Organic Compounds: Larger, more complex chemicals. Always contain the elements carbon (C)and hydrogen (H). Synthesized from simpler substances (building blocks). Carbohydrates: ___________________________________ Building blocks: _____________________ Functions: _________________ _________________ (starch) Lipids: _________________________________________ Functions: _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ Proteins: Complex compounds that carry out all the body’s activities. Building blocks: _________________ After water, proteins are the most plentiful substances in the body. Have many different functions as determined by their ___________. Lock and Key Model: Proteins must have the right shape to “fit” with other molecules. Changing the shape of a protein will change what it can interact with its function. Important types of proteins: Hormones and neurotransmitters – carry messages through the body. Cell receptors – in cell membrane; receive hormones and neurotransmitters. Antibodies – attack foreign pathogens Enzymes- act as catalysts, controlling all chemical reactions in the body. High temperatures will cause enzymes to denature (lose their shape) and stop functioning. This is why high fevers are dangerous. Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA): Make up genes and chromosomes. Building blocks: Nucleotides; molecular bases (ATCGU)
Organic Compounds: Larger, more complex chemicals. Always contain the elements carbon (C)and hydrogen (H). Synthesized from simpler substances (building blocks). Carbohydrates: ___________________________________ Building blocks: _____________________ Functions: _________________ _________________ (starch) Lipids: _________________________________________ Functions: _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ Proteins: Complex compounds that carry out all the body’s activities. Building blocks: _________________ After water, proteins are the most plentiful substances in the body. Have many different functions as determined by their ___________. Lock and Key Model: Proteins must have the right shape to “fit” with other molecules. Changing the shape of a protein will change what it can interact with its function. Important types of proteins: Hormones and neurotransmitters – carry messages through the body. Cell receptors – in cell membrane; receive hormones and neurotransmitters. Antibodies – attack foreign pathogens Enzymes- act as catalysts, controlling all chemical reactions in the body. High temperatures will cause enzymes to denature (lose their shape) and stop functioning. This is why high fevers are dangerous. Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA): Make up genes and chromosomes. Building blocks: Nucleotides; molecular bases (ATCGU)