07/05/14: Hearing: Dr M B Lowrie Los (from booklet): Sound conduction and transduction and auditory pathways Explain the relation between frequency/ pitch and intensity/loudness of a sound Describe in outline the structure of the ear Explain the mechanisms for amplification and safety in the middle ear Label simple diagrams of the cochlea to show the compartments, membranes and organ of Corti. Explain the steps by which movements of stapes brings about depolarisation of hair cells. Explain how the mechanical properties of the basilar membrane and the hair cells result in frequency analysis of sound waves by the cochlea. Distinguish between outer and inner hair cells. a diagram of the main structures and tracts forming the central projections of the auditory nerve. Define tonotopic mapping. Identify the part of the auditory pathway involved in auditory reflexes. List the main causes of conductive and sensorineural deafness. Notes: General: Stimulus is not the same as sensation Receptor = hair cell Tympanic membrane; oval window and round window Cochlear nerve + vestibular nerve = 8th nerve Sound waves can be illustrated as a sine wave of air pressure vs time Decibels: Log 0 = threshold for human hearing Outer ear tympanic cavity = middle ear inner ear Outer ear Pinna (=auricle) + external acoustic meatus (external auditory meatus/auditory canal) Collects and conducts sound waves towards tympanic membrane Middle ear
07/05/14: Hearing: Dr M B Lowrie Los (from booklet): Sound conduction and transduction and auditory pathways Explain the relation between frequency/ pitch and intensity/loudness of a sound Describe in outline the structure of the ear Explain the mechanisms for amplification and safety in the middle ear Label simple diagrams of the cochlea to show the compartments, membranes and organ of Corti. Explain the steps by which movements of stapes brings about depolarisation of hair cells. Explain how the mechanical properties of the basilar membrane and the hair cells result in frequency analysis of sound waves by the cochlea. Distinguish between outer and inner hair cells. a diagram of the main structures and tracts forming the central projections of the auditory nerve. Define tonotopic mapping. Identify the part of the auditory pathway involved in auditory reflexes. List the main causes of conductive and sensorineural deafness. Notes: General: Stimulus is not the same as sensation Receptor = hair cell Tympanic membrane; oval window and round window Cochlear nerve + vestibular nerve = 8th nerve Sound waves can be illustrated as a sine wave of air pressure vs time Decibels: Log 0 = threshold for human hearing Outer ear tympanic cavity = middle ear inner ear Outer ear Pinna (=auricle) + external acoustic meatus (external auditory meatus/auditory canal) Collects and conducts sound waves towards tympanic membrane Middle ear
Neuroscience-notes-BETA.docx