Incidence, vs 0-1 ≥5 HPFS, 1.35 colon cancer serving/day Age, alcohol consumption, Included in the Prospective aspirin use, BMI, family history dose-response Cohort, 368/ Incidence, per 1 1.08 Michels, 2000 of colorectal cancer, height, analysis. No colon cancer serving/day Age: 40-75 47 325 Population COL00365 of smoking, physical confidence registries years, 416 616 Incidence, vs 0-1 FFQ activity, red meat Intake, intervals were ≥5 USA 2.04 person-years M, rectal cancer, serving/day sigmoidoscopy, supplement provided for high Health Intake, total caloric Intake vs. low analysis Incidence, per 1 1.09 (0.94- professionals rectal cancer, serving/day 1.26) Incidence, vs 0-1 ≥5 Age, alcohol consumption, 0.80 NHS, colon cancer serving/day aspirin use, BMI, family history Included in the Prospective of colorectal cancer, height, dose-response Incidence, per 1 0.96 Cohort, 569/ Michels, 2000 menopausal status, of analysis. No cancer serving/day Age: 30-55 88 764 Population COL00365 smoking, physical activity, confidence years, 1 327 029 registries Incidence, vs 0-1 USA FFQ postmenopausal hormone use, intervals were ≥5 0.66 W, person-years rectal cancer, serving/day red meat Intake, provided for high Registred sigmoidoscopy, supplement vs. low analysis nurses Incidence, per 1 0.96 Intake, total caloric Intake rectal cancer, serving/day Incidence, 286 vs 34 1.33 cancer, men g/day NLCS, Incidence, Voorrips, 2000 Case Cohort, 331/ 343 vs 65 0.73 colon cancer, COL00578 Age: 55-69 120 852 Cancer registry g/day women Netherlands years, 6.3 years FFQ M/W Incidence, 286 vs 34 0.85 rectal cancer, g/day men
Michels, 2000 COL00365 USA HPFS, Prospective Cohort, Age: 40-75 years, M, Health professionals 368/ 47 325 416 616 person-years Population registries FFQ Incidence, colon cancer ≥5 vs 0-1 serving/day 1.35 Age, alcohol consumption, aspirin use, BMI, family history of colorectal cancer, height, of smoking, physical activity, red meat Intake, sigmoidoscopy, supplement Intake, total caloric Intake Included in the dose-response analysis. No confidence intervals were provided for high vs. low analysis Incidence, colon cancer per 1 serving/day 1.08 Incidence, rectal cancer, ≥5 vs 0-1 serving/day 2.04 Incidence, rectal cancer, per 1 serving/day 1.09 Michels, 2000 COL00365 USA NHS, Prospective Cohort, Age: 30-55 years, W, Registred nurses 569/ 88 764 1 327 029 person-years Population registries FFQ Incidence, colon cancer ≥5 vs 0-1 serving/day 0.80 Age, alcohol consumption, aspirin use, BMI, family history of colorectal cancer, height, menopausal status, of smoking, physical activity, postmenopausal hormone use, red meat Intake, sigmoidoscopy, supplement Intake, total caloric Intake Included in the dose-response analysis. No confidence intervals were provided for high vs. low analysis Incidence, cancer per 1 serving/day 0.96 Incidence, rectal cancer, ≥5 vs 0-1 serving/day 0.66 Incidence, rectal cancer, per 1 serving/day 0.96 Voorrips, 2000 COL00578 Netherlands NLCS, Case Cohort, Age: 55-69 years, M/W 331/ 120 852 6.3 years Cancer registry FFQ Incidence, cancer, men 286 vs 34 g/day 1.33 Incidence, colon cancer, women 343 vs 65 g/day 0.73 Incidence, rectal cancer, men 286 vs 34 g/day 0.85 (0.94- 1.26)