work for the actors began in 2010. their performances were mostly recorded using motion capture technology. dialogue for scenes with characters seated in vehicles was recorded in studios. because the actors had their dialogue and movements recorded on-set, they found their performances no different to film or television roles. their dialogue was scripted such that they could not ad-lib; however, they sometimes made small changes to the performance with directorial approval. to prepare for his role as michael, luke gained 25 pounds and studied rockstar's previous games, starting with "grand theft auto iv". he considered michael's characterisation to be an amalgamation of hugh beaumont's portrayal of ward cleaver in the american sitcom "leave it to beaver" (1957–63) and al pacino's portrayal of tony montana in the 1983 film "scarface".