the opposition of the rebellious german nobles used the excommunication of henry to set up a rival king rudolf of rheinfelden (forchheim, march 1077). at first gregory seemed to be neutral because the two parties (emperor and rebels) were of fairly equal strength. but finally he decided for rudolf after his victory at "flarchheim" (27 january 1080) and declared the excommunication and deposition of king henry again (7 march 1080).