a fight between catholic france and protestant england for scotland began again because of the reformation. sometimes france had more power. other times england had it. knox spent many months as a galley slave. he also spent time in exile because of his protestant beliefs. during a trip to scotland, knox's preaching helped the protestant movement. several protestant noblemen came together and made a group called the lords of the congregation. when the group had more power, they invited knox back to scotland to stay.