while since the 1990s most moldovans learn english as their first foreign language in schools, few speak it at a sufficiently advanced level to be able to communicate and understand it freely. sometimes french, italian, or spanish are taught first. these languages are often used by moldovan expats and working migrants in other countries, including france, italy, ireland, spain, and the united kingdom. usually the migrants learn the new languages after arriving in a new country. the expatriates and working migrants in portugal, greece, turkey, cyprus, and germany have learned those countries' respective languages. speakers of portuguese, greek, turkish, and german live in moldova.