the earliest turkish reference to pişmaniye is a recipe by şirvani, a physician writing during the 1430s. the persian form "pashmak", related to and , the origin of the turkish name "pişmaniye", occurs in the poetry of the iranian poet ebu ishak, also known as bushak (d. 1423 or 1427). "pashm" in persian means wool, and "pashmak" means wool-like.