source: Reelle Afrique
actor1: JNIM: Group for Support of Islam and Muslims and/or Islamic State (West Africa) - Greater Sahara Faction
actor2: VDP: Volunteer for Defense of Homeland
location: Kelbo
notes: On 9 September 2020, presumed JNIM or ISGS militants clashed with volunteer fighters (VDP) near Kelbo (Kelbo, Soum). One volunteer fighter was killed and others wounded.