the earliest styles are those given in sources which have come down to us mainly from ireland. these sources are generally reliable. for the earlier medieval period, "annals of ulster" (au) and "annals of tigernach" (at) derive from the "iona chronicle", a chronicle kept in scotland. the "annals of innisfallen" are not as reliable, and the forms given in that source, when in doubt, do not need to be trusted. other sources used here are the "annals of connacht" (ac) and the "chronicon scotorum" (cs) the style almost always king's name, followed by patronymic, followed by title. the source of each style is given in brackets, followed by the year under which it follows (s.a. = "sub anno"); it is usually the year in which the king died. until the eleventh century, there is no one fixed term for "scotland" in gaelic. before tenth century, the kings the area now comprising modern scotland are either "of picts", "of fortriu" or "of alba", standardising after 900; but the rulers of moray, not by historiographical tradition called "king", "are" called king in the sources; moreover, they are sometimes called "kings of alba".