the gau iguana ("brachylophus gau") is a species of iguana endemic to gau island in the fijian archipelago. it mostly lives in the well-preserved upland forests of the island, with smaller populations in the degraded coastal forests. it can be distinguished from other south pacific iguanas by the male's distinctive color pattern and solid green throat. it is also the smallest of all south pacific iguanas, being about 13% smaller than the third smallest species and 40% smaller than the largest extant species.