the technology used was vsc, capable of black start. although thyristor-based converters have a loss of only 0.7%, the igbts of vsc get close with a loss of 0.8 to 1%. skagerrak 1 and 2 previously used skagerrak 3 as a return cable, but 1 and 2 were again coupled so that skagerrak 4 can use number 3 for returns. the cable also supplies 110 mw of reserve power. some of the 24 fiber pairs may be rented for business by telecommunications companies.