during world war ii, he lost a match to euwe (+2 –5 =3) at krefeld 1941, and drew a mini-match with alekhine (+1 –1 =0) at warsaw 1943. he also played in numerous tournaments held in nazi-held territory throughout the war. after the war, he lived in west germany. in 1947, he won in lüneburg, and kassel. in 1949 he won in bad pyrmont (3rd west ger-ch), and tied for 1st-2nd in oldenburg. in 1951, he won in augsburg, and saarbrücken.