Causes and Types of Movements for Building Materials Concrete Cause Result Concrete Steel Wood Stone Masonry Clay Masonry Load Elastic Application Deformation yes yes yes yes yes yes Sustained Load Creep Contraction yes yes yes yes yes yes Temperature Expansion/ Change Contraction yes yes yes yes yes yes Moisture Content Expansion/ Change Contract yes no yes yes yes yes Cement Hydration/ Permanent Carbonation Shrinkage yes no no no yes no Permanent Moisture Absorption Expansion no no no no no yes Freezing When Wet Expansion yes no no yes yes yes
Causes and Types of Movements for Building Materials Cause Result Concrete Steel Wood Stone Concrete Masonry Clay Masonry Load Application Elastic Deformation yes yes yes yes yes yes Sustained Load Creep Contraction yes yes yes yes yes yes Temperature Change Expansion/ Contraction yes yes yes yes yes yes Moisture Content Change Expansion/ Contract yes no yes yes yes yes Cement Hydration/ Carbonation Permanent Shrinkage yes no no no yes no Moisture Absorption Permanent Expansion no no no no no yes Freezing When Wet Expansion yes no no yes yes yes