links between number structured Whilst arrays operations, e.g. are five apparatus. are also “There pencils in two packs, which modelled means that there are ten pencils Recall & use explicitly at altogether.” multiplication this stage, it facts for the is important 2X, 5X and to note that 10X-tables. they will continue to be a key model at later stages, alongside more formal methods of calculation. Stage Counting Use doubling to make Recall odd Relate multiplying Children use an empty number line to chunk 3: forwards connections between the 2X, 4X and even a by 1-digit efficiently: and and 8X-tables. numbers to number using 4 X 12 = 48 backwards 100 in repeated addition 4 X 10 = 40 4 X 2 = 8 in 2s, 3s, 4s, Understand that multiplication reference to and arrays to 5s, 8s and can be undertaken by structured represent: 3 X 13 = 39 10s from partitioning numbers, e.g. 12 X 4 apparatus. zero. = 10 X 4 + 2 X 4 Recall and Count up Introduce the structure of use and down in scaling: e.g. Find a ribbon that multiplication tenths. is 4 times as long as the blue facts for the ribbon 2X, 3X, 4X, 5X, 8X and 7 X 13 = 91 10X tables. 2cm 8cm Stage Counting Derive factor pairs of numbers Recall & use Relate multiplying Relate multiplying a 3/2-digit by 1-digit number, 4: forwards using models and images, e.g. multiplication a 3/2-digit by now also setting it out as short multiplication. and for all number with backwards times-tables arrays towards
links between number operations, e.g. “There are five pencils in two packs, which means that there are ten pencils altogether.” structured apparatus. Recall & use multiplication facts for the 2X, 5X and 10X-tables. Whilst arrays are also modelled explicitly at this stage, it is important to note that they will continue to be a key model at later stages, alongside more formal methods of calculation. Stage 3: Counting forwards and backwards in 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 8s and 10s from zero. Count up and down in tenths. Use doubling to make connections between the 2X, 4X and 8X-tables. Understand that multiplication can be undertaken by partitioning numbers, e.g. 12 X 4 = 10 X 4 + 2 X 4 Introduce the structure of scaling: e.g. Find a ribbon that is 4 times as long as the blue ribbon 2cm 8cm Recall odd and even numbers to 100 in reference to structured apparatus. Recall and use multiplication facts for the 2X, 3X, 4X, 5X, 8X and 10X tables. Relate multiplying a by 1-digit number using repeated addition and arrays to represent: Children use an empty number line to chunk efficiently: 4 X 12 = 48 4 X 10 = 40 4 X 2 = 8 3 X 13 = 39 7 X 13 = 91 Stage 4: Counting forwards and backwards Derive factor pairs of numbers using models and images, e.g. Recall & use multiplication for all times-tables Relate multiplying a 3/2-digit by number with arrays towards Relate multiplying a 3/2-digit by 1-digit number, now also setting it out as short multiplication.