widely spaced except when individual atoms in a they happen to collide. In a complex molecule or Science Probe: solid, atoms are closely extended structure.] 2-6 Time “Boiling spaced and may vibrate in MS-PS1-3. Gather and make and Temperature” position but do not change sense of information to relative locations. describe that synthetic Science Probe: materials come from natural 2-7 Ice” “Freezing Solids may be formed from resources and impact molecules, or they may be society. [Clarification Science Probe: extended structures with Statement: Emphasis is on 2-8 in the “What’s repeating subunits (e.g., natural resources that Bubbles?” crystals). (MS-PS1-1) undergo a chemical process The changes of state that to form the synthetic Science occur with variations in material. Examples of new 2-9 “Chemical temperature or pressure can materials include new Bonds” be described and predicted medicine, foods, and using these models of alternative fuels.] Science Probe: matter. (MS-PS1-4) [Assessment Boundary: 2-10 “Ice-Cold PS1.B: Chemical Reactions Assessment is limited to Lemonade” (8th Grade) Substances qualitative information.] react chemically in MS-PS1-4. Develop a model Science Probe: characteristic ways. In a that predicts and describes 2-11 “Mixing chemical process, the changes in particle motion, Water” that make up the original temperature, and state of a substances are regrouped pure substance when Science Probe: into different molecules, and thermal energy is added or 4-6 Water” “Ice new substances have removed. [Clarification different properties from Statement: Emphasis is on those of the reactants. qualitative molecular-level (Note: This models of solids, liquids, and Disciplinary Core Idea is also gases to show that adding or addressed by MS-PS1-2 and removing thermal energy MS-PS1-5.) increases or decreases kinetic energy of the PS3.A: Definitions of Energy particles until a change of (8th Grade) The term as used in state occurs. Examples of “heat” everyday language refers models could include both to drawings and diagrams.
widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). (MS-PS1-1) The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. (MS-PS1-4) PS1.B: Chemical Reactions (8th Grade) Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. (Note: This Disciplinary Core Idea is also addressed by MS-PS1-2 and MS-PS1-5.) PS3.A: Definitions of Energy (8th Grade) The term “heat” as used in everyday language refers both to individual atoms in a complex molecule or extended structure.] MS-PS1-3. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on natural resources that undergo a chemical process to form the synthetic material. Examples of new materials include new medicine, foods, and alternative fuels.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to qualitative information.] MS-PS1-4. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on qualitative molecular-level models of solids, liquids, and gases to show that adding or removing thermal energy increases or decreases kinetic energy of the particles until a change of state occurs. Examples of models could include drawings and diagrams. Science Probe: 2-6 “Boiling Time and Temperature” Science Probe: 2-7 “Freezing Ice” Science Probe: 2-8 “What’s in the Bubbles?” Science 2-9 “Chemical Bonds” Science Probe: 2-10 “Ice-Cold Lemonade” Science Probe: 2-11 “Mixing Water” Science Probe: 4-6 “Ice Water”
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