Trees in fragmented habitats where no native pollinators tropical tree, ) gene flow 3.2 km Amazonian pastures existed were instead pollinated by African honeybees, canopy-emergent maintaining genetic diversity across habitats. Insects are highly susceptible to forest fragmentation, ) forest fragmentation insects calls for further research. genetic diversity Angelica palustris, 4-1500 individuals vs. population Population size correlated with diversity but not isolation. ) wetlands in Germany short-lived, flowering) size and Seed production correlated with seed production. isolation Unglaciated areas more genetically diverse, isolation Prairie, MO, AK, OH, didn't matter; population size did not correlate with ) genetic diversity Silene regia IN genetic diversity in unglaciated areas, but did in glaciated areas. Glaciated areas were also more fragmented. Insect richness similar across fragments, abundance of bee species varied significantly by fragment size. Fragment shrublands South ) 0.5-2 ha, 3-10 ha, >30ha 7 plant species fruit set, seed set size and distance to large remnants significantly Africa influences seed or fruit set. Seed-set was pollinator limited for one plant. Dianella revoluta, roadside arrays, open rhixomatous Isolation led to decline in probability of outcrossing even ) mallee woodlands, perennial herb, pollen receipt with adequate pollinator visitation. Australia widely distributed, incompatible pollen Genetic drift, inbreeding, genetic diversity with smaller ) REVIEW populations. Wild populations varied genetic and plant Plants from smaller populations developed fewer flowers; Lynchis flos-cuculi, ) from 40 to 57,000 greenhouse experiment common performance competition and pathogen infection were not influenced. flowering individuals genetic diversity Small, but significant, differences in diversity between ) REVIEW between rare and rare and common species, but no difference in how common species genetic variation is partitioned between populations. gene flow experimental (populations of Smaller populations had higher gene flow, population size Raphanus sativus, ) populations self-incompatible 2, 5, 10, and 20 and relatedness influenced gene flow. individuals) RAPD genetic Dictamnus albus, Europe and Asia, diversity, seed long-lived population size correlated with genetic diversity, seed ) woodland/grassland number per flour outcrossing mass and number also influenced margins and mean seed perennial, rare mass
) gene flow 3.2 km Amazonian pastures tropical tree, canopy-emergent Trees in fragmented habitats where no native pollinators existed were instead pollinated by African honeybees, maintaining genetic diversity across habitats. ) forest fragmentation insects Insects are highly susceptible to forest fragmentation, calls for further research. ) 4-1500 individuals flowering) wetlands in Germany Angelica palustris, short-lived, genetic diversity vs. population size and isolation Population size correlated with diversity but not isolation. Seed production correlated with seed production. ) Prairie, MO, AK, OH, IN Silene regia genetic diversity Unglaciated areas more genetically diverse, isolation didn't matter; population size did not correlate with genetic diversity in unglaciated areas, but did in glaciated areas. Glaciated areas were also more fragmented. ) 0.5-2 ha, 3-10 ha, >30ha shrublands South Africa 7 plant species fruit set, seed set Insect richness similar across fragments, abundance of bee species varied significantly by fragment size. Fragment size and distance to large remnants significantly influences seed or fruit set. Seed-set was pollinator limited for one plant. ) roadside arrays, open mallee woodlands, Australia Dianella revoluta, rhixomatous perennial herb, widely distributed, incompatible pollen pollen receipt Isolation led to decline in probability of outcrossing even with adequate pollinator visitation. ) REVIEW Genetic drift, inbreeding, genetic diversity with smaller populations. ) Wild populations varied from 40 to 57,000 flowering individuals greenhouse experiment Lynchis flos-cuculi, common genetic and plant performance Plants from smaller populations developed fewer flowers; competition and pathogen infection were not influenced. ) REVIEW genetic diversity between rare and common species Small, but significant, differences in diversity between rare and common species, but no difference in how genetic variation is partitioned between populations. ) experimental populations Raphanus sativus, self-incompatible gene flow (populations of 2, 5, 10, and 20 individuals) Smaller populations had higher gene flow, population size and relatedness influenced gene flow. ) Europe and Asia, woodland/grassland margins Dictamnus albus, long-lived outcrossing perennial, rare RAPD genetic diversity, seed number per flour and mean seed mass population size correlated with genetic diversity, seed mass and number also influenced