Table 5. Test results: connection stiffness (I) Elogation Nominal Initial slip stiffness Measurement thickness stiffness ki load Test Bolt size e1/d0 ke labels (mm) (kN/mm) (kN) (kN/mm) Transducer 1 48.72 5.8 1.90 B1 4.4 Transducer 2 43.46 3.9 1.74 Average 46.09 4.8 1.82 Transducer 1 30.56 5.3 1.56 B2 1.7 Transducer 2 37.83 5.1 1.71 Average 34.20 5.2 1.64 M12 1.55 Transducer 1 36.46 2.9 1.46 B3 4.4 Tranducer 2 70.68 3.2 1.24 Average 53.57 3.1 1.35 Transducer 1 35.22 4.7 1.88 B4 2.5 Tranducer 2 36.41 3.8 1.75 Average 35.82 4.2 1.82 Mean value 42.42 4.3 1.66 Standard deviation 9.11 0.9 0.22 Transducer 1 54.03 5.0 2.24 B5 4.4 Transducer 2 47.00 2.8 1.95 Average 50.52 3.9 2.09 Transducer 1 50.82 5.2 2.42 B6 1.7 Transducer 2 52.44 4.4 2.30 Average 51.63 4.8 2.36 M12 2.0 Transducer 1 46.79 7.5 2.36 B7 4.4 Tranducer 2 26.57 6.0 1.94 Average 36.68 6.8 2.15 Transducer 1 38.81 4.0 2.18 B8 2.5 Tranducer 2 57.03 5.3 2.32 Average 47.92 4.6 2.25 Mean value 46.69 5.0 2.21 Standard deviation 6.85 1.2 0.12
Table 5. Test results: connection stiffness (I) Test Bolt size Nominal thickness e1/d0 Measurement labels Initial stiffness ki slip load Elogation stiffness ke (mm) (kN/mm) (kN) (kN/mm) B1 M12 1.55 4.4 Transducer 1 48.72 5.8 1.90 Transducer 2 43.46 3.9 1.74 Average 46.09 4.8 1.82 B2 1.7 Transducer 1 30.56 5.3 1.56 Transducer 2 37.83 5.1 1.71 Average 34.20 5.2 1.64 B3 4.4 Transducer 1 36.46 2.9 1.46 Tranducer 2 70.68 3.2 1.24 Average 53.57 3.1 1.35 B4 2.5 Transducer 1 35.22 4.7 1.88 Tranducer 2 36.41 3.8 1.75 Average 35.82 4.2 1.82 Mean value 42.42 4.3 1.66 Standard deviation 9.11 0.9 0.22 B5 M12 2.0 4.4 Transducer 1 54.03 5.0 2.24 Transducer 2 47.00 2.8 1.95 Average 50.52 3.9 2.09 B6 1.7 Transducer 1 50.82 5.2 2.42 Transducer 2 52.44 4.4 2.30 Average 51.63 4.8 2.36 B7 4.4 Transducer 1 46.79 7.5 2.36 Tranducer 2 26.57 6.0 1.94 Average 36.68 6.8 2.15 B8 2.5 Transducer 1 38.81 4.0 2.18 Tranducer 2 57.03 5.3 2.32 Average 47.92 4.6 2.25 Mean value 46.69 5.0 2.21 Standard deviation 6.85 1.2 0.12