waddington states that if the presence of the tsg caused violence, then violence would not occur if they were not deployed. waddington uses examples from three poll tax riots to illustrate that the assumption that their deployment causes violence is not correct. when the tsg were not deployed, serious disorder occurred, including a fully-fledged riot. in contrast when the tsg, including specialists in riot control, were deployed there was less violence. what is more he found that the more the police planned for the 'worst-case scenario' the less disorder there was. when they controlled the space and the crowd was at its greatest, violence was lowest. waddington states that whilst the deployment of the tsg in a riot situation is never desirable, it is often essential to maintain order and limit violence. however, he also believes that the use of force should be as minimal as possible and that it should only be used to achieve publicly acceptable purposes.