Bastam


Bastam tir tana nelkafa ralma ke Urartu, yoltkirafa gu Rusa-i Tur elamavon, evlon gu -VII-eafa decemda, tigisa koe Taltefa Azera refa winka valenttalte Irana. Tela toleafa lozolonafa ralma ke Urartu tir, kaiki Tushpa.

Tawavopafa tirka 
Bastam tice arestafa venta ( 1300 m- ) kene Aq Çay kuksa tigir ise va azeka is dalafa joya wal Tushpa kelu ke Urartu is Armena is Azera kofelir. Vemafa azeka bak Savsavugal kan narilt zo anduyur.

Izva 
Taneafa conyuta ke frofara tid ke III-eafa decitda, poke Bastam witafa wida tite venta. Azeka bak IX-eafa decemda zo kodoplekuyur viele taneafa ralmama moe venta zo vegeduyur. Wid remi taneafu acku ke VII-eafa decemda tuzolonaweyer, impavantason va tolgrustara va gazaxo gan Rusa II ( 685 - 655 AGJ ). Bastam tiyir tela logijarotifa ralma vegeduyuna gan bat gazik, voxen jijacek di tiyir trelaf larde moni tena ke inafa gazara zo olgalicuyur, rotison gan  saneik. Meka ayafa niska zo katrasiyir numen batcoba bazer da widava abdi guinera is kalanteyara al zo divbuluyur.

Bastam gu vilara va int me di zo kamadayar. Abica conyuta ke kerelera lapted, azen bak sare ke  sane oku  kimi ke widava zo dimvilayar aze remi rekolama zo kereleyer, aze ware bak  sare azu . Bocafa kerelera bak Mialukugal tiyir viele armenik va folkay kamadayad. Nope mongolafa tolgenira bak XIII-eafa decemda, Bastam parmon zo jovleyer nume ko vulkura drasuyur. Bemaf irubasik tite venta koe Bastam refa wida va int inkeyed.

Kruldera ke Bastam tuke zabdus kosuteks kosmayan bak 1910 zo razdayar. Wori miv ralma bak 1967 gan Wolfram Kleiss rawopik zo kosmayar. Walvedeyafi rawopikafi soli mali 1968 remi tanoya sanda va debak joxayar. Warzafa kojowara bak 1999 zo mopoyeyed.

Pimtara 
Koe azeka kaike ralma, mugexakiraf birtey tikis vas okolafa vartera zo katrasiyir. Tite venta, lenteon, irubaxo divlizeyer lize eresklik is dolekik zo emudeyed.

Lum ke ralma tir vas mon 800 m- jon 400 m- ; moe baroya vwa tigir. Vegedus ugot tir norka, moe raporaf cofuot. Ralma kan migexa dem rontagentimaf rasek is sekol zo nendayar.

Kolanixo koe titak tir kan geeon tanaf tuvel. Koe bat pak ke widaki, sayakaxe ke virutsa is jaftolxe roruldase vas mon tev-sanoy okol is sukarn is burmotaxo is emaxeme tigid.

Koe istak, zaipa is vor is punta koe emaxepe zo abdaraykayad. Anteyanafa niska ke konaka decemoya sulemafa cewa dere zo katrasiyid. Pokeon azekos tigir lize rasekdopewa miwayana koe zabdus kosuteks is tarizayana gu Haldi lorik tigiyir.

Ticak tir gazafo sokexo lize lingeyen girodaf stogoyeks zo katrisiyid. Larde widava abdi kalvilara trumon zo guineyer, vuga muka bal joxara anton zo katrasiyid ; soe rostragat :
 yona gazafa twa kan simbakoraf eltay keve kuritcaf vapey is ayon kosuteks keve rapor ;
 1240 kuritcaf poz dem kueca kaatoesa va gazik ik sersik ik ar strabik ;
 azilafa imizxa ;
 Skutoy tcekotsa ;
 olkotca ke iyekotafo guto ;
 akintakorafa kueca ;
 tanoy nolakoraf trig.

Vuestexa 

 (en) Wolfram Kleiss, Bastam, Encyclopædia Iranica
 (en) Stephan Kroll, Excavations of the ancient Urartian fortress Bastam (Iran-Azarbayjan - 1969-1978), 2004 Bastam
 (en) Paul Zimansky, An Urartian Ozymandias, Biblical Archaeologist, vol. 58 n° 2, 1995, ISSN 0006-0895

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Bastam
Bastam