Appendix 2: Categories of Abuse and additional information Categories, Definitions and Indicators of Harm (Last Updated April 2017 v4) Type Of Harm Definition Examples Indicators Physical Non-accidental harm to the body. From Hitting, slapping, pinching, History of unexplained falls or minor careless rough handling to direct physical shaking, pushing, scalding, injuries, bruising which is characteristic violence. burning, dragging, kicking, of non-accidental injury hand slap Adults and Children – Unlawful or inappropriate use of restraint physical restraint, locking an marks, pinch marks, grip marks, bite or physical interventions. individual in a room or a car. marks, scalds, flinching, reluctant to undress. Sexual Direct or indirect involvement in sexual Coercion to be involved in the Pregnancy in a women unable to give activity without capacity and/or consent. making or watching of consent, difficulty in walking or sitting Individual did not fully understand or was pornographic material. Coercion with no apparent explanation, torn, Adults and Children pressured into consenting. to touch e.g. of breasts, genitals, stained or bloody underclothes or anus, mouth, masturbation of bedding, Bleeding, bruising to the rectal Note: A under 16 years old can either self or others, penetration and/or vaginal area, bruising. never consent to any sexual act or attempted penetration of Behavioural changes, sexually explicit vagina, anus, mouth with or by behaviour, explicit language, self harm, penis, fingers and or other objects obsession with washing, fear of pregnancy may be exaggerated Emotional Behaviour which has a harmful effect on Shouting, coercion, bullying, Loss of interest, withdrawn, anxious or an individual’s emotional well being or blaming, insulting, ignoring, depressed, frightened, avoiding eye development, causing mental distress threats of harm or abandonment, contact, irritable, aggressive or Adults and Children undermining their self-esteem and intimidation, harassment, challenging behaviour, unexplained affecting individual’s quality of life. humiliation, depriving an sleep disturbance, self harm, refusing to individual of the right to choice
Appendix 2: Categories of Abuse and additional information Categories, Definitions and Indicators of Harm (Last Updated April 2017 v4) Type Of Harm Definition Examples Indicators Physical Adults and Children Non-accidental harm to the body. From careless rough handling to direct physical violence. Unlawful or inappropriate use of restraint or physical interventions. Hitting, slapping, pinching, shaking, pushing, scalding, burning, dragging, kicking, physical restraint, locking an individual in a room or a car. History of unexplained falls or minor injuries, bruising which is characteristic of non-accidental injury – hand slap marks, pinch marks, grip marks, bite marks, scalds, flinching, reluctant to undress. Sexual Adults and Children Direct or indirect involvement in sexual activity without capacity and/or consent. Individual did not fully understand or was pressured into consenting. Note: A under 16 years old can never consent to any sexual act Coercion to be involved in the making or watching of pornographic material. Coercion to touch e.g. of breasts, genitals, anus, mouth, masturbation of either self or others, penetration or attempted penetration of vagina, anus, mouth with or by penis, fingers and or other objects Pregnancy in a women unable to give consent, difficulty in walking or sitting with no apparent explanation, torn, stained or bloody underclothes or bedding, Bleeding, bruising to the rectal and/or vaginal area, bruising. Behavioural changes, sexually explicit behaviour, explicit language, self harm, obsession with washing, fear of pregnancy may be exaggerated Emotional Adults and Children Behaviour which has a harmful effect on an individual’s emotional well being or development, causing mental distress undermining their self-esteem and affecting individual’s quality of life. Shouting, coercion, bullying, blaming, insulting, ignoring, threats of harm or abandonment, intimidation, harassment, humiliation, depriving an individual of the right to choice Loss of interest, withdrawn, anxious or depressed, frightened, avoiding eye contact, irritable, aggressive or challenging behaviour, unexplained sleep disturbance, self harm, refusing to