3.3 Methods of Data Collection Structured Questionnaires and personal interviews were concurrently used to collect data from primary sources. Questionnaires are series of questions each one providing a number of alternative answers from which the respondent can choose (White, 2002). Questionnaires were administered to respondents and were either completed by the respondent themselves or filled in by the researcher during personal interviews. Questionnaires are advantageous in terms of economy, lack of interviewer bias, respondent has adequate time to give well thought answers, respondents who are not easily approachable can also be researched conveniently (Kidder, 1981). The questions were both close-ended and open-ended in order to increase the validity of responses. Only three respondents completed the questionnaires themselves. For the rest of the respondents, personal interview was employed to collect data after it was found most of selected respondents were not punctual in completing the questionnaires. Personal interview is the face-to-face contact between interviewer and interviewee. An interview is advantageous because it has high return rate (Kidder, 1981), flexibility, wide coverage, completeness, control of interview situation and it helps to clarify ambiguous responses and fill in missing gaps. An interview guide, with similar questions as of the questionnaire was used in which the researcher read the questions to the respondents and recorded the responses. The researcher interviewed the respondents himself, some face-to-face and some via mobile phone conversation as they could not immediately be reached.
3.3 Methods of Data Collection Structured Questionnaires and personal interviews were concurrently used to collect data from primary sources. Questionnaires are series of questions each one providing a number of alternative answers from which the respondent can choose (White, 2002). Questionnaires were administered to respondents and were either completed by the respondent themselves or filled in by the researcher during personal interviews. Questionnaires are advantageous in terms of economy, lack of interviewer bias, respondent has adequate time to give well thought answers, respondents who are not easily approachable can also be researched conveniently (Kidder, 1981). The questions were both close-ended and open-ended in order to increase the validity of responses. Only three respondents completed the questionnaires themselves. For the rest of the respondents, personal interview was employed to collect data after it was found most of selected respondents were not punctual in completing the questionnaires. Personal interview is the face-to-face contact between interviewer and interviewee. An interview is advantageous because it has high return rate (Kidder, 1981), flexibility, wide coverage, completeness, control of interview situation and it helps to clarify ambiguous responses and fill in missing gaps. An interview guide, with similar questions as of the questionnaire was used in which the researcher read the questions to the respondents and recorded the responses. The researcher interviewed the respondents himself, some face-to-face and some via mobile phone conversation as they could not immediately be reached.