Answer a question about this article:
He notes that both A. P. de Candolle and Charles Lyell had stated that all organisms are exposed to severe competition. Darwin emphasizes that he used the phrase "struggle for existence" in "a large and metaphorical sense, including dependence of one being on another"; he gives examples ranging from plants struggling against drought to plants competing for birds to eat their fruit and disseminate their seeds. He describes the struggle resulting from population growth: "It is the doctrine of Malthus applied with manifold force to the whole animal and vegetable kingdoms." He discusses checks to such increase including complex ecological interdependencies, and notes that competition is most severe between closely related forms "which fill nearly the same place in the economy of nature".
What is the struggle that Darwin describes about population likened to?
doctrine of Malthus
Darwin describes the struggle resulting from population growth: "It is the doctrine of Malthus applied with manifold force to the whole animal and vegetable kingdoms."
Therefore, it can be inferred that Darwin's use of ""the phrase 'struggle for existence'"" was likened to Thomas Robert Malthus's theory. Hence, answering this question would require you to have a good understanding about what exactly happened in history when these two men were still alive..