pathoges such as bacteria and viruses, or pre-cancerous and cancerous cells in the body? do we see increased incidence of In individuals with deficient immune systems such as tumors formation? the elderly and in immunosuppressed individuals, but this is not proof of the existence of Immunosurveillance. What is the cause of tumors Increased lifespan implies increased exposure to development? carcinogens. In what individuals many tumors are In immunosuppressed people. essentially infections, as they are of viral rather than spontaneous origin? Why tumors in immunosuppressed Because they are of viral rather than spontaneous people are infectious? origin. Why would the incidence of nonviral This may be due to adequate NK cell activity, tumors in T cell-deficient individuals be although these topics are still under study. not increased? What cell are present in some tumors, NK cells, T lymphocytes (tumor infiltrating and are associated with a better lymphocytes [TIL]), and macrophage infiltrates. prognosis? What is the common characteristic of Loss of MHC expression and subsequent poor many tumors that allows cells to antigen presentation. escape from T cells? What is the work of some successful They are directed toward upregulating the immune therapeutic advances? system to fight a particular cancer. What do we observe in certain Spontaneous regression of some tumors. therapeutic advances? Why it is possible that It is because of immunoediting. Immunosurveillance itself is ultimately responsible for tumors that can escape the immune system? When it is important to determine If Immunosurveillance is indeed occurring. mechanisms by which tumors escape? When some tumor antigens may be If they are very similar to normal self antigens and poorly immunogenic? induce immune tolerance. What tumor cell may lack? MHC class I, class II, or accessory molecule expression. What kind of resistance can be observed Resistant to the immune response, or the in tumors in people with deficient growth rate regulation by the immune system. immune systems? What prevents interaction with the When soluble antigen released by the tumor may cell? bind to the T cell receptor. What other elements cause some tumors environment. to be immunosuppressive? What are the local environments? Immunosuppressive cytokines such as transforming growth factor-beta.
pathoges such as bacteria and viruses, or pre-cancerous and cancerous cells in the body? do we see increased incidence of tumors formation? In individuals with deficient immune systems such as the elderly and in immunosuppressed individuals, but this is not proof of the existence of Immunosurveillance. What is the cause of tumors development? Increased lifespan implies increased exposure to carcinogens. In what individuals many tumors are essentially infections, as they are of viral rather than spontaneous origin? In immunosuppressed people. Why tumors in immunosuppressed people are infectious? Because they are of viral rather than spontaneous origin. Why would the incidence of nonviral tumors in T cell-deficient individuals be not increased? This may be due to adequate NK cell activity, although these topics are still under study. What cell are present in some tumors, and are associated with a better prognosis? NK cells, T lymphocytes (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [TIL]), and macrophage infiltrates. What is the common characteristic of many tumors that allows cells to escape from T cells? Loss of MHC expression and subsequent poor antigen presentation. What is the work of some successful therapeutic advances? They are directed toward upregulating the immune system to fight a particular cancer. What do we observe in certain therapeutic advances? Spontaneous regression of some tumors. Why it is possible that Immunosurveillance itself is ultimately responsible for tumors that can escape the immune system? It is because of immunoediting. When it is important to determine mechanisms by which tumors escape? If Immunosurveillance is indeed occurring. When some tumor antigens may be poorly immunogenic? If they are very similar to normal self antigens and induce immune tolerance. What tumor cell may lack? MHC class I, class II, or accessory molecule expression. What kind of resistance can be observed in tumors in people with deficient immune systems? Resistant to the immune response, or the growth rate regulation by the immune system. What prevents interaction with the cell? When soluble antigen released by the tumor may bind to the T cell receptor. What other elements cause some tumors to be immunosuppressive? environment. What are the local environments? Immunosuppressive cytokines such as transforming growth factor-beta.