source: Daily Trust (Nigeria); The Cable (Nigeria)
actor1: Military Forces of Nigeria (2015-)
actor2: Kaduna Communal Militia (Nigeria)
location: Birnin Gwari
notes: On 17 September 2021, military forces clashed with a Kaduna militia during an operation to rescue an abducted major around Birnin Gwari-Afaka (Birnin Gwari, Kaduna) coded as Birnin Gwari. The major was rescued; and many militia members killed, according to the authorities. Unknown fatalities coded as 10.