many pupae are easy for predators to attack. some caterpillars (in the family hesperiidae and the subfamilies parnassiinae and satyrinae) make shelters out of silk and leaves to protect themselves when they become pupae. these shelters are called cocoons. most butterfly pupae do not have cocoons to protect themselves. instead, the pupae have brown or green colours to camouflage themselves among leaves and branches. pupae that do not have cocoons are called chrysalids or chrysalises.