Supplemental Digital Content TABLE 3: INCOME INEQUALITY Construct Indicators Data Source Coefficient of The standard deviation of household income within the very small area (VSA) divided by the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS- variation69 mean household income Census Data) Economic Gini Index U.S. Census inequality70, 71 Income Gini coefficient U.S. Census; Deininger and Squire (1996) inequality62, 72, database; National Center for Health 73 Statistics data Income Income inequality between racial/ ethnic groups: ratio of white to African American income, U.S. Census inequality74 ratio white to Latino income (log transformed); Within-group income inequality: Gini coefficient for family income for each racial/ethnic group, multiplied by the proportion of the tract comprised by each group, and summed Index of Number of affluent families (income >$50,000/year) minus the number of poor families U.S. Census concentration at (families below the poverty line) divided by the total number of families the extremes75
Supplemental Digital Content TABLE 3: INCOME INEQUALITY Construct Indicators Data Source Coefficient of variation69 The standard deviation of household income within the very small area (VSA) divided by the mean household income National Health Interview Survey (NHIS- Census Data) Economic inequality70, 71 Gini Index U.S. Census Income inequality62, 72, 73 Gini coefficient U.S. Census; Deininger and Squire (1996) database; National Center for Health Statistics data Income inequality74 Income inequality between racial/ ethnic groups: ratio of white to African American income, ratio white to Latino income (log transformed); Within-group income inequality: Gini coefficient for family income for each racial/ethnic group, multiplied by the proportion of the tract comprised by each group, and summed U.S. Census Index of concentration at the extremes75 Number of affluent families (income >$50,000/year) minus the number of poor families (families below the poverty line) divided by the total number of families U.S. Census