the differences between the forms of the language within the islands have been a major obstacle in the way of standardization of the language. some people have advocated the development of two standards: a north (barlavento) standard, centered on the são vicente creole, and a south (sotavento) standard, centered on the santiago creole. manuel veiga, phd, a linguist and minister of culture of cape verde, is the premier proponent of kriolu's officialization and standardization.