Cases: TB–patients DM ascertained from Pulmonary TB 264 438 3.43 Wu et al (2007) [] Taiwan January, Chang Gung 75 in 2002 Adjusted for: age, with lower respiratory medical records ascertained by positive (2.16–5.46) Memorial 67 in 2003 sex, tract infection or who sputum culture for Hospital, Keelung 74 in 20042 pneumoconiosis, had been in contact Mycobacterium 2004 bronchiectasis, liver with TB patients tuberculosis cirrhosis, haemodialysis, & Controls: non–TB lung cancer pneumonia patients who did not meet the criteria for TB New Jersey Cases: male DM ascertained by All TB ascertained by 148 290 1.16 Rosenman and USA January, 9.5 Matched by: age aged positive (0.58–2.32) mycobacterium ≥35 Hall, (1996) [] 1985– Department of (±5 years), gender, years who speak culture, or tuberculosis Health May, 1987 & race English, excluding who had a physician HIV positive and/or diagnosis of pulmonary Adjusted for: age, foreign born cases TB with multidrug sex, & race medication Controls: TB-free individuals registered at the New Jersey Department of Health Cross-sectional All TB ascertained by 124,545 1.81 Goldhaber-Fiebert 2002–2003 46 countries General population DM ascertained by 1,744 - Age, sex, BMI, self-reported symptoms (1.37–2.39) et al (2011) [] based on positive schooling in years, of active TB, based on WHO response to the question smoking & length of positive response to two survey "Have you ever been being daily smoker, questions "Over the last diagnosed with diabetes urban and rural 12 months, have you had (high blood glucose)?" residence, at least 1 blood in your phlegm or drink per day, have you coughed number of & "Over blood?" the last household 12 months, have you members, number experienced cough of individuals per lasting over 3 weeks?" room, & SES based on different household’s assets
Wu et al (2007) [] Taiwan January, 2004 Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Cases: TB–patients with lower respiratory tract infection or who had been in contact with TB patients Controls: non–TB pneumonia patients who did not meet the criteria for TB DM ascertained from medical records Pulmonary TB ascertained by positive sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis 264 438 3.43 (2.16–5.46) 75 in 2002 67 in 2003 74 in 20042 Adjusted for: age, sex, pneumoconiosis, bronchiectasis, liver cirrhosis, haemodialysis, & lung cancer Rosenman and Hall, (1996) [] USA January, 1985– May, 1987 New Jersey Department of Health Cases: male aged ≥35 years who speak English, excluding HIV positive and/or foreign born cases Controls: TB-free individuals registered at the New Jersey Department of Health DM ascertained by All TB ascertained by positive mycobacterium tuberculosis culture, or who had a physician diagnosis of pulmonary TB with multidrug medication 148 290 1.16 (0.58–2.32) 9.5 Matched by: age (±5 years), gender, & race Adjusted for: age, sex, & race Cross-sectional Goldhaber-Fiebert et al (2011) [] WHO survey 2002–2003 46 countries General population DM ascertained by based on positive response to the question "Have you ever been diagnosed with diabetes (high blood glucose)?" All TB ascertained by self-reported symptoms of active TB, based on positive response to two questions "Over the last 12 months, have you had blood in your phlegm or have you coughed blood?" & "Over the last 12 months, have you experienced cough lasting over 3 weeks?" 124,545 1,744 1.81 (1.37–2.39) - Age, sex, BMI, schooling in years, smoking & length of being daily smoker, urban and rural residence, at least 1 drink per day, number of household members, number of individuals per room, & SES based on different household’s assets