source: Tchad Actuel; HumAngle; Twitter; AFP; Rocket Chat; Alwihda (Chad)
actor1: Islamic State (West Africa) - Lake Chad Faction and/or Boko Haram - Jamaatu Ahli is-Sunnah lid-Dawati wal-Jihad
actor2: Military Forces of Chad (1990-2021)
location: Kalam
notes: On 8 July 2020, Boko Haram/IS planted an IED at Kalam (Kaya, Lac), targeting Chadian soldiers. Reports on fatalities range from 8 to 13.