(7) Gewirtz et 181 women; 34 Baseline PCL; APQ-9; Deployed mothers al., 2014 deployed mothers measure part of PLOC; BERS-2 reported and 147 the ADAPT greater mothers evaluation distress; more PTSD who had experience and depression of a symptoms, and partner/spouse. more in emotion regulation than non-deployed; deployed and mothers did not differ in their reports of couple adjustment, parenting, or child behavior. (8) Herzog et 54 Army National PCL-M; STS; Parental PTSD al., 2011 Guard service HITS; RAFFT; symptoms members and their observational CBCL associated with spouses/partners single cohort internalizing – but design that not externalizing – included a problems in survey children in this study. Spouse secondary PTSD symptoms mediated between soldier PTSD symptoms and child secondary traumatic stress symptom (9) Khaylis et 36 Army National Cross-sectional PC-PTSD; Parents reported al., 2011 Guard Soldiers with Parenting being concerned children who had concern and about their been previously parenting stress practices deployed to OEF or assessed by and felt that OIF parents’ 1 item parenting was more self-rating stressful after deployment. (10) Lester et 272 children aged Cross-sectional Child: CBCL, CDI, Active duty parent al., 2010 from 171 United MASC Parent: PTSD symptoms States Army and BSI, PDS, PCL-M predicted child Marine families depression, as well
(7) Gewirtz et al., 2014 181 women; 34 deployed mothers and 147 mothers who had experience of a partner/spouse. Baseline measure part of the ADAPT evaluation PCL; APQ-9; PLOC; BERS-2 Deployed mothers reported greater distress; more PTSD and depression symptoms, and more in emotion regulation than non-deployed; deployed and mothers did not differ in their reports of couple adjustment, parenting, or child behavior. (8) Herzog et al., 2011 54 Army National Guard service members and their spouses/partners observational single cohort design that included a survey PCL-M; STS; HITS; RAFFT; CBCL Parental PTSD symptoms associated with internalizing – but not externalizing – problems in children in this study. Spouse secondary PTSD symptoms mediated between soldier PTSD symptoms and child secondary traumatic stress symptom (9) Khaylis et al., 2011 36 Army National Guard Soldiers with children who had been previously deployed to OEF or OIF Cross-sectional PC-PTSD; Parenting concern and parenting stress assessed by parents’ 1 item self-rating Parents reported being concerned about their practices and felt that parenting was more stressful after deployment. (10) Lester et al., 2010 272 children aged from 171 United States Army and Marine families Cross-sectional Child: CBCL, CDI, MASC Parent: BSI, PDS, PCL-M Active duty parent PTSD symptoms predicted child depression, as well