overlying shale beds. T-shape extraction well. growth is also common. Also, in the Virginia part of the several weeks often elapse between fracturing injection and flowback due to the need to construct a pipeline system. Water loss Reports of loss, however Gillette, Wyoming has Approx. 50 complaints related to incidents these are from an area with experienced significant water loss. typically 2000 ft (610 m) vertical drawdown and reduction in One report claimed “several separation between CSG and supply, but it is unclear how thousand wells” had dry, “gone water wells and county officials much of this is due to CSG overnight”. qualify statements by saying activity and how much is due to that a variety of factors can lead increasing demands from to wells going dry in the area growing population Drawdown related to CSG activities ~200 ft (60 m) in some areas, leading to many complaints of wells drying up (note there are deeper aquifers available and gas companies have drilled new water wells in those layers for private individuals) Contamination Methane and hydrogen sulfide One report of milky white reports of increased Approx. 20 complaints lodged “Some” incidents (H2S) contamination estimated substance and strong odour methane levels in drinking water related to water quality, at 100s of wells. 34% of shortly after hydraulic fracture including: domestic wells were methane (HF) event with increasing few” cases of soap “a contaminated according to one odour and coal fines contamination (soap is used study of more than 200 contamination over next six in the drilling fluid) households. months (LEAF v EPA case). a portion of 15-20 residents Two accounts of appearance of One individual reported visible at a meeting in another area grey sediment a day or two after petroleum and sediment complaining of precipitates, hydraulic fracturing that contamination, claiming that her soaps, diesel fuel smells, eventually dissipated. neighbours’ water also smelled
overlying shale beds. T-shape growth is also common. extraction well. Also, in the Virginia part of the several weeks often elapse between fracturing injection and flowback due to the need to construct a pipeline system. Water loss incidents Reports of loss, however these are from an area with typically 2000 ft (610 m) vertical separation between CSG and water wells and county officials qualify statements by saying that a variety of factors can lead to wells going dry in the area Gillette, Wyoming has experienced significant drawdown and reduction in supply, but it is unclear how much of this is due to CSG activity and how much is due to increasing demands from growing population Drawdown related to CSG activities ~200 ft (60 m) in some areas, leading to many complaints of wells drying up (note there are deeper aquifers available and gas companies have drilled new water wells in those layers for private individuals) Approx. 50 complaints related to water loss. One report claimed “several thousand wells” had “gone dry, overnight”. Contamination incidents Methane and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) contamination estimated at 100s of wells. 34% of domestic wells were methane contaminated according to one study of more than 200 households. Two accounts of appearance of grey sediment a day or two after hydraulic fracturing that eventually dissipated. One report of milky white substance and strong odour shortly after hydraulic fracture (HF) event with increasing odour and coal fines contamination over next six months (LEAF v EPA case). One individual reported visible petroleum and sediment contamination, claiming that her neighbours’ water also smelled “Some” reports of increased methane levels in drinking water Approx. 20 complaints lodged related to water quality, including: “a few” cases of soap contamination (soap is used in the drilling fluid) a portion of 15-20 residents at a meeting in another area complaining of precipitates, soaps, diesel fuel smells,