The similarities in diagnostic criteria, and symptoms between different disorders/conditions have contributed to the existence of The “overshadowing”. concept of overshadowing”, according to Coughlan (2001), was “diagnostic developed by Reiss, Levitan and Szyszko (1982) and refers to when the learning disability itself overshadows any additional impairments, specifically mental illness and/or psychiatric conditions. Pearce (2009) postulates a theory as to how attachment problems can be by other conditions, leading to situations of misdiagnosis. She “overshadowed” states that children with attachment problems or disorders are chronically due to the emotional effects of loss and traumatisation. This over-arousal manifests itself in acute inattention difficulties, aggressive, destructive, hyperactive and disengaged behaviours. All of which are equally attributable to Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Newman and Mares (2007) also refer to how the controlling, aggressive and delinquent behaviours of older children are attributed to ODD and Conduct Disorder, thereby excluding the possibility of attachment patterns or disorder. Heinz Brisch (2004) mentions that there is a type of attachment disorder referred to as No Signs of Attachment Behaviour. Children with this disorder are remarkable in that they demonstrate absolutely no attachment behaviour towards anyone. Even in dangerous situations, these children do not turn towards a preferred attachment figure. The children most likely to experience this subtype are those who have undergone numerous relational shifts in infancy or were
The similarities in diagnostic criteria, and symptoms between different disorders/conditions have contributed to the existence of “overshadowing”. The concept of “diagnostic overshadowing”, according to Coughlan (2001), was developed by Reiss, Levitan and Szyszko (1982) and refers to when the learning disability itself overshadows any additional impairments, specifically mental illness and/or psychiatric conditions. Pearce (2009) postulates a theory as to how attachment problems can be “overshadowed” by other conditions, leading to situations of misdiagnosis. She states that children with attachment problems or disorders are chronically due to the emotional effects of loss and traumatisation. This over-arousal manifests itself in acute inattention difficulties, aggressive, destructive, hyperactive and disengaged behaviours. All of which are equally attributable to Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Newman and Mares (2007) also refer to how the controlling, aggressive and delinquent behaviours of older children are attributed to ODD and Conduct Disorder, thereby excluding the possibility of attachment patterns or disorder. Heinz Brisch (2004) mentions that there is a type of attachment disorder referred to as No Signs of Attachment Behaviour. Children with this disorder are remarkable in that they demonstrate absolutely no attachment behaviour towards anyone. Even in dangerous situations, these children do not turn towards a preferred attachment figure. The children most likely to experience this subtype are those who have undergone numerous relational shifts in infancy or were
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