previous clinical studies with bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate in oncology patients have shown that it can lower and maintain copper levels using a once or twice daily oral dosing. this is an important finding, since untreated wilson's disease may lead to death within several years of the onset of symptoms, and medication use should continue throughout the patient's lifespan. patient compliance is crucial for clinical improvement, and it is a particular challenge for wilson's disease patients taking de-coppering treatments.