the crambe meal, which is a side product of industrial oil production, can be used as a protein supplement for animal feed. it contains approximately 46% proteins, which are of high nutritional quality. unfortunately, the crambe seed shred also contains toxic compounds as glucosinolates, tannins and inositol phosphate. the use as forage is therefore very limited. the incorporation rate of crambe by-products into animal feed should not be higher than 5% for growing-finishing pigs, 15% for dairy cows, and 19% for sheep. it is not recommended to feed poultry.