10 1 1 16 0 0 18 16 16 19 0 0 23 -1 -2 26 16 17 27 0 0 28 1 1 34 1 1 38 0 0 42 0 0 54 1 0 56 0 0 62 1 0 70 -392 -1056 76 0 0 83 0 -1 86 -4 -3 Figure 2 - Biases of Group for Sample A (ID 18, 26, and 70 exceed the bias window) α Figure 3 - Biases of Group for Sample B (ID 18, 26, and 70 exceed the bias window) α 3.2 β Sample data sets obtained with hand-held instruments are included in group shown in table 6. β, The analysis of group will not adopt the statistical method of group in light of insufficient β α, samples, large differences and lower measuring precision within the group. So the only thing done is comparing the bias with maximum permissible errors (MPE) of the instrument used. Results are shown in table 7. Table 6 - Results of Group β ID Sample A Sample B Instrument Code YSI Professional Plus Handheld 21 31.60 24.07 36 30.922 25.920 ELMETRON CPC401 46 33.5 25.0 ATAGO Hand-Held Refractometer S/Mill-E 57 29 21 ATAGO Hand-Held Refractometer S/Mill-E YSI Professional Plus Handheld 66 32.3 24.49 Table 7 - Biases of Group β Bias of ID Bias of Sample MPE of Instrument* Result Code Sample B A ±1.0% of reading or 0.1 ppt, 21 -0.93 -0.63 Exceed MPE whichever is greater ±0.1%; > 20 mS/cm: 36 -1.608 1.222 Exceed MPE In the range of 46 1.0 0.3 ±1‰ MPE
10 1 1 16 0 0 18 16 16 19 0 0 23 -1 -2 26 16 17 27 0 0 28 1 1 34 1 1 38 0 0 42 0 0 54 1 0 56 0 0 62 1 0 70 -392 -1056 76 0 0 83 0 -1 86 -4 -3 Figure 2 - Biases of Group α for Sample A (ID 18, 26, and 70 exceed the bias window) Figure 3 - Biases of Group α for Sample B (ID 18, 26, and 70 exceed the bias window) 3.2 β Sample data sets obtained with hand-held instruments are included in group β, shown in table 6. The analysis of group β will not adopt the statistical method of group α, in light of insufficient samples, large differences and lower measuring precision within the group. So the only thing done is comparing the bias with maximum permissible errors (MPE) of the instrument used. Results are shown in table 7. Table 6 - Results of Group β ID Code Sample A Sample B Instrument 21 31.60 24.07 YSI Professional Plus Handheld 36 30.922 25.920 ELMETRON CPC401 46 33.5 25.0 ATAGO Hand-Held Refractometer S/Mill-E 57 29 21 ATAGO Hand-Held Refractometer S/Mill-E 66 32.3 24.49 YSI Professional Plus Handheld Table 7 - Biases of Group β ID Code Bias of Sample A Bias of Sample B MPE of Instrument* Result 21 -0.93 -0.63 ±1.0% of reading or 0.1 ppt, whichever is greater Exceed MPE 36 -1.608 1.222 ±0.1%; > 20 mS/cm: Exceed MPE 46 1.0 0.3 ±1‰ In the range of MPE