because the reference frame for tcg is not rotating with the surface of the earth and not in the gravitational potential of the earth, tcg ticks faster than clocks on the surface of the earth by a factor of about 7.0 × 10 (about 22 milliseconds per year). consequently, the values of physical constants to be used with calculations using tcg differ from the traditional values of physical constants. (the traditional values were in a sense wrong, incorporating corrections for the difference in time scales.) adapting the large body of existing software to change from tdb (barycentric dynamical time) to tcg is a formidable task, and as of 2002 many calculations continue to use tdb in some form.