appropriate policies availability of education and training availability of drugs implementation across all levels of society. These domains are illustrated in the figure following. Figure WHO Public Health Model of Palliative Care – Source: European Association for Palliative Care, 2014. More recently, in 2014 the first international resolution on palliative care called upon WHO and member states to strengthen palliative care a core component of health particularly within primary “as systems”, and community care settings (World Health Organization, 2015). This development led to WHO’s commitment to improve palliative care in the following areas: palliative care into all relevant global disease control and health system plans “integrating developing guidelines and tools on integrated palliative care across disease groups and levels of care, addressing ethical issues related to the provision of comprehensive palliative care supporting Member States in improving access to palliative care medicines through improved national regulations and delivery systems promoting increased access to palliative care for children (in collaboration with UNICEF) monitoring global palliative care access and evaluating progress made in palliative care programmes encouraging adequate resources for palliative care programmes and research, especially in limited countries building evidence of models of palliative care that are effective in low- and (World Health Organization, 2015). income settings” Another important international initiative is the Quality of Death Index, developed by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) . In 2010, the EIU developed an index to assess the availability, affordability and quality of end-of-life in 40 countries. The methodology enabled EIU to rank the quality of the provision of palliative care at a country level, with an initial report released in 2010. A follow-up report was released in 2015, expanded to 80 countries, reflecting around 85% of the world’s population . Most Western countries were included in both study years, including Australia, the US, New Zealand, Canada, the UK, the Netherlands and other European countries. Both study reports provide insights into international best practice regarding palliative care development and implementation strategies and policies. The reports also set out emerging new developments and challenges internationally, as well as examples of successful community-based initiatives and activities. The indicators used to rank countries in the provision of palliative care are instructive as they suggest the fundamental components of effective palliative care; these are shown in the following table. Table 6 Indicators for the quality of death index – Indicator Details Palliative and healthcare Healthcare spending
appropriate policies availability of education and training availability of drugs implementation across all levels of society. These domains are illustrated in the figure following. Figure – WHO Public Health Model of Palliative Care Source: European Association for Palliative Care, 2014. More recently, in 2014 the first international resolution on palliative care called upon WHO and member states to strengthen palliative care “as a core component of health systems”, particularly within primary and community care settings (World Health Organization, 2015). This development led to WHO’s commitment to improve palliative care in the following areas: “integrating palliative care into all relevant global disease control and health system plans developing guidelines and tools on integrated palliative care across disease groups and levels of care, addressing ethical issues related to the provision of comprehensive palliative care supporting Member States in improving access to palliative care medicines through improved national regulations and delivery systems promoting increased access to palliative care for children (in collaboration with UNICEF) monitoring global palliative care access and evaluating progress made in palliative care programmes encouraging adequate resources for palliative care programmes and research, especially in countries building evidence of models of palliative care that are effective in low- and settings” (World Health Organization, 2015). Another important international initiative is the Quality of Death Index, developed by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) . In 2010, the EIU developed an index to assess the availability, affordability and quality of end-of-life in 40 countries. The methodology enabled EIU to rank the quality of the provision of palliative care at a country level, with an initial report released in 2010. A follow-up report was released in 2015, expanded to 80 countries, reflecting around 85% of the world’s population . Most Western countries were included in both study years, including Australia, the US, New Zealand, Canada, the UK, the Netherlands and other European countries. Both study reports provide insights into international best practice regarding palliative care development and implementation strategies and policies. The reports also set out emerging new developments and challenges internationally, as well as examples of successful community-based initiatives and activities. The indicators used to rank countries in the provision of palliative care are instructive as they suggest the fundamental components of effective palliative care; these are shown in the following table. Table 6 – Indicators for the quality of death index Indicator Details Palliative and healthcare Healthcare spending limited income
Evaluation%20of%20the%20National%20Palliative%20Care%20Strategy%202010%20Final%20Report.docx