Seeking help N = Study 1 = Study 1 = presence of MH Not Questionnaires. Study 1 = 75% prompted by Those who sought No Emotional Vogel, D. L., Wade, from a mental 780, Study 2 = problem, help seeking stated Frequency others to seek help. 26% help were prompted separation of Intimacy health 746 previously, Disclosure analysis women prompted, only 13% to 74-78% of the statistics for N. G., professional: expectations scale, Social men. Study 2 = 27% time. men and Wester, S. R., Larson, the influence No age but norm measure. Study 2 = prompted to seek help. 47% women of one's social college year disclosure expectations referred by mum, 5% from L., & network shown scale, attitudes toward dad. Hackler, seeking professional A. H. Gender males psychological help scale, (2007) – and females intentions to seek counselling inventory Sexuality not given Referring men structural N = 216 RE and RABBM subscales Not Structural GRC and stigma explains Men in traditional Self-report. Emotional Vogel, D. L., Wester, to seek help: modelling of the Gender Role Conflict stated modelling. 45% variance in willingness gender roles deter No mention Intimacy the influence Age - m = 19.87 Scare-short form, perceived to refer. psychological issues of measures S. R., of gender role devaluation-discrimination as they want to fix for sample Reciprocity Hammer, J. H., and conflict and Gender males scale, discussing other's problems without having – stigma concerns inventory. help and withhold mental Sexuality not emotional health given expression and problems T. M. discourage them (2013) referring other men. Increased restrictive affectionate behaviour between men = more stigma of help seeking. Increased Restricted emotionality increased willingness to talk and reduced stigma
Vogel, D. L., Wade, N. G., Wester, S. R., Larson, L., & Hackler, A. H. (2007) Seeking help from a mental health professional: the influence of one's social network N = Study 1 = 780, Study 2 = 746 No age but college year shown Gender – males and females Sexuality not given Study 1 = presence of MH problem, help seeking previously, Disclosure expectations scale, Social norm measure. Study 2 = disclosure expectations scale, attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help scale, intentions to seek counselling inventory Not stated Questionnaires. Frequency analysis Study 1 = 75% prompted by others to seek help. 26% women prompted, only 13% men. Study 2 = 27% prompted to seek help. 47% referred by mum, 5% from dad. Those who sought help were prompted to 74-78% of the time. No separation of statistics for men and women Emotional Intimacy Vogel, D. L., Wester, S. R., Hammer, J. H., and T. M. (2013) Referring men to seek help: the influence of gender role conflict and stigma structural modelling N = 216 Age - m = 19.87 Gender – males Sexuality not given RE and RABBM subscales of the Gender Role Conflict Scare-short form, perceived devaluation-discrimination scale, discussing other's concerns inventory. Not stated Structural modelling. GRC and stigma explains 45% variance in willingness to refer. Men in traditional gender roles deter psychological issues as they want to fix problems without help and withhold emotional expression and discourage them referring other men. Increased restrictive affectionate behaviour between men = more stigma of help seeking. Increased Restricted emotionality increased willingness to talk and reduced stigma Self-report. No mention of measures for sample having mental health problems Emotional Intimacy Reciprocity