hydroxyalkanoates (e.g., poly--hydroxybutyric acid - PHB) are common carbon reserves produced by Bacteria and Archaea e.g., B. thuringienisis YPD mediium very rich medium PHB – – NA medium spore formation – J. Spores Functions reproduction • dispersal - fungi and some actinomycetes produces spores that are readily dispersed • survival under adverse conditions •
Glycocalyx – discussed already Pili and/or Fimbriae hair like proteinaceous projections used as attachment structures fimbriae Slender tubes (3 – 10 nm in diameter) composed of helically arranged protein subunits function in attachment and twitching movement more numerous than pili pili generally longer and thicker than fimbriae but fewer in number attachment between mating bacterial cells consist of phosphate-carbohydrate-protein (single type of pilin) F pilus - important structure involved in bacterial mating (conjugation) which is carried exclusively by the donor cell I. Inclusion bodies of Prokaryotes Storage of energy or structural compounds Often form in response to excess or imbalance in nutrients that are available Usually bounded by a thin non-unit membrane examples phosphate – polyphosphate – metachromacit granules sulfur glycogen or starch poly--hydroxyalkanoates (e.g., poly--hydroxybutyric acid - PHB) are common carbon reserves produced by Bacteria and Archaea e.g., B. thuringienisis YPD mediium – very rich medium – PHB NA medium – spore formation J. Spores Functions • reproduction • dispersal - fungi and some actinomycetes produces spores that are readily dispersed • survival under adverse conditions
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