Norton-Griffiths, M. (1978) African Wildlife Leadership Foundation, Nairobi, Counting Animals. Kenya. Sinclair, A.R.E. (1973) Population increases of buffalo and wildebeest in the Serengeti. African 11, 93-107. Journal of Ecology, TAWIRI. (2010) Aerial Census in the Serengeti Ecosystem - Wet Season 2010. Table S1. Description of modelled variables and range of values explored for low and high budget monitoring scenarios of: A) wildebeest and B) impala Parameters Notation Low budget High budget A. Wildebeest Population characteristics Population size 200 000 2 000 000 Nwild – Proportion of juveniles (%) 5 - 35 α Aggregation 0.01 - 2 k Spatial autocorrelation range 0.1 - 0.5 ρhi Sampling characteristics Distance between transects (km) 15.7-24 0.5-8.3 γwild Time between photos (seconds) 80-120 1-40 δ Flight characteristics Mean flight altitude (feet) Fixed (1200) Fixed (1200) εwild CV error altitude 0.14-0.2 0 - 0.07 ζwild Mean flight speed (km/sec) Fixed (0.06) Fixed (0.06) θwild CV error speed 0.2-0.3 0 - 0.1 ιwild Observer effects
Norton-Griffiths, M. (1978) Counting Animals. African Wildlife Leadership Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya. Sinclair, A.R.E. (1973) Population increases of buffalo and wildebeest in the Serengeti. African Journal of Ecology, 11, 93-107. TAWIRI. (2010) Aerial Census in the Serengeti Ecosystem - Wet Season 2010. Table S1. Description of modelled variables and range of values explored for low and high budget monitoring scenarios of: A) wildebeest and B) impala Parameters Notation Low budget High budget A. Wildebeest Population characteristics Population size Proportion of juveniles (%) Aggregation Spatial autocorrelation range Nwild α k ρhi 200 000 – 2 000 000 5 - 35 0.01 - 2 0.1 - 0.5 Sampling characteristics Distance between transects (km) Time between photos (seconds) γwild δ 15.7-24 80-120 0.5-8.3 1-40 Flight characteristics Mean flight altitude (feet) CV error altitude Mean flight speed (km/sec) CV error speed εwild ζwild θwild ιwild Fixed (1200) 0.14-0.2 Fixed (0.06) 0.2-0.3 Fixed (1200) 0 - 0.07 Fixed (0.06) 0 - 0.1 Observer effects