as key component of the carlist outlook religion was one of major threads appearing in "montejurra", invariably presented as roman catholic orthodoxy; most issues contained information on religious feasts attended by the carlists, interviews with hierarchs, photographs related and theoretical essays. however, in course of the decade religion became a challenge. in the early 1960s "montejurra" advanced a traditionalist version of christianity, integral component of alzamiento nacional and basis of peace and justice ruling in spain after 1939; various authors remained skeptical of foreign challenges to "our spiritual patrimony", e.g. posed by foreign tourism, and there were even anti-masonic threads appearing. christian democracy, especially the italian way, became a preferred bad boy, constantly and repeatedly charged with distortion of catholic thought and working for the benefit of moscow. vaticanum ii brought bewilderment. initially ironic notes about ecumenism gradually gave way to open and vehement campaign against religious liberty, yet later on "montejurra" settled for traditional carlist doctrine "not a step back and not a step ahead of the church". in practical terms it amounted to tacit endorsement of the new outlook; in 1969 the key theoretical pundit of "montejurra", zabala, claimed openly that "religious liberty is the first fundamental right of a man". however, even in the very late 1960s authors like alvaro d’ors published articles advancing a traditionalist vision.