to circumvent the local republican party apparatus mostly controlled by taft supporters, the eisenhower forces created a nationwide network of grass-roots clubs, "citizens for eisenhower". independents and democrats were welcome, as the group specialized in canvassing neighborhoods and holding small group meetings. citizens for eisenhower hoped to revitalize the gop by expanding its activist ranks and by supporting moderate and internationalist policies. it did not endorse candidates other than eisenhower, but he paid it little attention after he won and it failed to maintain its impressive starting momentum. instead the conservative republicans became energized, leading to the barry goldwater nomination of 1964. long-time republican activists viewed the newcomers with suspicion and hostility. more significantly, activism in support of eisenhower did not translate into enthusiasm for the party cause.