and coherently uses a range of scientific terminology accurately spelling, punctuation and grammar are  used with few errors (Suitable extra detail shown in italics in examples above) for Question = 12 marks Q2. Question Answer Acceptable answers Mark Number (i) (cloud of) dust and/or Accept gases (1) hydrogen/helium Accept idea that it is where stars/planets are formed Ignore rocks/smoke (1) Question Answer Acceptable answers Mark Number (ii) A description linking correct sequence is three of the following not required when when nebula nebula or dust/gas • reaches a critical cloud is big (enough) mass (1) nebula gases/dust/nebula • collapses/contracts come together/pulled (1) (due to) together/spiral /move • gravitational faster attraction (1) (gets) gravity/gravitational • hot/ (makes) heat (1) (potential) energy forms a protostar transformed into • (1) emits/produces thermal energy • light /radiation(1) ignore starts to starts nuclear reaction/fusion/ hydrogen turns into helium/new elements (3) Question Answer Acceptable answers Mark Number (i) A description Accept including the galaxies are d• following points in a moving away logical order correct • EITHER• red shift wavelength / (1) detail of red • frequency change shift (1) OR• cosmic echo of the Big • microwave Bang uniform in • (2) background (CMB)
and coherently uses a range of scientific terminology accurately  spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with few errors (Suitable extra detail shown in italics in examples above) for Question = 12 marks Q2. Question Number Answer Acceptable answers Mark (i) (cloud of) dust and/or gases (1) Accept hydrogen/helium Accept idea that it is where stars/planets are formed Ignore rocks/smoke (1) Question Number Answer Acceptable answers Mark (ii) A description linking three of the following • when nebula reaches a critical mass (1) • nebula collapses/contracts (1) • (due to) gravitational attraction (1) • (gets) hot/ (makes) heat (1) • forms a protostar (1) • emits/produces light /radiation(1) correct sequence is not required when nebula or dust/gas cloud is big (enough) gases/dust/nebula come together/pulled together/spiral /move faster gravity/gravitational (potential) energy transformed into thermal energy ignore starts to starts nuclear reaction/fusion/ hydrogen turns into helium/new elements (3) Question Number Answer Acceptable answers Mark (i) A description including the following points in a logical order EITHER• red shift (1) • detail of red shift (1) OR• cosmic microwave background (CMB) Accept d• galaxies are moving away • correct wavelength / frequency change • echo of the Big Bang • uniform in (2)