generate questions: In the last years of the nineteenth century, Planck was investigating the problem of black-body radiation first posed by Kirchhoff some forty years earlier. It is well known that hot objects glow, and that hotter objects glow brighter than cooler ones. The electromagnetic field obeys laws of motion similarly to a mass on a spring, and can come to thermal equilibrium with hot atoms. The hot object in equilibrium with light absorbs just as much light as it emits. If the object is black, meaning it absorbs all the light that hits it, then its thermal light emission is maximized.
What type of radiation was Planck studying in the late 19th century? {sep_token} How many years prior to Planck's study had the scientific community first discussed black body radiation? {sep_token} What scientist first studied black body radiation? {sep_token} What is required for the electromagnetic field to come to thermal equilibrium? {sep_token} What does a hot object in equilibrium absorb as much as it emits? {sep_token} What was Planck studying in the last part of the nineteenth century? {sep_token} Who posed the problem of black-body radiation? {sep_token} Cooler objects glow less than objects that are what? {sep_token} What does a black object do to any of the light that hits it? {sep_token} What is maximized as a result of a black object absorbing all the light that hits it? {sep_token} Planck studied what problem posed originally by Kirchhoff? {sep_token} If an object is black, what is known about its thermal light emission? {sep_token} What is known about the light absorption of a hot object in equilibrium with light? {sep_token} Electromagnetic fields obey what laws? {sep_token}