Materials are forwarded to govt. Case may continue w/o govt. cooperation When governments do cooperate, direct contact procedures are often used Reports are published in the ILO Bulletin Procedures the Declaration of Fundamental Rights (Helfer) Annual performance review of all countries that have not joined the eight treaties Report” addressing one of the protected rights in “Global By referring to the idea that have already freely subscribed” to these values, the DG “states creates a space to sharpen and specify the commitments. This allows the Declaration to expand the powers of the ILO, in what some have called a constitutional moment. Two points (Helfer)— The monitoring reduces the advantage of not ratifying, and makes it harder to cheat Mechanisms have also reinforced the argument that labor standards attract FDI/trade Treaty-Making: Are IOs Helping? I. Facilitating Cooperation (drawing on Keohane’s institutionalist work) Enabling iteration Access to information Reducing transaction costs Self-enforcing behavior Property rights Issue linkage Monitoring Mediating disputes Impose sanctions Iteration and Information: IOs promote iteration more than ad hoc conferences by— Previously established rules/procedures, either within IOs or as general guidelines of the future”: institutional precedents constitutionalize balances among states “Shadow assets” of IOs, embodied in the secretariat “Knowledge Experience facilitates institutional learning from past conferences leadership” to propose topics, mobilize collaborators, shape the agenda, “Entrepreneurial build consensus, and broker compromises (Sandholtz on the EC; Rome; UNCLOS) Sometimes assume substantive responsibility for text other than final clauses, as with the Genocide Convention, drafted in large part by secretariat at direction of ECOSOC Small-group settings, like expert bodies further promote iteration— Few repeat players Common backgrounds Long tenure Ability to process large amounts of information, often provided by IO staff Managerial formats likewise create stable venues for iterative discourse ILO strings attached to treaties attempt to maximize iterative discourse: Near-mandatory treaty-making Regular procedures Autonomy Supervisory provisions generate a ton of interaction and information Reduction of Transaction Previously established rules/procedures Assistance of standing secretariats COPs, treaty bodies, IOs reduce costs associated with interpretation and supervision Plenary bodies provide for informal consultations between negotiations Dispute settlers offer a venue to which to defer contentious questions IOs allow pooling of risks, assets, or activities Benefits increase with scale/nesting
Materials are forwarded to govt. Case may continue w/o govt. cooperation When governments do cooperate, direct contact procedures are often used Reports are published in the ILO Bulletin Procedures the Declaration of Fundamental Rights (Helfer) Annual performance review of all countries that have not joined the eight treaties “Global Report” addressing one of the protected rights in By referring to the idea that “states have already freely subscribed” to these values, the DG creates a space to sharpen and specify the commitments. This allows the Declaration to expand the powers of the ILO, in what some have called a constitutional moment. Two points (Helfer)— The monitoring reduces the advantage of not ratifying, and makes it harder to cheat Mechanisms have also reinforced the argument that labor standards attract FDI/trade Treaty-Making: Are IOs Helping? I. Facilitating Cooperation (drawing on Keohane’s institutionalist work) Enabling iteration Access to information Reducing transaction costs Self-enforcing behavior Property rights Issue linkage Monitoring Mediating disputes Impose sanctions Iteration and Information: IOs promote iteration more than ad hoc conferences by— Previously established rules/procedures, either within IOs or as general guidelines “Shadow of the future”: institutional precedents constitutionalize balances among states “Knowledge assets” of IOs, embodied in the secretariat Experience facilitates institutional learning from past conferences “Entrepreneurial leadership” to propose topics, mobilize collaborators, shape the agenda, build consensus, and broker compromises (Sandholtz on the EC; Rome; UNCLOS) Sometimes assume substantive responsibility for text other than final clauses, as with the Genocide Convention, drafted in large part by secretariat at direction of ECOSOC Small-group settings, like expert bodies further promote iteration— Few repeat players Common backgrounds Long tenure Ability to process large amounts of information, often provided by IO staff Managerial formats likewise create stable venues for iterative discourse ILO strings attached to treaties attempt to maximize iterative discourse: Near-mandatory treaty-making Regular procedures Autonomy Supervisory provisions generate a ton of interaction and information Reduction of Transaction Previously established rules/procedures Assistance of standing secretariats COPs, treaty bodies, IOs reduce costs associated with interpretation and supervision Plenary bodies provide for informal consultations between negotiations Dispute settlers offer a venue to which to defer contentious questions IOs allow pooling of risks, assets, or activities Benefits increase with scale/nesting