Unit 2: Nature’s Chemistry Topic 2: Hydrocarbons How well I have understood () LEVEL NOTES AFTER COMPLETING THIS TOPIC YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: N4 N5 (Page) State fractional distillation of crude oil yields more long-chain hydrocarbons than are N4 31 - 32 useful for present-day industrial purposes. State cracking is an industrial method for producing a mixture of smaller, more useful N4 32 - 33 molecules. State a catalyst allows the reaction to take place at a lower temperature. N4 33 Describe how cracking can be carried out in the laboratory using an aluminium oxide or N4 32 -33 silicate catalyst. State cracking produces a mixture of alkanes (saturated hydrocarbons) and alkenes N4 33 - 34 (unsaturated hydrocarbons). ALKANES N4 N4 A HYDROCARBON FAMILY Candle wax, petrol, diesel, bottled gas are all HYDROCARBONS that are obtained from crude oil fractions. All these hydrocarbons belong to a group of compounds called the ALKANES. The simplest alkane is methane, CH4 . The hydrocarbon, which is in natural gas. ALKANE FORMULAE There are a number of ways to show the formula of a molecule. CH4 methane molecular covalent bonding full structural formula formula
Unit 2: Nature’s Chemistry Topic 2: Hydrocarbons LEVEL N4 N5 AFTER COMPLETING THIS TOPIC YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: NOTES (Page) How well I have understood () N4 State fractional distillation of crude oil yields more long-chain hydrocarbons than are useful for present-day industrial purposes. 31 - 32 N4 State cracking is an industrial method for producing a mixture of smaller, more useful molecules. 32 - 33 N4 State a catalyst allows the reaction to take place at a lower temperature. 33 N4 Describe how cracking can be carried out in the laboratory using an aluminium oxide or silicate catalyst. 32 -33 N4 State cracking produces a mixture of alkanes (saturated hydrocarbons) and alkenes (unsaturated hydrocarbons). 33 - 34 N4 ALKANES N4 A HYDROCARBON FAMILY Candle wax, petrol, diesel, bottled gas are all HYDROCARBONS that are obtained from crude oil fractions. All these hydrocarbons belong to a group of compounds called the ALKANES. The simplest alkane is methane, CH4 . The hydrocarbon, which is in natural gas. ALKANE FORMULAE There are a number of ways to show the formula of a molecule. methane CH4 molecular formula covalent bonding full structural formula