glutamate receptors (glurs) are localized to the postsynaptic density, and are anchored by cytoskeletal elements to the membrane. they are positioned directly above their signalling machinery, which is typically tethered to the underside of the plasma membrane, allowing signals transmitted by the glurs into the cytosol to be further propagated by their nearby signalling elements to activate signal transduction cascades. the localization of signalling elements to their glurs is particularly important in ensuring signal cascade activation, as glurs would be unable to affect particular downstream effects without nearby signallers.