the primary approach to treating ppa has been with behavioral treatment, with the hope that these methods can provide new ways for patients to communicate in order to compensate for their deteriorated abilities. speech therapy can assist an individual with strategies to overcome difficulties. there are three very broad categories of therapy interventions for aphasia: restorative therapy approaches, compensatory therapy approaches, and social therapy approaches. rapid and sustained improvement in speech and dementia in a patient with primary progressive aphasia utilizing off-label perispinal etanercept, an anti-tnf treatment strategy also used for alzheimer's, has been reported. a video depicting the patient's improvement was published in conjunction with the print article. these findings have not been independently replicated and remain controversial.