science are explanations evidence and ideas in evidence in constructing solutions supported by student-generated sources of and the end-products of constructing explanations that multiple sources of evidence evidence consistent with engineering are solutions. accounts of specify variables that consistent with scientific scientific ideas, principles, and natural phenomena and describe and predict ideas, principles, and theories. designing solutions. phenomena and in theories. The goal of science is the designing multiple construction of theories solutions to design that provide explanatory problems. accounts of the world. A theory becomes accepted Use information from Construct an Construct an explanation Make a quantitative and/or when it has multiple lines observations explanation of that includes qualitative or qualitative claim regarding the of empirical evidence and hand and from observed quantitative relationships relationship between greater explanatory media) to construct relationships (e.g., the between variables that dependent and independent power of phenomena than an evidence-based distribution of plants predict(s) and/or variables. previous theories. account for natural in the backyard). describe(s) phenomena. phenomena. Construct an explanation The goal of engineering using models or design is to find a representations. systematic solution to Use evidence (e.g., Construct a scientific Construct and revise an problems that is based on measurements, explanation based on valid explanation based on valid and scientific knowledge and observations, and reliable evidence reliable evidence obtained models of the material patterns) to construct obtained from sources from a variety of sources world. Each proposed or support an (including the students’ (including students’ own solution results from a explanation or design own experiments) and the investigations, models, process of balancing a solution to a assumption that theories theories, simulations, peer competing criteria of problem. and laws that describe the review) and the assumption desired functions, natural world operate that theories and laws that technical feasibility, cost, today as they did in the describe the natural world safety, aesthetics, and past and will continue to do operate today as they did in compliance with legal so in the future. the past and will continue to requirements. The Apply scientific ideas, do so in the future. optimal choice depends principles, and/or evidence Apply scientific ideas, on how well the proposed to construct, revise, and/or principles, and/or evidence to solutions meet criteria use an explanation for provide an explanation of and constraints. phenomena, phenomena and solve design examples, or events. problems, taking into account possible unanticipated effects.
science are explanations and the end-products of engineering are solutions. The goal of science is the construction of theories that provide explanatory accounts of the world. A theory becomes accepted when it has multiple lines of empirical evidence and greater explanatory power of phenomena than previous theories. The goal of engineering design is to find a systematic solution to problems that is based on scientific knowledge and models of the material world. Each proposed solution results from a process of balancing competing criteria of desired functions, technical feasibility, cost, safety, aesthetics, and compliance with legal requirements. The optimal choice depends on how well the proposed solutions meet criteria and constraints. evidence and ideas in constructing accounts of natural phenomena and designing solutions. evidence in constructing explanations that specify variables that describe and predict phenomena and in designing multiple solutions to design problems. solutions supported by multiple sources of evidence consistent with scientific ideas, principles, and theories. student-generated sources of evidence consistent with scientific ideas, principles, and theories. Use information from observations and from media) to construct an evidence-based account for natural phenomena. Construct an explanation of observed relationships (e.g., the distribution of plants in the backyard). Construct an explanation that includes qualitative or quantitative relationships between variables that predict(s) and/or describe(s) phenomena. Construct an explanation using models or representations. Make a quantitative and/or qualitative claim regarding the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Use evidence (e.g., measurements, observations, patterns) to construct or support an explanation or design a solution to a problem. Construct a scientific explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from sources (including the students’ own experiments) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future. Apply scientific ideas, principles, and/or evidence to construct, revise, and/or use an explanation for phenomena, examples, or events. Construct and revise an explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from a variety of sources (including students’ own investigations, models, theories, simulations, peer review) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future. Apply scientific ideas, principles, and/or evidence to provide an explanation of phenomena and solve design problems, taking into account possible unanticipated effects. hand