disposed to landfill, or incinerated. Public exposure to the notified chemical is accordingly expected to be negligible during its importation, use and disposal. 8. ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE Release The notified polymer is a component of a that is contained within a cartridge. When the photocopier indicates that it requires more toner, the operator removes a toner cartridge and replaces it with another. Therefore, release of the notified polymer under normal conditions of use is expected to be negligible, as practically no waste is generated. Release to the environment as a result of accidents (during transport or in the workplace) are expected to be negligible. The toner cartridge and any spills of toner can be disposed of as domestic waste, in accordance with government regulations (e.g. landfill, incineration). Release to the environment may through processing of waste paper. This possibility is explored further below. Fate Disposal of the notified polymer to landfill is unlikely to result in contamination of surface and groundwater. Its low water solubility and high Log Pow indicate it is unlikely to leach. Combustion of the notified polymer in the presence of excess air will result in products of oxides of carbon and water. Unless incinerated, the polymer is likely to arrive in a dispersed manner in landfill bound to waste paper. As such, it will be immobile, and no leaching from landfill would be expected despite the polymers expected persistence. Paper recycling is a growing industry in Australia. Waste paper is repulped using a variety of alkalis, dispersing agents, wetting agents, water emulsifiable organic solvents and bleaching agents. These chemicals enhance the fibre separation, ink detachment from the fibres, pulp brightness and the whiteness of the paper. After pulping, the contaminants and the ink are separated from the fibres by pumping the stock through various heat washing, screening, cleaning, flotation and dispersion stages. The notifier has provided no data on the likely behaviour of the polymer during the recycling process. The hydrolysis of ester linkages under alkaline conditions will be minimal due to the very low solubility of the polymer. The polymer therefore is likely to survive the paper recycling conditions, either remaining bound to the pulp or becoming associated with the sludge. In the latter case, the polymer will arrive in landfill where it can be expected to remain intact, or be destroyed through incineration.
disposed to landfill, or incinerated. Public exposure to the notified chemical is accordingly expected to be negligible during its importation, use and disposal. 8. ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE Release The notified polymer is a component of a that is contained within a cartridge. When the photocopier indicates that it requires more toner, the operator removes a toner cartridge and replaces it with another. Therefore, release of the notified polymer under normal conditions of use is expected to be negligible, as practically no waste is generated. Release to the environment as a result of accidents (during transport or in the workplace) are expected to be negligible. The toner cartridge and any spills of toner can be disposed of as domestic waste, in accordance with government regulations (e.g. landfill, incineration). Release to the environment may through processing of waste paper. This possibility is explored further below. Fate Disposal of the notified polymer to landfill is unlikely to result in contamination of surface and groundwater. Its low water solubility and high Log Pow indicate it is unlikely to leach. Combustion of the notified polymer in the presence of excess air will result in products of oxides of carbon and water. Unless incinerated, the polymer is likely to arrive in a dispersed manner in landfill bound to waste paper. As such, it will be immobile, and no leaching from landfill would be expected despite the polymers expected persistence. Paper recycling is a growing industry in Australia. Waste paper is repulped using a variety of alkalis, dispersing agents, wetting agents, water emulsifiable organic solvents and bleaching agents. These chemicals enhance the fibre separation, ink detachment from the fibres, pulp brightness and the whiteness of the paper. After pulping, the contaminants and the ink are separated from the fibres by pumping the stock through various heat washing, screening, cleaning, flotation and dispersion stages. The notifier has provided no data on the likely behaviour of the polymer during the recycling process. The hydrolysis of ester linkages under alkaline conditions will be minimal due to the very low solubility of the polymer. The polymer therefore is likely to survive the paper recycling conditions, either remaining bound to the pulp or becoming associated with the sludge. In the latter case, the polymer will arrive in landfill where it can be expected to remain intact, or be destroyed through incineration.