there more you can tell The interviewer appears supportive and happen?’, ‘is me?’ demonstrates active listening throughout, e.g. head nods or verbal facilitators such as ‘uh huh’. Phase three: Questioning Questions are used to assist further recall when the account has been child’s exhausted in the free narrative phase. There are various types of questions employed and their use is based upon how directive the interviewer needs to be. The questions used should be primarily open-ended followed by specific-closed questions. Forced choice and leading questions should only be used if deemed necessary. Open-ended questions These types of questions tend to elicit better quality information from children (see chapter 1 for a further detailed theoretical explanation). Open-ended questions are structured in such a way that the content and flow of information is controlled by the child and the responses are unrestricted. In addition, they pick up on information given by the child during the free narrative phase to permit further elaboration, e.g. said that he took ‘you you to the shopping centre, tell me more about (Home Office, 2011). that’ Specific-closed questions These questions allow a narrower range of responses and should only be used to further explore information described in the free narrative phase or in response to questions. These questions permit a greater level of control by the interviewer, but they provide the opportunity for the child to be passive when answering and subsequently the child may reduce their efforts during recall. These tend to be and ‘what’ ‘when’ ‘who’ type questions, e.g. colour was his ‘where’ ‘what shirt?’ Forced choice questions
happen?’, ‘is there more you can tell me?’ The interviewer appears supportive and demonstrates active listening throughout, e.g. head nods or verbal facilitators such as ‘uh huh’. Phase three: Questioning Questions are used to assist further recall when the child’s account has been exhausted in the free narrative phase. There are various types of questions employed and their use is based upon how directive the interviewer needs to be. The questions used should be primarily open-ended followed by specific-closed questions. Forced choice and leading questions should only be used if deemed necessary. Open-ended questions These types of questions tend to elicit better quality information from children (see chapter 1 for a further detailed theoretical explanation). Open-ended questions are structured in such a way that the content and flow of information is controlled by the child and the responses are unrestricted. In addition, they pick up on information given by the child during the free narrative phase to permit further elaboration, e.g. ‘you said that he took you to the shopping centre, tell me more about that’ (Home Office, 2011). Specific-closed questions These questions allow a narrower range of responses and should only be used to further explore information described in the free narrative phase or in response to questions. These questions permit a greater level of control by the interviewer, but they provide the opportunity for the child to be passive when answering and subsequently the child may reduce their efforts during recall. These tend to be ‘what’ ‘when’ ‘who’ and ‘where’ type questions, e.g. ‘what colour was his shirt?’ Forced choice questions