group. This would suggest that clinicians should ensure minimal familiarity with target words but should still select words primarily on the basis of their frequency in the inflected form rather than their overall frequency. Application of phonological and lexical variables to real words For the age-matched children and for the children with SLI, the lexical and phonological coefficients were comparable in magnitude and could either enhance or reduce accuracy. From a practical standpoint, this is easiest to understand when particular words are used as examples. Take for instance the words and that have high telicity ratings. In these cases, the close kiss, beneficial effect of telicity cancels out the potentially detrimental effect of that word ending in /s/ or /z/. is slightly more telic and substantially more common in the past tense form and thus Close is more accurate than Contrast this with another frequently correct word. It is highly kiss. play accurate primarily because it is phonologically simple, rather than because it has high telicity or past frequency ratings. Although many of the example words are action verbs, mental/ communication verbs can also lead to highly accurate responses. Verbs like and answer were rated as more telic, had average past tense frequency values, and were remember phonologically facilitative, leading to high accuracy values. It is worth bearing in mind that the direction of influence can switch. A word, such as sail, which is rarely heard in the past tense and had low telicity ratings is much less likely to be accurately inflected. Just as phonology and telicity can cancel each other out, so can frequency and telicity. Consider which was rated as ongoing by the adult raters, but was commonly turn, heard in the past tense. It ranks as mid-accuracy verb. Verbs that are never observed in the past tense, in CHILDES and naturally get low telicity ratings. In these hum, rake, giggle, imagine cases any advantages provided by the phonological form cannot overcome the negative influence
group. This would suggest that clinicians should ensure minimal familiarity with target words but should still select words primarily on the basis of their frequency in the inflected form rather than their overall frequency. Application of phonological and lexical variables to real words For the age-matched children and for the children with SLI, the lexical and phonological coefficients were comparable in magnitude and could either enhance or reduce accuracy. From a practical standpoint, this is easiest to understand when particular words are used as examples. Take for instance the words close and kiss, that have high telicity ratings. In these cases, the beneficial effect of telicity cancels out the potentially detrimental effect of that word ending in /s/ or /z/. Close is slightly more telic and substantially more common in the past tense form and thus is more accurate than kiss. Contrast this with play another frequently correct word. It is highly accurate primarily because it is phonologically simple, rather than because it has high telicity or past frequency ratings. Although many of the example words are action verbs, mental/ communication verbs can also lead to highly accurate responses. Verbs like answer and remember were rated as more telic, had average past tense frequency values, and were phonologically facilitative, leading to high accuracy values. It is worth bearing in mind that the direction of influence can switch. A word, such as sail, which is rarely heard in the past tense and had low telicity ratings is much less likely to be accurately inflected. Just as phonology and telicity can cancel each other out, so can frequency and telicity. Consider turn, which was rated as ongoing by the adult raters, but was commonly heard in the past tense. It ranks as mid-accuracy verb. Verbs that are never observed in the past tense, in CHILDES hum, rake, giggle, and imagine naturally get low telicity ratings. In these cases any advantages provided by the phonological form cannot overcome the negative influence