Sovereignty over the entire territorial sea Art 2(2) extends the sovereignty over the seabed and subsoil Art 49—Archipelagic Waters Seabed and subsoil Regardless of depth or distance from the coast Art 56 EEZ – Sovereign rights over natural resources Jurisdiction over artificial islands, etc Due regard Part VI Marine Scientific Research Art 76 Continental Shelf – Sovereign rights over resources Rights are exclusive Note also articles 79, 81, 82, 85 International Jurisdiction Res Communis: resources can be used by any State but not State could gain an exclusive title to any part of the area Res Nullius: title could have been gained to areas of the sea bed by their occupation through use, so that mining States would have become owners of parcels of the ocean floor and not simply of the resources recovered from them US Objections to Part XI No guaranteed seat on the Council Voting rules (Art 159) Amendment provisions Revenue sharing Mandatory technology transfer The enterprise versus Commercial Production limitations Payments Implementing Agreement “Fixes” Guaranteed US Seat on the Council November 98 Deadline Guaranteed US Seat on Finance Committee November 98 Deadline technology transfer Eliminated ‘mandatory’ Access first-come, first-served US veto over revenue distribution International Law of Fisheries (Ch. 14) Harmful Fishing Practices Overuse or overfishing, Non-selectivity, Destructive Fishing, Destructive Methods (Poison, Explosives, Muroami: pound/destroy coral to scare fish out) Issues in Fishery Management Tragedy of the Commons Conservation Access Management Authority
Sovereignty over the entire territorial sea Art 2(2) extends the sovereignty over the seabed and subsoil Art 49—Archipelagic Waters Seabed and subsoil Regardless of depth or distance from the coast Art 56 – EEZ Sovereign rights over natural resources Jurisdiction over artificial islands, etc Due regard Part VI Marine Scientific Research Art 76 – Continental Shelf Sovereign rights over resources Rights are exclusive Note also articles 79, 81, 82, 85 International Jurisdiction Res Communis: resources can be used by any State but not State could gain an exclusive title to any part of the area Res Nullius: title could have been gained to areas of the sea bed by their occupation through use, so that mining States would have become owners of parcels of the ocean floor and not simply of the resources recovered from them US Objections to Part XI No guaranteed seat on the Council Voting rules (Art 159) Amendment provisions Revenue sharing Mandatory technology transfer The enterprise versus Commercial Production limitations Payments Implementing Agreement “Fixes” Guaranteed US Seat on the Council November 98 Deadline Guaranteed US Seat on Finance Committee November 98 Deadline Eliminated ‘mandatory’ technology transfer Access first-come, first-served US veto over revenue distribution International Law of Fisheries (Ch. 14) Harmful Fishing Practices Overuse or overfishing, Non-selectivity, Destructive Fishing, Destructive Methods (Poison, Explosives, Muroami: pound/destroy coral to scare fish out) Issues in Fishery Management Tragedy of the Commons Conservation Access Management Authority