john seibyl of the society of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging has stated that it is settled that spect is of no value for diagnosing psychological disorders. a 2012 review by the american psychiatric association found that neuroimaging studies "have yet to impact significantly the diagnosis or treatment of individual patients." the review also states that neuroimaging studies "do not provide sufficient specificity and sensitivity to accurately classify individual cases with respect to the presence of a psychiatric illness." the american psychiatric association has concluded that "the available evidence does not support the use of brain imaging for clinical diagnosis or treatment of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents." according to cognitive neuroscience researcher martha farah and psychologist s. j. gillihan, "[t]he lack of empirical validation has led to widespread condemnation of diagnostic spect as premature and unproven."