according to fine jr.: bosnia, zahumlje and rascia were never incorporated into an integrated state with duklja (1043–1101); each principality had its own nobility and institutions, simply requiring a member of the royal family to rule as prince or duke. after constantine bodin died, the principalities seceded from duklja, and vukan became the most powerful serb ruler, as "grand prince". subordinate to the ruler were local counts who seem to have been more or less autonomous in the internal affairs of their counties, but who swore loyalty and were obliged to support in war. it seems that the counts were hereditary holders of their counties, holding their land before duklja annexed rascia.