harmonix, a company formed from a computer music group at mit in 1995, released "frequency" in 2001. the game allowed the player to control multiple instruments and gave a feeling of more creative control. the game was well-reviewed, but its abstract style did not allow the player to give a "performance" as in other games and thus proved difficult to market. "frequency" was followed by a similar game, "amplitude" in 2003. harmonix later released more socially driven, karaoke-themed music games in "karaoke revolution" and "singstar" (2003 and 2004 respectively). "donkey konga", developed by namco for nintendo and released in 2003 (2004 in north america) achieved widespread success due to its use of nintendo's "donkey kong" franchise.