{Ocean temperatures are increasing more slowly than land temperatures because oceans have more heat capacity and because evaporation cools the water.} +a) true -b) false {The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made} +a) true -b) false {How is the validity of a computer model typically tested?} -a) by making predictions about future years and seeing if they come true. -b) by verifying its ability to calculate past climate conditions. +c) all of these are true -d) by verifying its ability to calculate current climate conditions. {No direct method exists that permits an independent measurement of the heat content of the oceans, other than the fact that the air is warming} -a) true +b) false { in 2013, the IPCC stated that the largest driver of global warming is carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Other important sources of CO2 are} -a) cement production and waste disposal -b) population growth and waste disposal +c) cement production and land use changes -d) population growth {In the twentieth century, the rate of earth's average temperature rise was closest to} -a) 0.7 &deg;C per year +b) 0.7 &deg;C per century -c) 0.7 &deg;C per decade
{Ocean temperatures are increasing more slowly than land temperatures because oceans have more heat capacity and because evaporation cools the water.} +a) true -b) false {The distinction between the urban heat island effect and land use changes is that the latter involves the earth's average temperature while the former involves only the temperature near weather stations where the measurements are made} +a) true -b) false {How is the validity of a computer model typically tested?} -a) by making predictions about future years and seeing if they come true. -b) by verifying its ability to calculate past climate conditions. +c) all of these are true -d) by verifying its ability to calculate current climate conditions. {No direct method exists that permits an independent measurement of the heat content of the oceans, other than the fact that the air is warming} -a) true +b) false { in 2013, the IPCC stated that the largest driver of global warming is carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Other important sources of CO2 are} -a) cement production and waste disposal -b) population growth and waste disposal +c) cement production and land use changes -d) population growth {In the twentieth century, the rate of earth's average temperature rise was closest to} -a) 0.7 &deg;C per year +b) 0.7 &deg;C per century -c) 0.7 &deg;C per decade