greater than 100 km Small water Magnitude of rapidly u, w, l, and h Physick 1976; body increase with increasing d Neumann and Mahrer dimensions Large shoreline curvature-induced 1975; Yan and Anthes (d< 50 km) divergence and less available cool air 1988; Zhong et al. responsible for weaker SB for small 1991; Boybeyi and d Raman 1992a; Shen 1998 Curvature Mahrer and Segal Convex shoreline strengthens SB 1985; McPherson Concave shoreline weakens SB 1970; Arritt 1989; Gilliam et al. 2004; Boybeyi and Raman 1992a For medium (d 50-100 km) and small (d 5-50 km) water bodies, the ≈ ≈ characteristics and intensity of sea breezes vary nonlinearly due in part to shoreline curvature effects (Boybeyi and Raman 1992a). The overlying boundary layer over a small lake or gulf is subject to greater influence from the ambient land boundary layer in addition to the two mirror circulations competing for limited cool, low-level air. As the size of a water body decreases, the associated circulations become less well-developed, i.e., smaller and shallower with less inland penetration and weaker fronts (Table u w, h, 2.6). The relative increases in and for increases in lake dimensions between 5 and 50 u w km are significantly larger than the increases associated with further increases in water body dimensions between 50 and 100 km (Neumann and Mahrer 1975; Physick 1976; Boybeyi and Raman 1992a; Segal et al. 1997). In contrast, offshore subsidence may increase with decreasing water body dimensions due to enhanced convergence between the two mirror circulations (Physick 1976; Sun et al. 1997). Little is known about the
greater than 100 km Small water body dimensions (d< 50 km) Magnitude of u, w, l, and h rapidly increase with increasing d Large shoreline curvature-induced divergence and less available cool air responsible for weaker SB for small d Physick 1976; Neumann and Mahrer 1975; Yan and Anthes 1988; Zhong et al. 1991; Boybeyi and Raman 1992a; Shen 1998 Curvature Convex shoreline strengthens SB Concave shoreline weakens SB Mahrer and Segal 1985; McPherson 1970; Arritt 1989; Gilliam et al. 2004; Boybeyi and Raman 1992a For medium (d ≈ 50-100 km) and small (d ≈ 5-50 km) water bodies, the characteristics and intensity of sea breezes vary nonlinearly due in part to shoreline curvature effects (Boybeyi and Raman 1992a). The overlying boundary layer over a small lake or gulf is subject to greater influence from the ambient land boundary layer in addition to the two mirror circulations competing for limited cool, low-level air. As the size of a water body decreases, the associated circulations become less well-developed, i.e., smaller u and w, shallower h, with less inland penetration and weaker fronts (Table 2.6). The relative increases in u and w for increases in lake dimensions between 5 and 50 km are significantly larger than the increases associated with further increases in water body dimensions between 50 and 100 km (Neumann and Mahrer 1975; Physick 1976; Boybeyi and Raman 1992a; Segal et al. 1997). In contrast, offshore subsidence may increase with decreasing water body dimensions due to enhanced convergence between the two mirror circulations (Physick 1976; Sun et al. 1997). Little is known about the