the philosopher clark glymour writes that "psychology from an empirical standpoint" "gave freud one vision of what psychology should seek to know, and of what methods it should use." according to glymour, brentano believed that "psychology should have exact laws, and that the goal of psychology should be to find such laws...brentano held that there are exact laws that refer only to the mental, and do not need to appeal to physical circumstances." in glymour's view, while "psychology from an empirical standpoint" "contains lively criticism", brentano nevertheless "had no laws of any interest to propose" and when brentano tries to produce results from his method "the product is deadly dull and nearly vacuous." glymour considers brentano's efforts "lame" in comparison to the work of the physician carl wernicke, who produced a new analysis of the capacity for language.