codex vaticanus, designated by s or 028 (in the gregory-aland numbering), ε 1027 (von soden), formerly called "codex guelpherbytanus", is a greek manuscript of the four gospels which can be dated to a specific year instead of an estimated range. the colophon of the codex lists the date as 949 (on folio 234 verso). this manuscript is one of the four oldest new testament manuscripts dated in this manner, and the only dated uncial.