Constitutional Impact -Why is this a Landmark Year Name of Case Essential Question of Case Principle(s) Outcome - Decision Case? Marbury’s rights had been violated under the Judiciary Act, This case established the power of How did the Supreme Court but the Court could not force the judicial review for the Supreme Court Marbury v. establish its power of judicial president to give him the and made it the final authority when it 1803 Madison review? Judicial Review appointment came to the Constitution. U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Sixth Does everyone have the right to a The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Amendment right that all defendants Gideon v. lawyer even if they cannot afford favor of Gideon in a unanimous must be appointed a lawyer if they 1963 Wainwright one? 6th Amendment decision. cannot afford their own attorney. Does the police practice of questioning individuals without notifying them of their right to a lawyer and their protection U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Fifth against self-incrimination violate 5th and 6th In a 5-4 opinion, the Supreme Amendment protection from 1966 Miranda v. Arizona the Fifth Amendment? Amendment Court ruled in favor of Miranda. (Miranda Warnings) In an 8-1 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that Gault’s Due Do juveniles have the same Process and Fourteenth U.S. Supreme Court determined that Constitutional rights and 5th, 6th, 14th Amendment rights had been juveniles must be provided the same 1966 In re Gault protections as adults? Amendment, violated. due process rights as adults. Does a ban against the wearing of U.S. Supreme Court upheld a student’s armbands in public school, as a First Amendment right to engage in form of symbolic protest, violate In a 7-2 decision, the Supreme symbolic speech in school as long as it Tinker v. Des the First Amendment's freedom 1st Amendment: Court ruled in favor of the does not cause a major disruption to 1968 Moines of speech protections? Speech Tinkers. the learning environment. U.S. Supreme Court determined that the First Amendment does not protect Did the principal's deletion of the all types of student speech in school. articles violate the students' Schools have the right to censor Hazelwood v. rights under the First 1st Amendment: The Supreme Court ruled against material produced by students during 1987 Kuhlmeier Amendment? Press the students in a 5-3 decision. school.
Year Name of Case Essential Question of Case Constitutional Principle(s) Outcome - Decision Impact -Why is this a Landmark Case? 1803 Marbury v. Madison How did the Supreme Court establish its power of judicial review? Judicial Review Marbury’s rights had been violated under the Judiciary Act, but the Court could not force the president to give him the appointment This case established the power of judicial review for the Supreme Court and made it the final authority when it came to the Constitution. 1963 Gideon v. Wainwright Does everyone have the right to a lawyer even if they cannot afford one? 6th Amendment The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of Gideon in a unanimous decision. U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Sixth Amendment right that all defendants must be appointed a lawyer if they cannot afford their own attorney. 1966 Miranda v. Arizona Does the police practice of questioning individuals without notifying them of their right to a lawyer and their protection against self-incrimination violate the Fifth Amendment? 5th and 6th Amendment In a 5-4 opinion, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Miranda. U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Fifth Amendment protection from (Miranda Warnings) 1966 In re Gault Do juveniles have the same Constitutional rights and protections as adults? 5th, 6th, 14th Amendment, In an 8-1 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that Gault’s Due Process and Fourteenth Amendment rights had been violated. U.S. Supreme Court determined that juveniles must be provided the same due process rights as adults. 1968 Tinker v. Des Moines Does a ban against the wearing of armbands in public school, as a form of symbolic protest, violate the First Amendment's freedom of speech protections? 1st Amendment: Speech In a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Tinkers. U.S. Supreme Court upheld a student’s First Amendment right to engage in symbolic speech in school as long as it does not cause a major disruption to the learning environment. 1987 Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier Did the principal's deletion of the articles violate the students' rights under the First Amendment? 1st Amendment: Press The Supreme Court ruled against the students in a 5-3 decision. U.S. Supreme Court determined that the First Amendment does not protect all types of student speech in school. Schools have the right to censor material produced by students during school.