in the late 20th century, voiced geminates began to appear in loanwords, though they are marked and have a high tendency to devoicing. a frequent example is loanwords from english such as "bed" and "dog" that, though they end with voiced singletons in english, are geminated (with an epethentic vowel) when borrowed into japanese. these geminates frequently undergo devoicing to become less marked, which gives rise to variability in voicing: