information to gain or Publication individual or shared writing products in expand knowledge. response to ongoing feedback, including new arguments and information. 11-12 Effective research requires What does a reader Conducting Conduct as well as more sustained multiple sources of look for and how Research research projects to answer a question information to gain or can s/he find it? (including a self question) or expand knowledge. solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation. 11-12 Effective research requires How does a reader Credibility, Gather relevant information from multiple sources of know a source can Reliability, multiple authoritative and digital information to gain or be trusted? and Validity sources, using advanced searches expand knowledge. of Sources effectively; assess the strengths and limitations of each source in terms of the task, purpose, and audience; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism and overreliance on any one source and following a standard format for citation. 11-12 Audience and purpose Why do writers Range of Write routinely over extended time influence a writer’s choice write? What is the Writing frames (time for research, reflection, of organizational pattern, purpose? and revision) and shorter time frames (a language, and literacy single sitting or a day or two) for a techniques. range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes and audiences.
information to gain or expand knowledge. Publication individual or shared writing products in response to ongoing feedback, including new arguments and information. 11-12 Effective research requires multiple sources of information to gain or expand knowledge. What does a reader look for and how can s/he find it? Conducting Research Conduct as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question (including a self question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation. 11-12 Effective research requires multiple sources of information to gain or expand knowledge. How does a reader know a source can be trusted? Credibility, Reliability, and Validity of Sources Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively; assess the strengths and limitations of each source in terms of the task, purpose, and audience; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism and overreliance on any one source and following a standard format for citation. 11-12 Audience and purpose influence a writer’s choice of organizational pattern, language, and literacy techniques. Why do writers write? What is the purpose? Range of Writing Write routinely over extended time frames (time for research, reflection, and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes and audiences.