in june 2013 the nsa's prism and boundless informant programs for domestic and international surveillance were uncovered by "the guardian" and "the washington post" as the result of information provided by whistleblower edward snowden. this information revealed capabilities such as collection of internet browsing, email and telephone data of not only many americans, but citizens of other nations as well. "the guardian"'s john patterson argued that hollywood depictions of nsa surveillance, including "enemy of the state" and "echelon conspiracy", had "softened" up the american public to "the notion that our spending habits, our location, our every movement and conversation, are visible to others whose motives we cannot know."