Table 7. Summary of reproductive and developmental effects Backbone Phthalate LOAEL (mg/kg bw/d) & endpoint C length Fertility1 Development C1 DMP Insufficient data Rat: > 3570 C2 DEP Rat: Two generation study Rat: 197-267 (m-f): serum testosterone levels, ↓ Maternal: 1016-1375 (m-f): rel liver wt (F0, F1), rel kidney wt (F1), ↑ ↑ frequency of abnormal and tailless sperm ↑ Developmental: 1016-1375 (m-f): pup weight at PND 21 (F1 males, F2) ↓ and PND 4-21 (F1 females), delayed age of onset of vaginal opening (F1). Developmental study Rat: Maternal: 1910: body weight ↓ Developmental: 3200: skeletal variations (supernumerary ribs) ↑ C3 DAP Rat: Insufficient data (double 150 bond) C3 DMEP 291 (intraperitoneal) 1000: testes weight, sperm ↓ skeletal & visceral variations degeneration, ↑ testes atrophy C3 DIBP Developmental study 2000: testes weight, histological changes ↓ Maternal: 500 Developmental: 500: pup weight and trans-abdominal testes migration ↓ ↑ C4 DBP 256-385 (m-f) mg/kg bw/d: testicular Two generation study 52-80 (m-f) mg/kg bw/d: number of live born, pup weight in F1 atrophy and seminiferous tubule ↓ ↓ degeneration in F1 Gestation study 100: seminiferous tubule atrophy, retained nipples
Table 7. Summary of reproductive and developmental effects Backbone C length Phthalate LOAEL (mg/kg bw/d) & endpoint Fertility1 Development C1 DMP Insufficient data Rat: > 3570 C2 DEP Rat: 197-267 (m-f): ↓ serum testosterone levels, ↑ frequency of abnormal and tailless sperm Two generation study Rat: Maternal: 1016-1375 (m-f): ↑ rel liver wt (F0, F1), ↑ rel kidney wt (F1), Developmental: 1016-1375 (m-f): ↓ pup weight at PND 21 (F1 males, F2) and PND 4-21 (F1 females), delayed age of onset of vaginal opening (F1). Developmental study Rat: Maternal: 1910: ↓ body weight Developmental: 3200: ↑ skeletal variations (supernumerary ribs) C3 (double bond) DAP Rat: 150 Insufficient data C3 DMEP 1000: ↓ testes weight, sperm degeneration, testes atrophy 291 (intraperitoneal) ↑ skeletal & visceral variations C3 DIBP 2000: ↓ testes weight, histological changes Developmental study Maternal: 500 Developmental: 500: ↓ pup weight and ↑ trans-abdominal testes migration C4 DBP 256-385 (m-f) mg/kg bw/d: testicular atrophy and seminiferous tubule degeneration in F1 Two generation study 52-80 (m-f) mg/kg bw/d: ↓ number of live born, ↓ pup weight in F1 Gestation study 100: seminiferous tubule atrophy, retained nipples