the sco has established relations with the united nations in 2004 (where it is an observer in the general assembly), commonwealth of independent states in 2005, association of southeast asian nations (asean) in 2005, the collective security treaty organization in 2007, the economic cooperation organization in 2007, the united nations office on drugs and crime in 2011, the conference on interaction and confidence-building measures in asia (cica) in 2014, and the united nations economic and social commission for asia and the pacific in 2015, african union in 2018.