source: Undisclosed Source
actor1: JNIM: Group for Support of Islam and Muslims
actor2: VDP: Volunteer for Defense of Homeland
location: Hitte
notes: On 13 October 2021, presumed Ansaroul Islam or Katiba Macina (JNIM) militants and volunteer fighters (VDP) exchanged gunfire in the village of Hitte (Ouindigui, Loroum). There were no casualties.