Use of limonene and products containing limonene Information on end use of limonene and products containing limonene were obtained mainly through the NICNAS industry survey. Twenty-five out of 40 formulators completing the formulator survey were selected based on the type of products, to identify as many end uses as possible. These formulators were asked to provide 2 to 5 customer contact details to NICNAS for description of end use. In total, 22 end users completed the survey. Information sought by NICNAS end user survey included detailed use process, PPE and control measures. The survey forms used for the phone survey are presented in Appendix 1. Tables 8.4 and 8.5 detail information on the use of limonene and products containing limonene, respectively. In general, the use of limonene and products containing limonene involves manual handling under open conditions. The applications of limonene and products containing limonene vary largely and include: spraying; brushing; pour in and pour out; bath/dipping; wipe on and wipe off; mopping/hosing; and personal application in the case of heavy-duty hand cleaners. The duration of use varies from a couple of minutes per day to continuous use depending on the feature of work. Information on the total number of workers in Australia using limonene or products containing limonene is not available. All companies reported use of gloves and some companies also use other PPE such as safety glasses, overalls, safety boots, masks or respirators. The majority of workplaces use limonene or limonene products under general ventilation. The use of LEV was reported at some workplaces. In summary, information on the range of end uses and potential exposure is limited due to the relatively small number of end use respondents to the NICNAS survey. However, based on the widespread end uses, modes of use and lack of control measures at some worksites, end use of limonene or limonene products gives the greatest potential for worker exposure.
Use of limonene and products containing limonene Information on end use of limonene and products containing limonene were obtained mainly through the NICNAS industry survey. Twenty-five out of 40 formulators completing the formulator survey were selected based on the type of products, to identify as many end uses as possible. These formulators were asked to provide 2 to 5 customer contact details to NICNAS for description of end use. In total, 22 end users completed the survey. Information sought by NICNAS end user survey included detailed use process, PPE and control measures. The survey forms used for the phone survey are presented in Appendix 1. Tables 8.4 and 8.5 detail information on the use of limonene and products containing limonene, respectively. In general, the use of limonene and products containing limonene involves manual handling under open conditions. The applications of limonene and products containing limonene vary largely and include: spraying; brushing; pour in and pour out; bath/dipping; wipe on and wipe off; mopping/hosing; and personal application in the case of heavy-duty hand cleaners. The duration of use varies from a couple of minutes per day to continuous use depending on the feature of work. Information on the total number of workers in Australia using limonene or products containing limonene is not available. All companies reported use of gloves and some companies also use other PPE such as safety glasses, overalls, safety boots, masks or respirators. The majority of workplaces use limonene or limonene products under general ventilation. The use of LEV was reported at some workplaces. In summary, information on the range of end uses and potential exposure is limited due to the relatively small number of end use respondents to the NICNAS survey. However, based on the widespread end uses, modes of use and lack of control measures at some worksites, end use of limonene or limonene products gives the greatest potential for worker exposure.
PEC22-limonene.docx