Background information: By 1900, Germ Theory was well established and microbes had been clearly linked to outbreaks of disease Doctors no longer referred to miasma, four humours or astrology when diagnosing patients, they work solely with scientific discoveries During the 20th Century, has been a move towards examinations of samples (eg. biopsies) to make diagnosis more accurate Causes of disease and illness: The Science of Genetics: In 1900, it was clear that not all illnesses were caused by microbes (eg. babies were born with conditions developed in the womb) By 1900, Mendel theorised that comes in pairs (one is inherited from each parent). However, there was not scientific proof yet In 1953, technology was able to identify DNA Crick and Watson – discovered that the structure of DNA was a double helix, which could to make copies of itself, this could identify hereditary diseases ‘unzip’ The Humane Genome Project, 1990 meant scientists could see the blueprint of human DNA and identify specific genes which can be targeted to help prevent certain diseases Influence of lifestyle: There is a better understanding of how lifestyle choices are linked to diseases. For example: Smoking has been linked to those suffering from lung cancer Diet has been linked to food related illness eg. type 2 diabetes Drinking too much alcohol can lead to and kidney diseases The fashion of tanning has led to a rise in skin cancer cases Improvements in diagnosis: The development of technology has enabled a better understanding of symptoms has made diagnosing more accurate is a wide-range of technology used for diagnosis, including: blood tests, endoscopes, x-rays, ultrasounds, CT and MRI scans
Background information: By 1900, Germ Theory was well established and microbes had been clearly linked to outbreaks of disease Doctors no longer referred to miasma, four humours or astrology when diagnosing patients, they work solely with scientific discoveries During the 20th Century, has been a move towards examinations of samples (eg. biopsies) to make diagnosis more accurate Causes of disease and illness: The Science of Genetics: In 1900, it was clear that not all illnesses were caused by microbes (eg. babies were born with conditions developed in the womb) By 1900, Mendel theorised that comes in pairs (one is inherited from each parent). However, there was not scientific proof yet In 1953, technology was able to identify DNA – Crick and Watson discovered that the structure of DNA was a double helix, which could ‘unzip’ to make copies of itself, this could identify hereditary diseases The Humane Genome Project, 1990 meant scientists could see the blueprint of human DNA and identify specific genes which can be targeted to help prevent certain diseases Influence of lifestyle: There is a better understanding of how lifestyle choices are linked to diseases. For example: Smoking has been linked to those suffering from lung cancer Diet has been linked to food related illness eg. type 2 diabetes Drinking too much alcohol can lead to and kidney diseases The fashion of tanning has led to a rise in skin cancer cases Improvements in diagnosis: The development of technology has enabled a better understanding of symptoms has made diagnosing more accurate is a wide-range of technology used for diagnosis, including: blood tests, endoscopes, x-rays, ultrasounds, CT and MRI scans
paper-1-medicine-revision-guide.docx