o'shaughnessy's essay, "the id and the thinking process", evaluates the plausibility of freud's concept of the id. o'shaughnessy provides an account of relevant psychological processes such as the human will and the relationship between the ego and the id. he argues that willing always proceeds from the ego and never from the id. he also explores related subjects such as dreams. wollheim's essay, "the bodily ego", argues that a concept of "the bodily ego" played a role in freud's later thinking. wollheim argues that the concept was concerned with the way in which mental states are related to the body and that its central claim is that certain mental states understand themselves as being, at least in part, bodily states.