The translation prize you mentioned is the National Translation Award of the American Association of Literary Translators. All the entries went through two preliminary rounds of judging before a short list of finalists emerged. The judges were university professors and authors who do translations themselves, but not all the judges necessarily understood the original languages of the translations they were judging.
美國文學翻譯學會年度翻譯獎的評審過程共有三次淘汰，評審委員都是從事翻譯的大學教授或作家，但不一定每個評審都懂選出作品的原文。