the main institutions of law in industrialised countries are independent courts, representative parliaments, an accountable executive, the military and police, bureaucratic organisation, the legal profession and civil society itself. john locke, in his "two treatises of government", and baron de montesquieu in "the spirit of the laws", advocated for a separation of powers between the political, legislature and executive bodies. their principle was that no person should be able to usurp all powers of the state, in contrast to the absolutist theory of thomas hobbes' "leviathan". sun yat-sen's five power constitution for the republic of china took the separation of powers further by having two additional branches of government - a control yuan for auditing oversight and an examination yuan to manage the employment of public officials.