the first article - authored by three soviet military scientists - attempted to present the tenets of cybernetics as a coherent scientific theory, retooling it for soviet use; they purposely avoided any discussion of philosophy, and presented wiener as an american anti-capitalist, in order to avoid any politically dangerous confrontation. they asserted cybernetics' main tenets as: (1) information theory, (2) the theory of automatic high-speed electronic calculating machines as a theory of self-organising logical processes, and (3) the theory of automatic control systems (particularly, the theory of feedback). juxtaposingly, kolman's defense of cybernetics mirrored its stalinist attacks, as kolman created a spurious historiography of cybernetics (inevitably leading back to the soviet union) and corrected the "deviations" of the anti-cybernetic philosophers, using marxist quote-mongering and the labeling of his opponents as "idealists" and "vitalists" in an attempt to reconcile cybernetics with dialectical materialism.