he also considered both the lublin union and church union to have been negative factors in belarusian history, claiming they promote religious intolerance. he also disapproved of the incorporation of belarusian land into russia after the polish-lithuanian commonwealth partitions. generally, he considered "two evils" to have influenced belarusian history negatively: the polish "szlachta aristocratical republic" and the russian "boyar oligarchy". he disapproved of both, as these excluded "demos", being therefore perilous to the belarusian people who are "highly democratic in their historical and folk traditions".