Legislation/Landmark Legislation (cont.) Events Court Cases Founding of NAACP (1909)—W.E.B. DuBois — early civil rights activist who Hernandez v. Texas (1954) — worked to demand rights for African stated that Hispanics could not be War Amendments: Americans excluded from juries 13th Montgomery Bus Boycott —abolished (1955-56)— slavery Brown v. Board of Education year- long protest over segregated bus (1954) — ruled segregation in system in Montgomery, Alabama 14th —granted citizenship to public schools illegal Little Rock Nine (1957) — 9 African all persons born in U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1957 — American students who were escorted Eisenhower’s effort to expand by federal troops to Central High 15th — gave African American voting rights for African School to enforce integration men the right to vote Americans Sit-Ins (1960-61) — peaceful protests Rights Act of 1964 — against segregated lunch counters Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) prohibited discrimination based — Freedom Rides (1961)— efforts to end on race, color, religion, or established the constitutionality segregation on public transportation by ethnicity in the workplace of “separate-but-equal” interracial groups riding buses 24th Amendment Mendez v. Westminster (1947) — — Meredith (`1962)— federal troops (prohibited poll in federal court stated Hispanic students sent to support integration of elections) could not be segregated in University of Mississippi California 1965 Voting Rights Act — Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963)- ended Executive Order 9981, (1948) — poll taxes and literacy tests to outlined Dr. King’s on civil abolished segregation in the prevent discrimination in voting disobedience as means to enact change military practices March on Washington (1963) — Delgado v. Bastrop I.S.D. (1948) — Affirmative Action (1965) — peaceful demonstration for passage of Texas case that ruled increased minority Civil Civil Rights bill; MLK gave his famous segregation of Hispanic students in colleges some businesses Have a Dream” speech “I illegal Edgewood ISD v. Kirby (1984) — Selma March (1965) — protest march Sweatt v. Painter (1950) — court ruled Texas must revise its Rights for voting rights that helped gather Supreme Court decision against school funding system support for Voting Rights Act of 1965 UT for establishing a separate law school for African Americans Movement INSTRUCTIONS: Review the different approaches and leadership of various reform efforts by completing the organizer Hispanic American African Americans Women Americans Indian
Legislation/Landmark Court Cases War Amendments: 13th —abolished slavery 14th —granted citizenship to all persons born in U.S. 15th — gave African American men the right to vote Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) — established the constitutionality of “separate-but-equal” Mendez v. Westminster (1947) — court stated Hispanic students could not be segregated in California Executive Order 9981, (1948) — abolished segregation in the military Delgado v. Bastrop I.S.D. (1948) — Texas case that ruled segregation of Hispanic students illegal Sweatt v. Painter (1950) — Supreme Court decision against UT for establishing a separate law school for African Americans Legislation (cont.) Hernandez v. Texas (1954) — stated that Hispanics could not be excluded from juries Brown v. Board of Education (1954) — ruled segregation in public schools illegal Civil Rights Act of 1957 — Eisenhower’s effort to expand voting rights for African Americans Rights Act of 1964 — prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, or ethnicity in the workplace 24th Amendment — (prohibited poll in federal elections) 1965 Voting Rights Act — ended poll taxes and literacy tests to prevent discrimination in voting practices Affirmative Action (1965) — increased minority in colleges some businesses Edgewood ISD v. Kirby (1984) — court ruled Texas must revise its school funding system Events Founding of NAACP (1909)—W.E.B. DuBois — early civil rights activist who worked to demand rights for African Americans Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-56)— year- long protest over segregated bus system in Montgomery, Alabama Little Rock Nine (1957) — 9 African American students who were escorted by federal troops to Central High School to enforce integration Sit-Ins (1960-61) — peaceful protests against segregated lunch counters Freedom Rides (1961)— efforts to end segregation on public transportation by interracial groups riding buses Meredith (`1962)— federal troops sent to support integration of University of Mississippi Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963)- outlined Dr. King’s on civil disobedience as means to enact change March on Washington (1963) — peaceful demonstration for passage of Civil Rights bill; MLK gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech Selma March (1965) — protest march for voting rights that helped gather support for Voting Rights Act of 1965 Civil Rights Movement INSTRUCTIONS: Review the different approaches and leadership of various reform efforts by completing the organizer African Americans Women Hispanic Americans American Indian