the 1955–56 oberliga was the eleventh season of the oberliga, the first tier of the football league system in west germany and the saar protectorate. the league operated in five regional divisions, berlin, north, south, southwest and west. the five league champions and the runners-up from the west, south, southwest and north then entered the 1956 german football championship which was won by borussia dortmund. it was borussia dortmund's first-ever national championship and second appearance in the championship final, having previously lost to vfr mannheim in 1949.