self-fashioning has implications and applications outside of renaissance studies. waleska schwandt applies the theory to oscar wilde in a chapter of the book "the importance of reinventing oscar: versions of wilde during the last 100 years", edited by uwe boker et al. (new york and amsterdam: rodopi, 2002). alvina e. quintana uses the theory to analyse twentieth century chicano literature (see "ana castillo's "the mixquiahuala letters"", in "criticism in the borderlands: studies in chicano literature, culture and ideology", hector calderon and jose david saldivar (eds), durham, nc: duke university press, 1991, pp. 72–83). jack chen applies the concept to the writings of emperor taizong in a book titled "the poetics of sovereignty: on emperor taizong of the tang dynasty," (boston, mass: harvard university asia center, 2011). in a chapter of the 2018 textbook "international perspectives on theorizing aspirations: applying bourdieu’s tools", edited by garth stahl et al. (london, uk: bloomsbury, 2018, pp. 44) in steven threadgold's chapter "bourdieu is not a determinist", guy mankowski applies the theory with reference to punk music, where self-fashioning is re-appropriated as 'self-design'.