myoglobin, -viral infections, pyelonephritis, transplant rejection, salicylate poisoning What are Oval Fat Bodies? RTE that have absorbed lipid in the filtrate What conditions are associated with Lipiduria: nephrotic syndrome, acute tubular Oval Fat Bodies? necrosis, diabetes, crush syndromes If bacteria if found in the urine, which Rods are most common type is more common: rods or cocci? What urine conditions are ideal for Diabetic urine: glucose and acid ideal for yeast ↑ yeast growth? growth What is the most common parasite Most common: Trichomonas vaginalis in urine? Pear-shaped flagellate Swims across field rapidly What is the significance of infertility: sperm expelled into bladder instead of spermatozoa in urine? urethra. May cause positive protein What are some characteristics of Protein from RTE, glands, squamous cells in urine? Threadlike, low refractive index Confuse with casts Irregular, composed of uromodulin protein Female specimens, no clinical significance What are the characteristics of casts in Elements unique to the kidney the urine? Formed in DCT and collecting duct Parallel sides, rounded ends, inclusions Detect under low power, ID high power Scan edges of glass cover slip Low light is essential Report number per lpf Many pathologic and nonpathologic causes What is Uromodulin Protein? Uromodulin protein secreted by RTE of DCT and collecting duct Consistent excretion normally -↑ stress and exercise Formation of protein fibrils into matrix Urine stasis, acid pH, Na, and Ca Uromodulin protein not detected by reagent strips protein is from renal disease ↑ How is Uromodulin formed? Aggregated uromodulin fibrils attached to RTEs Interweaving to network, traps elements More interweaving to form solid matrix Attachment of elements to matrix Detachment of fibrils from RTEs Excretion of cast What are the physical characteristics of Normal parallel sides or convoluted, wrinkled, hyaline casts? cylindroid, occasional adhering cell or granule What pathologic conditions are glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, chronic renal associated with hyaline casts? disease, congestive heart failure How can RBC be differentiated Look for cast matrix from RBC clumps?
myoglobin, -viral infections, pyelonephritis, transplant rejection, salicylate poisoning What are Oval Fat Bodies? RTE that have absorbed lipid in the filtrate What conditions are associated with Oval Fat Bodies? Lipiduria: nephrotic syndrome, acute tubular necrosis, diabetes, crush syndromes If bacteria if found in the urine, which type is more common: rods or cocci? Rods are most common What urine conditions are ideal for yeast growth? Diabetic urine: ↑ glucose and acid ideal for yeast growth What is the most common parasite in urine? Most common: Trichomonas vaginalis Pear-shaped flagellate Swims across field rapidly What is the significance of spermatozoa in urine? infertility: sperm expelled into bladder instead of urethra. May cause positive protein What are some characteristics of in urine? Protein from RTE, glands, squamous cells Threadlike, low refractive index Confuse with casts Irregular, composed of uromodulin protein Female specimens, no clinical significance What are the characteristics of casts in the urine? Elements unique to the kidney Formed in DCT and collecting duct Parallel sides, rounded ends, inclusions Detect under low power, ID high power Scan edges of glass cover slip Low light is essential Report number per lpf Many pathologic and nonpathologic causes What is Uromodulin Protein? Uromodulin protein secreted by RTE of DCT and collecting duct Consistent excretion normally -↑ stress and exercise Formation of protein fibrils into matrix Urine stasis, acid pH, Na, and Ca Uromodulin protein not detected by reagent strips ↑ protein is from renal disease How is Uromodulin formed? Aggregated uromodulin fibrils attached to RTEs Interweaving to network, traps elements More interweaving to form solid matrix Attachment of elements to matrix Detachment of fibrils from RTEs Excretion of cast What are the physical characteristics of hyaline casts? Normal parallel sides or convoluted, wrinkled, cylindroid, occasional adhering cell or granule What pathologic conditions are associated with hyaline casts? glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, chronic renal disease, congestive heart failure How can RBC be differentiated from RBC clumps? Look for cast matrix