Table 1: Important MRSA clones that have been identified in Australia 2000–14 Variety Type common Origin (year) First Typical resistance Major Prevalence – (MLST type & [references] detected in pattern† Valentine reservoir SCCmec* type) Australia leucocidin [reference] Aus-2/3‡ Australia or USA 19769 Macrolides/Lincosamides Negative Hospital Was common in (ST239-III) (1976)8,9,10 Tetracyclines many countries ‘frequent flyers’ around the world Was very common Gentamicin in NSW, Qld, Vic. Fluoroquinolones and SA, now diminishing UK EMRSA-15 England (1991)11 199712 Fluoroquinolones Negative Long-term Increasingly (ST22- IV) Macrolides/Lincosamides care common variable facilities13 New York / Japan Japan (1982)14 200515 Macrolides/Lincosamides Negative None Very common in the or USA100 Fluoroquinolones USA, Japan and (ST5-II) Korea Rare and sporadic in Australia UK EMRSA-16 or Southern England 200217 Macrolides/Lincosamides Negative None Rare and sporadic USA200 (1991)16 Fluoroquinolones (ST36-II) Mupirocin WA-1 Northern Western 198918 Typically no additional Negative Community Common (ST1-IV) Australia18,19 resistances Macrolides/Lincosamides variable Fusidic acid variable Queensland South-eastern 200020 Typically no additional Positive Community Common (ST93-IV) Queensland resistances (2000)20 Oceania/Southwest New Zealand 199722 Typically no additional Positive Community Common Pacific (1992)21 resistances (ST30-IV)
Table 1: Important MRSA clones that have been identified in Australia 2000–14 Variety Type – common (MLST type & SCCmec* type) Origin (year) [references] First detected in Australia [reference] Typical resistance pattern† leucocidin Major reservoir Prevalence Aus-2/3‡ (ST239-III) Australia or USA (1976)8,9,10 19769 Macrolides/Lincosamides Tetracyclines Gentamicin Fluoroquinolones Negative Hospital ‘frequent flyers’ Was common in many countries around the world Was very common in NSW, Qld, Vic. and SA, now diminishing UK EMRSA-15 (ST22- IV) England (1991)11 199712 Fluoroquinolones Macrolides/Lincosamides variable Negative Long-term care facilities13 Increasingly common New York / Japan or USA100 (ST5-II) Japan (1982)14 200515 Macrolides/Lincosamides Fluoroquinolones Negative None Very common in the USA, Japan and Korea Rare and sporadic in Australia UK EMRSA-16 or USA200 (ST36-II) Southern England (1991)16 200217 Macrolides/Lincosamides Fluoroquinolones Mupirocin Negative None Rare and sporadic WA-1 (ST1-IV) Northern Western Australia18,19 198918 Typically no additional resistances Macrolides/Lincosamides variable Fusidic acid variable Negative Community Common Queensland (ST93-IV) South-eastern Queensland (2000)20 200020 Typically no additional resistances Positive Community Common Oceania/Southwest Pacific (ST30-IV) New Zealand (1992)21 199722 Typically no additional resistances Positive Community Common Valentine