before livermore, another civil war veteran, william f. fox, compiled his estimate the hard way. he went over every muster list, battlefield record and pension record he could find. in 1889 he wrote "regimental losses in the american civil war, 1861-1865". fox came up with the round number of 94,000 dead. in addition to the number, fox contributed information on the average union soldier. for example, that he averaged 5 feet 8 ¼ inches tall and weighed 143 ½ pounds.