(MS-PS4-2) describing waves with both HS.PS4.B “Birthday PS4.B: Electromagnetic qualitative and quantitative Candles” HS.PS4.C (MS-PS4-3) Radiation (6th Grade) thinking.] [Assessment When light shines on an Boundary: Assessment does object, it is reflected, not include electromagnetic absorbed, or transmitted waves and is limited to through the object, standard repeating waves.] depending on the object’s MS-PS4-2. Develop and use material and the frequency a model to describe that (color) of the light. waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted The path that light travels through various materials. can be traced as straight [Clarification Statement: lines, except at surfaces Emphasis is on both light and between different mechanical waves. Examples transparent materials of models could include (e.g., air and water, air and drawings, simulations, and glass) where the light path written descriptions.] bends. [Assessment Boundary: (MS-PS4-2) Assessment is limited to A wave model of light is qualitative applications useful for explaining pertaining to light and brightness, color, mechanical waves.] and the MS-PS4-3. Integrate dependent bending of light qualitative scientific and at a surface between media. technical information to (MS-PS4-2) support the claim that However, because light can digitized signals (sent as travel through space, it wave pulses) are a more cannot be a matter wave, reliable way to encode and like sound or water waves. transmit information. (MS-PS4-2) [Clarification Statement: PS4.C: Information Emphasis is on a understanding that waves Technologies and can be used for Instrumentation (6th Grade) Digitized signals (sent as communication purposes. wave pulses) are a more Examples could include using reliable way to encode and fiber optic cable to transmit
(MS-PS4-2) PS4.B: Electromagnetic Radiation (6th Grade) When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object’s material and the frequency (color) of the light. The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. (MS-PS4-2) A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the bending of light at a surface between media. (MS-PS4-2) However, because light can travel through space, it cannot be a matter wave, like sound or water waves. (MS-PS4-2) PS4.C: Information Technologies and Instrumentation (6th Grade) Digitized signals (sent as wave pulses) are a more reliable way to encode and describing waves with both qualitative and quantitative thinking.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include electromagnetic waves and is limited to standard repeating waves.] MS-PS4-2. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on both light and mechanical waves. Examples of models could include drawings, simulations, and written descriptions.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to qualitative applications pertaining to light and mechanical waves.] MS-PS4-3. Integrate qualitative scientific and technical information to support the claim that digitized signals (sent as wave pulses) are a more reliable way to encode and transmit information. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on a understanding that waves can be used for communication purposes. Examples could include using fiber optic cable to transmit HS.PS4.B HS.PS4.C (MS-PS4-3) “Birthday Candles” dependent
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