phagocytosis antibodies antitoxins. Draw diagrams or use cut-outs to model antibody specificity. 4.3.3.5 Vaccination involves Describe what a 1 BBC video about Edward Consider the ethical introducing small quantities vaccine contains. Jenner. Evaluate the method issues and risks BBC Bitesize clip of dead or inactive forms of a he used in developing the first associated with Jenner’s Explain how vaccines – pathogen into the body to vaccine and compare with method. Discuss how prevent disease. ABPI Resources for stimulate the white blood modern methods. methods and theories – Explain the idea of Schools cells to produce antibodies. If develop over time. – Discuss what a vaccine immunity’. the same pathogen re-enters Use a model to explain ‘herd contains and how it works. the body the white blood herd immunity. WHO/Europe Use ABPI animation to show cells respond quickly to Interpret graph showing – how a vaccine works. produce antibodies, primary and secondary preventing infection. response to a pathogen; Role play the level of immunity explain the responses. within a population and its If a proportion of the Evaluate risk in relation effect on the spread of a population is immune to a to practical design and pathogen. pathogen, the spread of the data review to avoid pathogen is very much Interpret graph showing bias. reduced. primary and secondary Evaluate risks related to response to a pathogen (ABPI Students do not need to vaccinations. site). know details of vaccination Discussion questions: schedules and side effects Consider the actions of Dr Why do we need associated with specific Wakefield and the MMR vaccinations when vaccines. vaccine.
phagocytosis antibodies antitoxins. Draw diagrams or use cut-outs to model antibody specificity. 4.3.3.5 Vaccination involves introducing small quantities of dead or inactive forms of a pathogen into the body to stimulate the white blood cells to produce antibodies. If the same pathogen re-enters the body the white blood cells respond quickly to produce antibodies, preventing infection. If a proportion of the population is immune to a pathogen, the spread of the pathogen is very much reduced. Students do not need to know details of vaccination schedules and side effects associated with specific vaccines. Describe what a vaccine contains. Explain how vaccines prevent disease. Explain the idea of ‘herd immunity’. 1 BBC video about Edward Jenner. Evaluate the method he used in developing the first vaccine and compare with modern methods. Discuss what a vaccine contains and how it works. Use ABPI animation to show how a vaccine works. Role play the level of immunity within a population and its effect on the spread of a pathogen. Interpret graph showing primary and secondary response to a pathogen (ABPI site). Consider the actions of Dr Wakefield and the MMR vaccine. Consider the ethical issues and risks associated with Jenner’s method. Discuss how methods and theories develop over time. Use a model to explain herd immunity. Interpret graph showing primary and secondary response to a pathogen; explain the responses. Evaluate risk in relation to practical design and data review to avoid bias. Evaluate risks related to vaccinations. Discussion questions: Why do we need vaccinations when BBC Bitesize clip – ABPI – Resources for Schools – WHO/Europe –