among old (influenced by recognised by men. Want them ostracized or diagnosed Control Han, C., Oliffe, J. depressed grounded reciprocity, others can lose personal with men Gender males theory) restrict or broaden help identity. Men take depression - Reciprocity L., – interview self-management, the risk to gain self sampling (2014) 84.62% of sample losing identity and control. control and report group. identified as Positive support increases that positive heterosexual help seeking feedback helps them help seek Masculinity, N = 581 Fear of intimacy scale Not Regression Traditional masculine Alexithymia and Self-report, Emotional Sullivan, L., Camic, alexithymia, normative male alexithymia stated analysis ideology negatively low education sig self-selecting Intimacy and fear of online Age scale online correlated with help seeking, associated with sample. P. M., –18-over-65 Brown, J. intimacy as survey years old male role attitudes scale survey normative alexithymia attitudes to seeking Depression S. L. predictors of attitudes towards seeking negatively correlated with help. Greater fear of level not UK men's Gender males professional psychological help intimacy correlated stated. Men (2014) – attitudes help scale with negative who towards 86% of sample attitudes. Fully identified as seeking identified as mediated by male homosexual professional heterosexual alexithymia. included in psychological Psychological sample. help interaction uncomfortable for men who struggle with intimacy and expressing emotions Vogel, D. "boys don't N = 4773 conformity to masculine Not Correlation and masculinity norms Men with higher Men Emotional L., cry": norms inventory stated ANOVA, correlated with self-stigma endorsement of identifying Intimacy Examination Age - 18-79 years Self-stigma of help mediation Questionnaire dominant masculine as of the links old scale model beliefs have less homosexual between Attitudes towards seeking favourable attitudes included in endorsement Gender males professional psychological towards seeking sample; S. R., – Hammer, of masculine help scale help mediated by although norms, 84.2% of sample Centre for epidemiological self-stigmatisation. differences J. H., Hubbard, and identified as studies depression scale in results help-seeking heterosexual discussed A. (2011) attitudes for men from diverse backgrounds
Han, C., Oliffe, J. L., (2014) among depressed men old Gender – males 84.62% of sample identified as heterosexual (influenced by grounded theory) interview recognised by men. Want reciprocity, others can restrict or broaden help self-management, losing identity and control. Positive support increases help seeking them ostracized or lose personal identity. Men take the risk to gain control and report that positive feedback helps them help seek diagnosed with depression - self sampling group. Control Reciprocity Sullivan, L., Camic, P. M., Brown, J. S. L. (2014) Masculinity, alexithymia, and fear of intimacy as predictors of UK men's attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help online survey N = 581 Age –18-over-65 years old Gender – males 86% of sample identified as heterosexual Fear of intimacy scale normative male alexithymia scale male role attitudes scale attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help scale Not stated Regression analysis online survey Traditional masculine ideology negatively correlated with help seeking, normative alexithymia negatively correlated with help Alexithymia and low education sig associated with attitudes to seeking help. Greater fear of intimacy correlated with negative attitudes. Fully mediated by male alexithymia. Psychological interaction uncomfortable for men who struggle with intimacy and expressing emotions Self-report, self-selecting sample. Depression level not stated. Men who identified as homosexual included in sample. Emotional Intimacy Vogel, D. L., S. R., Hammer, J. H., Hubbard, A. (2011) "boys don't cry": Examination of the links between endorsement of masculine norms, and help-seeking attitudes for men from diverse backgrounds N = 4773 Age - 18-79 years old Gender – males 84.2% of sample identified as heterosexual conformity to masculine norms inventory Self-stigma of help scale Attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help scale Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale Not stated Correlation and ANOVA, mediation model masculinity norms correlated with self-stigma Questionnaire Men with higher endorsement of dominant masculine beliefs have less favourable attitudes towards seeking help mediated by self-stigmatisation. Men identifying as homosexual included in sample; although differences in results discussed Emotional Intimacy