the earliest history of the chapter of s. cyriaco is without documentation. in 1179, however, pope alexander iii issued a bull, confirming the archdeacon and his colleagues in the chapter all the rights, privileges and property which they possessed. in the bull he mentions their right to offerings made at certain altars in the cathedral, which had been granted by bishops transbertus, marcellinus and bernardus. the chapter was therefore in existence by the very end of the 11th century.