Table 3 continued Gender role Measure / Coping Stressful Scoring Measure Author Population Situation Statistical Analysis Key findings Statistics procedure (Dependent investigated (Independent Variable) Variable) New mothers Demands of BSRI / WCCL Univariate ANOVAs Fem. (M= 4.25) women and andr. (M = Levy-Shiff (first child 3 mothering Median-split Group × Coping 3.98) used support seeking more than 88) = 17.99, < .0001 F(2, p – & Perl 5 months strategies masc. (M= 2.60). (2000) earlier) Masc. women (M = 4.39) used 88) = 5.23, < .01 F(2, p coping more than fem. (M = 3.85). Fem. women (M = 3.20) used 88) = 9.62, < .001 F(2, p more than masc. (M = 2.20) . Gianakos Undergraduate None BSRI / Latack ANOVA Significant main effect for: (2000) students also specified Median-split Coping Gender role group x help-seeking 172) = 4.57, = .004 F(3, p employed Scales Coping positive thinking 172) = 5.28, = .002 F(3, p direct action 172) = 5.61, = .001 F(3, p * Und. significantly less likely to seek help Post hoc Scheffe tests (p =.01), think positively (p = .01) or act directly (p = .031), compared to andr. Individuals. Und. individuals less likely to think positively (p = .30) or act directly (p = .01) compared to fem. individuals Und. individuals less likely to think positively (p = .20) compared to masc. individuals. * indicates full statistics not reported in the study. Andr. = Androgynous, Masc. = Masculine, Fem. = Feminine, Und. = Undifferentiated. Note.
Table 3 continued Author Population Stressful Situation investigated Gender role Measure / Scoring procedure (Independent Variable) Coping Measure (Dependent Variable) Statistical Analysis Key findings Statistics Levy-Shiff & Perl (2000) New mothers (first child 3 – 5 months earlier) Demands of mothering BSRI / Median-split WCCL Univariate ANOVAs Group × Coping strategies Fem. (M= 4.25) women and andr. (M = 3.98) used support seeking more than masc. (M= 2.60). Masc. women (M = 4.39) used coping more than fem. (M = 3.85). Fem. women (M = 3.20) used more than masc. (M = 2.20) . F(2, 88) = 17.99, p < .0001 F(2, 88) = 5.23, p < .01 F(2, 88) = 9.62, p < .001 Gianakos (2000) Undergraduate students also employed None specified BSRI / Median-split Latack Coping Scales ANOVA Gender role group x Coping Post hoc Scheffe tests Significant main effect for: help-seeking positive thinking direct action Und. significantly less likely to seek help (p =.01), think positively (p = .01) or act directly (p = .031), compared to andr. Individuals. Und. individuals less likely to think positively (p = .30) or act directly (p = .01) compared to fem. individuals Und. individuals less likely to think positively (p = .20) compared to masc. individuals. F(3, 172) = 4.57, p = .004 F(3, 172) = 5.28, p = .002 F(3, 172) = 5.61, p = .001 * Note. * indicates full statistics not reported in the study. Andr. = Androgynous, Masc. = Masculine, Fem. = Feminine, Und. = Undifferentiated.