(epistemological & analytic) (epistemological & analytic) (epistemological & analytic) Literary Theory Reader-response Reception Feminisms Marxism Postcolonialism Deconstruction Post-Structuralism Places & Dates America & Germany Germany Britain, America, Russia & Germany Formerly British France France 1960s-1970s 1960s France 1960s-1980s colonized countries 1970s-1980s 1960s-1970s 1960s-1970s 1960s- 1980s Proponents Stanley Fish, I.A. Hans Robert Jauss Virginia Woolf, Elaine Leon Trotsky, Georg Frantz Fanon, Helen Jacques Derrida, Roland Barthes, Richards, Louise Showalter, Adrienne Lukacs, Terry Eagleton Tiffin, Homi Bhabba Michel Foucault Jacques Derrida Rosenblatt Rich Principles/Beliefs/Focus Reality not found in Text’s social history Gender discrimination Person’s consciousness Concerned with British Friedrich De-centred universe external world, but in important in in lit. texts & in canon not shaped by spiritual colonization of God one’s perception of it interpretation entity Uncertainty, no fixed Masculine hegemony Diverse emphases No such thing as landmarks Lit. work created by Focus on how text was Humans define including objective reality reader accepted/received by Often combined with themselves based on Universality Based on philosophy, its contemporary other theories social interactions Difference All truth subjective not linguistics Reader makes readers Nationalism creation of human transactions with text Opposed to patriarchy Economic factors Representation mind Meanings fluid & Readers from historical affecting publication Resistance subject to constant Aesthetic reading period devise criteria Sexual politics Ethnicity Truth relative- based “slippage” for critiquing text Social relationships Language on social & cultural Counter stereotypes of within & outside text Education influence Oppositions Horizons of women in literature Cultural expectation vary from Political function of lit. hegemony Controversial Historical context of one period to another Colour lang. affect modern Lit. product of ideology Race Emphasis on ambiguity usage & of history Economic & contradiction oppression No fixed meaning Opposed to interpretation is “all bourgeoisie hegemony misinterpretation” of the author”: “death textual independence In favour of proletariat No single correct & communism interpretation Uncover unconscious dimension of text Language unstable therefore lit. unstable Meaning constantly deferred
(epistemological & analytic) (epistemological & analytic) (epistemological & analytic) Literary Theory Reader-response Reception Feminisms Marxism Postcolonialism Deconstruction Post-Structuralism Places & Dates America & Germany 1960s-1970s Germany 1960s Britain, America, France 1960s-1970s Russia & Germany 1960s-1980s Formerly British colonized countries 1960s- 1980s France 1970s-1980s France 1960s-1970s Proponents Stanley Fish, I.A. Richards, Louise Rosenblatt Hans Robert Jauss Virginia Woolf, Elaine Showalter, Adrienne Rich Leon Trotsky, Georg Lukacs, Terry Eagleton Frantz Fanon, Helen Tiffin, Homi Bhabba Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida Principles/Beliefs/Focus Reality not found in external world, but in one’s perception of it Lit. work created by reader Reader makes transactions with text Aesthetic reading Text’s social history important in interpretation Focus on how text was accepted/received by its contemporary readers Readers from historical period devise criteria for critiquing text Horizons of expectation vary from one period to another Gender discrimination in lit. texts & in canon Masculine hegemony Often combined with other theories Opposed to patriarchy Sexual politics Counter stereotypes of women in literature Person’s consciousness not shaped by spiritual entity Humans define themselves based on social interactions Economic factors affecting publication Social relationships within & outside text Political function of lit. Lit. product of ideology & of history Opposed to bourgeoisie hegemony In favour of proletariat & communism Concerned with British colonization Diverse emphases including Universality Difference Nationalism Representation Resistance Ethnicity Language Education Cultural hegemony Colour Race Economic oppression Friedrich of God No such thing as objective reality All truth subjective creation of human mind Truth relative- based on social & cultural influence Controversial Emphasis on ambiguity & contradiction “all interpretation is misinterpretation” No single correct interpretation Language unstable therefore lit. unstable Meaning constantly deferred De-centred universe Uncertainty, no fixed landmarks Based on philosophy, not linguistics Meanings fluid & subject to constant “slippage” Oppositions Historical context of lang. affect modern usage No fixed meaning “death of the author”: textual independence Uncover unconscious dimension of text
overview_of_literary_approaches.docx