source: Undisclosed Source; Facebook; Signal; Infowakat
actor1: Islamic State (West Africa) - Greater Sahara Faction
actor2: VDP: Volunteer for Defense of Homeland
location: Tokabangou
notes: On 1 August 2021, presumed ISWAP (Greater Sahara) militants attacked volunteer fighters (VDP) in Tokabangou (Markoye, Oudalan). Soldiers intervened in support of the VDP and repelled the attack. A male civilian was killed and a girl wounded. The militants fled away with livestock.