recruited into and selection older but no other study. not well details provided. described. Limited applicability due to ethnic minority not relevant to Australia. Appropriate cut-off points. Lin () Level III-2 Low risk of Population of She Excluded people with anaemia and 6.1%≥ HbA1c 6.1 mmol/≥ FPG ROC Fujian bias. ethnic minority in pregnant women. Excluded n=12 for HbA1c ≥6.9% FPG ≥7.0 analysis Cross-sectional province, China, n=687, age any reason (ineligible or missing <6.9% <7.0 mmol/L; study; Limited range 20–77 years, China data). multi-stage, applicability to 7.8 mmol/L≥ 2hPG 40% males. stratified, cluster Australia as 2hPG ≥11.1 Chinese random sample. <11.1 mmol/L ethnic minority. Appropriate cut-offs Rowley () Level III-2 Low risk of Participants in None reported. Not HbA1c Not reported FPG ROC bias. community-based reported ≥7.0% ≥7.0 analysis Australia Analysis of data screening for diabetes and collected in Very and coronary risk Canada community-based applicable to factors. screening program Australia. in high-risk N=107 Aboriginal, Appropriate communities of n=51 men, mean age cut-offs. Aboriginal, Torres 36.8 years, n=56 Strait Islander (TSI) women, mean age and First Nations 41.2 years. people. N=154 TSI, n=79 men, mean age 36 years, n=75 women, mean age 33.6 years. N=170 First Nations,
recruited into study. and selection not well described. Limited applicability due to ethnic minority not relevant to Australia. Appropriate cut-off points. older but no other details provided. Lin () Fujian province, China Level III-2 Cross-sectional study; multi-stage, stratified, cluster random sample. Low risk of bias. Limited applicability to Australia as Chinese ethnic minority. Appropriate cut-offs Population of She ethnic minority in China, n=687, age range 20–77 years, 40% males. Excluded people with anaemia and pregnant women. Excluded n=12 for any reason (ineligible or missing data). 6.1%≥ HbA1c <6.9% HbA1c ≥6.9% 6.1 mmol/≥ FPG <7.0 mmol/L; 7.8 mmol/L≥ 2hPG <11.1 mmol/L FPG ≥7.0 2hPG ≥11.1 ROC analysis Rowley () Australia and Canada Level III-2 Analysis of data collected in community-based screening program in high-risk communities of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander (TSI) and First Nations people. Low risk of bias. Very applicable to Australia. Appropriate cut-offs. Participants in community-based screening for diabetes and coronary risk factors. N=107 Aboriginal, n=51 men, mean age 36.8 years, n=56 women, mean age 41.2 years. N=154 TSI, n=79 men, mean age 36 years, n=75 women, mean age 33.6 years. N=170 First Nations, None reported. Not reported HbA1c ≥7.0% Not reported FPG ≥7.0 ROC analysis