ANNEXES Annex 1: Nutrient groups, functions and sources: Function Deficiency and Toxicity Symptoms and Major Food Sources (Cross-refer to annex 2) Nutrient Functions Deficiency Toxicity Sources symptoms symptoms Carbohydrates Major energy source; Ketosis Whole breads; protein sparing, cereals and necessary for normal other fortified or fat metabolism, glucose enriched grain is the sole source of products, energy for the brain; potatoes, corn, many sources also legumes fruits provide dietary fibre. and vegetables Proteins Anabolism of tissue Azotemia, Meat, fish, proteins; helps reddish acidosis, poultry, egg yolk, maintain fluid balance, pigmentation of cheese, yoghurt energy source, hair and skin, fatty and legumes formulation of liver, retardation of immunoglobulin, growth in children, maintenance of diarrhea, balance, important dermatitis, part of enzymes and decreased T-Cell hormones lymphocytes with increased secondary infection Fats and oils Concentrated energy Eczema, low Protein rich source, protein sparing, growth rate in foods (meat, insulation for infants, lowered dairy products, maintenance, resistance to in egg yolk, nuts), supplies essential fatty infection, hair loss butter acids, carries margarine, vitamins cream, salads A,D,E,K oils and dressings, cooking and meat fats, vegetable oils and fats Source:
ANNEXES Annex 1: Nutrient groups, functions and sources: Function Deficiency and Toxicity Symptoms and Major Food Sources (Cross-refer to annex 2) Nutrient Functions Deficiency symptoms Toxicity symptoms Sources Carbohydrates Major energy source; protein sparing, necessary for normal fat metabolism, glucose is the sole source of energy for the brain; many sources also provide dietary fibre. Ketosis Whole breads; cereals and other fortified or enriched grain products, potatoes, corn, legumes fruits and vegetables Proteins Anabolism of tissue proteins; helps maintain fluid balance, energy source, formulation of immunoglobulin, maintenance of balance, important part of enzymes and hormones reddish pigmentation of hair and skin, fatty liver, retardation of growth in children, diarrhea, dermatitis, decreased T-Cell lymphocytes with increased secondary infection Azotemia, acidosis, Meat, fish, poultry, egg yolk, cheese, yoghurt and legumes Fats and oils Concentrated energy source, protein sparing, insulation for maintenance, supplies essential fatty acids, carries vitamins A,D,E,K Eczema, low growth rate in infants, lowered resistance to in infection, hair loss Protein rich foods (meat, dairy products, egg yolk, nuts), butter margarine, cream, salads oils and dressings, cooking and meat fats, vegetable oils and fats Source: