he was taken to the palpung monastery where the 11th tai situpa, pema wangchok, gave him ordination, the bodhisattva vows and many teachings. beru khyentse lodro miza pampa'i gocha taught him the tantras. bo kangkar rinpoche taught him the sutras. jamgon palden kyentse oser taught him mahamudra and the six yogas of naropa. he regarded the 11th tai situpa, pema wangchok, and the 2nd jamgön kongtrül khyentse öser as his root gurus. in 1931, at the age of seven, he performed his first black crown ceremony. he received his hair cutting ceremony at age thirteen from thubten gyatso, 13th dalai lama.