mainstream economics encompasses a wide (but not unbounded) range of views. politically, most mainstream economists hold views ranging from laissez-faire to modern liberalism. there are also divergent views on particular issues within economics, such as the effectiveness and desirability of keynesian macroeconomic policy. although, historically, few mainstream economists have regarded themselves as members of a "school", many would identify with one or more of neoclassical economics, monetarism, keynesian economics, new classical economics, or behavioral economics.