Horizontal type, Spectral, T62 (Gaussian, 94 Spectral, T159 (linear resolution (grid type, in x 192 for dynamics and reduced Gaussian grid 160 latitude x longitude) physics) by up to 320, declining for latitudes >27o), (Hortal and Simmons, 1991) Vertical coordinate type, Sigma, 28 Hybrid sigma (Simmons number of levels and Burridge, 1981), 60 Horizontal grid, levels 2.5o latitude by 2.5o 2.5o latitude by 2.5o used here longitude, 17 levels longitude, 17 levels Parameterizations Orography Smoothed mean orography Smoothed mean to remove Gibbs orography oscillations. Land surface Pan and Mahrt (1987), Viterbo and Beljaars Mahrt and Pan (1984) Soil (1995) moisture correction based Van den Hurk et al (2000) on model minus observed precipitation PBL Hong and Pan (1996) Beljaars and Viterbo (1998), Viterbo et al. (1999) Radiation Chou (1992), Chou and Lee Morcrette et al (2002a), (1996) (shortwave) (shortwave), Morcrette et Fels and Schwarztkopf al (2002b), (longwave) (1975) (longwave) See also Gregory et al. (2000) Time varying radiatively No (CO2 constant) / No Yes (CO2, CH4, N2O, active: gases / aerosols CFC-11, CFC-12, based (i.e. volcanic eruptions) on Houghton, et al., 1996) / No Convection Simplified Arakawa Tiedtke (1989) type, see Schubert, Grell (1993) Gregory et al. (2000)
Horizontal type, resolution (grid type, in latitude x longitude) Spectral, T62 (Gaussian, 94 x 192 for dynamics and physics) Spectral, T159 (linear reduced Gaussian grid 160 by up to 320, declining for latitudes >27o), (Hortal and Simmons, 1991) Vertical coordinate type, number of levels Sigma, 28 Hybrid sigma (Simmons and Burridge, 1981), 60 Horizontal grid, levels used here 2.5o latitude by 2.5o longitude, 17 levels 2.5o latitude by 2.5o longitude, 17 levels Parameterizations Orography Smoothed mean orography to remove Gibbs oscillations. Smoothed mean orography Land surface Pan and Mahrt (1987), Mahrt and Pan (1984) Soil moisture correction based on model minus observed precipitation Viterbo and Beljaars (1995) Van den Hurk et al (2000) PBL Hong and Pan (1996) Beljaars and Viterbo (1998), Viterbo et al. (1999) Radiation Chou (1992), Chou and Lee (1996) (shortwave) Fels and Schwarztkopf (1975) (longwave) Morcrette et al (2002a), (shortwave), Morcrette et al (2002b), (longwave) See also Gregory et al. (2000) Time varying radiatively active: gases / aerosols (i.e. volcanic eruptions) No (CO2 constant) / No Yes (CO2, CH4, N2O, CFC-11, CFC-12, based on Houghton, et al., 1996) / No Convection Simplified Arakawa Schubert, Grell (1993) Tiedtke (1989) type, see Gregory et al. (2000)