the province of inner mongolia is located south of the republic of mongolia. china was under mongol rule when genghis khan toppled the song dynasty (960-1279) and kublai khanm proclaimed the yuan state (1271–1368). after the fall of the yuan dynasty, the ming was largely successful in subduing the containing the mongols to their traditional homelands, although it wasn’t until the qing dynasty that mongolia was again incorporated into the chinese empire.