descriptions of our differing relationships with wild and domesticated animals over time. In Sebald especially, this relationship is shown to be pivotal to the procession of human history, and it is the overlapping of natural and human history (if the two can be considered separate), and the extent to which the development of human society is indebted to non-human nature, which will be discussed in the following chapter. Both authors' writing looks towards the development of human society as an underlying influence in the gradual divorce of humans from the natural world through a discussion of our unbridled use of natural resources for our direct benefit. While neither author appears to highlight these actions as inherently ecophobic, it is the motivations behind them, or apathy regarding their implications for non-human entities, that position the societies within these texts closest to Estok's understanding of ecophobia. Finally, it is also of note that neither author directly challenges our attitude towards animals, but chooses instead to subvert our understanding of our relationship with nature in order to cause stimulate a re-evaluation of these interactions. By highlighting human exploitation of the natural world as the key proponent of environmental damage, animal suffering, and human unkindness, they succeed in critiquing our relationship with the natural world and promoting a renegotiation of our self-appointed position within the biosphere. Appendix Figure 1 - Jan Peter Tripp's engraving of Sebald's dog Moritz; Sebald & Tripp, Unrecounted, p. 19.
descriptions of our differing relationships with wild and domesticated animals over time. In Sebald especially, this relationship is shown to be pivotal to the procession of human history, and it is the overlapping of natural and human history (if the two can be considered separate), and the extent to which the development of human society is indebted to non-human nature, which will be discussed in the following chapter. Both authors' writing looks towards the development of human society as an underlying influence in the gradual divorce of humans from the natural world through a discussion of our unbridled use of natural resources for our direct benefit. While neither author appears to highlight these actions as inherently ecophobic, it is the motivations behind them, or apathy regarding their implications for non-human entities, that position the societies within these texts closest to Estok's understanding of ecophobia. Finally, it is also of note that neither author directly challenges our attitude towards animals, but chooses instead to subvert our understanding of our relationship with nature in order to cause stimulate a re-evaluation of these interactions. By highlighting human exploitation of the natural world as the key proponent of environmental damage, animal suffering, and human unkindness, they succeed in critiquing our relationship with the natural world and promoting a renegotiation of our self-appointed position within the biosphere. Appendix Figure 1 - Jan Peter Tripp's engraving of Sebald's dog Moritz; Sebald & Tripp, Unrecounted, p. 19.