cleopatra traveled to rome as a client queen in 46 and 44 bc, staying at his villa. following caesar's assassination in 44 bc cleopatra attempted to have caesarion named as his heir. caesar's grandnephew octavian (known as augustus by 27 bc, when he became the first roman emperor) thwarted this. cleopatra then had her brother ptolemy xiv killed and elevated her son caesarion as co-ruler. in the liberators' civil war of 43–42 bc, cleopatra sided with the roman second triumvirate formed by octavian, mark antony, and marcus aemilius lepidus. she developed a personal relationship with mark antony that would eventually produce three children: the twins alexander helios and cleopatra selene ii, and ptolemy philadelphus. antony used his authority as triumvir to carry out the execution of arsinoe iv at cleopatra's request. he became increasingly reliant on cleopatra for both funding and military aid during his invasions of the parthian empire and the kingdom of armenia. although his invasion of parthia was unsuccessful, he managed to occupy armenia. he brought king artavasdes ii back to alexandria in 34 bc as a prisoner in his mock roman triumph hosted by cleopatra. this was followed by the donations of alexandria, in which cleopatra's children with antony received various territories under antony's triumviral authority. cleopatra was named the queen of kings and caesarion the king of kings. this event, along with antony's marriage to cleopatra and divorce of octavia minor, sister of octavian, marked a turning point that led to the final war of the roman republic.