Gaazii
Gaaziin ykn Qilleensiyyee haala wantootaa kan bu'uuraa afur keessaa tokko (isaan kaan jajjaboo, dhangala'oo fi pilaazmaa dha). Gaazii qulqulluun, atamoota dhuunfarraa (fkn gaazii luujii) kan uummame, molokiyuulii elementii kan atamii tokkorraa uummame (fkn ooksijiinii), ykn molokiyuulii kampaawondii atamoota adda addaarraa hojjatame (fkn kaarbon daayi'oksaayidii) ta'uu dnada'a. Wal makaan gaazii, akkuma qilleensaa, gaazota qulqulluu adda addaa of keessaa qabaachuu danda'a. Wanti gaazii jajjaboo fi dhangala'oorraa adda baasuu tokko fageenya guddaa paartikilii gaazii gidduu jirudha. Addaan fageenyi kun gaazin halluu maleessa ta'e namatti akka hin mullane godha. Bakka elektrikii fi giraaviitin jirutti, walii qunnamtiin paartikiloota gaazii gidduu jiru baayyee xiqqaa dha.

Wabii 
 Draper, John William (1861). A textbook on chemistry. New York: Harper and Sons. p. 178.    
 John S. Hutchinson (2008). Concept Development Studies in Chemistry. p. 67.    
 J. Clerk Maxwell (1904). Theory of Heat. Mineola: Dover Publications. pp. 319–20.ISBN 0-486-41735-2.