GTG CAC CTC ACT CCA GAG GAG (Normal Hemoglobin) mRNA amino acids GTG CAC CTC ACT CCA GTG GAG (Sickle Cell Hemoglobin) mRNA amino acids Circle any differences there are in the DNA, RNA and amino acid sequences that might exist between these two sequences. Identify the type of mutation that is represented AND EXPLAIN, IN DETAIL, what effect this would have on the protein/pigment (be sure to mention the types of functional groups on the amino acids and how this would affect shape of the molecule). In prokaryotic cells, translation begins before transcription is finished. Give two reasons why this would not be possible in eukaryotic cells. The restriction enzyme EcoRI cleaves double-stranded DNA at the sequence 5'-GAATTC-3' and the restriction enzyme HindIII cleaves at 5'-AAGCTT-3'. A 20 kb circular plasmid is digested with each enzyme individually and then in combination, and the resulting fragment sizes are determined by means of electrophoresis. The results are as follows: Make a diagram of the circular molecule and indicate the relative positions of the EcoRI and HindIII restriction sites. (Hint: place one EcoRI site at '12 o'clock' and position the remainder relative to this site.) A goat can produce milk containing the same polymers present in the silk produced by spiders when particular genes from a spider are inserted into the goat’s genome. How is the possible? (Hint: Think in terms of machinery and mechanism of gene expression) Multiple Choice: The human genome appears to have only one-third more genes than the simple nematode. Which of the following explains how the more complex human can have relatively few genes? The unusually long introns in human genes are involved in regulation of gene expression. More than one polypeptide can be produced from a gene by alternative splicing The genome has a high proportion of noncoding DNA Human genes code for many more types of domains What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized? The origins of replication occur only at the 5’ end. Helicases and single-stranded binding proteins work at the 5’ end DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3’ end of a growing strand DNA ligase works only in the 3’-> 5’ direction
GTG CAC CTC ACT CCA GAG GAG (Normal Hemoglobin) mRNA amino acids GTG CAC CTC ACT CCA GTG GAG (Sickle Cell Hemoglobin) mRNA amino acids Circle any differences there are in the DNA, RNA and amino acid sequences that might exist between these two sequences. Identify the type of mutation that is represented AND EXPLAIN, IN DETAIL, what effect this would have on the protein/pigment (be sure to mention the types of functional groups on the amino acids and how this would affect shape of the molecule). In prokaryotic cells, translation begins before transcription is finished. Give two reasons why this would not be possible in eukaryotic cells. The restriction enzyme EcoRI cleaves double-stranded DNA at the sequence 5'-GAATTC-3' and the restriction enzyme HindIII cleaves at 5'-AAGCTT-3'. A 20 kb circular plasmid is digested with each enzyme individually and then in combination, and the resulting fragment sizes are determined by means of electrophoresis. The results are as follows: Make a diagram of the circular molecule and indicate the relative positions of the EcoRI and HindIII restriction sites. (Hint: place one EcoRI site at '12 o'clock' and position the remainder relative to this site.) A goat can produce milk containing the same polymers present in the silk produced by spiders when particular genes from a spider are inserted into the goat’s genome. How is the possible? (Hint: Think in terms of machinery and mechanism of gene expression) Multiple Choice: The human genome appears to have only one-third more genes than the simple nematode. Which of the following explains how the more complex human can have relatively few genes? The unusually long introns in human genes are involved in regulation of gene expression. More than one polypeptide can be produced from a gene by alternative splicing The genome has a high proportion of noncoding DNA Human genes code for many more types of domains What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized? The origins of replication occur only at the 5’ end. Helicases and single-stranded binding proteins work at the 5’ end DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3’ end of a growing strand DNA ligase works only in the 3’-> 5’ direction