POINTS TO BE REMEMBERED DRUGS – Drugs are chemical of low molecular masses, which interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response. CHEMOTHERAPY- The use of chemicals for therapeutic effect is called chemotherapy. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS – ON THE BASIS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECT-drugs for a particular type of problem as analgesics-----for pain relieving. ON THE BASIS OF DRUG ACTION-Action of drug on a particular biochemical process. ON THE BASIS OF CHEMICAL ACTION-Drugs having similar structure .eg-sulpha drugs. ON THE BASIS OF MOLECULAR TARGETS- Drugs interacting with biomolecules as lipids, proteins. ENZYMES AS DRUG TARGETS CATALYTIC ACTION OF EN ZYMES- Enzymes have active sites which hold the substrate molecule .it can be attracted by reacting molecules. Substrate is bonded to active sites through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Vander Waal or dipole –dipole interactions. DRUG- ENZYME INTERACTIONS- (a)Drug complete with natural substrate for their attachments on the active sites of enzymes .They are called competitive inhibitors. (b)Some drugs binds to a different site of the enzyme called allosteric sites which changes the shape of active sites. ANTAGONISTS- The drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function. AGONISTS-Drugs mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptor. ANTACIDS-These are compounds which neutralize excess acid of stomach.eg-Aluminium hydroxide, Magnesium hydroxide. ANTI HISTAMINES-The drugs which interfare with the natural action of histamines and prevent the allergic reaction. eg- rantidine,tegarnet, avil. TRANQULIZERS-The class of chemical compounds used for the treatment of stress,mild or even severe mental diseases. Eg-idardil, iproniagid, luminal, second equaqnil . ANALGESICS-They reduce pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion or some other disturbance of the nervous system. Eg - aspirin, seridon , phenacetin. ANTIMICROBIALS-They tend to prevent/destroy or inhibit the pathogenic action of microbes as bacteria ,virus ,fungi etc .They are classified as (i)ANTIBIOTICS-Those are the chemicals substances which are produced by micro-organisms. Eg- Pencillin , ofloxacin .
POINTS TO BE REMEMBERED DRUGS – Drugs are chemical of low molecular masses, which interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response. CHEMOTHERAPY- The use of chemicals for therapeutic effect is called chemotherapy. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS – ON THE BASIS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECT-drugs for a particular type of problem as analgesics-----for pain relieving. ON THE BASIS OF DRUG ACTION-Action of drug on a particular biochemical process. ON THE BASIS OF CHEMICAL ACTION-Drugs having similar structure .eg-sulpha drugs. ON THE BASIS OF MOLECULAR TARGETS- Drugs interacting with biomolecules as lipids, proteins. ENZYMES AS DRUG TARGETS CATALYTIC ACTION OF EN ZYMES- Enzymes have active sites which hold the substrate molecule .it can be attracted by reacting molecules. Substrate is bonded to active sites through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Vander Waal or dipole –dipole interactions. DRUG- ENZYME INTERACTIONS- (a)Drug complete with natural substrate for their attachments on the active sites of enzymes .They are called competitive inhibitors. (b)Some drugs binds to a different site of the enzyme called allosteric sites which changes the shape of active sites. ANTAGONISTS- The drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function. AGONISTS-Drugs mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptor. ANTACIDS-These are compounds which neutralize excess acid of stomach.eg-Aluminium hydroxide, Magnesium hydroxide. ANTI HISTAMINES-The drugs which interfare with the natural action of histamines and prevent the allergic reaction. eg- rantidine,tegarnet, avil. TRANQULIZERS-The class of chemical compounds used for the treatment of stress,mild or even severe mental diseases. Eg-idardil, iproniagid, luminal, second equaqnil . ANALGESICS-They reduce pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion or some other disturbance of the nervous system. Eg - aspirin, seridon , phenacetin. ANTIMICROBIALS-They tend to prevent/destroy or inhibit the pathogenic action of microbes as bacteria ,virus ,fungi etc .They are classified as (i)ANTIBIOTICS-Those are the chemicals substances which are produced by micro-organisms. Eg- Pencillin , ofloxacin .