in all but one discipline surveyed, the highest percentage of female faculty was at the level of assistant professor, which was still lower than the percentage of women among recent phd recipients (the hiring pool for assistant professors). even in disciplines where women outnumbered men earning phds, the percentage of assistant professors who were white male was greater than that of females. for example, in psychology, 66.1% of the phds between 1993 and 2002 were women; while in 2002, they accounted for only 45.4% of the assistant professors. the data demonstrated that while the representation of females in science and engineering phd attainment had significantly increased in recent years, the corresponding faculties were still overwhelmingly dominated by white men. in most science disciplines, the percentage of women among faculty recently hired was not comparable to that of recent women phds.