the panel detailed a couple of techniques that could be used to estimate the death toll. it is estimated that there were 40,000 surgical procedures and 5,000 amputations performed during the final months of the civil war. using deaths to injuries ratios of 1:2 or 1:3, it is estimated that there were between 15,000 and 22,500 civilian deaths. another technique subtracted the number of civilians who ended up in the idp camps (290,000) from the number of civilians in the "safe zone" (330,000) plus those who escaped the conflict zone before the establishment of the "safe zone" (35,000), giving a civilian death total of 75,000.