on 22 december 1945, in war department circular 383, the united states army decided to introduce the "v" device to distinguish the award of a bronze star medal for acts of valor and heroism rather than meritorious service. soldiers, including army airmen, who were awarded the bronze star medal for heroism in combat were now authorized to wear a bronze "v" on the suspension and service ribbon of the medal. only one "v" was allowed to be worn on a ribbon. the department of the navy introduced the "v" as the "combat distinguishing device", and on 15 february 1946, authorized the "v" device to be worn on the legion of merit and bronze star medal for services or acts performed in actual combat with the enemy; in february 1947, this was changed to acts or services involving direct participation in combat operations.