there was a wide social and cultural gap between the legislators and senior ministry officials. few of the former had had the exposure to the modern education and foreign experience enjoyed by senior ministry officials. more than 90 percent of the wolesi jirgah members represented rural constituencies. legislators had the right to lobby ministers and senior bureaucrats directly. doing so was more rewarding than dealing with middle rank provincial officials who had less authority and information. the constitution discouraged executive-legislative cooperation on policy, but it did not prevent the give and take of patronage.