not only german-speaking authors were burned, but also french authors like henri barbusse, andré gide, victor hugo and romain rolland; american writers such as john dos passos, theodore dreiser, f. scott fitzgerald, ernest hemingway, helen keller, jack london and upton sinclair; as well as english authors joseph conrad, radclyffe hall, aldous huxley, d. h. lawrence and h. g. wells; irish writers james joyce and oscar wilde; and russian authors including isaac babel, fyodor dostoyevsky, ilya ehrenburg, maxim gorki, vladimir lenin, vladimir mayakovsky, vladimir nabokov, leo tolstoy, and leon trotsky.