theseus1 is commonly believed to be able to detect changes in the cell wall and respond to perturbations. this thought has been applied to a few different scenarios. first, it has been considered that the1 detects fragments of cell walls, and then signals for the inhibition of cell elongation. another proposition is that the1 responds to changes in the cell wall composition before signalling for the inhibition of cell elongation. both fragmentation and alternate composition of the cell wall are commonly due to the presence of pathogens. the final commonly supported idea is that the1 could just directly identify the presence of pathogens themselves though the use of its ml domain-like regions. all of these ideas support the theory that the1 is part of the cell's response to pathogenic activity. also, the1 has been shown to upregulate the same genes that are regulated by pattern recognition receptors (prrs) and code for defense-related proteins, which further suggests that the1 plays a role in pathogenic response