Timor


Timor東帝汶

Sawalian-Tiwen Finawlan-kitakit(東帝汶民主共和國;Toron a sowal:Repúblika Demokrátika Timor-Leste) 

Potawya a sowal:República Democrática de Timor-Leste;通稱東帝汶; Toton a sowal:Timor Lorosa'e; Potawya a sowal:Timor-Leste). O ititraay i Katimol-Sakawalian Etal isakawalian no Tiwen-kanatal a kitakit, o dengan a Micowatan-kowan no Potawya itiya ho (oroma a cecay o Awmen).1999 miheca saka 8 folad midemak to Kapolongan-Pitopa no finawlan to sapisiikedaw, 2002 miheca saka 5 folad saka 20 romi’ad lafii milekel to kalaheci no pisiiked, 2002 miheca saka 9 folad saka 27 romi’ad malaheci ko pikapot i Linheko, o saka 191 a cefang no Linheka.

Tatapangan no ngangan(詞源) 
O pipangangan no Kawaliay-Tiwen sifo o “ Timor-Leste”, patokeled sa o malongangan no kitaktit tono Potawya a sowal. “ leste” sanay a sowal no Potawya, o “ sawalian” sanay ko imi nona tilid;ora sa “Timor” o nano sowal no Inni to “timur” o sawalian ko imi no nini a tilid,orasaka, nipatata’edipan ko sawalian sanay a tilid ko ngangan nona kitakit, ala hananay to ko “ Timor Timur” malongangan no pala, pangangan hato to “Tim-tim” Sawalian-Tiwen. Ora sato o “Lorosa’e” o sowal tono Toton to sawalian sanay, o kasadakan no cidal sanay ko imi.

Rikisi(歷史) 

O Potawya ato Sawalian-Tiwen misatang malali’aca to dafong i satapangan no saka 16 sici, patokeleday a mipaheci a micowatay-pikowan, tahira to i sasifo’an no saka 20 sici. 1859 miheca mararawraw ato Holan ta ira ko katatilid to kakaketonan, kelit han no Potawya ko isaka’etipay nona kanatal(Sa’etipay-Tiwen) pafeli ko Holan. I sakatosa-Laloodan, i ikor no Tiwen-Lalood ma’eco no Dipon i 1942-1945 mihecaan ko Micongacongay to Potawya a Tiwen, nikawrira, yo malowid sato ko Dipon milolol heca ko Potawya a mikowan tona Tiwen.

Misawad to Micowatay-Pikowan a demak ko sifo no Potawya i 1974 miheca, sawaden ko i papotalay a Micowatan-kowan, orasaka tatootoor sa a misiiked ko nikowan no Potawya i papotal. Oni sa Sawalian-Tiwen itiraay i 1975 miheca saka 11 folad saka 28 romi’ad midiiked, oatireng to Sawalian-Tiwen Finawlan-kitakit, nikawrira, ikor to 9 romi’ad ma’eco no Inni, patirengen no Inni ko Sawalian-kowan(Timor Timur) i 1976 miheca saka 7 folad. sanoyanan sa to 20 mihecaan cilacila ira ko mikangyiay a rawraw, oniniay o parariday to 20 mihecaan ko pilongoc to sapisiikedaw a lalood , ira ko 10-20 ‘ofad ko mihadekan mipatayay tamdaw.

1999 miheca saka 8 folad saka 30 romi’ad, kantoken no Linheko ko Kapolongan-Pitopano finawlan, sahetoay mihayiay to sapisiikedaw nani pikowan no Inni. O sofitay no Inni ato mifelihay to pisiiked a tamdaw malakapot a midemak to ‘edef no kitakit to pipenec a paco’ay. Latek ira ko 1,400 ko tamdaw no Sawalian-Tiwen ko mapatayay, mapaci’eci ho pafolaw tayra i Sa’etipay-Tiwen. O dafong no kitakit to loma’, pananoman, nananomen, pitilidan ato dinki sahetoay to mapeleng to 100%. 1999 miheca saka 9 folad saka 20 romi’ad, o sofitay no Awco ko sarakatay  do’edo sa ko roma a kitakit micomod a mihedefong, orasaka mapaterep kona mipadesay a pipenec.

Pacarcar han no “Pacarcaray mikowan to Sawalian-Tiwen no Linheko” (United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor) to tosa ira ko pangkiw mihecaan, ta laheci sato ko pisiiked i 2002 miheca saka 5 folad saka 20 romi’ad, o ngangan no kitakit o Sawalian-Tiwen Finawlan-kitakit, malamihayian no kasakitakit a misiikeday-kitakit.

I kaleponan no 2006 miheca saka 4 folad, yo tomireng ko fa’elohay a Tapang no kitakit, makakaforawan ko kitakit mamalahedaw sato ko pakirikecay pikowan. Ira ko pilongoc no sifo no Sawalian-Tiwen, o sofitay no Awco ko sa’ayaway a micomod ko Kasakitakit-sofitay(ISF) i Sawalian-Tiwen i saka 5 folad. Saka 8 folad, patireng ko Linheko Sakarihaday-Iinkay to  “Pacarcaray mikowan to Sawalian-Tiwen a Mapolongay Kasafelaw”(UNMIT),ilaloma’ noni ira ko 1,600 a tayhin. Tangsol sato a mahinaker ko karawraw no Sawalian-Tiwen, 2007 miheca saka 4 folad ato saka 6 folad misinkiw ko congtong ato Kalomaocan, awa ko masamaamaanay fangafang. 2008 miheca saka 2 folad, cakalaheci ko sapipatayaw no mifelihay to sifo a masakapotay, o tomok to nona masakapotay ko mapatayay, mipasitira ko ‘alomanay a mifelihay a sofitay. Sanoyanan sato ko kahinaker no Sawalian-Tiwen.

Kaitiraan(地理) 
O ititraay i Katimol-Sakawalian Etal isakawalian no Tiwen-kanatal a kitakit,I sakawaliay Mamangay-Sin kanatanatalan no Indonisiya-kanatanatalan, isakatimolan no sakawali o Awco(Awstoraiya). O sera mahaop ko sakawalian ato saka’etipay lilis no riyar no Tiwen-kanatal, o malikotay no Inni a Wokusi-etal ato ingataay a Atawro-kanatal. Isaka’etipan madado’edo ato nikowanan no Inni a Sa’etipay-Tiwen.

Tona kitakit adihay ko tokos, i dafdaf ato la’ed no tokos o Fa’edetay-rengorengosan kakarayan, tadafa’edetay to polong no mihecaan, tadamahapinangay ko ma’icangay ato macepa’ay a kakarayan; oroma a etal o Fa’edetay-kilakilangan kakarayan, o ‘emin no mihecaan takaraw ko fa’edet kali’orad. O sa’adihayay a koleng o lenlen ato seli’ no tokos, ira heca ko ‘atoray cenami ato faliyos.

O kinaira  no pala ira ko ’ekim, simal-kasolin, kaso ato ’adicaw.

O liomah sa i,oya no to’asan ho a miilohan a mifaliw ko tokos a misamatang, orasak cilacila mailoh ko tokos maseli’ ko sera.

Ilawacay no Sa’etipan-Tiwen a riyariyaran, o Tiwen-riyar, Sawu-riyar ato Panta-riyar, ono ’Atol no riyar a tata’angay toloay-coco’ a faniyot, ira ko ikakaay a kasasiromaroma a kina’orip a ka’oripan.

Saka’orip(經濟) 
I kaleponan no 1999 mihecaan, mapeleng ko 70% no saka’orip a dafong no mifelihay to sapisiikedaw ato sofitay no Inni. 30 ’ofad ko mafolaway a tamdaw malapakoyoc. To ikor to tolo mihecaan, ira ko 5,000 mipahinakeray-sofitay ato 1,300 a tayhin mipadang a miliyaw patireng to dafong no tokay ato iyaro’. Tahira to i kaleponan no 200 mihecaan minokay patikor koya mafolaway ano ca itira i Inni a maro’.

Wataay ko sasi’ayawen a salifet to sapiliyaw a patireng to saka’orip no Sawalian-Tiwen, tinako o paranaan a nipatirenganm o pikowan to matayalay i sifo, misahalaka to sakacitayal no ‘alomanay a away ko tayal a kapah. Malemeday to kaira no ‘etan no pikarkar to salawacan no riyar a simal, o kaso mapaliwal i Awco.

I 2005 miheca saka 6 folad mihayi ko Kalomaocan no kitakit to Nosimalan-pisopedan to payso, to sapina’ang to polong a ’etan no simal, sapipaini to ikor a tamdaw no Tiwen to sapipa’ading to sakakadofah no dafong no simal.tahira i 2010 miheca saka 10 folad, ona misopedan-payso ira to ko 6.6 ’ok payso no Amirika.ona kitakit awaay ko citanengay to nikipaysoay-demak, orasak o sarihadayay a pipatelian to payso o Kitakitan-Kiyam no Amirika, caka tahafikod toya karawraw no kasakitakit a pakipaysoay demak i 2007-2008 mihecaan, toyanan a mihecahecaan o Salongocan-Kiking ko sakakaay ko kaci’etan. 

O kasafaco no saka’orip no Sawalian-Tiwen(2001miheca) o mihamhamay-tayal 57%, liomah 25%, misanga’ay to dafong 17%, ira ho kinaira no simal ato kaso, onini a taya i,mapenec no Awco. 2001 miheca o nipacomodan a dafong a li’aca ira ko 2’ok 3,700 ’ofad ko Amirika payso. O sakakaay nipacomodan a dafong o kikay. O sakakaay nipasadakan paliwal a dafong ira ko kafi, komo, kilang, simal,kaso. 

Ona kitakit o samanikaway a kitakit itini i kasakitakit, sahetoay o paini no roma a kitakit ko saka’orip, misafilofiloay a sakanga’ayaw no saka’orip, nikawrira, tahanini awaay ho malaheciay to sakarihaday.

Tamdaw ato Pitooran(人口與宗教) 
I 2011 miheca saka 7 folad ira ko 117 ’ofad ko polong a tamdaw. o syoto tatapangan tokay o Tili, ira ko 16 ’ofad ko maro’ay tamdaw. ilaloma’ nonini o yincumin no Sawalian-Tiwen(maramramay to ‘ilang no Papoya-tamdaw ato Malaysiya ano ca Polinisiya) mahaop ko 78%, Inni-tamdaw 20%, Conko-tamdaw 2%. Ira ko 91% no polong tamdaw nona kitakit o mitooray to Roma-Tinsikiw, o Fa’elohay-Misakristoay ira ko 2.6%, 1.7% o Muslain.0.3% o Indo-pitooran, 0.1% o Fcociyaw.

Yo misiiked ko Sawalian-Tiwen i 1975 miheca, o sowal no Potawya kono sifoan sowal, yo mihidegong ko Inni milalang to sowal no Potawya. 2002 misiiked a patireng to kitakit i,milaheci ko sifo o Potawya-sowal ato Toton-sowal ko halosowal no sifo,i kalo’orip ira ho ko 16 a kasasiromaroma a sowal no tamtamdaw, o tamdaw no itiniay mafana’ay sowal to safaw 10 a masasiromaromaay sowal. O roma sato i,o kalasowalan to romi’ami’ad o Inni-sowal ato Ikiris-sowal.

Mingataay to sifo’ay-konis no cikiw itini, orasak tadafa’edetay a so’emaet, ‘adihay ko adada. O sakakaay a lifong o piyas,A-’atay,malalisan,cifa’edet, tenkero ato malaliya.

Ponka(文化) 
Macacorok ko Potawya, Holan Dipon ato Inni a mikowan to Sawalian-Tiwen, masasiroma ko mikowanay masasiroma ko nipainian a ponka, ora ko pirecep i ‘orip no tamdaw nona kitakit, macacamol heca ato ponka no itiniay a yincumin. Ira ko  micidekay a makayamay-dafong ato sakero. o kiwiku cowa ho katenak, nawhani cowa ka nga’ay ko ‘orip, i 2010 mihecaan a pisa’osi o mafana’ay to tilid dengan 58.3% no polong tamdaw.

Pacefaday tilid(註腳)