in october 1822, amid political upheaval in italy, panizzi was slated for arrest, as were many carbonari. he was tipped off that he faced arrest and trial as a subversive, and made his way across italy, eventually arriving in switzerland. in 1823, he wrote and published a book decrying the repressive regime and trials against citizens of the duchy of modena, "dei processi e delle sentenze contra gli imputati di lesa maestà e di aderenza alle sette proscritte negli stati di modena". following the book's publication, he was indicted, tried, and condemned to death "in absentia" in modena, and pressure was brought to have him expelled from switzerland.