after world war ii, more ambitious plans, known as the bruce plan, were made for the complete evacuation of slums for modern mid-rise housing developments on the outskirts of the city. however, the central government refused to fund the plans, preferring instead to depopulate the city to a series of new towns. again, economic considerations meant that many of the planned "new town" amenities were never built in these areas. these housing estates, known as "schemes", came therefore to be widely regarded as unsuccessful; many, such as castlemilk, were just dormitories well away from the centre of the city with no amenities, such as shops and public houses ("deserts with windows", as billy connolly once put it). high-rise living too started off with bright ambition—the moss heights, built in the 1950s, are still desirable—but fell prey to later economic pressure. many of the later tower blocks were poorly designed and cheaply built and their anonymity caused some social problems. the demolition of the tower blocks in order to build modern housing schemes has in some cases led to a re-interpretations of the tenement.