data requirements. Finally, the interdisciplinary character of modern deep drilling projects not only requires a constant adaptation to methodological innovations, but also targeted scientific training components. Therefore, thematic workshops, network training events and/or field schools, particularly for early stage researchers, should be an integrative part of interdisciplinary deep drilling campaigns. Glossary Available space for accumulation of sediments. Accommodation space: Rapid diversification of species accompanied by adaptation into various niches. Adaptive radiation: The term is used both to describe an evolutionary process as well as the result of this process. Synthetic model that explains the relationship between sediment depth and sediment model: age in depositional environments. Speciation due to the evolution of (geographical) Allopatric speciation (= geographical speciation): reproductive barriers in populations that prevent or interfere with gene flow. Spontaneous reaction describing the interconversion between the chiral Amino acid racemization: forms of an amino acid. Relative dating framework based on the extent of amino acid racemization in Aminostratigraphy: subfossil biominerals. Directional evolutionary change from an ancestor species to a descendant species without Anagenesis: lineage splitting (also see chronospecies). The amount of heterogeneity that is present in an ancestral population prior Ancestral polymorphism: to the separation of the descending species. Reconstruction of ancestral phenotypic or genetic states of species Ancestral state reconstruction: along a phylogenetic tree based on information of extant taxa. A lake that has continuously existed for > 100 ky or even > 1 My. The meaning of the Ancient lake: term is not universally accepted. Some authors use this term synonymously with lake’. ‘long-lived
data requirements. Finally, the interdisciplinary character of modern deep drilling projects not only requires a constant adaptation to methodological innovations, but also targeted scientific training components. Therefore, thematic workshops, network training events and/or field schools, particularly for early stage researchers, should be an integrative part of interdisciplinary deep drilling campaigns. Glossary Accommodation space: Available space for accumulation of sediments. Adaptive radiation: Rapid diversification of species accompanied by adaptation into various niches. The term is used both to describe an evolutionary process as well as the result of this process. model: Synthetic model that explains the relationship between sediment depth and sediment age in depositional environments. Allopatric speciation (= geographical speciation): Speciation due to the evolution of (geographical) reproductive barriers in populations that prevent or interfere with gene flow. Amino acid racemization: Spontaneous reaction describing the interconversion between the chiral forms of an amino acid. Aminostratigraphy: Relative dating framework based on the extent of amino acid racemization in subfossil biominerals. Anagenesis: Directional evolutionary change from an ancestor species to a descendant species without lineage splitting (also see chronospecies). Ancestral polymorphism: The amount of heterogeneity that is present in an ancestral population prior to the separation of the descending species. Ancestral state reconstruction: Reconstruction of ancestral phenotypic or genetic states of species along a phylogenetic tree based on information of extant taxa. Ancient lake: A lake that has continuously existed for > 100 ky or even > 1 My. The meaning of the term is not universally accepted. Some authors use this term synonymously with ‘long-lived lake’.