Table I: Traceability of Measurement Objectives for Science Science or Program Relation. to NASA Exploration Investigation Required Measurements Aspect Goals Objective Primary Decadal Progress on MSR Rendezvous & Capture in Mars orbit Survey Priority Sample Return Extent & volume of water ice in non-polar regions A1. Distribution of buried Extent & volume of buried CO2 ice in the polar caps water & CO2 ice plus Shallow subsurface structure of polar cap & layered terrain relationship to surficial polar S-A. Distribution & Improved mapping of cap morphology, structure, & deposits High Decadal Origin of Ice composition - as a function of season Survey Priority Reservoirs Seasonal mapping of surface water & CO2 frost A2. Volatile cycling between Polar radiative balance: visible & thermal IR wavelengths high & low latitudes Polar atmospheric environment: Water vapor, temperature, wind, clouds Fine morphology as a function B1. Role of liquid water in of season & Mineralogy, hydration state, & surface temp. S-B. Dynamic Recurring Slope Lineae (RSL) time of day Surface Processes Water vapor changes within lowermost atmos. on Modern Mars B2. Active sediment transport Sediment flux in key locales: including dunes, gullies, dust Science & surface change processes streaks New Discoveries Vertical profiles of horizontal wind components & T(p) with S-C. Dynamic C1. Atmospheric circulation /High MEPAG good precision, even in dusty atmosphere changes Processes in priority Current Martian Atm. transport & state Vertical profiles of aerosol (dust & ice) & water vapor C2. Atmosphere C3. global weather Daily global mapping of dust, clouds, & surface frost S-D. Geologic Evidence for Diversity of ancient aqueous composition & morphology in ancient terrain Environmental deposits Transitions E1. Comparative bulk Satellite morphology, gravity S-E. Phobos/ densities of satellites Martian Deimos Fly-by E2. Satellite composition & Science (with SEP) Satellite mineral composition & thermophysical properties regolith properties
Table I: Traceability of Measurement Objectives for Science Program Aspect Relation. to NASA Goals Science or Exploration Objective Investigation Required Measurements MSR Primary Decadal Survey Priority Progress on Sample Return Rendezvous & Capture in Mars orbit Science High Decadal Survey Priority S-A. Distribution & Origin of Ice Reservoirs A1. Distribution of buried water & CO2 ice plus relationship to surficial polar deposits Extent & volume of water ice in non-polar regions Extent & volume of buried CO2 ice in the polar caps Shallow subsurface structure of polar cap & layered terrain Improved mapping of cap morphology, structure, & composition - as a function of season A2. Volatile cycling between high & low latitudes Seasonal mapping of surface water & CO2 frost Polar radiative balance: visible & thermal IR wavelengths Polar atmospheric environment: Water vapor, temperature, wind, clouds New Discoveries /High MEPAG priority S-B. Dynamic Surface Processes on Modern Mars B1. Role of liquid water in Recurring Slope Lineae (RSL) Fine morphology as a function of season & time of day Mineralogy, hydration state, & surface temp. Water vapor changes within lowermost atmos. B2. Active sediment transport & surface change processes Sediment flux in key locales: including dunes, gullies, dust streaks S-C. Dynamic Processes in Current Martian Atmosphere C1. Atmospheric circulation Vertical profiles of horizontal wind components & T(p) with good precision, even in dusty atmosphere changes C2. Atm. transport & state Vertical profiles of aerosol (dust & ice) & water vapor C3. global weather Daily global mapping of dust, clouds, & surface frost S-D. Geologic Evidence for Environmental Transitions Diversity of ancient aqueous deposits composition & morphology in ancient terrain Martian S-E. Phobos/ Deimos Fly-by Science (with SEP) E1. Comparative bulk densities of satellites Satellite morphology, gravity E2. Satellite composition & regolith properties Satellite mineral composition & thermophysical properties
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