the securities and exchanges commission (sec) filed criminal charges against kapa-community ministry international and its executives, citing an investment scam. president rodrigo duterte was the first government official to announce the legal actions, doing so on june 8, 2019 when he ordered the national bureau of investigation (nbi) to shut down kapa. duterte said that the company was "clearly a form of 'syndicated estafa [fraud].'" kapa claimed that it helped millions of filipino people raise money, promising to donors that they would "be receiving 30% of the amount for life." a criminal investigation revealed that members would have to donate at least 10000 philippine pesos (₱; us$) to receive the promised return.