Commuter patterns for case study towns: Town % regular Number of Time to drive to Time on train to Cost of train to commuters commuters nearest core city nearest core city nearest core city from one LA to another National 11,260,336 £36.20 Berwick 11% 1097 1hr30mins to 48 mins to Newcastle to Newcastle £35 upon Tweed Newcastle and 1 hr and 43 mins to and to Edinburgh 13mins to Edinburgh Edinburgh £10.90 Todmorden 33% 2959 41 mins to Leeds, 42 1 hour to Leeds 26 to Leeds, £11.20 mins to Manchester mins to Manchester to Manchester. £11.80 Frodsham 74% 5579 42 mins to 51 mins to Manchester to Manchester £8.70 Manchester and 30 and 1 hr 15 mins to and to Liverpool mins to Liverpool Liverpool £44.30 Kendal 18% 3971 Leeds 1:34 Leeds 2:39 Leeds £19.10 Manchester 1:16 Manchester 1:37 Manchester £21.60 Liverpool 1:21 Liverpool 1:56 Liverpool £16.20 Carlisle 51mins Carlisle 57mins Carlisle £46.50 Newcastle 1:46 Newcastle 2:47 Newcastle The majority of private sector businesses are not registered for VAT or PAYE. In 2014 there were 2.3 million businesses registered for VAT or PAYE accounting for 43% of the total population with 76% of businesses being non-employers. There was an estimated 3 million unregistered businesses in England at the start of 2014 according to Government figures. London and the South East have the highest business density rates with the North East having the lowest business density rate with 701 businesses per 10,000 adults. On this basis Berwick upon Tweed probably has around 800 businesses. Frodsham’s business database shows around 1200 with over 400 being home based sole traders. Additional data is required for Todmorden and Kendal. According to the 2011 Census data Kendal had above average employment levels, whilst Todmorden had above average self employment levels. In addition, 30% of households in Todmorden did not have a car:
Commuter patterns for case study towns: Town % regular commuters Number of commuters from one LA to another Time to drive to nearest core city Time on train to nearest core city Cost of train to nearest core city National 11,260,336 Berwick upon Tweed 11% 1097 1hr30mins to Newcastle and 1 hr 13mins to Edinburgh 48 mins to Newcastle and 43 mins to Edinburgh £36.20 to Newcastle and £35 to Edinburgh Todmorden 33% 2959 41 mins to Leeds, 42 mins to Manchester 1 hour to Leeds 26 mins to Manchester £10.90 to Leeds, £11.20 to Manchester. Frodsham 74% 5579 42 mins to Manchester and 30 mins to Liverpool 51 mins to Manchester and 1 hr 15 mins to Liverpool £11.80 to Manchester and £8.70 to Liverpool Kendal 18% 3971 Leeds 1:34 Manchester 1:16 Liverpool 1:21 Carlisle 51mins Newcastle 1:46 Leeds 2:39 Manchester 1:37 Liverpool 1:56 Carlisle 57mins Newcastle 2:47 Leeds £44.30 Manchester £19.10 Liverpool £21.60 Carlisle £16.20 Newcastle £46.50 The majority of private sector businesses are not registered for VAT or PAYE. In 2014 there were 2.3 million businesses registered for VAT or PAYE accounting for 43% of the total population with 76% of businesses being non-employers. There was an estimated 3 million unregistered businesses in England at the start of 2014 according to Government figures. London and the South East have the highest business density rates with the North East having the lowest business density rate with 701 businesses per 10,000 adults. On this basis Berwick upon Tweed probably has around 800 businesses. Frodsham’s business database shows around 1200 with over 400 being home based sole traders. Additional data is required for Todmorden and Kendal. According to the 2011 Census data Kendal had above average employment levels, whilst Todmorden had above average self employment levels. In addition, 30% of households in Todmorden did not have a car: