Arthropoda Chordata **Please note that Chordata has a sub-phylum called vertebrata (have a vertebral column) ** β - Application: Recognition of features of birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles and fish. Mammals Amphibians Reptiles Fish Birds (aves) (Mammalia) (Amphibia) (Reptilia) (Osteichthyes) Skin covered in Skin has follicles with Moist skin, Scales made Impermeable skin feathers made out of hair made out of permeable to water out of bony plates in covered in scales of Keratin Keratin the keratin skin Lungs ventilated using Lungs with alveoli, Simple lungs and Lungs with Gills covered by an air sacs, with ventilated with ribs moist skin for gas extensive folding operculum tubes and a diaphragm exchange (increase SA) Pentadactyl Limbs No limbs Two wings and two Four legs for many, Adults have four legs Four legs in most Fins legs some have two species (some have arms/wings and two none) legs Internal fertilisation Internal fertilisation External fertilisation Internal fertilisation External fertilisation (sperm and egg) (sperm and egg) with sperm and eggs (sperm and egg) with sperm and eggs Females lay eggs with Most have live birth Larval stage in water, Females lays eggs Remain in hard shells and feed young with adult usually on land with soft shells water throughout milk from mammary their lives glands Beak and no teeth Different types of Eggs coated in Same type of teeth Swim bladder for teeth, living core protective jelly with no living parts buoyancy Maintain constant internal temperature (warm Do not maintain an internal body blooded) temperature (cold blooded)
Arthropoda Chordata **Please note that Chordata has a sub-phylum called vertebrata (have a vertebral column) ** β - Application: Recognition of features of birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles and fish. Birds (aves) Mammals (Mammalia) Amphibians (Amphibia) Reptiles (Reptilia) Fish (Osteichthyes) Skin covered in feathers made out of Keratin Skin has follicles with hair made out of Keratin Moist skin, permeable to water Impermeable skin covered in scales of keratin Scales made out of bony plates in the skin Lungs ventilated using air sacs, with tubes Lungs with alveoli, ventilated with ribs and a diaphragm Simple lungs and moist skin for gas exchange Lungs with extensive folding (increase SA) Gills covered by an operculum Pentadactyl Limbs No limbs Two wings and two legs Four legs for many, some have two arms/wings and two legs Adults have four legs Four legs in most species (some have none) Fins Internal fertilisation (sperm and egg) Internal fertilisation (sperm and egg) External fertilisation with sperm and eggs Internal fertilisation (sperm and egg) External fertilisation with sperm and eggs Females lay eggs with hard shells Most have live birth and feed young with milk from mammary glands Larval stage in water, adult usually on land Females lays eggs with soft shells Remain in water throughout their lives Beak and no teeth Different types of teeth, living core Eggs coated in protective jelly Same type of teeth with no living parts Swim bladder for buoyancy Maintain constant internal temperature (warm blooded) Do not maintain an internal body temperature (cold blooded)