excessive loss of bicarbonate due to increased renal excretion (decreased tubular reclamation) or excessive loss of duodenal fluid (as in diarrhea) In Metabolic Acidosis the ratio of Decreased because of the primary decrease in is decreased or increased? bicarbonate. What is the resulting drop in pH in Metabolic The resulting drop in pH stimulates Acidosis? respiratory compensation via hyperventilation, which lowers PCO2 and thereby increases the pH Anion gap is increased or decreased in Increased Metabolic Acidosis? What is the first indication of a metabolic the presence of an elevated anion gap acidosis? What test should be used for assessing the should be assessed in the electrolyte profiles presence of an elevated gap? of all patients What is Respiratory compensatory mechanism The decrease in pH stimulates in metabolic acidosis? hyperventilation (Kussmaul respiration) which results in: 1. The elimination of carbonic acid as CO2 2. A decrease in PCO2 (hypocapnia) 3. A decrease in cdCO2 What is Kussmaul breathing? Is a deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure When Metabolic Alkalosis occurs? 1. Excess base is to the system 2. Base eliminations decreased 3. Acid-rich fluids are lost In the Metabolic Alkalosis the ratio of increased because of the primary increase in is increased or decreased? bicarbonate What is Respiratory compensatory mechanism The patient will hypoventilate to raise PCO2, in metabolic alkalosis? thereby lowering the pH stored normal What are some compensatory mechanisms in It will include both respiratory and metabolic alkalosis? compensation. The increase in pH depresses the respiratory center, causing retention of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia), which in turn causes an increase in cH2CO3 and cdCO2. The kidneys respond to the state of alkalosis by decreased Na+-H+ exchange, decreased formation of ammonia and decreased reclamation of bicarbonate What is respiratory acidosis? Any condition that decreases elimination of carbon dioxide through the lungs results in an increase in PCO2 (hypercapnia) and dCO2 (respiratory acidosis).
excessive loss of bicarbonate due to increased renal excretion (decreased tubular reclamation) or excessive loss of duodenal fluid (as in diarrhea) In Metabolic Acidosis the ratio of is decreased or increased? Decreased because of the primary decrease in bicarbonate. What is the resulting drop in pH in Metabolic Acidosis? The resulting drop in pH stimulates respiratory compensation via hyperventilation, which lowers PCO2 and thereby increases the pH Anion gap is increased or decreased in Metabolic Acidosis? Increased What is the first indication of a metabolic acidosis? the presence of an elevated anion gap What test should be used for assessing the presence of an elevated gap? should be assessed in the electrolyte profiles of all patients What is Respiratory compensatory mechanism in metabolic acidosis? The decrease in pH stimulates hyperventilation (Kussmaul respiration) which results in: 1. The elimination of carbonic acid as CO2 2. A decrease in PCO2 (hypocapnia) 3. A decrease in cdCO2 What is Kussmaul breathing? Is a deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure When Metabolic Alkalosis occurs? 1. Excess base is to the system 2. Base eliminations decreased 3. Acid-rich fluids are lost In the Metabolic Alkalosis the ratio of is increased or decreased? increased because of the primary increase in bicarbonate What is Respiratory compensatory mechanism in metabolic alkalosis? The patient will hypoventilate to raise PCO2, thereby lowering the pH stored normal What are some compensatory mechanisms in metabolic alkalosis? It will include both respiratory and compensation. The increase in pH depresses the respiratory center, causing retention of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia), which in turn causes an increase in cH2CO3 and cdCO2. The kidneys respond to the state of alkalosis by decreased Na+-H+ exchange, decreased formation of ammonia and decreased reclamation of bicarbonate What is respiratory acidosis? Any condition that decreases elimination of carbon dioxide through the lungs results in an increase in PCO2 (hypercapnia) and dCO2 (respiratory acidosis).