questions or test solutions to Temperature is a measure (e.g. speed as the ratio of problems in 6–8 builds on of the average kinetic energy distance traveled to time experiences and progresses of particles of matter. The taken) among different types to include investigations that relationship between the of quantities provide use multiple variables and temperature and the total information about the provide evidence to support energy of a system depends on magnitude of properties and explanations or design the types, states, and amounts processes. solutions. of matter present. an investigation Energy and Matter individually and PS3.B: Conservation of collaboratively, and in the Energy and Energy Transfer design: identify independent and dependent variables and The amount of energy controls, what tools are transfer needed to change the needed to do the gathering, temperature of a matter how measurements will be sample by a given amount recorded, and how many data depends on the nature of the are needed to support a claim. matter, the size of the sample, (07-PS3-4) and the environment. Constructing Explanations Energy is spontaneously and Designing Solutions Constructing explanations and transferred out of hotter designing solutions in 6–8 regions or objects and into builds on K–5 experiences and colder ones. (07-PS3-3) progresses to include ETS1.A: Defining and constructing explanations and Delimiting an Engineering designing solutions supported Problem by multiple sources of more precisely a evidence consistent with design and task’s criteria scientific ideas, principles, and constraints can be defined, the theories. more likely it is that the scientific ideas or designed solution will be principles to design, construct, successful. Specification of and test a design of an object, constraints includes tool, process or system. consideration of scientific principles and other relevant Connections to Nature of knowledge that is likely to Science limit possible solutions. Scientific Knowledge is (secondary to 07-PS3-3) Based on Empirical Evidence ETS1.B: Developing Possible knowledge is Solutions based upon logical and solution needs to be conceptual connections tested, and then modified on between evidence and the basis of the test results in explanations order to improve it. There are
questions or test solutions to problems in 6–8 builds on experiences and progresses to include investigations that use multiple variables and provide evidence to support explanations or design solutions. an investigation individually and collaboratively, and in the design: identify independent and dependent variables and controls, what tools are needed to do the gathering, how measurements will be recorded, and how many data are needed to support a claim. (07-PS3-4) Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions Constructing explanations and designing solutions in 6–8 builds on K–5 experiences and progresses to include constructing explanations and designing solutions supported by multiple sources of evidence consistent with scientific ideas, principles, and theories. scientific ideas or principles to design, construct, and test a design of an object, tool, process or system. Connections to Nature of Science Scientific Knowledge is Based on Empirical Evidence knowledge is based upon logical and conceptual connections between evidence and explanations Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. PS3.B: Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer The amount of energy transfer needed to change the temperature of a matter sample by a given amount depends on the nature of the matter, the size of the sample, and the environment. Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. (07-PS3-3) ETS1.A: Defining and Delimiting an Engineering Problem more precisely a design task’s criteria and constraints can be defined, the more likely it is that the designed solution will be successful. Specification of constraints includes consideration of scientific principles and other relevant knowledge that is likely to limit possible solutions. (secondary to 07-PS3-3) ETS1.B: Developing Possible Solutions solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are (e.g. speed as the ratio of distance traveled to time taken) among different types of quantities provide information about the magnitude of properties and processes. Energy and Matter