this tradition of open challenge is a part of the heritage of gracie style of jiu jitsu. carlos gracie taught his style of jiu jitsu to his four younger brothers (oswaldo, gastão, jorge, and helio) and to his older sons (including carlson and carley), and they in turn taught their brothers, sons, nephews, and cousins. after carlos retired from the ring, he managed the fight careers of his brothers and sons, continuing to challenge fighters of all styles throughout the world. this tradition of open challenge is continued by his sons, grandsons, brothers, nephews, and students.