for instance, rickford and mcnair-knox (1994) examined the speech of foxy boston, an african-american teenager. whilst on the whole they found that foxy showed higher levels of aave features when communicating with african-american interviewers than with the european interviewer, thereby demonstrating the effect of audience design, in one situation foxy showed considerably lower levels of aave features when interacting with the african-american interviewers. interpreting these patterns, rickford and mcnair-knox argue that foxy's speech can be interpreted in terms of referee design. at the time, foxy was attending a mainstream american high school where standard american english was likely to be overtly prescribed. thus, it is possible that foxy was designing her speech to reflect the norms of a non-present speech community with which she identifies.