a large group of works that can be classed as being of at 922 type has been examined by german folklorist walter anderson, in his monograph "kaiser und abt" ("emperor and the abbot", 1923), whose title is named after the german counterpart of the ballad story. in it, he compiled some 474 variants across to the asian continent and spanning from german, scandinavian to turkic and finno-ugric languages; of these, 410 were oral, all dating to the 19th and 20th century. among the group anderson analyzed, 85% featured a surrogate who gives the correct answers to the puzzles. and in 81.4% the interrogator was a monarch: john lackland, charles quint or even pharaoh sheshonk in some variants.