Table 3 Continued Reference Objective Population Study Design Disease Incidence Reinfection Limitations or Prevalence Results Gaydos et al [26] Determine Adolescent Retrospective Incidence = 18.1% 26.3% Majority not reinfection rates of females; cohort. Medical rescreened; chlamydia for School-based database may miss females attending health centers in review. asymptomatic school-based health Baltimore City individuals; centers (8 high schools, outside 3 middle network schools screening Thurman et al. Compare efficacy of RCT. N/A 33.1% [27] SAFE behavioral and Intervention overall intervention on arm: 3, weekly 24.2% not involved; teenage females multicomponent study group recall bias compared to adults females; 14-45 behavioral 40.2% with rates of old; group sessions. control reinfection with Enrolled in Control arm: 15 group chlamydia/gonorrhea, SAFE; Positive min STD risk and identify for non-viral reduction phone associated behaviors STI call sessions Anshuetz et al. Analyze screening 15-19 high Prospective Prevalence = 4.5% 13.6% Self-selected [28] data for gonorrhea school students; cohort. within same screening; high and chlamydia Philadelphia Confidential school year absence rates; screening no rescreening during school after March 1; year could not located >50% of students eligible for retesting Batteiger et al. Determine Convenience Prospective Prevalence = 31.3% Convenience [29] reinfection rates sample from 3 cohort. 54.4% sampling; not among adolescent primary care Interviews and generalizable; women clinics; Women ct screening did not include 14-17 years old every 3 months, history of STI; plus daily incomplete data diaries and on partner infection status
Table 3 Continued Reference Objective Population Study Design Disease Incidence or Prevalence Reinfection Results Limitations Gaydos et al [26] Determine reinfection rates of chlamydia for females attending school-based health centers Adolescent females; School-based health centers in Baltimore City (8 high schools, 3 middle schools Retrospective cohort. Medical database review. Incidence = 18.1% 26.3% Majority not rescreened; may miss asymptomatic individuals; outside network screening Thurman et al. [27] Compare efficacy of SAFE behavioral intervention on teenage females compared to adults with rates of reinfection with chlamydia/gonorrhea, and identify associated behaviors and females; 14-45 old; Enrolled in SAFE; Positive for non-viral STI RCT. Intervention arm: 3, weekly multicomponent behavioral group sessions. Control arm: 15 min STD risk reduction phone call sessions N/A 33.1% overall 24.2% study group 40.2% control group not involved; recall bias Anshuetz et al. [28] Analyze screening data for gonorrhea and chlamydia 15-19 high school students; Philadelphia Prospective cohort. Confidential screening during school year Prevalence = 4.5% 13.6% within same school year Self-selected screening; high absence rates; no rescreening after March 1; could not located >50% of students eligible for retesting Batteiger et al. [29] Determine reinfection rates among adolescent women Convenience sample from 3 primary care clinics; Women 14-17 years old Prospective cohort. Interviews and ct screening every 3 months, plus daily diaries and Prevalence = 54.4% 31.3% Convenience sampling; not generalizable; did not include history of STI; incomplete data on partner infection status