the political doctrine of the commonwealth was "our state is a republic under the presidency of the king". chancellor jan zamoyski summed up this doctrine when he said that "rex regnat et non-gubernat" ("the king reigns but ["lit." 'and'] does not govern"). the commonwealth had a parliament, the sejm, as well as a "senat" and an elected king ("pic. 1"). the king was obliged to respect citizens' rights specified in king henry's articles as well as in "pacta conventa", negotiated at the time of his election.