the duchy of warsaw, established in 1807, traced its origins to the commonwealth. other revival movements appeared during the november uprising (1830–31), the january uprising (1863–64) and in the 1920s, with józef piłsudski's failed attempt to create a polish-led "międzymorze" ("between-seas") federation that would have included lithuania and ukraine. today's republic of poland considers itself a successor to the commonwealth, whereas the republic of lithuania, re-established at the end of world war i, saw the participation of the lithuanian state in the old polish–lithuanian commonwealth mostly in a negative light at the early stages of regaining its independence, although this attitude has been changing recently.