SUMMARY OF MONITORING PROTOCOLS of Indicator Environ. Method/ Technical/ Geographic Opportunities Level of Expertise Cost detail Limitations maturity needed Code matrices protocol Equipment applicability to reduce costs generated HIGH HIGH Great variability among sites; Extensively but depending on HIGH applied in NEA Potential to make LOW/ site availability (e.g. Amount of and Baltic but Beach Visual/ LOW L/M use of (trained) Size 2.5 problems with deposited can be ≥ 10.1.1 further R&D MEDIUM volunteers cm remote or affected by Collection needed on inaccessible weather/sea statistical beaches) conditions analysis Can be integrated in Observation may on-going operations be affected by HIGH with vessels (e.g. weather/sea MEDIUM cruises, maritime LOW/ Extensively conditions and Floating Visual LOW L/M HIGH authorities) or/and used in several Size 2.5 ≥ must be adapted 10.1.2 MEDIUM other monitoring parts of the cm so the item’s programmes on the world minimum size is sea-surface (e.g. detected; marine mammals) Expensive, unless coupled Aerial surveys e.g. with existing cetaceans – Floating Aerial Survey LOW HIGH MEDIUM H3 LOW HIGH aerial surveys; potentially 10.1.2 Mainly sensitive Biological Diversity to large, floating (D1) items in development, Can be integrated in needs to be operations LOW Automated adapted for Floating MEDIUM HIGH M MEDIUM HIGH with vessels (e.g. camera survey routine use. 10.1.2 In development cruises, maritime Depends on authorities) good sea conditions.
SUMMARY OF MONITORING PROTOCOLS Indicator Code Environ. matrices Method/ protocol Level of maturity Technical/ Equipment Expertise needed Cost of detail generated Geographic applicability Limitations Opportunities to reduce costs 10.1.1 Beach Visual/ Collection HIGH Extensively applied in NEA and Baltic but further R&D needed on statistical analysis LOW LOW/ MEDIUM L/M HIGH Size ≥ 2.5 cm HIGH but depending on site availability (e.g. problems with remote or inaccessible beaches) Great variability among sites; Amount of deposited can be affected by weather/sea conditions Potential to make use of (trained) volunteers 10.1.2 Floating Visual HIGH Extensively used in several parts of the world LOW LOW/ MEDIUM L/M MEDIUM Size ≥ 2.5 cm HIGH Observation may be affected by weather/sea conditions and must be adapted so the item’s minimum size is detected; Can be integrated in on-going operations with vessels (e.g. cruises, maritime authorities) or/and other monitoring programmes on the sea-surface (e.g. marine mammals) 10.1.2 Floating Aerial Survey LOW HIGH MEDIUM H3 LOW HIGH Expensive, unless coupled with existing aerial surveys; Mainly sensitive to large, floating items Aerial surveys e.g. cetaceans – potentially Biological Diversity (D1) 10.1.2 Floating Automated camera survey LOW In development MEDIUM HIGH M MEDIUM HIGH in development, needs to be adapted for routine use. Depends on good sea conditions. Can be integrated in operations with vessels (e.g. cruises, maritime authorities)