source: Undisclosed Source
actor1: CNDD-FDD-Imbonerakure: National Council for the Defence of Democracy (Imbonerakure Faction)
actor2: N/A
location: Gihanga
notes: Non-violent activity: On 31 July, some Imbonerakure placed checkpoints in Gihanga, Bubanza, harassing people to pay their contribution to 2020 elections.