54. Allele frequency refers to the fraction of individuals with a particular version of a given gene. What effect does the founder effect have on the allele frequency of a population? It causes random changes and the allele frequency of certain traits may increase or decrease. A. It causes the allele frequency to resemble that of a small number of individuals that became B. separated from the rest of the population. It greatly reduces the total population, which increases the effects of genetic drift on allele C. frequency. It increases the frequency of alleles that improve a species' survival in a particular D. environment. Mechanisms of Evolution 55. A mutation exists in a gene that controls hair growth on the middle digit of human fingers. Some people have mid-digital hair, while others do not. The gene can be passed from one generation to the next. Which explanation best predicts what should happen to this trait over time? The incidence of mid-digital hair will not change because it offers no selective advantage or A. disadvantage. The incidence of mid-digital hair will increase because it offers no selective advantage. B. The incidence of mid-digital hair will decrease in the population because it has a selective C. disadvantage. The incidence of mid-digital hair will increase in the human population because it offers a D. selective advantage. Mechanisms of Evolution All species have a certain amount of genetic diversity within their populations. How is 56. genetic diversity important to the concept of natural selection? A. Genetic diversity controls the speed at which natural selection is able to occur.
54. Allele frequency refers to the fraction of individuals with a particular version of a given gene. What effect does the founder effect have on the allele frequency of a population? A. It causes random changes and the allele frequency of certain traits may increase or decrease. B. It causes the allele frequency to resemble that of a small number of individuals that became separated from the rest of the population. C. It greatly reduces the total population, which increases the effects of genetic drift on allele frequency. D. It increases the frequency of alleles that improve a species' survival in a particular environment. Mechanisms of Evolution 55. A mutation exists in a gene that controls hair growth on the middle digit of human fingers. Some people have mid-digital hair, while others do not. The gene can be passed from one generation to the next. Which explanation best predicts what should happen to this trait over time? A. The incidence of mid-digital hair will not change because it offers no selective advantage or disadvantage. B. The incidence of mid-digital hair will increase because it offers no selective advantage. C. The incidence of mid-digital hair will decrease in the population because it has a selective disadvantage. D. The incidence of mid-digital hair will increase in the human population because it offers a selective advantage. Mechanisms of Evolution 56. All species have a certain amount of genetic diversity within their populations. How is genetic diversity important to the concept of natural selection? A. Genetic diversity controls the speed at which natural selection is able to occur.
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