shortly after its enactment, the vulnerability of the constitution to political realities became dramatically clear. the adversarial relationship it created between the cabinet and the parliament brought about tragedy and a serious loss of political momentum. in october 1965, following the election of the new legislature, an impasse over its approval of the new cabinet brought about rioting and intervention by the army leading to the death of at least three student demonstrators. the proposed cabinet was withdrawn, following which a reshuffled one under the leadership of muhammad hashim maiwandwal, a senior diplomat, was approved with little opposition. officials and legislators were faced with running the new system with hopes considerably dampened.