human cases of plague in South Africa were in 1982. Poliomyelitis Laboratory report of Any child under 15 years of age N/A Confirmed wild type with AFP (acute flaccid wildtype polio Confirmed vaccine paralysis, or sudden onset of or vaccine derived polio derived hypotonic weakness, including virus (VDPV) Confirmed vaccine GuillianBarre syndrome) or any or Sabin polio virus associated polio person of any age with from sample or Compatible case paralytic illness if polio is suspected CSF Discarded Denotified Rabies (human) Rabies virus causes acute days - 6 Rabies virus or A person with one or A probable case is a A confirmed case is a person with infection of the central months lyssavirus detected by more of the following suspected case AND laboratory evidence of rabies nervous system. There is a any test on any signs and symptoms: having relevant infection by detection of (a. Rabies wide variability in the time it specimen type encephalitis, myelitis epidemiological virus nucleic acid by RT PCR on takes for symptoms to appear *Exclude IgG serology (inflammation of the exposure (contact with a saliva, skin biopsy or CSF or following exposure to saliva spinal cord), difficulty in suspected rabid animal). antibodies in CSF of an infected animal (from swallowing, OR b. Rabies virus about two weeks to several hydrophobia, anxiety, antigen in brain tissue by FAT or years, 30 days on average) agitation, paresthesias or rabies virus nucleic acid in skin and treatment with pain at the wound site, biopsy (post mortem)). prophylaxis ascending flaccid comprising rabies immune paralysis and progresses globulin and/or vaccine can to coma or death within prevent the illness. The 10 days after the first indication for post-exposure symptom. vaccination with or without rabies immune globulin is based on the animal a person was exposed to and the type of exposure. Dogs, mongoose, cats, jackal, cattle and goats are the commonest animal sources for human rabies in South Africa. Levels of exposures are touching or feeding animals or licking intact skin; nibbling of uncovered skin or superficial scratch without bleeding; bites or scratches
human cases of plague in South Africa were in 1982. Poliomyelitis Laboratory report of wildtype polio or vaccine derived polio virus (VDPV) or Sabin polio virus from sample or CSF Any child under 15 years of age with AFP (acute flaccid paralysis, or sudden onset of hypotonic weakness, including GuillianBarre syndrome) or any person of any age with paralytic illness if polio is suspected N/A Confirmed wild type Confirmed vaccine derived Confirmed vaccine associated polio Compatible case Discarded Denotified Rabies (human) Rabies virus causes acute infection of the central nervous system. There is a wide variability in the time it takes for symptoms to appear following exposure to saliva of an infected animal (from about two weeks to several years, 30 days on average) and treatment with prophylaxis comprising rabies immune globulin and/or vaccine can prevent the illness. The indication for post-exposure vaccination with or without rabies immune globulin is based on the animal a person was exposed to and the type of exposure. Dogs, mongoose, cats, jackal, cattle and goats are the commonest animal sources for human rabies in South Africa. Levels of exposures are touching or feeding animals or licking intact skin; nibbling of uncovered skin or superficial scratch without bleeding; bites or scratches days - 6 months Rabies virus or lyssavirus detected by any test on any specimen type *Exclude IgG serology A person with one or more of the following signs and symptoms: encephalitis, myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord), difficulty in swallowing, hydrophobia, anxiety, agitation, paresthesias or pain at the wound site, ascending flaccid paralysis and progresses to coma or death within 10 days after the first symptom. A probable case is a suspected case AND having relevant epidemiological exposure (contact with a suspected rabid animal). A confirmed case is a person with laboratory evidence of rabies infection by detection of (a. Rabies virus nucleic acid by RT PCR on saliva, skin biopsy or CSF or antibodies in CSF OR b. Rabies virus antigen in brain tissue by FAT or rabies virus nucleic acid in skin biopsy (post mortem)).