source: Whatsapp
actor1: JNIM: Group for Support of Islam and Muslims and/or Islamic State (West Africa) - Greater Sahara Faction
actor2: VDP: Volunteer for Defense of Homeland
location: Pobe Mengao
notes: On 22 July 2020, suspected JNIM or ISGS militants abducted four volunteer fighters (VDP) between Pobe Mengao (Pobe-Mengao, Soum) and Djibo.