the limbus the gurungs and the magars of nepalese communities were living in sikkim even before the foundation of the monarch in 1642. in the 18th century the gorkha rulers of nepal conquered the western part of sikkim and subsequently various other nepali tribes settled there. by way of the treaty of titalia in 1817 between the british east india company and sikkim, the lands that were occupied by nepal in earlier period were returned to sikkim. this also brought the already settled nepalese under sikkim. the newars, who are the business class of nepali communities were brought to sikkim by the ministers of chogyal as they had the technology of minting coins and making pakoda-type house which were rather popular in sikkim. they were also given permisision to dig mines. this community brought a number of worker and service castes like brahmins or bahuns, khsatriyas or chhetris, barbers and artisan castes like kamis (smiths), damais (tailors) and sarkis (cobblers). the nepalese also introduced the system of terraced cultivation to the hilly terrains of sikkim which had a great impact on the cultivation of rice, maize and other cash crops like cardamom and ginger bringing good revenue to the state.