while the hp lexicon case is an example of western culture treatment of fan fiction and copyright law, in china, harry potter fan fiction is less addressed in legal conflicts but is used as a cultural and educational tool between western and chinese cultures. more specifically, while there are a number of "fake" harry potter books in china, most of these books are treated as addressing concepts and issues found in chinese culture. this transformative usage of harry potter in fan fiction is mainly from the desire to enhance and express value to chinese tradition and culture.