Knowledge Geological Comments and techniques and understanding skills Geological events can Investigate and Candidates should be be hazardous: interpret geological aware of the link between earthquakes data relating to the the distribution of [shaking distribution, earthquakes and triggering landslides] measurement and volcanoes and their volcanic eruptions possible causes of proximity to plate [lava, ash, earthquakes, volcanic margins. pyroclastic and eruptions, landslides mud flows] Candidates should be and associated landslides aware of how tsunamis. [and related earthquakes are recorded subsidence] and measured. tsunamis. Mercalli Intensity Scale and Richter Magnitude Scale. Candidates should be able to link the type of volcanic hazard to the type of magma associated with the volcano; basaltic and andesitic. Candidates should be aware that tsunamis are secondary hazards and can be triggered by earthquakes, volcanoes or landslides. The level of risk of a Use examples to contrast Candidates should be hazard is associated the risk of naturally familiar with a selection with life and property occurring hazards in areas of case studies in both and relates to: of contrasting LEDC and MEDC but population density development they will not be required LEDC and MEDC. to recall specific case – study detail in [buildings] assessments. development [economic situation, education, communication].
Knowledge and understanding Geological techniques and skills Comments Geological events can be hazardous: earthquakes [shaking triggering landslides] volcanic eruptions [lava, ash, pyroclastic and mud flows] landslides [and related subsidence] tsunamis. Investigate and interpret geological data relating to the distribution, measurement and possible causes of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides and associated tsunamis. Candidates should be aware of the link between the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes and their proximity to plate margins. Candidates should be aware of how earthquakes are recorded and measured. Mercalli Intensity Scale and Richter Magnitude Scale. Candidates should be able to link the type of volcanic hazard to the type of magma associated with the volcano; basaltic and andesitic. Candidates should be aware that tsunamis are secondary hazards and can be triggered by earthquakes, volcanoes or landslides. The level of risk of a hazard is associated with life and property and relates to: population density [buildings] development [economic situation, education, communication]. Use examples to contrast the risk of naturally occurring hazards in areas of contrasting development – LEDC and MEDC. Candidates should be familiar with a selection of case studies in both LEDC and MEDC but they will not be required to recall specific case study detail in assessments.