Mary married King Philip of Spain. The first joint ruler of England and She enacted a policy of persecution Scotland. against Protestants and restored the He was a Scottish Catholic who papal authority over the Church of believed in the Right” and “Divine England. ruled as he wanted. She is called “Bloody Mary”. Conflict with the English Parliament. When she died in 1558, her half-sister The failed Catholic Gunpowder Plot Elizabeth became queen. in 1605 led to anti catholic riots. She wanted a peaceful answer to Charles I (1625-1649) the problems, led England back to Protestantism and made herself the Son of James I head of the Church. His wife was Catholic. Mary Stuart (a Catholic) was the heir He dissolved Parliament three times to the English throne. between 1625 and1629. By 1585 most English people He wanted to rule alone and this led believed that to be a Catholic was to civil war (1642-1645). to be an enemy of England. Oliver Cromwell created the new The defeat of the Spanish Armada is army which defeated the “model” one of the most famous events in Royalist army. English history and arguably Queen Charles was executed and Cromwell Elizabeth’s finest hour. became the ruler. Her reign was also a prosperous period and extremely important 1649-1660 - Dictatorship of Cromwell. He culturally. was unable to find anything to replace the monarchy. Charles II (1660-1685) The Stuarts Restoration in 1660. The fear of Mary Stuart Charles` interest in Catholic church She was the queen of Scotland and resulted in the first political parties in claimed the crowns of France, Britain: (were afraid of “Whigs” England and Ireland. absolute monarchy, supported She was married to Francis I (prince Parliament) and “Tories” (supported of France), Lord Darnley (this the Crown). marriage produced James VI) and The Plague in 1665 and the Great Bothwell (was believed to be the Fire of London in 1666. Ch. Wren murderer of Lord Darnley). designed a new capital. Mary fled to England in seeking the James II (1685-1688) protection, but was executed. He was a Catholic king. James I (James VI of Scotland)
Mary married King Philip of Spain. She enacted a policy of persecution against Protestants and restored the papal authority over the Church of England. She is called “Bloody Mary”. When she died in 1558, her half-sister Elizabeth became queen. She wanted a peaceful answer to the problems, led England back to Protestantism and made herself the head of the Church. Mary Stuart (a Catholic) was the heir to the English throne. By 1585 most English people believed that to be a Catholic was to be an enemy of England. The defeat of the Spanish Armada is one of the most famous events in English history and arguably Queen Elizabeth’s finest hour. Her reign was also a prosperous period and extremely important culturally. The Stuarts Mary Stuart She was the queen of Scotland and claimed the crowns of France, England and Ireland. She was married to Francis I (prince of France), Lord Darnley (this marriage produced James VI) and Bothwell (was believed to be the murderer of Lord Darnley). Mary fled to England in seeking the protection, but was executed. James I (James VI of Scotland) The first joint ruler of England and Scotland. He was a Scottish Catholic who believed in the “Divine Right” and ruled as he wanted. Conflict with the English Parliament. The failed Catholic Gunpowder Plot in 1605 led to anti catholic riots. Charles I (1625-1649) Son of James I His wife was Catholic. He dissolved Parliament three times between 1625 and1629. He wanted to rule alone and this led to civil war (1642-1645). Oliver Cromwell created the new “model” army which defeated the Royalist army. Charles was executed and Cromwell became the ruler. 1649-1660 - Dictatorship of Cromwell. He was unable to find anything to replace the monarchy. Charles II (1660-1685) Restoration in 1660. The fear of Charles` interest in Catholic church resulted in the first political parties in Britain: “Whigs” (were afraid of absolute monarchy, supported Parliament) and “Tories” (supported the Crown). The Plague in 1665 and the Great Fire of London in 1666. Ch. Wren designed a new capital. James II (1685-1688) He was a Catholic king.
MonikaMiilveeEhistory.docx