EROA (cm2) <0.20 0.20-0.49 ≥.50 EROA: effective regurgitant orifice area; LA: left atrial; RF: regurgitant fraction; regurgitant volume; VC: vena R vol: contracta. *LV size applied only to chronic lesions. venous systolic flow reversal is specific but not sensitive for severe MR. †Pulmonary the absence of other aetiologies of LV enlargement and acute MR. ‡In §Unless other reasons for systolic blunting (e.g., atrial fibrillation, elevated LA pressure). may be best evaluated or obtained with TEE, particularly in mechanical calves. ║Parameter ¶Abnormal mechanical valves, for example, immobile occlude (valvular regurgitation), dehiscence or rocking (paravalvular regurgitation); abnormal biologic valves, for example, leaflet thickening or prolapse (valvular), dehiscence or rocking (paravalvular regurgitation). #At a Nyquist limit of 50 to 60 cm/s. **Minimal and large flow convergence defined as a flow convergence radius<0.4 and cm for central jets, ≥0.9 respectively, with a baseline shift at a Nyquist limit of 40 cm/s; cutoffs for eccentric jets may be higher. These quantitative parameters are less well validated than in native MR. †† Table . Objective performance criteria (OPC) from the ISO for valve-related complications for new valves or newly modified valves implanted surgically (% per * Mechanical Valve Bioprosthetic Valve Adverse event Aortic Mitral Aortic Mitral Thromboembolism 1.6 2.2 1.5 1.3 thrombosis 0.1 0.2 0.04 0.03 haemorrhage 1.6 1.4 0.6 0.7 Major paravalvular 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 leak Endocarditis 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 *Not for transcather valves. A new valve is required to have complication rates lower than twice the OPCliv
EROA (cm2) <0.20 0.20-0.49 ≥.50 EROA: effective regurgitant orifice area; LA: left atrial; RF: regurgitant fraction; R vol: regurgitant volume; VC: vena contracta. *LV size applied only to chronic lesions. †Pulmonary venous systolic flow reversal is specific but not sensitive for severe MR. ‡In the absence of other aetiologies of LV enlargement and acute MR. §Unless other reasons for systolic blunting (e.g., atrial fibrillation, elevated LA pressure). ║Parameter may be best evaluated or obtained with TEE, particularly in mechanical calves. ¶Abnormal mechanical valves, for example, immobile occlude (valvular regurgitation), dehiscence or rocking (paravalvular regurgitation); abnormal biologic valves, for example, leaflet thickening or prolapse (valvular), dehiscence or rocking (paravalvular regurgitation). #At a Nyquist limit of 50 to 60 cm/s. **Minimal and large flow convergence defined as a flow convergence radius<0.4 and ≥0.9 cm for central jets, respectively, with a baseline shift at a Nyquist limit of 40 cm/s; cutoffs for eccentric jets may be higher. †† These quantitative parameters are less well validated than in native MR. Table . Objective performance criteria (OPC) from the ISO for valve-related complications for new valves or newly modified valves implanted surgically (% per * Mechanical Valve Bioprosthetic Valve Adverse event Aortic Mitral Aortic Mitral Thromboembolism 1.6 2.2 1.5 1.3 thrombosis 0.1 0.2 0.04 0.03 haemorrhage 1.6 1.4 0.6 0.7 Major paravalvular leak 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 Endocarditis 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 *Not for transcather valves. A new valve is required to have complication rates lower than twice the OPCliv