of computational strength you need sub-millimetre scale modules and to would be matched by a physical quantity elucidate crucial effects of the physical in the real world. and electrical forces that affect robots. Claytronics Hardware: Millimetre Scale Catoms: In hardware, Claytronics has already made centimetre sized cylindrical catoms Realizing high-resolution applications that have basic features. They can latch that Claytronics offers millimetre-scale together and recognize when they are catoms that are electrostatically actuated latched, and they can be moved using and self contained are proposed. The electrostatic forces.Through hardware millimetre scale catom consists of a tube engineering projects, researchers and a High voltage CMOS die attached investigate the effects of scale on inside the tube. The tubes are fabricated systems and model as double-layer planar structures in 2D concepts for manufacturable, nanoscale using standard photolithography. The modular robots capable of self-assembly. difference in thermal stress created in the layers during the fabrication processes causes the 2D structures to bend into 3D Catoms created from this research to tubes upon release from the substrate. populate claytronic ensembles will be The tubes have electrodes for power less than a millimetre in size which is transfer and actuation on the perimeter. highly challenging task and involves the The high voltage CMOS die is fabricated concepts that cross the frontiers of separately and is manually wire bonded computer science, modular robotics and to the tube before release. The chip systems nanotechnology. includes an AC-DC converter, a storage capacitor, a simple logic unit, and output buffers. At the current stage of design, claytronics hardware operates from macro-scale designs with devices that are much larger The catom moves on a power grid (the than the tiny modular robots that set the stator) that contains rails which carry goals of this engineering research. Such high voltage AC signals. Through devices are designed to test concepts for capacitive coupling, an AC signal is
of computational strength you need would be matched by a physical quantity in the real world. Claytronics Hardware: In hardware, Claytronics has already made centimetre sized cylindrical catoms that have basic features. They can latch together and recognize when they are latched, and they can be moved using electrostatic forces.Through hardware engineering projects, researchers investigate the effects of scale on systems and model concepts for manufacturable, nanoscale modular robots capable of self-assembly. Catoms created from this research to populate claytronic ensembles will be less than a millimetre in size which is highly challenging task and involves the concepts that cross the frontiers of computer science, modular robotics and systems nanotechnology. At the current stage of design, claytronics hardware operates from macro-scale designs with devices that are much larger than the tiny modular robots that set the goals of this engineering research. Such devices are designed to test concepts for sub-millimetre scale modules and to elucidate crucial effects of the physical and electrical forces that affect robots. Millimetre Scale Catoms: Realizing high-resolution applications that Claytronics offers millimetre-scale catoms that are electrostatically actuated and self contained are proposed. The millimetre scale catom consists of a tube and a High voltage CMOS die attached inside the tube. The tubes are fabricated as double-layer planar structures in 2D using standard photolithography. The difference in thermal stress created in the layers during the fabrication processes causes the 2D structures to bend into 3D tubes upon release from the substrate. The tubes have electrodes for power transfer and actuation on the perimeter. The high voltage CMOS die is fabricated separately and is manually wire bonded to the tube before release. The chip includes an AC-DC converter, a storage capacitor, a simple logic unit, and output buffers. The catom moves on a power grid (the stator) that contains rails which carry high voltage AC signals. Through capacitive coupling, an AC signal is