it is a prerequisite or corequisite to the bar examination for admission as an attorney at law in 48 of the 50 states of the united states, as well as the district of columbia, guam, the northern mariana islands, the u.s. virgin islands, and the republic of palau. of the 56 jurisdictions within the united states, only puerto rico, and wisconsin do not use the mpre examination. however, these jurisdictions still incorporate local ethics rules in their respective bar examinations. connecticut and new jersey waive the mpre requirement for bar candidates who have earned a grade of "c" and "c-", respectively, or better in a law school course in professional ethics.