请详细论述约翰·李斯特
#### 约翰·李斯特的简介

JohnListreceivedhisPhDfromtheUniversityofWyomingandiscurrentlytheHomerJ.LivingstonProfessorofEconomicsattheUniversityofChicagoafterpositionsattheUniversityofCentralFlorida,theUniversityofArizonaandtheUniversityofMaryland.JohnhasbeenattheforefrontofenvironmentaleconomicsandhasservedassenioreconomistonthePresident'sCouncilofEconomicAdvisorsforEnvironmentalandResourceEconomics.JohnisalsoaResearchAssociateattheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch,aResearchFellowattheInstitutefortheStudyofLabor(IZA),andaUniversityFellowatTilburgUniversityintheNetherlands.However,Johnisbestknownasoneoftheworld'sleadingexpertsonexperimentaleconomics.
Johnhaspioneeredworkusingfieldexperimentsinwhichhedevelopedscientificmethodsfortestingeconomictheorydirectlyinthemarketplace.HereceivedtheKennethGalbraithAwardin2010and2008ArrowPrizeforSeniorEconomistsforhisresearchonBehavioralEconomicsinthefield.Toobtaindataforhisfieldexperiments,hehasmadeuseofseveraldifferentmarketsincludingcountlesscharitablefundraisingactivities,theChicagoBoardofTrade,CostaRicanCEOs,thenewautomobilemarket,sportsmemorabiliamarkets,coinmarkets,autorepairmarkets,openairmarketslocatedthroughouttheglobe,variousvenuesontheinternet,severalauctionsettings,shoppingmalls,variouslabormarkets,andgrammarandhighschools.Hisworkhasprovidedinsightonsuchissuesaspricingbehavior,marketstructure,thevaluationofnon-marketedgoodsandservices,theimpactofenvironmentalregulation,theeconomicsofcharitablegivingandtheimpactofincentivesoneducationandweightloss.
Recently,Johnhasbeeninvolvedincreatinganexperimentallaboratorythatwillbearfruitintheeducationliteratureforyearstocome.John,alongwithChicagoeconomistStevenLevittandHarvardeconomistRolandFryer,andfundedgenerouslybyChicagophilanthropistsKennethandAnneGriffin,isestablishingtheGriffinEarlyChildhoodCenter.Thisprogramwillfocusonunderstandinghowbesttoeducatethenation'syouth.Additionally,Johncontinuestobeactiveinthefieldofenvironmentaleconomicswithrecentfieldexperimentsonenvironmentaltechnologyadoption.#### 约翰·李斯特的经济理论

Mypassionisusingfieldexperimentstoexploreeconomicquestions.Iviewfieldexperimentsasrepresentingauniquemannerinwhichtoobtaindatabecausetheyforcetheresearchertounderstandeverydayphenomena,manyofwhichwestumbleuponfrequently.Merelygraspingtheinterrelationshipsoffactorsinfieldsettingsisnotenough,however,asthefieldexperimentermustthenseektounderstandmoredistantphenomenathathavethesameunderlyingstructure.Untilthisisachieved,onecannotreapthetruerewardsoffieldexperimentation.Forafullerexpositionofmyviewsonfieldexperimentation,takealookatarecentinterviewwithAaronSteelmanoftheFederalReserveBankofRichmond.
Toobtaindataformyfieldexperiments,Ihavemadeuseofseveraldifferentmarkets,includingcountlesscharitablefundraisingactivities,theChicagoBoardofTrade,CostaRicanCEOs,thenewautomobilemarket,sportsmemorabiliamarkets,coinmarkets,autorepairmarkets,openairmarketslocatedthroughouttheglobe,variousvenuesontheinternet,severalauctionsettings,shoppingmalls,variouslabormarkets,andgrammarandhighschools.
Morerecently,Ihavebeenengagedinaseriesoffieldexperimentswithvariouspubliclytradedcorporations—fromcarmanufacturerstotravelcompanies.IviewthisasexcitingbecauseIcanputeconomictheoriesandapproachesonthelineinthemarketseconomistsconcernthemselves.Notonlyhaveresultsproventobeinformativeandvaluable,butalsoaboveexpectations,assuccessfulfieldexperimentsyieldingquiteinterestingdatapatternshavebeengenerated.Overall,thedatathatIhavecollectedhasprovidedinsightsintomanysubsetsofmicroeconomicsincludingpricingbehavior,discriminationinthemarketplace,thevaluationofnon-marketedgoodsandservices,publicgoodprovisioning,behavioralanomalies,charitablegiving,auctiontheory,andtheroleofthemarketinthedevelopmentofrationality.
利斯特(JohnAList):美国芝加哥大学经济系HomerJLivingston经济学教授和经济系主任。入选诺贝尔经济学家理由:在实验经济学领域做出重要贡献。