of the five conspirators, only one remained unidentified. in 1908 (seven years after crispi's death) one of them, charles derudio, claimed to have seen, half an hour before the attack, a man approaching and talking with orsini, and recognized him as crispi. but no evidences have never been found regarding crispi's role in the attack. anyway on 7 august 1858, he was expelled from france.