species by humans plants Typha may constrain waterways references therein and restrict fish migration. Compete with native Although native water plants Cadwallader (1979) 1 1 1 water plants provide habitat for the prey of SP, and SP have been found in stands of Phragmites, it is likely exotic plants could play equivalent roles as habitat. Therefore, this is likely not a serious threat to SP. Exotic fishes Carp Carp may threaten SP through DSE (2005) 1 2 2 competition for food resources and by increasing sedimentation through their feeding habits. Gambusia Gambusia are not considered a NSW DPI (2006) 1 2 2 major threat to SP. Fish diseases Exotic fishes such as carp and Langdon (1989); Glazebrook 2 2 3 gambusia may be major vectors (1995); Whittington et al. transmitting diseases to SP. (1995); Dove et al. (1997) Epizootic Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (EHNV) is a particular concern in NSW (NSW DPI 2006). Fishing Commercial and Removal of SP As commercial and recreational NSW DPI (2006) 2 2 3 recreational fishing for SP are illegal, this
species by humans plants Typha may constrain waterways and restrict fish migration. references therein Compete with native water plants Although native water plants provide habitat for the prey of SP, and SP have been found in stands of Phragmites, it is likely exotic plants could play equivalent roles as habitat. Therefore, this is likely not a serious threat to SP. Cadwallader (1979) 1 1 1 Exotic fishes Carp Carp may threaten SP through competition for food resources and by increasing sedimentation through their feeding habits. DSE (2005) 1 2 2 Gambusia Gambusia are not considered a major threat to SP. NSW DPI (2006) 1 2 2 Fish diseases Exotic fishes such as carp and gambusia may be major vectors transmitting diseases to SP. Epizootic Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (EHNV) is a particular concern in NSW (NSW DPI 2006). Langdon (1989); Glazebrook (1995); Whittington et al. (1995); Dove et al. (1997) 2 2 3 Fishing Commercial and recreational Removal of SP As commercial and recreational fishing for SP are illegal, this NSW DPI (2006) 2 2 3
modelling-water-related-ecological-responses-csg-extraction.docx