the 1934 edition was held in a period of dispute between china and japan, following the japanese invasion of manchuria in 1931. inclusion of people from this region in the games caused controversy between the two member nations, which resulted in the break-up of the far eastern athletic association. in september 1937, japan invaded china with the marco polo bridge incident and started the second sino-japanese war (which later became part of world war ii), thus the planned games in 1938 were cancelled.