Minimum error counting juveniles (%) 0.14 0.2 0-0.07 Λ – Juvenile detectability (number of animals in 40 50 20-30 ϊ – a photo for which 50% juveniles are likely to be missed) CV error counting adults 0.33 - 0.5 0-0.16 ϋ Counting error autocorrelation range 0-1 0-1 phiwild B. Impala Population characteristics Population size 1 000-15 000 Nimp Median herd size 5-50 ξ CV herd size 0-0.5 ο Maximum herd home range (km2) 0.5-3 π Individual space (km2) 0.05-0.2 ς Sampling characteristics Distance between transects (km) 4.3-7 0.5-2.7 γimp Flight characteristics Mean flight altitude (feet) Fixed (300) Fixed (300) εimp CV error altitude 0.14-0.2 0-0.07 ζimp Mean flight speed (km/sec) Fixed (0.06) Fixed (0.06) θimp Observer effects Minimum herd detectability (%) 0.05-0.20 0.33-0.5 σ Herd size non-detectability (herd size for 37-50 10-23 τ which there is a 50% chance of missing it) Individual detectability at distance 0 (%) 0.7-0.8 0.9-0.99 υ
Minimum error counting juveniles (%) Juvenile detectability (number of animals in a photo for which 50% juveniles are likely to be missed) CV error counting adults Counting error autocorrelation range Λ ϊ ϋ phiwild 0.14 – 0.2 40 – 50 0.33 - 0.5 0-1 0-0.07 20-30 0-0.16 0-1 B. Impala Population characteristics Population size Median herd size CV herd size Maximum herd home range (km2) Individual space (km2) Nimp ξ ο π ς 1 000-15 000 5-50 0-0.5 0.5-3 0.05-0.2 Sampling characteristics Distance between transects (km) γimp 4.3-7 0.5-2.7 Flight characteristics Mean flight altitude (feet) CV error altitude Mean flight speed (km/sec) εimp ζimp θimp Fixed (300) 0.14-0.2 Fixed (0.06) Fixed (300) 0-0.07 Fixed (0.06) Observer effects Minimum herd detectability (%) Herd size non-detectability (herd size for which there is a 50% chance of missing it) Individual detectability at distance 0 (%) σ τ υ 0.05-0.20 37-50 0.7-0.8 0.33-0.5 10-23 0.9-0.99