when the law on the maintenance of order was effected on march 4, 1925, he was the minister of foreign affairs in the third i̇smet i̇nönü government. he stayed in office by keeping his position in all the cabinets until atatürk died. he implemented atatürk's foreign policy, held good relations with neighbouring countries and opposition to hegemonic powers. he visited russia three times at the invitation of maxim litvinov, the people's commissar for foreign affairs of the soviet union. these visits took place in 1926 (odessa), and in 1936 and 1937 (moscow).