hydraulic fracturing is highly controversial. its proponents advocate the economic benefits of more extensively accessible hydrocarbons, as well as replacing coal with natural gas, which burns cleaner and emits half as much carbon dioxide (co). opponents of fracking argue that these are outweighed by the potential environmental impacts, which include risks of ground water and surface water contamination, noise and air pollution, and the triggering of earthquakes, along with the resulting hazards to public health and the environment. research has determined that human health is affected. groundwater contamination has been documented. adherence to regulation and safety procedures is required to avoid further negative impacts.