which protects the animal from serious illnesses. However, this immune response is also responsible for most of the presenting signs observed. The APVMA notes that vaccines are often used in conjunction with other products (including other vaccines) which could also result in a higher number of reports. In most cases it is not possible to attribute the cause of an adverse reaction to a single active constituent or to any of the products used concurrently. Hence a single report may be classified against multiple active constituents that may have a potential causal relationship with an adverse experience. The number of reports associated with canine parainfluenza virus vaccine strains is low when compared with the number of doses sold in 2012 (less than 1 in 10 000 doses) and therefore no regulatory action is required other than continued monitoring for unexpected or severe reactions. For more information about canine vaccines, go to the APVMA website at . Canine parainfluenza Canine Number of Reports Probable Possible 17 1 16 Presenting signs (probable and possible) Coughing (7) Anaphylaxis (2) Facial oedema (1) Sneezing (6) Death (2) Pruritis (1) Respiratory problems (4) Nasal discharge (2) Vomiting (1) Lethargy (3) Anorexia (1) Canine parainfluenza virus type 2 Canine Number of Reports Probable Possible 55 3 52 Presenting signs (probable and possible) Facial oedema (18) Pruritis (4) Dyspnoea (2) Lack of effect (17) Weakness (4) Hypersalivation (2) Vomiting (15) Anaphylaxis (3) Abscess (1) Pale mucous membranes (7) Capillary refill time (slow) (3) Agitation (1) Defaecation (6) Cyanosis (3) Ataxia (1) Lethargy (6) Erythema (3) Nausea (1) Hives (5) Bradycardia (2) Pain (1) Collapse (4) Diarrhoea (2) Pawing at face (1)
which protects the animal from serious illnesses. However, this immune response is also responsible for most of the presenting signs observed. The APVMA notes that vaccines are often used in conjunction with other products (including other vaccines) which could also result in a higher number of reports. In most cases it is not possible to attribute the cause of an adverse reaction to a single active constituent or to any of the products used concurrently. Hence a single report may be classified against multiple active constituents that may have a potential causal relationship with an adverse experience. The number of reports associated with canine parainfluenza virus vaccine strains is low when compared with the number of doses sold in 2012 (less than 1 in 10 000 doses) and therefore no regulatory action is required other than continued monitoring for unexpected or severe reactions. For more information about canine vaccines, go to the APVMA website at . Canine parainfluenza Canine Number of Reports Probable Possible 17 1 16 Presenting signs (probable and possible) Coughing (7) Sneezing (6) Respiratory problems (4) Lethargy (3) Anaphylaxis (2) Death (2) Nasal discharge (2) Anorexia (1) Facial oedema (1) Pruritis (1) Vomiting (1) Canine parainfluenza virus type 2 Canine Number of Reports Probable Possible 55 3 52 Presenting signs (probable and possible) Facial oedema (18) Lack of effect (17) Vomiting (15) Pale mucous membranes (7) Defaecation (6) Lethargy (6) Hives (5) Collapse (4) Pruritis (4) Weakness (4) Anaphylaxis (3) Capillary refill time (slow) (3) Cyanosis (3) Erythema (3) Bradycardia (2) Diarrhoea (2) Dyspnoea (2) Hypersalivation (2) Abscess (1) Agitation (1) Ataxia (1) Nausea (1) Pain (1) Pawing at face (1)