Appendix B SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED BIOSAFETY LEVELS FOR INFECTIOUS AGENTS Biosafety Agents Practices Safety Equipment Facilities Level (Primary Barriers) (Secondary Barriers) 1 Not known to Standard Microbiological Practices None required Open bench top sink consistently cause required disease in healthy adults Associated with human BSL-1 practice plus: Primary barriers = Class I or II BSCs BSL-1 plus: disease, hazard = Limited access or other physical containment Autoclave available • percutaneous injury, Biohazard warning signs devices used for all manipulations of • ingestion, mucous precautions agents that cause splashes or • “Sharps” membrane exposure Biosafety manual defining any aerosols of infectious materials; • needed waste PPEs*: laboratory coats; gloves; face decontamination or medical protection as needed surveillance policies 3 Indigenous or exotic BSL-2 practice plus: Primary barriers = I or II BCSs or BSL-2 plus: agents with potential for Controlled access other physical containment devices Physical separation from • • aerosol transmission; Decontamination of all waste used for all open manipulations of access corridors • disease may have serious Decontamination of lab clothing agents; Self-closing, double-door • • or lethal consequences before laundering PPEs*: protective lab clothing; access Baseline gloves; respiratory protection as Exhausted air not • • needed recirculated Negative airflow into • laboratory 4 Dangerous/exotic agents BSL-3 practices plus: Primary barriers = All procedures BSL-3 plus: which pose high risk of Clothing change before conducted in Class III BSCs or Separate building or • • life-threatening disease, entering Class I or II BSCs in combination isolated zone aerosol-transmitted lab Shower on exit with full-body, air-supplied, positive Dedicated supply and • • infections; or related All material decontaminated on pressure personnel suit exhaust, vacuum, and • agents with unknown risk exit from facility decon systems of transmission requirements • outlined in the text *PPE-Personal Protective Equipment
Appendix B SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED BIOSAFETY LEVELS FOR INFECTIOUS AGENTS Biosafety Level Agents Practices Safety Equipment (Primary Barriers) Facilities (Secondary Barriers) 1 Not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adults Standard Microbiological Practices None required Open bench top sink required Associated with human disease, hazard = percutaneous injury, ingestion, mucous membrane exposure BSL-1 practice plus: • Limited access • Biohazard warning signs • “Sharps” precautions • Biosafety manual defining any needed waste decontamination or medical surveillance policies Primary barriers = Class I or II BSCs or other physical containment devices used for all manipulations of agents that cause splashes or aerosols of infectious materials; PPEs*: laboratory coats; gloves; face protection as needed BSL-1 plus: Autoclave available 3 Indigenous or exotic agents with potential for aerosol transmission; disease may have serious or lethal consequences BSL-2 practice plus: • Controlled access • Decontamination of all waste • Decontamination of lab clothing before laundering • Baseline Primary barriers = I or II BCSs or other physical containment devices used for all open manipulations of agents; PPEs*: protective lab clothing; gloves; respiratory protection as needed BSL-2 plus: • Physical separation from access corridors • Self-closing, double-door access • Exhausted air not recirculated • Negative airflow into laboratory 4 Dangerous/exotic agents which pose high risk of life-threatening disease, aerosol-transmitted lab infections; or related agents with unknown risk of transmission BSL-3 practices plus: • Clothing change before entering • Shower on exit • All material decontaminated on exit from facility Primary barriers = All procedures conducted in Class III BSCs or Class I or II BSCs in combination with full-body, air-supplied, positive pressure personnel suit BSL-3 plus: • Separate building or isolated zone • Dedicated supply and exhaust, vacuum, and decon systems • requirements outlined in the text *PPE-Personal Protective Equipment