the anglo-ottoman convention of 1913 (29 july 1913) was an agreement between the sublime porte of the ottoman empire and the government of the united kingdom of great britain and ireland which defined the limits of ottoman jurisdiction in the area of the persian gulf with respect to kuwait, qatar, bahrain, and the shatt al-‘arab. signed, but never ratified, the long-lasting impact of the agreement was that of the status of kuwait; the basis for both formal independence and the frontiers of modern kuwait were established.