1 Pi Pi vs. 1: 4 CI) for 0.32mM 1.30 quartile Pi baseline (95% increase: NS) NS) 0.32mM quintile quartile for each Pi vs. in for 1 range. 4 vs. per (1.01-1.34) for 5 for 0.81-0.97mM increase Increase Pi 1.17 (1.02-1.58) (0.95-1.57) (1.00-1.53) (1.16-1.57) increase vs. 0.32mM increase quartile increase normal Pi quartile (0.88-1.21, (0.97-1.70, SD (1.10-1.54) Risk OR quintile (1.15-16.65) (1.09-1.61) Pi 1.27 1.22 1.24 1.35 Pi each per (1.05-1.63) the 1.03 1.28 (1.16-2.07) (1.09-1.66) 4.25 1.32 OR 0.16mM for for 1.31 HR 1.55 HR 1.35 Adjusted HR HR Adjusted within HR averaged HR HR each peripheral infarction, concentrations or failure later disease mortality calcification heart failure 5 disease Infarction myocardial infarction phosphate heart Death Stroke Mortality Mortality Outcome echo coronary TIA, on vascular serum Myocardial Myocardial outcome; symptomatic Coronary Cardiovascular LVH by stroke, New Increased Composite angina, mortality or 2y 5y 5y 5y 16y 13y 15y F/U outcomes N 950 3,490 4,127 3,368 4,055 3,015 13,822 or CVD early adults; adults; 44 25 25 cohort a cardiovascular CKD 41ml/min with creatinine statin age age age median diabetic in population myocardial young young II Population mean mean mean CKD; pressure without Type Post patients symptomatic reporting Patients Healthy Community clearance estimated Healthy Healthy infarction Studies 1.1 year 2005 2005 2007 2008 2009 Foley Foley Foley 2009a 2009b Author Tonelli Dhingra Chonchol Kestenbaum Table Table 1.1 Studies reporting cardiovascular outcomes or mortality by serum phosphate concentrations within the normal range
Table 1.1 Studies reporting cardiovascular outcomes or mortality by serum phosphate concentrations within the normal range. Adjusted Risk Increase (95% CI) HR 1.32 (1.09-1.61) for Pi vs. 0.81-0.97mM HR 1.35 (1.09-1.66) for each 0.32mM Pi increase HR for each 0.32mM Pi increase: 1.27 (1.02-1.58) 1.22 (0.95-1.57) 1.24 (1.00-1.53) HR 1.31 (1.05-1.63) per 0.32mM Pi increase HR 1.55 (1.16-2.07) for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 HR for Pi quintile 5 vs. quintile 1: 1.03 (0.88-1.21, NS) 1.28 (0.97-1.70, NS) 1.35 (1.16-1.57) HR 4.25 (1.15-16.65) for Pi quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 OR per SD Pi increase 1.30 (1.10-1.54) Adjusted OR 1.17 (1.01-1.34) for each 0.16mM increase in baseline Pi Outcome Mortality Myocardial Infarction Mortality New symptomatic heart failure Myocardial infarction Composite outcome; myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, TIA, failure or peripheral vascular disease Coronary heart disease Stroke Death Cardiovascular mortality LVH on echo 5 later Increased coronary calcification F/U 2y 5y 16y 13y 5y 5y 15y N 3,490 4,127 3,368 13,822 950 4,055 3,015 Population Patients with early CKD; median estimated creatinine clearance 41ml/min Post myocardial infarction statin Healthy population without CKD or symptomatic CVD mean age 44 Community cohort Type II diabetic patients in a pressure Healthy young adults; mean age 25 Healthy young adults; mean age 25 Author year Kestenbaum 2005 Tonelli 2005 Dhingra 2007 Foley 2008 Chonchol 2009 Foley 2009a Foley 2009b Table 1.1 Studies reporting cardiovascular outcomes or mortality by serum phosphate concentrations within the normal range averaged