in 1863, during the american civil war, the evangelical lutheran general synod of the united states passed several patriotic resolutions that alienated four of its member synods, the north carolina, south carolina, virginia, and southwestern virginia synods, located in the confederacy. those four synods withdrew from that body and, together with the georgia synod, formed the general synod of the evangelical lutheran church in the confederate states of america at a meeting in concord, north carolina.