Carbon 650 1-14 Good heat Brittle, not dissipation, high shaft resistant to speed in packings, oxidising agents, excellent chemical high price resistance Graphite 650 1-14 Good heat Brittle, not conditions dissipation, very high resistant to eg. steam), speed in gland oxidising agents, 3000 (non- packings, excellent high price chemical resistance conditions) Vegetable 100 5-10 Inexpensive Limited fibres, cork applications, composites non-chemical resistant, for low pressure use Source: Hodgson et al. (1989) 11.6.1 Use of alternative materials in gaskets in Australia Investigations from industry surveys have shown that the use of non-asbestos gaskets are increasing in proportion in Australia. The NICNAS vehicle aftermarket survey found that only one company (Ford Australia) still use asbestos head gaskets in new vehicles, and in only one model (Ford Econovan). Richard Klinger is the only manufacturer of compressed fibre (CF) sheeting (asbestos and non-asbestos) for gasket manufacture in Australia, although there are at least two other manufacturers of gaskets plus a large number of processors of gaskets from CF sheeting. Richard Klinger states that currently, 55% of ‘all gaskets’ and 70% of fibre gaskets’ in Australia are non-asbestos and ‘compressed that these proportions are increasing due to industry preference for non-asbestos products. Richard Klinger manufactures two major types of non-asbestos products: compressed non-asbestos fibre jointing and non-asbestos spiral wound gaskets. These non-asbestos products are used in a broad range of industrial applications including sealing solutions for steam, oil, fuel gases, acids and alkalis. Alternative materials used by Richard Klinger are graphite, carbon, glass, aramid and ceramics. Technical advantages and disadvantages of these materials in regard to use in gaskets are outlined in Table 33.
Carbon 650 1-14 Good heat dissipation, high shaft speed in packings, excellent chemical resistance Brittle, not resistant to oxidising agents, high price Graphite 650 conditions eg. steam), 3000 conditions) 1-14 Good heat dissipation, very high speed in gland packings, excellent chemical resistance Brittle, not resistant to oxidising agents, high price Vegetable fibres, cork composites 100 5-10 Inexpensive Limited applications, non-chemical resistant, for low pressure use Source: Hodgson et al. (1989) 11.6.1 Use of alternative materials in gaskets in Australia Investigations from industry surveys have shown that the use of non-asbestos gaskets are increasing in proportion in Australia. The NICNAS vehicle aftermarket survey found that only one company (Ford Australia) still use asbestos head gaskets in new vehicles, and in only one model (Ford Econovan). Richard Klinger is the only manufacturer of compressed fibre (CF) sheeting (asbestos and non-asbestos) for gasket manufacture in Australia, although there are at least two other manufacturers of gaskets plus a large number of processors of gaskets from CF sheeting. Richard Klinger states that currently, 55% of ‘all gaskets’ and 70% of ‘compressed fibre gaskets’ in Australia are non-asbestos and that these proportions are increasing due to industry preference for non-asbestos products. Richard Klinger manufactures two major types of non-asbestos products: compressed non-asbestos fibre jointing and non-asbestos spiral wound gaskets. These non-asbestos products are used in a broad range of industrial applications including sealing solutions for steam, oil, fuel gases, acids and alkalis. Alternative materials used by Richard Klinger are graphite, carbon, glass, aramid and ceramics. Technical advantages and disadvantages of these materials in regard to use in gaskets are outlined in Table 33. (non-
PEC9-chrysotile-white-asbestos.docx