Science and Engineering Practices Disciplinary Core Ideas Crosscutting Concepts Asking Questions and Defining ETS1.A: Defining and Delimiting Influence of Engineering, Technology, Problems Engineering Problems and Science on Society and the Natural Asking questions and defining problems in Possible solutions to a problem are World 3–5 builds on grades K–2 experiences and limited by available materials and People’s needs and wants change over progresses to specifying qualitative resources (constraints). The success of time, as do their demands for new and relationships. a designed solution is determined by improved technologies. (3-5-ETS1-1) Define a simple design problem that can considering the desired features of a Engineers improve existing technologies be solved through the development of solution (criteria). Different proposals for or develop new ones to increase their an object, tool, process, or system and solutions can be compared on the basis benefits, decrease known risks, and includes several criteria for success and of how well each one meets the meet societal demands. (3-5-ETS-2) constraints on materials, time, or cost. specified criteria for success or how well (3-5-ETS1-1) each takes the constraints into account. Planning and Carrying Out (3-5-ETS1-1) Investigations ETS1.B: Developing Possible Solutions Planning and carrying out investigations to Research on a problem should be answer questions or test solutions to carried out before beginning to design a problems in 3–5 builds on K–2 solution. Testing a solution involves experiences and progresses to include investigating how well it performs under investigations that control variables and a range of likely conditions. provide evidence to support explanations or design solutions. At whatever stage, communicating with Plan and conduct an investigation peers about proposed solutions is an collaboratively to produce data to serve important part of the design process, as the basis for evidence, using fair and shared ideas can lead to improved tests in which variables are controlled designs. (3-5-ETS1-2) and the number of trials considered. Tests are often designed to identify failure points or difficulties, which suggest the elements of the design that Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions need to be improved. (3-5-ETS1-3) Constructing explanations and designing
Science and Engineering Practices Asking Questions and Defining Problems Asking questions and defining problems in 3–5 builds on grades K–2 experiences and progresses to specifying qualitative relationships. Define a simple design problem that can be solved through the development of an object, tool, process, or system and includes several criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost. (3-5-ETS1-1) Planning and Carrying Out Investigations Planning and carrying out investigations to answer questions or test solutions to problems in 3–5 builds on K–2 experiences and progresses to include investigations that control variables and provide evidence to support explanations or design solutions. Plan and conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence, using fair tests in which variables are controlled and the number of trials considered. Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions Constructing explanations and designing Disciplinary Core Ideas ETS1.A: Defining and Delimiting Engineering Problems Possible solutions to a problem are limited by available materials and resources (constraints). The success of a designed solution is determined by considering the desired features of a solution (criteria). Different proposals for solutions can be compared on the basis of how well each one meets the specified criteria for success or how well each takes the constraints into account. (3-5-ETS1-1) ETS1.B: Developing Possible Solutions Research on a problem should be carried out before beginning to design a solution. Testing a solution involves investigating how well it performs under a range of likely conditions. At whatever stage, communicating with peers about proposed solutions is an important part of the design process, and shared ideas can lead to improved designs. (3-5-ETS1-2) Tests are often designed to identify failure points or difficulties, which suggest the elements of the design that need to be improved. (3-5-ETS1-3) Crosscutting Concepts Influence of Engineering, Technology, and Science on Society and the Natural World People’s needs and wants change over time, as do their demands for new and improved technologies. (3-5-ETS1-1) Engineers improve existing technologies or develop new ones to increase their benefits, decrease known risks, and meet societal demands. (3-5-ETS-2)