Table 2 Means and Standard Deviations for Psychophysiological Outcomes by Group Siblings of Children Siblings of p = with ASD (N=22) Children (N=18) Child behaviour problems (SDQ) 19.5 (8.8) 6.8 (4.2) < .01 Social support (SSSC) Parents 21.5 (2.6) 21.9 (2.7) .63 Classmates 19.4 (3.8) 20.1 (2.5) .52 Teachers 20.5 (3.0) 20.8 (3.7) .78 Close friends 21.0 (4.4) 20.8 (3.9) .83 Depression (CDI-2) Negative mood 3.8 (2.9) 1.8 (1.7) .01 Negative self esteem 1.8 (2.3) 1.2 (1.2) .32 Ineffectiveness 3.7 (2.4) 2.4 (2.5) .09 Interpersonal problems 1.0 (1.6) .05 (1.0) .22 Functional problems 4.8 (3.7) 2.9 (3.2) .09 Emotional problems 5.6 (4.9) 2.9 (2.3) .04 Total CDI-2 score 10.4 (8.2) 5.8 (4.9) .05 HPA markers CAR (nmol/L) -1.48 (5.4) 0.96 (6.8) .34 Diurnal slope (β) -0.87 (0.16) -0.89 (0.15) .72 Mean diurnal output (nmol/L) 5.5 (2.1) 6.0 (2.9) .60 Note: CAR – cortisol awakening response
Table 2 Means and Standard Deviations for Psychophysiological Outcomes by Group Siblings of Children with ASD (N=22) Siblings of Children (N=18) p = Child behaviour problems (SDQ) Social support (SSSC) Parents Classmates Teachers Close friends Depression (CDI-2) Negative mood Negative self esteem Ineffectiveness Interpersonal problems Functional problems Emotional problems Total CDI-2 score HPA markers CAR (nmol/L) Diurnal slope (β) Mean diurnal output (nmol/L) 19.5 (8.8) 21.5 (2.6) 19.4 (3.8) 20.5 (3.0) 21.0 (4.4) 3.8 (2.9) 1.8 (2.3) 3.7 (2.4) 1.0 (1.6) 4.8 (3.7) 5.6 (4.9) 10.4 (8.2) -1.48 (5.4) -0.87 (0.16) 5.5 (2.1) 6.8 (4.2) 21.9 (2.7) 20.1 (2.5) 20.8 (3.7) 20.8 (3.9) 1.8 (1.7) 1.2 (1.2) 2.4 (2.5) .05 (1.0) 2.9 (3.2) 2.9 (2.3) 5.8 (4.9) 0.96 (6.8) -0.89 (0.15) 6.0 (2.9) < .01 .63 .52 .78 .83 .01 .32 .09 .22 .09 .04 .05 .34 .72 .60 Note: CAR – cortisol awakening response