the cochineal disperses in the first nymph stage, called the "crawler" stage. the juveniles move to a feeding spot and produce long wax filaments. later, they move to the edge of the cactus pad, where the wind catches the wax filaments and carries the insects to a new host. these individuals establish feeding sites on the new host and produce a new generation of cochineals. male nymphs feed on the cactus until they reach sexual maturity. at this time, they can no longer feed at all and live only long enough to fertilise the eggs. they are, therefore, seldom observed. in addition, females typically outnumber males due to environmental factors.