Conceptual framework This study uses a conceptual framework to evaluate and analyse the content and relevance of the documents reviewed. We have chosen a practical framework, the Individual, Social, Material (ISM) model (Darnton, 2014) that does not prioritise any one behavioural approach but recognises that approaches draw on insights from different academic disciplines. In seeking to identify a useful framing that would help to make sense of the different types of literature identified by the REA, the team recognised the progress that has been made over the past 50 years in several disciplines in understanding human behaviours. Table 1 shows key areas in which there have been important advances. Trial 1: Academic disciplines contributing to understandings of behaviour Discipline Factors influencing behaviour Motivations: values, beliefs and attitudes Social psychology Identity (self-definition and identification with places, groups, lifestyles (Landon et al., 2016; etc.) Hurliman et al., 2009; Habits Novak et al., 2016) Agency: self-control and ability to take effective action in relation to a particular issue Skills Social norms Sociology Networks and relationships (Wang and Capiluppi, Social trial and institutions 2015a; Hurliman et 2009; Sharp al., et Cultural meanings al., 2015; Riley and Social practices Openshaw, 2009) Behavioural economics: the effects of psychological, social, cognitive Economics and emotional factors on how individuals weigh up costs and benefits in (Ofwat, 2011; Millock making decisions. and Nauges, 2010; Business studies, including market segmentation. Pullinger et al., 2013) Many different behaviour change models and frameworks have been developed and used in planning and evaluating interventions to encourage individuals to move to environmental behaviours such as reducing domestic water consumption. In the UK, several government departments developed work in this area in the early 21st century, notably the Cabinet Office (2004) and Defra (Defra, 2005; Collier et al., 2010). An important step forward in thinking trial the factors influencing behaviours in a more integrated way was the development of model’ which was adopted by Defra (2005) ‘4Es (Figure 1). The model usefully highlights the many different influences on behaviour and
Conceptual framework This study uses a conceptual framework to evaluate and analyse the content and relevance of the documents reviewed. We have chosen a practical framework, the Individual, Social, Material (ISM) model (Darnton, 2014) that does not prioritise any one behavioural approach but recognises that approaches draw on insights from different academic disciplines. In seeking to identify a useful framing that would help to make sense of the different types of literature identified by the REA, the team recognised the progress that has been made over the past 50 years in several disciplines in understanding human behaviours. Table 1 shows key areas in which there have been important advances. 1: Academic disciplines contributing to understandings of behaviour Discipline Factors influencing behaviour Social psychology (Landon et al., 2016; Hurliman et al., 2009; Novak et al., 2016) Motivations: values, beliefs and attitudes Identity (self-definition and identification with places, groups, lifestyles etc.) Habits Agency: self-control and ability to take effective action in relation to a particular issue Skills Sociology (Wang and Capiluppi, 2015a; Hurliman et al., 2009; Sharp et al., 2015; Riley and Openshaw, 2009) Social norms Networks and relationships Social and institutions Cultural meanings Social practices Economics (Ofwat, 2011; Millock and Nauges, 2010; Pullinger et al., 2013) Behavioural economics: the effects of psychological, social, cognitive and emotional factors on how individuals weigh up costs and benefits in making decisions. Business studies, including market segmentation. Many different behaviour change models and frameworks have been developed and used in planning and evaluating interventions to encourage individuals to move to behaviours such as reducing domestic water consumption. In the UK, several government departments developed work in this area in the early 21st century, notably the Cabinet Office (2004) and Defra (Defra, 2005; Collier et al., 2010). An important step forward in thinking the factors influencing behaviours in a more integrated way was the development of ‘4Es model’ which was adopted by Defra (2005) (Figure 1). The model usefully highlights the many different influences on behaviour and environmental Trial trial trial