brazil–united states relations are the bilateral relations between brazil and the united states. relations have a long history. the united states was the first country to recognize brazilian independence, and brazil was the only south american nation to send troops to fight alongside the allies in world war ii. though never openly confrontational towards each other, the two countries have had relatively-distant relations, with brief periods of co-operation. while brazilian-american relations strengthened significantly after the election of dilma rousseff as president of brazil in 2010 and the recent deterioration of brazil–iran relations, there has been a period of tension in relations over the june 2013 revelation of us mass surveillance programs in brazil after there had been proof of american spying on rousseff. rousseff cancelled a scheduled visit to the us in september, 2013 in protest over such revelations. this tension receded somewhat in 2014 after it became clear that us president barack obama had not been directly involved in surveillance programs. relations have improved markedly since rousseff's state visit on june 30, 2015 to the united states, nearly two years after she had canceled a previous visit to the united states over the spying scandals. in 2019 with the victory of jair bolsonaro, the two countries approached again, signing deals in the areas of research, security and defense, bolsonaro and trump are considered regional allies.