there is much debate over the placement of suborders within trichoptera, the formation of the family ryacophiloidea, as well as the relationship between the families within ryacophiloidea. some suggest that spicipalpia should be integrated into integripalpia. current research into the phylogeny of trichoptera suggest that spicipalpia is weakly monophyletic when using certain genetic and morphological characters, and is possibly paraphyletic.