When body tissue dies, can be caused by infection or bad gangrene circulation bleeding haemorrhage Deterioration of condition caused by germs or infection A thread tied around a blood vessel to stop bleeding ligature Surgery carried out to alter the appearance of a patient plastic surgery Bacteria on flesh causing infection sepsis To destroy/remove all living micro-organisms from surfaces and surgical instruments sterilise Something tied around a part of the body to put pressure on tournequet the blood vessel and stop blood loss Blood given from one person to another transfusion tumour A swelling caused by cells reproducing at an increased rate. In a Nutshell: How did surgery change 1845-1918? The key features and concepts Students should have knowledge and understanding of: The main problems of surgery before 1840; pain, infection and blood loss. Developments in anaesthetics; nitrous oxide, ether, chloroform, Simpson, opposition and the ‘Black period’ of surgery. Developments in antiseptics; Lister, opposition, aseptic surgery Dealing with blood loss; blood types, Landsteiner, storing blood Students should be aware of the impact of different factors on surgery; science and technology, war and communications. Activity 1 : initial imaging Your teacher will give you a sheet with two images on it. Consider what the two images provided reveals about the nature of surgery in both 1845 and 1918, and the changes which took place across this period.
gangrene When body tissue dies, can be caused by infection or bad circulation haemorrhage bleeding infection Deterioration of condition caused by germs or ligature A thread tied around a blood vessel to stop bleeding plastic surgery Surgery carried out to alter the appearance of a patient sepsis Bacteria on flesh causing infection sterilise To destroy/remove all living micro-organisms from surfaces and surgical instruments tournequet Something tied around a part of the body to put pressure on the blood vessel and stop blood loss transfusion Blood given from one person to another tumour A swelling caused by cells reproducing at an increased rate. In a Nutshell: How did surgery change 1845-1918? The key features and concepts Students should have knowledge and understanding of: The main problems of surgery before 1840; pain, infection and blood loss. Developments in anaesthetics; nitrous oxide, ether, chloroform, Simpson, opposition and the ‘Black period’ of surgery. Developments in antiseptics; Lister, opposition, aseptic surgery Dealing with blood loss; blood types, Landsteiner, storing blood Students should be aware of the impact of different factors on surgery; science and technology, war and communications. Activity 1 : initial imaging Your teacher will give you a sheet with two images on it. Consider what the two images provided reveals about the nature of surgery in both 1845 and 1918, and the changes which took place across this period.