Urinary System Investigation (Pgs. 455- 473) Name ________KEY____________________ What are the four major organs of the urinary system? Briefly explain the function of each of them. Kidneys - eliminate nitrogenous wastes, toxins, and drugs from the body (manufacture urine), maintain blood's volume & chemical makeup, & help regulate blood pressure Ureters - tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder Urinary Bladder - serves as a temporary storage reservoir for urine Urethra - canal through which urine passes from the bladder to the outside of the body On page 456, the book explains two different hormones that an organ from the urinary system makes, what are they and briefly explain what each does. Renin—help regulate blood pressure Erythropoietin—stimulates red cell production in bone marrow Many believe the kidneys are in your lower back, but this is not the case. Where are they located? Retroperitoneal--(beneath the parietal peritoneum) in the superior lumbar position (from the T12 to the L3 vertebrae) What glands are located on the superior portion of each kidney? __Adrenal glands________ What is the difference between the renal and adipose capsules of the kidneys? Renal capsule--fibrous transparent layer that encloses each kidney Adipose capsule--a fatty mass that surrounds each kidney and helps hold it in place against the muscles of the trunk wall What are the three major layers of each kidney and where are they in relation to each other? Use the diagram on 458 to help. Include a very simple drawing. Renal Cortex--outer layer Renal Medulla--middle layer Renal Pelvis--inside basin-like cavity Briefly explain how the calyces and the pelvis are involved in urine movement. The calyces are cup-shaped within the interior of the kidney that collect urine as it continuously drains into the renal pelvis (basin-like cavity that is connected to the ureter).
Urinary System Investigation (Pgs. 455- 473) Name ________KEY____________________ What are the four major organs of the urinary system? Briefly explain the function of each of them. Kidneys - eliminate nitrogenous wastes, toxins, and drugs from the body (manufacture urine), maintain blood's volume & chemical makeup, & help regulate blood pressure Ureters - tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder Urinary Bladder - serves as a temporary storage reservoir for urine Urethra - canal through which urine passes from the bladder to the outside of the body On page 456, the book explains two different hormones that an organ from the urinary system makes, what are they and briefly explain what each does. Renin—help regulate blood pressure Erythropoietin—stimulates red cell production in bone marrow Many believe the kidneys are in your lower back, but this is not the case. Where are they located? Retroperitoneal--(beneath the parietal peritoneum) in the superior lumbar position (from the T12 to the L3 vertebrae) What glands are located on the superior portion of each kidney? __Adrenal glands________ What is the difference between the renal and adipose capsules of the kidneys? Renal capsule--fibrous transparent layer that encloses each kidney Adipose capsule--a fatty mass that surrounds each kidney and helps hold it in place against the muscles of the trunk wall What are the three major layers of each kidney and where are they in relation to each other? Use the diagram on 458 to help. Include a very simple drawing. Renal Cortex--outer layer Renal Medulla--middle layer Renal Pelvis--inside basin-like cavity Briefly explain how the calyces and the pelvis are involved in urine movement. The calyces are cup-shaped within the interior of the kidney that collect urine as it continuously drains into the renal pelvis (basin-like cavity that is connected to the ureter).