it has been claimed that "new" information in the discourse is accented while "given" information is not. generally, the properties of "new" and "given" are referred to as a word's discourse status. definitions of "new" and "given" vary. halliday defines "given" as "anaphorically" recoverable, while "new" is defined to be "textually and situationally non-derivable information". to illustrate this point, consider the following discourse in (12) and (13):