romania (old spelling: rumania, roumania; , ) is a country in southeastern europe. it is north of the balkan peninsula, on the lower danube river. western romania is circled by the carpathian mountains. romania also has a border on the black sea. most of the danube delta is found inside romania. romania shares borders with hungary and serbia to the west, ukraine to the far northeast, the republic of moldova to the near northeast, and bulgaria to the south.