under pressure to resolve agrarian unrest in various parts of the country, and noting that mindanao was rich in mineral resources and weather favorable to agriculture, later philippine presidents continued the promotion of migration which the american colonial government began in 1903. massive arrivals of non-muslim migrants happened particularly during the commonwealth period under president manuel quezon and later under right-wing presidents ramon magsaysay and ferdinand marcos. as a result, the proportion of indigenous peoples in mindanao to shrink from majority in 1913 to minority by 1976. the best lands in mindanao were given to settlers and owners of corporate agriculture, while most development investments and government services were offered to the christian population. this caused the muslim population to be backward and rank among the poorest in their own country. the resettlement programme was not entirely peaceful as some settlers managed to obtain land from the native muslims through harassment and other violent efforts which drove the muslims out of their own lands.