a shambaa kingdom based on vugu was founded by mbegha in the first half of the 18th century. his grandson kinyashi muanga ike gave the kingdom a stronger political and military structure. under kinyashi's son kimweri ye nyumbai the kingdom grew to cover both the west and east usambaras, extending down to the coast and into the pangani river valley to the south. after kimweri died in 1862 the kingdom fell apart in a succession struggle.