negative coping responses of procrastination tend to be avoidant or emotional rather than task-oriented or focused on problem-solving. emotional and avoidant coping is employed to reduce stress (and cognitive dissonance) associated with delaying intended and important personal goals. this option provides immediate pleasure and is consequently very attractive to impulsive procrastinators, at the point of discovery of the achievable goals at hand. there are several emotion-oriented strategies, similar to freudian defense mechanisms, coping styles and self-handicapping.