Platelet activation Serum cortisol ↓ (CD42a, CD14) Leukocytes ↑ T-, T-helper cells, NK lymphocytes, T suppressor cells, testosterone levels ↗ Markevych To assess Based on two Blood pressure Primary measurement Residential surrounding Models adjusted for Blood pressure ↓ 2014, whether birth cohorts, greenness; Normalised (GINIplus/LISAplus), sex, Germany surrounding analysis GINIplus and Difference Vegetation Index parental education, parental residential LISAplus, (NDVI) hypertension, child’s age (Markevych greenness is recruited healthy (years), season of blood et al. 2014) associated with full term neonates pressure measurements, blood pressure BMI of each child at at 10 (n = 2,078) in 10 year old years old German children Markevych To investigate Based on two Blood lipids Primary measurement Residential surrounding All models adjusted for exact Blood lipids ↔ 2016, the association analysis birth cohorts, greenness; Normalised age at time of blood lipid Germany between GINIplus and Difference Vegetation Index measurement, sex, study residential LISAplus, (NDVI) (GINIplus/LISAplus), study (Markevych greenness and recruited healthy areaparental education, et al. 2016) blood lipids in full term fasting status and BMI; children neonates, 10 and models additionally adjusted 15 year follow ups for weekly physical activity, puberty category, and (n = 1,552) SES Matsunaga To investigate Elderly women Heart rate variability Primary measurement Hospital garden Matching of participants Heart rate variability ↓ 2011, Japan the association requiring help (HRV) between a within walking, without (Matsunaga hospital rooftop subject dementia or et al. 2011) garden and study pacemakers, physiological mean age 81.7 relaxation (HRV) years on elderly (n = people requiring care
Platelet activation (CD42a, CD14) Serum cortisol ↓ Leukocytes ↑ T-, T-helper cells, NK lymphocytes, T suppressor cells, testosterone levels ↗ Markevych 2014, Germany (Markevych et al. 2014) To assess whether surrounding residential greenness is associated with blood pressure in 10 year old German children analysis Based on two birth cohorts, GINIplus and LISAplus, recruited healthy full term neonates (n = 2,078) Blood pressure Primary measurement Residential surrounding greenness; Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Models adjusted for (GINIplus/LISAplus), sex, parental education, parental hypertension, child’s age (years), season of blood pressure measurements, BMI of each child at at 10 years old Blood pressure ↓ Markevych 2016, Germany (Markevych et al. 2016) To investigate the association between residential greenness and blood lipids in children analysis Based on two birth cohorts, GINIplus and LISAplus, recruited healthy full term neonates, 10 and 15 year follow ups (n = 1,552) Blood lipids Primary measurement Residential surrounding greenness; Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) All models adjusted for exact age at time of blood lipid measurement, sex, study (GINIplus/LISAplus), study areaparental education, fasting status and BMI; models additionally adjusted for weekly physical activity, puberty category, and SES Blood lipids ↔ Matsunaga 2011, Japan (Matsunaga et al. 2011) To investigate the association between a hospital rooftop garden and physiological relaxation (HRV) on elderly people requiring care within subject study Elderly women requiring help walking, without dementia or pacemakers, mean age 81.7 years (n = Heart rate variability (HRV) Primary measurement Hospital garden Matching of participants Heart rate variability ↓