HEREDITY: INHERITANCE AND VARIATION OF TRAITS Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new Performance Expectation genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors. Emphasis is on data to support arguments for the way variation occurs. Claims should not include Clarification Statement the phases of meiosis or the biochemical mechanisms of specific steps in the process. Science & Engineering Practices Disciplinary Core Ideas Crosscutting Concepts Asking questions and defining problems VARIATION OF TRAITS AND EFFECT In sexual reproduction, chromosomes can sometimes Empirical evidence is required to differentiate Developing and using models swap sections or cross over during the process of between cause and correlation and make Planning and carrying out investigations meiosis (cell division), thereby creating new genetic claims about specific causes and effects. combinations and thus more genetic variation. Analyzing and interpreting data Although DNA replication is tightly regulated and Using mathematics and computational thinking remarkably accurate, errors do occur and result in Constructing explanations and designing solutions mutations, which are also a source of genetic variation. Environmental factors Engaging in argument from evidence: can also cause mutations in genes, and viable Engaging in argument from evidence in 9–12 mutations are inherited. (HS.LS3B.a) builds on K–8 experiences and progresses to appropriate and Mutations may occur due to errors during DNA sufficient evidence and scientific reasoning to replication and/or environmental factors. In general, defend and critique claims and explanations about only mutations that occur in gametes (sperm and egg) the natural and designed world(s). Arguments may can be passed also come from current scientific or historical to offspring. have variations (alleles) that code episodes in science. for specific variants of a protein (or RNA), and therefore specific traits of an individual. (HS.LS3B.b) Make and defend a claim based on evidence about the natural world or the effectiveness of a Environmental factors also affect expression of traits, design solution that reflects scientific knowledge and hence affect the probability of occurrences of and student-generated evidence. traits in a population. Thus the variation and distribution of traits observed depends on both genetic 8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating Diocese of Baton Rouge Life Science Standards July, 2017 Page 14 and environmental factors. (HS.LS3B.c) information
HEREDITY: INHERITANCE AND VARIATION OF TRAITS Performance Expectation Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors. Clarification Statement Emphasis is on data to support arguments for the way variation occurs. Claims should not include the phases of meiosis or the biochemical mechanisms of specific steps in the process. Science & Engineering Practices Disciplinary Core Ideas Crosscutting Concepts Asking questions and defining problems Developing and using models Planning and carrying out investigations Analyzing and interpreting data Using mathematics and computational thinking Constructing explanations and designing solutions Engaging in argument from evidence: Engaging in argument from evidence in 9–12 builds on K–8 experiences and progresses to appropriate and sufficient evidence and scientific reasoning to defend and critique claims and explanations about the natural and designed world(s). Arguments may also come from current scientific or historical episodes in science. Make and defend a claim based on evidence about the natural world or the effectiveness of a design solution that reflects scientific knowledge and student-generated evidence. 8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information VARIATION OF TRAITS In sexual reproduction, chromosomes can sometimes swap sections or cross over during the process of meiosis (cell division), thereby creating new genetic combinations and thus more genetic variation. Although DNA replication is tightly regulated and remarkably accurate, errors do occur and result in mutations, which are also a source of genetic variation. Environmental factors can also cause mutations in genes, and viable mutations are inherited. (HS.LS3B.a) Mutations may occur due to errors during DNA replication and/or environmental factors. In general, only mutations that occur in gametes (sperm and egg) can be passed to offspring. have variations (alleles) that code for specific variants of a protein (or RNA), and therefore specific traits of an individual. (HS.LS3B.b) Environmental factors also affect expression of traits, and hence affect the probability of occurrences of traits in a population. Thus the variation and distribution of traits observed depends on both genetic and environmental factors. (HS.LS3B.c) AND EFFECT Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. Diocese of Baton Rouge Life Science Standards July, 2017 Page 14