基于对一般社会学和人类学在研究方法和研究立场上的差异的分析,表明社会学更有关注实证、定量化和普适性的倾向,而人类学则更是定性的、更为持有文化相对主义的立场.在对这些差异的理解下,思考"科学知识社会学"和科学人类学对当下STS研究的影响,会为STS带来在方法和观念上的重大改变.Based on the analysis of the differences between general sociology of science and anthropology of science in aspects of methodology and standpoint, it is presented that the sociology tends to focus on positive, quantitative a- nalysis and universality, but anthropology puts more emphasis on qualitative studies in standpoint of cultural relativ- ism. With the understanding of those differences, thinking about the influences of SSK and anthropology of science on STS will bring important changes in methodology and standpoint for STS.
差异 科学社会学 科学人类学