All TB by smear and/or 33,146 228 Age, sex, Moran-Mendoza Canada 1990–2000 General Contacts of active TB DM ascertained from HR: 1.76 72 culture positive for tubercle malignancy, et al (2010) [] population in cases recorded at the databases, but (0.54–5.75) bacilli, histopathological corticosteroids, British Columbia Division of TB control unclear which diagnosis, or clinical and alcohol, at the British Columbia databases radiological diagnosis of malnutrition, Center for Diseases active TB, with complete closeness of TB Control, excluding treatment response, when contact, TST size contacts of HIV smears and cultures were in millimeter, infection cases or negative intravenous drug previous active TB use, ethnicity, cases SES, recent arrival from country with high TB prevalence, in prisons, nursing homes or homeless shelters, chest compatible with previous TB, & previous BCG vaccination. Adjustment was done with robust variance estimation Baker et al (2012) Taiwan August, 2001– General Taiwanese adults aged Treated DM All TB ascertained if all of 17,715 57 HR: 2.60 73 Age, sex, income, [] population ≥12 years interviewed ascertained by ≥2 the following criteria (1.34–5.03) employment, 2004 during the Taiwan’s outpatient ICD–9–CM reported in NHIS database: alcohol use, 2001 National Health codes for DM, ≥1 ≥1 medical visit during the education, BMI, Interview Survey inpatient ICD–9–CM follow-up period with an living in a crowded (NHIS) code for DM, or ICD–9–CM code for TB home, prescription of (codes 010–018); a receipt of medications for prescription for ≥2 anti-TB government ≥28 days during the medications for >28 days subsidy, residence study period or ≥2 during the study period; and in an indigenous prescriptions no finding of a misdiagnosis community, of TB during the study hypertension, period on the basis of later heart disease, & diagnosis of non-TB lung disease mycobacterial infection, lung cancer, or TB infection without evidence of disease
Moran-Mendoza et al (2010) [] Canada 1990–2000 General population in British Columbia Contacts of active TB cases recorded at the Division of TB control at the British Columbia Center for Diseases Control, excluding contacts of HIV infection cases or previous active TB cases DM ascertained from databases, but unclear which databases All TB by smear and/or culture positive for tubercle bacilli, histopathological diagnosis, or clinical and radiological diagnosis of active TB, with complete treatment response, when smears and cultures were negative 33,146 228 HR: 1.76 (0.54–5.75) 72 Age, sex, malignancy, corticosteroids, alcohol, malnutrition, closeness of TB contact, TST size in millimeter, intravenous drug use, ethnicity, SES, recent arrival from country with high TB prevalence, in prisons, nursing homes or homeless shelters, chest compatible with previous TB, & previous BCG vaccination. Adjustment was done with robust variance estimation Baker et al (2012) [] Taiwan August, 2004 General population Taiwanese adults aged ≥12 years interviewed during the Taiwan’s 2001 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Treated DM ascertained by ≥2 outpatient ICD–9–CM codes for DM, ≥1 inpatient ICD–9–CM code for DM, or prescription of medications for ≥28 days during the study period or ≥2 prescriptions All TB ascertained if all of the following criteria reported in NHIS database: ≥1 medical visit during the follow-up period with an ICD–9–CM code for TB (codes 010–018); a prescription for ≥2 anti-TB medications for >28 days during the study period; and no finding of a misdiagnosis of TB during the study period on the basis of later diagnosis of non-TB mycobacterial infection, lung cancer, or TB infection without evidence of disease 17,715 57 HR: 2.60 (1.34–5.03) 73 Age, sex, income, employment, alcohol use, education, BMI, living in a crowded home, receipt of government subsidy, residence in an indigenous community, hypertension, heart disease, & lung disease 2001–