for the 2004–05 fiscal year, the university spent $561.3 million on research. of cornell's units, the largest amount of this funding went to the colleges of medicine ($164.2 million), agriculture and life sciences ($114.5 million), arts and sciences ($80.3 million), and engineering ($64.8 million). the money comes largely from federal sources, with federal investment of $381.0 million. the federal agencies that invest the most money are the department of health and human services and the national science foundation that make up, respectively, 51.4% and 30.7% of all federal investment in the university. cornell was on the top-ten list of u.s. universities receiving the most patents in 2003, and was one of the nation's top five institutions in forming start-up companies. in 2004–05, cornell received 200 invention disclosures, filed 203 u.s. patent applications, completed 77 commercial license agreements, and distributed royalties of more than $4.1 million to cornell units and inventors.