the u.s. view of the coup continues to spark controversy. beginning in late 2014 in response to a request by then senate armed services committee chair carl levin, united states southern command (ussouthcom) william j. perry center for hemispheric defense studies (chds), located at the national defense university in washington, d.c., has been under investigation by the department of defense office of inspector general. insider national security whistleblower complaints included that the center knowingly protected a chds professor from chile who was a former top advisor to pinochet after belonging to the dirección de inteligencia nacional / dina state terrorist organization (whose attack against a former chilean foreign minister in 1976 in washington, d.c. resulted in two deaths, including that of an american). "reports that ndu hired foreign military officers with histories of involvement in human rights abuses, including torture and extra-judicial killings of civilians, are stunning, and they are repulsive", said sen. patrick leahy, d-vermont, the author of the "leahy law" prohibiting u.s. assistance to military units and members of foreign security forces that violate human rights.