harvest of the whole species Personal Licence systems for - Provides basis for - Requires (who can persons allowed to harvest controls, education if governmental resources harvest) Permit systems for species exam/test involved, for administration and to harvest generates revenue to enforcement, but once Local organisation of cover administrative costs running can be financed hunting (AEWA Action and potentially via licence/permit fees; Plan para. 4.1.7) conservation measures. - Will not be perceived - organisation/clubs as fair help coordinate harvest and self-governance via peer pressure. Quantity Bag limits, daily and - Annual quotas can be a - Can be seasonal basis component of an Adaptive administratively Quota on regional or Harvest Management Plan burdensome national level With daily bag limits as - Bag limits may not be Partial take of clutches of one means to regulate effective in limiting eggs harvest in order to reach overall harvest unless quota. very restrictive - Harvest can be - May encourage distributed among hunters to regard bag licence/permit holders limits as a target to be - It is a good practice in reached, when they voluntary codes of would otherwise shoot conduct to moderate less harvest Methods See AEWA Action Plan Important to ensure that Note: Some prohibited para. 2.1.2(b) the harvest is both methods can be used “prohibit use of all means capable of sustainable, selective and sustainably, as causing mass destruction, socially accepted acknowledged in as well as local paragraph 2.1.2.b to disappearance of, or accommodate for serious disturbance to, livelihood purposes, as populations of a species, long as this is including…” sustainable Emergency Statutory or voluntary Avoids pressure on birds Requires good moratoriums protection in of during times when they communication network extreme events (AEWA are susceptible to to inform those article III.2(f) & Action owing to their involved in harvesting Plan para. 2.3), concentration in a that conditions are poor e.g. moratorium during severe particular area and/or in their region as well as weather conditions, such reducing opportunities to elsewhere in the as drought or prolonged feed when birds already flyway). However, this harsh winter conditions have poor body condition problem can be reduced through necessary advanced development
harvest of the whole species Personal (who can harvest) Licence systems for persons allowed to harvest Permit systems for species to harvest Local organisation of hunting (AEWA Action Plan para. 4.1.7) - Provides basis for controls, education if exam/test involved, generates revenue to cover administrative costs and potentially conservation measures. - organisation/clubs help coordinate harvest and self-governance via peer pressure. - Requires governmental resources for administration and enforcement, but once running can be financed via licence/permit fees; - Will not be perceived as fair Quantity Bag limits, daily and seasonal basis Quota on regional or national level Partial take of clutches of eggs - Annual quotas can be a component of an Adaptive Harvest Management Plan With daily bag limits as one means to regulate harvest in order to reach quota. - Harvest can be distributed among licence/permit holders - It is a good practice in voluntary codes of conduct to moderate harvest - Can be administratively burdensome - Bag limits may not be effective in limiting overall harvest unless very restrictive - May encourage hunters to regard bag limits as a target to be reached, when they would otherwise shoot less Methods See AEWA Action Plan para. 2.1.2(b) “prohibit the use of all means capable of causing mass destruction, as well as local disappearance of, or serious disturbance to, populations of a species, including…” Important to ensure that harvest is both sustainable, selective and socially accepted Note: Some prohibited methods can be used sustainably, as acknowledged in paragraph 2.1.2.b to accommodate for livelihood purposes, as long as this is sustainable Emergency moratoriums Statutory or voluntary protection in of extreme events (AEWA article III.2(f) & Action Plan para. 2.3), e.g. moratorium during severe weather conditions, such as drought or prolonged harsh winter conditions Avoids pressure on birds during times when they are susceptible to owing to their concentration in a particular area and/or reducing opportunities to feed when birds already have poor body condition Requires good communication network to inform those involved in harvesting that conditions are poor in their region as well as elsewhere in the flyway). However, this problem can be reduced through necessary advanced development