COMMON PLANTS OF CARBONIFEROUS 1.Lycopods or Lycopsids - club mosses 2.Sphenopsids - horsetails, scouring rushes 3.Ferns 4.Gymnosperms a.Seed ferns b.Cordaites c.Conifers d.Ginkgoes 81 LYCOPODS OR LYCOPSIDS Lycopodophyta or Lycopsida Phylum mosses, scale trees Spore-bearing plants were confined to swamps because spores Club require moisture to germinate. grew to be 30 m tall and 1 m diameter. Some Silurian to Holocene. (Only a few species persisted after Permian.) Geologic genera = Lepidodendron and Sigillaria. Common 82 SPHENOPSIDS Equisetaphyta or Sphenopsida Phylum and similar to living horsetails or scouring rushes. Spore-bearing as living in moist areas or standing water. Interpreted range: Devonian to Holocene. (But only a few persisted after Permian.) Geologic genus = Calamites Common 83 FERNS Polypodiophyta Phylum are vascular plants that reproduce by means of spores. Ferns live in moist habitats. They range: Devonian to Holocene. Geologic 84 GYMNOSPERMS Pinophyta or Gymnospermophyta Phylum cycads, ginkgoes, and various evergreen plants without flowers Conifers, word "gymnosperm" means "naked seed." The plants. No flowers. Seed-bearing plants no longer require moist habitats. This led to the expansion of plants Seed-bearing into drier areas. range: Middle Paleozoic to Holocene. Geologic 85 SEED FERNS Class Pteridospermophyta Gymnosperms. leaves, but reproduced with instead of spores. Fernlike range: Devonian to Holocene. Geologic genera = Neuropteris and Glossopteris. Common of the best-known is Glossopteris, which lived in Gondwana during Carboniferous and One Permian. They were sometimes associated with glacial deposits, suggesting that they were adapted to cool climates. 86 CORDAITES Class Pinopsida, Order Cordaitales Gymnosperms.
COMMON PLANTS OF CARBONIFEROUS 1.Lycopods or Lycopsids - club mosses 2.Sphenopsids - horsetails, scouring rushes 3.Ferns 4.Gymnosperms a.Seed ferns b.Cordaites c.Conifers d.Ginkgoes 81 LYCOPODS OR LYCOPSIDS Phylum Lycopodophyta or Lycopsida Club mosses, scale trees Spore-bearing plants were confined to swamps because spores require moisture to germinate. Some grew to be 30 m tall and 1 m diameter. Geologic Silurian to Holocene. (Only a few species persisted after Permian.) Common genera = Lepidodendron and Sigillaria. 82 SPHENOPSIDS Phylum Equisetaphyta or Sphenopsida Spore-bearing and similar to living horsetails or scouring rushes. Interpreted as living in moist areas or standing water. Geologic range: Devonian to Holocene. (But only a few persisted after Permian.) Common genus = Calamites 83 FERNS Phylum Polypodiophyta Ferns are vascular plants that reproduce by means of spores. They live in moist habitats. Geologic range: Devonian to Holocene. 84 GYMNOSPERMS Phylum Pinophyta or Gymnospermophyta Conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and various evergreen plants without flowers The word "gymnosperm" means "naked seed." Seed-bearing plants. No flowers. Seed-bearing plants no longer require moist habitats. This led to the expansion of plants into drier areas. Geologic range: Middle Paleozoic to Holocene. 85 SEED FERNS Gymnosperms. Class Pteridospermophyta Fernlike leaves, but reproduced with instead of spores. Geologic range: Devonian to Holocene. Common genera = Neuropteris and Glossopteris. One of the best-known is Glossopteris, which lived in Gondwana during Carboniferous and Permian. They were sometimes associated with glacial deposits, suggesting that they were adapted to cool climates. 86 CORDAITES Gymnosperms. Class Pinopsida, Order Cordaitales