significantly lower water efficiency of biomass-based technologies relative to technologies. EROEI Water Usage Net Biofuel/ EROWI (MJ/l) (l/MJ) EROWI Feedstock e Biodiesel Rapeseed 100 175 0.010 0.0057 2.33 0.0057 0.0033 – – – Ethanol Sugarcane 38 156 0.026 0.0065 8.3 0.023 0.0057 – – – Sugar Beet 71 188 0.014 0.0053 2.25 0.0078 0.0029 – – – Corn 73 346 0.014 0.0029 1.38 0.0039 0.00081 – – – Wheat 40 351 0.025 0.0029 2.40 0.015 0.0017 – – – Crops Ethanol 11 171 0.091 0.0058 4.55 0.071 0.0045 – – – Methanol 11 138 0.091 0.0072 5.5 0.075 0.0059 – – – Hydrogen 15 129 0.067 0.0078 4.67 0.053 0.0062 – – – Electricity 13 195 0.077 0.0051 5.0 0.062 0.0041 – – – Table adapted from Berndes (2002 - Tables 2 and 3). The first column shows the range of water consumption (evapotranspiration) in feedstock production. The low water usage numbers for lignocellulosic crops are based on non-irrigated Miscanthus production. EROEI estimates not used in Table 3 are from (40) Mortimer et al. (2003 - Rapeseed biodiesel and ethanol from sugar beet and wheat) and (41) Lynd and Wang (2004 - Lignocellulosic ethanol). Table 5 - EROWI, EROEI, and Net EROWI for Biomass Energy Technologies Indeed, the study by Kannan et al. (22) for a petroleum power plant in Singapore shows that even electricity production, generally one of the least water efficient forms of
significantly lower water efficiency of biomass-based technologies relative to technologies. Biofuel/ Feedstock Water Usage (l/MJ) EROWI (MJ/l) EROEI Net EROWI Biodiesel Rapeseed 100 – 175 0.010 – 0.0057 2.33 0.0057 – 0.0033 Ethanol Sugarcane 38 – 156 0.026 – 0.0065 8.3 0.023 – 0.0057 Sugar Beet 71 – 188 0.014 – 0.0053 2.25 0.0078 – 0.0029 Corn 73 – 346 0.014 – 0.0029 1.38 0.0039 – 0.00081 Wheat 40 – 351 0.025 – 0.0029 2.40 0.015 – 0.0017 Crops Ethanol 11 – 171 0.091 – 0.0058 4.55 0.071 – 0.0045 Methanol 11 – 138 0.091 – 0.0072 5.5 0.075 – 0.0059 Hydrogen 15 – 129 0.067 – 0.0078 4.67 0.053 – 0.0062 Electricity 13 – 195 0.077 – 0.0051 5.0 0.062 – 0.0041 Table adapted from Berndes (2002 - Tables 2 and 3). The first column shows the range of water consumption (evapotranspiration) in feedstock production. The low water usage numbers for lignocellulosic crops are based on non-irrigated Miscanthus production. EROEI estimates not used in Table 3 are from (40) Mortimer et al. (2003 - Rapeseed biodiesel and ethanol from sugar beet and wheat) and (41) Lynd and Wang (2004 - Lignocellulosic ethanol). Table 5 - EROWI, EROEI, and Net EROWI for Biomass Energy Technologies Indeed, the study by Kannan et al. (22) for a petroleum power plant in Singapore shows that even electricity production, generally one of the least water efficient forms of e