the central concern of the kirana style is swara, or individual notes, in particular precise tuning and expression of notes. in the kirana gayaki (singing style), the individual notes (swaras) of the raga are considered not just random points in the scale but independent realms of music capable of horizontal expansion. highly emotional "pukars" in the higher octaves form a part of the musical experience. another unique feature of this gharana is the highly intricate and ornate use of the "sargam taan" (weaving patterns with the notations themselves) introduced by abdul karim khan under influence from the carnatic classical style.