aniakchak national monument was , by carter using his authority under the antiquities act. the monument covered , excluding the area between the caldera and the coast.. in 1980 the alaska national interest lands conservation act (anilca) was finally passed, establishing the unit as a national monument surrounded by a larger national preserve that extended to the coast on the south side of the peninsula. the monument allows subsistence hunting by local residents in most areas and the preserve allows both subsistence and sport hunting. sport hunting and trapping are therefore only permitted in aniakchak national preserve. the most common species hunted include moose and brown bear.