most notable at harvest or later in favors scab development. the season. The pathogen enters Before planting, apply sulfur and triple through wounds and pores in the superphosphate to decrease soil pH. epidermis of young developing No single measure effectively controls this tubers, and stimulates the growth disease, thus it is necessary to use a of corky tissue. Lesions expand as combination of the indicated preventive the tubers expand. Such lesions measures. spoil the appearance of the tubers and cause wastage in peeling and reduction in grade. Fungal Charcoal rot, Charcoal rot, a soil-borne Sterilize seedbed soil. No treatment threshold pathogen with a wide host range, Time planting to allow plants to emerge Macrophomina phaseolina produces black microsclerotia that rapidly. Use seed treated with: thiram enable it to survive adverse Uproot all residue plants and destroy by mancozeb environmental conditions. It burning. attacks plant stems, cotyledons Restrict movement in field. and roots, leading to plant death. Tissues appear water-soaked, followed by brown, then black as microsclerotia are produced. In the absence of hosts, the microsclerotia survive in the soil for 2–15 years, depending on environmental conditions. Damping off fungi, Soil-borne pathogens that infect Sterilize seedbed soil. No treatment threshold Pythium spp seedlings, leading to red-brown Time planting to allow plants to emerge lesions on stems and roots, causing rapidly. Use seed treated with: thiram them to wilt and die. Uproot all residue plants and destroy by mancozeb burning. tebuconazole + In pre-emergence damping-off, the Restrict movement in field. trifloxystrobin seed rots in the soil or the seedling Avoid rotating to Solanaceae plants. dies before it emerges. In damping-off the seedling topples over after it has
most notable at harvest or later in the season. The pathogen enters through wounds and pores in the epidermis of young developing tubers, and stimulates the growth of corky tissue. Lesions expand as the tubers expand. Such lesions spoil the appearance of the tubers and cause wastage in peeling and reduction in grade. favors scab development. Before planting, apply sulfur and triple superphosphate to decrease soil pH. No single measure effectively controls this disease, thus it is necessary to use a combination of the indicated preventive measures. Fungal Charcoal rot, Macrophomina phaseolina Charcoal rot, a soil-borne pathogen with a wide host range, produces black microsclerotia that enable it to survive adverse environmental conditions. It attacks plant stems, cotyledons and roots, leading to plant death. Tissues appear water-soaked, followed by brown, then black as microsclerotia are produced. In the absence of hosts, the microsclerotia survive in the soil for 2–15 years, depending on environmental conditions. Sterilize seedbed soil. Time planting to allow plants to emerge rapidly. Uproot all residue plants and destroy by burning. Restrict movement in field. No treatment threshold Use seed treated with: thiram mancozeb Damping off fungi, Pythium spp Soil-borne pathogens that infect seedlings, leading to red-brown lesions on stems and roots, causing them to wilt and die. In pre-emergence damping-off, the seed rots in the soil or the seedling dies before it emerges. In damping-off the seedling topples over after it has Sterilize seedbed soil. Time planting to allow plants to emerge rapidly. Uproot all residue plants and destroy by burning. Restrict movement in field. Avoid rotating to Solanaceae plants. No treatment threshold Use seed treated with: thiram mancozeb tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin