Summary of Losses in Hybrid PV System ( Valid for a.c bus and d.c. bus ) Table 2 Summary of Losses in a.c Hybrid System Case 2: PV Case 3: PV is Case 4: Case 6: PV Case 1: PV charges battery connected to Grid Generator connected to charges battery via MPPT connect Inverter charges battery Case 5: Generator grid connect with standard controller & and charges & battery supplies AC loads inverter and controller & battery supplies batteries via supplies AC directly supplies AC battery supplies AC loads interactive & loads- Current loads AC loads batteries supply from inverter is directly load specified 1) Cables 1) Battery 1) Cables losses 1) Battery losses 1) Cable losses columbic between the PV columbic between the between the PV Wh of the loads is supplied efficiency losses array to grid efficiency losses PV array to array to MPPT directly by generator when charging connect inverter when charging grid connect (typ <1%) (typ~10%) (typ <1%) (typ~10%) inverter (typ <1%) 2) Grid 2) AC interactive 2) AC interactive connect 2) MPPT 2) Grid connect inverter inverter efficiency inverter efficiency losses inverter efficiency efficiency losses losses efficiency (typ~4-5%) losses (typ~4-5%) (typ~7-12%) losses 3) Cable losses 3) Cable losses between grid between MPPT connect inverter and battery (typ and interactive <1%) inverter and battery (typ <1%)
Summary of Losses in Hybrid PV System ( Valid for a.c bus and d.c. bus ) Table 2 Summary of Losses in a.c Hybrid System Case 1: PV charges battery with standard controller & battery supplies AC loads Case 2: PV charges battery via MPPT controller & battery supplies AC loads Case 3: PV is connected to Grid connect Inverter and charges batteries via interactive & batteries supply load Case 4: Generator charges battery & battery supplies AC loads- Current from inverter is specified Case 5: Generator supplies AC loads directly Case 6: PV connected to grid connect inverter and supplies AC loads directly 1) Battery columbic efficiency losses when charging (typ~10%) 1) Cable losses between the PV array to MPPT (typ <1%) 1) Cables losses between the PV array to grid connect inverter (typ <1%) 1) Battery columbic efficiency losses when charging (typ~10%) Wh of the loads is supplied directly by generator 1) Cables losses between the PV array to grid connect inverter (typ <1%) 2) AC interactive inverter efficiency losses (typ~7-12%) 2) MPPT efficiency losses (typ~4-5%) 2) Grid connect inverter efficiency losses (typ~4-5%) 2) AC interactive inverter efficiency losses 2) Grid connect inverter efficiency losses 3) Cable losses between MPPT and battery (typ <1%) 3) Cable losses between grid connect inverter and interactive inverter and battery (typ <1%)