A description of buildings that are designed to withstand the shaking during Aseismic an earthquake. Powdered rock fragments thrown from a volcano during an explosive Ash cloud eruption. A huge hollow in the surface caused by the collapse of a volcano earth’s Caldera after a massive eruption. The ability of a group of people to withstand a natural disaster such as an Capacity earthquake or lahar. Capacity is the opposite of vulnerability. A volcanic hill that is conical in shape. A cinder cone is formed by the Cinder cone eruption of red hot lava that is thrown from the vent. Constructive (plate A boundary between two plates of the Earth's crust which are moving away margin) from one another. Divergence zone has the same meaning. Crust The outer layer of the Earth which is made of solid rock. Destructive (plate A boundary between two plates of the Earth's crust which are moving margin) towards one another. See constructive for the opposite type of boundary. A boundary between two plates of the Earth's crust which are moving away Divergence zones from one another. Constructive plate boundary has the same meaning. Large mountain ranges that have been formed by folding as two tectonic Fold mountains plates collide into one another. Hazard map A map or plan that shows areas at risk of volcanic or earthquake hazards. A group of islands formed by the eruption of volcanoes. When viewed from Island arc space the islands make a crescent (or arc) shape in the sea. An Indonesian word that describes a flood of water and volcanic ash or a Lahar mudslide down the slope of a volcano. Features formed as molten rock (lava) runs away from a volcanic vent. Lava Lava flows flows often form large flat features known as lava fields. A natural tunnel through solidified volcanic rocks that is formed when hot lava Lava tube flows just below the surface of the ground. Molten, or semi-molten, rock that is stored beneath the surface of the Earth Magma in, for example, a magma chamber beneath a volcano. Moment magnitude A measure of the strength of an earthquake. scale (Mw) Long chains of mountains that run down the centre of several oceans. Ocean ridge Oceanic ridges are formed by the process of plate divergence. Long, deep gorges in the ocean floor. Oceanic trenches are formed by the Ocean trench flexing of the oceanic plate during the process of subduction.
Aseismic A description of buildings that are designed to withstand the shaking during an earthquake. Ash cloud Powdered rock fragments thrown from a volcano during an explosive eruption. Caldera A huge hollow in the earth’s surface caused by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption. Capacity The ability of a group of people to withstand a natural disaster such as an earthquake or lahar. Capacity is the opposite of vulnerability. Cinder cone A volcanic hill that is conical in shape. A cinder cone is formed by the eruption of red hot lava that is thrown from the vent. Constructive (plate margin) A boundary between two plates of the Earth's crust which are moving away from one another. Divergence zone has the same meaning. Crust The outer layer of the Earth which is made of solid rock. Destructive (plate margin) A boundary between two plates of the Earth's crust which are moving towards one another. See constructive for the opposite type of boundary. Divergence zones A boundary between two plates of the Earth's crust which are moving away from one another. Constructive plate boundary has the same meaning. Fold mountains Large mountain ranges that have been formed by folding as two tectonic plates collide into one another. Hazard map A map or plan that shows areas at risk of volcanic or earthquake hazards. Island arc A group of islands formed by the eruption of volcanoes. When viewed from space the islands make a crescent (or arc) shape in the sea. Lahar An Indonesian word that describes a flood of water and volcanic ash or a mudslide down the slope of a volcano. Lava flows Features formed as molten rock (lava) runs away from a volcanic vent. Lava flows often form large flat features known as lava fields. Lava tube A natural tunnel through solidified volcanic rocks that is formed when hot lava flows just below the surface of the ground. Magma Molten, or semi-molten, rock that is stored beneath the surface of the Earth in, for example, a magma chamber beneath a volcano. Moment magnitude scale (Mw) A measure of the strength of an earthquake. Ocean ridge Long chains of mountains that run down the centre of several oceans. Oceanic ridges are formed by the process of plate divergence. Ocean trench Long, deep gorges in the ocean floor. Oceanic trenches are formed by the flexing of the oceanic plate during the process of subduction.