remodeling begins as early as three to four weeks after fracture and may take 3 to 5 years to complete. the process substitutes the trabecular bone with compact bone. the trabecular bone is first resorbed by osteoclasts, creating a shallow resorption pit known as a "howship's lacuna". then osteoblasts deposit compact bone within the resorption pit. eventually, the fracture callus is remodelled into a new shape which closely duplicates the bone's original shape and strength. this process can be achieved by the formation of electrical polarity during partial weight bearing a long bone; where electropositive convex surface and electronegative concave surface activates osteoclasts and osteoblasts respectively. this process can be enhanced by certain synthetic injectable biomaterials, such as cerament, which are osteoconductive and promote bone healing