similar paramilitary groups have emerged in andhra pradesh during the last decade. some of these groups are fear vikas, green tigers, nalladandu, red tigers, tirumala tigers, palnadu tigers, kakatiya cobras, narsa cobras, nallamalla nallatrachu (cobras) and kranthi sena. civil liberties activists were murdered by the nayeem gang in 1998 and 2000. on 24 august 2005, members of the narsi cobras killed an individual rights activist and schoolteacher in mahbubnagar district.