the house of balliol (de bailleul) was a noble family originating from the village of bailleul in picardy. they held estates in england, granted during the reign of king william rufus. through marriage, they had claims to the throne of scotland. one member of the family, john balliol, was named king of scotland after the disputed succession following extinction of the dunkeld line. john was deposed, leading to the first war of scottish independence. his son, edward balliol, also briefly controlled the scottish throne during the second war of scottish independence. edward had no issue, and the direct line went extinct with him.