Seismic waves carry energy from the focus, through rock in the crust and onto the Earth’s surface. are 3 types of seismic waves: primary waves compress and secondary waves vibrate surface waves roll the ground expand like an accordion; from side to side or up with a wave-like motion. they move the fastest of and down in an They are the slowest, but “s” the three types motion most destructive! VOLCANOES: Volcanoes can occur as a result of divergent and convergent plate movement. They can also occur in hot spots. A hot spot is an area of volcanic activity that is not near a plate boundary. When a hot spot forms under a tectonic plate, the hot spot stays in one place, while the plate moves slowly over it. This movement produces a chain of volcanoes. The Hawaiian Islands are a chain of volcanoes that formed this way. Volcanoes mostly occur at convergent boundaries where continental crust meets oceanic crust. The more dense oceanic plates sink underneath the less dense continental plates. This is called a subduction zone. The edge of the oceanic plate sinks into the mantle and melts. The pressure and heat then build in this area, push through the mountain made from the convergent plates and eventually will erupt to form a volcano (because pressure builds up). There is no difference between lava and magma. We just call it magma if it is below Earth’s surface and we call it lava once it reaches Earth’s surface. The Ring of Fire is an area in the Pacific Ocean that has many earthquakes and volcanoes. The map below shows the Ring of Fire. You can see that it matches plate boundaries around the edge of the pacific ocean. Nearly 75% of Earth’s volcanoes are located along the Ring of Fire.
Seismic waves carry energy from the focus, through rock in the crust and onto the Earth’s surface. are 3 types of seismic waves: primary waves compress and secondary waves vibrate surface waves roll the ground expand like an accordion; from side to side or up with a wave-like motion. they move the fastest of and down in an “s” They are the slowest, but the three types motion most destructive! VOLCANOES: Volcanoes can occur as a result of divergent and convergent plate movement. They can also occur in hot spots. A hot spot is an area of volcanic activity that is not near a plate boundary. When a hot spot forms under a tectonic plate, the hot spot stays in one place, while the plate moves slowly over it. This movement produces a chain of volcanoes. The Hawaiian Islands are a chain of volcanoes that formed this way. Volcanoes mostly occur at convergent boundaries where continental crust meets oceanic crust. The more dense oceanic plates sink underneath the less dense continental plates. This is called a subduction zone. The edge of the oceanic plate sinks into the mantle and melts. The pressure and heat then build in this area, push through the mountain made from the convergent plates and eventually will erupt to form a volcano (because pressure builds up). There is no difference between lava and magma. We just call it magma if it is below Earth’s surface and we call it lava once it reaches Earth’s surface. The Ring of Fire is an area in the Pacific Ocean that has many earthquakes and volcanoes. The map below shows the Ring of Fire. You can see that it matches plate boundaries around the edge of the pacific ocean. Nearly 75% of Earth’s volcanoes are located along the Ring of Fire.