in the meantime berengar's arch enemy, arnulf of carinthia died in december 899, as a result the hungarians, whom he hired against the italian king, left the kingdom in the next year with all their plunders, not before concluding peace with berengar, who gave them many hostages and "gifts". on their way home the hungarians made an "amphibious assault", a unique achievement from an exclusively land army in the pre-modern times, crossing the adriatic sea in order to attack venice.