after world war i, the ottoman empire had been defeated. in june 1922, the league of nations approved the british mandate of palestine. this gave control of the area to the united kingdom. the land west of the jordan river was known as palestine. it was under direct british control until 1948. the land east of the jordan river was known as transjordan, and was governed by the hashemite family. transjordan gained independence in 1946.