plant-based diets are under preliminary research to assess whether they may improve metabolic measures in health and disease, and if there are long-term effects on diabetes. when clinical studies are focused to the types of plant-based foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts, the association of diet and improvement of diabetes biomarkers was strengthened. plant-based diets were also associated with improved emotional and physical well-being, relief of depression, quality of life, and general health in diabetic people. cognitive and mental effects of a plant-based diet are inconclusive.