the artist's cd-rom and dvd-rom are new forms of the artist's book. presentation of work in this format enables artists to put multimedia and hypertext into installation art. pioneers of the new format include laurie anderson, jean-jacques birgé, david blair, john maeda, christine tamblyn, marita liulia, marjorie franklin, paul tompkins, elizabeth hinkle-turner, takahiko iimura and rodrigo toledo.