the tao array consists of the next generation atlas (autonomous temperature line acquisition system) moorings. prior to the next generation atlas moorings, the standard atlas moorings were used for the array. a notable improvement to the next generation atlas moorings were the inductively coupled sensors for subsurface data which simplified fabrication, and therefore, eliminated the themistor cable and its labor-intensive assembly and deployment procedures. in a few locations, subsurface acoustic doppler current profiler (adcp) moorings are deployed in tandem with nearby atlas moorings. adcps measure velocity profiles in the upper 200–300 m of the water column and data are available only after the subsurface moorings are recovered. mooring recoveries are scheduled on an annual basis. the tao surface mooring consists of a fiberglass-over-foam toroid, an aluminum tower, and a stainless steel bridle with an overall height of 4.9 m when completely rigged.