a single example is both astonishing and revealing. since 1945, half the forests of indonesia have been replaced with farmland. as late as 1900, indonesia was still a densely forested country: forests covered 84 percent of the total land area. deforestation became serious in the 1970s, and has gone faster since then. about 170 million hectares (estimated in 1900) decreased to less than 100 million hectares by the end of the 20th century. in 2008, it was estimated that tropical rainforests in indonesia would be logged out in a decade. of the total logging in indonesia, up to 80% is said to be done illegally.