strength value for that lure, (i.e., = + The Old/New confidence rating for m0i m0i f0i r0i). this simulated test item is equal to the highest confidence criterion exceeded by If m0i. did not exceed the Old/New criterion (i.e., if it did not exceed the confidence m0i criterion for a confidence rating of 4), a "new" decision was made, the confidence rating (1, 2 or 3) was recorded, and the next test item was considered. If instead exceeded m0i the Old/New criterion (i.e., if it exceeded the confidence criterion for a rating of 4 or more), then an "old" decision was made, the confidence rating (4, 5 or 6) was recorded, and a Remember, Know or Guess judgment was made. To make that judgment, (the r0i recollection value) was first checked against the Remember criterion on the recollection dimension. If its value exceeded the Remember criterion (i.e., if this item generated a strong enough sense of recollection), then a Remember judgment was recorded. Because the item in this example is a lure, this would be a Remember false alarm. If its value did not exceed the Remember criterion, was then checked against the Know criterion on f0i the familiarity dimension. If its value exceeded the Know criterion (i.e., if this item generated a strong enough sense of familiarity), a Know judgment was recorded. If its value did not exceed the Know criterion, a Guess judgment was made. Once this judgment was made, the next test item was considered (and so on for 1000 targets and 1000 lures). Although neither the confidence criteria nor the Remember and Know criteria are assumed to be variable, the nevertheless generates data that create the appearance of criterion variability from the point of view of the unidimensional model. That is, Remember and Know judgments will generally share more than one confidence rating. Moreover, the model often yields a Remember/Know z-ROC slope that is closer to 1 than
strength value for that lure, m0i (i.e., m0i = f0i + r0i). The Old/New confidence rating for this simulated test item is equal to the highest confidence criterion exceeded by m0i. If m0i did not exceed the Old/New criterion (i.e., if it did not exceed the confidence criterion for a confidence rating of 4), a "new" decision was made, the confidence rating (1, 2 or 3) was recorded, and the next test item was considered. If m0i instead exceeded the Old/New criterion (i.e., if it exceeded the confidence criterion for a rating of 4 or more), then an "old" decision was made, the confidence rating (4, 5 or 6) was recorded, and a Remember, Know or Guess judgment was made. To make that judgment, r0i (the recollection value) was first checked against the Remember criterion on the recollection dimension. If its value exceeded the Remember criterion (i.e., if this item generated a strong enough sense of recollection), then a Remember judgment was recorded. Because the item in this example is a lure, this would be a Remember false alarm. If its value did not exceed the Remember criterion, f0i was then checked against the Know criterion on the familiarity dimension. If its value exceeded the Know criterion (i.e., if this item generated a strong enough sense of familiarity), a Know judgment was recorded. If its value did not exceed the Know criterion, a Guess judgment was made. Once this judgment was made, the next test item was considered (and so on for 1000 targets and 1000 lures). Although neither the confidence criteria nor the Remember and Know criteria are assumed to be variable, the nevertheless generates data that create the appearance of criterion variability from the point of view of the unidimensional model. That is, Remember and Know judgments will generally share more than one confidence rating. Moreover, the model often yields a Remember/Know z-ROC slope that is closer to 1 than