a comparison study of local multiplier effects in sweden revealed similar multiplier effects as those found in the united states. the study found that while sizable effects did occur, on average, they were smaller than the effects found in the united states. for sweden, adding a high-skilled job to the traded sector resulted in the creation of 3 additional jobs in the non-traded sector, as opposed to the 5 additional jobs created in the united states. the authors argue the difference is due to the difference in local factors. for example, sweden's relatively smaller wage difference between skilled and unskilled workers negatively impacts the overall multiplier effect.