aluminum electrolytic capacitors with non-solid electrolyte are relatively insensitive to high and short-term transient voltages higher than surge voltage, if the frequency and the energy content of the transients are low. this ability depends on rated voltage and component size. low energy transient voltages lead to a voltage limitation similar to a zener diode. an unambiguous and general specification of tolerable transients or peak voltages is not possible. in every case transients arise, the application has to be approved very carefully.