source: Whatsapp
actor1: JNIM: Group for Support of Islam and Muslims and/or Islamic State (West Africa) - Greater Sahara Faction
actor2: Military Forces of Niger (2011-2021) Gendarmerie
location: Koutougou
notes: On 24 October 2020, a gendarmerie vehicle struck an IED between the villages of Koutougou and Boni (Torodi, Tillaberi). Between two and seven gendarmes were reportedly wounded. The device was likely planted by JNIM or ISGS militants.