other diseases affecting dogs include endocrine diseases, immune-mediated diseases, and reproductive diseases. diabetes mellitus, cushing's syndrome, addison's disease, and hypothyroidism are the most common endocrine diseases. immune-mediated hemolytic anemia is a devastating disease that causes severe anemia in dogs through red blood cell destruction by the immune system. it has been associated with vaccinations and certain drugs, although many cases are idiopathic. a similar but less severe immune disease is immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, characterized by destruction of platelets by the immune system. clinical signs include bruising and petechiae (pinpoint bruising, often seen in the mouth). common reproductive diseases include pyometra (distension of the uterus with pus), mammary tumors, and benign prostatic hyperplasia.