Matsumoto et al. Level III-2 Ogawa N=139 MTB AFB (ZN) 4 2 8 125 2/141 specimens were () culture bronchial Comm MAC-NAAT 10 1 2 126 MTB C+ Low risk of washings Japan bias AFB –ve Comm MAC-NAAT 6 1 2 124 n=133 Choi et al. () Level III-2 MGIT N=467 respiratory AFB (FL) 6 0 36 425 64/531 specimens from culture specimens that were patients suspected of Korea Some risk of Comm NTM-NAAT 29 0 13 453 MTB culture-negative MTB infections bias Tran et al. () Level III-2 BACTEC N=456 respiratory AFB (ZN) 67 112 29 248 8/464 specimens had MGIT 960 specimens In-house MAC-NAAT 57 2 39 358 inconclusive or USA Some risk of culture indeterminate PCR bias n=179 AFB +ve In-house MAC-NAAT 54 0 13 112 results n=277 AFB –ve In-house MAC-NAAT 3 2 26 246 25/360 MAC specimens grew other NTMs and 101/360 grew MTB but were included as culture-negative in the analysis Gamboa et al. () Level III-2 BACTEC N=101 specimens HIV+, AFB –ve 30/121 blood 13A culture specimens were MTB Spain Some risk of N=91 blood specimens Comm MAC-NAAT 57 0 11 33 culture-positive bias N=10 BM specimens Comm MAC-NAAT 56 0 10 25 5/15 BM specimens Comm MAC-NAAT 1 0 1 8 were MTB C+ 6/11 false-negative specimens were NTM C+ BACTEC N=195 MTB Ninet et al. () Level III-2 HIV+ Comm MAC-NAAT 14 0 24 157 6/201 were MTB C+ 13A culture blood Switzerland High risk of 4/24 false-negative specimens bias specimens were NTM C+ Only NTM results Frevel et al. () Level III-2 Culture N=69 FFPE samples In-house NTM-NAAT 5 14 0 50 considered Germany High risk of
Matsumoto et al. () Japan Level III-2 Low risk of bias Ogawa culture N=139 MTB bronchial washings n=133 AFB (ZN) Comm MAC-NAAT AFB –ve Comm MAC-NAAT 4 10 6 2 1 1 8 2 2 125 126 124 2/141 specimens were MTB C+ Choi et al. () Korea Level III-2 Some risk of bias MGIT culture N=467 respiratory specimens that were MTB culture-negative AFB (FL) Comm NTM-NAAT 6 29 0 0 36 13 425 453 64/531 specimens from patients suspected of MTB infections Tran et al. () USA Level III-2 Some risk of bias BACTEC MGIT 960 culture N=456 respiratory specimens n=179 n=277 AFB (ZN) In-house MAC-NAAT AFB +ve In-house MAC-NAAT AFB –ve In-house MAC-NAAT 67 57 54 3 112 2 0 2 29 39 13 26 248 358 112 246 8/464 specimens had inconclusive or indeterminate PCR results 25/360 MAC specimens grew other NTMs and 101/360 grew MTB but were included as culture-negative in the analysis Gamboa et al. () Spain Level III-2 Some risk of bias BACTEC 13A culture N=101 specimens N=91 blood specimens N=10 BM specimens HIV+, AFB –ve Comm MAC-NAAT Comm MAC-NAAT Comm MAC-NAAT 57 56 1 0 0 0 11 10 1 33 25 8 30/121 blood specimens were MTB culture-positive 5/15 BM specimens were MTB C+ 6/11 false-negative specimens were NTM C+ Ninet et al. () Switzerland Level III-2 High risk of bias BACTEC 13A culture N=195 MTB blood specimens HIV+ Comm MAC-NAAT 14 0 24 157 6/201 were MTB C+ 4/24 false-negative specimens were NTM C+ Frevel et al. () Germany Level III-2 High risk of Culture N=69 FFPE samples In-house NTM-NAAT 5 14 0 50 Only NTM results considered