Lecture #15 13 November 2018 Copyright: Ronald B. Mitchell, 2018 Brown Weiss and Jacobson: Influences on treaty effectiveness Overall model linking 4 sets of factors Characteristics of activity: same as my “Problem structure” Number of actors involved in activity Effect of economic incentives Role of multinational corporations in activity Concentration of activity in major countries Characteristics of institution: same as my “Institutional design” Perceived equity of obligations Precision of obligations Provisions for obtaining scientific advice Reporting requirements Provisions for other forms of monitoring Secretariat Incentives Sanctions Characteristics of international context (see readings) Characteristics of the country: why treaty influences some countries and not others (see readings) Problem Structure and Institutional Effectiveness Institutional Design and Institutional Effectiveness Successes & Failures of International Cooperation through Institutions Successes of international cooperation through institutions , smallpox, decrease in malaria (300m/yr to 120m/yr) 1911 Fur Seal treaty Steep declines in US/Soviet-Russian nuclear weapons Destruction of weapons (most of) Syria’s chemical Treaty of Versailles: debt of ~50K tons of gold over 59 years; final payment in 2010 Failures of international cooperation through institutions League of Nations Paris Peace Treaties of 1947: Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Finland sovereign states PLUS war reparations, minority rights and territorial adjustments US-China trade war (WTO rules did not prevent) Failure of international institutions to form in first place Palestinian-Israeli conflict Brief example: have international institutions influenced number of nuclear weapons US and Soviets/Russia have? The US had 25,000 nuclear weapons in 1960. How many do you think the US has today? Example: Syria have international institutions made a difference? – On the pro side: Chemical Weapons Treaty in 1992, 165 countries signed Creates pressure on others to respond as they said they would, with inspectors (Alex Bryans) Strengthens a have an impact on how a country acts general norm: “international organizations can according to rules shared amongst most of the (Alex Bryans) world” has submitted its report of chemical weapons through an international “Syria organization” (Zack Gripenstraw)
Lecture #15 13 November 2018 Copyright: Ronald B. Mitchell, 2018 Brown Weiss and Jacobson: Influences on treaty effectiveness Overall model linking 4 sets of factors Characteristics of activity: same as my “Problem structure” Number of actors involved in activity Effect of economic incentives Role of multinational corporations in activity Concentration of activity in major countries Characteristics of institution: same as my “Institutional design” Perceived equity of obligations Precision of obligations Provisions for obtaining scientific advice Reporting requirements Provisions for other forms of monitoring Secretariat Incentives Sanctions Characteristics of international context (see readings) Characteristics of the country: why treaty influences some countries and not others (see readings) Problem Structure and Institutional Effectiveness Institutional Design and Institutional Effectiveness Successes & Failures of International Cooperation through Institutions Successes of international cooperation through institutions , smallpox, decrease in malaria (300m/yr to 120m/yr) 1911 Fur Seal treaty Steep declines in US/Soviet-Russian nuclear weapons Destruction of (most of) Syria’s chemical weapons Treaty of Versailles: debt of ~50K tons of gold over 59 years; final payment in 2010 Failures of international cooperation through institutions League of Nations Paris Peace Treaties of 1947: Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Finland sovereign states PLUS war reparations, minority rights and territorial adjustments US-China trade war (WTO rules did not prevent) Failure of international institutions to form in first place Palestinian-Israeli conflict Brief example: have international institutions influenced number of nuclear weapons US and Soviets/Russia have? The US had 25,000 nuclear weapons in 1960. How many do you think the US has today? Example: Syria – have international institutions made a difference? On the pro side: Chemical Weapons Treaty in 1992, 165 countries signed Creates pressure on others to respond as they said they would, with inspectors (Alex Bryans) Strengthens a general norm: “international organizations can have an impact on how a country acts according to rules shared amongst most of the world” (Alex Bryans) “Syria has submitted its report of chemical weapons through an international organization” (Zack Gripenstraw)