tribal people using various plants for medicinal and various purposes (rai et al. 2000; singh et al. 1997; lin 2005) extends the use notion for herbal fish stupefying plants. use of the fish poisons is very old practice in the history of human kind. in 1212 ad king frederick ii prohibited the use of certain plant piscicides, and by the fifteenth century similar laws had been decreed in other european countries as well (wilhelm 1974). all over the globe, indigenous people use various fish poisons to kill the fishes, documented in america (jeremy 2002) and among tarahumara indian (gajdusek 1954).