nowadays it has almost disappeared, surviving in many expressions of daily use. local expressions and vocabulary have been gathered in several works, the most interesting ones being those made by luís a. pastrana and david lopez, at the beginning of the 1970s, with a sketch of the morphology and syntax of the dialect and one interesting dictionary of expressions and words, and manuel gutiérrez tuñón's doctoral thesis "the speech of el bierzo", published in 1975.