Common cognitive biases and flaws in SLE diagnosis and management Supplementary Table 3. Step in Bias Definition Example diagnosis Referring Influenced by a Development Availability recall to what recent case of of comes to sagittal sinus differential mind most thrombosis in a diagnosis easily. patient with SLE Differential headache, clinician influenced thinks of venous by what is thrombosis in easily subsequent SLE recalled, patients with creating a headache, false sense neglecting more of common causes increased such as migraine prevalence of the condition Clinical A young woman Representativeness suspicion with low grade (Judging by influenced fever, malaise, similarity) solely by arthralgias and signs and myalgias symptoms, interpreted as SLE and flare rather than as neglects to a viral illness consider
Supplementary Table 3. Common cognitive biases and flaws in SLE diagnosis and management Step in diagnosis Bias Definition Example Development of differential diagnosis Availability recall Referring to what comes to mind most easily. Differential influenced by what is easily recalled, creating a false sense of increased prevalence of the condition Influenced by a recent case of sagittal sinus thrombosis in a patient with SLE headache, clinician thinks of venous thrombosis in subsequent SLE patients with headache, neglecting more common causes such as migraine Representativeness (Judging by similarity) Clinical suspicion influenced solely by signs and symptoms, and neglects to consider A young woman with low grade fever, malaise, arthralgias and myalgias interpreted as SLE flare rather than as a viral illness
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