breeding? desired traits. Genetic engineering is a technology that involves manipulating the DNA What is genetic of one organism in order to insert exogenous DNA (DNA from another engineering? organism). An organism’s genome is the total DNA present in the nucleus of each cell. What is a genome? In order to study a specific gene, that gene must be isolated from the rest of the genome. Restriction enzymes are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences and What are restriction cleave the DNA within that sequence. enzymes and how are Some types of bacteria contain restriction enzymes as a defense against they used in genetic viruses. engineering? When the restriction enzyme cleaves genomic DNA, it creates fragments of different sizes that are unique to every individual. Gel electrophoresis is a way to separate DNA fragments that have been cut by a restriction enzyme. DNA fragments are loaded into the negatively charged end of a What is gel gel. electrophoresis and Electric current is applied, and DNA moves through the gel how does it work? towards the positive end of the gel. Because the smaller fragments move faster and farther, a unique pattern is created based on the size of the DNA fragments. Recombinant DNA is a molecule made of DNA from different sources. Using restriction enzymes, DNA fragments can be cut and inserted into What is recombinant viral plasmids. DNA? These viral plasmids can be inserted into living bacteria through transformation. DNA Fingerprinting Coloring & Reading DNA Fingerprinting Coloring & Reading
breeding? desired traits. What is genetic engineering? Genetic engineering is a technology that involves manipulating the DNA of one organism in order to insert exogenous DNA (DNA from another organism). What is a genome? An organism’s genome is the total DNA present in the nucleus of each cell. In order to study a specific gene, that gene must be isolated from the rest of the genome. What are restriction enzymes and how are they used in genetic engineering? Restriction enzymes are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences and cleave the DNA within that sequence. Some types of bacteria contain restriction enzymes as a defense against viruses. When the restriction enzyme cleaves genomic DNA, it creates fragments of different sizes that are unique to every individual. What is gel electrophoresis and how does it work? Gel electrophoresis is a way to separate DNA fragments that have been cut by a restriction enzyme. DNA fragments are loaded into the negatively charged end of a gel. Electric current is applied, and DNA moves through the gel towards the positive end of the gel. Because the smaller fragments move faster and farther, a unique pattern is created based on the size of the DNA fragments. What is recombinant DNA? Recombinant DNA is a molecule made of DNA from different sources. Using restriction enzymes, DNA fragments can be cut and inserted into viral plasmids. These viral plasmids can be inserted into living bacteria through transformation. DNA Fingerprinting Coloring & Reading DNA Fingerprinting Coloring & Reading