Both age groups who experienced chronic pain were at increased risk for psychological morbidity. Younger widowers with chronic pain reported increased risk of depression (a single item question on depression: RR 2.44; CI 1.03-5.79), anxiety (RR 2.12; CI 1.10-4.09) and sleep disorders (RR 4.09; CI 2.02-8.26) and older widowers of depression (RR 2.45; CI 1.60-3.76 and a single-item question: RR 2.17; CI 1.11-4.21) and anxiety (RR 2.04; CI 1.05-3.96).
Þeir ekklar sem höfðu einkenni langvarandi verkja voru í aukinni áhættu á sálrænum heilsubresti svo sem þunglyndi (RR 2.44; CI 1.03-5.79 af spurningalista), kvíða (RR 2.12; CI 1.10-4.09) og svefntruflunum (RR 4.09; CI 2.02-8.26) hjá yngri ekklum, einnig var aukin áhætta á þunglyndi (RR 2.45; CI 1.60-3.76 á HADS-kvarða yfir 8 og RR 2.17; CI 1.11-4.21 af spurningalista) og kvíða (RR 2.04; CI 1.05-3.96) hjá eldri ekklum.