B.F. Skinner and various radical behaviorists Personality is simply behavior, and the way people think is meaningless Personality shaped by environment Emphasis on how people act and behave Closer to Social-Cognitive Theories Social-Cognitive Theories Albert Bandura triadic reciprocality and self-efficacy – Triadic reciprocality = person’s behavior both influences and is also influenced by personal factors and social environment Self-efficacy = one’s belief in one’s ability to succeed in situations or tasks George Kelly personal-construct theory – People develop personal constructs to evaluate worlds People’s behavior is determined by how they interpret the world Julian Rotter locus of control – Internal locus of control = feel responsible for what happens External locus of control = forces outside of control determine what happens Humanistic Theories Humans are innately good and able to determine own destinies through free will Self-concept = person’s global knowledge about themselves Self-esteem = person’s general feeling about themselves Self-actualize = ability of a person to realize their own potential Abraham Maslow Maslow’s hierarchy of needs – Rogers Unconditional positive regard (general, unconditional love) – Assessment Techniques Projective Tests asking people to interpret ambiguous stimuli – Rorschach inkblot test interpreting and describing inkblot diagrams – Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT) interpret and describe actions in pictures – Self-report inventories ask people to fill out surveys about themselves – Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI-2) Barnum effect people have the tendency to see themselves in stock descriptions of – personality
B.F. Skinner and various radical behaviorists Personality is simply behavior, and the way people think is meaningless Personality shaped by environment Emphasis on how people act and behave Closer to Social-Cognitive Theories Social-Cognitive Theories Albert Bandura – triadic reciprocality and self-efficacy Triadic reciprocality = person’s behavior both influences and is also influenced by personal factors and social environment Self-efficacy = one’s belief in one’s ability to succeed in situations or tasks George Kelly – personal-construct theory People develop personal constructs to evaluate worlds People’s behavior is determined by how they interpret the world Julian Rotter – locus of control Internal locus of control = feel responsible for what happens External locus of control = forces outside of control determine what happens Humanistic Theories Humans are innately good and able to determine own destinies through free will Self-concept = person’s global knowledge about themselves Self-esteem = person’s general feeling about themselves Self-actualize = ability of a person to realize their own potential Abraham Maslow – Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Rogers – Unconditional positive regard (general, unconditional love) Assessment Techniques Projective Tests – asking people to interpret ambiguous stimuli Rorschach inkblot test – interpreting and describing inkblot diagrams Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT) – interpret and describe actions in pictures Self-report inventories – ask people to fill out surveys about themselves Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI-2) Barnum effect – people have the tendency to see themselves in stock descriptions of personality
Personality%20Notes.docx