exception for combat amputees. Veterans reported not being listened to when seeking treatment for phantom pains, and self-medicating with alcohol. 18 Sherman Survey. Prevalence = 2694 veterans with combat or service-related Very high prevalence of moderately et al N (1984) USA1 of phantom pain. amputations (100% male, = 53 yrs, intense phantom pain. Many have given M(age) M(time) = 28 yrs). up on treatments and have had poor experiences with clinicians. 19 Stewart and Epidemiological = 98 veterans with combat-related traumatic 50-year costs of prosthetic limb N Jain (1999) UK survey. Analysis of limb-loss (100% male, = 74 yrs, = provision estimated at £69 million. M(age) M(time) prosthetic costs over 48 yrs) 50 year period. 20 Taghipour Survey. Long-term = 141 veterans of Iran-Iraq war with Poorer mental and physical HRQoL et al N (2009) Iran QoL outcomes in traumatic lower limb-loss (100% male, among amputees compared to lower-limb amputees = 45.2 yrs, = 21.6 yrs) population norms. Low back pain most M(age) M(time) important contributor to poorer HRQoL. 21 Wartan Survey. Prevalence = 590 members of BLESMA with traumatic limb High prevalence of phantom limb pain et al N (1997) UK of phantom and loss (100% male, = 73 yrs, = 50 and stump pain. Intensity of phantom M(age) M(time) stump pain. yrs) sensations a significant predictor for time-course duration of phantom pain. Key: took place at USA Veterans Administration (VA). = above knee; = below knee; = British Limbless 1Study AK BK BLESMA Association; = Cumulative trauma disorder; = Osteoarthritis; = Operating Iraqi Freedom (Iraq); = Operation CTD OA OIF OEF Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan); = Post-traumatic stress disorder; = Quality of life (Health-related = HRQoL). PTSD QoL
exception for combat amputees. Veterans reported not being listened to when seeking treatment for phantom pains, and self-medicating with alcohol. 18 Sherman et al (1984) USA1 Survey. Prevalence of phantom pain. N = 2694 veterans with combat or service-related amputations (100% male, M(age) = 53 yrs, M(time) = 28 yrs). Very high prevalence of moderately intense phantom pain. Many have given up on treatments and have had poor experiences with clinicians. 19 Stewart and Jain (1999) UK Epidemiological survey. Analysis of prosthetic costs over 50 year period. N = 98 veterans with combat-related traumatic limb-loss (100% male, M(age) = 74 yrs, M(time) = 48 yrs) 50-year costs of prosthetic limb provision estimated at £69 million. 20 Taghipour et al (2009) Iran Survey. Long-term QoL outcomes in lower-limb amputees N = 141 veterans of Iran-Iraq war with traumatic lower limb-loss (100% male, M(age) = 45.2 yrs, M(time) = 21.6 yrs) Poorer mental and physical HRQoL among amputees compared to population norms. Low back pain most important contributor to poorer HRQoL. 21 Wartan et al (1997) UK Survey. Prevalence of phantom and stump pain. N = 590 members of BLESMA with traumatic limb loss (100% male, M(age) = 73 yrs, M(time) = 50 yrs) High prevalence of phantom limb pain and stump pain. Intensity of phantom sensations a significant predictor for time-course duration of phantom pain. Key: 1Study took place at USA Veterans Administration (VA). AK = above knee; BK = below knee; BLESMA = British Limbless Association; CTD = Cumulative trauma disorder; OA = Osteoarthritis; OIF = Operating Iraqi Freedom (Iraq); OEF = Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan); PTSD = Post-traumatic stress disorder; QoL = Quality of life (Health-related = HRQoL).