source: AMAP; AFP; Whatsapp
actor1: JNIM: Group for Support of Islam and Muslims
actor2: Military Forces of Mali (2013-2020)
location: Tondo Erkokoni
notes: On 2 December 2019, two Malian soldiers were killed and seven others wounded by the explosion of an IED in the area of Tonou (Tondo Erkokoni), the device was likely planted by JNIM militants.