the early successes convinced more local fulani leaders to come to adama's side. even those ardo'en who opposed his political rule recognised the jihad as an opportunity to expand their territories. njobdi of the wollarbe clan is one notable example, and his major rival, hammam sambo, perhaps the first ardo to have settled in fumbina, proved the major holdout. bitter relations between njobdi and hammam would prove a major obstacle in adama's quest to maintain a cohesive empire.