The ocean (also the sea or the world ocean) is the body of salt water which covers approximately 71\% of the surface of the Earth and contains 97\% of Earth's water. Another definition is "any of the large bodies of water into which the great ocean is divided"."Ocean." Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, URL Accessed March 14, 2021. The ocean is divided into five oceans : Pacific (the largest) , Atlantic, Indian, Southern (Antarctic), and Arctic (the smallest). Seawater covers approximately of the Earth. As the world's ocean is the principal component of Earth's hydrosphere, it is integral to life on Earth , forms part of the carbon cycle and water cycle, and - as a huge heat reservoir - influences climate and weather patterns.  Oceanographers divide the ocean into different vertical and horizontal zones defined by physical and biological conditions. The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean, and can be divided into further regions categorized by light abundance and by depth. The photic zone includes the oceans from the surface to a depth of 200 m; it is the region where photosynthesis can occur and is, therefore, the most biodiverse. Photosynthesis by plants and microscopic algae (free floating phytoplankton) allows them to create organic matter from chemical precursors including water and carbon dioxide. It is this upper sunlit ocean that creates the food supply that ultimately sustains most of the ocean ecosystem. Light only penetrates to a few hundred meters depth, so the remaining ocean below this is cold and dark. The continental shelf around the edge of the oceans is shallower (a few hundred meters or less) and this region is most impacted by human activity.
The ocean (also the sea or the world ocean) is the body of salt water which covers approximately 71\% of the surface of the Earth and contains 97\% of Earth's water. Another definition is "any of the large bodies of water into which the great ocean is divided"."Ocean." Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, URL Accessed March 14, 2021. Separate names are used to identify five different areas of the ocean : Pacific (the largest) Atlantic, Indian, Southern (Antarctic), and Arctic (the smallest). Seawater covers approximately of the Earth. The ocean is the principal component of Earth's hydrosphere, and therefore integral to life on Earth . The ocean is a huge heat reservoir and influences climate and weather patterns. the carbon cycle and the water cycle. Oceanographers divide the ocean into different vertical and horizontal zones based on physical and biological conditions. The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean, and can be divided into further regions categorized by light abundance and by depth. The photic zone includes the oceans from the surface to a depth of 200 m; it is the region where photosynthesis can occur and is, therefore, the most biodiverse. Photosynthesis by plants and microscopic algae (free floating phytoplankton) allows them to create organic matter from chemical precursors including water and carbon dioxide. It is this upper sunlit ocean that creates the food supply that ultimately sustains most of the ocean ecosystem. Light only penetrates to a few hundred meters depth, so the remaining ocean below this is cold and dark. The continental shelf around the edge of the oceans is shallower (a few hundred meters or less) and this region is most impacted by human activity.
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