having a long-established historical ties with european countries since the colonialism era, some of indonesian terms has absorbed into some european languages, mainly the dutch and english. indonesian language itself also has numerous loanwords which derived from the european languages, mainly from the dutch, portuguese, spanish, and english. indonesian language also has loanwords derived from sanskrit, chinese, and arabic which diffused in indonesian due to the trade and religious-based activities that had been done since ancient times within the indonesian archipelago region.