the ancient greek kingdom of macedonia was just hundreds of small, independent, city-states. one example of a city state is illyria. they sometimes merged together, but not often. one city-state that grew over time was the kingdom of macedon. the greek kingdom of macedon is best known for alexander the great. he invaded and controlled the middle east (excluding arabia),turkey, greece, egypt, afghanistan, pakistan, and the gujarat state of india. however, when alexander died in 323 bce, at the age of 33, he lost his vast empire. the empire was divided into 5 countries, lysimachia (macedon), cassander (northern greece), the antigonid empire (turkey, syria, lebanon, israel, southern greece), the ptolemaic empire (egypt), and the seleucid empire (iraq, iran, afghanistan).