The Effects of Biases on Leadership Appraisals A Test of Y Y Y Y F ONLY Leadership Catigorization Nye and Forsyth 1991 Theory Leadership Ratings: Y Y Y N Toward Focusing More on Uleman 1991 Specific Behaviors Leadership and Social Intelligence: Linking Social Perspectiveness and N N N N Behavioral Flexibility to Zaccaro et al 1991 Leader Effectiveness Sex and Gender Differences in Group N N N N Communications: Impact Andrews 1992 on the Facilitation Process Gender Orientation and N Gurman and Long 1992 Emergent Leader Behavior The Effect of Leader's Sex on Performance and no direction on Leadership Behavior Y Y Y Y Y, no Ns N reported under Varying Group Verkerk 1993 Compositions Perceptions of Appropriate Leadership Participation Versus Y Y Y Y F ONLY Consultation Across Two Campbell et al 1993 Cultures Leaders' Gender-Role as a Correlate of Subordinates' Perceptions of Y Y Y Y N N N Effectiveness and Hackman et al 1993 Satisfaction Perceptions of Effectiveness and the Y Y Y Y Y No SDs N N Satisfaction of Principals Johnson and Holdway 1993 in Elementary Schools Managers' Conflict Y Y Y Y N N N Management Style and Korabik et al 1993 Leadership Effectiveness:
Nye and Forsyth 1991 The Effects of Biases on Leadership Appraisals A Test of Leadership Catigorization Theory Y Y Y Y F ONLY Uleman 1991 Leadership Ratings: Toward Focusing More on Specific Behaviors Y Y Y N Zaccaro et al 1991 Leadership and Social Intelligence: Linking Social Perspectiveness and Behavioral Flexibility to Leader Effectiveness N N N N Andrews 1992 Sex and Gender Differences in Group Communications: Impact on the Facilitation Process N N N N Gurman and Long 1992 Gender Orientation and Emergent Leader Behavior N Verkerk 1993 The Effect of Leader's Sex on Performance and on Leadership Behavior under Varying Group Compositions Y Y Y Y Y, no Ns no direction reported N Campbell et al 1993 Perceptions of Appropriate Leadership Participation Versus Consultation Across Two Cultures Y Y Y Y F ONLY Hackman et al 1993 Leaders' Gender-Role as a Correlate of Subordinates' Perceptions of Effectiveness and Satisfaction Y Y Y Y N N N Johnson and Holdway 1993 Perceptions of Effectiveness and the Satisfaction of Principals in Elementary Schools Y Y Y Y Y No SDs N N Korabik et al 1993 Managers' Conflict Management Style and Leadership Effectiveness: Y Y Y Y N N N