the trains are sometimes described as electrical multiple units (emu's), but this, in the normal sense of the term, is inaccurate. each car was individually coupled to its neighbours, and the full line voltage (1,200 v) passed the full length of the train. there was a driving cab at both ends of every car, including the trailers. this gave exceptional versatility in the formation of trains, which could range from two to five cars. the specified formations (all motor cars were 3rd class) were: