adam clayton powell, jr. was followed by samuel dewitt proctor, and he by calvin o. butts. under the direction of butts, the church has continued to be a vital political, social, and religious institution in new york. in 1989 butts founded the abyssinian development corporation (adc), creating a non-profit arm of the church to work on community development and social services. it has created $500 million in development, including the first new high school in harlem in 50 years, the first large supermarket, a retail center, and housing.