motor coaches can replace locomotives at the head of local passenger or freight trains. especially electrified narrow gauge lines on the european continent often saw this form of operation. many of these railways closed down, many others changed to electric multiple units. but a few lines in switzerland, italy and austria still work with train consists hauled by motor coaches. it can be expected that the bernina line of rhaetian railway will continue for a long time to be operated with motor coaches pulling passenger and freight trains.