sidney was instrumental in having her brother's "an apology for poetry" or "defence of poesy," put into print, and she circulated the "sidney–pembroke psalter" in manuscript at about the same time. the simultaneity suggests a proximate relationship in their design: both argued, in formally different ways, for the ethical recuperation of poetry as an instrument for moral instruction — particularly for religious instruction. sidney also took on the editing and publishing her brother's "arcadia", which he claims to have written in her presence as "the countesse of pembroke's arcadia".