places with a subarctic climate (also called boreal climate) have long, usually very cold winters, and short, warm summers. it is found on large landmasses, away from oceans, usually at latitudes from 50° to 70°n. because there are no large landmasses at such latitudes in the southern hemisphere, it is only found at high "altitudes "(heights) in the andes and the mountains of australia and new zealand's south island. these climates are in groups "dfc", "dwc", "dfd" and "dwd" in the köppen climate classification