he then received a national defense education act fellowship which enabled him to earn a ph.d. degree in chemical physics from stanford university in 1969. at stanford he worked with frank e. harris on "ab initio" electronic structure theory and quantum chemistry. for his ph.d. thesis work, he examined the electronic structure of first-row atoms and the oxygen molecule. he published 12 articles in journals including "physical review" and "physical review letters" prior to defending his dissertation.