the switches have an integrated time-domain reflectometer (tdr) built into every copper port, providing diagnostic monitoring and troubleshooting capabilities of the connected cables allowing for the troubleshooting of cable defects (crimped, cut, shorted or damaged cables) from the telnet, snmp, web and console management interfaces. this test provides a very reliable test to identify if the cable is good or faulty. the switches also include an integrated packet sniffer built into every port that can export the information on to a web page report (see the jpg to the right, an example of top 25 talkers on a switch) or export the information to an ipfix server. the web base reports will report top 10, 25, or 50 talkers. reports can also be created and sorted on source address, destination address, tos, protocol, port number, source or destination ports, packet count, byte count, or first or last packet times. multiple ports can be monitored simultaneously or individually. a license is not required to enable this function. the management of the system is accomplished through a serial console (which presents both a menu structure and a command line interface), a web interface or with the device manager tools, which uses snmp to communicate with the device.