Deshmukh et Level III-2 MGIT N=94 pus specimens AFB (ZN) 43 5 12 34 None reported al. 2013 and/or L-J IS6110 PCR 53 15 2 24 Low risk of culture AFB + NAAT 53 15 2 24 India bias Makeshkumar, Level III-2 L-J culture N=7 pus specimens AFB (ZN) 1 0 0 6 None reported Madhavan & IS6110 PCR 1 2 0 4 Low risk of Narayanan () bias India AFB = acid-fast bacilli; L-J = Lowenstein-Jensen; MGIT = Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tubes; NAAT = nucleic acid amplification test; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; ZN = Ziehl-Neelsen Table 86 Diagnostic accuracy of Xpert NAAT compared with AFB microscopy and culture in abscesses/pus Study Evidence Reference Population Tests Inconclusive results level and risk standard Country Samples of bias results results results results Al-Ateah et al. Level III-2 MGIT N=10 abscess aspirates AFB (FL) 2 0 1 7 None reported () and/or L-J Xpert 3 0 0 7 Low risk of culture Kingdom of bias AFB –ve: Xpert 1 0 0 7 n=8 Saudi Arabia Moure, Martin & Level III-2 MGIT N=19 abscess aspirates AFB –ve: Xpert 13 0 4 2 None reported Alcaide () and/or L-J Some risk of culture Spain bias AFB = acid-fast bacilli; FL = fluorescent; L-J = Lowenstein-Jensen; MGIT = Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tubes; Xpert = GeneXpert MTB/RIF NAAT Table 87 Diagnostic accuracy of in-house NAAT compared with AFB microscopy and culture in urine Study Evidence Reference Population Tests Inconclusive results level and risk standard Country Samples of bias results results results results Deshmukh et MGIT AFB (ZN) 4 2 16 31 Level III-2 N=53 urine specimens None reported al. 2013 and/or L-J IS6110 PCR 15 9 5 24 Low risk of culture AFB + NAAT 15 9 5 24 India bias Makeshkumar, Level III-2 L-J culture N=8 urine specimens AFB (ZN) 2 1 0 5 Not reported
Deshmukh et al. 2013 India Level III-2 Low risk of bias MGIT and/or L-J culture N=94 pus specimens AFB (ZN) IS6110 PCR AFB + NAAT 43 53 53 5 15 15 12 2 2 34 24 24 None reported Makeshkumar, Madhavan & Narayanan () India Level III-2 Low risk of bias L-J culture N=7 pus specimens AFB (ZN) IS6110 PCR 1 1 0 2 0 0 6 4 None reported AFB = acid-fast bacilli; L-J = Lowenstein-Jensen; MGIT = Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tubes; NAAT = nucleic acid amplification test; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; ZN = Ziehl-Neelsen Table 86 Diagnostic accuracy of Xpert NAAT compared with AFB microscopy and culture in abscesses/pus Study Country Evidence level and risk of bias Reference standard Population Samples Tests results results results results Inconclusive results Al-Ateah et al. () Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Level III-2 Low risk of bias MGIT and/or L-J culture N=10 abscess aspirates n=8 AFB (FL) Xpert AFB –ve: Xpert 2 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 7 7 None reported Moure, Martin & Alcaide () Spain Level III-2 Some risk of bias MGIT and/or L-J culture N=19 abscess aspirates AFB –ve: Xpert 13 0 4 2 None reported AFB = acid-fast bacilli; FL = fluorescent; L-J = Lowenstein-Jensen; MGIT = Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tubes; Xpert = GeneXpert MTB/RIF NAAT Table 87 Diagnostic accuracy of in-house NAAT compared with AFB microscopy and culture in urine Study Country Evidence level and risk of bias Reference standard Population Samples Tests results results results results Inconclusive results Deshmukh et al. 2013 India Level III-2 Low risk of bias MGIT and/or L-J culture N=53 urine specimens AFB (ZN) IS6110 PCR AFB + NAAT 4 15 15 2 9 9 16 5 5 31 24 24 None reported Makeshkumar, Level III-2 L-J culture N=8 urine specimens AFB (ZN) 2 1 0 5 Not reported