C1.1.7 explain how the evolution of C1.1.6 photosynthesising organisms added  oxygen to, and removed carbon describe how it is thought an dioxide from, the atmosphere atmosphere developed over time C1.1.8 explain how carbon dioxide was removed from the atmosphere by C1.1.6  dissolving in the oceans and then forming sedimentary rocks, and by the describe how it is thought an formation of fossil fuels 9. atmosphere developed over time C1.1.9 understand how activity has changed the composition of the explain the problems caused by atmosphere by adding: increased amounts of substances C1.1.8  a. small amounts of carbon monoxide, and describe approaches to decreasing nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide to the emissions of these substances into the atmosphere the atmosphere including the use of b. extra carbon dioxide and small catalytic converters, low sulfur petrol particles of solids (e.g. carbon) to the and gas scrubbers to decrease atmosphere emissions C1.1.10 understand that some of these substances, called pollutants, are explain the problems caused by directly harmful to humans (e.g. carbon increased amounts of substances monoxide reduces the amount of and describe approaches to decreasing C1.1.8  oxygen that blood can carry), and that the emissions of these substances into some are harmful to the environment the atmosphere including the use of and so cause harm to humans catalytic converters, low sulfur petrol indirectly (e.g. sulfur dioxide causes and gas scrubbers to decrease acid rain). emissions C1.2.1 N/A recall that coal is mainly carbon  C1.2.2 describe the fractions of crude oil as C3.4.4 recall that petrol, diesel fuel and fuel oil largely a mixture of compounds of  are mainly compounds of hydrogen formula CnH2n+2 which are members and carbon (hydrocarbons) 3 of the alkane homologous series C1.2.3 describe the major sources of carbon monoxide and particulates (incomplete C1.1.7 understand that, when fuels burn, combustion), sulfur dioxide (combustion  atoms of carbon and/or hydrogen from of sulfur impurities in fuels), oxides of the fuel combine with atoms of oxygen nitrogen (oxidation of nitrogen at high from the air to produce carbon dioxide temperatures and further oxidation in and/or water (hydrogen oxide) the air)
C1.1.7 explain how the evolution of photosynthesising organisms added oxygen to, and removed carbon dioxide from, the atmosphere C1.1.6 describe how it is thought an atmosphere developed over time  C1.1.8 explain how carbon dioxide was removed from the atmosphere by dissolving in the oceans and then forming sedimentary rocks, and by the formation of fossil fuels 9. C1.1.6 describe how it is thought an atmosphere developed over time  C1.1.9 understand how activity has changed the composition of the atmosphere by adding: a. small amounts of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide to the atmosphere b. extra carbon dioxide and small particles of solids (e.g. carbon) to the atmosphere C1.1.8 explain the problems caused by increased amounts of substances and describe approaches to decreasing the emissions of these substances into the atmosphere including the use of catalytic converters, low sulfur petrol and gas scrubbers to decrease emissions  C1.1.10 understand that some of these substances, called pollutants, are directly harmful to humans (e.g. carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen that blood can carry), and that some are harmful to the environment and so cause harm to humans indirectly (e.g. sulfur dioxide causes acid rain). C1.1.8 explain the problems caused by increased amounts of substances and describe approaches to decreasing the emissions of these substances into the atmosphere including the use of catalytic converters, low sulfur petrol and gas scrubbers to decrease emissions  C1.2.1 recall that coal is mainly carbon N/A  C1.2.2 recall that petrol, diesel fuel and fuel oil are mainly compounds of hydrogen and carbon (hydrocarbons) 3 C3.4.4 describe the fractions of crude oil as largely a mixture of compounds of formula CnH2n+2 which are members of the alkane homologous series  C1.2.3 understand that, when fuels burn, atoms of carbon and/or hydrogen from the fuel combine with atoms of oxygen from the air to produce carbon dioxide and/or water (hydrogen oxide) C1.1.7 describe the major sources of carbon monoxide and particulates (incomplete combustion), sulfur dioxide (combustion of sulfur impurities in fuels), oxides of nitrogen (oxidation of nitrogen at high temperatures and further oxidation in the air) 