static production/economic system and prevent factor mobility. This prevents diversification at both the micro level (individual planters) and the macro level (ruling elites in search of new bases for political rule), and creates a dependency in the supported sectors. For example, the West African pineapple sector, which was protected by the EU from 1963, suddenly collapsed in the mid-2000s following a change in the GSP and the dependency structure. Similarly, if the cocoa sector in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana becomes entrenched in the sustainability scheme fashioned by chocolate companies, the entire sector will rest on the support of multinationals and NGOs. This is already the case in Ghana, where cocoa production is maintained by the government’s provision of spraying materials and fertilisers. Bibliography Abbott, P. 2013. and Cotton Commodity Chains in West Africa: Policy and Institutional Roles for Smallholder Market Participation.’ In Rebuilding West edited by A. Elbehri, 253–285. Rome: FAO/IFAD. Africa’s Food Potential, Abdulai, A.G. and Hickey, S., 2014. the politics of development in ‘Rethinking Africa? How the settlement” shapes resource allocation in Ghana “political esid-038-14). BWPI, The University of Manchester. ‘(No. Abizadeh, S. and Yousefi, M., 1996. Fiscal systems and economic development: Case New York: Nova Publishers. Studies of selected countries. Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J.A., 2005. Economic origins of dictatorship and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. democracy. 2000. colonial origins of comparative development: An empirical ‘The investigation’ (No. w7771). National bureau of economic research. 2012. New Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. York: Crown Business 2013. versus politics: Pitfalls of policy advice’. The Journal of ‘Economics pp.173-192. Economic Perspectives, 27(2), Acemoglu, D., 2010. for social sciences: Institutions and economic ‘Challenges development’. American Economic Association, Ten Years and Beyond: Ten
static production/economic system and prevent factor mobility. This prevents diversification at both the micro level (individual planters) and the macro level (ruling elites in search of new bases for political rule), and creates a dependency in the supported sectors. For example, the West African pineapple sector, which was protected by the EU from 1963, suddenly collapsed in the mid-2000s following a change in the GSP and the dependency structure. Similarly, if the cocoa sector in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana becomes entrenched in the sustainability scheme fashioned by chocolate companies, the entire sector will rest on the support of multinationals and NGOs. This is already the case in Ghana, where cocoa production is maintained by the government’s provision of spraying materials and fertilisers. Bibliography Abbott, P. 2013. and Cotton Commodity Chains in West Africa: Policy and Institutional Roles for Smallholder Market Participation.’ In Rebuilding West Africa’s Food Potential, edited by A. Elbehri, 253–285. Rome: FAO/IFAD. Abdulai, A.G. and Hickey, S., 2014. ‘Rethinking the politics of development in Africa? How the “political settlement” shapes resource allocation in Ghana ‘(No. esid-038-14). BWPI, The University of Manchester. Abizadeh, S. and Yousefi, M., 1996. Fiscal systems and economic development: Case Studies of selected countries. New York: Nova Publishers. Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J.A., 2005. Economic origins of dictatorship and democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2000. ‘The colonial origins of comparative development: An empirical investigation’ (No. w7771). National bureau of economic research. 2012. Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. New York: Crown Business 2013. ‘Economics versus politics: Pitfalls of policy advice’. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27(2), pp.173-192. Acemoglu, D., 2010. ‘Challenges for social sciences: Institutions and economic development’. American Economic Association, Ten Years and Beyond: Ten
Michael%27s%20Revised%20Thesis%20April%202017.docx