, approximately half of the broadcast airtime of saudi state television was devoted to religious issues. 90 percent of books published in the kingdom were on religious subjects, and most of the doctorates awarded by its universities were in islamic studies. in the state school system, about half of the material taught is religious. in contrast, assigned readings over 12 years of primary and secondary schooling devoted to covering the history, literature, and cultures of the non-muslim world comes to a total of about 40 pages.