augustus hoped to train one member from each family in cuyahoga county, or 375,000 people, in first aid. further volunteer opportunities included 30,000 to 40,000 air raid war- dens, 5,000 police auxiliary officers, and 3,000 auxiliary firemen. local schools also participated in the civil defense program. in february 1951, cleveland school officials sent a letter to all parents describing the civil defense efforts in schools. some schools taught their students how to protect themselves by ducking under their desks and covering their heads — the well-known "duck and cover" technique.