A resettlement plan that complies with World Bank requirements Post Constructional Phase impacts Water Withdrawal Measures to prevent, minimize, and control environmental impacts associated with withdrawal and to protect water quality include: Evaluate potential adverse effects of surface water withdrawal on the downstream ecosystems and use appropriate environmental flow assessment3 to determine acceptable withdrawal rates; Design structures related to surface water withdrawal, including dams and water intake structures, to minimize impacts on aquatic life. Avoid construction of water supply wells and water intake structures in sensitive ecosystems; Evaluate potential adverse effects of groundwater withdrawal, including modeling of groundwater level changes and resulting impacts to surface water flows, potential land subsidence, contaminant mobilization and saltwater intrusion. Modify extraction rates and locations as necessary to prevent unacceptable adverse current and future impacts, considering realistic future increases in demand. Treatment Measures to manage solid wastes from water treatment include: Minimize the quantity of solids generated by the water treatment process through optimizing coagulation processes; Dispose of lime sludges by land application, limiting application rates to about 20 dry metric tons per hectare (9 dry tons per acre) to minimize the potential for mobilization of metals into plant tissue and groundwater; Dispose of ferric and alum sludges by land application, and if such application can be through modeling and sampling to have no adverse impacts on groundwater or surface water (e.g. from nutrient runoff). Balance use of ferric and alum sludges to bind phosphorous (e.g. from manure application at livestock operations) without causing aluminum phytotoxicity (from alum), iron levels in excess of adulteration levels for metals in fertilizers, or excessively low available phosphorous levels; Potential impact on soil, groundwater, and surface water, in the context of protection, conservation and long term sustainability of water and land resources, should be assessed when land is used as part of any waste or wastewater treatment system; Sludges may require special disposal if the source water contains elevated levels of toxic metals, such as arsenic, radionuclides, etc.; Regenerate activated carbon (e.g. by returning spent carbon to the supplier).
A resettlement plan that complies with World Bank requirements Post Constructional Phase impacts Water Withdrawal Measures to prevent, minimize, and control environmental impacts associated with withdrawal and to protect water quality include: Evaluate potential adverse effects of surface water withdrawal on the downstream ecosystems and use appropriate environmental flow assessment3 to determine acceptable withdrawal rates; Design structures related to surface water withdrawal, including dams and water intake structures, to minimize impacts on aquatic life. Avoid construction of water supply wells and water intake structures in sensitive ecosystems; Evaluate potential adverse effects of groundwater withdrawal, including modeling of groundwater level changes and resulting impacts to surface water flows, potential land subsidence, contaminant mobilization and saltwater intrusion. Modify extraction rates and locations as necessary to prevent unacceptable adverse current and future impacts, considering realistic future increases in demand. Treatment Measures to manage solid wastes from water treatment include: Minimize the quantity of solids generated by the water treatment process through optimizing coagulation processes; Dispose of lime sludges by land application, limiting application rates to about 20 dry metric tons per hectare (9 dry tons per acre) to minimize the potential for mobilization of metals into plant tissue and groundwater; Dispose of ferric and alum sludges by land application, and if such application can be through modeling and sampling to have no adverse impacts on groundwater or surface water (e.g. from nutrient runoff). Balance use of ferric and alum sludges to bind phosphorous (e.g. from manure application at livestock operations) without causing aluminum phytotoxicity (from alum), iron levels in excess of adulteration levels for metals in fertilizers, or excessively low available phosphorous levels; Potential impact on soil, groundwater, and surface water, in the context of protection, conservation and long term sustainability of water and land resources, should be assessed when land is used as part of any waste or wastewater treatment system; Sludges may require special disposal if the source water contains elevated levels of toxic metals, such as arsenic, radionuclides, etc.; Regenerate activated carbon (e.g. by returning spent carbon to the supplier).