source: Sahel Security Alerts; Infowakat; Undisclosed Source; Twitter
actor1: JNIM: Group for Support of Islam and Muslims
actor2: VDP: Volunteer for Defense of Homeland
location: Mangodara
notes: On 13 January 2022, a volunteer fighter (VDP) patrol struck an IED likely planted by JNIM militants between Mangodara and Noumoukiedougou (Mangodara, Comoe). Two VDP were killed immediately and two wounded, one succumbed to his wounds.