ICP.10.1 Describe and Atomic models simple explanation/visual of the Patterns – compare/contrast the atomic structure of an atom models suggested by Rutherford atom is mostly empty space, with electrons Systems and – Rutherford and Bohr. orbiting a fixed, positively charged nucleus in set, system models predictable paths Bohr electrons orbit the nucleus at set distances. When – an electron changes orbits, it does so in a sudden quantum leap ICP.10.2 Describe the of Atomic nucleus positively charged central core of an Systems and – the atomic nucleus and explain atom, consisting of protons and neutrons and containing system models how the nucleus stays together nearly all its mass in spite of the repulsion Protons stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic Structure and – between protons. nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude function to that of an electron, but of opposite sign ICP.10.3 Develop and Fusion process or result of joining two or more things Cause and effect – simple qualitative models or together to form a single entity sketches of the atomic nucleus Fission action of dividing or splitting something into Stability and – that illustrate nuclear structures two or more parts change before and after undergoing Radioactive transformation of an unstable atomic – fusion, fission, or radioactive nucleus into a lighter one, in which radiation is released in decay. the form of alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and other particles ICP.10.4 Distinguish between Systems and fusion, fission, and radioactivity system models and qualitatively compare the amount of energy released in these processes. Crosscutting Concepts 1. Patterns. Observed patterns of forms and events guide organization and classification, and they prompt questions about relationships and the factors that influence them.
ICP.10.1 Describe and compare/contrast the atomic models suggested by Rutherford and Bohr. Atomic models – simple explanation/visual of the structure of an atom Rutherford – atom is mostly empty space, with electrons orbiting a fixed, positively charged nucleus in set, predictable paths Bohr – electrons orbit the nucleus at set distances. When an electron changes orbits, it does so in a sudden quantum leap Patterns Systems and system models ICP.10.2 Describe the of the atomic nucleus and explain how the nucleus stays together in spite of the repulsion between protons. Atomic nucleus – positively charged central core of an atom, consisting of protons and neutrons and containing nearly all its mass Protons – stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign Systems and system models Structure and function ICP.10.3 Develop and simple qualitative models or sketches of the atomic nucleus that illustrate nuclear structures before and after undergoing fusion, fission, or radioactive decay. Fusion – process or result of joining two or more things together to form a single entity Fission – action of dividing or splitting something into two or more parts Radioactive – transformation of an unstable atomic nucleus into a lighter one, in which radiation is released in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and other particles Cause and effect Stability and change ICP.10.4 Distinguish between fusion, fission, and radioactivity and qualitatively compare the amount of energy released in these processes. Systems and system models Crosscutting Concepts 1. Patterns. Observed patterns of forms and events guide organization and classification, and they prompt questions about relationships and the factors that influence them.