those who based charge opt-in to the in lieu of the system pay gas tax 1.5 (will showed a 12 increase to per cent 1.7 in 2018) reduction in cents per total miles mile and driven. receive The credits for the congestion gas tax pricing test in the pilot program produced a 22 per cent decline in driving during peak periods. 91 per cent of pilot program participants would agree to continue paying the mileage fee in lieu of the gas tax. Not adopted road user pricing Table 5 provides a synthetic overview on the introduced but not adopted road user pricing policies around the world including their objectives, pricing mechanisms, and reasons for not being adopted. 5 A summary of the not adopted road user pricing policies. Pricing Why not Location Objective(s) mechanism adopted New York, To reduce A zonal charge Schaller USA congestion requiring (2010): vehicles pay a Disagreement flat daily among local charge when governments entering, as the elected leaving, or officials and travelling the public in within the the four New charging zone York US$8/21 boroughs (AU$10.4/27.3) outside for cars/trucks Manhattan entering or saw the leaving the congestion charging zone; charge as a
based those who opt-in to the system pay 1.5 (will increase to 1.7 in 2018) cents per mile and receive credits for the gas tax charge in lieu of the gas tax showed a 12 per cent reduction in total miles driven. The congestion pricing test in the pilot program produced a 22 per cent decline in driving during peak periods. 91 per cent of pilot program participants would agree to continue paying the mileage fee in lieu of the gas tax. Not adopted road user pricing Table 5 provides a synthetic overview on the introduced but not adopted road user pricing policies around the world including their objectives, pricing mechanisms, and reasons for not being adopted. 5 A summary of the not adopted road user pricing policies. Location Objective(s) Pricing mechanism Why not adopted New York, USA To reduce congestion A zonal charge requiring vehicles pay a flat daily charge when entering, leaving, or travelling within the charging zone US$8/21 (AU$10.4/27.3) for cars/trucks entering or leaving the charging zone; Schaller (2010): Disagreement among local governments as the elected officials and the public in the four New York boroughs outside Manhattan saw the congestion charge as a