High housing costs Targeted the Southern Pacific Inadequate Health Care (1/5 Railroad, a corporation that uninsured) owned 1/5 of all non-public land Competitive higher education Against the “Big Four”: Crocker, Conservative: cut taxes and privatize Stanford, Huntington, Hopkins services moderate The Twentieth Century, Californian gov’t Liberal: promote social equality modified Style in global economy Depression and Dust Bowl HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT Repatriation of Mexican deportees Tong-Va Native American Indians Mexican Braceros (temporary The Spanish Era: 1542-1822 workers) Conquistadores built 22 missions Inflation Disease, slavery and brutality Recession Mexican Dominance 1821-1848 Gubernatorial recall election of Manifest Destiny: settlers began 2003 arriving Scapegoating in CA History Mexican War in 1846 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Constitution California’s Hidalgo Separation of Powers protection for the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary language, culture and People share in law-making process property of the through initiatives Californios The process by which citizens Ranchos of the Californios were can propose a state or local law soon grabbed by immigrants or amendment to the state (mostly Anglos) constitution by signing a formal HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT CONT. petition asking that it be Americanization and Statehood: submitted as a ballot proposition for voter approval. Amending the state constitution Gold Rush &“Forty-Niners” Compromise of 1850 1) Amendments may be proposed California admitted as a either by two-thirds vote in both houses of the legislature or by an “free state” 31st State into Union initiative petition signed by 8% of Consolidating Power: 1850-1902 the number of voters who voted in Growth the last election for governor Diversity 2) The proposed amendment must Scapegoat (Chinese) appear as a proposition on the 1879, current state constitution ballot and must be approved by a replaced old one majority of voters 2 Types of Discrimination Over 500 amendments since 1879 De Jure Discrimination The Governor Leads the California Within the Law Executive Branch De Facto Discrimination California Executive Branch Based on social, economical and Under the leadership of the Governor, the religious prejudice Executive Branch is responsible for In Practice administering laws HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT enforcing the laws CONT. In practice, the Executive Branch works closely The Progressive Legacy: 1902-1919 with the Early 20th Century movement Legislative Branch in shaping proposed Fight corruption legislation. Officials in the Executive Branch are publicly
High housing costs Inadequate Health Care (1/5 uninsured) Competitive higher education Conservative: cut taxes and privatize gov’t services moderate Liberal: promote social equality modified in global economy HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT Tong-Va Native American Indians The Spanish Era: 1542-1822 Conquistadores built 22 missions Disease, slavery and brutality Mexican Dominance 1821-1848 Manifest Destiny: settlers began arriving Mexican War in 1846 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo protection for the language, culture and property of the Californios Ranchos of the Californios were soon grabbed by immigrants (mostly Anglos) HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT CONT. Americanization and Statehood: Gold Rush &“Forty-Niners” Compromise of 1850 California admitted as a “free state” 31st State into Union Consolidating Power: 1850-1902 Growth Diversity Scapegoat (Chinese) 1879, current state constitution replaced old one 2 Types of Discrimination De Jure Discrimination Within the Law De Facto Discrimination Based on social, economical and religious prejudice In Practice HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT CONT. The Progressive Legacy: 1902-1919 Early 20th Century movement Fight corruption Targeted the Southern Pacific Railroad, a corporation that owned 1/5 of all non-public land Against the “Big Four”: Crocker, Stanford, Huntington, Hopkins The Twentieth Century, Californian Style Depression and Dust Bowl Repatriation of Mexican deportees Mexican Braceros (temporary workers) Inflation Recession Gubernatorial recall election of 2003 Scapegoating in CA History California’s Constitution Separation of Powers Legislative, Executive and Judiciary People share in law-making process through initiatives The process by which citizens can propose a state or local law or amendment to the state constitution by signing a formal petition asking that it be submitted as a ballot proposition for voter approval. Amending the state constitution 1) Amendments may be proposed either by two-thirds vote in both houses of the legislature or by an initiative petition signed by 8% of the number of voters who voted in the last election for governor 2) The proposed amendment must appear as a proposition on the ballot and must be approved by a majority of voters Over 500 amendments since 1879 The Governor Leads the California Executive Branch California Executive Branch Under the leadership of the Governor, the Executive Branch is responsible for administering laws enforcing the laws In practice, the Executive Branch works closely with the Legislative Branch in shaping proposed legislation. Officials in the Executive Branch are publicly