Table of Contents Page _Toc379983811Question 25/2 - Access technology for broadband telecommunications including IMT, for developing countries 1 Executive Summary 1 1 Importance of Broadband 2 1.1 Social and Economic Benefits of Broadband 2 1.2 Broadband Applications 10 1.3 Gender Issues Surrounding Broadband Technology Deployment 12 1.4 Access to Broadband Services for Persons with Disabilities 13 2 Broadband Policy 13 2.1 Regulator Strategies for Accelerating Broadband (i.e. National Broadband Plans, Universal Service Funds) 13 2.1.1 Deployment 14 2.1.2 Adoption 15 2.1.3 Metrics and Disclosure 16 2.1.4 Universal Service Funds 17 2.1.5 Spectrum 18 2.2 Best Practice Guidelines for Regulators for the Promotion of Low-Cost Broadband 19 2.3 Operator Strategies for Promoting Broadband Deployment 21 3 Broadband Technologies 22 3.1 Deployment Considerations: Wireline vs. Wireless 22 3.2 Technical Measures for Effective Use of Wireless Telecommunication 25 3.3 Wireline Broadband Access Technologies 27 3.4 Wireless Broadband Access Technologies, Including IMT 32 3.5 Satellite Broadband Access Technologies and Solutions 34 3.5.1 Overview 34 3.5.2 Satellite Broadband Capabilities and Characteristics 34 3.5.3 Satellite Constellation Characteristics 35 3.5.4 System and Deployment Options and Considerations 38 3.6 Backhaul for Broadband Access 40 3.6.1 Terrestrial Wireless Backhaul 40 3.6.2 Satellite Backhaul Solutions 45 3.6.3 Fiber Backhaul 47 3.6.4 Submarine Cable Backhaul 47
Table of Contents Page _Toc379983811Question 25/2 - Access technology for broadband telecommunications including IMT, for developing countries 1 Executive Summary 1 1 Importance of Broadband 2 1.1 Social and Economic Benefits of Broadband 2 1.2 Broadband Applications 10 1.3 Gender Issues Surrounding Broadband Technology Deployment 12 1.4 Access to Broadband Services for Persons with Disabilities 13 2 Broadband Policy 13 2.1 Regulator Strategies for Accelerating Broadband (i.e. National Broadband Plans, Universal Service Funds) 13 2.1.1 Deployment 14 2.1.2 Adoption 15 2.1.3 Metrics and Disclosure 16 2.1.4 Universal Service Funds 17 2.1.5 Spectrum 18 2.2 Best Practice Guidelines for Regulators for the Promotion of Low-Cost Broadband 19 2.3 Operator Strategies for Promoting Broadband Deployment 21 3 Broadband Technologies 22 3.1 Deployment Considerations: Wireline vs. Wireless 22 3.2 Technical Measures for Effective Use of Wireless Telecommunication 25 3.3 Wireline Broadband Access Technologies 27 3.4 Wireless Broadband Access Technologies, Including IMT 32 3.5 Satellite Broadband Access Technologies and Solutions 34 3.5.1 Overview 34 3.5.2 Satellite Broadband Capabilities and Characteristics 34 3.5.3 Satellite Constellation Characteristics 35 3.5.4 System and Deployment Options and Considerations 38 3.6 Backhaul for Broadband Access 40 3.6.1 Terrestrial Wireless Backhaul 40 3.6.2 Satellite Backhaul Solutions 45 3.6.3 Fiber Backhaul 47 3.6.4 Submarine Cable Backhaul 47