under the leadership of amadeo bordiga, the left was to control the pcd'i until the lyons congress of 1926. in this period, the militants of the pcd'i would find themselves isolated from reformist workers and from other anti-fascist militants. at one stage, this isolation was deepened when communist militants were instructed to leave defence organisations that were not totally controlled by the party. these sectarian tactics produced concern in the leadership of the communist international and led to a developing opposition within the pcd'i itself. eventually, these two factors led to the displacement of bordiga from his position as first secretary and his replacement by gramsci. by then, bordiga was in a fascist jail and was to remain outside organised politics until 1952. the development of the left communist faction was not the development of the bordigist current (as it is often portrayed).